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B Events such as hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, volcanic eruptions, and tornadoes are all natur...
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Haveyoueverhadthestrangefeelingthatyouwerebeingwatched?Youturnedaroundandsureenoughsomeonewaslookingrightatyou!Parapsychologists灵学家saythathumanshaveanaturalabilitytosensewhensomeoneislookingatthem.ToresearchwhethersuchasixthsensereallyexistsRobertBakerapsychologist心理学家attheUniversityofKentuckyperformedtwoexperiments.InthefirstoneBakersatbehindunknowingpeopleinpublicplacesandstaredatthebacksoftheirheadsfor5to15minutes.Thesubjects受试者wereeatingdrinkingreadingstudyingwatchingTVorworkingatacomputer.Bakermadesurethatthepeoplecouldnottellthathewassittingbehindthemduringthoseperiods.Laterwhenhequestionedthesubjectsalmostallofthemsaidtheyhadnosensethatsomeonewasstaringatthem.ForthesecondexperimentBakertoldthesubjectsthattheywouldbestaredatfromtimetotimefrombehindatwowaymirrorinalaboratorysetting.Thepeoplehadtowritedownwhentheyfelttheywerebeingstaredatandwhentheyweren’t.Bakerfoundthatthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestaredatandwhentheyweren’t.BakerfoundthatthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestartedatthaniftheyhadjustguesseD.Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.IfpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperimentssaidBakerIsuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves.68.Thepurposeofthetwoexperimentsisto.A.explainwheneoplecanhaveasixthsenseB.showhowpeopleactwhilebeingwatchedinthelabC.studywhetherhumanscansensewhentheyarestaredatD.provewhyhumanshaveasixthsense69.Inthefirstexperimentthesubjects.A.werenottoldthattheywouldbestaredatB.losttheirsensewhentheywerestaredatC.werenotsurewhentheywouldbestaredatD.wereuncomfortablewhentheywerestaredat70.Theunderlinedwordoutcomeinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans.A.valuB.resultC.performanceD.connection71.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.PeoplearebornwithasixthsensE.B.Theexperimentssupportparapsychologists’ideA.C.Thesubjectsdonothaveasixthsenseintheexperiments.D.Peoplehaveasixthsenceinpublicplaces.
MonarchButterfliesOneofthelastWestCoasthomesoftheMonarchbutterflyatypeofinsect昆虫maysoondisappear.StrangelyitisinatownthatcallsitselfButterflyU..S..A.PacificGroveCalifornia.ThetownofPacificGrovelovesthebutterflies.Everyyeartheyhaveaparade游行andhundredsofchildrendressupasbutterflies.Monarchbutterfliesarethetownmascot.Tourismisveryimportantandmanypeoplecometoseethebutterflies.Thebutterfliesaregoodforthedevelopmentofthetown.In1981thereweresomanybutterfliesitlookedlikeitwasrainingbutterflies.TensofthousandsofMonarchsstayedontreebranchesnearPacificGrove.Nowtherearenotsomany.Thebuildinggoesonalittlebitatatimeandyoudon’tnoticeitdaybyday.Overtimeyoucanseethattherehasbeenalotofdevelopment.Asnewbuildingsgoupmanytreesarecutdown.Thisreducesthenaturalhomesforthebutterflies.Monarchstravelhundredsofmileseachyearreturningtothesamewoodsoftentothesametrees.ThefemaleMonarchsneedmilkweedtolaytheireggsthemaleswillfollowthefemales.MillionsofMonarchshavetraveledregularlyalongthesamepathforthousandsofyears.TheystarttheirtripinthemountainsofMexicoandtraveltothemiddlepartofAmerica.Ifthewoodswherethebutterflieslivearedestroyedthewholespecies物种couldbelost.TherehavebeenMonarchbutterfliesalongthecoastofCaliforniaforaslongasmancanrememberbutnooneissurehowmuchlongertheywilllast.36.WhyareMonarchbutterfliesimportanttoPacificGroveA.Theymaydisappear.B.Theycometostayeveryyear.C.Theyhelpdevelopthetown’stourism.D.TheygiveanametoPacificGrove.37.TheunderlinedwordmascotinParagraph2probablyrefersto_________.A.anewtypeofbutterflyB.aninsectbelievedtobringgoodluckC.aparadeorganizedbyPacificGroveD.aspecialdressforchildreninPacificGrove38.WhatproblemdoMonarchbutterfliesfacenowA.Newbuildingstakeuptheirlivingspace.B.Therehasbeentoomuchrainmrecentyears.C.Theirnaturalhomesaredestroyedbytourism.D.Theyhavetottravelalongdistancetogethome.39.WheredoMonarchbutterfliesstarttheirtriptoPacificGroveA.FromCentralAmerica.B.FromtheWestCoast.C.FromCalifornia.D.FromMexico.
InJune2007agroupofstudentsfromeighthighschoolsinWinnipegthecapitalofCanada’sManitobaprovincewillbegintest-launching试发射asatellitethesizeofaRubik’scubE.Theone-kilogramWin-Cubsatellitenamedforitshomecityanditsshapewillbeputintoloworbit.Onceinspaceitcanperformforafewmonthsoruptoseveralyearscommunicatinginformationthatcouldhelpfindthesignsofearthquakes.Thereare80similarsatelliteprojectsworldwidebutthisisthefirsthigh-schoolbasedprogramofitskindinCanada.30Manitobahighschoolstudentsarehavingahandindesigningandbuildingthesatelliteincooperationwithaerospace航空航天的expertsand10studentsfromtheUniversityofManitobaandwithsupportfromtwootherorganizations.TheWin-Cubeprojectisnotsomethingthatgoesonapieceofpaper;itisreal-worldengineeringallowinghighschoolstudentstohaveanopportunitytolearnmoreabouttheexcitingworldofengineeringthroughtheirparticipationinthischallengingprogram.ItisalsotakenasawonderfulexampleoftheuniquepartnershipswithinManitoba.Designingbuildingandlaunchingasatellitewithhigh-schoolparticipationwillbringthisworld-classeducationalprojectintorealityandManitobaclosertospacE.TheseManitobahighschoolstudentsdeservecongratulationsfortheirenthusiasminnovation创新andastronglovefordiscoverysaidEducationCitizenshipandYouthMinisterPeterBjomson.Wewanttomakesciencemorerelevant相关的interestingandattractivetohighschoolstudentsbyshowingthemhowclassroomstudiescanrelatetopracticalexperienceintheworkplaceorinthiscaseinspaceBjomsonaddeD.TheWin-Cubeprogramismainlynamedatinspiringastrongdesirefordiscoveryonthepartofthestudents.ItalsoshowsManitoba’sdevotiontoresearchandinnovationandthedevelopmentofaskilledworkforce―allimportantdriversofknowledge-basedeconomicgrowth.56.AccordingtothepassagetheWin-Cubesatelliteis_________.A.namedafterManitobaanditsshapeB.intendedforinternationalcommunicationC.designedlikeaRubik’scubebothinshapeandsizeD.challengedbyuniversitystudentsaroundtheworld57.AccordingtoMr.Bjomson___________.A.thoseManitobahighschoolstudentsareworthpraisingB.thestudyofspacecanbepracticallymadeinclassroomsC.ManitobahighschoolsarefamousforthestudyofspaceD.scientificresearchistoofarawayfromhighschoolstudents58.Theprimarypurposeoftheprojectisto_________.A.findtheearlysignsofearthquakesB.relatestudiestopracticalC.helphighschoolstudentsstudyreal-worldengineeringD.inspireastrongdesirefordiscoveryamongthestudents59.Thebesttitleforthispassagemaybe________.A.ManitobaSchoolB.Win-CubeProgramC.SpaceCo-operationD.SatelliteLaunching
Researchersareplacingroboticdogs机器狗inthehomesoflonelyoldpeopletodeterminewhethertheycanimprovethequalityoflifeforhumans.AlanBeckanexpertinhuman-animalrelationshipandNancyEdwardsaprofessorofnursingareleadingthephysicalactivityandlifesatisfaction.Noonewillarguethatanolderpersonisbetteroffbeingmoreactivechallengedorstimulated刺激Edwardspointsout.Theproblemishowwepromote使成为现实thatespeciallyforthosewithoutfriendsorhelp.A.roboticdogcouldbeasolution.InthestudytherobotcalledAIBOisplacedforsixweeksinthehousesofsomeoldpeoplewholivealonE.BeforeplacingAIBOinthehomeresearcherswillcollectbaselinedataforsixweeks.TheseoldpeoplewillkeepadiarytonotetheirfeelingsandactivitybeforeandafterAIBO.Thentheresearcherswillreviewthedatatodetermineifithasinspiredanychangesinthelifeofitsowner.Italktohimallthetimeandherespondstomyvoicesaysaseventy-year-oldlady.WhenI’mwatchingTV.he’llstayinmyarmsuntilhewantsdown.Hehasamindofhisown.TheAIBOsrespondtocertainorders.TheresearcherssaytheyhavesomeadvantagesoverlivedogsespeciallyforoldpeoplE.Oftentheelderlyaredisabledandcannotcareforananimalbywalkingitorplayingwithit.A.roboticdogremovesexerciseandfeedingconcerns.AtthebeginningitwasbelievedthatnoonewouldrelatetotheroboticdogbecauseitwasmetalandnotfurryBecksays.Butit’samazinghowquicklywehavegivenupthatbelief.Hopefullydowntheroadtheseroboticpetscouldbecomeamore-valuablehealthhelper.Theywillrecordtheirmasters’bloodpressurE.oxygenlevelsorheartrhythms.AIBOsmayevenonedayhavegamesthatcanhelpstimulateolderpeople’sminds.48.ThepurposeofBeckandEdwards’studyisto______.A.understandhuman-animalrelationshipB.makelonelyoldpeople’slifebetterC.findthecausesofoldpeople’slonelinessD.promotetheanimal-assistedresearch49.Intheresearchtheoldpeopleareaskedto______.A.notetheactivitiesofAIBOsB.keepAIBOsathomefor12weeksC.recordtheirfeelingsandactivityD.analyzethecollectedinformation50.WhatistheadvantageofAIBOoverlivedogs?A.ItiseasiertokeepathomE.B.Itcanhelpthedisabledpeople/C.Itrespondstoallthehumanorder.D.ItcanwatchTVwithitsowner.51.Theauthorseemstosuggestthatthefutureroboticdogsmay________.A.curecertaindiseasesB.keepoldpeopleactiveC.changepeople’sbeliefsD.lookmorelikerealdogs
Animalscanmovefromplacetoplacebutplantscannot.Whenananimalisunderattackitcanrunawayorfightback.Plantscertainlycannotrunawayandtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexampletheleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines刺thatdiscouragegrass-eatinganimals.Hollyleavesonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplantssuchastheoaktreehavethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassesmaycontainasandymaterialeatingsuchgrasseswearsdowntheanimal’steeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar毛虫bitesatobaccoleaftheleafproducesachemicalmessenger.Thismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotine.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.A.certainplantinChinaforinstancehasprickly多刺的leavesandeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom毒液AsingleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuturE.68.Thehollyplanthasmorespinesonthelowerleavesbecausemostanimals.A.arenottallenoughB.likethelowerleavesonlyC.arenotcleverenoughD.cangetthelowerleaveseasily69.Todefendthemselvesoaktreesuse.A.chemicalmeansB.physicalmeansC.bitterchemicalsD.sandymaterials70.Howdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?A.Itsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.B.Itsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.C.ItsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattackeD.D.Itsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodrivethecaterpillaraway.71.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.PlantsandAnimalsB.HowPlantsDefendThemselvesC.AttacksandDefensesD.HowAnimalsEatPlantLeaves
Desertsarefoundwherethereislittlerainfallorwhererainforawholeyearfallsinonlyafewweeks'timE.Teninchesofrainmaybeenoughformanyplantstosurvive存活iftherainisspreadthroughouttheyearIfitfallswithinoneortwomonthsandtherestoftheyearisdrythoseplantsmaydieandadesertmayform.Sandbeginsastinypiecesofrockthatgetsmallerandsmalleraswindandweatherwearthemdown.Sanddunes沙丘areformedaswindsmovethesandacrossthedesert.BitbybitthedunesgrowovertheyearsalwaysmovingwiththewindsandchangingtheshapE.Mostofthemareonlyafewfeettallbuttheycangrowtobeseveralhundredfeethigh.Thereishowevermuchmoretoadesertthansand.InthedesertsofthesouthwesternUnitedStatescliffs悬崖anddeepvalleyswereformedfromthickmudthatoncelaybeneathaseamorethanmillionsofyearsago.Overthecenturiesthewaterdriedup.Windsandrainheatandcoldallworeawayattheremainingrocks.Thefacesofthedesertmountainsarealwayschanging-veryveryslowly---astheseforcesofnaturecontinuetoworkontherock.MostdesertshaveasurprisingvarietyoflifE.Thereareplantsanimalsandinsectsthat:haveadaptedtolifeinthedesert.DuringtheheatofthedayavisitormayseeveryfewsignsoflivingthingsbutastheairbeginstocoolintheeveningthedesertcomestolifE.Asthesunbeginstoriseagainintheskythedesertonceagainbecomesquietandlonely.60.Manyplantsmaysurviveindesertswhen__________________.A.therainisspreadoutinayearB.therainfallsonlyinafewweeksC.thereislittleraininayearD.itisdryalltheyearround61.Sanddunesareformedwhen___________________.A.sandpilesupgraduallyB.thereisplentyofraininayearC.theseahasdriedupovertheyearsD.piecesofrockgetsmaller62.Theunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphprobablymeansthatinadesertthereis____________.A.toomuchsandB.moresandthanbeforeC.nothingexceptsandD.somethingelsebesidessand63Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatinadesert____________.A.thereisnorainfallthroughouttheyearB.lifeexistsinroughconditionsC.allsanddunesareafewfeethighD.rocksarewornawayonlybywindandheat
Asskiesarefilledwithmillionsofmigrating迁徙birdsEuropeanscientistssaytheseasonalwonderappearstobestrange:Thefatterthebirdtilebetteritflies.Theresultsoftheirstudyledtoatheoryoppositetoacentraloneofaerodynamics空气动力学whichsaysthatthepowerneededtoflyincreaseswithweight.Forbirdsobviouslythecostofflyingwithheavyfatismuchsmallerthanweusedtothink.Researchersfoundthatredknotwadingbirdsdoubletheirnormalbodyweightof100gramsbeforemakingtheirtwice-a-yearnonstopflightbetweentheBritishIslesandtheRussianArctiC.Distance:5000kilometers.AnotherstudyinthemagazineNaturemeasuredtheadvantageofflyinginanaerodynamicgroupwhichallowsbirdstosaveenergybyflyingsmoothlyandquietlyintheleadbird'sairstream.Flyingingroupstheirheartrateswere14.5percentlowerthanflyingaloneaccordingtoHenriaFrenchscientist.Thefindingshelpexplainhowbirdscompletedifficultmigrations.ResearchershadthoughtthatthinnerstrongerbirdswouldhavethebestchancetosurvivE.Thefirststudysuggeststhatbuildingupfattobeburntasfuelduringthemigrationisworthmorethantheenergyittakestocarrytheadditionalweight.Inthestudyresearcherssaidtheirteamstudiedthebirdsflownatdifferentbodyweightsduring28simulated模拟的flights.Theyforcedasmallamountofspecialwaterintothebirds'bodiessothattheycouldmeasuretheamountofenergyburntduringtheflight.60.A.redknotwadingbirdof100gramswillprobablyweigh________beforemakingitsnonstopmigratingflight.A.50gramsB.100gramsC.150gramsD.200grams61.DuringtheirmigratingflightredknotwadingbirdscansaveenergybyflyingA.separatelyB.aloneC.ingroupsD.inpairs62.A.________redknotwadingbirdhasabetterchancetosurviveduringitsmigratingflight.A.strongerB.weakerC.thinnerD.fatter63.Thebesttitleforthispassagemayprobablybe________.BirdsThinDownForJourneyBirdsFattenUpForJourneyHowBirdsBuildUpFatForJourneyHowBirdsBurnEnergyForJourney
BrianWalkerchewspens.Hebitesthemsohardthathisbosshaswarnedhimtostoporbuyhisown.Kate’sweaknessismoreacceptable-sheisunabletowalkpastacakeshopwithoutovereatingSophinCartierfindshercigarettehabitaheadachewhileAlice’sthumb-suckingdrivesherboyfriendcrazy.Fourpeoplewithverydifferenthabitsbuttheyallshareacommonproblemanxietydisorderorinseriouscases.ObsessiveCompulsiveDisorderOCD.Fromnail-bitingtotoomuchhand-washingovereatingandinternetaddiction上瘾OCDiswidespreadinalmosteveryworkplaceandcountlesshomE.ItisarelativelycommonformofnxietysaysDr.MooteE.ThemainfeatureofOCDistherepetitionofunwantedobsessive过度的thoughtssuchasworriesthatdoorsareleftunlockedgasorelectricalappliancesarelefton.Inordertofightagainsttheessaycheckingdoorlocksandgasorelectricalappliandces.Dr.MooteesaysthatrepetitivewashingparticularlyofthehandsisthemostcommontypeofOCD.Shehastreatedmanypatientswhowashtheirhandsupto30timesaday.ThetechniqueMooteeusestotreatpeoplewithOCDiscalledcognitive-behavioraltherapy认知行为疗法.ItisbasedonthegeneralideathatpeoplehavetheabilitytochangethewaytheythinkandbehavesaysMooteE.Butwhendoesahabitbecomeaproblem?It’spersonalsaysMooteE.Everyonehassomethingunusualbutifyoucan’tputupwithitthenit’saproblemandyouneedtodosomethingtochangeit.Mooteesaysmanypeopleresistfortreatmentbecausetheyfeartheyarecrazy.Butaspeoplebecomemoreknowledgeableabouttheseproblemstheywillgoandgethelp.Theonlywaytocureistoconquer.68.IfapersonsuffersfromOCDbeislikelytokeepdoinganyofthefollowingEXCEPT.A.chewingpensB.hurtinghimselfC.suckingfingersD.bitingnails69.AccordingtothepassageapersonsufferingfromOCD.A.reduceshis/heranxietybytakingdrugsB.getsintounwantedhabitstorelievestressC.hasunwantedthoughtsabouthabitsD.hasunwantedthoughtsbecauseofillness70.Dr.Mootee’streatinglechniqueisbasedontheideathat.A.everyonehassomethingdifferentB.peoplecanputupwiththeirproblemsC.peoplecanchattheirwayofthinkingandactionD.peopletendtorepeattheirobsessiveactions71.BysayingTheonlywaytocureistoconquer.Dr.MooteesuggeststhatanOCDsufferer.A.hastobeanextraordinarypersonB.mustcurehisillnessbyhimselfC.mustovercomemanyphysicalillnessesD.shouldhavearightattitudetowardstheproblem
ThirteenvehicleslineduplastMarchtoraceacrosstheMojaveDesertseekingamillioninprizemoney.Towintheyhadtofinishthe142-mileraceinlessthan10hours.Teamsandwatchersknewtheremightbenowinneratallbecausethesevehiclesweremissingeakeypartdrivers.DARPAtheDefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgencyorganizedtheraceaspartofapushtodeveloproboticvehiclesforfuturebattlefields.ButtheGrandChallengeasitwascalledjustprovedhowdifficultitistogetacartospeedacrossanunfamiliardesertwithouthumanguidance.Onehaditsbrakelockupinthestartingarea.Anotherbeganbythrowingitselfontoawall.Anothergottiedupbybushesneartheroadafter1.9miles.Oneturnedupsidedown.Onetookoffinentirelythewrongdirectionandhadtobedisabledbyremote远距离的control.Onewentalittlemorethanamileandrushedintoafence;anothermanagedtogoforsixmilesbutstuckonarock.Thewinneriftherewasanyreached7.8milesbeforeitranintoalongnarrowholeandthefrontwheelscaughtonfire.YougetalotofrespectfornaturalabilitiesofthelivingthingssaysReinholdBehringerwhohelpeddesigntwoofthecar-sizevehiclesforacompanycalledSci-Autonics.Evenants蚂蚁candoallthesetaskseffortlessly.It’sveryhardforustoputtheseabilitiesintoourmachines.TheroboticvehiclesthoughwithnecessarymodernequipmentsuchasadvancedcomputersandGPSguidancehadtroublefiguringoutfastenoughtheblocksaheadthatatwo-year-oldhumanrecognizesimmediatelySurethatveryyoungchildwhohasjustonlylearnedtowalkmaynotthinktowipeapplejuiceoffherfacebutshealreadyknowsthatwhenthere’sacookieinthekitchenshehastoclimbupthetableandthatwhenshegetstothecookieitwilltastegood.Sheismoreadvancedevenmonthsoldthananymachinehumanshavedesigned.67.Watchersdoubtedifanyofthevehiclescouldfinishtheracebecause.A.theydidnothaveanyhumanguidanceB.theroadwasnotfamiliartothedriversC.thedistancewastoolongforthevehiclesD.theprizemoneywasunattractivetothedrivers68.DARPAorganizedtheraceinorderto.A.raisemoneyforproducingmoreroboticvehiclesB.pushthedevelopmentofvehicleindustryC.trainmorepeopletodriveinthedesertD.improvethevehiclesforfuturewars69.Fromthepassageweknowroboticvehiclesareakindofmachinesthat.A.candoeffortlesslywhatevertaskslivingthingcanB.cantakepartinaraceacross142mileswithatimelimitC.canshowofftheirabilitytoturnthemselvesupsidedownD.canmovefromplacetoplacewithoutbeingdrivenbyhumanbeings70.Intheracethegreatestdistanceoneroboticvehiclecoveredwas.A.abouteightmilesB.sixmilesC.almosttwomilesD.aboutonemile71.Inthelastparagraphthewriterimpliesthatthereisalongwaytogo.A.foraroboticvehicletofinisha142-mileracewithoutanydifficultiesB.foralittlechildwhohasjustlearnedtowalktoreachthecookieonthetableC.foraroboticvehicletodealwithasimpleproblemthatalittlechildcansolveD.foralittlechildtounderstandtheimportanceofwipingapplejuiceoffitsface
AsanyhomemakerwhohastriedtokeeporderatthedinnertableknowsthereisfarmoretoafamilymealthanfooD.SociologistMichaelLewishasbeenstudying50familiestofindoutjusthowmuchmorE.Lewisandhisco-workerscarriedouttheirstudybyvideotaping录像thefamilieswhiletheyateordinarymealsintheirownhomes.Theyfoundthatparentswithsmallfamiliestalkactivelywitheachotherandtheirchildren.Butasthenumberofchildrengetslargerconversationgiveswaytotheparents’effortstocontroltheloudnoisetheymakE.Thatcanhaveanimportanteffectonthechildren.Ingeneralthemorequestion-askingtheparentsdothehigherthechildren’sIQscoresLewissays.Andthemorechildrentherearethelessquestion-askingthereis.Thestudyalsoprovidesanexplanationforwhymiddlechildrenoftenseemtohaveahardertimeinlifethantheirsiblings兄弟姐妹.Lewisfoundthatinfamilieswiththreeorfourchildrendinnerconversationislikelytocenterontheoldestchildwhohasthemosttotalkaboutandtheyoungestwhoneedsthemostattention.MiddlechildrenareinvisiblesaysLewis.Whenyouseesomeonegetupfromthetableandwalkaroundduringdinnerchancesareit’sthemiddlechilD.Thereishoweveronethingthatstopsallconversationandpreventsanyonefromhavingattention:WhentheTVisonLewissaysdinnerisanon-event.66.Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthetextisto_________.A.showtherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenB.teachparentswaystokeeporderatthedinnertableC.reportonthefindingsofastudyD.giveinformationaboutfamilyproblems67.Parentswithlargefamiliesaskfewerquestionsatdinnerbecause____________.A.theyarebusyservingfoodtotheirchildrenB.theyarebusykeepingorderatthedinnertableC.theyhavetopaymoreattentiontoyoungerchildrenD.theyaretiredouthavingpreparedfoodforthewholefamily68.BysayingMiddlechildrenareinvisibleinparagraph3Lewismeansthatmiddlechildren_________.A.havetohelptheirparentstoservedinnerB.gettheleastattentionfromthefamilyC.areoftenkeptawayfromthedinnertableD.findithardtokeepupwithotherchildren69.Lewis’researchprovidesananswertothequestion_________.A.whyTVisimportantinfamilylifeB.whyparentsshouldkeepgoodorderC.whychildreninsmallfamiliesseemtobequieterD.whymiddlechildrenseemtohavemoredifficultiesinlife70.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldthewriteragreeto?A.Itisimportanttohavetherightfoodforchildren.B.ItisagoodideatohavetheTVonduringdinner.C.Parentsshouldtalktoeachoftheirchildrenfrequently.D.Elderchildrenshouldhelptheyoungeronesatdinner
EdwardWilsonisAmerica’sifnottheworld’sleadingnaturalist.InTheFutureofLifehetakesusonatouroftheworld’snaturalresources资源.Howaretheyused?Whathasbeenlost?Whatremainsandisitabletocontinuewiththepresentspeedofuse?Wilsonalsopointsouttheneedtounderstandfullythebiodiversity生物多样性ofourearth.Wilsonbeginswithanopenlettertothepioneerinenvironment环境protectionHenryDavidThoreau.Hecomparestoday’sWaldenPondwiththatofThoreau’sday.Wilsonwillusesuchcomparisonsfortherestofthebook.Theproblemisclear:manhasdonegreatdamagetohishomeovertheyears.Vantheearthwithhumanhelpbemadetoreturntobiodiversitylevelsthatwillbeabletosupportusinthefuture?BiodiversityWilsonarguesisthekeytosettlingmanyproblemstheearthfacestoday.Evenouragriculturalcropscangainadvantagesfromit.A.merehundredspecies物种arethebasisofourfoodsupplyofwhichbuttwentycarrytheloaD.Wilsonsuggestschangingthissituationbylookingintotenthousandspeciesthatcouldbemadeuseofwhichwillbeawaytoreducetheclearingofthenaturalhomesofplantsandanimalstoenlargefarmingareas.AttheendofthebookWilsondiscussestheimportanceofhumanvaluesinconsideringtheenvironment.Ifyouaretocontinuetoliveontheearthyoumaywellreadandactontheideasinthisbook.72.WelearnfromthetextthatWilsoncaresmostabout______A.theenvironmentforplantsB.thebiodiversityofourearthC.thewastesofnaturalresourcesD.theimportanceofhumanvalues73.Howmanyspeciesaremostimportanttoourpresentfoodsupply?A.Twenty.B.Eighty.C.OnehundredD.TenthousanD.74.Wilsonsuggeststhatonewaytokeepbiodiversityisto_______.A.learnhowtofarmscientificallyB.buildhomesforsomedyingspeciesC.makeitclearwhattoeatD.usemorespeciesforfood75.Wecaninferthatthetextis_______A.adescriptionofnaturalresourcesB.aresearchreportC.abookreviewD.anintroductiontoascientist.
It'snottheflashiestcarintheworlD.NotevenclosE.Butthe1971VolkswagennamedHelioscandosomethingmostcarscan't:nmonsolarenergy-energyfromthesun'slightandheat!JoshuaBechtold14andtheotherstudentsattheRiversideSchoolinLyndonvilleVermontworkedmanymonthstogetHeliosreadyforthe1999AmericanTourdeSolSolistheLatinwordforsun.TheynamedtheircarafterHeliosthesungodinGreekmythology神话.The4-year-oldTourdeSolencouragestheuseofgreenorenvironmentallyfriendlycarstohelpreducepollutionandsaveenergy.It'snotaracE.Carsarejudgedonfuelefficiency耗油量ratherthanspeeD.Intheweek-longevent44carstookthe350-miletourfromWaterburyConnecticuttoLakeGeorgeNewYork.Ofthe23studentcarsHelioswastheonlyonebuiltbymiddleschoolstudents.AteacherdroveHeliosbutthechildrentalkedwithpeoplewherevertheystoppedalongthemaD.ThatwasmyfavoritepartsaysAnnaBrowne15.Weexplainedhowthecarruns.Dueinparttooldinefficientbatteries电池Heliosfinishedfourth-outoffour-initskindthesun-poweredclass.WewerethereforthefunofitAnnasays.We'reproudofHeliossaysArielGleicher14.It'sacarthat'sgoodfortheenvironment.64.WhatisspecialaboutthecarHeliosinthetext?A.Itwasbuiltbymiddleschoolstudents.B.Ithasan'attractivedesign.C.Itwasmadein1971.D.ItwonthefourthprizE.65.Howmanysun-poweredcarstookpartintherace?A.1.B.4.C.23.D.44.66.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext.'?A.TheMakingofHeliosB.1999AmericanTourdeSolC.Sun-poweredCarsontheRoadD.UseofGreenCarsinConnecticut67.ThestudentsfeltproudofHeliosbecause______.A.itcouldrunasfaras350milesB.itwasfavoredbymanychildrenC.ithadhigh-qualitybatteriesD.itwasdrivenbycleanenergy
SometimeearlyinthenextcenturyhumanbeingswillmovetoMars.Theywilllivethereforaboutayearandthenwillbereplacedwithanothergroupofpioneers.BuildingthebaseonMarswilladvanceourknowledgeofthesolarsystemandaidinourunderstandingoftheearth.WealreadyknowthatMarsresemblestheearthinmanyaspects:generalsizepresenceofwaterlengthofdayrangeoftemperatures.Theseresemblanceshavecausedmanypeopletoconsideracenturies-longproject:toterraformMars.Terraformingmeansalteringaplanet’ssurfacesothatEarth’slifeformscansurvivetherE.Thisconceptpreviouslyfoundonlyinsciencefictionisnowbeingseriouslyconsideredbyscientists.TerraformingMarsistheoreticallysimple:addnitrogenandoxygentotheatmosphere;pumpwatertothesurface;andaddtheearth’splantsandanimalsintheorderinwhichtheydevelopedonEarth.Butitwilltakeatleast300years.Somepeoplethinkthatsuchaprojectistoohugeforhumanstoundertakebutthereareverygoodreasonstomaketheattempt.Theearthnowcontainssome6billionpeopleandnoonehasanyideaofhowmanyhumanstheearthcansupport.Ourveryexistenceandnumbersarethreateningmanyotherspecies.Wealsohavehadsomeexperiencewithterraformingourownplanet:alteringthelandscapetheatmosphereandtheclimatE.CurrentlyterraformingEarthhasbecomeawiseractivityaswetrytocontrolglobalwarmingairandwaterpollutionandpreservesomenaturallivingplaces.SmallasthepossibilityofsuchaprojectisitisnotimpossiblE.Evenifearth-boundsocietiescomeandgointhenext300yearstheprojectcancontinuethroughtheworkoftheMarssettlerswithouttheneedforconstantbackingfromtheearth.ThefutureexistenceofallthepeopleinourworldmayverywelldependuponourabilitytoterraformMars.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TerraformingMars.B.SavingtheEarth.C.TravellingtoMars.D.ANewly-foundPlacE.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordalteringmeaninthesecondparagraph?A.Warming.B.Changing.C.Planting.D.Building.AccordingtothepassagethemainpurposeofterraformingMarsisto_____.A.dosomescientificresearchworkB.findoutitssimilaritytoEarthC.avoidthedyingawayofmanyotherspeciesD.findonMarslivingplacefortheincreasinghumanbeingsThemainreasonforcausingmanypeopletoconsiderterraformingMarsisthat_____.A.therearesomeresemblancesbetweenEarthandMarsB.terraformingMarsistheoreticallysimpleC.wehavehadsomeexperiencewithterraformingourownplanet:EarthD.thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyisveryrapid
Whenbuildinghousespeopleusedtothinkaboutnotonlytheclimateoftheareasbutalsothebuildingmaterialsandthefashionsfortheirhouses.Howeversinceelectricitybecamemoreandmoreexpensivepeoplebegantopaymuchmoreattentiontotheenergytheycouldgetfortheirhousesandthenewwaystheycouldfindtoprotecttheirhousesfrombothcoldandheat.Nowhousesofanoldyetnewtypehavebeenwidelybuilt.Insomepartsoftheworldpeoplesharetheirhouseswiththeirlivestock家畜.Duringcoldweathertheygathertheircowsgoatsorotheranimalsandkeepthemonthefirstflooroftheirhouses.Thereasonsarethattheanimalscanbeprotectedfromthecoldandthattheycanhelptoheatthehousesaswell.ThebodyheatgivenoffbytheanimalsrisestothesecondfloorofthehouseswherepeoplelivE.Bysharingtheirhouseswiththeirlivestockpeoplegainasourceofheat.Peoplewholiveinornearcitiesdonotusuallykeeplivestock.Howeverhomebuildersusethefactthatheatrises.Thisnaturallawcanbeusedinbuildinghousesintheseareas.Insteadofkeepinglivestockonthefirstfloorbuildersfillitwithlargerocks.Astheyareopentothesun’sraysduringcoldweathertheserockstakeinheat.Theyalsogiveofftheheatandofcoursethewarmairrisesintothelivingareasofthehouses.Sothesehousesareenergy-saving.House-buildingbecomesagreatchallenge挑战tobuildingdesignersandenergyengineers.Theytrytomeetthischallengebylearningfromoldtraditionsandbyusingmoderntechnology.Andsomedayinthefuturepeoplewillbeabletoliveinmoreenergy-savinghouses.56.Whatdidpeoplebegintoconsideraselectricitywasnolongercheap?A.Theclimateoftheirareas.B.Theenergyfortheirhouses.C.Thefashionsfortheirhouses.D.Thebuildingmaterialsfortheirhouses.57.Peopleinsomeareasgainasourceofheatby_________.A.keepingtheirlivestockdownstairsB.protectingtheirlivestockfromthecoldC.sharingtheirhousesonlywiththeircowsD.livingonthesecondfloorwiththeirlivestock58.Theunderlinedwordsnaturallawinthethirdparagraphrefertothefactthat________.A.heatraisesthetemperatureinthehousesB.heatgoesintheupwarddirectionC.heatgoesupiftemperatureisraisedD.heatincreasesthetemperatureofrocks59.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethat__________.A.peoplewillnolongerconsiderbuildingmaterialsinthefutureB.energy-savingbuildingswillbecomemorepopularinthefutureC.almostallpeoplewillmoveintothehousesheatedbylargerocksD.energyengineerswilldevotethemselvesonlytomoderntechnology
InmostsituationslighthelpsusseE.Butwhenitcomestolookingatthenightskylightisactuallyakindofpollution.Itpreventsourviewofsomeoflife’smoststrikingsights:starsplanetsandevengalaxies.WhenIwasalittleboyIlovedthenightsky.Irememberlookingupandtheskywasfilledwithstars.IbecameanastronomerbecauseIwasamazedbytheirbeautysaysRobertgentNowinmostbigcitieskidscan’tseethestarslikeIdiD.Normallyabout2500individualstarsarevisibletothenakedeyewithoutusinganyspecialequipment.Butbecauseoflightpollutionyouactuallyseejust200to300andfewerthanadozenfromsomecities.OnlyoneinthreeAmericanscanseeourowngalaxy星系withthenakedeyE.Thosepeoplelivefarawayfromthelightsofbigcitiesofficebuildingandshoppingmalls.Fortunatelythere’saninexpensiveandusefulway.Ifweshinelightsdownatthegroundinsteadofupintotheskyanduselowerbrightnesslevelswecansavebigamountsofenergyandkeepthebeautyofthenightskies.Manycitiesandtownshavepassedlawslimitinglightsatnightmakingsureenoughshineforsafetywithoutcreatingmuchlightpollution.LightpollutionaffectsmorethanourviewoftheheavensandcanharmwildlifE.Migrating迁移birdssometimesflyovercitiesandbecomeconfusedbythebrightnessflyingincirclesuntiltheydropfromexhaustion.Seaturtlesneeddarkbeachesfornestingandwon’tapproachbrightlights.Toomuchlightatnightmayevenaffecthumanhealth.ForallthesereasonsresearchersareworkingonwaystouselightonlywhenandwheretheyaretrulyneedeD.Everyonedeservestolookupatthesky.Accordingtothetextusingournakedeyes______________.A.peopleinremoteareascanseemorestarsthanthoseinbigcitiesB.overonethirdAmericanscanseeourowngalaxyC.aboutoneinthreeAmericansinbigcitiescanseeourowngalaxyD.Americanscanonlysee200to300starsManycitiesandtownshavepassedlawslimitinglightsatnightmainlyto_________.A.savetheelectricityB.makesureofcities’safetyC.letyoucountthenumberofstarsD.avoidmuchlightpollutionInhowmanywayswillthelightpollutiondoharm?A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.FourTheunderlinedwordexhaustioninthelastparagraphmeans_________.A.airpollutionB.tirednessC.breathD.brightness
AnenvironmentalgroupcalledtheFoodCommissionisunhappyanddisappointedbecauseofthesaleofbottledwaterfromJapan.Thewateritangrilyarguesanpublichastraveled10000foodmilesbeforeitreachesWesterncustomers.TransportingwaterhalfwayacrosstheworldissurelytheextremelystupiduseoffuelwhenthereisplentyofwaterintheUK.Itisalsoworriedthatwearewastingourfuelbybuyingprawns对虾fromIndonesia7000foodmilesandcarrotsfromSoothAfrica5900foodmiles.Countingthenumberofmilestraveledbyaproductisastrangewayoftryingtotellthetruesituationoftheenvironmentaldamageclonebyanindustry.Mostfoodistransportedaroundtheworldoncontainershipsthatareextremelyenergy-efficient高能效的.Itshouldbenotedthatatonofbuttertransported25milesinatrucktoafarmers'marketdoesnotnecessarilyuselessfuelonitsjourneythanasimilarproducttransportedhundredsofmilesbyseA.Besidestheideaoffoodmilesignorestheamountoffuelusedintheproduction.ItispossibletocutdownyourfoodmilesbybuyingtomatoesgrowninBritainratherthanthosegrowninGhana;thedifferenceisthattheBritishoneswillhavebeenraisedinheatedgreenhousesandtheGhanaianonesintheopensun.WhattheideaoffoodmilesdoesprovidehoweveristhechancetocutoutThirdWorldcountriesfromFirstWorldfoodmarkets.ThenumberofmilestraveledbyourfoodshouldasIseeitberegardedasasignofthesuccessoftheglobal全球的tradesystemnotasignofdamagetotheenvironment.68.TheFoodCommissionisangrybecauseitthinksthat_______A.UKwastesalotofmoneyimportingfoodproductsB.someimportedgoodscauseenvironmentaldamageC.growingcertainvegetablesdamagestheenvironmentD.peoplewasteenergybuyingfoodfromothercountries69.Thephrasefoodmilesinthepassagereferstothedistance_______.A.thatafoodproducttravelstoamarketB.thatafoodproducttravelsfromonemarkettoanotherC.betweenUKandotherfoodproducingcountriesD.betweenaThirdWorldcountryandaFirstWorldfoodmarket70.BycomparingtomatoesraisedinBritainandinGhanatheauthortriestoexplainthat______A.BritishtomatoesarehealthierthanGhanaianonesB.GhanaiantomatoestastebetterthanBritishonesC.cuttingdownfoodmilesmaynotnecessarilysavefuelD.protectingtheenvironmentmaycostalotofmoney71.Fromthepassageweknowthattheauthorismostprobably.__A.asupporteroffreeglobaltradeB.amemberoftheFoodCommissionC.asupporterofFirstWorldfoodmarketsD.amemberofanenergydevelopmentgroup
Theglobalenergycrisisisapproaching.Whatcanwedo?HerearesomestepsyoucantakE.Coolingputsthegreateststressonyoursummerenergybillandthepowergrid电网.Justasatune-upforyourcarcanimproveyourgasmileageayearlytune-upyourheatingandcoolingsystemcanimproveefficiencyandcomfort.CleanorreplacefiltersmonthlyorasneedeD.ForcentralairconditioningsystemsandroomsirconditionerslookfortheENERGYSTARthefederalgovernment’ssymbolforenergyefficiency.ForcentralairpurchasethesystemwiththehighestpossibleSeasonalEnergyEfficiencyRatioSEER.Useenergy-efficientceilingfanseitheraloneorwithairconditioningCeilingfansdoagreatjobofcirculatingair.Whenusedwithairconditioningfansallowyoutoraisethethermostat恒温器andcutcosts.Ceilingfanscoolpeoplenotroomssobeforeyouleaveturnofftheceilingfan.Letaprogrammablethermostatrememberforyoutoautomaticallyadjusttheindoorclimatewithyourdailyandweekendpatternstoreducecoolingbillsbyupto10percent.Youcancomehometoacomfortablehousewithoutwastingenergyandcrestingpollutionalldaywhileyouareatwork.Trytomakeyourhomeairtightenoughtoincreaseyourcomfortmakeyourhomequieterandcleanerandreduceyourcoolingcostsupto20percent.Cutyourairconditioningloadandreducepollutionbyplantingleafytreesaroundyourhomeandfixingreflectivebricksonyourroof.Closeblindsorshadesonsouth-andwest-facingwindowsduringthedayorfixshadingequipmenttoavoidbeatbuild-up.Turnoffeverythingnotinuse:lightsTVscomputers.Andusefluorescentbulbs荧光灯whichprovidebrightwarmlightwhileusingatleasttwo-thirdslessenergyproducing70percentJessbeatandlastingupto10timeslongerthanincandescentbulbs白炽灯.DrivethecarthatgetsbettergasmileagewheneverpossibleifyouownmorethanonevehiclE.Ifyoudrive12500milesayearswitching10percentofyourtripsfromacarthatgets20milespergallontoonethatgets30mpgwillsaveyoumorethan$65peryear.Carpool.TheaverageU.S.commutes乘车上班族couldsaveabout$260ayearbysharingcarstwiceaWeekwithtwootherpeopleinacarthatgets20.1mpg―assumingthethreepassengerssharethecostofgas.68.Accordingtothepassagethethermostatisusedto.A.makeroomsquieterB.controlroomtemperatureC.turnofftheairconditionerD.reduceroomairpollution69.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethattheauthorprobablydiscourages.A.plantingleafytreesaroundyourhomeB.turningofftheceilingfanbeforeyouleaveyourhouseC.keepingyoursouth-facingwindowsopenduringthedayD.usingfluorescentbulbsinsteadofincandescentbulbs70.Thispassageismainlyabout.A.energy-savingtipsB.fuel-savingtipsC.doityourselftipsD.environment-protecting
AstudypublishedinSeptembersuggeststhereisasurprisingwaytogetpeopletoavoidunhealthyfoods;changetheirmemories.ScientistElizabethLoftusoftheUniversityofCaliforniaatIrvineaskedvolunteerstoanswersomequestionsontheirpersonalities个性andfoodexperiences.OneweeklaterLoftussayswetoldthosepeoplewe’dfedtheiranswersintooursmartcomputeranditcameupwithanaccountoftheirearlychildhoodexperiences.Someaccountsincludedonekeyadditionaldetail细节:Yougotsickaftereatingstrawberryice-cream.Theresearchersthenchangedthisdetailintoamanufactured人为促生的memorythroughleadingquestions－Whowereyouwith?Howdidyoufeel?Bytheendofthestudyupto41%ofthosegivenafalsememorybelievedstrawberryice-creamoncemadethemsickandmanysaidthey’davoideatingit.WhenLoftuspublishedherfindingsshestartedgettingcallsfrompeoplebegginghertomakethemrememberhatingchocolateorFrenchfries.Unfortunatelyit’snotthateasy.Falsememoriesappeartoworkonlyforfoodsyoudon’teatonaregularbasis.Butmostimportantitislikelythatfalsememoriescanbeimplanted灌输onlyinpeoplewhoareunawareofthementalcontrol.Andlyingtoapatientisimmoralevenifadoctorbelievesit’sforthepatient’sbenefit.Loftussaysthere’snothingtostopparentsfromtryingitwiththeiroverweightchildren.Isaywakeup－parentshavebeenlyingaboutFatherChristmasforyearsandnobodyseemstominD.Iftheycanpreventdiseasescausedbyfatnessandalltheotherproblemsthatcomewiththatyoumightthinkthat’samoremoralliE.Decidethatforyourself.72.WhydidLoftusaskthevolunteerstoanswersomequestions?A.Toimprovehercomputerprogram.B.TofindouttheirattitudestowardsfooD.C.Tofindoutdetailsshecanmakeuseof.D.Topredictwhatfoodthey’lllikeinthefuturE.73.WhatdidLoftusfindoutfromherresearch?A.Peoplebelievewhatthecomputertellsthem.B.PeoplecanbeledtobelieveinsomethingfalsE.C.Peopletendtoforgettheirchildhoodexperiences.D.Peoplearenotalwaysawareoftheirpersonalities.74.Accordingtothestudypeoplemaystophavingacertainfoodifthey_____.A.learnitisharmfulforhealthB.lietothemselvesthattheydon’twantitC.arewillingtoletdoctorscontroltheirmindsD.thinktheyoncehadabadexperienceofeatingit75.Whatisthebiggestconcernwiththemethod?A.Whetheritismoral.B.Whoitisbestfor.C.WhenitiseffectivE.D.HowitshouldbeuseD.
AsimplepieceofclotheslinehangsbetweensomeenvironmentallyfriendlyAmericansandtheirneighbors.Ononesidestandthosewhoseeclothesdryers干衣机asawasteofenergyandamajorpolluteroftheenvironment.Asaresulttheyareturningtoclotheslinesaspartofthewhat-Icandoenvironmentalism环境保护主义.Ontheothersidearepeoplewhoareagainstdryingclothesoutsidearguingthatclotheslinesareunpleasanttolookat.TheyhavepersuadedHomeownersAssociationsHOAsaccesstheU.S.tobanoutdoorclotheslinesbecauseclotheslinedryingalsotendstolowerhomevalueintheneighborhooD.ThishadledtoaRight-to-DryMovementthatiscallingforlawstobepassedtoprotectpeople’srighttouseclotheslines.SofaronlythreestateshavelawstoprotectclotheslinE.Right-to-DrysupportersarguethatthereshouldbemovE.MattReck37isthekindofeco-conscious有生态意识的personwhofeedshistreeswithbathwaterandreuseswaterdropsfromhisairconditionerstowaterplants.HisfamilyalsousesaclotheslinE.ButonJuly92007theHOAinWakeForestNorthCarolinatoldhimthatadissatisfiedneighlzirhadtelephonedthemabouthimclotheslinE.TheReckspaidnoattentiontothewarmingandstilldriedtheirclothesonalineintheyarD.Manypeoplesaytheyareenvironmentallyfriendlybuttheydon’ttakemattersintheirownhandssaysReck.ThelocalHOAhasdecidednottotakeanyactionunlessmoreneighborscometothem.NorthCarolinalawmakersaresayingthatbanningclotheslinesisnottherightthingtodo.ButHOAsandhousingbusinessesbelievethatclotheslinedryingremindspeopleofpoorneighborhoods.Theyworrythatifbuyersthinktheirfutureneighborscan’tevenafforddryershousingpriceswillfall.EnvironmentalistssaysuchworriesarenotnecessaryandinviewofglobalwarmingthatideaneedstochangE.AstheysayTheclotheslineisbeautiful.HangingclothesoutsideshouldbeencourageD.Weallhavetodoatleastsomethingtoslowdowntheprocessofglobalwarming.57.Oneofthereasonswhysupportersofclothesdryersaretryingtohamclotheslinedryingisthat____.A.clothesdryersaremoreefficientB.clotheslinedryingreduceshomevalueC.clothesdryersareenergy-savingD.clotheslinedryingisnotallowedinmostU.S.states58.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMattReck?A.Heisakind-heartedman.B.Heisanimpoliteman.C.Heisandexperiencedgardener.D.Heisamanofsocialresponsibility.59.Whoareinfavorofclotheslinedrying?A.housingbusinesses.B.Environmentalists.C.HomeownersAssociations.D.Reck’sdissatisfiedneighbors.60.Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?A.Clotheslinedrying:awaytosaveenergyandmoney.B.Clotheslinedrying:alostartrediscovereD.C.Oppositeopinionsonclotheslinedrying.D.Differentvarietiesofclotheslines.
AtDallas/FortWorthAirportthelightsarecontrolledbysensorsthatmeasuresunlight.Theydimimmediatelywhenit'ssunnyandbrightenwhenapassingcloudblocksthesun.AwallofwindowsataUniversityofPennsylvaniaengineeringbuddinghasbuilt-inblinds百页窗controlledbyacomputerprogramthatfollowsthesun'spath.Buildingsaregettingsmarter--andthenextgenerationofbuildingmaterialsexpectedtodoevenmorE.Windowscouldcatchthesun'senergytoheatwater.Sensorsthatmeasurethecarbondioxidebreathedoutbypeopleinamomcoulddeterminewhethertheairconditioningneedstobeturnedup.Manynewmaterialsandtechnologyhavebeendesignedinthelast15years.TheynowbeingusedinawaveofbuildingsdesignedtosaveasmuchenergyaspossiblE.Theyincludeoldideaslikegreenroofswhereabeltofplantsonaroofhelpsthebuildingkeepheatinwinterandstaycoolinsummerandnewideaslikespecialcoatingforwindowsthatletslightinbutkeepsheatout.AstechnologiessuchassensorsbecomecheapertheirusesspreaD.Theelevators电梯atSevenWorldTradeCenterwhichisunderconstructioninNewYorkuseasystemthatgroupspeopletravelingtonearbyfloorintothesameelevatorthussavingelevatorstops.Peoplewhoworkinthebuildingwillenteritbyswiping刷IDcardsthatwilltelltheelevatorstheirfloor;readoutswillthentellthemwhichelevatortousE.Thebuildingalsohaswindowswithacoatingthatblockshealwhilelettinginlight.Morenewbuildingmaterialsandtechnologyareindevelopment.A.Philadelphiabuildingfarmisnowworkingonsmartwrapthatusestinysolarcollectorstocatchthesun'senergyandtransmitters传感器thewidthofahumanhairtomoveit.Theyareexpectedtochangethefaceoftheconstructionindustryinthenexttenyearsorso.72.__willbedevelopedandusedintheconstructionindustry.A.GreenmopsthatcoolorheatbuildingsB.Smartwrapthatcatchesthesun'senergyC.Sunlight-measuringsensorsthatcontrollightsD.Windowcoatingthatletslightinbutkeepsheatout73.TheelevatorsatSevenWorldTradeCenterarespecialbecausetheycan___A.sendpeopletofloorswithfewerstopsB.teachpeoplehowtousetheirIDcardsC.makepeoplestayverycoolinsummerD.helppeoplegotravelinginthebuilding74.Theunderlinedwordit'inthelastparagraphrefersto_____.A.ahumanbeingB.smartwrapC.thesun'senergyD.atransmitter75.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.BuildingsAreBecomingSmarterB.BuildingsAreGettingMoreSunlightC.BuildingsAreLackinginMuchEnergyD.BuildingsAreUsingCheaperMaterials
WeexperiencedifferentformsoftheSun’senergyeveryday.Wecanseeitslightandfeelitswarmth.TheSunisthemajorsourceofevaporation蒸发ofwaterfromtheoceansandlakes.SunlightalsoprovidestheenergyusedbygreenplantstomaketheirownfooD.Thesegreenplantsthenprovidefoodforallorganisms生物ontheEarth.MuchoftheenergythatcomesfromtheSunneverreachestheEarth’ssurfacE.ItiseitherreflectedorabsorbedbythegasesintheupperatmospherE.Oftheenergythatreachestheloweratmosphere30%isreflectedbycloudsortheEarth’ssurfacE.Theremaining70%warmsthesurfaceoftheplanetcauseswatertoevaporateandprovidesenergyforthewatercycleandweather.Onlyatinypartapproximately0.023%isactuallyusedbygreenplantstoproducefooD.ManygasesfoundintheatmosphereactuallyreflectheatenergyescapingfromtheEarth’ssurfacebacktotheEarth.ThesegasesactliketheglassofagreenhouseinthattheyallowenergyfromtheSuntoenterbutpreventenergyfromleaving.Theyarethereforecalledgreenhousegases.WhensunlightstrikesanobjectsomeoftheenergyisabsorbedandsomeisreflecteD.TheamountreflecteddependsonthesurfacE.Forexampleyou’veprobablynoticedhowbrightsnowiswhensunlightfallsonit.SnowreflectsmostoftheenergyfromtheSunsoitcontributestothelowtemperaturesofwinter.Dark-colouredsurfacessuchasdarksoilorforestabsorbmoreenergyandhelpwarmthesurroundingair.59.AccordingtothepassagetherootcauseforweatherchangesontheEarthis______.A.theatmospheresurroundingtheEarthB.waterfromoceansandlakesC.energyfromtheSunD.greenhousegasesinthesky60.OnlyasmallpartoftheSun’senergyreachestheEarth’ssurfacebecausemostofit_______________.A.absorbedbythecloudsintheloweratmosphereB.reflectedbythegasesintheupperatmosphereC.lostintheupperandloweratmosphereD.usedtoevaporatewaterfromtheoceansandlakes61.Welearnfromthepassagethat_______________.A.alllivingthingsontheEarthdependontheSunfortheirfoodB.aforestlooksdarkinwinterbecauseitabsorbssolarenergyC.only0.023%oftheenergyfromtheSunismadeuseofontheEarthD.greenhousegasesallowheatenergytoescapefromtheEarth’ssurface
MostpeoplewhentheytraveltospacewouldliketostayinorbitforafewdaysofmorE.Andthisstandstoreasonifyou’repaying$20000foryourtriptoorbit!Strainorderfortourismtoreachitsfullpotentialthere’sgoingtobeaneedfororbitalaccommodation---orspacehotels.Whatwouldaspacehotelactuallybeliketovisit?Hotelsinorbitwilloffertheservicesyouexpectfromahotel------privateroomsmealsbars.Butthey’llalsooffertwouniqueexperiences:impressiveviews----ofEarthandspace---andtheendlessentertainmentoflivinginzerogravity---includingsportsandotheractivitiesthatmakeuseofthis.Thehotelsthemselveswillvarygreatly----frombeingquitesimpleintheearlydaystohugeluxurystructureatalaterdatE.It’sactuallysurprisingthataslateras1997veryfewdesignsforspacehotelswerepublisheD.Thisismainlybecausethosewhomightbeexpectedtodesignthemhaven’texpectedlaunchcoststocomedownfarenoughtomakethempossiblE.Lotsofpeoplewho’vebeentospacehavedescribedvividlywhatit’sliketoliveinzerogravity.Thereareobviouslyallsortofpossibilitiesfordancinggymnasticsandzero-Gsports.Luckilyyoudon’tneedtosleepmuchlivinginzerogravitysoyou’llhaveplentyoftimeforrelaxingbyhangingoutinabarwithawindowlookingdownattheturningEarthbelow.OfcourseallgoodthingshavecometoanenD.UnfortunatelyAndsoafterafewdaysyou’llfindyourselfheadingbackenoughyou’llbemuchmoreexpertatexercisinginzerogravitythanyouwerewhenyouarriveD.You’llbethinkinghowsoonyoucansaveupenoughtogetbackupagain---ormaybeyoushouldchangejobstogettoworkinanorbitinghotel.72.Whentravelinginspacemostpeoplewouldliketostayinorbitforafewdaysbecause_______.A.ItisexpensivetotravelinspaceB.theywouldfindthepossiblelifeinotherstarsystemsC.theycouldenjoytheluxuryofspacehotelsD.theywanttorealisethefullpotentialoftourism73.Whichofthefollowingisauniqueexperiencethatspacehotelswilloffer?A.ThegravitationalpullB.Thespecialviews.C.Therelaxationinabar.D.Thespacewalk.74.Whichofthefollowingisnotdiscussedinthepassage?A.Whenwasthespacetravelingmadepossible?B.Whataretheuniqueexperiencesthatspacehotelswilloffer?C.Whyweretherenotmanypublisheddesignsforspacehotels?D.Howcanthetravelersenjoythemselvesinspacehotels?75.Thispassageismainlyabout________.A.travelinginspaceB.thewaysoflivinginspacehotelsC.zerogravityandspacehotelsD.thedescriptionofspacehotels
MylonoaIslandinautumnandwinterispeacefulandbeautiful.Itisperfectforarelaxingstayorabriefvisit.OnecanseeandenjoytheblueskiesthewidebeachesandalsohavewonderfulwalksinthehillsperhapsnoteverydaybutusuallyuntilthebeginningofJanuary.VisitorsandwintertouristsoftencometoMykonostodiscoverthetraditionalGreekislanD.TheycanescapebusyAthensafterbusinessorcalmdownafteralongEuropeantourbeforetravelingonfurthertoEgyptIsraelorAsiA.ApartfromthemoreusualtouristsyouwillfindvarioushikerswalkersreaderswritersbikersandsooninthisislanD.YoucanalsovisitthebeautifulDeloshikethroughmountainswalkonbeachesexploreanothersideoftheislandlifewithsomemonasteries修道院horserideortakepartinlocalgatheringsandmeetsomefriendlyMykoniansMykonos’climateisMediterraneanandmilD.Autumnisalwaysblueskiedandsunnywherethetemperatureonlydropsverygradually.ThenicedaysforbeachgoingandswimminglastuntilearlyJanuary.TherealwintermonthsarealsomilD.EveninJanuarythetemperatureneverdropsverytobeon.Theislandhasagreatpercentageofhumiditybecauseofthesouth-easterlywindsandrainfallbetweenmid-Januaryandeach-March;thereisalsoapossibilityofstormsandcoldernortherlywindsatthisperioD.Snowisrareperhapsoneeverytenyears.Theclearblueskystillexistsformostofthewinter.Mykonosislandliesin_______.A.EgyptB.IsraelC.GreekD.IndiaWhat’sthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Tosumupsomesituationsofmanyislands.B.TointroduceabeautifulislandtopeoplE.C.TocomparetheirclimatE.D.TodescribethepeoplevisitingtheislanD.WhichofthefollowingisNOTwrong?A.EveryyearagreatnumberofpeoplegotoMykonosislandtotourhikewalkreadwriteandbikE.B.ItoftensnowsinMykonosislanD.C.Mykonos’climateisveryawful.D.FromtimetotimeyoucanseetheblueskyinMykonosislanD.What’stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedwordhumidity?A.温度B.湿度C.紫外线D.大气压Wecaninferfromthepassage______.A.Mykonosislandisawell-knowntourresortB.MykonosislandisaverybigislandinEuropeC.therearemanyrareanimalsinMykonosislandD.winteristhebestseasontotraveltoMykonosislanD.
AdevicethatstopsdriversfromfallingasleepatthewheelisabouttoundergotestingatDepartmentofTransportlaboratoriesandcouldgoonsalewithin12months.ThesystemcalleddriverAlertaimstoreducedeadlyroadaccidentsby20%--40%thatarecausedbytiredness.Airlinepilotscanalsouseittoreducethe30%ofallpilot-erroraccidentsthatarerelatedtofatiguE.DriverAlertisbasedonacomputerizedwristbanD.Thedevicewornbydriversorpilotsgivesoutasoundabouteveryfourminutesduringacarjourney.Aftereachsoundthedrivermustrespondbysqueezingthesteeringwheel方向盘.A.sensorinthewristbanddetectsthispressingactionandmeasuresthetimebetweenthesoundandthedriver’sresponsE.Tirednessisdirectlyrelatedtoadriver’sresponsetimE.Usuallyawatchfuldriverwouldtakeabout400millisecondstorespondbutoncethatfallstomorethan500millisecondsitsuggeststhatthedriverisgettingsleepy.Insuchcasesthedevicegivesoutmoreregularandloudersoundsshowingthatthedrivershouldopenawindoworstopforarest.Ifthedriver’sresponsecontinuestoslowdownthesoundsbecomemorefrequentuntilanonstopalarmwarmsthatthedrivermuststopassoonaspossiblE.Thedevicehasbeendeliveredtothedepartment’slaboratoriesfortesting.Ifthesetestsscheduledforsixmonths’timearesuccessfulthemarkerswillbringtheproducttomarketwithinaboutayear.72.AccordingtothetextDriverAlert______A.aimstoreducetiredness-relatedaccidentsB.hasgonethroughtestingatlaboratoriesC.aimstopreventdriversfromsleepingD.hasbeenonsalefor12months73.HowshouldadriverrespondtothesoundsfromDriverAlert?A.BysoundingawarningB.BytouchingthewristbandC.BycheckingthedrivingtimeD.Bypressingthesteeringwheel74.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatthedriverneedstostopforabreakwhenhisresponsetimeis________A.About400millisecondsB.below500millisecondsC.over500millisecondsD.about400minutes75.WhenthedrivergetssleepywhiledrivingDriverAlert______A.movesmoreregularlyB.stopsworkingproperlyC.opensthewindowforthedriverD.soundsmorefrequentlyandloudly
Equippedonlywithapairofbinoculars双筒望远镜andreadytospendlonghourswaitinginallweathersforapreciousglanceofararebullfinch红腹灰雀.Britain’sbirdwatchershadlongbeensupposedtobeloversofaminoritysport.Butnewfiguresshowbirdwatchingisfastbecomingapopularpastimewithalmostthreemillionofusabsorbedinourflutteringfeatheredfriends.DevotedbirdwatchersthosepreparedtotravelthousandsofmilesforasightingofarareSiberianbirdarefastbeingjoinedbyanewbreedoffollowerwhoseinterestissatiatedbywatchingafewfinches雀科鸣鸟onaSundaywalkorputtingupabird-boxinthebackgarden.AlmostthreemillionUKbirdwatchersiscertainlypossibleifyouincludeeveryonewithonlyacasualinterest.StephenMosssaidinhisnewlypublishedbook－ABirdintheBushaSocialHistoryofBirdwatching－whichrecordsthepursuitfromtherichVictorianEnglishman’sloveofshootingrarebirdstothelessoffensiveobservationaltendenciesofbirdwatcherstoday.Televisionwildlifeprogrammeshavehelpedtofuelthenewtrend.LastsummerBBC2’sBritainGoesWildwasasurprisesuccess.Itpulledinthreemillionviewersandledtobird-housessellingoutacrosstheUKas45000peoplepromisedtoputupabox.Birdwatchers’networkingsystemfirstcametotheattentionofthenationin1989whenabirdwatchercaughtsightofthefirstVermivorachrysoptera-agoldenwingedsongbirdfromNorthAmerica－tobeseeninBritain.HeputamessageouronthenetworkserviceBirdlineandthenextday3000birdwatchersprovedthefellpullofatrulyrarebirdastheyvisitedtheTescocarparkinKentwhereithadsettleD.Todaybirdwatcherscanlogontowww.birdlinE.co.ukorhavenewsofthelatestsightingstextedtotheirphones.Multimillion-poundspendingonbinocularsbirdfoodandboxespointtotheincreasingnumbersofbirdwatcherssaidDavidCromacktheeditorofBirdWatchingmagazineThenumberofpeopleinvolvedissobigthattheyhavegreatpotentialtoinfluencegovernmentdecisionsaffectingtheenvironment.76.Thewordsatiatedinparagraph2canbestbereplacedby.A.affectedB.sharedC.satisfiedD.narrowed77.WhathappenedafterthemessageofseeingaVermivorachrysopterawasputonthenetwork?A.BirdwatchershelpedtherarebirdsettleinKent.B.LargenumbersofbirdwatcherswenttoviewthebirD.C.Manybirdwatchersloggedontothewebsitefordetails.D.BirdwatchersshowedtheirdeterminationtoprotecttherarebirD.78.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbetrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Televisionwildlifeprogrammesstartedthepopularpastimeofbirdwatching.B.Thenetworkservicehascontributedtotherapiddevelopmentofbirdwatching.C.BirdwatchinginBritainwaslongconsideredasportwithasmallgroupoffollowers.D.Thecurrentsituationofbirdwatchingmaypromotetheprotectionoftheenvironment.79.Thepassagemainlytellsusabout___________inUK.A.thehistoryofbirdwatchigB.agrowingpassionforbirdwatchingC.theimpactofmediaonbirdwatchingD.birdwatcingasapopularexpensivesport
Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfooD.YoumaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgooD.YoumaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlooksmellortasteverynicE.DifferentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfooD.A.fewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenseswhilemostanimalsusemorethanonesensE.AlthoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsomeanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetypE.Thegiantpanda大熊猫eatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo竹子.OtheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoicE.A.kindofwhitebutterfly蝴蝶willstayontheleavesofacabbageeventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.Howevermostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet多样化饮食.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimalsbirdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritainpeopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweightwhichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproductssuchasbuttercanalsobebadforthehealth.ChoosingtherightfoodthereforehasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlifE.60.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals_________.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodC.choosefoodinsimilarwaysD.eatentirelydifferentfood61.Whichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.ThesmallbirD.C.Thebear.D.Thefox.62.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen___________.A.theseasonchangesB.thefoodcolorchangesC.theymovetodifferentplacesD.theyareattractedbydifferentsmells63.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat__________.A.foodischosenforagoodreasonB.FrenchandBritishfoodisgoodC.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet
OneAugustafternoonRichardAllendroppedoffhislastpassengerMrs.Carey.LiftingtwogrocerybagshefollowedheracrosstheyardandstoodonthestepofherhouseGlancinguphesawalargewasp黄蜂nestundertheroof.Allenhadheardthatwaspscanbecomemorelikelytostingstingstungstung蜇insummer.HementionedthistoMrs.Careywhohadopenedthedoor.Ohtheydon’tbothermeshesaidlightlyIgoinandoutallthetimE.AnxiouslyAllenlookedatthenestagain－toseethewaspsflyingstraightathim.Hurry!heshoutedtoMrs.Carey.Getin!ShesteppedquicklyinsideAllenranforhismini-bus.Toolate:theywereuponhim.Justashejumpedaboardhalfadozenredspotsshowedonhisarmandhefeltmoreonhisbackandshoulders.AshewasdrivingdowntheroadAllenfeltasifsomethingwasburningatthebackofhisneckandthefirewasspreadingforwardtowardhisfacE.Animmediateanxietytookholdofhim.AllenknewthatstingscouldcausesomepersonstodiE.Buthehadbeenstungtheprevioussummerandtheafter-effectssoonpasseD.Howeverwhathedidn’tknowwasthatthefirststinghadturnedhisbodyintoatimebombwaitingforthenexttosetoffanexplosion.MilesfromthenearestmedicalassistanceAllenbegantofeelhistonguethickandheavyandhisheartbeatlouderMostfrighteninghefelthisbreathingmireandmoredifficult.Hereachedfortheradiomike话筒tryingtocallthemini-buscenterbuthiswordswerehardlyunderstandablE.Signalswerealsopoorthatfarout.Heknewarescueteamwason24-hourdutyatheAmherstFireDepartment’snorthstation.Sohisbestchancewastomakearunforit.RushingdownthemountainAllentriednottopanicfocusinghismindoneachsharpturn.Hewasalmostthroughthelastofthemwhenhefeltsurehewasgoingintoshock休克.Justthenhereachedfortheradiomikeagain.Callfirestation.Heshoutedconcentratingtoformthewords.Emergency.Beesting.Emergency.Thereintenminutes.Five-tenthecenterreplieD.HoldonAllenthoughtKeepyoureyesopen.BreathE.KeepawakE.Atlasthereachedthestation.TwofiremenranoutAllenfelttheirhandsgrasphimbeforehehitthegrounD.Youmadeithethought.69.Itismentionedinthepassagethatwaspsaremorelikelytoattackwhen.A.therearehugenoisesB.strangersareapproachingC.theairisfilledwithfoodsmellD.thehottestseasoncomesaround70.Allendidn’tknowthatifstungbywaspsagainhewould.A.havenoafter-effectsB.sufferfromsharperpainC.surelylosehislifeD.becomemoresensitive71.Allenfailedathisfirstattempttosendhismessagetothemini-buscenterbecause.A.hewasunabletospeakclearlyB.hisradioequipmentwaspoorC.hewasinastateofshockD.noonewasonduty72.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AllenA.HelplessDriverB.WaspsBloodyKillersC.ARaceAgainstDeathD.WarAgainstWasps
Areyousometimesalittletiredandsleepyintheearlyafternoon?Manypeoplefeelthiswayafterlunch.Theymaythinkthateatinglunchisthecauseofthesleepiness.Orinsummertheymaythinkitistheheat.Howevertherealreasonliesinsidetheirbodies.Atthattimeabouteighthoursafteryouwakeupyourbodytemperaturegoesdown.Thisiswhatmakesyouslowdownandfeelsleepy.Scientistshavetestedsleephabitsinexperimentswheretherewasnonightorday.Thepeopleintheseexperimentsalmostalwaysfollowedasimilarsleepingpattern.Theysleptforonelongperiodandthenforoneshortperiodabouteighthourslater.Inmanypartsoftheworldpeopletakenaps小睡inthemiddleoftheday.Thisisespeciallytrueinwarmerclimates气候wheretheheatmakesworkdifficultintheearlyafternoon.ResearchersarenowsayingthatnapsaregoodforeveryoneinanyclimatE.A.dailynapgivesoneamorerestedbodyandmindandthereforeisgoodforhealthingeneral.Incountrieswherenapsaretraditional传统的peopleoftensufferlessfromproblemsuchasheartdiseasE.Manyworkingpeopleunfortunatelyhavenotimetotakenaps.Thoughdoctorsmayadvisetakingnapsemployersdonotallowit!Ifyoudohavethechancehoweverhereareafewtipsaboutmakingthemostofyournap.Rememberthatthebesttimetotakeanapisabouteighthoursafteryougetup.A.shortsleeptoolateinthedaymayonlymakeyoufeelmoretiredandsleepyafterwarD.Thiscanslaohappenifyousleepfortoolong.Ifyoudonothaveenoughtimetryashortnapeventenminutesofsleepcanbehelpful.44.Whydopeoplefeelsleepyintheearlyafternoonaccordingtothetext?A.Theyeattoomuchforlunch.B.Theysleeptoolittleatnight.C.Theirbodytemperaturebecomeslower.D.Theweatherbecomesalotwarmer.45.Ifyougetupat6:30amwhatisthebesttimeforyoutotakeanap?A.About12:30pm.B.About1:30pm.C.About2:30pmD.About3:30pm46.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.JustforaRestB.AllforaNapC.A.SpecialSleepPattern.D.TakingNapsinWarmerClimatE.
Howcouldwepossiblythinkthatkeepinganimalsincagesinunnaturalenvironments－mostlyforentertainmentpurposes－isfairandrespectful?Zooofficialssaytheyareconcernedaboutanimals.Howevermostzoosremaincollectionsofinterestingthingsratherthanprotectivehabitats栖息地.Zoosteachpeoplethatitisacceptabletokeepanimalsboredlonelyandfarfromtheirnaturalhomes.Zoosclaim声称toeducatepeopleandsaveendangeredspecies物种butvisitorsleavezooswithouthavinglearnedanythingmeaningfulabouttheanimals’naturalbehaviorintelligenceorbeauty.Zooskeepanimalsinsmallspacesorcagesandmostsignsonlymentionthespecies’namedietandnaturalrange分布区.Theanimals’normalbehaviorisseldomnoticedbecausezoosdon’tusuallytakecareoftheanimals’naturalneeds.TheanimalsarekepttogetherinsmallspaceswithnoprivacyandlittleopportunityformentalandphysicalexercisE.Thisresultsinunusuallyandself-destructivebehaviorcalledzoochosis.A.worldwidestudyofzoosfoundthatzoochosisiscommonamonganimalskeptinsmallspacesorcages.Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebarsandbearsspend30percentoftheirtimewalkingbackandforthasignofunhappinessandpain.FurthermoremostanimalsinzoosarenotendangereD.Captivebreeding圈养繁殖ofendangeredbigcats.AsianelephantsandotherspecieshasnotresultedintheirbeingsentbacktothewilD.Zoostalkalotabouttheircaptivebreedingprogramsbecausetheydonotwantpeopletoworryaboutaspeciesdyingout.Infactbabyanimalsalsoattractalotofpayingcustomers.Haven’tweseenenoughcompetitionstonamebabyanimals?Actuallywewillsaveendangeredspeciesonlyifwesavetheirhabitatsandputanendtothereasonspeoplekillthem.Insteadofsupportingzoosweshouldsupportgroupsthatworktoprotectanimals’naturalhabitats.64.Howwouldtheauthordescribetheanimals’lifeinzoos?A.Dangerous.B.Unhappy.C.Natural.D.Easy.65.Inthestateofzoochosisanimals_________.A.remainincagesB.behavestrangelyC.attackotheranimalsD.enjoymovingaround66.Whatdoestheauthortrytoargueinthepassage?A.Zoosarenotworththepublicsupport.B.Zoosfailintheirattempttosaveanimals.C.Zoosshouldtreatanimalsashumanbeings.D.Zoosuseanimalsasameansofentertainment.67.Theauthortriestopersuadereaderstoaccepthisargumentmainlyby_________.A.pointingoutthefaultsinwhatzoosdoB.usingevidencehehascollectedatzoosC.questioningthewayanimalsareprotectedD.discussingtheadvantagesofnaturalhabitats68.Althoughhearguesagainstzoostheauthorwouldstillagreethat__________.A.zooshavetokeepanimalsinsmallcagesB.mostanimalsinzoosareendangeredspeciesC.someendangeredanimalsarereproducedinzoosD.it’sacceptabletokeepanimalsawayfromtheirhabitats
Grown－upsknowthatpeopleandobjectsaresoliD.AtthemoviesweknowthatifwereachouttotouchTomCruiseallwewillfeelisair.Butdoesababyhavethisunderstanding?ToseewhetherbabiesknowobjectsaresolidT.Bowerdesignedamethodforprojectinganopticalillusion视觉影像ofahangingball.Hisplanwastofirstgivebabiesarealballonetheycouldreachoutandtouchandthentoshowthemtheillusion.Iftheyknewthatobjectsaresolidandtheyreachedoutfortheillusionandfoundemptyairtheycouldbeexpectedtoshowsurpriseintheirfacesandmovements.Allthe16-to24-week-oldbabiestestedweresurprisedwhentheyreachedfortheillusionandfoundthattheballwasnottherE.Grown－upsalsohaveasenseofobjectpermanence.Weknowthatifweputaboxinaroomandlockthedoortheboxwillstillbetherewhenwecomeback.Butdoesababyrealizethataballthatrollsunderachairdoesnotdisappearandgotonever-neverland?ExperimentsdonebyBowersuggestthatbabiesdevelopasenseofobjectpermanencewhentheyareabout18weeksolD.InhisexperimentsBowerusedatoytrainthatwentbehindascreen.When16－week－oldand22-week-oldbabieswatchedthetoytraindisappearbehindtheleftsideofthescreentheylookedtotherightexpectingittoreappear.Iftheexperimentertookthetrainoffthetableandliftedthescreenallthebabiesseemedsurprisednottoseethetrain.ThisseemstoshowthatallthebabieshadasenseofobjectpermanencE.ButthesecondpartoftheexperimentshowedthatthiswasnotreallythecasE.Theresearchersubstituted替换aballforthetrainwhenitwentbehindthescreen.The22-week-oldbabiesseemedsurprisedandlookedbacktotheleftsideforthetrain.Butthe16-week-oldbabiesdidnotseemtonoticetheswitch更换.Thusthe16-week-oldbabiesseemedtohaveasenseofsomethingpermanencewhilethe22－week－oldbabieshadasenseofobjectpermanencerelatedtoaparticularobject.68.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.A.babies’senseofsightB.effectsofexperimentsonbabiesC.babies’understandingofobjectsD.differenttestsonbabies’feelings69.InParagraph3objectpermanencemeansthatwhenoutofsightanobject________.A.stillexistsB.keepsitsshapeC.stillstayssolidD.isbeyondreach70.WhatdidBoweruseinhisexperiments?A.A.chair.B.A.screen.C.A.film.D.A.box.71.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Thebabiesdidn’thaveasenseofdirection.B.Theolderbabiespreferredtoytrainstoballs.C.Theyoungerbabieslikedlookingformissingobjects.D.Thebabiescouldn’ttellaballfromitsopticalillusion.
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