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高中英语《2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（广东卷）》真题及答案
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AllangoeseverywherewithBirgittaAndersona54-year-oldsecretary.Hemovesaroundherofficeatworkandgoesshoppingwithher.‘Mostpeopledon'tseemtomindAllan’saysBirgittawhothinksheiswonderful.‘He'smyfourthchild’shesays.ShemaythinkofhimandtreathimthatwaybuyinghisfoodpayinghishealthbillsandhistaxesbutinfactAllanisadog.BirgittaandAllanliveinSwedenacountrywhereeveryoneisexpectedtoleadanorderlylifeaccordingtoruleslaiddownbythegovernmentwhichalsoprovides提供ahighlevelofcareforitspeoplE.Thislevelofcarecostsmoney.PeopleinSwedenpaytaxesoneverythingsoaren'tsurprisedtofindthatowningadogmeansyetmoretaxes.Somepeoplearepayingasmuchas500Swedishkronorintaxesayearfortherighttokeeptheirdogmoneythatisspentbythegovernmentondoghospitalsandsometimesmedicaltreatmentforadogthatfallsill.Howevermostsuchtreatmentisexpensivesoownersoftendecidetopayhealthandevenlifeinsurance保险fortheirdog.InSwedendogownersmustpayforanydamage损坏theirdogdoes.A.SwedishKennelClubofficialexplainswhatthismeans:ifyourdogrunsoutontheroadandgetshitbyapassingcaryouastheownerhavetopayforanydamagedonetothecarevenifyourdoghasbeenkilledintheaccident.1.BirgittapaystaxesforAllanbecause.A.heisherdogB.heisherchildC.hefollowshereverywhereD.heoftenfallsill2.Themoneypaidasdogtaxesisusedto.A.keepahighlevelofcareforthepeopleB.payfordamagedonebydogsC.providemedicalcarefordogsD.buyinsurancefordogowners3.Ifadogcausesacaraccidentandgetskilledwhoshouldpayforthedamagedonetothecar?A.Theownerofthecar.B.Theownerofthedog.C.Theinsurancecompay公司D.Thegovernment.4.FromthetextitcanbeinferredthatinSweden.A.dogsarewelcomeinpublicplacesB.keepingdogsmeansaskingfortroubleC.manycaraccidentsarecausedbydogsD.peoplecaremuchaboutdogs
At9:00DickSpivak'sbanktelephonedandsaidhispaymentwaslatE.ThecheckisinthepostDickrepliedquickly.At11:45Dickleftfora12:00meetingacrosstown.Arrivinglateheexplainedthattraffic交通hadbeenhaD.ThateveningDick'sgirlfriendworeanewdress.Hehatedit.ItlooksjustgreatonyouhesaiD.Threeliesinoneday!YetDickSpivakisjustanordinaryman.Eachtimehetoldhimselfthatsometimesthetruthcausestoomanyproblems.MostofustellmuchthesamewhiteliesharmlessuntruthsthathelptosavetroublE.Hosoftendowetellwhitelies?ItdependsinpartonourageeducationandevenwherewelivE.AccordingtooneU.S.studywomenaremoretruthfulthanmenandhonestyincreasesaswegetolder.WhilemostpeopleuselittlewhiteliestomakelifeeasierthemajorityofAmericanscareabouthonestyinbothpublicandpersonallifE.Theysaythatpeopletodayarelesshonestthantheyweretenyearsago.Althoughitisbelievedthatthingsaregettingworselyingseemstobeanage-oldhumanproblem.TheFrenchphilos哲学家VauvenargeswritingintheeighteenthcenturytouchedonthetruthwhenhewroteAllmenareborntruthfulanddieliars说谎者.1WhenthewritersaysDickSpivakisjustanordinarymanhemeans_____.A.itiscommonthatpeopletellwhiteliesB.DickcoulddonothingaboutbadtrafficC.itiscommonthatpeopledelaytheirpaymentD.Dickfoundithadtodealwitheverydayproplems2.AccordingtothetextmostAmericans_____.A.hatewhiteliesB.believewhiteliesC.valuehonestyD.considerothersdishonest3Vauvenarges'remarksuggeststhat_____.A.lyingisanage-oldhumanproblemB.dishonestyincreasesaspeoplegetolderC.peopleweredishonestinthe18thcenturyD.itissocialconditionsthatmakepeopletelllies
Sincemanyofyouareplanningtostudyatacollegeoruniversityinthiscountryyoumaybecurioustoknowwhatyouusuallydoinatypicalweekhowyoucangetalongwithyourfellowstudentsandsoon.ThesearethequestionsIwanttodiscusswithyoutoday.Firstlet’stalkaboutwhatyourweeklyschedulewilllooklikE.Nomatterwhatyourmajormaybeyoucanexpecttospendbetweenfourandsixhoursaweekforeachclassattendinglectures.Lecturesareusuallyinverylargeroomsbecausesomecoursessuchasintroductiontosociologyoreconomicsoftenhaveasmanyastwoorthreehundredstudentsespeciallyatlargeuniversities.Inlecturesit’sveryimportantforyoutotakenotesonwhattheprofessorsaysbecausetheinformationalectureisoftendifferentfromtheinformationinyourtextbooks.Alsoyoucanexpecttohaveexamquestionsbasedonthelectures.Soitisn’tenoughtojustreadyourtextbooks;youhavetoattendlecturesaswell.InatypicalweekyouwillalsohaveacoupleofhoursofdiscussionforeveryclassyoutakE.Thediscussionsectionisasmallgroupmeetingusuallywithfewerthanthirtystudentswhereyoucanaskquestionsaboutthelecturesthereadingandthehomework.Inlargeuniversitiesgraduatestudentscalledteachingassistantsusuallydirectdiscussionsections.Ifyourmajorischemistryorphysicsoranotherscienceyou’llalsohavetospendseveralhoursaweekinthelaborlaboratorydoingexperiments.Thismeansthatsciencemajorsspendmoretimeintheclassroomthannonsciencemajorsdo.Ontheotherhandpeoplewhomajorinsubjectslikeliteratureorhistoryusuallyhavetoreadandwritemorethansciencemajorsdo.1Themainpurposeofthistextis.A.tohelpthestudentstolearnaboutuniversitylifeB.topersuadethestudentstoattendlecturesC.toencouragethesudentstotakepartindiscussionsD.toadvisethestudentstochoosepropermajors2Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatuniversityprofessors.A.spendabout5hoursonlectureseachweekB.mustjointhestudentsinthediscussionsectionsC.prefertousetextbooksintheirlecturesD.requirethestudentstoreadbeyondthetextbooks3.AdiscussionsectiondoesNOTinclude.A.workingundertheguidanceofuniversityprofessorsB.talkingoverwhatthestudentshavereadaboutthecoursesC.discussingtheproblemsrelatedtothestudents’homeworkD.raisingquestionsaboutwhataprofessorhassaidinalecture4.Accordingtotheauthorsciencemajors.A.havetoworkharderthannonsciencemajorsB.spendlesstimeontheirstudiesthannonsciencemajorsC.considerexperimentsmoreimportantthandiscussionsD.readandwritelessthannonsciencemajors
TracyWongisawell-knownChinese-Americanwriter.Butherwriting___1___wassomethingshepickedupbyherself.Afterherfirst____2____teachingdisabledchildrenshebecameapart-timewriterforIBM.___3___writingstorieswassimplya___4___.interest.Tracysentthreeofherstoriestoapublisher出版商.___5___theyimmediatelysuggestedthatsheputthemtogethertomakeasingleonelong___6___andpaidTracya$50000advancE.Aprettymoneysaidthepublisherfor___7____writer.___8___Traey'scharacters人物areinterestingherstoriessometimes___9___reademuneasy:thoseaboutthesupernatural.MymotherbelievedIcould___10___theafterlifeworldshetoldaclosefrienD.Sheusedtohavemespeakwithmygrandmotherwhodiedmanyyearsago.CanI?Idon'tthinkIcanTracysaidwithalaugh.Butldohave___11___whenthingscometome___12___.Onceshewaswonderinghowtocompletea___13___setinancient古代的ChinA.___14___thedoorbellrang.ItwasaFedExdeliverymanwithacopyofabookonChinese___15___.Itcamewithoutherhaving___16___it.Thoughshehaspublished10booksTracyhasremained___17___byherfamE.Shelivesinthesame___18___shelived27yearsago-althoughinamomcomfortablehomE.There'smoreroomfor___19___inherlife-anditwasn’tjust___20___.1A.skillB.experienceC.practiceD.method2.A.dutyB.effortC.jobD.task3.A.InsteadB.NormallyC.CertainlyD.Then4.A.generalB.deepC.personalD.lively5.A.InterestedB.AnxiouslyC.SeriouslyD.Encouraged6.A.filmB.storyC.programD.article7.A.aforeignB.apopularC.anunusualD.anunknown8A.NowthatB.EventhoughC.JustbecauseD.Exceptthat9.A.findB.turnC.leaveD.hold10.A.makeupB.'connectwithC.controlD.explain11A.eventsB.chancesC.feelingsD.moments12.A.fornoreasonB.fromadistanceC.byaccidentD.asgifts13.A.descriptionB.pointingC.sceneD.talk14A.SurprisinglyB.SuddenlyC.ExpectedlyD.Fortunately15.A.cookingB.historyC.playD.medicine16.A.knownB.sentC.realizedD.ordered17.A.unchangedB.excitedC.determinedD.unmoved18.A.lifeB.cityC.houseD.way19.A.successB.workC.joyD.variety20.A.writingB.reportingC.luckD.fun
Shanghai:Carrentals出租arebecomingmoreandmorepopularasaninexpensivewayoftakingtotheroads.Businesspeopleforeignersandfamiliesalikearemakinggooduseofthegrowingindustry.ThefirstcarrentalfirmopenedinShanghaiin1992andnow12carrentalplayersareinthegamewithmorethan11500carsintheirbooks.Thelargestplayer-ShanghaiBashiTourismCarRentalCenteroffersawidevarietyofchoices-deluxesedansminivansstationwagonscoaches.SantanasedansarethebigfavoritE.Firmscanattractenoughcustomersfor70percentoftheircarseverymonth.ThisfigureshootsupduringholidayseasonslikeNationalDayLaborDayandNewYear'sDaywithsomerecording100percentrental.Themajormarketforcerestsinthegrowingpopulationofwhite-collaremployees白领雇员.whocanaffordthenewservicesaidZhuangYumarketingmanagerofShanghaiAngelCarRentalCo.1.Thewordsdeluxesedansminivansandstationwagonsusedinthetextreferto______A.carsinthemakingB.carrentalfirmsC.carsforrentD.carmakers2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?A.70%ofthecarscanberentedoutonholiday.B.70%ofthecustomersarewhite-collaremployees.C.Morefirmsareopenforserviceduringholidayseasons.D.Somefirmsrentoutalltheircarsduringholidayseasons.3.Shanghai'scarrentalindustryisgrowingsofastmainlydueto______A.bettercarssuppliedbyproducersB.fastserviceofferedbycarrentalfirmsC.theincreasingnumberofwhite-collaremployeesD.People'sgrowinginterestintravellingduringholidays
IfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguageyouwillgetanswerslikeShakespeareSamuelJohnsonandWebsterbutnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn'tevenspeakEnglish-WilliamtheConqueror.Before1066inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.Inthewest-centralregionlivedtheWelshwhospokeaCelticlanguageandinthenorthlivedtheScotswhoselanguagethoughnotthesameasWelshwasalsoCeltiC.IntherestofthecountrylivedtheSaxonsactuallyamixtureofAnglosSaxonsandotherGermanicandNordicpeopleswhospokewhatwenowcallAnglo-SaxonorOldEnglishaGermaniclanguagE.IfthisstateofaffairshadlastedEnglishtodaywouldbeclosetoGerman.Butthisstateofaffairsdidnotlast.In1066theNormansledbyWilliamdefeatedtheSaxonsandbegantheirruleoverEnglanD.ForaboutacenturyFrenchbecametheofficiallanguageofEnglandwhileOldEnglishbecamethelanguageofpeasants.AsaresultEnglishwordsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.InsomecasesmodemEnglishevenshowsadistinction区别betweenupper-classFrenchandlower-classAnglo-Saxoninitswords.WeevenhavedifferentwordsforsomefoodsmeatinparticulardependingonwhetheritisstillOutinthefieldsorathomereadytobecookedwhichshowsthefactthattheSaxonpeasantsweredoingthefarmingwhiletheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.WhenAmericansvisitEuropeforthefirsttimetheyusuallyfindGermanymoreforeignthanFrancebecausetheGermantheyseeonsignsandadvertisementsseemsmuchmoredifferentfromEnglishthanFrenchdoes.FewrealizethattheEnglishlanguageisactuallyGermanicinitsbeginningandthattheFrenchinfluencesarealltheresultofoneman'sambition.1.ThetwomajorlanguagesspokeninwhatisnowcalledGreatBritainbefore1066were_____A.WelshandScottishB.NordicandGermanicC.CelticandOldEnglishD.Anglo-SaxonandGermanic2.WhichofthefollowinggroupsofwordsarebyinferencerootedinFrench?A.presidentlawyerbeefB.presidentbreadwaterC.breadfieldsheepD.folkfieldcow3.WhydoesFranceappearlessforeignthanGermanytoAmericansontheirfirstvisittoEurope?A.MostadvertisementsinFranceappearinEnglish.B.TheyknowlittleofthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagE.C.ManyFrenchwordsaresimilartoEnglishones.D.TheyknowFrenchbetterthanGerman.4.Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?A.ThehistoryofGreatBritain.B.ThesimilaritybetweenEnglishandFrench.C.TheruleofEnglandbyWilliamtheConqueror.D.TheFrenchinfluencesontheEnglishlanguagE.
HolidayInnsandMeDonald’sbothsawunmatchedgrowthinthe1960s.Theirgrowthopenedanotherdirectbusinessoperation-franchising特许经营Theseoperationshavethesamegeneralpattern.Thefranchisortheparentcompanyfirstestablishesasuccessfulretail零售business.AtitexpandsitseesaprofitpotentialinofferingotherstherighttoopensimilarbusinessunderitsnamE.theparentcompany’smethodsandmeansofidentificationwithconsumersareincludedinthisright.Theparentcompanysuppliesskillandmaybuildandrentstorestofranchisees.FortheseadvantagesthefranchiseepaysthefranchisoraconsiderablefeE.Howeversomeoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesaredifferent.Byextendingaprovenmarketingmethodaparentcanprofitinseveralways.Firstthefranchisee’spurchasepricegivestheparentanimmediatereturnontheplan.Thenthesaleofsuppliestothefranchiseeprovidesacontinuingsourceofprofits.Asnewbusinessesareaddedandthecompany’sreputationspreadsthevalueofthefranchiseincreasesandsalesoffranchisesbecomeeasier.ThesnowballingeffectcanbedramatiC.Suchgrowthtoobringsintoplaytheeconomiesofscale规模经济.Regionalornationaladvertisingthatmightbefinanciallyimpossibleforafranchisorwith20franchisescouldbeprofitableforonewith40.Theparentthenfindsimmediategainsfromtheopportunitytoexpandmarketsonthebasisofreputationalonewithouthavingtoputupcapitalortaketheriskofowningretailstores.AddedtothisadvantageisalessobviousbutmaterialonE.SkilledresponsibleretailmanagersarerarE.Peoplewhoinvesttheircapitalinfranchisesthroughprobablycomeclosertotheidealthandopaidmanagers.Infactthefranchiseeisanindependentstoreoperatorworkingforthefranchisorbutwithoutanindependent’sfreedomtodropsuppliesatwill.Ofcoursethefactory’scostsofsellingsuppliesareless.Butalsocertainlythefranchiseebuyinggoodsthathavehadbroadconsumeracceptancewillnotcasuallychangesuppliesevenwhenthecontractpermits.Ifthehamburgerisnotwhatthecustomerexpectedtheymaynotreturn.Havingpaidforthegoodwillthefranchiseewon’tthoughtlesslydestroyit.Franchisingmaygiveyoutheideathatasafranchisoryouneedonlyrelaxintherockingchair.FranchisinghoweverhasproblemstobesolveD.1.Franchisingreferstoabusinessoperationinwhichasuccessfulparentcompany___________.A.sellsname-brandgoodstoaprivateinvestor.B.rentsprovenideasandtechniquesforinvestmentC.sellstherighttheguidancetoabusinessunderitsnameD.takesnoadvertisingresponsibilityforindividualinvestors2.TheadvantagesoffranchisingtotheparentcompanyareallthefollowingEXCEPT________.A.animmediateinvestmentreturnB.theownershipofadditionalretailstoresC.theprofitfromthesaleofsuppliesD.thepossibilityofprofitableadvertising3Thepassagemainlytellsthereader_________.A.theadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffranchisingB.thebenefitsoffranchisingtothefranchisorC.theunmatchedeconomicgrowthinthe1960’sD.someregionalandnationalbusinessoperation4.Whatwilltheauthorprobablydiscussafterthelastparagraph?A.Moreadvantagesoffranchising.B.Risksofinvestmentbesidesfranchising.C.ThestandardofconsumeracceptancE.D.Negativeaspectsrelatedtofranchising
Americaisgrowingolder.Fiftyyearsagoonly4outofevery100peopleintheUnitedStateswere65orolder.Today10outofevery100Americansareover65.Theagingofthepopulationwillaffect影响Americansocietyinmanyways-educationmedicineandbusiness.QuietlythegrayingofAmericahasmadeusaverydifferentsociety-oneinwhichpeoplehaveaquitedifferentideaofwhatkindofbehavior行为issuitable合适atvariousages.Aperson'sagenolongertellsyouanythingabouthis/hersocialpositionmarriageorhealth.There'snolongeraparticularyearinwhichonegoestoschoolorgoestoworkorgetsmarriedorstartsafamily.Thesocialclockthatkeptusontimeandtolduswhentogotoschoolgetajoborstopworkingisn'tasstrongasitusedtobE.Itdoesn'tsurpriseustohearofa29-year-olduniversitypresidentora35-year-oldgrandmotherora70-year-oldmanwhohasbecomeafatherforthefirsttimE.Publicideasarechanging.Manypeoplesay‘Iammuchyoungerthanmymother-ormyfather-wasatmyagE.’Noonesays‘Actyourage’anymorE.We'vestoppedlookingwithsurpriseatolderpeoplewhoactinyouthfulways.1ItcanbelearntfromthetextthattheagingofthepopulationinAmerica.A.hasmadepeoplefeelyoungerB.haschangedpeople'ssocialpositionC.haschangedpeople'sunderstandingofageD.hassloweddownthecountry'ssocialdevelopment2.Theunderlinedword‘one’refersto.A.asocietyB.AmericaC.aplaceD.population3.‘Actyourage’meanspeopleshould.A.beactivewhentheyareoldB.dotherightthingattherightageC.showrespectfortheirparentsyoungoroldD.takemorephysicalexercisesuitabletotheirage4.Ifa25-year-oldmanbecomesgeneralmanagerofabigfirmthewriterofthetextwouldmostprobablyconsiderit.A.normalB.wonderfulC.unbelievableD.unreasonable
Alittleboyinvitedhismothertoattendhisschool’sfirstteacher-parentparentmeeting.Tothelittleboy’s1shesaidshewouldgo.This2bethefirsttimethathisclassmatesandteacher3hismotherandhefelt4ofherappearancE.Althoughshewasabeautifulwomantherewasaseverescar疤痕that5nearlytheentirerightsideofherfacE.Theboyneverwantedto6whyorhowshegotthescar.Atthemeetingthepeoplewere7bythekindnessandnaturalbeautyofhismother8thecarbutthelittleboywasstillembarrassed尴尬and9himselffromeveryonE.Hedidhowevergetwithin10ofaconversationbetweenhismotherandhisteacher.Theteacherasked11Howdidyougetthescaronyourface?Themotherreplied12mysonwasababyhewasinaroomthatcaughtfirE.Everyonewas13afraidtogoinbecausethefirewas14soIwentin.AsIwasrunningtowardhisbedIsawaloingpieceofwoodcomingdownandIplacedmyselfoverhimtryingtoprotecthim.Iwasknocked15butfortunatelyafiremancameinandsavedbothofus.She16theburnedsideofherfacE.Thisscarwillbe17buttothisdayIhavenever18whatIdiD.Atthispointthelittleboycameoutrunningtowardhismotherwithtearsinhiseyes.Heheldherinhisarmsandfeltagreat19ofthesacrifice牺牲thathismotherhadmadeforhim.Heheldherhand20fortherestoftheday.1.A.enjoymentB.disappointmentC.surpriseD.excitement2.A.wouldB.couldC.shouldD.must3.A.noticedB.greetedC.acceptedD.met4.A.sickB.ashamedC.afraidD.tired5.A.includedB.passedC.coveredD.shaded6.A.talkaboutB.thinkaboutC.careaboutD.hearabout7.A.impressedB.surprisedC.excitedD.comforted8.A.insightofB.bymeansofC.bywayofD.inspiteof9.A.hidB.protectedC.separatedD.escaped10A.understandingB.remindingC.hearingD.learning11.A.carefullyB.seriouslyC.nervouslyD.anxiously12.A.AsB.WhenC.SinceD.While13.A.soB.muchC.quiteD.too14A.outofcontrolB.undercontrolC.incontrolD.overcontrol15.A.helplessB.hopelessC.senselessD.useless16.A.pointedB.showedC.wipedD.touched17.A.uglyB.lastingC.seriousD.frightening18.A.forgotB.recognizedC.consideredD.regretted19.A.honorB.senseC.happinessD.pride20.A.quietlyB.slightlyC.tightlyD.suddenly
ThereisoneforeignproducttheJapanesearebuyingfasterthanothersanditspopularityhascausedanuneasyfeelingamongmanyJapanesE.Thatproductisforeignwords.Gairaigo－wordsthatcomefromoutside--havebeenpartoftheJapaneselanguageforcenturies.MostlyborrowedfromEnglishandChinesethesetermsareoftenchangedintoformsnolongerunderstoodbynativespeakers.Butinthelastfewyearsthetrickle涓涓细流offoreignwordshasbecomeafloodandpeoplefeartheincreasinguseofforeignwordsismakingithardfortheJapanesetounderstandeachotherandcouldleadtomanypeopleforgettingthegoodqualitiesoftraditional传统的JapanesE.ThepopularityofforeignwordsispartoftheJapaneseinterestinanythingnewsaysuniversitylecturerandwriterTakashiSaito.Byusingaforeignwordyoucanmakeasubjectseemnewwhichmakesiteasierforthemedia媒体topickup.Experts专家oftenstudyabroadanduseEnglishtermswhentheyspeakwithpeopleintheirownfields.ThosetermsarethenincludedingovernmentwhitepaperssaidMuturoKaipresidentoftheNationalLanguageResearchInstitutE.ForeignwordsfindtheirwayeasilyintoannouncementsmadetothegeneralpublicwhentheyshouldreallybeexplainedinJapanesE.AgainsttheflowofnewwordsmanyJapaneseareturningbacktothestudyoftheirownlanguagE.Saito’sJapanesetoBeReadAloudisoneofmanylanguagebooksthatarenowflyingoffbooksellers’shelves.WewereexpectingtosellthebookstoyoungpeoplesaidthewriterbutitturnsouttheyaremorepopularwiththeoldergenerationwhoseemuneasyaboutthefutureofJapanesE.1.WhatadvantagesdoforeignwordshaveovertraditionalJapaneseterms?A.Theideasexpressedinforeignwordssoundnew.B.Foreignwordsarebestsuitedforannouncements.C.ForeignwordsmakenewsubjectseasiertounderstanD.D.Theuseofforeignwordsmakesthemediamorepopular.2.IntheopinionofTakashiSaitoJapanesepeople_________________.A.aregoodatlearningforeignlanguagesB.arewillingtolearnaboutnewthingsC.trustthemediaD.respectexperts3.Whichofthefollowingplaysanimportantpartinthespreadofforeignwords?A.ThemediaandgovernmentpapersB.Best-sellingJapanesetextbooks.C.TheinterestofyoungJapanesE.D.Foreignproductsandexperts.4.ThebookJapanesetoBeReadAloud______________.A.sellsverywellinJapanB.issupportedbythegovernmentC.isquestionedbytheoldgenerationD.causesmisunderstandingamongthereaders
Monarchbutterflies黑脉金斑蝶areacommonsummersightinthenorthernUnitedStatesandCanada.Theselargeorangeandblackinsects昆虫brightenparksandgardensastheyflylightlyamongtheflowers.Whatmakesmonarchsparticularlyinterestingisthattheymigrate迁飞-allthewaytoCaliforniaorMexicoandback.Theyarethoughttobetheonlyinsectthatdoesthis.Everyyearinthelatesummermonarchsbegintheirjourneytothesouth.ThoseheadingforMexicogofirstfortheLouisiana-MississippiareathenflyacrosstheGulfofMexicointoTexas.OnceinMexicotheysettlethemselvesinoneofaboutfifteenplacesinamountainforestfilledwithfirtrees.Eachplaceprovidesawinterhomeformillionsofmonarchs.Thebutterfliesaresomanythattheyoftencoverentiretrees.Whenspringcomestheybegintheirlongjourneynorth.Thequestionisoftenaskedwhethereverybutterflymakestheround-tripjourneyeveryyear.Andtheanswerisno.Theaveragemonarchlivesaboutninemonths.SooneflyingnorthmightlayeggsinLouisianaandthendie.TheeggsofthatgenerationmaybefoundinKentucky;theeggsofthenextgenerationmayendupinWisconsinorMichigan.ThelastgenerationoftheseasonaboutthefourthwillmaketheirwaybacktoMexicoandrestartthejourney.Scientistslearnaboutmonarchs’migrationbycatchingandmakingmarksontheinsects.Byrecatchingamonarchwithsuchamarkandnoticingwhereitcamefromthenextscientistcangettoknowthingslikethebutterfly’sageanditsrouting路线.1.Oneoftheplaceswheremonarchsspendthewinteris.A.theGulfofMexicoB.anareainMississippiC.aforestinMexicoD.aplaininTexas2Theroutingofmonarchs’migrationcanbelearned.A.byexaminingthemarksmadeonthemB.bycollectingtheireggsinthemountainsC.bycomparingtheirdifferentagesD.bycountingthedeadonesintheforests3.Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthepassage?A.Migrationofmonarchs.B.Scientists’interestinmonarchs.C.Winterhomeofmonarchs.D.Lifeanddeathofmonarchs.
Whatisintelligence智力anywayWhenIwasinthearmyI1anintelligencetestthatallsoldierstookandagainst2of100scored160.Ihadanauto-repairmanoncewhoontheseintelligencetestscouldnot3havescoredmorethan80.4whenanythingwentwrongwithmycarIhurriedtohim-andhealways5it.Wellthensupposemyauto-repairman6questionsforsomeintelligencetests.ByeveryoneofthemI'dprovemyselfa7.InaworldwhereIhavetoworkwithmy8I'ddopoorly.Considermyauto-repairman9.Hehadahabitoftelling10.OnetimehesaidDocadeaf-and-dumb聋哑man11somenails.Havingenteredastoreheputtwofingerstogetheronthecounterandmade12movementswiththeotherhanD.Theclerkbroughthimahammer.He13hisheadandpointedtothetwofingershewashammering.Theclerk14himsomenails.Hepickedouttherightsizeandleft.WellDocthe15manwhocameinwasblinD.Hewantedscissors剪刀.16doyousupposeheaskedforthem?Iliftedmyrighthandandmadescissoringmovementswithmyfirsttwofingers.HeburstoutlaughingandsaidWhyyoufoolheusedhis17andaskedforthem.I'vebeen18thatonallmycustomerstodaybutIknew19I'dcatchyou.Whyisthat?IaskeD.BecauseyouaresogoddamnededucatedDoC.Iknewyoucouldn'tbevery20.AndIhaveanuneasyfeelinghehadsomethingtherE.1.A.failedB.wroteC.receivedD.chose2.A.anaverageB.atotalC.anexamD.anumber3.A.alwaysB.possiblyC.certainlyD.frequently4.A.ThenB.ThusC.ThereforeD.Yet5.A.fixedB.checkedC.droveD.changed6.A.answeredB.practisedC.designedD.tried7.A.teacherB.doctorC.winnerD.fool8.A.brainsB.effortC.handsD.attention9.A.againB.asusualC.tooD.aswell10.A.liesB.jokesC.newsD.tales11.A.boughtB.testedC.foundD.needed12.A.cuttingB.hammeringC.wavingD.circling13.A.noddedB.raisedC.shookD.turned14.A.broughtB.packedC.sentD.sold15.A.cleverB.otherC.rightD.next16.A.WhatB.HowC.WhoD.Which17.A.imaginationB.handC.voiceD.information18.A.tryingB.provingC.practisingD.examining19.A.forsureB.atonceC.infactD.rightnow20.A.clearB.sillyC.slowD.smart
Todayroolerskatingiseasyandfun.Butalongtimeagoitwasn'teasyatall.Before1750theideaofskatingdidn'texist.ThatchangedbecauseofamannamedJosephMerlin.Merlin'sworkwasmakingmusicalinstruments.Inhissparetimehelikedtoplaytheviolin.JosephMerlinwasamanofideasanddreams.Peoplecalledhimadreamer.OnedayMerlinaninvitationtoattendafancydressball化装舞会.HewasverypleasedandalittleexciteD.AsthedayofthepartycamenearMerlinbegantothinkhowtomakeagrandentranceattheparty.HehadanideA.Hethoughthewouldgetalotofattentionifhecouldskateintotheroom.Merlintrieddifferentwaystomakehimselfroll.Finallyhedecidedtobuttwo.wheelsundereachshoE.Thesewerethefirstrollerskates.Merlinwaswereproundofhisinventionanddreamedofarrivingatthepartyonwheelswhileplayingtheviolin.OnthenightofpartyMerlinrolledintotheroomplayinghisviolin.Everyonewasastonishedtoseehim.Therewasjustoneproblem.Merlinhadnowasytostophisrollerskates.Herolledonandon.Suddenlyheranintoahugemirrorthatwashangingonthewall.Downfeelthemirrorbreakingtopieces.NobodyforgotMerlin'sgrandentranceforalongtime!1Thetextismainlyabout_____.A.astrangemanB.anunusualpartyC.howrollerskatingbeganD.hospeopleenjoyedthemselvesinthe18thcentury2.PeoplethoughtMerlinwasadreamerbecausehe_____.A.oftengaveotherssurprisesB.wasagiftedmusiianC.inventedtherollerskatesD.wasfullofimagination3Merlinputwheelsunderhisshoesinorderto_____.A.impressthepartyguestsB.arriveatthepartysoonerC.testhisinventionD.showhisskillinwalkingonwheels4.Whatisthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeinthelastparagraph?A.Therollerskatesneededfurtherimprovement.B.ThepartygueststookMerlinforafool.C.Merlinsucceededbeyondexpectation.D.MerlingothimselfintotroublE.
hatcoldJanuarynightIwasgrowingsickofmylifeinSanFrancisco.ThereIwaswalkinghomeatoneinthemorningafteratiringpracticeatthetheatrE.WithopeningnightonlyaweekagoIwasstilllearningmylines.Iwashavingtroubledealingwithmypart-timejobatthebankandmyactingatnightatthesametimE.AsIwalkedIthoughtseriouslyaboutgivingupbothactingandSanFrancisco.CitylifehadbecometoomuchformE.AsIwalkeddownemptystreetsundertallbuildingsIfeltverysmallandcolD.Ibeganrunningbothtokeepwarmandtokeepawayfromanypossiblerobbers抢劫犯.Veryfewpeoplewerestilloutexceptafewsad-lookinghomelesspeopleunderblankets.Aboutablockfrommyapartment公寓房间IheardasoundbehindmE.Iturnedquicklyhalfexpectingtoseesomeonewithaknifeoragun.Thestreetwasempty.AllIsawwasashiningstreetlight.StillthenoisehadmademenervoussoIstartedtorunfaster.NotuntilIreachedmyapartmentbuildingandunlockedthedoordidIrealizewhatthenoisehadbeen.Ithadbeenmywalletfallingtothesidewalk.SuddenlyIwasn’tcoldortiredanymorE.IranoutofthedoorandbacktowhereI’dheardthenoisE.AlthoughIsearchedthesidewalkanxiouslyforfifteenminutesmywalletwasnowheretobefounD.JustasIwasabouttogiveupthesearchIheardthegarbagetruck垃圾车pulluptothesidewalknexttomE.WhenavoicecalledfromtheinsideAlisaCamacho?IthoughtIwasdreaming.Howcouldthismanknowmyname?thedooropenedandoutjumpedasmallred-hairedmanwithanamusedlookinhiseyE.Isthiswhatyou’relookingfor?heaskedholdingupasmallsquareshapE.Itwasnearly3A.M.bythetimeIgotintobeD.Iwouldn’tgetmuchsleepthatnightbutIhadgottenmywalletback.IalsohadgottenbacksomeenjoymentofcitylifE.Irealizedthatthecitycouldn’tbeabadplaceaslongaspeoplewerewellingtohelpeachother.1Howdidthewritefeelwhenshewaswalkinghomeafterwork?A.ColdandsickB.FortunateandhelpfulC.SatisfiedandcheerfulD.Disappointedandhelpless2.Fromthefirstparagraphwelearnthatthewritewasbusy______.A.solvingherproblematthebankB.takingpartinvariouscityactivitiesC.learningactinginaneveningschoolD.preparingforthefirstnightshow3Onherwayhomethewriter_______.A.lostherwalletunknowinglyB.wasstoppedbyagarbagetruckdriverC.wasrobbedofherwalletbyanarmedmanD.foundsomehomelesspeoplefollowingher4.Inthefifthparagraphwhydidthewritersayshewasdreaming?A.SomeoneofferedtotakeherbackhomeB.A.red-hairedmancametoseeher.C.SheheardsomeonecallhernameD.Herwalletwasfoundinagarbagetruck.5.Fromthetextwecaninferthatthewriter_________.A.wouldstopworkingatnightB.wouldstayoninSanFranciscoC.wouldmakefriendswithcleanersD.wouldgiveupherjobatthebank.
MillionsofpeoplevisitYosemiteNationalParkeveryyeartoseethetallwaterfallsandmountains.Thesemountainsareasplendidsightwhenviewedfromthevalleyfloor.Lotsofstoreshotelsandrestaurantsareneededtohandlethecrowds.Alsowaterroadsandotherservicesystemsarepartoftheinfrastructure基础设施thatmustbemaintaineD.Unfortunatelythesesystemsarestartingtobreakdown.It’snotjustinYosemitebutinnationalparksaroundthenation.YosemiteisthirtyyearsoldaccordingtoDennisGalvinaNationalParkServiceworker.TheParkisnotonlyoldbutwornout.Twoorthreetimesasmanyvisitorscomeeveryyear.Thatistoomanyvisitorsfortheparktodealwith.FouryearsagoastormwashedoutawaterpipelineintheGrandCanyon.TheNationalParkServicehadtosendwatertruckstoprovidewaterforthevisitors.LastmonthpipesalmostbrokeagainandroadshadtobeclosedforawhilE.Whyhasn’ttheNationalParkServicekeptuptheparkrepairs?Thereisalackofmoney.TheUnitedStateshas378monumentsparksandwildernessareas.Betweenthreeandfourbilliondollarsareneededforrepairs.Yosemiteisonenationalparkthatdoeshavemoneyforrepairs.Ithastwohundredmilliondollarsbutcannotspenditanywayitchooses.WhentheparkworkersstartedwideningtheroadtheywereforcedtostopbytheSierraCluB.TheclubclaimedthattheroadworkwasdamagingtheMercedRiverthatrunsthroughthepark.AsierraClublawyerJuliaOlsonfeelsthattheinfrastructureneedstobemovedoutofYosemitE.Thatwaylesspressurewillbeputonthealreadycrowdedpark.1.AccordingtothetextthemountainsinYosemitelookmostsplendidwhentheyareappreciatedfrom______.A.thebottomofthevalleysB.thetopofthemountainsC.thesideofthemountainsD.theedgeofthevalleys2.NationalparkslikeYosemiteintheU.S.finditincreasinglydifficulttomeettheneedofvisitorsbecause______.A.theirtransportmanagementneedsimprovingB.theyspendtoomuchontheirservicesystemsC.theirservicesystemsfrequentlygooutoforderD.theyneedhelpfromenvironmentalorganizations3.ThemainproblemofYosemiteNationalParkisits______.A.rundownwaterpipesB.overcrowdednessC.lackofmoneyD.narrowroads4.AccordingtothetexttheSierraClubismostlikelytobe______.A.anenvironmentalgroupB.aninformationcenterC.atravelserviceD.alawfirm
ItwasanearlySeptemberdaycoolandbrightandjustrightforrunningandIwasinthefirstfewmilesofa10-mileraceoveracourse路线withafewhighhills.StillIfeltenergetic;despitethehillsitwasgoingtobeafinerun.JustaheadofmewasPeggyMimnoateacherfromMountKiseoNewYork.ShetoowasrunningeasilymovingalongatmyspeeD.Thepace步速feltcomfortablesoIdecidedtostaywhereIwas;whypayattentiontopacewhenshewassettingsuchaniceone?I’dovertake追上herlateronwhenshetireD.SoIranbehindher.ThecourseheadednorthformileswanderedwestforahillymilethenturnedsouthagainalongawindingroaD.Theracewasgettingharder.Wehadfourmilesleftandalreadyitwasbeginningtoberealwork.Peggyovertookayoungrunner.Sheseemedtoknownhimfortheyexchangedafewcheerfulwordsasshepassedhim.TheirexchangeworriedmE.Youdon’tchatduringaraceunlessyoufeelinggoodandPeggyplainlywas.StillIwascloseenoughtoovertakeherifshetiredsoIdidn’tgiveuphopecompletely.Weweregettingnearertoalongpunishinghillnowanditwouldbethetest.Wewereamilefromthefinishlinesowhateverhappenedonthehillwouldalmostdeterminewhocrosseditfirst.AsImovedupthehillmyattentionwanderedforafewminutes.WhenIlookedupPeggywasmovingaway-firstfiveyardsthententhenmorE.Finallyitwasclearthattherewasnohelpofcatchingher.Shebeatmesoundly.ThereisanimportantlessoninthatracE.Womenarethoughttobeweakerslowerandnotnearlyasskilledinsport.YetasPeggyMimnosoclearlyshowedthesimilaritiesbetweenmenandwomenrunnersaremoreimportantthandifferences.IhaverunwithanumberofwomenandIcansayitisoftenhardwork..1.Whatdidthewriterthinkoftheraceinthebeginning?A.Itwouldbehardwork.B.ItwouldbeaneasyracE.C.Itwouldbeatestofhisstrength.D.ItwouldbeagoodlearningexperiencE.2WhatworriedthewriterwhenPeggygreetedtheyoungrunner?A.Peggyovertooktheyoungrunner.B.Peggywasrunningenergetically.C.Peggywaslaughingasthewriter.D.Peggypaidnoattentiontothewriter.3Bysayingalongpunishinghillparagraph5thewriterimpliesthat______.A.PeggywouldfailtoreachthehilltopB.menaremoreskilledatclimbinghillsC.overtakingPeggywouldbeeasyD.climbingthehillwouldbeademandingtask4.Whatlessondosethewriterlearnfromtherace:A.Womenareasgoodasmeninsport.B.Womenarebetteratclimbinghills.C.Heshouldhavemoretraininginacross-countryracE.D.HeshouldsetaquickerpaceatthebeginningofaracE.
WelcometoAdventureland!EveryonelovesAdventureland!TheParksandExhibitionswerebuiltforyoutoexplore探索enjoyandadmiretheirwonders.EveryvisitwillbeanunforgettableexperiencE.Youwillgoawayenrichedlongingtocomeback.Whatareyougoingtodothistime?TheTravelPavilionExploreplacesyouhaveneverbeentobeforeandexperiencedifferentwaysoflifE.VisittheAmazonjungle丛林villagetheTurkishmarkettheTaifloatingmarkettheBerbermountainhouseandothers.TalktothepeopletherewhowilltellyouabouttheirlivesandthingstheymakE.YoucantrymakingacarpetmakingnetsfishingTheFutureTowerThisexhibitionshowshowprogresswilltouchourlives.Itallowsustolookintothefutureandexplorethecitiesofthenextcenturyandthewaywe’llbelivingthen.Spendsometimeinourspacestationandclimbintooursimulator模拟装置fortheJourneytoMars!TheNatureParkThisisnotreallyoneparkbutseveral.IntheSafariParkyoucandriveamongAfricananimalsinoneofourRangeCruisers:seelionsgiraffeselephantsinthewilD.MoveontotheOceanParktowatchthedolphinsandwhales.AndthenthereisstilltheAviarytoseeThePyramidThisisthecenterofAdventurelanD.Runoutoffilmneedsomepostcardsandstamps?Forallthesethingsandmanymorevisitourundergroundshoppingcenter.Comehereforinformationandideastoo.1.TheTravelPavilionisbuilttohelpvisitors.A.realizetheimportanceoftravellingB.becomefamiliarwithmountaincountriesC.learnhowtomakethingssuchasfishingnetsD.learnsomethingaboutdifferentplacesintheworld2.Ifyouareinterestedinknowingaboutwhatpeople’slifewillbeyoumayvisit.A.theTravelPavilionB.theFutureTowerC.theSafariParkD.thePyramid3.Ifyouwanttogetatoyliontotakehomewherewillyoumostlikelygo?A.ThePyramiD.B.TheNaturePark.C.TheFutureTower.D.TheTravelPavilion.
TristandaCunhaa38-square-mileislandisthefarthestinhabitedislandintheworldaccordingtotheGuinnessBookofRecords.Itis1510milessouthwestofitsnearestneighborSt.Helenaand1950mileswestofAfricA.DiscoveredbythePortugueseadmiral葡萄牙海军上将ofthesamenamein1506andsettledin1810theislandbelongstoGreatBritainandhasapopulationofafewhundreD.Cominginaclosesecond--andoftenwronglymentionedasthemostdistantland－isEasterIslandwhichlies1260mileseastofitsnearestneighborPitcairnIslandand2300mileswestofSouthAmericA.Themountainous64-square-mileislandwassettledaroundthe5thcenturysupposedlybypeoplewhowerelostatseA.Theyhadnoconnectionwiththeoutsideworldformorethanathousandyearsgivingthemplentyoftimetobuildmorethan1000hugestonefigurescalledmoaiforwhichtheislandismostfamous.OnEasterSunday1772howeversettlersfromHollandmovedinandgavetheislanditsnamE.Today2000peopleliveontheChileanterritory智利领土.Theyshareonstreetasmallairportandafewhoursoftelevisionperday.1.ItcanbelearnedfromthetextthattheislandofTristandaCunha_____________.A.wasnamedafteritsdiscovererB.gotitsnamefromHollandsettlersC.wasnamedbytheBritishgovernmentD.gotitsnamefromtheGuinnessBookofRecords2.Whichofthefollowingismostfamousformoai?A.TristandaCunhA.B.PitcairnIslanD.C.EasterIslanD.D.St.HelenA.3.WhichcountrydoesEasterIslandbelong?A.Britain.B.HollanD.C.Portugal.D.ChilE.
Artmuseumsareplaceswherepeoplecanlearnaboutvariouscultures文化.Theincreasinglypopulardesignmuseumsthatareopeningtodayhoweverperformquiteadifferentrole.Unlikemostartmuseumsthedesignmuseumshowsobjectsthatareeasilyfoundbythegeneralpublic.Thesemuseumssometimesevenplacethingslikefridgesandwashingmachinesinthecenterofthehall.Peoplehavearguedthatdesignmuseumsareoftenmadeuseofasadvertisementsfornewindustrialtechnology.Buttheirroleisnotsimplyamatterofsales-itisthehonoringofexcellentlyinventedproducts.Thedifferencebetweenthewindowofadepartmentstoreandtheshowcaseinadesignmuseumisthatthefirsttriestosellyousomethingwhilethesecondtellsyouthesuccessofasale.Oneadvantageofdesignmuseumsisthattheyareplaceswherepeoplefeelfamiliarwiththeexhibits.Unliketheaverageartmuseumvisitorsdesignmuseumvisitorsseldomfeelfrightenedorpuzzled困惑.Thisispartlybecausedesignmuseumsclearlyshowhowandwhymass-producedproductsworkandlookastheydoandhowdesignhasimprovedthequalityofourlives.Artmuseumexhibitsontheotherhandwouldmostprobablyfillvisitorswithafeelingthatthereissomethingbeyondtheirunderstanding.Inrecentyearsseveralnewdesignmuseumshaveopenedtheirdoors.Eachofthesemuseumshastriedtosatisfythepublic’sgrowinginterestinthefieldwithnewideas.London’sDesignMuseumforexampleshowsacollectionofmass-producedobjectsfromZippolighterstoelectrictypewriterstoagroupofItalianfish-tins.Thechoicesopentodesignmuseumsseemfarlessstrictthanthosetoartmuseumsandvisitorsmayalsosensethehumorous幽默的partofoursocietywhilewalkingaroundsuchexhibitsasinterestingandunusuallyattractivetoyscollectedinoureverydaylife.1.Showcasesindesignmuseumsaredifferentfromstorewindowsbecausethey.A.showmoretechnologicallyadvancedproductsB.helpincreasethesalesofproductsC.showwhytheproductshavesoldwellD.attractmorepeoplethanstorewindowsdo2.Theauthorbelievesthatmostdesignmuseumvisitors.A.donotadmiremass-producedproductsB.arepuzzledwithtechnologicalexhibitsC.dislikeexhibitsinartmuseumsD.knowtheexhibitsverywell3Thechoicesopentodesignmuseums.A.arenotasstrictasthosetoartmuseumsB.arenotaimedtointerestthepublicC.mayfailtobringsomepleasuretovisitorsD.oftencontainpreciousexhibits4.Thebesttitleforthispassageis.A.TheformsofdesignmuseumsB.TheexhibitsofdesignmuseumsC.ThenatureofdesignmuseumsD.Thechoicesopentodesignmuseums
IncreasinglyAmericansarebecomingtheirowndoctorsbygoingonlinetodiagnosetheirsymptomsorderhomehealthtestsormedicaldevicesorevenself-treattheirillnesseswithdrugsfromInternetpharmacies药店.SomeavoiddoctorsbecauseofthehighcostofmedicalcareespeciallyiftheylackhealthinsurancE.Ortheymaystaybecausetheyfinditembarrassingtodiscusstheirweightalcoholconsumptionorcouchpotatohabits.Patientsmayalsofearwhattheymightlearnabouttheirhealthortheydistrustphysiciansbecauseofnegativeexperiencesinthepast.ButplayingdoctorcanalsobeadeadlygamE.EverydaymorethansixmillionAmericansturntotheInternetformedicalanswers-mostofthemaren’tnearlyskepticalenoughofwhattheyfinD.A.2002surveybythePewInternet&AmericanLifeProjectfoundthat72percentofthosesurveyedbelieveallormostofwhattheyreadonhealthwebsites.Theyshouldn’t.LookupheadacheandthechancesoffindingreliableandcompleteinformationfreefromamotivationforcommercialgainareonlyoneintenreportsanApril2005BrownMedicalSchoolstudy.Ofthe169websitestheresearchersratedonly16scoredashighquality.RecentstudiesfoundfaultyfactsaboutallsortsofotherdisorderscausingoneresearchteamtowarnthatalargeamountofincompleteinaccurateandevendangerousinformationexistsontheInternet.Theproblemismostpeopledon’tknowthesafewaytosurftheWeB.TheyuseasearchenginelikeGoogleget18trillionchoicesandstartclicking.Butthat’sriskybecausealmostanybodycanputupasitethatlooksauthoritative权威的soit’dhardtoknowifwhatyou’rereadingisreasonableornotsaysDr.SarahBassfromtheNationalCancerInstitutE.1.AccordingtothetextanincreasingnumberofAmerican_____.A.aresufferingfrommentaldisordersB.turntoInternetpharmaciesforhelpC.liketoplaydeadlygameswithdoctorsD.areskepticalaboutsurfingmedicalwebsites2.SomeAmericansstayawayfromdoctorsbecausethey_____.A.findmedicaldeviceseasytooperateB.prefertobediagnosedonlinebydoctorsC.areafraidtofacethetruthoftheirhealthD.areafraidtomisusetheirhealthinsurance3.AccordingtothestudyofBrownMedicalSchool______.A.morethan6millionAmericansdistrustdoctorsB.only1/10ofmedicalwebsitesaimtomakeaprofitC.about1/10ofthewebsitessurveyedareofhighqualityD.72%ofhealthwebsitesofferincompleteandfaultyfacts4.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor’smainargument?A.It’scheaptoself-treatyourownillness.B.It’sembarrassingtodiscussyourbadhabits.C.It’sreasonabletoputupamedicalwebsitE.D.It’sdangeroustobeyourowndoctor.
AdevicethatstopsdriversfromfallingasleepatthewheelisabouttoundergotestingatDepartmentofTransportlaboratoriesandcouldgoonsalewithin12months.ThesystemcalledDriverAlertaimstoreducedeadlyroadaccidentsby20%-40%thatarecausedbytiredness.Airlinepilotscanalsouseittoreducethe30%ofallpilot-erroraccidentsthatarerelatedtofatiguE.DriverAlertisbasedonacomputerizedwristbanD.Thedevicewornbydriversorpilotsgivesoutasoundabouteveryfourminutesduringacarjourney.Aftereachsoundthedrivermustrespondbysqueezingthesteeringwheel方向盘.A.sensorinthewristbanddetectsthispressingactionandmeasuresthetimebetweenthesoundthedriver’sresponsE.Tirednessisdirectlyrelatedtoadriver’sresponsetimE.Usuallyawatchfuldriverwouldtakeabout400millisecondstorespondbutoncethatfallstomorethan500millisecondsitsuggeststhatthedriverisgettingsleepy.Insuchcasesthedevicegivesoutmoreregularandloudersoundsshowingthatthedrivershouldopenawindoworstopforarest.Ifthedriver’sresponsecontinuestoslowdownthesoundsbecomemorefrequentuntilanonstopalarmwarnsthatthedrivermuststopassoonaspossiblE.Thedevicehasbeendeliveredtothedepartment’slaboratoriesfortesting.Ifthesetestsscheduledforsixmonths’timearesuccessfulthemakerswillbringtheproducttomarketwithinaboutayear.1.AccordingtothetextDriverAlert______.A.aimstoreducetiredness-relatedaccidentsB.hasgonethroughtestingatlaboratoriesC.aimstopreventdriversformsleepingD.hasbeenonsalefor12months2.HowshouldadriverrespondtothesoundsfromDriverAlert?A.Bysoundingawarning.B.BytouchingthewristbanD.C.BycheckingthedrivingtimE.D.Bypressingthesteeringwheel.3.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatthedriverneedstostopforabreakwhenhisresponsetimeis______.A.about400millisecondsB.below500millisecondsC.over600millisecondsD.about4minutes4.WhenthedrivergetssleepywhiledrivingDriverAlert______.A.movesmoreregularlyB.stopsworkingproperlyC.opensthewindowforthedriverD.soundsmorefrequentlyandloudly
LouisPasteurthefamousFrenchchemistandbacteriologistinventedpasteurization.In1854PasteurwasmadeheadofthedepartmentofscienceattheUniversityofLilleanditwastherethathemadeoneofhismostfamousdiscoveries.Lillewasamajorcentreforwineandbeer-makingandsomeofthelocalwine-makersaskedPasteurifhecouldhelpsolvetheproblemofkeepingwinefresh.Atthattimeitwasbelievedthatfoodanddrinksgobadduetoapurelychemicalprocess变化过程.ButduringaseriesofexperimentsPasteurprovedthattinylivingorganisms微生物causedfoodanddrinkstogobadInthecaseofwineandbeertheorganismsarealreadypresentin'theformofthevariousyeasts酵母thatcausedthefermentation发酵process.Pasteurdiscoveredthatheatingthewinegentlyforafewminutesafterithadfermentedwouldkillofftheyeastthatwasleftinthewinewiththeresultthatthewinewouldremainfreshformuchlonger.Healsoprovedthatfoodanddrinkscouldbeturnedbadbyotherorganismsthatwerepresentintheairandthattheytoowouldkeepfreshmuchlongeriftheywerekeptinairtightcontainers.TheheatingprocesswassosuccessfulthatitmadePasteurfamous.Itwasnamedpasteurizationinhishonourandbyabout1900ithadbeenwidelyusedforprocessingandbottlingcows'milk.Theresultwasahugedropinthenumberofbottle-fedbabiesdyingfrominfantdiarrhea婴儿腹泻andfromthattimeonithasbeenastandardtreatmentformilkandmanyotherfoodproducts.ThissimpleprocesshassavedthousandspossiblymillionsoflivesworldwidE.1Pasteurbecamein1854.A.thechairpersonofthesciencedepartmentattheUniversityofLilleB.thedirectorofachemicallaboratoryattheUniversityofLilleC.thegeneralmanagerofalargebeer-makingcompanyD.thepresidentoftheUniversityofLille2AccordingtothepassageLillewasamajorcentreforinthemid-19thcentury.A.growinggraincropsB.makingbeerandwineC.doingchemicalresearchD.producingvariouskindsofyeasts3Inthelastsentenceofparagraph1theunderlinedwordtheyrefersto______.A.wineandbeerB.foodanddrinksC.thevariousyeastsD.otherorganisms4.WecaninferfromthepassagethatPasteur'sdiscovery______.A.isnolongerwidelyusedfortreatingmilkandotherfoodproductsB.didnotbringmuchprofittothewinemakersinLilleC.hasdonealotofgoodtochildcareintheworldD.hasgreatlyreducedthenumberofwarsintheworld
Aspricesandbuildingcostskeeprisingthedo-it-yourselfDIYtrend趋势intheU.S.continuestogrow.Weneededfurniture家具forourlivingroomsaysJohnRossandwejustdidn'thaveenoughmoneytobuyit.Sowedecidedtotrymakingafewtablesandchairs.Johngotmarriedsixmonthsagoandlikemanyyoungpeoplethesedaystheyarestrugglingtomakeahomeatatimewhenthecostoflivingisveryhigh.TheRossestooka2-weekcoursefor$280atanightschool.NowtheybuildalltheirfurnitureandmakerepairsaroundthehousE.JimHatfieldhasthreeboysandhiswifedieD.Hshasafull-timejobathomeaswellasinashoemakingfactory.Lastmonthhereceivedacarrepairbillfor$420.Iwasdeeplyupsetaboutit.NowI'vefinishedacarrepaircourseIshouldbeabletofixthecarbymyself.JohnandJimarenotunusualpeoplE.Mostfamiliesinthecountryaredoingeverythingtheycantosavemoneysothecanfightthehighcostofliving.Ifyouwanttobecomeado-it-yourselferyoucangotoDIYcalsses.Andforthosewhodon'thavetimetotakeacoursetherearebooksthattellyouhowyoucandothingsyourself.1Wecanlearnfromthetextthatmanynewlymarriedpeople_____.A.findithardtopayforwhattheyneedB.havetolearntomaketheirownfurnitureC.takeDIYcoursesrunbythegovernmentD.seldomgotoadepartmentstoretobuythings2.Johnandhiswifewenttoeveningclassestolearnhowto_____.A.runaDIYshopB.makeorrepairthingsC.savetimeandmoneyD.improvethequalityoflife3.WhenthewritersaysthatJimhasafull-timejobathomehemeansJim_____.A.makesshoesinhishomeB.doesextraworkatnightC.doeshisowncarandhomerepairsD.keepshouseandlooksafterhischildren4JimHatfielddecidedtobecomeado-ityourselferwhen_____.A.hiscarrepairscosttoomuchB.thecarrepairclasswasnothelpfulC.hecouldnopossibledotwojobsD.hehadtoraisethechildrenallbyhimself5.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.theJoyofDIYB.YouCanDoItToo!C.WelcometoOurDIYCourse!D.RossandHatfield:BelieversinDIY.
Withagoodshoppingpositionandtherightamount数量ofmoneyanyeducatedpersonoughttobeabletomakealivingoutofabookshop.Itisnotadifficulttradetolearnandthelargechain-storescanneverforcethesmallbookselleroutofexistenceastheyhavedonetothecornershop.Butthehoursofworkareverylong-Iwasonlydoingapart-timejobbutmybossputinaseventy-hourweekbesidesregularjourneysoutofshoppinghourstobuybooks.TherealreasonwhyIshouldnotliketobebackinthebooktradeforlifehoweveristhatwhileIwasinitIlostmyloveofbooks.A.booksellercannotalwaystellthetruthabouthisbooksandthatgiveshimadislikeforthem.TherewasatimewhenIreallydidlovebooks-lovedthesightandsmellandfeelofthem-iftheywerefiftyormoreyearsoldthatis.Nothingpleasedmequitesomuchastobuyabargainlotofthemonsaleforseveralpounds.Thereisapeculiarflavour独特的味道abouttheunexpectedbooksyoupickupinthatkindofcollection:little-knowneighteenth-centurypoetsorout-of-dategeographybooks.Foroccasional偶尔的reading-inyourbathforexampleorlateatnightwhenyouaretootiredtogotobed-thereisnothingasgoodasaveryoldpicturestory-book.ButassoonasIwenttoworkinthebookshopIstoppedbuyingbooks.Seeninamass.fiveortenthousandatatimebooksweredullandevenalittletiresome.NowadaysIdobuyoneoccasionallybutonlyifitisabookthatIwanttoreadandcan’tborrowandIneverbuyrubbish.1Accordingtothepassageisoneofthenecessaryconditionstorunabookshop.A.aneducatedshop-ownerB.agoodpositionatastreetcornerC.aregularjourneyoutoftheshopD.theforceoflargechain-stores2Theauthorshouldnotliketobebackasabooksellerforlifebecause.A.hehatedhisjobofsellingbooksB.sellingbookswasonlyapart-timejobC.thebooksintheshopgavehimadislikeD.hewasunabletobehonestaboutthebookshesold3Thebookspreferredbytheauthorshouldbethose.A.storiesmakingreaderssleeplessB.valuableonesboughtonsaleC.peculiaroneswithgreatexpectationD.geographyonesfromtheeighteenthcentury4Theauthorwillonlybuynewbooks.A.ifhefeelsdullandtiredB.afterhegivesuphisjobasabooksellerC.whichareinterestingbuthardtoborrowD.whenhethrowsawayoldones
CentralParkOutsideamongthetreeswatchthewildlife-boththehumanandanimalvarieties.Call212360-3465or212360-2726foreventsandtours.CentralParkstretchesfrom59thto110thSts.andfrom5thAvE.toCentralPark.West.EmpireStatebuildingThisisamongthemoststrikingbuildinginthecitythenationeventheworlD.Theobservationdock瞭望台onthe86thfloorisopentogeneralpublicofferingawonderfulviewofthesecondflooryou’llfindtheNewYorkSkyrideasimulated模拟的helicopterridE.OverManhattan.5thAvc.at34thSt.Midtown/212736-3100.IntrepidSea-Air-SpaceMuseumFiveblockswestofTimeSquarethismuseumhashundredsofairdeep-seaandspaceexhibits.Walkthefightdeckofthe900-foot-longaircraftcarrierIntrepidseedozensofoldandmodernaircraftandridetheIntrepidNavyFlightSimulator.Pier86W.46thSt.and12thAvE./212245-0072.MadisonSquareGarden.Ifit’sbigitprobablyhappensattheGarden.CheckoutsportingeventsconcertsandmuchmorE.ToursareavailablE.7thAvebtwn.31thand33thSts.Midtown/212465-6741.1TheNewYorkSkyrideisfor_______.A.sightseeingB.fighttrainingC.modelplane-sportsD.citytransportation2.Ifavisitorisinterestedinmusichewillprobablygoto_______.A.CentralParkB.EmpireStateBuildingC.IntrepidSea-Air-SpaceMuseumD.MadisonSquareGarden3Whatisthepurposeofthesetexts?A.ToprovideinformationoflivinginNewYork.B.ToprovidedirectionsofcitytrafficinNewYork.C.TogivevisitorsaguidetoNewYork.D.TogiveabriefintroductiontothehistoryofNewYork.
Wewalkedinsoquietlythatthenurseatthedeskdidn'tevenlifthereyesfromthebook.MumpointedatabigchairbythedoorandIknewshewantedmetositdown.WhileIwatchedmouthopenissurpriseMumtookoffherhatandcoatandgavethemtometoholD.Shewalkedquietlytothesmallroombytheliftandtookoutawetmop.ShepushedthemoppastthedeskandasthenurselookedupMumnoddedandsaidVerydirtyfloors.YesI'mgladthey'vefinallydecidedtocleanthemthenurseanswereD.ShelookedatMumstrangelyandsaidButaren'tyouworkinglate?Mumjustpushedhardereachswipe拖一下ofthemoptakingherfartherandfartherdownthehall.Iwatcheduntilshewasoutofsightandthenursehadturnedbacktowritinginthebigbook.AfteralongtimeMumcameback.Hereyeswereshining.ShequicklyputthemopbackandtookmyhanD.AsweturnedtogooutofthedoorMumbowedpolitelytothenurseandsaidThankyou.OutsideMumtoldmeDagmarisfinE.Nofever.YousawherMum?OfcoursE.Itoldheraboutthehospitalrulesandshewillnotexpectusuntiltomorrow.Dadwillstopworryingaswell.It'safinehospital.Butsuchfloors!AmopisnogooD.Youneedabrush.1.WhenshetookamopfromthesmallroomwhatMumreallywantedtodowas.A.tocleanthefloorB.topleasethenurseB.toseeapatientD.tosurprisethestory-teller2.WhenthenursetalkedtoMumshethoughtMumwasa.A.nurseB.visitorC.patientD.cleaner3Afterreadingthestorywhatcanweinferaboutthehospital?A.Itisachildren'shospital.B.Ithasstrictrulesaboutvisitinghours.C.Theconditionstherearen'tverygooD.D.Thenursesanddoctorstheredon'tworkharD.4FromthetextweknowthatDagmarismostlikelyA.thestory-teller'ssisterB.Mum'sfriendC.thestory-teller'sclassmateD.Dad'sboss5WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesMum?A.strangeB.warm-heartedC.cleverD.hard-working
FarmerEdRawlingssmilesashelooksathisorangetrees.TheyoungorangesaregrowingwellinFlorida'sweather.WarmsunshineandgentlerainsalongwithEdRawlings'expertcarewillproduceagoodcropoforangesthisyear.ButEdhastofightagainstFlorida'schangeablewinterweather.InJanuaryandFebruarytemperaturescandestroyEd'sentireorangecrop.HavingfarmedinFloridaforthepast35yearsEdRawlingsispreparedforthefrosts霜.WhentemperaturesdropbelowfreezingEdtriestosavehiscropbywateringhisorangetrees.Thewaterfreezesandformsathinlayer层oficeonthetrees.Strangeasitmaysoundthisthinlayeroficeactuallykeepsthefruitwarm.WhathappensissimplE.WhenthetreesarewateredthewaterlosesheatandbecomesicE.Thewarmthoftheheatitlosesissuckedinbythefruitandkeepsitstemperatureatasafelevel.EdRawlingshaseffectivelyusedthismethod方法tosavemanyorangecrops.ButEdstillfacessomedifficulties.Thetreesshouldbewateredattheexactmomentthetemperaturedropstothefreezingpoint.AlsojusttherightquantityofwatermustbeuseD.Toomuchwatercanformathicklayeroficethatwillbreakthetrees'branches.Anotherdifficultyisthatwindblowsawaytheheat.SoEdhastoworryaboutnotonlywhenbutalsohowoftenhistreesshouldbewateredandhowmuchwatershouldbeuseD.ComputertechnologymayhelpEdRawlingswithsomeoftheseworries.WithequipmentairandsoiltemperaturesandwindspeedcanbemeasureD.Theinformationisfedintoacomputerwhichcantellwhentemperaturesdroptofreezing.ThecomputercancorrectlydecidethequantityofwatertobeusedandhowfrequentlythetreesshouldbewatereD.EdRawlingswillfindlookingafterhisorangetreesaloteasierwiththehelpofacomputerandwe'llallhavethebenefitsoradvantagesofcomputer-ageoranges.1.Thepassageismainlyabout.A.afarmer'sexpertcareforhisorangetreesB.thedifferentusesofcomputersC.growingorangesinFlorida'schangeableweatherD.differentwaysoffrostprotection2.Edtriedtoprotecthiscropby.A.usingawindmachinetodriveawaythecoldairB.equippinghisorangetreeswithacomputerC.wateringitatthepropertimeD.pickinghisfruitatthefirstsignoffrost3Inthewriter'seyescomputers.A.aretooexpensiveforsmallfarmersB.canbeavaluabletoolforthefarmerC.canbeusedtohelporangesgrowbiggerD.cannottaketheplaceofthefarmer'sexperienceandjudgement4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTNECESSARYforEdRawlingstodo?A.Heshouldwatertheorangetreesassoonasthetemperaturedropstothefreezingpoint.B.Heshoulddecidethequantityofwaterfortheorangetrees.C.HehastowatertheorangetreesmoreofteninJanuaryandFebruary.D.Hehastojudgehowoftenheshouldwatertheorangetrees.5.Accordingtothepassagethecomputertechnologycan.A.getridoftheneedforfrostprotectionB.helpthefarmergetabetterharvestC.tellthefarmerwhyoutdoortemperaturechangesD.preventthetemperaturefromdroppingtothefreezingpoint
LONDONReuters-Organicfruitdeliveredrighttothedoorstep.ThatiswhatGabrielGoldprefersandheiswillingtopayforit.Ifthisisnotpossiblethe26-year-oldcomputertechnicianwillspendtheextramoneyatthesupermarkettobuyorganicfooD.OrganicproduceisalwaysbetterGoldsaiD.Thefoodisfreeofpesticides农药andyouaregenerallysupportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms.Andmoreoftenthannotitislocally本地grownandseasonalsoitismoretasty.GoldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrendandsupermarketsacrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness.Buthowmanyshoppersreallyknowwhattheyaregettingandwhyaretheywillingtopayahigherpricefororganicproduce?MarketresearchshowsthatGoldandotherswhobuyorganicfoodcangenerallygiveclearreasonsfortheirpreferences-buttheirknowledgeoforganicfoodisfarfromcompletE.Forexamplesmallamountsofpesticidescanbeusedonorganicproducts.AndaboutthreequartersoforganicfoodinBritainisnotlocalbutimported进口tomeetgrowingdemanD.Thedemandfororganicfoodisincreasingbyaboutonethirdeveryyearsoitisaveryfast-growingmarketsaidSueFlockaspecialistinthislineofbusiness.1.MoreandmorepeopleinBritainarebuyingorganicfoodbecause____.A.theyaregettingricherB.theycangetthefoodanywhereC.theyconsiderthefoodfreeofpollutionD.theylikehome-grownfruit2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistruetothefactsaboutmostorganicproducesoldinBritainA.ItgrowsindoorsallyearrounD.B.ItisproducedoutsideBritain.C.Itisgrownonfamilyfarms.D.Itisproducedonlargefarms.3.WhatisthemeaningoftheorganictrendasthewordsareusedinthetextA.growinginterestinorganicfoodB.betterqualityoforganicfoodC.risingmarketfororganicfoodD.higherpricesoforganicfood4.WhatisthebesttitleforthisnewsstoryA.Organicfood-healthyorjustforthewealthyB.ThemakingoforganicfoodinBritainC.Organicfood-toimportornotD.Goodqualitiesoforganicfood
Soonyou’regoingtohavetomoveout!criedmyneighboruponseeingthelargesttomatoplantknowntomankindoratleastknowninmyneighborhooD.Onetiny9-inchplantboughtfor$1.25inthespringhasalreadytakenovermuchofmyrosebedcoveringmuchofotherplantsandiswellonitswaytothefrontdoor.Rosesrequireagooddealofcareandifitweren’tforthepleasuretheygiveitwouldn’tbeworththework.AsitisIhaveagardenfullofsweet-smellingrosesformostoftheyear.bushesmustbepruned剪枝inearlyspringleavinguglywoodybranchesuntilthenewgrowthappearsafewweekslater.Itwasthespaceavailable可用的inthegardenthatledmeintoplantingjustonelittletomatoplant.A.bigmistakE.Soilconditionsmadejustperfectforrosesturnoutbeevenmoreperfectfortomatoes.Thedailywateringcoupledwithfullsunandregularfertilizing施肥haveturnedthelittleplantintoatallbush.ThecageIplacedarounditastheplantgrewhaslongsincedisappearedunderthethickleaves.NowthetaskIfaceinharvestingthefruitistwofold;FirstIhavetofindtheredonesamongtheleaveswhichmeansIalmosthavetostandonmyheadandoncefoundIhavetoreachdownandunderpickthetomatoesandwithdraw缩回myfullfistwithoutdroppingtheprizesodearlywon.Ifoundtwofull-blownwhiterosescompletelyhiddenasIpickedtomatoesinJunE.Buttheywereweakandtheleavesalreadyyellowforlackoflight.HereIamfacedwithapainfulsmalldecision:Totearupawonderfulandproductivetomatoplantthatoffersupbetweentenandtwentyripesweettomatoeseachdayorsaygoodbyetoseveralexpensiveandtreasuredroses.LikeScarlettinGoneWiththeWindI’llthinkaboutthattomorrow.1.Whatatetherequirementsforthehealthygrowthofrose?A.Alotofcareandtherightsoil.B.Frequentpruningandfertilizing.C.TomatoplantsgrownalongsidE.D.Cagesplacedaroundtheroots.2.Thewriterplantedthetomatobecause_________.A.itcostonly$1.25B.thesoilwasjustrightforitC.therewasroomforitinthegardenD.theroses’branchesneededtobecovered3.Thisyearthewriter’sroseswere__________.A.removedfromtherosebedB.pickedalongwiththetomatoesC.mostlydamagedbytoomuchsunlightD.largelyhiddenunderthetomatoplant4.Bysayingtheprizesodearlywoninparagraph5thewriterwantsto________.A.showthedifficultyinpickingthetomatoesB.showthehardshipofgrowingtherosesC.expressherlikingfortherosesD.expresshercareforthetomatoes5.Inthesituationdescribedinthetextonegoodthingisthat________.A.therosescostthewriterlittlemoneyB.thewriterhasadailyharvestoftomatoesC.someonewillhelpthewritermakethedecisionD.thewritercannowenjoyboththerosesandtomatoes
Haveyoueverhadthestrangefeelingthatyouwerebeingwatched?Youturnedaroundandsureenoughsomeonewaslookingrightatyou!Parapsychologists灵学家saythathumanshaveanaturalabilitytosensewhensomeoneislookingatthem.ToresearchwhethersuchasixthsensereallyexistsRobertBakerapsychologist心理学家attheUniversityofKentuckyperformedtwoexperiments.InthefirstoneBakersatbehindunknowingpeopleinpublicplacesandstaredatthebacksoftheirheadsfor5to15minutes.Thesubjects受试者wereeatingdrinkingreadingstudyingwatchingTVorworkingatacomputer.Bakermadesurethatthepeoplecouldnottellthathewassittingbehindthemduringthoseperiods.Laterwhenhequestionedthesubjectsalmostallofthemsaidtheyhadnosensethatsomeonewasstaringatthem.ForthesecondexperimentBakertoldthesubjectsthattheywouldbestaredatfromtimetotimefrombehindatwowaymirrorinalaboratorysetting.Thepeoplehadtowritedownwhentheyfelttheywerebeingstaredatandwhentheyweren’t.Bakerfoundthatthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestaredatandwhentheyweren’t.BakerfoundthatthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestartedatthaniftheyhadjustguesseD.Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.IfpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperimentssaidBakerIsuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves.1Thepurposeofthetwoexperimentsisto.A.explainwheneoplecanhaveasixthsenseB.showhowpeopleactwhilebeingwatchedinthelabC.studywhetherhumanscansensewhentheyarestaredatD.provewhyhumanshaveasixthsense2.Inthefirstexperimentthesubjects.A.werenottoldthattheywouldbestaredatB.losttheirsensewhentheywerestaredatC.werenotsurewhentheywouldbestaredatD.wereuncomfortablewhentheywerestaredat3Theunderlinedwordoutcomeinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans.A.valuB.resultC.performanceD.connection4.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.PeoplearebornwithasixthsensE.B.Theexperimentssupportparapsychologists’ideA.C.Thesubjectsdonothaveasixthsenseintheexperiments.D.Peoplehaveasixthsenceinpublicplaces.
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