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A critically endangered species of rhino is now extinct in Vietnam,according to a report by conser...
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高中英语《青海省西宁市第五中学2016-2017学年高一10月月考英语试题 Word版含答案》真题及答案
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Integrationistheprocessofverifyingthatthecomponent
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在METAR/SPECI中何时开始报告跑道视程
在METAR/SPECI中主导能见度应按照什么增量等级来报告
什么时候在观测记录簿记录BRICFUHZDU和SADRSA除外?什么时候才在METAR 或者SPEC
当主导能见度演变到时应在纪要栏记录其演变过程
＜本场运行最低标准
＜本场SPECI报告标准中的最大值
＜本场特殊观测标准中的最小值
≤本场SPECI报告标准中的最大值
什么时候在观测记录簿记录BRICFUHZDU和SADRSA除外什么时候才在METAR或SPECI报中
在METAR/SPECI中何时编报NSC
什么时候在观测记录簿记录MIFGBCFGPRFG什么时候在METAR或SPECI报中编报这些天气现象
SPECI和SPECAL电报的区别.
当主导能见度演变到本场SPECI报告标准中的最大值时应在纪要栏记录其
在METAR/SPECI报告中强度符号与哪些天气现象结合使用
在METAR/SPECI中按顺时针方向报告风向变化的两个极端方向的条件
描述在METARA/SPECI中跑道视程分段编报的规定
在METAR/SPECI中VC可与那些天气现象结合使用
METAR/SPECI中符合哪些规定时应当编报为VRB
机场气象台站应当通过或者其他有效手段将本机场天气报告METAR和SPECI发往本地区气象中心和民航气
民航地区气象中心应当收集本地区民用机场的机场天气报告METAR和SPECI并编辑
凡某层云量且其云高本场SPECI报告标准中的最大值时应在纪要栏内记录云的演变情况
趋势预报必须附在该机场的后
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Whileglobalwarmingandoceanacidificationdrivenbypollutioncausearealthreattoseacreaturesclimatechangeisnottheprimarydriverthreateningtocausetheextinction灭绝oflargeoceananimals.Itishumansthatarethreateninglargeseacreaturesprimarilybyhuntingandfishingthem.Researchersfindingsreflectaphenomenonexperiencedbyancientlandecosystems生态系统.Theselossesintheoceanareparallelingwhathumansdidtolandanimalssonic50000to10000yearsago.whenwewipedoutaroundhalfofthebig-bodiedmammalsonEarthlikemammothsmastodons.saber-toothcatsandthelikE.Theincreasingthreattolargegroupsofseaanimalsisarecentphenomenon.Theresearchersmadethisdiscoverybycomparingcharacteristicsofnearly2500extinctseavertebratesandmollusksalongsideotherscurrentlyindangerofextinction.Theyfoundthatsmallerseaanimalswerealittlemorelikelythanlargeonestobekilledoffduringfivepreviousmassextinctionevents—themostrecentofwhichwasassociatedwithasmallplanet'sstrikesome65millionyearsago.WhatwassurprisingtothereseacherewasthattheydidnotseeasimilarkindofpatterninanyofthepreviousmassextinctioneventsthattheystudieD.Thestudyshowsthatasixthmassextinctionwhichmayalreadybeunderwaycouldkillofflarger-bodiedanimalswhileleavingsmalleronesbehinD.Thatcouldhaveaterriblelong-termimpact.Suchremovalofthelargestanimalsfromthemodernoceanswhichneverhappenedinthehistoryofanimallifemaydisturbtheorderofecosystemsformillionsofyearsevenatlevelsoftaxonomiclossfarbelowthoseofpreviousmassextinctions.Thisnewsshouldserveasiiwake-upcallforhumanstofundamentallychangethewaytheymanagetheoceans.Thatistosayitisawarningofwhatwillhappenifwedon’tgetouracttogether.Limitingindustrializationoftheoceansmaybenecessarytogivethreatenedanimalstimeandspacetorecover.Mostwhalinghasbeenbannedsincethe1980s.Wehavebroughtgraywhalesbackfromtheedgeofextinctionandbluewhalesarecomingbacktoo.Theresearcherspointoutthatcuttingbackoncarbonemissions排放willalsobenecessaryloslowextinctions.58.Pantgraph2isintendedtotellusthat.A.bothlandanimalsandseaanimalsdieoutbecauseofhumansB.big-bodiedanimalswerekilledastheywerethreattohumansC.humanstendedtokillanimalsonlandinsteadofthoseinseasD.humanshavebeenmainkillersofanimalsforaverylongtime59.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearcher'sstudiesaboutanimalextinction?A.Itiseasierforseacreaturestogoextinctthanlandones.B.Thepatternsofseaanimalmassextinctionareirregular.C.HumanswereresponsibleforallhoseextinctionsD.Small-bodiedcreatucsproduceIheiryoungmoreeasily60.Whichdoesthepassagesuggestisthemostimportantinstoppingseaanimalextinction?A.Tocompletelybanpeoplefromhuntingthem.B.Tofullyrealizetheurgencyofprotectingthem.C.TounconditionallyreleasekssCO2intotheair.D.Toreasonablykeepcontrolofthetradeinthem.
Doyoueverwonderwhytreesbegintobud发芽earlierinsomecities?Scientistsfinallyfoundtheanswerbutit’snotverypleasant.Newsciencesuggestsarelationshipbetweenlightpollutionandthetimingwhentreesproducebudswhichsignalsthearrivalofthespringseason.LightpollutionisdefinedbytheLightingResearchCenterastheunwantedconsequenceofoutdoorlightingsuchasstreetlights.Excessive过多的man-madelightatnightresultsindisturbednaturalcyclesandalsopreventstheobservationofstarsandplanetsatnight.Butitseffectontheenvironmentgoesbeyondthat.Bystudyingsometreesresearchersfoundoutthattreesthataremoreexposedtoartificiallightingatnightbudupto7.5daysearlierthanthoseatthenaturalnighttimesetting.Andtheyfoundoutthatlighthadamoresignificanteffectthantemperaturewhenthebudscameout.Theearlybuddingmaycauseproblemsforinsectswhichfeedonleavesandthebirdswhichthenfeedontheminturn.ProfessorRichardFfrench-Constantwhohelpedleadtheresearchexplainedthatmorethanthebuddingoftreesthestudyimpliesthedangertothebalanceoftheecosystem.Atthemomentcaterpillars毛毛虫aretimedtohatchtomakethemostoftheopportunitiestofeedonfreshlybuddedleavesandbirdshatchintimetofeedontheyoungcaterpillarhesaiD.Migratory迁徙的birdsarealsonegativelyaffectedbylightpollution.TheglaremightconfusethemandmakethemlosetheirflyingsensE.Thephenomenonmightexplainwhysomebirdsaccidentallyknockintobuildings.Suchresultsstresstheneedtopursuestudiesthataimtomeasuretheeffectoflightpollution.Iftheissuewerelefttocontinueitisestimatedthatby2100springwouldbeginalmostafullmonthearlierthanitdoestoday.12.Whatwillhappenifthereistoomuchman-madelight?A.People’seyesightwillbedamageD.B.TheecosystemwilllikelyloseitsbalancE.C.Nostarsorplanetsmaybeobservedatnight.D.Animals’livinghabitsmaychangesuddenly.13.Howdoestheearlybuddingaffectinsectsorplants?A.Itwillcausetherisingnumberofinsects.B.Itcouldleadtotreesgrowingfewerleaves.C.Itmayresultinsomeinsectsgoinghungry.D.Itmightpushinsectstohatchmoreslowly.14.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?A.TheeffectoflightpollutionisdestructivE.B.Thespringof2100willbecomemuchlonger.C.Lightpollutionshouldbetakenseriously.D.A.furtherstudyonlightpollutionisscheduleD.15.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.WhyspringcomesearlierinsomecitiesB.WhylightpollutionneedstobestudiedC.Howtrees’earlybuddingtakesplaceD.Howmuchlightistoomuch
RetirednurseSueCollinswasjustbeginningthesecondlengthofherlocalpoolwhenhermorningswimsuddenlybecameanythingbutapleasurE.TwomonthsagoSue69whohasneversufferedfromasthmaoranyotherbreathingprobleminthepastsuddenlyfoundherselfhardforbreath.Ifeltasifmythroatandoesophagus食道wereclosingupsaysSuE.Sueisconvincedtheproblemisrelatedtotheindoorswimmingbaths.IspendhalftheyearinTurkeyandswimeverydayoutsideinapoolortheseathereandneverhavethisproblemshesays.Shemayberightbecausealthoughatriptothepoolistheperfectexerciseformanythechlorine氯气usedtokeepthewaterfreefromgermscanleadtoproblems.Butinmostcasesit’snotthechlorinethatcausesproblemsbuttheby-productsformedwhenchlorineinteractswithothersubstances—andthisismostlyduetopeoplenotshoweringbeforetheyenterthepool.ThisthenpoisonsthewaterforthemandforotherssaysDr.Hull.Thechlorineinteractswithsweatandurine尿素ontheskinandformsby-productscalledchloraminesthatfloatabovethesurfaceasagaseoussolutionthatcanbeinhaledin.Chloraminesareheavierthanairsohangoverthewaterwheretheyareeasilybreathedin.Somebelievetheymaycauselungdisorders.A.Swedishstudyin2013examiningthehealthof146workersat46indoorpoolsfoundthat17percenthadairwaytroubleatwork—butnoproblemsathomE.AsDr.Hullsays:‘Peopleneedtorememberthatshoweringisn’tjustforthem.ItisforthegreatergooD.’32.WheredidSuesuddenlysufferfromasthma?A.inanoutdoorswimmingpoolB.intheseaC.inanindoorswimmingpoolD.athome33.Whyshouldweputchlorineintothewaterofthepool?A.TokeepthewaterwarmB.TokillthegermsinthewaterC.TomakethepeopleeasytobreatheD.Tostopthepossibilityofasthma34.Takingashowerbeforeswimminginthepoolisto_____A.stoptheinteractionbetweenthechlorineandsweatandurineontheskinB.maketheswimmerfeelcomfortableC.obeytheruleofthepoolD.stoppeoplefrombreathinginthechlorine35.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.ToshowhowtoavoidasthmaB.Toexplainchloramines’susageC.TohelppeoplecureasthmaD.Totellpeoplewhytotakeashowerbeforeswimminginapool
It’scoldanddarkoutsideandyourbedissowarmandcomfortablE.GoingforarunseemslikesuchabadideA.Butbeforeyouhideyourrunningshoesitmightbeworthgivingthatcrazyideaago.AccordingtoTheHuffingtonPostanoutdoorruninwinterasopposedtooneonatreadmill跑步机burnsmorecaloriesbecausethebodyisworkinghardtoregulate调节itscoretemperaturE.Furthermoreresearchshowsthatracetimesarefasterincoldweatherthaninwarmertemperatures-andquickerrunsburnmorecalories.Similarlycoldweatheralsomakestheheartworkhardertodistributebloodthroughthebodymakingthatvitalmuscleevenstronger.Outdoorexercisealsoturnsupyourenergyandridsyouofthestressanddepressionthatbuildupeveryday.Theheatandhumidityinthesummercandragyoudownandtireyoufasterbutcoldweatherisrefreshing.ItadjustsyoutoyoursurroundingsmakingyoufeelalivE.Ofcoursethethreatofsmoginsomebuilt-upareasisafurtherhurdletowinterexercisE.Heartattacksstrokelungcancerandasthmaarealldangersofrunninginsmog.Thecombinationofairpollutionandexerciseincreasesthepotentialproblems.Ifyoudochoosetorunoutsideonsmoggydaystakeapathinaparkorresidentialareatoavoidcarexhaust尾气andgoearlyinthemorningbeforerushhour.Butstayinginsideonsmoggydaysandwaitingforthenextcleardaytorunisbest.12.Howdoescoldweatherbenefitrunnerscomparedwithwarmweather?A.Theycanrunmoreslowly.B.Theycantakeinmorecalories.C.Theirheartscanfunctionharder.D.Theirbodytemperaturecangetlower.13.Howdoessummeraffectrunners?A.Itbuildsuptheirenergyquickly.B.Itmakesrunnerstiredeasily.C.Itlessensrunners’stress.D.Itcausesheartattack.14.Whataretherunnerssupposedtodoonsmoggydays?A.Stopdrivingcars.B.DomoreexercisE.C.AvoidoutdoorexercisE.D.Runlateinthemorning.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.RefreshwithaWinterRunB.TakeOutdoorExerciseinSummerC.GotoRuninaParkD.FollowtheTipstoReduceStress
TelevisionhaschangedthelifestyleofpeopleineveryindustrializedcountryintheworlD.IntheUnitedStateswheresociologistshavestudiedtheeffectssomeinterestingobservationshavebeenmadE.Televisionalthoughnotessentialhasbecomeanimportantpartofmostpeople’slives.Italterspeople’swaysofseeingtheworld;inmanywaysitsupportsandsustains维持modernlifE.Televisionhasbecomeababy-sitteranintroducerofconversationsthemajortransmitterofcultureandakeeperoftradition.YetwhenwhatcanbeseenonTVinonedayiscriticallyanalyzeditbecomesevidentthattelevisionisnotateacherbutasustainer;thepoorqualityofprogrammingdoesnotelevate提高peopleintogreaterunderstandingbutrathermaintainsandencouragesthelifeasitexists.TheprimaryreasonforthelackofqualityinAmericantelevisionisrelatedtoboththehistoryofTVprogrammingdevelopmentandtheeconomicsofTV.TelevisioninAmericabeganwiththeradio.Radiocompaniesandtheirsponsorsfirstexperimentedwithtelevision.ThereforethecloserelationshipwhichtheadvertisershadwithradioprogramsbecamethesystemforAmericanTV.Sponsorsnotonlypaidmoneyfortimewithinprogramsbutmanyactuallyproducedtheprograms.ThusinAmericansocietytelevisionisprimarilyconcernedwithreflectingandattractingsocietyratherthanexperimentingwithnewideas.AdvertiserswanttoattractthelargestviewingaudiencepossiblE.Todosorequiresthattheprogramsbeentertainingratherthaneducationalattractiveratherthanchallenging.TelevisioninAmericatodayremainstoalargeextentwiththesameorganizationandstandardsasithadthirtyyearsago.Thehopeforfurtherdevelopmentandtrueachievementtowardimprovingsocietywillrequireachangeintheentiresystem.32.AccordingtotheauthorAmericantelevisionispoorinqualitybecause_________.A.itiscontrolledbyradiocompaniesB.theprogramshavetobedevelopedpartlyforeconomicreasonsC.advertisersareinterestedinexperimentingwithnewideasD.itisstillatanearlystageofdevelopmentcomparedwiththeradio33.Intheauthor’sviewAmericanTVshould_________.A.beentertainingandattractiveB.reflectsocietyandattractsocietyC.maintainandencouragethelifeasitexistsD.changewiththedevelopmentofsociety34.BasedonthepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.TVhasbecomeamustintheAmerican’slifE.B.OnecanexpecttoimprovehisunderstandingsignificantlyfromwatchingTV.C.AmericanTVisimportanttomostpeopleasitaffectstheirlifeinmanyways.D.AmericanTVnowadayshassomedifferentstandardsfromthepast.35.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsAmericantelevisionis_________.A.negativeB.positiveC.indifferentD.sympathetic
Halloweenisaholidayfulloftricksandtreatsandallthingsfrighteningandfun.Butwhathappenswhenyoutradeyoursweetsforascare?Theresultisalwayshealthierthancandy.Beingfrightenedcanbegoodforyou.Thinkaboutyourfavoritescarybooksormovies.Youarescaredbutyoujustcan’tresistreadingorwatchingthem.Beingfrightenedmakesyourbrainfloodwithhealthychemicalsubstancesthatexciteyourmoodandreleasefeelingsofgreatexcitement.Whenyou’refrightenedyourbodyalsoproducesachemicalcalledoxytocinwhichhelpspeoplebondwithoneanother.Soifyou’reatahaunted闹鬼的housewithsomepalsthatexperiencecanhelpsolidifyyourfriendship.Watchpeoplewalkingoutofahauntedhouseandyou’llseelotsofsmilesandhighfivessaysDr.MargeeKerrasociologistwhostudiesfear.Thereisalsosomeevidencethatbeingscaredcanhelpapersonmanagestressfulsituations.Thingslikegivingapresentationinfrontofyourclassorperforminginaschoolplaycanmakeusfearfulandanxious.Buttheseexperienceshelpbuildasortofendurancetofearthatmakesusmoreconfident.Youbecomemorecomfortablewiththephysicalexperienceoffearandsoyou’rebetterabletoworkthroughitduringtensesituationsKerrexplains.Thoughsomehauntingmaybehealthyit’simportanttorememberthatpeopleexperiencefearindifferentways.Whatmaybefunforonepersoncouldbetooscaryforanother.AndKerrnotesthatkidsyoungerthansixandorsevencan’tseparaterealandmake-believesoseeingsomethingfrighteningcouldhavelastingnegativeeffects.24.WhydoestheauthormentionHalloweeninParagraph1?A.Tomakeasuggestion.B.TointroduceatopiC.C.Toofferaninstruction.D.Topresentareport.25.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordshighfivesinParagraph3mean?A.Puttinghandsuptogivein.B.WavinghandstosaygoodbyE.C.Hittingpalmstogethertoshowhappiness.D.Foldingpalmstogethertoexpressthanks.26.Howisthetextdeveloped?A.Byanalyzingreasons.B.Byprovidingstatistics.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bygivingexamples.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.We’llfeelworriedifwe’rescareD.B.Beingfrightenedhelpspeoplestaycloser.C.FearfulnesscontrolsourconfidencE.D.BeingscaredcanbegoodforeveryonE.
Howlonghas3-Dtechnologybeenaround?Mostofusmightthinkofcrowdsofteenagersina1950’smoviehousewatchingBwanaDevilin3-D.But3-Dtechnologymadeitsfirstappearanceonthescenein1838withthefirststereoscope体视镜.Andthefirstactual3-Dmoviewasa1903filmcalledLeAriveed’unTrain.Althoughithassuchalonghistorythetechnologyhasstillremainedbasedononesimpleprinciple-----tomake3-DeffectsyoumustfindawaytoprojecttwoslightlydifferentpicturestoeacheyE.Modern3-Dtechnologyworksbyrapidlyflickering闪动twoversionsofthemovieandprojectingthemontoeacheyE.Thebraindoestherestoftheworkcombiningthetwopicturestogetherintooneandgivingtheshowtheappearanceofdepththethirddimension.Butdoesthisexposureespeciallylongexposurescauseharmtothechild’sdevelopingbrainandvisualsystem?Unfortunatelylong-termstudiesonnewflickerdigital3-Dtechnologyandchildrenaren’tyetavailablE.Wedonotknowifregularordaily3-Dviewingoveryearsaffectsthedevelopingvisualsystemalthougholder3-Dmethodsbasicallydothesamethingandarenotconsideredharmful.Thequestionofpossibleharminmodern3-DuseinTVisreallybasedontwofacts:theamountoftimechildrenwillnowbewatching3-DTVeachdayandthesensitivitysomechildrenshowinreactionto3-Dviewing.Itisdifficulttomakeactuallabstudiesoflongerterm3-Dviewinginchildrenbecauseofthepossibleharmoftheexperiment.Researcherswillhavetowaituntil3-DTVtechnologyisalreadyinthemarketplaceforanumberofyearsthencheckheavy3-DTVwatchersandcomparethemwithnon-watchers.Witha3-Dtelevisiontechnologyinthehomewewillsoonbeabletoanswerthequestionofwhetherornotlongerandmorefrequentperiodsof3-Dexposurecausemorechangesinthevisualsystem.WemayfindthatthebiggerproblemistheintroductionofanewtechnologythatleadstoevenmoretimespentonTVratherthanplayingoutdoors.8.Accordingtothetext3-Dtechnology______A.wasrefusedbypeoplewhenitfirstappeareD.B.willsoonchangethewaywewatchTV.C.doesnogoodtoourvisualsystem.D.hasahistoryofnearly200years.9.Paragraph2ismainlyabout________A.how3-Dtechnologyworks.B.why3-DmoviesarepopularC.thehistoryof3-Dtechnology.D.theinfluenceof3-Dtechnology.10.What’sthemethodsuggestedinparagraph4?A.TowaitandseeB.TocarryoutlabstudiesC.Tostopmaking3-DmoviesD.Toimprove3-Dtechnology11.Theauthor’spurposeinwritingthetextisto_______A.askchildrennottowatch3-DmoviesB.discussif3-Dviewingisharmfultochildren.C.introducetheadvantagesof3-Dtechnology.D.predictthedevelopmentof3-Dtechnology.
Researchershavecreatedabackpackthathasacomputerandmedicinesinitthatcanhelpevenuntrainedsoldierssavethelivesofwoundedtroops.WoundedsoldiershaveabetterchanceofsurvivaliftheygethelpsoonafterbeinghurtandarequicklytakentoahospitalorcliniC.Butsoldierswhodonothavemedicaltrainingmaynotknowhowtohelptheirinjuredfriends.Doctorsandengineershavedevelopedwhattheycallanintelligentbackpack.Ithasacomputerandelectronicmeasuringdevices.Thebackpackalsohasroboticinstrumentsandmedicinesreadytogivetoinjuredtroops.About16doctorsandengineersfromtheUniversityofPittsburghCarnegieMellonUniversityandseveralotherplacesareworkingontheproject.TheU.S.DepartmentofDefensehasgivenmoneytotheproject.RonPoropatichleadstheproject.Heisaretiredarmysurgeon.HesaysthebackpackwillhelpsoldierscareforthosewhoareinjureD.Thedevicesincludedinthebackpackcanmonitoraperson^heartrateandbloodpressurE.Theroboticinstrumentscaneventellwhetherthesoldierhasacollapsedlung.Theintelligentbackpack'scomputercancompareinformationgatheredabouttheinjuredsoldierwiththousandsofsimilarcasesandquicklytellthebestmethodstousetosavethesoldier’slifE.SometimesitisnotalwayspossibletoquicklyremovetheinjuredsoldierfromthebattlefielD.SoDr.Poropatichsaystheresearchershopetocreateabackpackthatwillhavedevices.thatcankeepa.soldieraliveforalongtimE.Dr.Poropatichhopesthebackpackanditsinstrumentswillbereadyfortestinganimalsinaboutthreeyears.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.ThebackpackcanplayabigpartinthebattlefielD.B.Mostofthesoldierscan’tusethebackpackcorrectly.C.Soldiersshouldhavetakenmedicaltraining.D.WarorbattlehasbroughtharmtotheworlD.13.Howmanykindsofitemsarementionedinthebackpack?A.4.B.5.C.3.D.2.14.WhatcanweknowaccordingtoRonPoropatich?A.TheprojectgotsupportfromthewholeworlD.B.Theroboticinstrumentscanmonitorlungs.C.Theinjurer'sheartdiseasecanhecureD.D.Thedevicescanadjustsoldiers’bloodpressurE.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ResearchersandTheirWonderfulDiscoveryB.MedicalCareTestedontheWoundedSoldiersC.EmergencyMedicalCareinaBackpackD.RoboticDevicesUsedintheBattlefield
WhyDoPeopleBlinkTheirEyes?Peopleblink眨眼theireyestensofthousandsoftimeseveryday.Scientistshavelongbelievedblinkingwasaninvoluntarymovementandservedmainlytokeeptheeyeballswet.ButanewstudysuggestsithasamoreimportantpurposE.AninternationalteamofscientistsfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleystudiedtheblinkingofhumaneyelids.ThejournalCurrentBiologypublishedtheirfindings.Theteamsaidtheyfoundthatblinkingrepositionsoureyeballssowecanstayfocusedonwhatweareseeing.Theysaidthatwhenweblinkoureyelidstheeyesrollbackintotheirsockets-thebonyareathatsurroundsandprotectstheeyes.Howevertheresearchersfoundtheeyesdon'talwaysreturntothesameposition.Theysaidthiscausesthebraintotelltheeyemusclestoreorganizeoureyesight.GerritMausistheleadwriterofthereport.HeservesasanassistantprofessorofpsychologyatNanyangTechnologicalUniversityinSingaporE.MaussaidOureyemusclesarequitesluggish迟缓的andimprecisesothebrainneedstoconstantlyadaptitsmotorsignalstomakesureoureyesarepointingwherethey'resupposedto.Ourfindingssuggestedthatthebrainmeasuresthedifferenceinwhatweseebeforeandafterablinkandcommandstheeyemusclestomaketheneededcorrections.Theresearcherssaidthatwithoutsuchcorrectionsoursurroundingswouldappearunclearandevenjumpy.Theysaidthemovementactslikeasteadicam摄影稳定器oftheminD.TheresearcherssaidtheyaskedvolunteerstositinadarkroomwhilestaringatasmalldotonaflatsurfacE.Theyusedspecialcamerastofollowthevolunteer'sblinksandeyemovements.Aftereachblinkthedotwasmovedonecentimetertotheright.ThevolunteersdidnotnoticethisbutthebraindiD.Itfollowedthemovementanddirectedtheeyemusclestorefocusonthedot.Afterthedotwasmovedinthisway30timesthevolunteers'eyeschangedtheirfocustotheplacewheretheypredicteditwouldbE.ProfessorMaussaidEventhoughparticipantsdidnotconsciouslyregisterthatthedothadmovedtheirbrainsdidandadjustedwiththecorrectiveeyemovements.Thesefindingsaddtoourunderstandingofhowthebrainconstantlyadaptstochangescommandingoureyemusclestocorrectforerrorsinourbodies'ownhardwarE.43.Accordingtothenewstudyblinkingeyescan________.A.servetokeeptheeyeballswetB.repositioneyeballstostayfocusedC.consciouslycorrecteyemovementsD.makeoureyesadapttomotorsignals44.Fromtheexperimentwecanlearnthat________.A.volunteerscouldseethemovingdotwithspecialcamerasB.theeyeballscouldstayintheplaceastheywerepredictedC.participantswereawareofthedot'smovementstotherightD.thebraincommandedtheeyemusclestorefocusonthedot45.TheunderlinedwordregisterinParagraph5probablymeans________.A.realizeB.refocusC.reserveD.reason46.Thispassageshowsthat________.A.eyemusclesarequiteinactiveandimpreciseB.theresearchisofgreatvalueintheeyemovementC.thebrainplaysanimportantroleinseeingthingsclearlyD.volunteerscontroltheirblinkstofollowthechangesofthedots
OceanographyhasbeendefinedasTheapplicationofallsciencestothestudyofthesea.Beforethenineteenthcenturyscientistswithaninterestintheseawerefewandfarbetween.CertainlyNewtonconsideredsometheoreticalaspectsofitinhiswritingsbuthewasunwillingtogotoseatofurtherhiswork.FormostpeopletheseawasremoteandwiththeexceptionofearlyintercontinentaltravelersorotherswhoearnedalivingfromtheseatherewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsaboutitletalonetoaskwhatlaybeneaththesurfacE.ThefirsttimethatthequestionWhatisatthebottomoftheoceans?hadtobeansweredwithanycommercialconsequencewaswhenthelayingofatelegraphcable电缆fromEuropetoAmericawasproposeD.Theengineershadtoknowthedepthprofile起伏形状oftheroutetoestimatethelengthofcablethathadtobemadE.ItwastoMauryoftheUSNavythattheAtlanticTelegraphCompanyturnedin1853forinformationonthismatter.Inthe1840sMauryhadbeenresponsibleforencouragingvoyagesduringwhichsoundings测深weretakentoinvestigatethedepthsoftheNorthAtlanticandPacificOceans.Latersomeofhisfindingsarousedmuchpopularinterestinhisbook---ThePhysicalGeographyoftheSeA.Thecablewaslaidbutnotuntil1866wastheconnectionmadepermanentandreliablE.AttheearlyattemptsthecablefailedandwhenitwastakenoutforrepairsitwasfoundtobecoveredinlivinggrowthsafactwhichdefiedcontemporaryscientificopinionthattherewasnolifeinthedeeperpartsoftheseA.Withinafewyearsoceanographywasunderway.In1872ThomsonledascientificexpeditionwhichlastedforfouryearsandbroughthomethousandsofsamplesfromtheseA.Theirclassificationandanalysisoccupiedscientistsforyearsandledtoafive-volumereportthelastvolumebeingpublishedin1895.29.Thepassageimpliesthatthetelegraphcablewasbuiltmainly________.A.foroceanographicstudiesB.formilitarypurposesC.forbusinessconsiderationsD.forinvestigatingthedepthsoftheoceans30.TheaimofvoyagesMauryencouragedinthe1840swas_________.A.tomakesomesoundexperimentsintheoceansB.tocollectsamplesofseaplantsandanimalsC.toestimatethelengthofcablethatwastobemadeD.tomeasurethedepthsofthetwooceans31.Theunderlinedworddefiedinthe4Thparagraphprobablymeans_A.doubtedB.challengedC.gaveprooftoD.agreedto32.Thethemeofthispassageisabout__A.thebeginningsofoceanographyB.thelayingofthefirstunderseacableC.theinvestigationofoceandepthsD.theearlyintercontinentalcommunications
Hummingbirds蜂鸟areoneofnature’smostenergeticfliersandtheonlybirdstohover盘旋intheairbyrelyingontheirstrengthalonE.Nowscientistshavefoundthatitistheratio比值ofthebird’swinglengthtoitswidththatmakesthemsoefficient.Thediscoveryishelpingexpertscompetewith42millionyearsofnaturalselectiontobuildhelicoptersthatareincreasinglyefficient.DavidLentinkanassistantprofessoratStanfordUniversityinCaliforniatestedwingsfrom12differentspeciesofhummingbirdswhichhesourcedfrommuseums.Heplacedthemonamachineusedtotesttheaerodynamics气力学ofthehelicopterblades桨叶.ProfessorLentink’steamusedthesamemachinetotestthebladesfromanadvancedmicro-helicopterusedbytheUK’sarmy.Theyfoundthatthemicro-helicopter’sbladesareasefficientathoveringastheaveragehummingbirds.Butwhilethemicro-helicopter’sbladeskeptpacewiththeaveragehummingbirdwingstheycouldnotkeepupwiththemostefficienthummingbird’swing.ThewingsofAnna’shummingbirdwerefoundtobeabout27percentmoreefficientthantheman-mademicro-helicopter’sblades.WhileProfessorLentinkwasn’tsurprisedatnature’ssuperiorityhesaidthathelicopterbladeshavecomealongway.ThetechnologyisatthelevelofanaveragehummingbirdhesaiD.AhelicopterisreallythemostefficienthoveringdevicethatwecanbuilD.ThebesthummingbirdsarestillbetterbutIthinkit’samazingthatwe’regettingcloser.It’snoteasytomatchtheirperformancebutifwebuildbetterwingswithbettershapeswemightmatchhummingbirds.ProfessorLentinksaidthatwedon’tknowhowhummingbirdsmaintaintheirflightinastrongwindhowtheynavigate确定方向throughbranchesorhowtheychangedirectionsoquickly.Hethinksthatgreatstepscouldbemadebystudyingwingaspectratios-theratioofwinglengthtowingwidth.Understandingtheseabilitiesandcharacteristicscouldbeabenefitforroboticsandwillbethefocusoffutureexperiments.29.Whatdidthescientistsfindabouthummingbirds?A.TheirwingsarelongandwideB.TheycanhoverintheairforalongtimeC.TheratiooftheirwinglengthtowingwidthisveryimportantD.Theyarethemostenergeticflierinnature30.WhichistherightorderofProfessorLentink’sresearch?①Testedwingsfromdifferentspeciesofhummingbirds②Gotresourcesfrommuseums③Analyzedtheresultsanddrewaconclusion④Testedthebladesfromamicro-helicopterA.①②③④B.②①③④C.②④①③D.②①④③35.AccordingtoProfessorLentinkwhatwillbethefocusoffutureexperiments?A.ToknowhowhummingbirdscanflyinastrongwindB.ToknowhowhummingbirdschangedirectionsoquicklyC.TodevelopanewkindofhelicopterD.Tostudythesecretsofhummingbirds
Themorescientistsstudypigeonsthemoretheylearnhowtheirbrainsoperateinwaysnotsodifferentfromourown.Inanewstudyresearchersfoundthatpigeonscancategorizeandnamebothnaturalandman-madeobjects—andnotjustafewobjects.Thesebirdscategorized128photographsinto16categories.EdWassermananauthorofthestudysaysthefindingsuggestsasimilaritybetweenhowpigeonslearntheequivalentofwordsandthewaychildrendo.Inanexperimenttheresearchersusedacomputerizedversionofthenamegamewherethreepigeonswereshown128black-and-whitephotosofobjectsfrom16basiccategories:babybottlecakecarcrackerdogduckfishflowerhatkeypenphoneplaneshoetreE.Theythenhadtopeck啄ononeoftwodifferentsymbols:thecorrectoneforthatphotoandanincorrectonethatwasrandomlychosenfromoneoftheremaining15categories.Thepigeonsnotonlysucceededinlearningthetaskbuttheyreliablytransferredthelearningtofournewphotosfromeachofthe16categories.Pigeonshavelongbeenknowntobesmarterthanaveragebirds.Theyhaveahominginstinct返巢本能thathelpsthemfindtheirwayhomeevenwhenblindfolded蒙住眼睛.TheyhavebettereyesightthanhumansandhavebeentrainedtospotorangelifejacketsofpeoplelostatseA.TheycarriedmessagesfortheU.S.Armyduringthetwoworldwars.McMurrayanotherauthorofthestudysaysOurtestingmethodscanbeusedwithanytypeofanimalthatcaninteractwithacomputerscreen.HealsosaysContrarytopeople’sbelieftheresearchshowsthemethodswithwhichchildrensolvethishugeproblemmaybesharedwithmanyspecies.Wassermanacknowledgesthoughthisstudyisnotadirectequivalentofwordlearninginchildrenthemodelusedinthestudycouldleadtoabetterunderstandingofchildren’swordlearning.32.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph4?A.Howtheresearcherscarriedouttheexperiment.B.Whatobjectspigeonsaregoodatrecognizing.C.Howmanycategoriespigeonscanbeclassifiedinto.D.Whyresearcherswantedtoprovepigeons’intelligencE.33.Whatcanpigeonsdo?A.Helptosavelives.B.Teachchildrenwords.C.Learnwordsjustasadults.D.UsetheireyestojudgethewayhomE.34.AccordingtoMcMurraymostpeopleconsiderchildren’swordlearningmethods__________.A.interestingB.uniqueC.importantD.common35.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Toinformpeoplethatpigeonsarecleverbirds.B.Toprovepigeonsareofgreatusetohumans.C.Toexplainwhypigeonssolveproblemsmoreeasilythanchildren.D.Toshowpigeonsaresimilartochildreninlearningwords.
Itis7amandthealarmisgoingoff.Youknowyouhavetobeoutofbedtocatchthebus.Buttheurgetoburyyourselfinthebediseversostrong.Soundsfamiliar?Whyisitthatteensfinditdifficulttogetthemselvesoutofbedintimeeverymorningorstaysharpandfocusedduringthefirstcoupleofhoursofschool?Duringadolescencethebodygoesthroughmanychangesandtheseincludeashiftinsleeppatterns.ResearchersfromMIThavebeentrackingthebody’sneedforsleepinteenagers.Theyfoundthatthoughadolescentsneedasmuchas9.5hoursofsleepadaytheygettobedlaterandlaterwitheachpassingyear.Infactthesleepcycleshiftslaterbyasmuchas12to18minuteseachyearbetweentheagesof10and20!Sobythetimea10yearoldwhosleepsat8pmgrowstobe17or18hisbodynaturallywantstostayuptill1030pmor11pm.Accordingtoresearchersthisisbecauseofahormonecalledmelatonin褪黑激素thatissecreted分泌bythepinealgland—atinystructuredeepinsidethebrain.Melatoninregulatesthebody’snaturaldaynightrhythms.Itcausesapersontobecomesleepybyloweringhisbody’scoretemperaturE.Inteensmelatoninissecretedmuchlaterintheeveningandcontinuestoincreasethroughoutthenight.Thismakesitdifficultforteenstofallasleepearlierastheydidintheiryoungeryears.Likewisetheeffectofmelatonincontinuesuntilmuchlaterinthemorningmakingithardforthemtowakeupearly.Astudyfoundthatatleastoneinfourteensistiredandfallsasleepinschoolatleastonceaweek.Duringsleepimportantbodyfunctionsandbrainactivitieshappen.Sohowcanteenagersgettheirsleepenough?TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsAAPrecommendsthatmiddleandhighschoolsshouldstartlater—notbefore830am.Thisshouldgiveteenssomemoretimetosleepatnight.24.FromParagraph2wecanlearnthatifyousleeplatethenextdayyoushould________.A.staysharpB.skipbreakfastC.getuplateD.stayuplate25.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordthisinParagraph3referto?A.Thestudentswanttostayup.B.TheshiftsofthesleepcyclE.C.Thepinealglandsecretesmelatonin.D.TheadolescentssleeplatE.26.Theteensgotosleeplaterthanbeforebecause________.A.melatoninissecretedmuchlaterB.melatoninregulatesthesleeptimeC.theysleepalotinthedaytimeD.theyneedtofinishtheirhomework27.AccordingtoAAP’srecommendationmiddleandhighschoolsshould________.A.letteenssleepinthedayB.letthestudentsbeactiveC.delaythestarttimeD.startlaterat8am
ImaginationStageisachildren’stheaterinthestateofMarylanD.A.specialperformanceisputonforchildrenwithautism自闭症eachday.PeoplewithautismhavedifficultycommuncatingandsocializingwithotherpeoplE.ChildreninthetheaterareallowedtomovearoundduringtheperformancE.It’sOKiftheyshoutoutorholdtheirearswhenthemusicistoolouD.Thesespecialperformancesaresometimestheonlythingthatafamilycangotothetheatertogethertoseeifachildhasautism.ThatisthesameideawithAutismontheSeas.Thiscompanyorganizesvacationsforfamiliesofchildrenwithautismespeciallyvacationsoncruiseships.JamieGroverisdirectorofgroupdevelopmentinAutismontheSeas.HesaidWithourstaffonboardparentsknowthattheyaregoingtobeabletorelaxenjoytheirvacationandparticipateinshipactivities.Theyknowthattheirchildrenarewelltakencareof.ThebenefitofsuchvacationsorganizedbyAutismontheSeasisnotwaitinginhugelinesondepartureday.Thecompanyhasstafftohelpintheports.Waitinginlonglinesorbeinginthemiddleofbigcrowdscancauseproblembehaviorinchildrenwithautism.AutismontheSeashelpsfamiliesavoidsituationslikethat.AutismontheSeasworkswiththehelpofcruisecompanieslikeRoyalCaribbean.Specialtimesorplacesarearrangedforfamiliestoplayvideogamesgoskatingorrockclimbingoreatdinner.AutismontheSeasalsodirectsfamiliestoorganizationsthatcanhelpthempayforthesevacations.BambiVanWoertfromthestateofMichiganwentonacruisewithher7-year-oldBenwhohasautism.ShesaidIwouldneverdosomethinglikethismyself.IcannottakeBenshoppingbymyselfatthispointsoformetotrytodoacruisewithouthelpwouldbeabsurD.28.Whatmakesthechildren’stheatreImaginationStagespecial?A.Thatitonlyallowschildrenwithautismtoenter.B.Thatitputsonplaysperformedbypeoplewithautism.C.Thatitmainlyputsonplaysaboutpeoplewithautism.D.Thatitputsonspecialperformancesforkidswithautism.29.WhatdoweknowaboutthecompanyAutismontheSeas?A.Ithelpsfamiliesofchildrenwithautismpayforvacations.B.ItwasstartedwiththehelpofthecruisecompanyRoyalCaribbean.C.Itorganizesvacationsforfamiliesofchildrenwithautism.D.Ittakescareofkidswithautismwhiletheirparentsareaway.30.Thethirdparagraphmainlytellsus______.A.someoccasionsthatkidswithautismshouldavoidB.somebehaviouralproblemsofchildrenwithautismC.someactivitieschildrenwithautismcantakepartinD.thebenefitofvacationsorganizedbyAutismontheSeas31.BambiVanWoertismentionedinthelastparagraphtoshowthat______.A.parentsofachildwithautismdon’twantsuchtripsB.parentsofachildwithautismliveaverydifficultlifeC.childrenwithautismdon’tlikedoinganythingwiththeirparentsD.suchcruisetripscanreallyhelpfamiliesofchildrenwithautism
Candogsandcatsgetalongwellinthesamehome?Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutgettingadogasafriendfortheircatareworriedthattheywillfight.A.recentresearchhasfoundthatifthecatistakenbackhomebeforethedogandiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyounglessthan6monthsforcatsayearfordogsitishighlyprobable很可能thatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Intwo-thirdsofthehomescatsanddogshaveagoodrelationship.Howeveritwasn’tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomeswhileaggression侵略好斗andfightingwerefoundin10%ofthehomes.Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodylanguagesarejustdifferent.Forexamplewhenacatturnsitsheadawayitmeansaggressionwhileadogdoingthesamemeanssubmission顺从.Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefullyresearchersfoundasurprisingbehavior.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother’slanguagE.ItisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalkDoganddogscanlearnhowtotalkCat.What’sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtobecomesmarter.Theycanlearntoreadeachother’sbodylanguagessuggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwasexpecteD.Oncefamiliarwitheachother’sbodylanguagecatsanddogscanplaytogetherandenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofA.Theimportanceofthisresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyond超出pets—topeoplewhodon’tgetalongwellincludingneighborscolleaguesatworkandevencountries.IfcatsanddogscanlearntogetalongsurelypeoplehaveagoodchancE.32.TheunderlinedwordswimminglyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto________.A.earlyB.mostlyC.quicklyD.smoothly33.Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen________.A.theyarecoldtoeachotherB.theylookawayfromeachotherC.theyareintroducedatanearlyageD.theymisunderstandeachother’sbodylanguages34.ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs________.A.havecommoninterestsB.arelessdifferentthanwasthoughtC.haveacommonbodylanguageD.arenotsosmartaswasexpected35.Whatcanwehumanbeingslearnfromcatsanddogs?A.Weshouldlearntogetalongwellwithothers.B.Weshouldknowmoreaboutanimals.C.Weshouldliveinpeacewithanimals.D.Weshouldlearnmorebodylanguages.
ScientistsannouncedonThursdayFebruary112016atapressconferenceinWashingtonD.C.thatthemorethanhalf-centurysearchforgravitationalwavesfinallysucceedeD.Theyconfirmedthattheyhaddetectedgravitationalwavescausedbytwoblackholesmixingtogetherabout1.3billionyearsago.IthadbeenthefirsttimethephenomenonwasdirectlydetectedsinceitwaspredictedbyAlbertEinsteinl00yearsago.AChinaledspacegravitationalwavedetectionprojectisrecruiting招募researchersfromaroundtheworldchinanewscomreporteD.TheTianqinprojectwasstartedbySunYat-senUniversityinZhuhhai.Itcentersonresearchofkeytechnologiesinspacegravitationalwavedetection.Tomaketheprojectmorecompetitiveglobaltalentsinareassuchasgravitytheoryspacegravityexperimentsandprecisionmeasurementaresoughtwithanannualsalaryofupto1millionyuan$153.000.accordingtothereport.GravitationalwavesarenoteasilydetectablE.WhentheyreachtheEarthanextremelysensitivedetectorisneededasothersourcesofnoisecanoverwhelmthesignal.LuoJun.presidentofSunYatsenUniversitysaidthedetectionofgravitationalwavesisahugechallengeandtheprojectreflectstheresearchcompetenceofChinA.The15-billionyuanprojectaimstosendwave-detectionsatellitesintospacein15to20yearswithconstructionofaresearchcenterandobservatorytobestartedsoon.ResearcherswilllikelycooperatewithotherscientistsfromtheEuropeanSpaceAgency’sLISAProject.Gravitationalwavesareripples涟漪inspacetimegeneratedduringtheearliestmomentoftheuniversewhentheuniverseexperiencedabriefbutdisorderedperiodofexpansion.ThedetectionofgravitationalwavesisbelievedtohelpscientistsunderstandmoremysteriesoftheuniversE.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutgravitationalwaves?A.Theycausedblackholestomixtogether.B.Theycameoutabouthalfacenturyago.C.TheyworeprovedtruebyAlbertEinstein.D.Theyhavebeendiscoveredrecently.6.AccordingtothepassagetheTianqinprojectisintendedto.A.developtechnologiestodetectspacegravitationalwavesB.attracttalentedresearchersfromacrosstheglobeC.conductvariousspacegravityexperimentsD.seekprecisionmeasurementinspace7.Theunderlinedwordoverwhelminthethirdparagraphprobablymeans.A.absorbB.replaceC.removeD.cover8.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.A.explaintheimportanceofthegravitationalwavedetectionB.presentsomenewfindingsinspaceexplorationC.introduceagravitationalwaveresearchprojectD.encourageinternationalcooperationinscientificresearch
Thebabyisjustonedayoldandhasnotyetlefthospital.Sheisquietbutalert警觉.Twentycentimetersfromherfaceresearchershaveplacedawhitecardwithtwoblackspotsonit.Shestaresatitcarefully.A.researcherremovesthecardandreplacesitbyanotherthistimewiththespotsdifferentlyspaceD.Asthecardschangefromonetotheotherhergaze凝视startstoloseitsfocus—untilathirdwiththreeblackspotsispresenteD.Hergazereturns:shelooksatitfortwiceaslongasshedidatthepreviouscarD.Canshetellthatthenumbertwoisdifferentfromthreejust24hoursaftercomingintotheworld?Ordonewbornssimplyprefermoretofewer?Thesameexperimentbutwiththreespotsshownbeforetwoshowsthesamereturnofinterestwhenthenumberofspotschanges.Perhapsitisjustthenewness?Whenslightlyolderbabieswereshowncardswithpicturesofobjectsacombakeyanorangeandsoonchangingthenumberofobjectshadaneffectseparatefromchangingtheobjectsthemselves.Coulditbethepatternthattwothingsmakeasopposedtothree?Noagain.Babiespaidmoreattentiontosquaresmovingrandomlyonascreenwhentheirnumberchangedfromtwotothreeorthreetotwo.Theeffectevencrossesbetweensenses.Babieswhowererepeatedlyshowntwospotsbecamemoreexcitedwhentheythenheardthreedrumbeatsthanwhentheyheardjusttwo;likewise同样地whentheresearchersstartedwithdrumbeatsandmovedtospots.4.TheexperimentdescribedinParagraph1isrelatedtothebaby’s________.A.senseofhearingB.senseofsightC.senseoftouchD.senseofsmell5.Babiesaresensitivetothechangein________.A.thesizeofcardsB.thecolorofpicturesC.theshapeofpatternsD.thenumberofobjects6.Whydidtheresearcherstestthebabieswithdrumbeats?A.Toreducethedifficultyoftheexperiment.B.Toseehowbabiesrecognizesounds.C.Tocarrytheirexperimentfurther.D.Tokeepthebabies’interest.7.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Sciencefiction.B.Children’sliteraturE.C.Anadvertisement.D.A.sciencereport.
Alpacas羊驼aremembersofthecamelfamilyhavinglivedinSouthAmericaforthousandsofyears.Theirfurgivestheanimalsateddybear_likeappearancE.Alpacasaretoosmalltobeusedasanimalsofburdenbutarevaluedonlyfortheirfur.Generallytheirlifespanisaround15to20years.Alpacasaresocialanimalsthatliveinfamilygroupsmadeupofamalefemalesandtheiryoung.Theyaregentleelegantcuriousintelligentandobservant.Theyaresafeandpleasanttobearoundmovinggracefullyandslowlyaroundthefieldandarethereforeunlikelytorunintooroveranyoneevensmallchildren.Occasionallyanalpacawillspitsndkickbutthesoftpadded有爪垫的feetusuallydolittlemorethanjustgetyourattention.Becausetheseanimalsareenvironmentallyfriendlyandneedsolittlegrassandfoodyoucanusuallyraisefromtwotoeightalpacasonanacreoflandwithgrassorhay.A.single60poundbale大捆ofhaycangenerallyfeedagroupofabout20alpacasforoneday.Alpacasalsorequireaccesstoplentyoffreshwatertodrink.Alpacafurisusedformakingknitteddandwoven编织itemsjustassheep’swoolis.Theseitemsincludeblanketssweatershatsglovesscarvesawidevarietyoftextiles针织品inSouthAmericaandsweaterssockscoatsandbeddinginotherpartsoftheworlD.Thefurcomesinmorethan52naturalcolorsasclassifiedinPeru12asclassifiedinAustraliaand16asclassifiedintheUnitedStates.4.Accordingtothetextalpacascanbebestused_______.A.forlongdistanceridesB.toprotecthomeC.forchildrentoplaywithD.tocarryheavygoods5.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2probablymean?A.Alpaca’skickcan’thurtyou.B.Alpacaswanttodrawyourattention.C.YoumustlookoutforAlpacas’attack.D.YoushouldpaymoreattentiontoAlpaca6.Ifyouhave5acresoflandtoraiseAlpacashowmuchhaydoyouneedadayatmost?A.60pounds.B.120pounds.C.100pounds.D.180pounds.7.Accordingtothelastparagraphwhichofthefollowingistrue?A.Alpacafurisakindofsheep’swool.B.AlpacafurisonlyusedformakingsweatersinAustraliA.C.TheUSproducesthemostAlpacafurintheworlD.D.AlpacafurproducedinPerucomesinthemostnaturalcolors.
WhenitcomestotheInternetpeopletalkaboutthepasswordmost.Actuallyit’sbeenunderfireforalongtimE.Researchhasshownthatpasswordsarenotaverygoodwaytoprotectsensitiveinformation.Peoplewouldusesomerandomcharactersnumbersandsymbols.Furthermoreauniquepasswordwouldbeusedforeverysiteorapplicationtheuseruses.Unfortunatelythelongerandmorecomplexpasswordsbecomethemorepeoplearelikelytoforgerthem.Thereforetheyusethesamepasswordforeveryserviceorapplication.Theseareallbigno-noesandessentiallydefeatthepurposeofapassworD.GoogleistryingtokilloffpasswordsonAndroiddevicesbyintroducingtheTrustAPIwhichdoeswhatsimplepasswordscannotandgivesdevelopersaframeworkforsecuringtheirapplicationusinganumberofsecuritysystemsandmetrics衡量标准onthedevicE.A.TrustScorewillbegeneratedbasedonanumberofmetricsincludingyourdevicelocationfacescanningfingerprintsandthethingslikeyourtypingspeedorthewayyouspeak.TakenoneatatimethesemetricsarenotsecurE.Buttakentogetherthesemetricswillhelprecognizetherealyou.ThegoodnewsisthatGooglehasalreadybeentestingthisonrealworlddatA.GooglehasproventheTrustAPIworks.NextGooglewillruntestswillsomebankstoseeiftheTrustAPImeetstheirneedsbeforerollingoutthesystemonAndroidphoneslater.ItmaytakeanotheryearforappsandpopularsitestostartusingtheTrustAPI.ThisisaprettyexcitingchangE.PasswordshavebeenaroundforalonetimE.Althoughthesecurityofsystemshasbeenimprovedtheusabilityofsystemshasn’tbeenprovedmuch.Googleappearstohavethebestofthem.Maybethatnever-endingconflictbetweensecurityandconveniencewillbeabletotakeabreakoncetheTrustsystemcomesout.28.WhatisimpliedintheunderlinedsentenceinParA.2?A.Usersmakemistakesinusingpasswords.B.Usersshouldknowthepurposeofpasswords.C.Usershavelearnttosaynototheirpasswords.D.Usersmisunderstandthemeaningofpasswords.29.HowisthekeypartoftheTrustAPIgenerated?A.BytakingonemetricatatimE.B.Bycombiningvariousmetrics.C.Bydevelopingsecuritysystems.D.Byanalyzingcomplexpasswords.30.WhatcanweknowabouttheTrustsystemfromthetext?A.ItneedstobeimprovedinthefuturE.B.Ithasn’tbeenproventobeeffectivE.C.ItwillbeusedonAndroiddevicesfirst.D.Itissecureandconvenientfortheusers.31.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowdoesGoogledeveloptheTrustAPI?B.WilltheTrustAPImeettheusers’needs?C.Willpasswordssoonbeathingofthepast?D.Howdopasswordsprotectpersonalinformation?
Researchershavecreatedabackpackthathasacomputerandmedicinesinitthatcanhelpevenuntrainedsoldierssavethelivesofwoundedtroops.WoundedsoldiershaveabetterchanceofsurvivaliftheygethelpsoonafterbeinghurtandarequicklytakentoahospitalorcliniC.Butsoldierswhodonothavemedicaltrainingmaynotknowhowtohelptheirinjuredfriends.Doctorsandengineershavedevelopedwhattheycallanintelligentbackpack.Ithasacomputerandelectronicmeasuringdevices.Thebackpackalsohasroboticinstrumentsandmedicinesreadytogivetoinjuredtroops.About16doctorsandengineersfromtheUniversityofPittsburghCarnegieMellonUniversityandseveralotherplacesareworkingontheproject.TheU.S.DepartmentofDefensehasgivenmoneytotheproject.RonPoropatichleadstheproject.Heisaretiredarmysurgeon.HesaysthebackpackwillhelpsoldierscareforthosewhoareinjureD.Thedevicesincludedinthebackpackcanmonitoraperson^heartrateandbloodpressurE.Theroboticinstrumentscaneventellwhetherthesoldierhasacollapsedlung.Theintelligentbackpack'scomputercancompareinformationgatheredabouttheinjuredsoldierwiththousandsofsimilarcasesandquicklytellthebestmethodstousetosavethesoldier’slifE.SometimesitisnotalwayspossibletoquicklyremovetheinjuredsoldierfromthebattlefielD.SoDr.Poropatichsaystheresearchershopetocreateabackpackthatwillhavedevices.thatcankeepa.soldieraliveforalongtimE.Dr.Poropatichhopesthebackpackanditsinstrumentswillbereadyfortestinganimalsinaboutthreeyears.32.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.ThebackpackcanplayabigpartinthebattlefielD.B.Mostofthesoldierscan’tusethebackpackcorrectly.C.Soldiersshouldhavetakenmedicaltraining.D.WarorbattlehasbroughtharmtotheworlD.33.Howmanykindsofitemsarementionedinthebackpack?A.4.B.5.C.3.D.2.34.WhatcanweknowaccordingtoRonPoropatich?A.TheprojectgotsupportfromthewholeworlD.B.Theroboticinstrumentscanmonitorlungs.C.Theinjurer'sheartdiseasecanhecureD.D.Thedevicescanadjustsoldiers’bloodpressurE.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ResearchersandTheirWonderfulDiscoveryB.MedicalCareTestedontheWoundedSoldiersC.EmergencyMedicalCareinaBackpackD.RoboticDevicesUsedintheBattlefield
Giventhetraditionofstudentsbringingapplestotheirteachersitsomehowseemsfittingthatanoldapplebarn谷仓willfindanewlifeasaone-roomschoolhouse.Anditisjustasfittingthataretiredschoolteacherwillbecomethecaretakerofthathistorictreasure.MyfriendVelmaateacherformorethan30yearshasbeenretiredforsometimenowbutthatdoesn’tstophergivinghistorylessonsattheoldEnglewoodSchoollocatedonherfamily’sCaliforniafarm.Thelovinglyrestoredbuildingwasconstructedaround1850asahomeforawoodsmanandlaterwasusedasanapplebarn.Thenin1870itbegananewlifeasaschoolhouse.OriginallylocatedinthenearbyEnglewoodmeadowitwasnowmoveditscurrentsitein1978byVelma'slatehusbandandhisbrotherRobertandRichardwhothoughtitwouldhelpkeepVelmabusyinretirement.Nonailshadbeenusedintheoriginalconstructionsoeachpieceofwoodhadtobecarefullymarkedandthebuildingwasreassembled重装onitsnewsite.Thebrothersworkedwithmuchcareandhardworktoensureaperfectfitofmitered斜接的comers.AftertherelocationVelmaandherfamilyfurnishedtheschoolwithsomeofitsoriginaldesks.Theyalsoaddedacollectionofschoolbookstheoldestdatingbackto1845.NowadaysVelmagivestourstolocalschoolchildrenandothergroupswholearnwhatitwasliketoattendschoolbackinthegoodolddays.ShehaskidsringtheschoolbellrecitethePledgeofAllegianceandsingGoodMorningtoYouastheymighthavedoneindaysgoneby.Thenwithtwinklingeyesandmuchenthusiasmshetellsthehistoryoftheschoolandgivesashortsamplelesson.13.WhatwastheEnglewoodSchoolusedasbeforeitbegananewlifein1870?A.A.lady’shouse.B.A.schoolhouse.C.A.napplebarn.D.A.restroom.14.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheschool’sbeingrelocated?A.Challenging.B.Refreshing.C.F.ashionable.D.Inspiring.15.Whichcanserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheGoodOldDaysintheSchoolhouseB.AMysteriousBuildingwithaLongHistoryC.ATeacherDevotedtoRestoringOldBuildingsD.AHistoricOne-roomSchoolhouse
ShynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeoplE.Shypeopleareanxiousandself-conscious;thatistheyareconcernedwiththeirownappearanceandactionstoomuch.Negativethoughtsareconstantlyoccurringintheirminds:WhatkindofimpressionamImaking?Dotheylikeme?DoIsoundstupid?AmIwearingunattractiveclothes?Itisobviousthatsuchuncomfortablefeelingsmustaffectpeopleunfavorably.A.person'sself-conceptisreflectedinthewayheorshebehavesandthewayapersonbehavesaffectsotherpeople'sreactions.Ingeneralthewaypeoplethinkaboutthemselveshasadeepeffectonallareasoftheirlives.Shypeoplewhohavelowrespectarelikelytobepassiveandeasilyinfluencedbyothers.Theyneedfaiththattheyaredoingtherightthing.Shypeopleareverysensitivetocriticism.Itmakesthemfeelinferior自卑.TheyalsofinditdifficulttobepleasedbypraisesbecausetheybelievetheyareunworthyofpraisE.A.shypersonmayrespondtoapraisewithastatementlikethisone:You'rejustsayingthattomakemefeelgoodIknowit'snottruE.Itisclearthatwhileself-awarenessisahealthyqualityoverdoingitisharmful.Canshynessbecompletelygotridoforatleastreduced?Fortunatelypeoplecanovercomeshynesswithdeterminationsinceshynessgoeshandinhandwithlackofselfrespect.Itisimportantforpeopletoaccepttheirweaknessaswellastheirstrengths.Eachoneofushashisorherowncharacteristics.Weareinterestedinourownpersonalways.ThebetterweunderstandourselvestheeasieritbecomestoliveuptoourchancesforarichandsuccessfullifE.9.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout______.A.theeffectofshynessonpeopleB.thecauseofshynessC.thefeelingsofshypeopleD.thequestionsinthemindsofshypeople10.Accordingtothewriterself-awarenessis______.A.harmfultopeopleB.ahealthyqualityC.thecauseofunhappinessD.aweakpointofshypeople11.TheunderlinedworditinParagraph3refersto_____.A.shynessB.criticismC.sensibilityD.praise12.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatshynesscan______.A.havenothingtodowithlackofselfrespectB.helpustoliveuptoourfulldevelopmentC.enableustounderstandourselvesbetterD.beovercomewithdetermination
Astudyfindsthatyoungsterswhohaveasisterarehappier.Why?Theusualanswer—thatgirlsandwomenaremorelikelythanboysandmentotalkaboutemotions—issomehowunsatisfyingespeciallytoaresearcherlikemE.Muchofmyworkovertheyearshasdevelopedtheassumptionthatwomen'sstylesoffriendshipandconversationaren'tletterthanmen's.AmanoncetoldmethathehadspentadaywithafriendwhowasnewlydivorceD.Whenhereturnedhomehiswifeaskedhowhisfriendwasgoing.HerepliedIdon'tknow.Wedidn'ttalkaboutit.Hiswifeblamedhim.ThismadethemanfeelbaD.Sohewasrelievedtoreadinmyhookthatdoingthingstogethercanbeacomfortinitselfanotherwaytoshowcaring.Butiftalkingaboutproblemsisn'tnecessaryforcomfortthenhavingsistersshouldn'tmakemenhappierthanhavingbrothers.Yettherecentstudyissupportedbyothers.ScientistsLizWrightandTonyCassidyfoundthatyoungpeoplewhohadgrownupwithatleastonesistertendedtobehappierandmoreoptimisticespeciallyiftheirparentshaddivorceD.ResearcherJudyDunnfoundasimilarpatternamongolderadults.Iinterviewedabout100womenabouttheirsistersbutiftheyalsohadbrothersIaskedthemtocomparE.Mostsaidtheytalkedtotheirsistersmoreoftenatgreaterlengthandaboutmorepersonaltopics.Thisoftenmeantthattheyfeltclosertotheirsisters.It'struethathavingasistermakesonehappierbutitneedn'tbetalksaboutemotions.WhenwomentoldmetheytalktotheirsistersmoreoftenatgreaterlengthandaboutmorepersonaltopicsIbelieveit'sthefirstelementthatisthemostimportantratherthantherest.25.WhydidthewifeblameherhusbandinParagraph3?A.BecausehelaughedathisdivorcedfrienD.B.Becausehestayedwithhisfriendfortoolong.C.Becauseshedidn'tthinkhehadshowncaretohisfrienD.D.Becauseshedidn'tlikeherhusband'scontactwithhisfrienD.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthesixthparagraph?A.Evenanolderadultcanbehappierifhehasasister.B.Women'sstylesofconversationarebetterthanmen's.C.Talkingisn'ttheonlyfactorthatmakespeoplehappier.D.Talkingaboutproblemsisthebestwaytoshowcareforothers.27.Asfortalksbetweensisters.whatisthemostimportantinthewriter'sopinion?A.Thecontent.B.Thefrequency.C.ThetopiC.D.Thelength.28.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhySisterlyChatsMakePeopleHappierB.Sisters'NaturalTendencyinEmotionalTalkingC.TalkingIstheBestWaytoMakePeopleHappyD.WomenEnjoyDifferentStylesofCommunication
Anewstudywarnsthataboutthirtypercentoftheworld’speoplemaynothaveenoughwaterbytheyear2025.AprivateAmericanorganizationcalledPopulationActionInternationaldidthenewstudy.Itsaysmorethan335millionpeoplelackenoughwaternow.Thepeoplelivein28countries.MostofthecountriesareinAfricaortheMiddleEast.P-A-IresearcherRobertEngelmansaysbytheyear2025about3000millionpeoplemaylackwater.Atleast18morecountriesareexpectedtohaveseverewaterproblems.Thedemandforwaterkeepsincreasing.YettheamountofwaterontheearthstaysthesamE.Mr.EngelmansaysthepopulationincountriesthatlackwaterisgrowingfasterthaninotherpartsoftheworlD.HesayspopulationgrowthinthesecountrieswillcontinuetoincreasE.Thereportsayslackofwaterinthefuturemayresultinseveralproblems.Itmayincreasehealthproblems.LackofwateroftenmeansdrinkingwaterisnotsafE.MrEngelmansaysthereareproblemsallovertheworldbecauseofdiseasessuchascholerawhicharecarriedinwater.Lackofwatermayalsoresultinmoreinternationalconflict.CountriesmayhavetocompeteforwaterinthefuturE.Somecountriesnowgetsixtypercentoftheirfreshwaterfromothercountries.ThisistrueofEgypttheNetherlandsCambodiaSyriaSudanandIraq.Andthereportsayslackofwaterwouldaffecttheabilityofdevelopingtoimprovetheireconomies.Thisisbecausenewindustriesoftenneedalargeamountofwaterwhentheyarebeginning.ThePopulationActionInternationalstudygivesseveralsolutionstothewaterproblem.OnewayitsaysistofindwaystousewaterformorethanonepurposE.Anotherwayistoteachpeopletobecarefulnottowastewater.A.thirdwayistouselesswaterofagriculturE.Thereportalsosayslong-termsolutionstothewaterproblemmustincludecontrolsonpopulationgrowth.ItsayscountriescannotprovidecleanwaterunlesstheyslowpopulationgrowthbylimitingthenumberofchildrenpeoplehavE.24.Thefirstfourparagraphsmainlytellus.A.thefactofthegloballackofwaterB.theimportanceofwaterresourcesC.theseriousnessofwatershortageD.thestudyoftheglobalwatercondition25.WhichofthefollowingproblemsisNOTtrueaboutlackofwateraccordingtothepassage?A.Itmaybringaboutalotofhealthproblems.B.Itmayresultinmoreinternationalconflict.C.Itmayleadtotheimprovementofnewindustries.D.Itmayinfluencethedevelopmentoftheeconomics.26.Whichofthefollowingisthewaytosolvewaterprobleminthelongrun?A.Tousewaterinavarietyofways.B.Tobecomeawareofthewaterproblem.C.Toreducetheuseofagriculturalwater.D.Tolimittherisingbirthrateoftheearth.27.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?A.①②③→④⑤→⑥⑦B.①②③④→⑤→⑥⑦C.①②③④→⑤⑥→⑦D.①②③→④→⑤→⑥⑦
PeoplehavestrangeideasaboutfooD.ForexampletomatoisakindofverydeliciousvegetablE.Itisoneofusefulplantsthatcanbepreparedinmanyways.Ithasrichnutrition营养andvitamininit.Butinthe18thcenturyAmericansneveratetomatoes.Theygrewthemintheirgardensbecausetomatoplantsaresopretty.Buttheythoughtthevegetablewaspoisonous有毒的.Theycalledtomatoespoisonapples.PresidentThomasJeffersonhoweverknowthattomatoesweregoodtoeat.Hewasalearnedman.HehadbeentoPariswherehelearnedtolovethetasteoftomatoes.Hegrewmanykindsoftomatoesinhisgarden.ThePresidenttaughthiscookawayforacreamoftomatosoup.ThisbeautifulpinksoupwasservedatthePresidentparty.ThegueststhoughtthesouptastedreallygooD.Theyneverthoughttheirpresidentwouldservehishonoredguestspoisonapples.Jeffersonneverspoketohishonoredguestsaboutthefact.11.Tomatoisakindof___________.A.poisonousfruitB.poisonousvegetableC.tastyfruitD.tastyvegetable12.Afteryoureadthepassagewhichofthefollowingdoyouthinkistrue?A.Americansneveratetomatoesaftertheybegantoplantthem.B.Americansdidn’teattomatoesbefore19thcentury.C.EvennowAmericansdon’teattomatoes.D.Inthe18thcenturyAmericansatealotoftomatoes.13.Jeffersonlearnedthattomatoesweregoodtoeat____.A.whilehewasinParisB.whenhewasalittleboyC.becausehisparentstoldhimsoD.frombooks14.FromthepassageweknowallthehonoredguestsinvitedbyJeffersonwere____.A.peoplefromothercountriesB.fromFranceC.peopleofhisowncountryD.menonly15.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.NoneoftheguestsknewthesoupthatwasservedatthePresident’spartywasmadeoftomatoes.B.AllofthegueststhoughtthesoupwhichwaspreparedbythePresident’scookwasnicE.C.PresidentThomasJeffersonknewthattomatoesweregoodtoeatandnotpoisonousatall.D.Alloftheguestsdidn’tknowthattheirpresidentwouldservehishonoredguestspoisonapples.
Cantreestalk?Yesbutnotinwords.Scientistshavereasontobelievethattreesdocommunicatewitheachother.Notlongagoresearcherslearnedsomesurprisingthings.Firstawillowtreeattackedinthewoodsbycaterpillars毛虫changedthechemistryofitsleavesandmadethemtastesoterriblethattheygottiredoftheleavesandstoppedeatingthem.Thenevenmoreastonishingthetreesentoutaspecialsmell—asignal信号causingitsneighborstochangethechemistryoftheirownleavesandmakethemlesstasty.Communicationofcoursedoesn’tneedtobeinwords.Wecantalktoeachotherbysmilingraisingourshouldersandmovingourhands.Weknowthatbirdsandanimalsuseawholevocabularyofsongssoundsandmovements.Beesdancetheirsignalsflyingincertainpatternsthattellotherbeeswheretofindnectar花蜜forhoney.Sowhyshouldn’ttreeshavewaysofsendingmessage?28.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatcaterpillarsdonotfeedonleavesthat______.A.arelyingonthegroundB.haveanunpleasanttasteC.beesdon’tlikeD.haveanunfamiliarshape29.Thewillowtreedescribedinthepassageprotecteditselfby______.A.growingmorebranchesB.communicatingwithbirdsandbeesC.changingitsleafchemistryD.shakingcaterpillarsoff30.Accordingtothepassagethewillowtreewasabletocommunicatewithothertreesby______.A.wavingitsbranchesB.givingoffaspecialsmellC.droppingitsleavesD.changingthecolorofitstrunk31.Accordingtothispassagebeescommunicateby______.A.makingspecialmovementB.touchingoneanotherC.smellingoneanotherD.makingunusualsound
Developedanddevelopingnationscanlearnfromeachotherseekingalow-carboneconomy.IntermsofenergysavingandgreeneconomyChinadoesn'tlagbehinddevelopednationssaidZhouChangyidirectoroftheenergysavingdepartmentoftheMinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnology.WhilewecanlearnmanyaspectsfromdevelopednationstheyalsoshouldlearnsomethingfromussuchaswaterconservationZhousaidinaspeechduringthenewPathofChina'sIndustrializationforumattheongoingChinaInternationalIndustryFair.HesaidindustrializednationsandChinaaredealingwithdifferentissuestofightclimatechangE.TheUnitedKingdomforexampleisconcernedabouttransportbuildingsandnewenergyinreducingcarbonemissions.ForChinathemosturgenttaskishowtorealizenewtypeofindustrializationandavoidmistakesthatothercountriesmadewhentheyindustrializeD.SwisspowerandautomationtechnologygroupABBcalledforastrongerfocusonproductlife-cycleassessmentorLCAwhichisusedtostudytheenvironmentalimpactofaproductfromtheresearchandmanufacturingstagethroughitsusageandrecycling.TobiasBeckerheadofABB'sprocessautomationdivisionforNorthAsiaandChinasaidLCAisaneffectivetoolinhelpingmanufacturingindustriestoreducecarbonemissions.LCAshowsthatindustrialcustomersshouldfocusonaproduct'senvironmentalimpactthroughoutitslife-cycleinsteadofonitsinitialinvestment.RichardHausmannNorthEastAsiaCEOofSiemenssaidThecoloroffutureindustrializationisgreen.TheGermanycompanyrecentlyannouncesthatitwantstoreceiveordersworthmorethan6billionEurosUS8.8billionforintelligentpowernetworksSmartGridoverthenextfiveyears.Siemenshasseta20percentmarketsharetargetfortheglobalsmartgridbusiness.Asmartgriddeliverselectricityfromsupplierstoconsumersusingdigitaltechnologyadvancedsensorsspecializedcomputersthatsaveenergyreducecostsandincreasereliability.TheUnitedStatesandChinaareconsideredthetwobiggestmarketsforsmartgriD.12.WhichofthefollowingcanbestreplacethephraselagbehindinParagraph1A.actbetterthanB.performworsethanC.runfasterthanD.keepquieterthan13.WhatdoweknowaboutLCAfromthetext?A.LCAisusedtostudytheimpactonaproduct.B.LCAisoneoftheexhibitionsatthisyear'sfair.C.LCAcanhelpmanufacturingindustriesdecreasecarbonreleasealot.D.LCAadvisesindustrialcustomerstofocusontheinitialinvestment.14.____aboutSmartGridisn'tmentionedinthetext.A.SmallinsizeB.Low-costC.Energy-savingD.Security15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IntelligentPowerNetworksB.Low-carbonEconomy-aSharedGoalC.TwoBiggestMarketsforSmartGridD.DevelopedandDevelopingNationsCanLearnfromEachOther
High-techmachineshavemadelifeeasierformillionsaroundtheworlD.Howeversomepeoplestillpreferlow-techwaysofdoingthings.Here'sanexampleofwhythisishappening.Youcanmicrowaveafrozenhamburgerin60seconds.Howeveritwon'ttasteasgoodasoneyoucookonthestovE.Andifyou'reinthatmuchofahurryyouprobablywon'ttaketimetotoastthebun.High-techcookingsavestimebutitdoesn'tmakeforbettertastingmeals.Mostpeoplegettheirnewsfromhigh-techsourcesliketelevisionortheInternet.Thishasmanyadvantages.Forexampleelectronicnewsismoreuptodatethannewspapersormagazines.It'salsomoreexcitingtoseeliveandvideotapednewseventsthanphotographs.Howevernewspapersandmagazineshavesomeimportantadvantages.Theygivemorebackgroundanddetails.Theyalsoletyoureadthepartsthatareimportanttoyouandskiptherest.Otherhigh-techtimesavershavesimilardisadvantages.Forexamplemostpeopleusethephoneoremailtostayintouchwithfriendsandfamilymemberswholiveinotherplaces.ButwhenyouusetheInternetorthephoneyoudon'talwaysthinkcarefullyaboutwhatyouaresayingandsometimesyouforgettheimportantthingsyouwanttocommunicatE.Similarlywhenyouword-processahomeworkassignmentinsteadofhandwritingityoucancheckyourspellingelectronicallyandputinfancyheadings.Howeversomestudentsaresobusywiththecomputerthattheydon'tpayenoughattentiontotheactualwordstheyarewriting.29.Whatdoweknowabouthigh-techcooking?A.Itcan'tmakemuchfooD.B.Itispopularwitheveryfamily.C.Itmakesfoodslowerthanlow-techcooking.D.Itcan'tmakefoodasdeliciousaslow-techcooking.30.WhatisanadvantageofthenewsinnewspaperscomparedtothatontheInternet?A.Quickupdates.B.Livenewsevents.C.Detailedinformation.D.Convenientnewssources.31.Whichofthefollowingproverbscansummarizethetext?A.Easycomeeasygo.B.Betterlatethannever.C.Everycoinhastwosides.D.Learntowalkbeforeyourun.
Whiledogkeepersrealizetheirdogscanreadtheirmoodsaccuratelyscientistshavealwaysbeenalittledoubtful.NowthankstosomeresearchersattheUniversityofVeterinaryMedicineinViennaAustriawefinallyhavesomeconvincingevidencE.FortheirstudybiologistCorsonMillerandhisteamexposedelevenselecteddogstodigitalimagesofwomenthatwereeitherangryorhappy.Halfthedogswererewardedfortouchingthescreenwhenshownahappyfacewhiletheotherhalfgottheirtreatforselectingthosethatappearedangry.InterestinglythedogswerenotprovidedwiththeentirefacE.Somedogswereshownonlyupperhalveswhiletheothersobservedlowerhalves.That’sbecausethescientistsbelievehumansshowtheiremotionsontheirentirefacE.AftersometraininglikehowtorecognizesmalldifferenceslikethewrinklesbetweentheeyesorthechangesintheirshapethataccompanythehappyorangryexpressionsthedogsweremostlyabletoidentifythecorrectexpressionnotonlyonafamiliarfacebutonastrangefacE.Theresearchersconcludedthedogsweresmartenoughtoreadhumanemotions.Theyalsofoundthosebeingtrainedtoreadangryexpressionstookalongertimetolearn.Theyguessitmaybebecausedogsfindangryfacesdisgustingcausingthemtowithdrawquickly.Howeveroncethesmartdogsrealizedtheyweregettingrewardedthetrepidationseemedtodisappear.InfactthedogshadsuchagoodtimeplayingthecomputergamethatscientistshadahardtimekeepingthemawayfromthetouchscreensafterthestudywascompleteD.Theresearchersalsonoticedonlydogswithamaleownerhadahardertimeunderstandingtheexpressionscorrectl.Sincethetouchscreenmodelswereallfemalesthisconfirmedwhathasbeenobservedinpreviousstudies-dogsaremoreefficientatreadingfacialexpressionsofpeoplethatarethesamegenderastheirowner.9.Howdidthescientistsconducttheexperiment?A.Bymixingtheselecteddogstogether.B.Byleavingdogstowomenwhoareeitherhappyorangry.C.Byshowingdigitalpicturesofwomen’shappyorangryfaces.D.Byrewardingonlyhalfofthedogstouchingthescreen.10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthedogsinthestudy?A.ThedogswerenotallprovidedwiththeentirefacE.B.Thedogscouldn’treadstrangersfacialemotions.C.Accordingtotheirsizethedogsweregiveneitherupperorlowerhalves.D.Thedogscouldmakeoutsmallchangesaccompanyingfacialexpressions.11.TheunderlinedwordtrepidationinParagraph5probablymeans.A.curiosityB.horrorC.excitementD.doubt12.Howmighttheresultschangeifthedogswithfemaleownersareshownpicturesofmalefaces?A.Theywouldbescaredawayatthesightofthepictures.B.TheyfounditeasytotelltheemotionsontheentirefacE.C.Theycouldonlytellemotionsonpartialfacesratherthanonentirefaces.D.Theyfoundithardtotellthemoodsonthefacesofadifferentgender.
Facialexpressionscarrymeaningthatisdeterminedbysituationsandrelationships.ForexampleinAmericanculture文化thesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasurE.Yetitalsohasotheruses.A.woman’ssmileatapoliceofficerdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmileshegivestoayoungchilD.A.smilemayshowloveorpoliteness.Itcanalsohidetruefeelings.Itoftencausesconfusion困惑acrosscultures.ForexamplemanypeopleinRussiaconsidersmilingatstrangersinpublictobeunusualandevenimproper.YetmanyAmericanssmilefreelyatstrangersinpublicplacesalthoughthisislesscommoninbigcities.SomeRussiansbelievethatAmericanssmileinthewrongplaces;someAmericansbelievethatRussiansdon’tsmileenough.InSoutheastAsiancultureasmileisfrequentlyusedtocoverpainfulfeelings.VietnamesepeoplemaytellasadstorybutendthestorywithasmilE.Ourfacesshowemotions情感butweshouldnotattempttoreadpeoplefromanothercultureaswewouldreadsomeonefromourownculturE.Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasmembersofanotherdoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperienceemotions.RatherthereareculturaldifferencesintheamountoffacialexpressionspermitteD.ForexampleinpublicandinformalsituationsmanyJapanesedonotshowtheiremotionsasfreelyasAmericansdo.WhenwithfriendsJapaneseandAmericansseemtoshowtheiremotionssimilarly.ItisdifficulttogeneralizeaboutAmericansandfacialexpressivenessbecauseofpersonalandculturaldifferencesintheUnitedStates.PeoplefromcertainculturalbackgroundsintheUnitedStatesseemtobemorefaciallyexpressivethanothers.Thekeyistotrynottojudgepeoplewhosewaysofshowingemotionaredifferent.Ifwejudgeaccordingtoourownculturalhabitswemaymakethemistakeofreadingtheotherpersonincorrectly.27.WhatdoesthesmileusuallymeanintheU.S.?A.LovE.B.Politeness.C.Joy.D.Thankfulness.28.TheauthormentionsthesmileoftheVietnamesetoprovethatsmilecan___.A.showfriendlinesstostrangersB.beusedtohidetruefeelingsC.beusedinthewrongplacesD.showpersonalhabits29.Whatshouldwedobeforeattemptingtoreadpeople?A.Understandtheirculturalbackgrounds.B.Learnabouttheirrelationswithothers.C.FindoutabouttheirpastexperiencE.D.Figureoutwhattheywilldonext.30.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetest?A.CulturalDifferencesB.SmilesandRelationshipC.FacialExpressivenessD.HabitsandEmotions
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