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It is 7 am and the alarm is going off. You know you have to be out of bed to catch the bus. But...
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高中英语《陕西省西安市第一中学2016-2017学年高二下学期第二次月考英语试题 Word版含答案》真题及答案
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Myalarmclockdidn’tgooffandIwokeuplatethismorning.
There was nothing wrong with my alarm clock.
My alarm clock worked well.
Nothing was wrong with my alarm clock .
Something was wrong with my alarm clock.
语法填空阅读下面的短文在空白处填入一个合适的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式不多于3个单词Hello
Helloboysandgirls!TodayIamgoingtotalkwithwhatyoush
SorryI’mlatE.I___________可能是关掉了thealarm.turn
根据短文内容从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空使短文完整正确每个词只能用一次有两个多余选项
Helloboysandgirls!TodayIamgoingtotalkwithwhatyoush
―HowcanIwakeupsoearly?―Setthealarmat5:00am._______
but
and
or
so
SorryIamlatE.I______haveturnoffthealarmclockandgon
might
should
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would
ThemomentIhearmyalarmclockIjumpoutofmybeD.=_______
IfIyouIgiveittoTom.
was；would
were；would
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I_____upearlywhenIwasinhighschoolbutnowI_____uparo
used to get; used to get
am used to getting; used to get
used to get; am used to getting
am used to getting; am used to getting
下面短文中有10处语言错误请在有错误的地方增加删除或修改某个单词 注意 1.每句不超过两个错误
I’mafraidIwon’tcome_______7am.and9am.Iwillbeworkin
until
between
during
for
Hesetsthealarmfor7amand7:05amtogettinguplate.
SorryIamlatE.I_____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgo
might
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will
61.Iwentbackhome____________庆祝mygrandfather’sbirth
－SamWhatcanIdotogetupearly?－Setthealarmat6:00amyou
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Myalarmclockdidn'tgooff.IkeptsleepandwhenIwokeupit
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ManagementConsultantSuzyWelchremembersthemoment14yearsagowhenherlifeimploded压破.ShewasspeakingtoanauditoriumfullofinsuranceexecutivesinHawaiiwhenshesawthefacesoftwoofherchildrenthensixandfivepressedagainsttheglassdoor.Shehadparkedtheminadanceclassbutthey’dfledouttofindher.ShewrappedupherremarksandcanceledtheQ&A.Iwastryingtopleaseeveryonebutpleasingno-oneshesaysIhadtorethinkthewayImademydecisions.AuthorofthebestsellingWinningwrittenwithhusbandJackWelchformerheadofGESuzyWelch49hasanewbook10-10-10thatdetailsthestrategyshecreatedafterthetremendousdecision-makingmoment.Themotheroffourexplains:Whenfacedwithavitaldecisionaskyourselfhowwillmychoiceaffectmylifetenminutesfromnow?Tenmonthsfromnow?Tenyearsfromnow?Toooftenwedecidesomethingbyavoidingtheimmediateouch.Butbylookingatthemiddleandlongertimeframesaswellastheshort-termwe’reaccessingourrealvalues.MybusinesstripisanexamplE.HadIappliedthestrategytoitbackthenIwouldhavedeclinedit.Ihadotherworktravelcomingup.IwasneededathomE.Manypeoplehavefound‘10-10-10’thrilling.Anentrepreneurmovedforwardwithanewbusinessplanbutwithoutthegirlfriendwhodidn’tsharehisgoals.A.mumofatroubledteenfinallygothimtoapsychologistafterputtingitoff.Ofteninourmoststressfulmomentswemakedecisionsbyinstinctonly.OrweaskafriendforadvicE.Orwemakenodecisionandsufferforit.Wecanlivemuchmoredeliberatelybytakingcontrolofchoicesandreallyunderstandingthem.Surethere’sstillroomforspontaneity自发的行为.Butwhenyoulookatthingsfromthreedistincttimeframesandassesstheconsequencesneveragainwillyousay‘IhavenoideawhyImadethisdecision.’63.WhatdidSuzydotohertwokidsbeforeaddressingthoseexecutives14yearsago?A.Shelefttheminacarinaparkinglot.B.Shehadadanceclasstogetherwiththetwokids.C.Shefedthekidsalotoffoodandletthemsleep.D.Shejustlefttheminadanceclass.64.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.SuzyandherhusbandusedtoworkinGEandtheyachievedgreatsuccessinbusiness.B.Suzyandherhusbandhadfourchildren.C.Suzybelievedthatmanypeoplereachedadecisionbyavoidingdirectpains.D.Suzyfailedtogiveupherworktravelbecauseshehadn’thadhergreatstrategiesthen.65.WhichofthefollowingisprobablyoneofthestrategiesinSuzy’sbook?A.WhendoingbusinessyoushouldlearntopleaseeveryonE.B.Beforemakingavitaldecisionyoushouldaskyourselfinsteadofothers.C.Whencarryingoutanewplanyou’dbettertakeyourgirlfrienD.D.Theassessmentofconsequencesplaysavitalroleindecision-making.66.Suzy’snewbookwasmainlyabout_______.A.howtodealwithnumberswhendoingbusinessB.howtomakedecisionsbyfollowingherstrategiesC.howtoobtainmorebenefitsinbusiness111]D.howtomakedetailedstrategiesinbusiness
Wealreadyknowthefastestleastexpensivewaytoslowclimatechange:Uselessenergy.Withalittleeffortandnotmuchmoneymostofuscouldreduceourenergydietsby25percentormore—doingtheEarthafavorwhilealsohelpingourwallets.NotlongagomywifePJandItriedanewdiet—nottolosealittleweightbuttoansweranannoyingquestionaboutclimatechangE.Scientistshavereportedrecentlythattheworldisbendingupevenfasterthanpredictedonlyafewyearsagoandthattheconsequencescouldbesevereifwedon'tkeepreducingemissions排放ofcarbondioxideCO2andothergreenhousegasesthataretrappingheatinouratmospherE.Wedecidedtotryanexperiment.ForonemonthwerecordedourpersonalemissionsofCO2.Wewantedtoseehowmuchwecouldcutbacksowewentonastrictdiet.TheaverageUShousehold家庭producesabout150poundsofCO2adaybydoingcommon-placethingsliketurningonair-conditioningordrivingcars.That'smorethantwicetheEuropeanaverageandalmostfivetimestheglobalaveragemostlybecauseAmericansdrivemoreandhavebiggerhouses.Buthowmuchshouldwetrytoreduce?ForananswerIcheckedwithTimFlanneryauthorofTheWeatherMakers:HowManisChangingtheClimateandWhatitMeansforLifeonEarth.Inhisbookhehadchallengedreaderstomakedeepcutsinpersonalemissionstokeeptheworldfromreachingextremelyimportanttippingpointssuchasthemelting融化oftheicesheetsinGreenlandorWestAntarcticA.TostaybelowthatpointweneedtoreduceCO2emissionsby80percenthesaiD.GoodadviceIthought.I'dopenedourbedroomwindowstoletinthewinD.We'dgottensousedtokeepingourair-conditioninggoingaroundtheclock.I'dalmostforgottenthewindowsevenopeneD.Weshouldnotletthishappenagain.It'stimeforustochangeourhabitsifnecessary.21.Whydidtheauthorandhiswifetryanewdiet?A.TotakespecialkindsoffooD.B.TorespondtoclimatechangE.C.Toloseweight.D.Toimprovetheirhealth.22.Theunderlinedwordstippingpointsmostprobablyreferto.A.freezingpointsB.burningpointsC.meltingpointsD.boilingpoints23.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.itisnecessarytokeeptheair-conditioningonallthetimeB.itseemspossibleforeveryhouseholdtocutemissionsofCO2C.theaverageUShouseholdproducesabout3000poundsofCO2amonthD.theaverageEuropeanhouseholdproducesabout1000poundsofCO2amonth
AnewstudyrevealedthattheformationoftheEarthSunandMoonthatcausechangesinEarth'stidescanalsotriggeraspecialkindofEarthquakealongtheCalifornia'sSanAndreasFault断层.ThestudypublishedinthejournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofScienceisbasedonpreviousresearchersuggestingthatthegravitationaltugofsunandmoonisnotonlyaffectingthesealevelsofEarthbutcanalsostretchandcompressthatEarth'scrustproducingtremorsandquakes.FurthermorethenewstudyshowedthatsmalltremorsdeepundergroundweremorelikelytooccurduringcertainperiodsofthetidalcyclE.Forthestudytheresearcherslookedatabout81000lowfrequencyearthquakesfrom2008to2015alongtheParkfieldsectionoftheSanAndreasFaultandcomparedittothetwoweektidalcycleknownasthefortnightlytide.LowfrequencyearthquakesarenamedduetotherumblingsoundtheymakeandnotbytherateofitsoccurrencE.Thesekindsofearthquakeonlyoccurabout15to30kilometersbelowgroundandarenolargerthanmagnitude1intheRichterscalE.TheresearchersdiscoveredthatlowfrequencyearthquakestendtooccurduringthewaxingperiodofthetidalcyclewhenthetidesaregettinglittlebylittlE.ItisalreadyknownthatthestrongestEarthtidesoccurwhenthesunandmoonareinastraightlinewhilethetideisatitsweakeststatewhenthesunandmoonare90degreesapart.AccordingtotheresearcherslowfrequencyearthquakesshowthatsomepartoftheSanAndreasFaultiscreepingorslowlymovingalmostallthetimE.Withthehelpofthetidalforceslowfrequencyearthquakescouldprovidemoreinformationaboutthedeeperpartofthefault.TheytellusthatthefaultcontinuesdownbelowwheretheregularortypicalearthquakesstopontheSanAndreasabout10or12kmabout6to7milessaidDavidShellyaseismologistatUSGSandhelpedwritethestudyinastatement.AndtheytellusalotofthingsaboutthatdeeppartofthefaultthatwehadnoideaexistedatallbeforE.It'salmostlikehavingalotoflittlecreepmetersembeddedinthefaultShellysaiD.Wecanusetheselowfrequencyearthquakesasmeasurementsofatleastinarelativesensehowmuchslipishappeningateachlittlespotonthedeeppartofthefaultwhereweseetheseevents.Whenwedon'tseethemwedon'tknowwhat'shappening;wedon'tknowwhetheritisslippingsilentlyornotslippingatall.TheinformationisincrediblyusefulheaddeD.Wheneverthedeeppartofthefaultslipsthestressgetstransferredtotheshallowpartofthefault.SoifallofasuddenwesawthatthedeeppartofthefaultwasslippingahugeamountitmightbeanindicationthattherewasanincreasedchanceofhavinganearthquakecomeattheshallowerpartofthefaulthesaiD.38.Whatcausestremorsandquakesaccordingtothepassage?A.TheformationoftheEarthSunandMoon.B.ThechangeofthesealevelsofEarth.C.TheeffectofthegravitationaltugofsunandmoononEarth'scrust.D.ThemovementofcreepinginthedeeppartoftheSanAndresFault.39.TheunderlinedwordtheyinParagraph6refersto________.A.theresearchersB.thetidalforcesC.thelowfrequencyearthquakesD.thetypicalearthquakes40.Lowfrequencyearthquakesoccurwhen________.A.thetidesaregettingbiggergraduallyB.thesunandmoonareinastraightlineC.thesunandmoonare90degreesapartD.theSanAndreasFaultmovesslowly41.AccordingtoShellythemostimportantfunctionofthestudyisto________.A.findoutwherethetypicalearthquakesoccurB.indicatewhentheregularearthquakesoccurC.uncoverhowlowfrequencyearthquakesoccurD.offermoreinformationaboutthedeeperpartofthefault
BeingsociablelookslikeagoodwaytoaddyearstoyourlifE.Relationshipswithfamilyfriendsneighborsevenpetswillallhelpbutthebiggestlongevity长寿seemstocomefrommarriagE.Theeffectwasfirstnoticedin1858byWilliamFarrwhowrotethatwidowsandwidowers鳏夫wereatamuchhigherriskofdyingthanthemarriedpeoplE.Studiessincethensuggestthatmarriagecouldaddasmuchassevenyearstoaman’slifeandtwotoawoman’s.Theeffectcanbeseeninallcausesofdeathwhetherillnessaccidentorself-harm.Evenifthechancesareallagainstyoumarriagecanmorethancompensateyou.LindaWaiteoftheUniversityofChicagohasfoundthatamarriedoldermanwithheartdiseasecanexpecttolivenearlyfouryearslongerthananunmarriedmanwithahealthyheart.Similarlyamarriedmanwhosmokesmorethanapackadayislikelytoliveaslongasadivorcedmanwhodoesn’tsmokE.There’saflipsidehoweveraspartnersaremorelikelytobecomeillordieinthecoupleofyearsfollowingtheirhusbandorwife’sdeathandcaringforyourhusbandorwifewithmentaldisordercanleaveyouwithsomeofthesamesevereproblems.EvensothechancesfavormarriagE.Ina30-yearstudyofmorethan10000peopleNicholasChristakisofHarvardMedicalSchooldescribeshowallkindsofsocialnetworkshavesimilareffects.Sohowdoesitwork?Theeffectsarecomplicatedaffectedbysocio-economicfactorshealth-serviceprovisionemotionalsupportandothermorephysiologicalmechanisms生理机制.ForexamplesocialcontactcanpromotedevelopmentofthebrainandimmunesystemleadingtobetterhealthandlesschanceofdepressionlaterinlifE.Peopleinsupportiverelationshipsmayhandlestressbetter.Thentherearethepsychologicalbenefitsofasupportivepartner.A.lifepartnerchildrenandgoodfriendsareallrecommendedifyouaimtoliveto100.TheoverallsocialnetworkisstillbeingmappedoutbutChristakissays:Peopleareinter-connectedsotheirhealthisinter-connecteD.8.ItcanbeinferredfromthecontextthattheflipsideParA.2refersto_________.A.thedisadvantagesofbeingmarriedB.theemotionalproblemsarisingfrommarriageC.theresponsibilityoftakingcareofone'sfamilyD.theconsequenceofabrokenmarriage9.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsocialnetworks?A.TheyhaveeffectssimilartothoseofamarriagE.B.Theyhelpdeveloppeople'scommunityspirit.C.TheyprovidetimelysupportforthoseinneeD.D.Theyhelprelievepeopleoftheirlife'sburdens.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.It'simportantthatwedevelopasocialnetworkwhenyoung.B.Tostayhealthyoneshouldhaveapropersocialnetwork.C.Gettingadivorcemeansriskingareducedlifespan.D.Weshouldshareoursocialnetworkswitheachother.
Birdsandairportsaretwowordsthatpairedtogetherdon’tnormallypaintthemostharmoniouspicturE.SoitreallyraisessomeeyebrowswhenChinaannouncesplanstobuildanairportthat5sforbirds.Describedastheworld’sfirst-everbirdairporttheproposedLingangBirdSanctuary保护区inthenortherncoastalcityofTianjinisofcoursenotanactualairport.Ratherit’sawetlandpreservespecificallydesignedtoaccommodatehundreds—eventhousands—ofdailytakeoffsandlandingsbybirdstravelingalongtheEastAsian-AustralasianFlyway.Over50speciesofmigratory迁徙的waterbirdssomeendangeredwillstopandfeedattheprotectedsanctuarybeforecontinuingtheirlongjourneyalongtheflyway.Locatedonaformerlandfillsitethe61-hectare150-acreairportisalsoopentohumantravelers.Halfamillionvisitorsareexpectedannually.Howeverinsteadofduty-freeshoppingthemainattractionfornon-egg-layingcreaturesatTianjin’snewestairportwillbeagreen-roofededucationandresearchcenteraseriesofraisedobservationplatformsandanetworkofscenicwalkingandcyclingpathsandtrailstotalingover4miles.TheproposedBirdAirportwillbeagloballysignificantsanctuaryforendangeredmigratorybirdspecieswhileprovidingnewgreenlungsforthecityofTianjinAdrianMcGregorofAustralianlandscapearchitecturefirmMcGregorCoxallexplainedof.thedesign.FrequentlyblanketedinsmogsothickthatithasshutdownrealairportsTianjinisacity—China’sfourthmostpopulous—thatwouldcertainlybenefitfromanewpairofhealthygreenlungs.12.Theunderlinedphrase4non-egg-layingcreaturesinParagraph3refersto?A.endangeredwaterbirdsB.planesC.visitorsD.designers13.Whatdoweknowabouttheairportaccordingtothepassage?A.ItislocatedonalandfillsitE.B.PeoplecannotwatchbirdsupcloseherE.C.Itprovidesmigratorybirdswithfoodandshelter.D.ItfunctionsasanactualairportandawetlandpreserveatthesametimE.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.TianjinwillwinworldwidefameinthefuturE.B.TianjinwillbeabletoaccommodatemorepeoplE.C.Theairportwillbecomeapermanenthomeforbirds.D.Tianjin’airqualitywillimprovethankstotheairport....15.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.ChinaistoopenthefirstBirdAirport.B.Airportsturnintogreenlungs.C.Birdsarenolongerenemiestoairports.D.Airportsshutdownandopenup.
Forhundredsofmillionsofyearsturtles海龟havestruggledoutoftheseatolaytheireggsonsandybeacheslongbeforetherewerenaturedocumentariestocelebratethemorGPSsatellitesandmarinebiologiststotrackthemorvolunteerstohand-carrythehatchlings幼龟downtothewater’sedgelestforfearthattheybecomedisorientedbyheadlightsandcrawltowardsamotelparkinglotinsteaD.A.formidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines.Withallthatattentionpaidtothemyou’dthinkthesecreatureswouldatleasthavethegratitudenottogoextinctdieout.ButNatureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairnessandareportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticturtlesnotablyloggerheadswhichcangrowtoasmuchas400pounds.TheSouthFloridanestingpopulationthelargesthasdeclinedby50%inthelastdecadeaccordingtoElizabethGriffinamarinebiologistwiththeenvironmentalgroupOceanA.ThefigurespromptedOceanatopetitionthegovernmenttoupgradethelevelofprotectionfortheNorthAtlanticloggerheadsfromthreatenedtoendangered—meaningtheyareindangerofdisappearingwithoutadditionalhelp.Whichraisestheobviousquestion:whatelsedotheseturtleswantfromusanyway?ItturnsoutaccordingtoGriffinthatwhilewehavedoneagoodjobofprotectingtheturtlesfortheweekstheyspendonlandasegg-layingfemalesaseggsandashatchlingswehaveneglectedtheyearsspendintheocean.ThethreatisfromcommercialfishingsaysGriffin.Trawlerswhichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloorandlonglinefisherswhichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformilestakeaheavytollonturtles.Ofcourselikeeveryotherenvironmentalissuetodaythisisplayingoutagainstthebackgroundofglobalwarmingandhumaninterferencewithnaturalecosystems.Thenarrowstripsofbeachonwhichtheturtleslaytheireggsarebeingsqueezedononesidebydevelopmentandontheotherbythethreatofrisingsealevelsastheoceanswarm.Ultimatelywemustgetahandleonthoseissuesaswelloracreaturethatoutlivedthedinosaurs恐龙willmeetitsendatthehandsofhumansleavingourdescendantstowonderhowcreaturesouglycouldhavewonsomuchaffection.27.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat________.A.humanactivitieshavechangedthewayturtlessurviveB.effortshavebeenmadetoprotectturtlesfromdyingoutC.governmentbureaucracyhascontributedtoturtles’extinctionD.marinebiologistsarelookingforthesecretofturtles’reproduction28.WhatdoestheauthormeanbyNatureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairnessLine1ParA.2?A.Natureisquitefairregardingthesurvivalofturtles.B.Turtlesarebynatureindifferenttohumanactivities.C.ThecourseofnaturewillnotbechangedbyhumaninterferencE.D.Theturtlepopulationhasdecreasedinspiteofhumanprotection.29.WhatconstitutesamajorthreattothesurvivalofturtlesaccordingtoElizabethGriffin?A.Theirinadequatefoodsupply.B.Unregulatedcommercialfishing.C.Theirlowerreproductivelyability.D.Contaminationpollutionofseawater30.Howdoesglobalwarmingaffectthesurvivalofturtles?A.Itthreatensthesandybeachesonwhichtheylayeggs.B.Thechangingclimatemakesitdifficultfortheireggstohatch.C.Therisingsealevelsmakeitharderfortheirhatchlingstogrow.D.IttakesthemlongertoadapttothehighbeachtemperaturE.
ItmayseemlikeamomentinasciencefictionmoviE.InafiercebattleacreaturelosesanarmbutthengrowsanotheronetotakeitsplacE.Howeverthisisnotsciencefiction.Itisscientificfact.Somefishandamphibianssuchassalamanderscanregrowlostlimbsandorgans.Asmammalsevolvedtheylosttheabilitytoregroworregeneratepartsoftheirbody.Howeverexperimentsshowthatitmaybepossibletoregainthatability.Tropicalfreshwaterzebrafisharepopularpets.Theyarealsopopularaslabanimals.Theirembryos胚胎areclearortranslucent.Theycanregrowdamagedfinsskinandhearts.Zebrafisharealsogenetically基因地similartohumans.In2013thewebsiteSci-Newsreportedthatresearchershadfoundthat70percentofprotein-codinghumangenesarerelatedtogenesfoundinthezebrafish.ThereportalsosaidthatresearchersattheWellcomeTrustSangerInstituteinBritainalsofoundthat84percentofgenesknowntobeconnectedtohumandiseasehaveazebrafishcounterpart.ScientistWangYadongisoneofthePittsburgresearchers.Heandhisteamarestudyingtheabilityofzebrafishtoregeneratelimbsandorgans.Wangsaysyoucancutawayabout20percentofthezebrafishheartanditwillregeneratE.Headdthatsameprocessmaybeabletohelphumans.Scientistsinjected注射anextracellularmatrixorECMfromtheheartofazebrafishintoaseverelydamagedmouseheart.Theyfoundthattheheartmuscleregrewindays.TheyfoundsomethingelsE.ThehealingwasevenfasterwhentheECMwastakenfromzebrafishthatwasitselfintheprocessofre-growingdamagedtissuE.12.Themainreasonwhythezebrafishwerechosenaslabanimalsisthat_____________.A.theyarepopularpetsB.theirbodiesarecleartostudyC.theyaregeneticallysimilartohumansD.theyareeasytofindfortheresearchers13.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordcounterpartinParagraph5probablymean?A.A.similarthing.B.A.differentfish.C.A.humanbeing.D.A.littlemousE.14.AfterinjectingECMfromazebrafishintothedamagedmouseheartwhatdidscientistsfind?A.Thezebrafishdiedquickly.B.Themouseheartregrewindays.C.Thezebrafishheartregrewquickly.D.Themousehealedmoreslowlythannormal.15.Whereisthemostprobablytakenfrom?A.A.sciencefiction.B.A.guidebook.C.A.fashionmagazinE.D.A.sciencereport.
Needanappforthat?AnvithaVijay9yearsoldcanbuildit.WiththehelpofYouTubevideostheyounggirlfromMelbourneAustraliaLearnedtocode编程atage7.Soonshewastryingherhandatmakingapps.WhenIfirstgotmyiPadIwasattractedbyalltheappsonitshetoldTFK.Itwasn'tlongbeforeIwantedtocreatemyown.ShebuiltherfirsttwoappswithheryoungersisterinminD.SmartkinsAnimalshelpschildrenknowmorethan100animalsandtheirsounds.SmartkinsRainbowColorsteacheskidscolors.Eachapphasbeendownloadedthousandsoftimes.Anvitha'sskillswonheranawardtoattendabigtechconferencehostedbyAppleinSanFranciscoCaliforniaThereshegottipsfromsomanysmartpeoplE.Shewenttoworkshopswhereshelearnedaboutthelatestsoftware软件forappbuilding.Allthattrainingledtoanideaforathirdapp.ThisonecalledGoalsHiinspireskidstopracticegoodhabits.Usersarerewardedforachievinggoalssuchaseatingtheirvegetablesorpracticingpiano.KidscansetgoalswiththisappandgetstarswhentheyachievethemshesaysTheideaistoencouragekidstoachieveonelittlestepaday.Anvitha'sgoalistocontinuecreatingtechnologythathelpskidslearnwhilehavingfun.Butevenmoreimportanttoheristhattheworldseesthepoweroftechnologyinkids'hands.ThemoretrainingwegetintechnologyatanearlyageshesaysthebetterchancewehaveofbecomingpeoplewhowillonedaychangetheworlD.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Anvithahascreatededucationalapps.B.Anvithawonanawardforpracticingpiano.C.Thepoweroftechnologyhasbeeninkids'hands.D.Educationalappsareverypopularamongparents.13.WhichofthefollowinghelpedAnvithatolearntocodeatanearlyage?A.YouTubevideos.B.Heryoungersister.C.AllappsonheriPadD.AlltraininginAustraliA.14.WhatdoweknowabouttheappsAnvithacreated?A.Theyteachkidstopaint.B.Theyteachkidstokeeppets.C.Theyhelpkidstoinventinstruments.D.Theyhelpkidslearnwhilehavingfun.15.What'sthegeneralmeaningofwhatAnvithasaysinthelastparagraph?A.Kidsshouldkeephavingabeautifuldream.B.KidsmasteringtechnologymustchangetheworlD.C.Workhardandyou'llhaveabetterlifeinthefuturE.D.ChildrenhadbettergettrainingintechnologyasearlyaspossiblE.
Beforediscussingdifferentkindsofemotionsletusbrieflytalkabouthowresearchersmeasurebodilyprocessesandactionorbehaviorandhowthisrelatestowhatwedoinourdailyliveswhenweobserveemotionsinothers.Bodilyprocessescanbedirectlymeasuredbymeansofapolygraph.Whenapolygraphisskillfullyusedtocomparehowwereactbodilywithwhatwearesayingitiscalledaliedetector.Bodilyprocessescanalsobemeasuredindirectly.Thisiswhatwedowhenweobservesomeoneblushing脸红.Howeverwearenotalwaysawareofwhatbodilyprocessesrespondto.Measuringactionorbehavioristheotherwayresearchersassesstheemotions.ForexampleonemeasureoffearofsnakesishowcloseapersonwillgotothesnakE.Anotherprocedureistohaveapersontellhowafraidheisorhowhefeels.Inthiswayresearchershavedevelopedtheso－calledfearthermometertoassessaperson'sfear.Inoureverydaylivingwedoverymuchthesamething.Onlynottoosystematicallywereacttowhatapersondoeswhathesayshowhesaysitandhowhelooks.Ishesmiling?Ishisvoicetrembling?Weputallthisobservationstogethertoinferwhatapersonisfeeling.Howeverwedonotalwaysactaswefeel.Sometimeswedothingsthatwedon'tfeellikedoing.Sometimeswesaywefeelonewayandthenweactanother.Actorsforexamplesuccessfullylearntomakebelieveemotionsorlearntohidethem.Thuswecannotalwaystellwhatapersonisfeelingbywhathesaysorbywhathedoes.29.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Wecannevertellwhatapersonisfeeling.B.Thefearthermometerisawaytomeasurehowfearfulapersonis.C.Researcherscanassesstheemotionsinsomeways.D.Peopledonotalwaysknowwhatbodilyprocessestheyrespondto.30.Theunderlinedwordassessinthe3rdparagraphiscloseinmeaningto______.A.makeB.measureC.discussD.develop31.Thewriterusestheexampleofactorsinordertoarguethat______.A.itisrathereasytobecomesuccessfulactorsB.peopledonotalwaysactastheyfeelC.wecanneverbelievewhatotherpeoplesayD.actorsarealwaystellinglies32.Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.thewayofassessingtheemotionB.theusefulnessofaliedetectorC.thefunctioningofdifferentemotionsD.thedevelopmentofthefearthermometer
Adultsarehappytotelltheirchildrenthatcrusts面包皮willgivethemcurlyhaircarrotswillhelpthemseeinthedarkandspinachwillmakethemstrong.Eventhoughadultsknowit'snottotallytruetheythinkit'sgoodfortheirchildren'shealthastudyhadfounD.Inastudyabout31percentofadultssaidtheyoncetoldtheirchildrenthecurlyhairtaleand36percentsaidthey'dbeentoldthesamethingbytheirmotherorfather.Amongtheover-50salmosthalfsaidthey'dbeenpromisedcurlyhairiftheyatetheircrusts.A.quarterofthe2000adultsquestionedinthestudytoldtheirchildrencarrotswouldhelpthemseeinthedark.ThiscouldbetruetosomeextentbecauseofthehighlevelsofvitaminA.andbeta-caroteneinrootvegetables.Anotherfavoriteamongparentsisthatmilkwillmakeonestrong.A.thirdsurveyedsaidtheirparentstoldthemthisandabout29percentsaidtheytoldtheirchildrenthesamething.Butwhilethereisplentyofevidencetosuggestmilkisgoodforpeople'shealththerearealsoalotofscientificpaperssayingitisn't.ThankstoPopeyespinachisalsofedtochildrenalongwiththeideathatitwillmakethemstrong.Whilethereisalsosometruthinthisonescientistsnowbelieveitisnottheironbuttheinorganicnitrates无机硝酸盐thatimprovephysicalpower.OneinsevenofthesurveyedadmittedtellingtheirlittleonesthatrunnerbeanswillmakethemrunfasterwhichisnothingmorethanwordplayandhasnobasisinsciencE.AlmostoneinfiveadultsweresubjectedtothesametaleinchildhooD.Justoveronein10parentstoldtheirchildrengreenfoodwouldturnthemintoasuperheroandaquarteradmittedhidingvegetablesinmeals.LyndsayJonesspokesmanforPersilWashingUpLiquidsaidIt'sclearthatthemostpersuasivestoriesaboutfoodarepassedonfromgenerationtogeneration.Ourresearchshowsthattheideascontinueandwetellourkidsthesamethingsourparentstoldusevenifthey'renotalwaysentirelytruE.Crustsmaynotmakeyourhaircurlybutthere'splentyofresearchthatsayscrustscontainmoreofthegoodnessthantherestofaloaf.HopefullyasaresultofourCookwithKidspromisemoreparentswillbeencouragedtospendtimewiththeirchildreninthekitchenandteachthemthetruthaboutfooD.12.WecanknowfromParagraph3that________.A.athirdpeopleareforcedtodrinkmilkbytheirparentsB.milkisbeneficialtochildren'sphysicalstrengthC.thereisdoubtwhethermilkishelpfultopeople'shealthD.about29percentpeoplewishtheirchildrengoodhealth13.WhichofthefollowingdoesLyndsayJonesagree?A.AdultsarewillingtoteachtheirchildrenastheirparentsdiD.B.MostpersuasivestoriesaboutfoodarefalsE.C.Storiesaboutfoodshouldn'tbepassedonfromgenerationtogeneration.D.Parentscan'tmakesureifsomestoriesaboutfoodaretotallytruE.14.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.scientiststhinktheironinspinachhelpschildrengrowstrongB.parentsareexpectedtotellchildrenthetruthaboutfoodC.runnerbeanscanreallymakechildrenrunfastD.crustsaresaidtocontainlessnutritionthanaloaf15.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A.ByfollowingtimeorderB.Bymakingcomparisons.C.BygivingexamplesD.Byanalyzingcauses.
ThesciencefictiontypeofentertainmentisconsideredbymosttobefatheredbyJulesVerneAJourneytotheCenteroftheEarthandTwentyThousandLeaguesUndertheSeaandH.G.WellsTheTimeMachineandTheWaroftheWorlds.Sci-Fiasitiscommonlyshortenedisafictionalstoryinwhichscienceandtechnologyhaveasignificantinfluenceonthecharactersandplot.ManysuchworksareguessworkaboutwhatthefutureholdsandhowscientificfindingsandtechnologicaladvanceswillshapehumankinD.Writinginthelate1800sJulesVernewasremarkablysuccessfulinhis10guessesaboutfuturetechnologiesofairconditioningautomobilestheInternettelevisionandunderwaterairandspacetravel.UnbelievablyofallplacesfromwhichtochooseJulesVerneguessedTampaFloridaUSAasthelaunchingsiteofthefirstprojecttotheMoonwhichwasonly200kilometersawayfromtheactual1969locationatCapeCanaveralFloridA.Oneofthebest-knownsciencefictionbooksisNineteenEighty-FourbyGeorgeOrwell.Publishedin1949itwasnotmeantasapredictionbutasawarning:OrwellwasdescribingwhathesawastheoutcomeoftheideastrendsandemergingtechnologiesofhistimE.Manyinventedtermsfromthisnovelhavebecomecommonineverydayusesuchasbigbrotheranddoublethink.Eventheauthor’snamehasbeenmadeintoanadjective—Orwellian—andhasbecomeawarningexpressionofsituationswhereprivacyislostandtheindividualhasnopowerandiscompletelycontrolledbythegovernment.NineteenEighty-Fourwastranslatedintosixty-fivelanguageswithinfiveyearsofitspublicationsettingarecordthatstillstands.Whathelpsbringsciencefictionintobeingisusuallyanewdiscoveryorinnovation.Theauthorcreatesananalysisofthepotentialinfluenceandconsequencesandthenwrapsitinapleasantstory.ForexamplethebeginningofspaceexplorationwasfollowedafewyearslaterbytheStarTrektelevisionprogramandmovieseries.Thesciencefictionauthor’sself-determinedroleistosearchtheworldoffuturepossibilitiesupontheroadwhichwearetraveling.32.Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthatsciencefictionmightbe_________.A.aforecastofhowanewdiscoverycouldinfluencemankindB.abriefreviewofthepresentdrawbacksoftechnologyC.athoughtfullookatthepastandapredictionofthefutureD.ananalysisofhowanewtechnologycouldbeusedtoharmhuman33.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesNineteenEighty-Four?A.A.predictionoffuturetechnologies.B.A.warningofunfairandcruelruling.C.Themotiveofscientificdevelopment.D.Animaginaryperfectworldoffreedom.34.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat_________.A.H.G.WellspredictedtheInternetinthelate1800sB.NineteenEighty-FouradoptedsomepopulartermsC.StarTrekmovieserieswerebasedonspaceexplorationD.CapeCanaveralwasmentionedinJulesVerne’sfiction35.Accordingtotheauthorwhatistheroleofsciencefictioninourlife?A.A.referenceoftechnology.B.A.moralcompass.C.A.recordofsciencedevelopment.D.A.formofthinkingaboutpossibilities.
Forestareamazingandsoaretheanimalsthatliveinthem.WeenjoywatchingTVshowsaboutbearsbatsormonkeys.Weknowalotabouttheirlives:howtheyfindfoodorwhattheydoatdifferenttimesoftheyear.Butwhataboutsmalleranimalsthataremoredifficulttoseeorfilm?Manysmallanimalsthatliveinforestsareveryimportantforthesoil.A.FrenchscientistFrancoisXavierJolyisstudyingoneofthem—themillipede千足虫.TheimportanceofleavesWhentheleavesbegintodieinfalltheyturnfromgreentoyellowandfallfromthetrees.Astheydecomposeonthegroundnutrients营养物质arereturnedtothesoilandcarbondioxidetotheair.Lifeintheforestneedsthesenutrients.WithoutthemplantscouldnotgrowandtherewouldbenofoodforanimalssuchasthemillipedE.FoodontheforestfloorSomelivingthingslikemushroomsbreaktheleavesintosmallerpiecesandeatthem.Inafewmonthsthereisnothingleftofthem.ButformushroomsnotalltreesarethesamE.Mushroomsprefersometypesofleavestoothers.Thismeansthatsomeleavestakemuchlongertobebrokendownthanothers.Sometimesittakesyears.Sowhathappenstothese?Thisiswherethemillipedecanhelp.MoreonthemenuThemillipedealsolikesleavesanditeatsanytypE.ButwhenithasfinisheditproduceswastE.Thiswastethenbecomesthefoodofmushrooms.WhenmushroomseatleavestheychooseonlycertaintypesbutwhentheyeatwastetheywilleatanykinD.ThisishowthemillipedeturnsdeadleavesintofoodforothersandhelpslifecontinuE.Sonexttimeyouarewalkingthroughaforestrememberthatsomethingmaybehavingamealrightunderyourfeet.8.Accordingtothepassagewhatcanwelearnaboutthemillipede?A.ItcanoftenbeseenonTVshows.B.Itmostlyfeedsonthenutrientsinthesoil.C.ItistoosmalltobenoticedbypeoplE.D.Itlivesundermushroomsintheforest.9.WhatdoestheunderlinedworddecomposeinParagraph3mean?A.Breakdown.B.Dryup.C.Digin.D.Makeout.10.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbymentioningmushrooms?A.Themillipedeeatsmushroomsintheforest.B.Themillipedehelpstoprovidefoodformushrooms.C.Mushroomsplayanimportantpartinhelpingmillipedesout.D.Mushroomsdecidewhattypesofleavesthemillipedewilleat.11.Accordingtotheauthorthemillipedeis.A.poisonousB.rareC.unimportantD.amazing
Rollercoastersarefastandexciting.Butpassingapainfulkidney肾stonesisnot.TheprocessispainfulandcantakealongtimE.ButAmericanresearchershavefoundthatarollercoasterridejustmighthelpthosesufferingfromakidneystonE.Theysaysuchrideshelppatientspassthestoneswitha70percentsuccessratE.DavidWartingerledthestudy.HefoundthatwherethepersonsitsontherollercoastercanmakeabigdifferencE.HesaidInthepilotstudysittinginthelastcaroftherollercoastershowedabouta64percentpassageratE.Sittinginthefirstfewcarsonlyhada16percentsuccessratE.Italsomatteredwherethestoneswerelocatedinthekidney.Theresearchersfoundthatstoneslocatedintheupperpartofthekidneymodelwerepassed100percent.Whenitcomestopassingkidneystonesnotallrollercoastersareequal.Theresearchersused174kidneystonesofdifferingshapessizesandweightstoseeifeachmodelworkedonthesamerideandontwootherrollercoasters.TheyfoundthatBigThunderMountainwastheonlyonethatworkeD.Theothertworollercoastersbothfailedthetest.Wartingersaidtheotherridesweretoofastandtooviolent.Themovementforcedthestonesagainstthesideofthekidney.Hesaidthattheidealrollercoasterisroughandquickwithsometwistsandturns.WartingerthinksrollercoasterridescouldalsobeusedasapreventativemeasurE.Hesaidthatayearlyrideonarollercoastercouldevenpreventstonesfromdeveloping.YouneedtoheedthewarningsbeforegoingonarollercoasterhesaiD.Ifyouhaveakidneystonebutareotherwisehealthyandmeettherequirementsoftheridepatientsshouldtryit.Headdsthatit’sdefinitelyalowercostalternativetoothertreatments.Andridingarollercoasterisdefinitelymorefun!12.Accordingtothetextpassingkidneystoneis______.A.fastB.excitingC.interestingD.painful13.Whichofthefollowingbenefitspeoplewithakidneystonemost?A.Sittinginthefirstcarofarollercoaster.B.Sittinginthemiddlecarofarollercoaster.C.Sittinginbigrollercoasterswithdoctors’carE.D.Sittinginroughandfastrollercoasterswithtwistsandturns.14.What’sWartinger’sattitudetoridingrollercoastersforpeoplehavingakidneystone?A.WorrieD.B.NegativE.C.SupportivE.D.Skeptical.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SometreatmentsofkidneystonesB.AdvantagesofridingrollercoastersC.RollercoasterscanhelppasskidneystonesD.Kidneystonescanbecuredbyridingrollercoasters
Theloneliestchimp黑猩猩intheworldjustgotthebestsurprise------ahugfromanewfriend.Ponsohasbeenbyhimselffornearlythreeyearsfindinghimselfaloneafterhiswifeandchildrendiedontheislandwheretheywereabandonedbyamedicaltestingcompanymanyyearsago.ForyearsanearbyvillagernamedGermainhasbeenPonso’sonlycompanyvisitinghimsooftentobringbananasandbread—thechimp’sonlysourceoffoodonthetinyisland.ItwasclearhowmuchPonsomissedcompanionshipwhenhewasrecentlyvisitedbyChimpanzeeConservationCentreDirectorEstelleRaballand.ThechimpimmediatelyembracedEstelleRaballandinahugehugandlaughedasshereachedoutforhimwithhissmilefromeartoear.ForthosewhoknowPonso’sbackstoryhisimmediateeaseandtrustinhumansmightbesurprising.Ponsowasoneof20chimpsallbetweentheagesof7to11yearsoldrelocatedtoanislandofftheIvoryCoastafterbeingusedfortestingbytheNewYorkBloodCentre.Afterthetestswerecompletedin2005thelabreportedlytransferredthechimpstoastringofislandsoccasionallydroppingofffoodandwaterbecausetherewasnoneinthechimps’newhomes.DiseaseandhungersoonleftonlyPonsohismateandtheirtwochildrenstanding.Butattheendof2013theydiedwithindaysofeachotherandPonsowasnowcompletelyalone.AgroupcalledSOSPONSOistryingtoraisemoneyforthepoorlonelychimpalreadyachievingitsgoalof$20000-allofwhichwillbeusedforPonso’scare.32.WhatdoweknowaboutthechimpPonso?A.Hewasdesertedbyhisfamily.B.Hefoundmanysourcesoffood.C.Hecametotheislandforatest.D.Hesuffersfromlonelinessgreatly.33.HowdidPonsofeelaboutthevisitofEstelleRaballand?A.Excited.B.Frightened.C.Embarrassed.D.ConfuseD.34.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thechimps’newsettlement.B.HowPonsocametotheisland.C.WhyPonsowasusedforatest.D.Themedicaltestaboutchimps.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Germainwon’tvisitPonsoanymore.B.Anewlabwillbebuiltontheisland.C.ManypeopleshowconcernforPonso.D.Morechimpswillbebroughttotheisland.
RecentlytheBarbicanMuseuminLondonheldanexhibitioncalledtheRainRoom.Duringthetimethisexhibitionwasopenmytwitterstreamwasfilledwithphotosofpeoplestandingintherainroomaccompaniedbythecaptionrainroom@thebarbican!andalocationattachmenttoprovethattheywereindeedintherainroom.Thisgotmethinking.WhatwerepeopleactuallysayingbyTweetingabouttheirvisit?IthinkalltheyweredoingwasfulfillingtheobligationthatwehavetosharE.NotsharinginthesenseoftreasuringamomentwithpeopleclosetousbutsharinginthesenseoftelltheworldthatIamdoingathing.It’snotsharing;it’sshowingoff.WhenwelogintoFacebookorTwitterweseeaninfinitelyupdatingstreamofpeopleenjoyingthemselves.It’snotreallifebecausepeopleonlypostaboutthegoodthingswhereasallthedullordeepstuffdoesn’tgetmentioneD.Butdespitethisobviousfactitsubconsciouslymakesusfeellikeeveryoneishavingabettertimethanus.ThisisthecurseofouragE.Wewalkaroundwiththetoolstocaptureextensivedataaboutoursurroundingsandtransmittheminreal-timetoeveryfriendwe’vemadE.Weendupwithareducedunderstandingofrealitybecausewe’remoreconcernedaboutchoosingagoodInstagramfilter过滤器forourmealthanhowittastes.Idon’tthinkthatit’sinherently内在的固有的wrongtowanttokeeptheworldupdatedaboutwhatyou’redoing.Butwhenyougothroughliferoboticallypostingabouteverythingyoudoyou’renotahumanbeing.You’rejustaprismthattakesbitsoflightandsoundandchannelsthemintotheclouD.Thekeythingtorememberisthatyouarenotenrichingyourexperiencesbysharingthemonline;youaredetractingfromthembecauseallyoureffortsarefocusedonmakingthelookattractivetootherpeoplE.OnceyoustopseeingthingsthroughtheeyesofthepeoplefollowingyouonTwitterorFacebookorInstagramyoucanmakeyourexperiencessignificantbecauseyouwerethereandyousawthesightsandsmelledthesmellsandheardthesoundsnotsnappedaphotoofitthroughahalf-inchcameralens.28.Whatdowelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.RainRoomexhibitionreceivedalargeaudienceinLondon.B.Mostofpeoplefeelobligatedtosharetheirexperiencewithfriends.C.ManypeoplewanttoinformothersoftheirexperiencebyTweeting.D.AllpeoplehavinggonetotheRainRoomtookpictures.29.Itseemstotheauthorthat___________.A.FacebookorTwitterisagoodplacewherewesharepersonalexperienceB.peopleseldomshowdepressingstuffonthesocialnetworkingwebsitesC.mostpeopletendtoshowoffthattheyarehavingabettertimethanothersD.sharingexperienceonthesocialnetworkingwebsitesisnotreallife30.BytalkingofagoodInstagramfilterforourmealLine3-4ParA.4theauthorwantstoshow_____.A.wearesurroundedbyvarioustoolstocaptureourdailydataB.wearemoreconcernedabouthowourlifeseemstobetoothersC.wetransmitourexperienceimmediatelytoeverybodyweknowD.wegainmoreextensiveperceptionofrealitywithdigitaltools
EversinceDonaldTrumpwaselectedthenextpresidentoftheUStheentireTrumpfamilyhasbeenputunderamicroscope显微镜.InChinathespotlighthasbeenmainlyfocusedonTrumpandhisdaughterIvankA.SheisdescribedonWeChatasanextremelyinfluentialrolemodelwithstunningbeautyasuccessfulcareerandahappyfamily.Sheleadsadreamlifethatamilliongirlswouldkillfor.Yesshewasbornwithasilverspooninhermouth.Butshegotwheresheisbyherself.There’salwaysgoingtobearticlesthatsaypeoplebornintowealthyfamiliesarebetterlookingandhaveabetterfamilybackgroundthanyoubutthesepeopledoworkharderthanyou.Areyoualoserifyouwereraisedinanordinaryfamily?ShouldyoufeelguiltythatyousleepeighthoursadaybecauseIvankasleepsfive?Ifyoujustwanttokeepastable稳定的nine-to-fivejobdoesitmeanyouarenotambitious?Howaboutifyoudon’tworkoutoreathealthydoesthatmeanyouwillnotfindyourMr.orMissRight?Thereisatendencyinmedianowadaystoencourageelitism精英主义.Theyaretryingtobrainwashyoungpeopleintothinkingthattheyshouldinvest投资alargeamountoftimeandmoneyinbodybuildingandappearancE.Theyencouragelifestylemakeovers:winetastingclassesandexpensivetripsoverseas.Theymakeyoubelievethatifyoudoastheysayyoucanimprovethequalityofyourlifeandjointheelites社会精英.Butwhat’sthedownsideofbeingordinary?Doyoureallyneedtogotothegymfivedaysaweek?Doyouneedtotakehundredsofselfies自拍andPhotoshoptheselectedonestopostonWeChat?Doyoureallyneedtobreakyourneckandsacrificetoearnyourfirstpotofgoldonlytoworryconstantlyabouthowtoenterhighsocietylater?Don’tlettheideaofelitismgettoyou.Everybodyhasarighttothelifetheywant.Humanbeingsshouldnotbejudgedasasuccessorfailurebasedonwhethertheyareapartoftheeliteornot.Aslongasyouleadahappyandcomfortablelifewhybothertochaseafterotherpeople’sshadows?Chooseyourownlifepathandgoforit.12.WhydoesIvankabecomeahitonlineinthewriter’sopinion?A.Shelivessuchadreamlifethatamilliongirlswouldliketokillher.B.Shegetswhatshehasthroughpersonaleffortsdespiterichorigin.C.ShehasabetterfamilybackgroundthanordinarypeoplE.D.SheisarolemodelfrequentlyseenamongordinarypeoplE.13.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredasalifebelongingtotheelites?①Polishandpostcarefully-selectedselfiesonWeChat.②BreakyournecktoearnyourfirstpotofgolD.③SparenoefforttoimprovephysicalappearancE.④Signupforwinetastingclassesandoverseatrips.A.③④B.②④C.②③D.①④14.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat____________.A.Ivankasleepingfivehoursadaymakesthemajorityofpeopleguilty.B.Keepingastablenine-to-fivejobwillbethoughtofasaloser.C.Improvingthequalityoflifewillhelpyouenterhighsociety.D.Joiningtheelitesiswhatmoreandmorepeopledreamofnowadays.15.Whichattitudetowardslifewouldthewriterprobablyagreewith?...A.Lifeislikeadogsledteam.Ifyouaren’ttheleaddogthesceneryneverchanges.B.Lifeisnotinholdinggoodcardsbutinplayingthoseyouholdwell.C.Thereisonlyonesuccess—tobeabletospendyourlifeinyourownway.D.Thegreatestlessoninlifeistoknowthatevenfoolsarerightsometimes.
AccordingtoresearchersmoneycanbuyhappinessbutonlyifyouspenditonsomeoneelsE.Spendingaslittleas$5adayonsomeoneelsecouldsignificantlybringyouhappinesstheteamattheUniversityofBritishColumbiaandHarvardBusinessSchoolfounD.Theirexperimentsonmorethan630Americansshowedtheyweremeasurably适度地happierwhentheyspentmoneyonothers--eveniftheythoughtspendingthemoneyonthemselveswouldmakethemhappier.WewantedtotestourtheorythathowpeoplespendtheirmoneyisatleastasimportantashowmuchmoneytheyearnsaidElizabethDunnapsychologistattheUniversityofBritishColumbiA.Theyaskedtheir600volunteersfirsttoratetheirgeneralhappinessreporttheirannualincomeanddetailtheirmonthlyspendingincludingbillsgiftsforthemselvesgiftsforothersanddonationstocharity.RegardlessofhowmuchincomeeachpersonmadethosewhospentmoneyonothersreportedgreaterhappinesswhilethosewhospentmoreonthemselvesdidnotDunnsaidinastatement.Dunn’steamalsosurveyed16employeesatacompanyinBostonbeforeandaftertheyreceivedanannualprofit-sharingbonusofbetween$3000and$8000.Employeeswhodevotedmoreoftheirbonustopro-social有益社会的spendingexperiencedgreaterhappinessafterreceivingthebonusandthemannerinwhichtheyspentthatbonuswasamoreimportantpredictoroftheirhappinessthanthesizeofthebonusitselftheywroteintheirreportpublishedinthejournalSciencE.Theygavetheirvolunteers$5or$20andhalfgotclearinstructionsonhowtospendit.Thosewhospentthemoneyonsomeoneorsomethingelsereportedfeelinghappieraboutit.Thesefindingssuggestthatveryminoralterationsinspendingallocations分配--aslittleas$5--maybeenoughtoproducerealgainsinhappinessonagivendayDunnsaiD.28.Accordingtothepassage________.A.themoremoneyyouspendonothersthehappieryouareB.spendingmoneyonotherscanbringyouhappinessC.ElizabethDunnisapsychologistfromHarvestBusinessSchoolD.sixhundredvolunteerstookpartintheexperiment29.The16employeesmentionedinthepassage_________.A.weregivenclearinstructionsonhowtospendthebonusB.hadmorehappinessthanthesizeofthebonusitselfC.experiencedgreaterhappinessafterreceivingtheirbonusD.felthappieraftertheycontributedmuchofthebonustocharities30.Dunn’sstatementsuggestedthat________.A.thosewhospentmoneyonothersfelthappiernomatterhowmuchtheyearnedB.thosewhospentmoremoneyonthemselvesfelthappierC.peoplethoughtspendingmoneycouldmakethemselveshappierD.themoneyspentwasasimportantasthemoneyearned31.Thebesttitleofthispassageis________.A.ExperimentonMoneySpendingB.DevotingYourMoneytoCharitiesC.SpendingMoneyonOthersMakesOneHappierD.BonusandPro-socialSpending
ThetownofGreenBankWestVirginiaisthesiteofthelargestradiotelescopeintheworldsoInternetconnectionsandanythingelsethatcancreateelectromagnetic电磁的wavessuchassmartphonesandmicrowaveovensarebanneD.GreenBankisfrozenintimesomewhereinthe1950sbecausethere’sa33000-square-kilometerzoneofsilenceduetothetelescopE.Cellphonetowersareforbidden.Thecloseryougettothetelescopethegreatertherestrictions.There’sa16-kilometerradius半径aroundtheobservatorywhereradio-controlleditemseventoyscannotbeuseD.Telescopeemployeesevenworkinaspecialroomthatblockselectromagneticwavesfromleavingit.Hereimagineasubmarine潜艇watercannotgetinsideandsothisroomisanelectricsubmarinE.Noelectromagneticwavescangetintothisroomjustasyoucan’tgobeyonditMichaelHolsteinanobservatoryofficersaiD.ThesizeofafootballfieldthetelescopeissosensitivethatitcouldpickupsignalssentfromanalienworlD.Andscientistscan’twaitforthattohappen.Allthesignalsthatwenowreceivewiththehelpoftelescopesaresignalsthatcomefromcosmicobjects—starsgalaxies.WehavenotyetreceivedanythingfromintelligentcivilizationsscientistRichardLynchsaiD.Localpeoplerespecttheworkofthescientists.Yeswearedifferent.Manywouldsaythatwelivetheold-fashionedwayinthepast.Butforusit’sjustthewayoflifethatwehavealwayslivedSherrysaiD.WhenwewanttomeetfriendswejustcalleachotheronawirephonE.AndinsteadofsittinginfrontofyourscreenwetalkwegofishingtothemountainsresidentSherrysaiD.Forthelatestnewsresidentsreadtheweeklylocalnewspaper.Whenshe’slookingforaphonenumberSherryreachesforthephonebook.AndinsteadofFacebookSherryenjoysdailyconversationswithhercustomers.InthistowneveryoneknowseachotherandcommunicationisfacetofacE.8.WhydopeopleinGreenBankliveanold-fashionedlife?A.ThetowniseconomicallylessdevelopeD.B.ElectronicproductswillaffecttheradiotelescopE.C.Theyhavegotusedtoitanddon’twanttochangE.D.Theradiotelescopestopselectronicproductsworkingproperly.9.Whatcanwelearnabouttheradiotelescope?A.Itwassetupaboutinthe1950s.B.Itisinaroomwithoutelectromagnet.C.Itis16-kilometerinradius.D.Ithaspickedupsignalsfromaliens.10.Howdothelocalpeoplefeelabouttheirlife?A.InspireD.B.Unhappy.C.Content.D.WorrieD.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HightechwithtraditionallifeatGreenBankB.RadiotelescopetoreceivealiensignalsC.ThelargestradiotelescopeintheworldD.Old-fashionedlifeatGreenBank
SmoginEuropeandNorthAmericacouldbemorethan25timesmoredeadlythantheaverageairpollutionfoundinChinesecitiesanewstudysuggests.Inthelargesteverstudyofitskindinthedevelopingworldresearcherstestedtheeffectsofairpollutiononthehealthofpeoplein272citiesinChinA.TheyfoundaverageannualexposuretofineparticlesknownasPM2.5inthosecitieswasmorethanfivetimeshigherthanthelevelrecommendedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationWHOaccordingtoapaperintheAmericanJournalofRespiratoryandCriticalCareMedicinE.HowevertheyalsodiscoveredthatitwasmuchlesslikelytoincreasethedeathratethanPM2.5inEuropeandNorthAmericA.TheresearchersledbyDrMaigengZhouoftheChineseCentreforDiseaseControlandPreventionsuggestedthiswasbecauseChinaisaffectedbylargeamountsofnaturaldustblownbythewindfromaridareaswhilemostpollutionintheWestcomesfromindustry.Theyfoundthatforeveryincreaseof10microgramsofairpollutioninacubicmeterofairthemortalityrateincreasedby0.22percentdiscountingdeathsfromaccidents.ProfessorFrankKellyanexpertinenvironmentalhealthatKing’sCollegeLondonwhowasnotinvolvedinthestudybuthasstudiedairpollutioninChinatoldTheIndependent:ThoserelativerisksareconsiderablylessthanthoseseeninEuropeandtheUS.Formortality死亡率inEuropeweareworkingonasixpercentincreaseper10micrograms.ThatsuggestsairpollutioninEuropeisabout27timesmoretoxicthanaverageairpollutioninChinA.HoweverProfessorKellysaidcitieslikeBeijingShanghaiandHongKongwerelikelytosufferfromWestern-styleairpollution.ThenaturaldustcomponentthereisnotofthemagnitudethatitwoulddwarfthecoalbiomassandfossilfuelsignalshesaidThatmaybetrueincertaincitieswhosepollutionisnotdominatedbylocalpowergenerationormajortrafficcongestion.Naturaldustparticlescancausephysicaldamagetothelungsandtriggeranasthmaattack.Particlesofcarbonproducedwhenfossilfuelsareburnedcanleadtosimilarproblemsbuttheyarealsocoatedwithtoxicheavymetalschemicalsandvolatileorganiccompounds.Theseareabletopassfromthelungsintothebloodstreamwhereitisthoughttheycausefurtherdamagetothebody.AreebaHamidanairpollutioncampaignerwithenvironmentalgroupGreenpeacesaid:Poisonousaircausesdamagetopeople’shealthwhereverintheworldtheylivE.Wenowknowfumesfromdiesel柴油机vehiclesarealotmorepoisonousthancarcompaniesclaimedandthisisabigcauseofairpollutioninEuropeandNorthAmericA.Thesecompanieshavealottoanswerforbutsofarthey’vemanagedtoavoidanyrealaccountability.ThestudyofcitiesinChinafoundtheaverageannualexposetoPM2.5was56microgramspercubicmetercomparedtotheWHOguidelinelimitforsafeairqualityof10micrograms.Peoplewhowereolderthan75hadlesseducationorwholivedinhotterplacesweremorelikelytodiE.ItisthoughtpeopleinwarmercitiesweremorelikelytospendtimeoutsideorleavetheirwindowsopentherebybreathingmorepollutedairtheresearcherssaiD.Theyalsospeculatedthatlesswelleducatedpeoplemighthavepooreraccesstohealthcareorexperiencepoorerenvironmentalhealthconditions.62.WhyPM2.5inChinaislessdeadlythanthatinEuropeandNorthAmerica?A.ChinaisfreefromanypollutionaboutPM2.5.B.PollutantsaffectingChinamainlycomefromaridareas.C.FewerpeoplediedfromPM2.5inChinathanthoseinEuropeandNorthAmericA.D.EuropeandNorthAmericaarepollutedbynaturaldust.63.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinPara7referto?A.TheaveragemortalityratE.B.ThehighermortalityratE.C.ThelowermortalityratE.D.ThenormalmortalityratE.64.What’stherealcauseofairpollutioninEuropeandNorthAmericaaccordingtoAreebaHamid?A.Fumesfromdieselvehiclesaremuchmorepoisonous.B.Theenvironmentalagenciescan’ttakeonresponsibilities.C.Thetechnologydoesn’tmeetthestandards.D.Carcompaniescan’tevaluatetheresults.65.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassageisto________.A.appealtopeopletolayanemphasisonenvironmentalprotection.B.illustratesmoginEuropeandNorthAmericaisquiteserious.C.demonstrateChinaissafestplaceintheworldtolivein.D.providesomegoodwaystoaddressthesmog.
Newresearchattemptingtothrowlightuponhowmaleandfemalebrainsdifferhasfoundthattimingiseverything.AmericanVanderbiltUniversityresearchersStephenCamarataandRichardWoodcockdiscoveredthatfemaleshaveasignificantadvantageovermalesintimedtestsandtasks.Thestudyinvolvedmorethan8000malesandfemalesranginginagefrom2to90fromacrosstheUS.WefoundhardlyanydifferencesinoverallintelligencE.ButwediscoveredthatfemalesperformedbetterthanmenintimelimitedsituationsCamaratasaidItisveryimportantforteacherstounderstandthisdifferenceinmalesandfemaleswhenitcomestoassigningworkandtests.ManymalescandoabetterjobwithoutstricttimelimitsaddedCamaratA.Considerthatmanyclassroomactivitiesincludingtestingaredirectlyorindirectlyrelatedtoprocessingspeedtheresearcherswroteintheirreport.Thehigherperformanceinfemalesmaycontributetoaclassroomculturethatfavorsfemalesnotbecauseofteacherbias偏见butbecauseofinherent与生俱来的differencesingenderprocessingspeeds.TheresearchersfoundthatmalesscoredlowerthanfemalesinallagegroupsintestsmeasuringprocessingspeeD.Howeverthestudyalsofoundthatmalesconsistentlyoutperformedfemalesinsomelanguageabilitiessuchasidentifyingobjectsandknowingantonyms反义词andsynonyms同义词.Theresearchcontradictsthepopularbeliefthatgirlsdevelopallcommunicationskillsearlierthanboys.Theresearchersfoundnosignificantoverallintelligencedifferencesbetweenmalesandfemalesinanyagegroups.WebelievetherearefundamentaldifferencesinhowmaleandfemalebrainsendupgettingorganizedCamaratasaidOurnextstudieswillgiveussomeinsightintowheretheseprocessingdifferencesareoccurring.46.Thenewresearchreferredtointhepassageisintendedto________.A.findwhetheragehassomethingtodowithpeople'sintelligenceB.helpteacherstoassignworkandarrangetestsforstudentsC.findwhat'sthedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemalebrainsD.provethedifferencesinprocessingspeedbetweenmalesandfemales47.Theunderlinedwordoutperformedinthefifthparagraphprobablymeans________.A.toachievebetterresultsthansomeoneB.toperformworseinsomeaspectthansomeoneC.todosomethingaswellassomeoneD.tobenotsogoodatsomethingassomeone48.Peopleusuallybelievethat________.A.there'rehardlyanydifferencesbetweenmales'andfemales'overallintelligenceB.teachersfavorgirlstudentsinsteadofboystudentsinschoolsC.girlsdeveloptheirlanguageskillsearlierthanboysD.femaleshaveasignificantadvantageovermalesinallsubjects49.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Theresearchersinterviewedmorethan8000malesandfemalesallovertheworlD.B.Generallyspeakingmalescandobetterjobswithstricttimelimitsthanfemales.C.Femalesscoredhigherthanmalesinanyagegroupsinanysituations.D.Thedifferencesingenderprocessingspeedsoccurwhenpeopleareborn.50.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Theresearcherswillcontinuetostudyhowthegenderdifferencesintimingoccur.B.A.femalemathematicianwillmakegreaterachievementsthanamaleonE.C.SchoolteachershavealreadyknownabouttheseprocessingdifferencesbeforE.D.Ifagirlhasahigherprocessingspeedthanaboyshemustbemoreintelligentthanhim.
Sincethe1970sscientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Brain-computerinterface界面BCItechnologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.RecentlytworesearchersJoseMilanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicschoolingLausanneSwitzerlanddemonstrated展示asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson'sthoughts.InthelaboratoryTavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthanD.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord脊髓tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomovE.ButspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemusclesTavellasays.Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp头皮andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.Prof.Milantheteamleadersaysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands.ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:communicationandcontrollingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatientssoastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.AndtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftimE.8.BCIisatechnologythatcan_________________.A.helptoupdatecomputersystemsB.linkthehumanbrainwithcomputersC.helpthedisabledtorecoverD.controlaperson'sthoughts9.HowdidTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?A.Bycontrollinghismuscles.B.BytalkingtothemachinE.C.BymovinghishanD.D.ByusinghisminD.10.Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto.A.makeprofitsfromthemB.provethetechnologyusefultothemC.makethemlivelongerD.learnabouttheirphysicalcondition11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SwitzerlandtheBCIResearchCenterB.NewFindingsAboutHowtheHumanBrainWorksC.BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabledD.RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuries
ResearchersattheUniversityofKansassaythatpeoplecanaccuratelyjudge90percentofastranger'spersonalitysimplybylookingattheperson'sshoes.ShoesconveyusefulinformationabouttheirwearerstheauthorswroteinthenewstudypublishedintheJournalofResearchinPersonality.LeadresearcherOmriGillathsaidthejudgmentswerebasedonthestylecostcolorandconditionofsomeone'sshoes.Inthestudy63UniversityofKansasresearcherslookedatpicturesshowing208differentpairsofshoeswornbythestudy'sparticipants.VolunteersinthestudywerephotographedintheirmostcommonlywornshoesandthenfilledoutapersonalityquestionnairE.Someoftheresultswereexpected:PeoplewithhigherincomesmostcommonlyworeexpensiveshoesandflashiershoesweretypicallywornbyoutgoingpeoplE.Howeversomeofthemorespecificresultsarestrangeenough.Forexamplepracticalandfunctional''shoesweregenerallywornbymorepleasantpeoplewhileanklebootsweremorelinkedwithaggressivepersonalities.Thestrangestofallmaybethatthosewhoworeuncomfortablelookingshoestendtohavecalmpersonalities.AndifyouhaveseveralpairsofnewshoesortakeextremecareofthemyoumaysufferfromattachmentanxietyspendinglotsoftimeworryingaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofyourappearancE.Therewasevenapoliticalcalculationinthemixwithmoreliberal主张变革的typeswearingshabbierandlessexpensiveshoes.Theresearchersnotedthatsomepeoplewillchooseshoestylestomasktheiractualpersonalitiesbutresearchersnotedthatvolunteerswerealsolikelytobeunawarethattheirfootwearchoiceswereshowingthedeepsideoftheirpersonalities.42.Whatdoesthistextmainlytellus?A.ShoesCallhidepeople'srealpersonalities.B.Shoesconveyfalseinformationaboutthewearer.C.People'spersonalitiescallbejudgedbytheirshoes.D.Peopleknowlittleabouttheirpersonalities.43.Whichoftheresultsisbeyondpeople'sexpectation?A.Wealthypeopleoftenwearexpensiveshoes.B.Pleasantpeoplelikewearinguncomfortableshoes.C.Aggressivepeoplearelikelytowealankleboots.D.Flashiershoesaretypicallywornbyoutgoingpeople.44.PeoplesufferingfromattachmentanxietytendtoA.wearstrangeshoesB.worryabouttheirappearanceC.haveacalmcharacterD.becomeapoliticalleader45.TheauthorwrotethetextinordertoA.informusofanewstudyB.introducearesearchmethodC.teachhowtochooseshoesD.describedifferentpersonalities
AnyonewhohaseverplayedthegameofTetris俄罗斯方块knowsthegame’ssurrealabilitytospillintoreallifE.AfteryoushutoffthegameyoustillseethoseTetrisblocksfallinginyourminD.You'regroceryshoppingandfindyourselfthinkingaboutrearrangingitemsongroceryshelves.Yourmindcontinuestoplaythegameevenwhenyou'rephysicallynot.RobertStickgoldaHarvardprofessornoticedsomethingsimilarafteradayhikingamountain.Thatnighthedreamthewasstillgoingthroughthemotionsofmountainhiking.Curiousaboutthishetriedsomething:hegotagroupofcollegestudentsofvariousskilllevelstoplayTetrisandletthemsleepintheHarvardsleeplaB.Over60%ofthestudentsincludingthosewhosufferedfromamnesia键忘症reporteddreamsofimagesofTetrispiecesfallingrotating旋转andfittingtogether.InterestinglyhalftheTetrisexpertstudentsreportedsuchTetrisdreamswhile75%ofthebeginnersdiD.AstudyfoundthatplayingTetriscangrowyourbrainandmakeitmoreefficient.Adolescentgirlsplayedthegameforanaverageof1.5hoursaweekoverthreemonths.Thecerebralcortex大脑皮层ofthegirlsgrewthickerwhilebrainactivityinotherareasdecreaseD.RichardHaierwhohadfoundthattherewasaTetrislearningeffectinwhichthebrainconsumedlessenergyasmasteryofthegameroseconcludedThebrainislearningwhichareasnottousE.Haier'sstudyshowedthatasthegirlspracticedplayingthegamenervecellsmadeconnectionscommunicatingthroughsynapsesasynapseisaconnectionbetweentwonervecells.Whenyoulearnsomethingyouchangethoseconnections.Everytimeyoureactivate激活acircuitsynapticefficiencyincreasesandconnectionsbecomemoredurableandeasiertoreactivatE.Stickgoldsayssleepplaysaroleinthismemoryprocess.SotosumupwheneveryoudospecifictasksoverandoveragaintheytakeuplessofyourbrainpowerovertimE.Andthat’sprettyamazing.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart‘surrealability’inthefirstparagraphmean?A.ThegamecanhelppeoplearrangethingsinlifE.B.ThegamecanbeappliedtomanyaspectsoflifE.C.TherearegreatsimilaritiesbetweenthegameandthingsinlifE.D.Themindcontinuestoplaythegamewhenwearedoingotherthings.6.WhatcanwelearnfromStickgold’sstudy?A.MorethanhalfofthestudentsdreamedofimagesofTetris.B.Studentshavingbadmemoriesdidn’tdreamofthegamE.C.TheTetrisexpertstudentsweremorelikelytodreamofthegamethanthebeginners.D.MorethanhalfoftheTetrisexpertstudentsdidn’tdreamofthegamE.7.PlayingTetrisforalongtimecanhelp_________.①growone’sbrain②one’sbrainfunctionefficiently③arrangethingstidilyinlife④improvetheadaptabilityofone’sbrainA.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①③④8.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_________.A.encouragepeopletoplayTetrisB.warnpeopletofocuswhiledoingthingsC.warnpeoplenottoplaygamesbeforesleepD.tellpeopletheywillimproveatsomethingiftheykeepdoingit
AssistantProfessorMusicalTheatreDanceWichitaStateUniversityseekstohireafull-time9-monthassistantprofessorbeginningAugust2016.Applicantsarerequiredtohaveadegreeindanceteachingexperienceattheprofessionalorcollegelevelabilitytodirectandabilitytoteachstagemovement.SalarydependsonqualificationsandexperiencE.Forcompleteinformationseehttp://finearts.wichitA.edu.Associate/FullProfessorinTheatreandDanceTheDepartmentofTheatre&DanceattheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiegohttp://www-theatrE.ucsD.edu/isseekinganexperiencedtheatreartistinlightingdesign.SignificantprofessionalexperienceisrequireD.AreviewofapplicationswillstartonJune12016.Applicationdeadline:September12016.TechnicalDirectorinPerformingandFineArtsDeSalesUniversity’sPerformingandFineArtsDepartmentseeksahighlyskilledprofessionaltechnicaldirector.Thepositionisa10-monthstaffpositionwiththepossibilityforsummeremploymentwiththePennsylvaniaShakespeareFestival.BAdegreeorequivalentprofessionalexperienceisrequired;MFAispreferreD.Pleaseemailmaterialstojohn.belldesales.edu.ScreeningofapplicationsbeginsimmediatelyandwillcontinueuntilthepositionisfilleD.AssistantDirectorofMediaResourcesCenterMarylandInstituteCollegeofArtisseekinganAssistantDirectorofMediaResourcesCenterintheAcademicAffairsDivision.PositionqualificationsincludeadegreeinArtHistoryorrelatedfieldwithknowledgeofartanddesignhistorylibraryexperienceexcellentinterpersonalandcommunicationskillsandfamiliaritywithPhotoshopandscanning.Areviewofapplicationswillbeginimmediately.ApplicantsmayemailaletterofinteresttojobsmicA.edu.SalarydiffersdependingonyourexperiencE.Pleaseincludedesiredsalaryinyourletterofinterest.ApplicationInterestedpersonsshouldelectronicallysubmitacoverletterhighlightingtheirexperienceandqualificationsandnamesofthreeprofessionalreferenceswithphoneandemailcontactinformationusingtheApplyNowlinkabovE.21.WichitaStateUniversityoffers______.A.aparttimeandassistantprofessorjobB.ajobpeoplecanworkformanyyearsC.aflexiblepaytothefutureassistantprofessorD.workthatrequirepeopletoactonthestage22.Ifyouaregoodatcommunicatingwithothersyoushouldapplyto_____.A.DeSalesUniversityB.WichitaStateUniversityC.theUniversityofCaliforniaD.MarylandInstituteCollegeofArt23.Wecanprobablyfindtheadinthesectionof_____.A.EmploymentInformationB.InformationTechnologyC.AroundtheWorldD.Teen’sGarden
ResearchersinChinaandtheUnitedStateshavedevelopedanewcataract白内障treatmentwithcellsthathasrestoredvisioninbabiesinatrialandmayeventuallybeusedinadults.Thetreatment-bydoctorsandstaffmembersattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegoSchoolofMedicineandSichuanandSunYat-senuniversitiesinChina-waspublishedinMarch9editionofthescientificjournalNaturE.Acataractisacloudingofthenormallyclearlens晶体ofaneyE.TypicalcataractoperationinvolvestheremovalofthecloudylensandtheinsertionofanartificialonE.Thenewoperationhasbeentestedinanimalsandduringasmallhumantrial.Itresultedinfewercomplications并发症thanthecurrentharmfuloperationandinregrownlenseswithsuperiorvisualfunctioninall12ofthebabycataractpatientswhoreceivedtheprocedurE.Acongenitalcataract-lenscloudingthatoccursatbirthorshortlyafter-isimportantcauseofblindnessinchildren.InthenewresearchKandZhangheadofophthalmicgeneticsatUSSanDiego’sShileyEyeInstituteandhiscolleaguesreliedontheregrownpotentialofendogenous同源的stemcells.AccordingtoZhangendogenousstemcellsaredifferentfromotherstemcellsthataretypicallygrowninalaboratorytransplantedintoapatientandcanhaverisksofimmune免疫的rejectioninfectionorcancers.ZhangtoldCBSNewsWeinventedanewoperationtomakeaverysmallopeningatthesideofacataractouslensbagremovethecataractinsideallowtheopeningtohealandpromotepotentiallensstemcellstoregrowanentirelynewlenswithvision.Thehumantrialinvolved12babiesundertheageof2whoweretreatedwiththenewmethodwhile25babiesreceivedtheestandardoperationcarE.Thelattergroupexperiencedahigherincidenceofpos-operationdangerearly-onseteyehighbloodpressureandincreasedlensclouding.Thescientistsreportedfewercomplicationsandfasterhealingamongthe12babieswhohasthenewprocedurE.12.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.TheconceptofthecataractB.AnewcataracttreatmentwithstemcellsC.Badeffectsofpost-operationinthecataractD.Thereasonswhythecataractcomesintobeing13.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribethenewcataracttreatmentaccordingtothepassage?A.ConvenientB.ComfortableC.CheapD.Safe14.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewcataracttreatment?A.IthasmorerisksB.ItmaybeusedwidelyC.IthasbeenputintopracticewidelyD.Itcanonlyrestorevisioninbabies15.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordcongenitalinthefourthparagraphmean?A.BornB.StrangeC.SeriousD.Dangerous.
OSLOReuters-Sixoftheworld'seightbearspeciesareunderthreatofextinctionaftertheadditionyesterdayofthesunbeartheworld'ssmallesttypeofbeartoaRedListwhichsaysChina'spandaismostatrisk.Thesunbearisthreatenedpartlybypoachers偷猎者whosellitsbile胆汁asmedicinesaidtheWorldConservationUnionwhichrunsthelistofthethreatenedwildlifE.ThingsaregettingworseforallthebearspeciesexcepttheAmericanblackbearwhichisunquestionablyincreasingsaidSimonSmartseniorspeciesadviserfortheUnion.TheadditionofthesunbeartotheauthoritativeRedListafteramajorreviewmeanstheAmericanblackbearandthebrownbearfoundfromEuropetoAlaskaaretheonlytwoofeightspeciesstillconsideredrobust强的.ThesunbearfoundinAsiafromBangladeshtoBorneoandweighinguptoabout70kgwasratedvulnerable脆弱的byexpertsattheUnionwhichconsistsofmorethan80governmentsconservationgroupsandscientists.TheunionsaidtherewereseveralthousandsunbearsinthewilD.Weestimatethatsunbearshavedeclinedbyatleast30percentoverthepast30yearsandcontinuetodeclineatthisspeedsaidRonSteinmetzheadoftheSwiss-basedUnion'ssunbearexpertteam.Scientistsdidnotchangethelevelofthreattoanybearspeciesexceptsunbears.Deforestationlossofhabitattoroadsandcitiesandpoachingareamongrisks.TheAsianblackbeartheslothbearandtheAndeanbearwereallprovedagainasvulnerableafterreassessmentofland-livingbears.ThepolartheonlyspeciesnotreassessedisseparatelyratedasvulnerablE.PandaswereregardedagainasendangeredonestepclosertoextinctionthanvulnerableinspiteofChina'sprotectioneffortsforthebamboo-eaters.33.Howmanykindsofthreatsareparticularlymentionedtobearspecies?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.34.Accordingtothetextpandas.A.areinthegreatestdangerofextinctionontheRedListB.areinlessdangerofextinctionnowwiththeChina'sprotectioneffortsC.areonestepclosertoextinctionthaneverbeforeD.arenotamongthe8bearsmentionedinthetext35.Wecaninferfromthetextthat.A.theWorldConservationUnionisnotinchargeofprotectingwildlifeintheworldB.pandasareratedasendangeredafterthereassessmentC.thereareseveralkindsofland-livingbearsintheworldD.sunbearsremainvulnerablecomparedwith30yearsago
Fromself-drivingcarstodeepseaexplorersmoreandmoreofhumans’tasksarebeingtakenoverbyrobots.Buttechnologydoesn’tstoptherE.Inmid-AugustreportedtheBBCscientistsfromCambridgeUniversitydevelopedaroboticsystemthatmeantarobotcouldbuildotherrobotseachonebetterthantheprevious以前的generation.TheBBCnotedthatthoseconcernedaboutmachinestakingovertheworldshouldn’tworry.Howeverover1000scientistsandnumerousartificialintelligenceAI人工智能researchers－includingUKastrophysicistStephenHawkingandApplecofounderSteveWozniakoftheUS-broughtthedangeroffullyautonomousweapons自主武器knownaskillerrobotstoourattentionearlierthissummer.Ifanymajormilitary军事的powerpushesaheadwithAIweapondevelopmentaglobalarmsraceisinevitable不可避免的warnedanopenletterreleasedattheInternationalJointConferenceonArtificialIntelligenceheldinBuenosAiresArgentinA.Unlikedrones无人机whichneedahumanhandthiskindofrobotwouldhavesomedecision-makingabilitiesandtheabilitytoactbyitself.WhilewhattheBBCcalledthesesoldersthatneversleepcouldhelpreducebattlefielddeathstheymightalsomakecountriesmorelikelytogointobattlewhichwouldleadtomoredeathsoverallnotedthescientists.Theriskstheysaidcouldbefargreaterthanthoseposedbynuclearweapons.Scientistscalledforabanonoffensive攻击性的autonomousweaponsbeyondmeaningfulhumancontrolreportedTheHuffingtonPost....InfactinaninterviewwiththeBBCin2014Hawkingwarnedthatthedevelopmentoffullartificialintelligencecouldspelltheendofthehumanrace.AndaccordingtotheBBCmanyleadingthinkershavebeenthinkingabouttheAI-poweredkillingmachineofthenot-too-distantfuturE.KillerrobotscouldbeherewithinyearsnotdecadesasStuartRussellprofessorofcomputerscienceatUCBerkeleyUSputit.Authoritiesaregraduallywakinguptotheriskofrobotwars.LastMayforthefirsttimetheUnitedNationsbroughtgovernmentstogethertobegintalksonso-calledkillerrobotsinahopeofstoppingsuchweaponswhilethereisstilltimE.MeanwhiletherearescientistswhoarelessworrieD.Theybelievealltechnologieshavepotential潜力forbeingusedforgoodandevilendsandarguethatthebancalledforbytheopenlettercouldclosethedoortodevelopingAItechnologythatcouldsavelives.TechnologycanclearlydobetterthanhumanbeingsinmanycasesRonaldArkindeanattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlantaUStoldTheChristianScienceMonitor.Ifwearewillingtoturnoversomeofourdecisionmakingtothesemachineswemayactuallygetbetteroutcomes.28.WhatdoesSteveWozniakthinkthefuturerobottechnologymightproduce?A.ArtificialIntelligencE.B.Autonomousweapons.C.Soldiersthatneversleep.D.Killingmachines.29.TheunderlinedwordspellinParagraph7isclosestinmeaningto______.A.causeB.preventC.reachD.change30.WhatdoesStuartRussellmeanbysayingkillerrobotscouldbeherewithinyearsnotdecades.?A.KillerrobotswillvisitUCBerkeleyUSsoonerthanexpecteD.B.KillerrobotswillbeproducedandusedsoonerthanexpecteD.C.KillerrobotswillspeedupthedevelopmentofAIinthenearfuturE.D.KillerrobotswillkillthesescientistsinthenearfuturE.31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Moreandmoreofhumans’tasksarebeingtakenoverbyrobots.B.Robotshavedecision-makingabilitiesandtheabilitytoactbyitself.C.Scientistscalledforabanonthedevelopmentofrobottechnology.D.Alltechnologieshavepotentialforbeingusedforgoodandevilends.
LargerbrainsizelinkedtolongerlifeindeerThesizeofafemaleanimals’brainmaydeterminewhethertheylivelongerandhavemorehealthyoffspring后代accordingtonewresearchledbytheUniversityofCambridgE.ThestudypublishedintheRoyalSocietyOpenSciencejournalshowsthatfemalereddeerwithlargerbrainslivelongerandhavemoresurvivingoffspringthanthosewithsmallerbrains.Brainsizeispasseddownthroughthegenerations.Thisisthefirstextensivestudyofindividualdifferencesinbrainsizeinwildmammalsanddrawsondatacomparingsevengenerationsofdeer.Acrossspeciesofmammalsbrainsizevarieswidely.Thisisthoughttobeaconsequenceofspecificdifferencesinthebenefitsandcostsofalargerbrain.Mammalswithlargerbrainsmayforexamplehavegreatercognitiveabilitiesthatenablethemtoadaptbettertoenvironmentalchangesortheymayhavelongerlifespans寿命.Buttheremayalsobedisadvantages:forinstancelargerbrainsrequiremoreenergysoindividualsthatpossessthemmayshowreducedfertility繁殖力.TheresearchersbasedattheUniversityofCambridge’sZoologyDepartmentandEdinburghUniversity’sInstituteofEvolutionaryBiologywantedtotestiftheycouldfindmoredirectgeneticornon-geneticevidenceofthecostsandbenefitsoflargebrainsizebycomparingthelongevity长寿andsurvivalofindividualsofthesamespecieswithdifferentsizedbrains.Usingtheskullsof1314wildreddeerwhoselifehistoriesandbreedingsuccesshadbeenmonitoredinthecourseofalong-termstudyontheIsleofRumtheyfoundthatfemaleswithlargerendocranialvolumes脑腔容量livedlongerandproducedmoresurvivingoffspringinthecourseoftheirlives.LeadauthorDrCorinaLoganaGatesCambridgeScholarsaysThereasonsfortheassociationbetweenbrainsizeandlongevityarenotknownbutotherstudieshavesuggestedthatlargerbrainsareaconsequenceofthelonger-livedspecieshavinglongerdevelopmentalperiodsinwhichthebraincangrow.Thesehypotheses假设weregeneratedfromcross-speciescorrelations;howevertestingsuchhypothesesrequiresinvestigationsatthewithin-specieslevelwhichiswhatwediD.DrLoganaddsWefoundthatsomeofthecross-speciespredictionsaboutbrainsizeheldforfemalereddeerandthatnoneofthepredictionsweresupportedinmalereddeer.Thisindicatesthateachsexlikelyexperiencesitsownsetoftrade-offs权衡协调withregardtobrainsizE.Thestudyalsoshowedthatfemales’relativeendocranialvolumeissmallerthanthatofmalesdespiteevidenceofselectionforlargerbrainsinfemales.ProfessorTimClutton-BrockwhosetuptheRumRedDeerstudywithFionaGuinnessin1972andinitiatedtheworkonbrainsizepointsoutThereasonthatthiskindofstudyhasnotbeenconductedbeforeisthatitrequireslongtermrecordsofalargenumberofindividualsacrossmultiplegenerationsanddataofthiskindarestillrareinwildanimals.12.Whatdoesthenewresearchaboutbrainsizereveal?A.Large-brainreddeertendtobemorereproductivE.B.Large-brainfemaledeersurvivesmall-brainmaledeer.C.Brainsizecausesindividualdifferencesinsomemammals.D.Brainsizehasbeenincreasingfromgenerationtogeneration.13.Fordifferentspeciesofmammalsbrainsizevarieswidelyinthat______.A.mammalscandevelopdifferentadaptiveabilitiesB.alargerbrainhasitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesC.differentmammalsarebornwithdifferentlifespansD.brainsizeisaffectedbygeneticornon-geneticfactors14.Whatcanwelearnabouttherelationbetweenbrainsizeandlongevity?A.ThecauseandeffectneedstobefurtherinvestigateD.B.Brainsizeabsolutelydeterminesanimals’longevity.C.Longer-livedspeciesallowbrainstogrowtoalargesizE.D.Thecross-speciesassumptionsapplytoreddeerofbothsexes.15.WhatcanweinferfromProfessorTimClutton-Brock’swords?A.Researcherscan’tpossiblyreachaconclusionaboutthereason.B.Researchersarenotpatientenoughtokeeplongtermrecords.C.SuchresearchhasbeenthoroughlyconductedonwildanimalsbeforE.D.Suchresearchwillwitnessgreatdifficultyinthelong-termprocess.
ResearchersinChinaandtheUnitedStateshavedevelopedanewcataract白内障treatmentwithcellsthathasrestoredvisioninbabiesinatrialandmayeventuallybeusedinadults.Thetreatment—bydoctorsandstaffmembersattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegoSchoolofMedicineandSichuanandSunYat-senuniversitiesinChina—waspublishedintheMarch9editionofthescientificjournalNaturE.Acataractisacloudingofthenormallyclearlens晶体ofaneyE.TypicalcataractoperationinvolvestheremovalofthecloudylensandtheinsertionofanartificialonE.Thenewoperationhasbeentestedinanimalsandduringasmallhumantrial.Itresultedinfewercomplications并发症thanthecurrentharmfuloperationandinregrownlenseswithsuperiorvisualfunctioninall12ofthebabycataractpatientswhoreceivedtheprocedurE.Acongenitalcataract—lenscloudingthatoccursatbirthorshortlyafter—isasignificantcauseofblindnessinchildren.InthenewresearchKangZhangheadofophthalmicgeneticsatUCSanDiego'sShileyEyeInstituteandhiscolleaguesreliedontheregrownpotentialofendogenous同源的stemcells.AccordingtoZhangendogenousstemcellsaredifferentfromotherstemcellsthataretypicallygrowninalaboratorytransplantedintoapatientandcanhaverisksofimmunerejectioninfectionorcancers.ZhangtoldCBSNewsWeinventedanewoperationtomakeaverysmallopeningatthesideofacataractouslensbagremovethecataractinsideallowtheopeningtohealandpromotepotentiallensstemcellstoregrowanentirelynewlenswithVision.Thehumantrialinvolved12babiesundertheageof2whoweretreatedwiththenewmethodwhile25babiesreceivedthestandardoperationcarE.Thelattergroupexperiencedahigherincidenceofpost-operationdangerearly—onseteyehigherbloodpressureandincreasedlensclouding.Thescientistsreportedfewercomplicationsandfasterhealingamongthe12babieswhohadthenewprocedurE.12.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theconceptofthecataract.B.A.newcataracttreatmentwithstemcells.C.Badeffectsofpost-operationinthecataract.D.Thereasonswhythecataractcomesintobeing.13.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribethenewcataracttreatmentaccordingtothepassage?A.Convenient.B.ComfortablE.C.Cheap.D.SafE.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewcataracttreatment?A.Ithasmorerisks.B.Itmaybeusedwidely....C.IthasbeenputintopracticE.D.ItcanonlyrestoreVisioninbabies.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordcongenitalinthefourthparagraphmean?A.Born.B.StrangE.C.Serious.D.Dangerous.
Sciencehasalotofuses.Itcanuncoverlawsofnaturecurediseasesmakebombsandhelpbridgestostandup.Indeedscienceissogoodatwhatitdoesthatthere’salwaysatemptation__todragitintoproblemswhereitmaynotbehelpful.DavidBrooksauthorofTheSocialAnimal:TheHiddenSourcesofLoveCharacterandAchievementappearstobethelatestinalonglineofwriterswhohavefailedtoresistthetemptation.Brooksgainedfameforseveralbooks.HislatestbookTheSocialAnimalhoweverismoreambitiousandseriousthanhisearlierbooks.Itisanattempttodealwithasetofweightytopics.Thebookfocusesonbigquestions:Whathassciencerevealedabouthumannature?Whatarethesourcesofcharacter?Andwhyaresomepeoplehappyandsuccessfulwhileothersaren’t?ToanswerthesequestionsBrookssurveysawiderangeofdisciplines.Consideringthisyoumightexpectthebooktobeadryrecitationoffacts.ButBrookshasstructuredhisbookinanunorthodox非常规的andperhapsunfortunateway.Insteadofintroducingscientifictheorieshetellsastorywithinwhichhetriestomakehispointsperhapsinordertokeepthereader’sattention.SoasHaroldandEricatheheroandheroineinhisstorylivethroughchildhoodwehearaboutthescienceofchilddevelopmentandastheybegintodatewehearaboutthetheoryofsexualattraction.Brookscarriesthisthroughtothedeathofoneofhischaracters.OnthewholeBrooks’sstoryisacceptableifuninspireD.Asonewouldexpecthiswritingismostlyclearandtobefairsomechaptersstandoutabovetherest.IenjoyedforinstancethechapterinwhichHarolddiscovershowtothinkonhisown.WhileHaroldandEricaarecertainlynotstrongormemorablecharactersthemoreseriousproblemswithTheSocialAnimallieelsewherE.TheseproblemspartlyinvolveBrooks’sattempttotranslatehistaleintosciencE.21.Theauthormentionsthefunctionsofscienceatthebeginningofthepassageto__________.A.illustratewheresciencecanbeappliedB.demonstratethevalueofBrooks’snewbookC.remindthereaderoftheimportanceofscienceD.explainwhymanywritersusescienceintheirworks22.Accordingtotheauthorwhichofthefollowingcouldbeastrengthofthebook?A.Itsstrongbasis.B.Itsconvincingpoints.C.Itsclearwriting.D.Itsmemorablecharacters.23.Whatistheauthor’sgeneralattitudetowardsthebook?A.Contradictory.B.SupportivE.C.Cautious.D.Critical.24.Whatistheauthorlikelytowriteaboutafterthelastparagraph?A.Problemswiththebook.B.Brooks’slifeexperiencE.C.Deathofthecharacters.D.Brooks’stranslationskills.
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