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Most British telephone cards are just plain green, but card collecting is becoming a popular hobby ...
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高中英语《湖南省师大附中海口中学2011-2012学年高二上学期期中考试以及答案》真题及答案
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阅读短文回答问题Thefirsttelephonecardsproducedin1976wereIt
WhenIwas16yearsoldImademyfirstvisittotheUnitedStat
Thefirsttelephonecardsweremadein1976inItaly.Fiveye
It’sintheCards Inrecentyearsmoreandmorepeople
Right
Wrong
Not mentioned
MostBritishtelephonecardsarejustplaingreenbutcardc
MostBritishtelephonecardsarejustplaingreenbutcardc
MostBritishtelephonecardsarejustplaingreenbutcardc
It’sintheCards Inrecentyearsmoreandmorepeople
Right
Wrong
Not mentioned
WanttosayhellofromDisneyland?Sendapostcard！Beautif
It’sintheCards Inrecentyearsmoreandmorepeople
Right
Wrong
Not mentioned
TheBritishsenseofhumordiffersfromothercountries___
—Let’sbuysomecardsforourteachers.—Whynotmakesomeou
interesting
more interesting
most interesting
the most interesting
It’sintheCards Inrecentyearsmoreandmorepeople
Right
Wrong
Not mentioned
Todaytheseso-calledbankcreditcardshavebecomeverypo
they can be lost or stolen
they can never be lost or stolen
we don’t have to fear that they will be lost or stolen
we won’t lose our money even if they are lost or stolen
MostBritishtelephonecardsarejustplaingreenbutcardc
AprimaryschoolinUKhasbannedValentine’sDaycardsbeca
MostBritishtelephonecardsarejustplaingreenbutcardc
MostBritishtelephonecardsarejustplaingreenbutcardc
Todaytheseso-calledbankcreditcardshavebecomeverypo
one can never afford
without using cash
at lower prices
which cannot be bought with cash
阅读理解WanttosayhellofromDisneylandSendapostcard!Beau
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Ifcarshadwingstheycouldflyandthatjustmighthappenbeginningin2011.ThecompanyTerrafugiabasedinWoburnMassachusettssaysitplanstodeliveritscar-planetheTransitiontocustomersbytheendof2012.It’sthenext‘wow’vehiclesaidTerrafugiavicepresidentRichardGersh.AnybodycanbuyaFerraributaswesayFerrarisdon’tfly.Thecarplanehaswingsthatunfoldforflying—aprocessthecompanysaystakesoneminute—andfoldbackupfordriving.A.runwayisstillrequiredtotakeoffandlanD.TheTransitionisbeingmarketedmoreasaplanethatdrivesthanacarthatfliesalthoughitisboth.ThecompanyhasbeenworkingwithFAAtomeetaircraftregulationsandwiththeNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationtomeetvehiclesafetyregulations.ThecompanyisaimingtoselltheTransitiontoprivatepilotsasamoreconvenientandcheaperwaytofly.Theysayitsavesyouthetroublefromtryingtofindanothermodeoftransportationtogettoandfromairports:Youdrivethecartotheairportandthenyou’regoodtogo.WhenyoulandyoufoldupthewingsandhittheroaD.Therearenoexpensiveparkingfeesbecauseyoudon’thavetostoreitatanairport—youparkitinthegarageathomE.Thecar-planeisdesignedtoflyprimarilyunder10000feet.Ithasamaximumtakeoffweightof1430poundsincludingfuelandpassengers.TerrafugiasaystheTransitionreducesthepotentialforanaccidentbyallowingpilotstodriveunderbadweatherinsteadofflyingintomarginal临界conditions.TheTransition’spricetag:$194000ButtheremaybeadditionalchargesforoptionslikearadiotransponderorGPS.Anotheroptionisafull-planeparachutE.IfyougetintoaveryawfulsituationitisthenecessarysafetyoptionGershsaiD.Sofarthecompanyhasmorethan70orderswithdeposits.We’reworkingverycloselywiththembuttherearestillsomeremainingstepsBrownsaiD.56.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat_________.A.car-planeswillbepopularin2012B.peoplemightdriveacar-planein2012C.bothTransitionandFerraricantakeoffandlandD.RichardGershisthevicepresidentofMassachusetts57.Ittakesthecar-planeoneminuteto________.A.foldandunfolditswingsB.unfoldwingsforflyingC.landintheairportD.meetflyingsafetyregulations58.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thecar-planeneedsarunwaytotakeoffandlanD.B.TomeetaircraftregulationsthecompanyhasbeenworkingwithFAA.C.Thecar-planemayflyashighasnormalplanes.D.Peoplecanparkthecar-planeinthegarageattheirhomE.59.Theunderlinedworditinthelastbutoneparagraphrefersto________.A.theradioB.thetransponderC.theGPSD.thefull-planeparachute60.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CarsWithWingsMayBeJustAroundTheCorner.B.WhichtoChoose:A.FerrarioraCarPlane?C.A.moreConvenientandCheaperWaytoFly.D.CarsWithWingsCanFlyasFastasPlanes.
OnMay231989StefaniaFollinicameoutfromacaveatCarlsbadNewMexico.Shehadn'tseenthesunforeighteenandahalfweeks.Stefaniawasinaresearchprogramandthescientistsintheprogramwerestudyingbodyrhythms节奏.InthisexperimentStefaniahadspent130daysinacave30feetindepth.DuringhertimeinthecaveStefaniahadbeencompletelyaloneexceptfortwowhitemicE.HerlivingplacehadbeenverycomfortablebuttherehadbeennothingtotellherthetimE.She'dhadnoclocksorwatchesnotelevisionorradio.Therehadbeennonaturallightandthetemperaturehadalwaysbeenkeptat21℃.Theresultswereveryinteresting.Stefaniahadbeeninthecaveforoverfourmonthsbutshethoughtshehadbeenthereforonlytwo.HerbodyclockhadchangeD.Shehadn'tkepttoa24hourdayshehadstayedawakefor20～25hoursandthenhadsleptfor10hours.Shehadeatenfewermealsandhadlost171bsinweightasaresult！Shehadalsobecomeratherdepressed抑郁.HowhadshespenthertimeinthecaveAspartoftheexperimentshe'ddonesomephysicalandmentaltests.She'drecordedherdailyactivitiesandtheresultsofthetestsonacomputer.Thiscomputerhadbeenspeciallyprogrammedfortheproject.Whenevershewasfreeshe'dplayedcardsreadbooksandlistenedtomusiC.She'dalsolearnedFrenchfromtapes.TheexperimentshowedthatourbodyclocksareaffectedbylightandtemperaturE.Forexamplethepatternofdayandnightmakesuswakeupandgotosleep.Howeverpeopleareaffectedindifferentways.Somepeoplewakeupnaturallyat500ambutothersdon'tstarttowakeuptill900or1000am.Thisaffectsthewholedailyrhythm.Asaresulttheearlyrisersareattheirbestinthelatemorning.Thelaterisersontheotherhandaretiredduringthedayandonlycometolifeintheafternoonorevening!68.Stefaniastayedinthecaveforalongtimebecause________.A.shewasaskedtodoresearchonmiceB.shewantedtoexperiencelonelinessC.shewasthesubjectofastudyD.sheneededtorecordherlife69.WhatisacauseforthechangeofStefania'sbodyclock?A.Eatingfewermeals.B.Havingmorehoursofsleep.C.LackingphysicalexercisE.D.Gettingnonaturallight.70.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Anovel.B.Anewsstory.C.ApetmagazinE.D.AtravelguidE.
SongsthatmakeourheartshappycanmakethemstrongertooUSresearchersreportedonTuesday.Theyfoundthatwhenpeoplelistenedtotheirfavoritemusictheirbloodvessels血管dilatedinmuchthesamewayaswhentheyarelaughingortakingbloodmedications.WehaveaprettyimpressiveeffectsaidDrMichaelMillerdirectorofpreventivecardiology心脏病学attheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenterinBaltimorE.BloodvesseldiameterimprovedhesaiD.Thevesselopenedupprettysignificantly.YoucanseethevesselsopeningupwithotheractivitiessuchasexercisE.A.similareffectisseenwithdrugssuchasstatins.Whenbloodvesselsopenupmorebloodflowsmoresmoothlyandislesslikelytoformtheclots凝块thatcauseheartattacksandstrokes.WearenotsayingtostopyourstatinsornottoexercisebutrathertoaddthistoanoverallprogramofhearthealthsaidMillerwhopresentedhisfindingstoameetingoftheAmericanHeartAssociationinNewOrleans.Miller'steamtested10healthynon-smokingmenandwomenwhoweretoldtobringtheirfavoritemusiC.Theyspenthalfanhourlisteningtotherecordingsandhalfanhourlisteningtomusictheysaidmadethemfeelanxiouswhiletheresearchersdidultrasoundtestsdesignedtoshowbloodvesselfunction.Comparedtotheirnormalbaselinemeasurementsbloodvesseldiameterincreased26percentonaveragewhenthevolunteersheardtheirjoyfulmusiC.Listeningtomusictheydisliked—inmostcasesinthisgroupheavymetal—bloodvesselsnarrowedbysixpercentMillersaiD.Millersaidhecameupwiththeideaafterdiscoveringthatlaughtercausedbloodtoliterallyflowmoresmoothly.IaskedmyselfwhatotherthingsmakeusfeelrealgoodbesidescaloriesfromdarkchocolateofcoursE.MusiccametominD....ItmakesmefeelreallygoodhesaiD.MostofthevolunteerschosecountrymusicbutMillersaidthestyleisnotsoimportantratherthanwhatpleaseseachindividual.51.Theunderlinedworddilateinparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto_____.A.widenB.moveC.changeD.increase52.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingwillNOTcausebloodvesselstoopenup?A.TakingexercisE.B.ListeningtounpleasantmusiC.C.Burstingintolaughter.D.Takingdrugslikestatins.53.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_____.A.bloodclotsarecausedbyheartattacksandstrokesB.musicisbetterthanchocolateforyourhealthC.thestyleofmusichasdifferenteffectsondifferentpeopleD.aperson’soverallhealthismoreinfluencedbyhowmuchexercisehegets54.Whatisthepassagepossiblytakenoutfrom?A.A.scientificjournal.B.A.schooltextbook.C.A.medicalbrochurE.D.A.localnewspaper.55.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.PleasantMusicCuresB.ResearchintoBloodVesselC.MusicandHeartAttackD.MusicandHappiness
Howwouldyouliketosleepwithonehalfyourbrainasleepandtheotherhalfawake?Dolphinssleepthisway.RecentlyscientistsatIndianaStateUniversityhavediscoveredthatduckssleepthiswaytoo.TheyfoundthatduckssleephalfawakesotheycanrestandwatchfordangeratthesametimE.Afterputtingtheirducksinarowandvideotapingthemsomeresearchersfoundducksontheendofeachrowspentmoretimeasleepwithoneeyeopenapparentlylookingforpredators.ThemoretheducksfeltthreatenedthemoretheysleptwithoneeyeopensaidleadauthorNielsC.RattenborgagraduatestudentatIndianaStateUniversityTerreHaute.theuniqueaspectisnotthattheydoitbutthattheycontrolit.Whentheysleepattheedgeofagrouptheytendtorealizegreaterdangersotheyspendmoretimesleepingwithonehalfoftheirbrain.DuckswithoneeyeopenwerestillawakeenoughtodetectpredatorssaidtheauthorsofthestudywhichappearstodayinthejournalNaturE.Theresearchersstudiedfourgroupsoffourducksheldinplasticboxeswhichwerearrangedinarow.Ducksontheendwerefoundtosleepwithoneeyeopen31.8percentofthetimecomparedto12.4percentofthetimeforducksinthecentralposition.Alsoducksinthecentralpositiondidnotopenoneeyemorethantheotherswhileducksoneachendkepttheeyefacingawayfromthegroupopen86.2percentofthetimE.Brainwavereadingsoftheducksshowedthatthehalfofthebrainreceivingsignalsfromtheclosedeyeindicatedthathalfofthebrainwassleeping.Signalsfromthehalfofthebrainreceivingsignalsfromtheopeneyeshowedastatebetweenfullyawakeandasleep.71.Itwasdiscoveredthat.A.mostpeoplewouldliketobehalfasleepB.duckscansleephalfawakeC.dolphinssleepontheirwayD.duckshavedifferentsleepinghabitsfromeachother72.Apredatorismostlikelytobe.A.ananimalthathuntskillsandeatsotheranimalsB.ahumanbeingwholooksafterandfeedsducksC.ascientistwhodoesresearchworkonanimalsD.ananimalthatislikelytobefriendswithducks73.Ducksattheendofeachrowsleepwithoneeyeopenbecause.A.theyarelookingforfoodB.theywanttoenjoythesceneryC.theyarewatchingoutfordangerD.theyareuniqueintheirsleepinghabit74.Howmanyduckswereusedintheexperiment?A.Four.B.Eight.C.TwelvE.D.Sixteen.75.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Ducksonthenorthernendofarowwouldkeeptheireyefacingthesouthopen.B.Duckswithlesssenseofdutyusuallychoosetostayinthecenterofarow.C.Duckswithoneeyeopenattheedgecanstillenjoyacertaindegreeofsleep.D.Avideotaperecorderwastheonlyelectronicdeviceusedintheexperiment.
BecauseplantscannotmoveortalkmostpeoplebelievethattheyhavenofeelingsandthattheycannotreceivesignalsfromoutsidE.HoweverthismaynotbecompletelytruE.Peoplewhostudiedplantshavefoundoutthatplantscarryasmallelectricalcharge电荷.Itispossibletomeasurethischargewithasmallpieceofequipmentcalledgalvanometer检流计.Thegalvanometerisplacedonaleafoftheplantanditrecordssomechangesintheelectricalfieldoftheleaf.HumanshaveasimilarfieldwhichcanchangewhenweareshockedorfrighteneD.AmancalledBacksterusedagalvanometerforhisstudiesofplantsandwasverysurprisedathisresults.Hefoundthatifhehadtwoormoreplantsinaroomandhebegantodestroyoneofthem-perhapsbypullingoffitsleavesorbypullingitoutofitspotthenthegalvanometerontheleavesoftheotherplantsshowedachangeintheelectricalfielD.Itseemedasiftheplantsweresignallingafeelingofshock.ThishappenednotonlywhenBacksterstartedtodestroyplantsbutalsowhenhedestroyedotherlivingthingssuchasinsects.AnotherscientistnamedSauvinachievedsimilarresultstoBackster's.Hekeptgalvanometersfixedtohisplantsallthetimeandcheckedregularlytoseewhattheplantsweredoing.Ifhewasoutoftheofficehetelephonedtofindoutaboutthesignalstheplantsweresending.Inthiswayhefoundthattheplantsweresendingoutsignalsattheexacttimeswhenhefeltstrongpleasureorpain.InfactSauvincouldcauseachangeintheelectricalfieldofhisplantsoveradistanceofafewmilessimplybythinkingaboutthem.72.Backsterwassurprisedattheresultsofhisstudiesbecause________.A.hedestroyedaninsectB.hedestroyedaplantbypullingoffitsleavesC.hefoundthatplantscouldexpressfeelingsofshockD.hefoundthatplantscouldmoveandspeak73.Theplantssentoutsignals________.A.onlywhenBacksterstartedtodestroyplantsB.whenBacksterdestroyedplantsorotherlivingthingsC.onlywhenBacksterdestroyedinsectsD.onlywhenBacksterplacedthegalvanometerontheinsects74.ThescientistcalledSauvin________.A.didnotagreewithBackster'sideasB.didnotgetthesamesortofresultsasBacksterdidC.gotdifferentresultsfromBackster'sD.foundoutsomeofthesamethingsthatBacksterdid75.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Plantsdon'tcarrytheelectricalchargE.B.A.treewillsignalwhenithasbeencutdown.C.Sauvincouldmakehisplantssendoutsignalssomedistanceaway.D.PlantshavenofeelingsbecausetheyhavenolifE.
Cellphoneshavelongbeenmorethanjusttelephones.Theycantakeandsendphotographsplaymusicevenuseadog'sbarkasaringtonE.Thedesignofcellphonesthoughhasalwaysbeenthedomainoftechnologyfreaks不正常的现象.Nowcellphonemanufacturershavebegantothinkofthemaslifestyleaccessoriestobeshownoffincafesandclubs.Nokiaforinstancehasjustlaunchedanup-marketbrandVertuwhichinpriceandmaterialsusedcanbecomparedwithanexpensivewatch.Siemenstooisexpectedtotryandtapthenewmarketforfashionablephones.Knownforitshightechnicalqualitythecompanyisstartingtofocusmoreontrendydesign.AlexanderKrugajournalistfortheGermantelecommunicationsmagazineConnectsaysThiswaswhySiemenscameupwithits'Xelibri'branD.Theyarebasicallytelephonesbutreallytheyarefashionaccessories.SiemenslaunchedfoursuchmodelsinGermanythisAprilsimplycalled123and4whichcostUS$400.OnelooksabitlikeacellphonebuttheotherslooklikeaUFOadesignerremotecontroldeviceandawatch.Motorolaisalsobringingoutdesignsthatdepartfromthenorm.Since2002ithasbeenmarketingtheV70witharounddisplayandarotating旋转的openingmechanism.Designisthepriorityfortheselifestylecellphones.TechnicalfunctionscomeseconD.A.MotorolaspokeswomansaysthattheV70comesequippedwithonlybasics.WhileSiemensadmitsthatfortheirXelibrirangeWehavenotconcentratedonparticulartechnologies.ThetargetgroupforsuchphonesisthosewhoalreadyownacellphoneandmightwantaseconD.Theyareforpeoplewhogotoaclubandwantatrendylittleapparatus装置toshowoffitsays.Aslifestylecellphonesarenotaimedatthemassmarketexpertscannotagreeiftheyhaveagreatfutureornot.KrugsaysthatwhilemostcanbeaffordedbypeoplewithagoodjobNokia'sVertuisinadifferentclass:ThatisonlyforpeoplewhowearaUS$10000watch.1.Whydothecellphonemakersbegintodevelopnewmodels?A.Tokeepupwithhightechnology.B.TobeshownoffbysomewealthypeoplE.C.Todominatethemassmarket.D.Toshowtheirhightechnicalquality.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordtrendyinparagraph4mean?Itmeans________.A.latestB.valuableC.fashionableD.popular3.WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Mostpeoplethinkofcellphonesnotonlyasmeansofcommunication.B.Cellphonescanbeusedasexpensivewatches.C.NokiaSiemensandMotorolaareallpowerfulcellphonemakers.D.Allthecellusersliketowearthenewmodelcellsinpublicplaces.
Generallytherearetwowaystonametyphoonsthenumber-basedmethodandthelist-basedmethoD.Followingthenumber-basedmethodtyphoonsarecodedwithvarioustypesofnumberssuchasa4-digitora6-digitcodE.Forexamplethe14thtyphoonin2003canbelabeledeitherasTyphoon0314orTyphoon200314.Thedisadvantageofthismethodhoweveristhatanumberishardtoremember.Thelist-basedmethodontheotherhandisbasedonthelistoftyphoonnameschoseninadvancebyacommitteeandismorewidelyuseD.AttheverybeginningonlyfemalenameswereusedbecauseatthattimetyphoonswerenamedaftergirlfriendsofwivesoftheexpertsonthecommitteE.In1979howevermalenameswerealsoincludedbecausewomenprotestedagainsttheoriginalnamingpracticeforreasonsofgender性别equality.InAsiaWesternnameswereneeduntil2000whenthecommitteedecidedtouseAsiannamestoraiseAsians’awarenessoftyphoons.Thenameswerechosenfromanamepoolconsistingof140names10eachfromthe14membersofthecommitteE.Eachcountryhasitsuniquenamingpreferences.KoreaandJapanfavoranimalnamesandChinalikesnamesofgodssuchasLongwangdragonkingandFengshengodofthewind.Afterthe140namesareallusedinordertheywillberecycleD.ButthenamescanbechangeD.Ifamembercountrysuffersgreatdamagefromacertaintyphoonitcanrequestthatthenameofthetyphoonbedeletedfromthelistattheannualcommitteemeeting.ForexamplethenamesofNabibySouthKoreaandLongwangbyChinawerereplacedwithothernamesin2007.Thedeletionofbothnameswasduetotheseversdamagecausedbythetyphoonsbearingthenames.66.Withthenumber-basedmethodthe3rdtyphoonin2012canbenamed.A.Typhoon0314B.Typhoon0312C.Typhoon201214D.Typhoon120367.In1979malenamesbegantobeusedfortyphoonsbecause.A.menthoughtitwastheirrightB.femalenamesarehardtorememberC.womenthoughtitunequaltouseonlyfemalenamesD.theexpertspreferredtohavemorevariety68.ThereareChinesenamesinthenamepoolfortyphoons.A.2B.10C.14D.14069.WhichofthefollowingChinesenamesismostlikelytobeonthenamelistnow?A.LongwangB.FengshenC.DaxiangelephantD.Mayiant70.Thispassageismainlyabout.A.howtyphoonsarenamedB.WhytonametyphoonsC.thehistoryoftyphoonsD.equalitybetweenmenandwomen
Placeapieceofdarkmetalandapieceoflight-colouredwoodorclothofaboutthesamesizesidebysideinthesunlightonabrightafternoon.Touchthemafterawhileorsetathermometeroneach.YouwillfindthedarkmetalishotterthoughbothhavebeenwarmedbythesunforthesamelengthoftimE.Thisisbecausesomethingsabsorb吸收moreheatfromthesunthanotherslyingintheircolourformandmaterial.A.ploughedfieldofblacksoilbecomesheatedfasterthanafieldofcorn.ThecornfieldinturnabsorbsmoreheatthanalakeoraponD.Thiscuriousfactaboutheatingexplainsthemostcommonthunderstorms雷雨thekindseenonasummerafternoon.4.Fromthepassageweknow________.A.thecolourofwoodorclothislighterthanthatofmetalB.ifyoustandinacornfieldyou'llfeelhotterthaninaploughedfieldC.whenthesunlightisnotquitebrightlight-colouredwoodabsorbsmoreheatthandarkmetalD.ifyouputsomethinginthesunitstemperaturewillbeaffectedbyitscolorformandmaterial5.Theunderlinedwordthermometerprobablymeans________.A.somethingthatislikeastoveB.aninstrumentformeasuringtemperatureC.atoolwhichisusedtoheatD.awatchwhichcanbestartedandstopped6.Thelastsentenceofthepassageleadsustoconcludethat________.A.thunderstormsbreakoutoveralakeB.thunderstormshavesomethingtodowiththeheatfromthesunC.thunderstormsareoftenseeninwintertooD.thunderstormshaveneverhappenedindarkmaterials
Psychiatrists精神病专家whoworkwitholderparentssaythatmaturitycanbeanasset资产inchildrearing-olderparentsaremorethoughtfuluselessphysicaldisciplineandspendmoretimewiththeirchildren.Butraisingkidstakesmoneyandenergy.ManyolderparentsfindthemselvesbalancingtheirlimitedfinancialresourcesdecliningenergyandfailinghealthagainstthegrowingdemandsofanactivechilD.Dyingandleavingyoungchildrenisprobablytheolderparents'biggestandoftenunspokenfear.Havinglate-lifechildrensaysaneconomicsprofessoroftenmeansparentsparticularlyfathersendupretiringmuchlater.Formanyretirementbecomesanunobtainabledream.HenryMetcalfa54-year-oldjournalistknowsittakesmoneytoraisekids.Buthe'salsoworriedthathisenergywillgiveoutfirst.Surehecanstillridebikeswithhisathleticfifthgraderbuthe'slearnedthatyoungatheartdoesn'tmeanyoung.Latelyhe'sbeentakingafternoonnaps午睡tokeepuphisenergy.MybodyisagingsaysMetcalf.Youcan'tgetawayfromthat.Oftenolderparentshearthetickingofanotherkindofbiologicalclock.Therapistswhoworkwithmiddle-agedandolderparentssayfearsaboutagingarenothingtolaughat.Theyworrythey'llbemistakenforgrandparentsorthatthey'llneedhelpgettingupoutofthoselittlechairsinnurseryschoolsaysJoannGalstaNewYorkpsychologist.Butatthecoreofthoselittlefearsthereisoftenamuchbiggerone:thattheywon'tbealivelongenoughtosupportandprotecttheirchildshesays.Manylate-lifeparentsthoughsaytheirchildrencameatjusttherighttimE.Aftermarryinglateandundergoingyearsoffertility受孕treatmentMarilynNolenandherhusbanD.Randyhadtwins.WebothwantedchildrensaysMarilynwhowas55whenshegavebirth.Thetwinshavegiventhecouplewhattheydesiredforyearsasenseoffamily.Kidsofolderdadsareoftensmarterhappierandmoresociablebecausetheirfathersaremoreinvolvedintheirlives.'ThedadsareoldermorematuresaysDr.Silberandmorereadytofocusonparenting.46.Whydopsychiatristsregardmaturityasanassetinchildrearing?A.Olderparentscanbetterbalancetheirresourcesagainstchildren'sdemands.B.Olderparentsareusuallymoreexperiencedinbringinguptheirchildren.C.Olderparentsareoftenbetterpreparedfinancially.D.Olderparentscantakebettercareoftheirchildren.47.WhatdoestheauthormeanbysayingFormanyretirementbecomesanunobtainabledreamLines7-8ParA.1?A.TheyhavetogoonworkingbeyondtheirretirementagE.B.Theycan'tgetfullpensionunlesstheyworksomeextrayears.C.Theycan'tobtaintheretirementbenefitstheyhavedreamedof.D.TheyarereluctanttoretirewhentheyreachtheirretirementagE.48.TheauthorgivestheexampleofHenryMetcalftoshowthat____________.A.manypeopleareyounginspiritdespitetheiradvancedageB.takingafternoonnapsisagoodwaytomaintainenergyC.olderparentstendtobeconcernedabouttheiragingbodiesD.olderparentsshouldexercisemoretokeepupwiththeirathleticchildren49.What'sthebiggestfearofolderparentsaccordingtoNewYorkpsychologistJoanGalst?A.BeinglaughedatbyotherpeoplE.B.Beingmistakenforgrandparents.C.SlowingdownoftheirpaceoflifE.D.Approachingofdeath.50.WhatdowelearnaboutMarilynandRandyNolen?A.Theythoughttheywereanexampleofsuccessfulfertilitytreatment.B.Notuntiltheyhadthetwinsdidtheyfeeltheyhadformedafamily.C.Theybelievedthatchildrenbornofolderparentswouldbesmarter.D.Notuntiltheyreachedmiddleagedidtheythinkofhavingchildren.
JapaneseofficialsarestrugglingtopreventthespreadofmadcowdiseasE.Japan'sfirstcaseofmadcowdiseasewasreportedinSeptember.TheAgricultureMinistryconfirmedlastmonththatasecondcowwasinfecteD.JapanistheonlycountryinAsiawheremadcowdiseaseisknowntohavespreaD.ThediseaseisofficiallyknownasBovineSpongiformEncephalitiesorBSE.Itcausesholesinthebrain.CowsactstrangelybeforetheydiE.SoitiscalledmadcowdiseasE.Scientistsbelievecowsgetthediseasebyeatingmeatandbonemealfrominfectedanimals.SinceSeptemberJapanhasbannedimportsanduseoffeed饲料madefromanimalremains.RecentlytheAgricultureMinistryannouncedplanstodestroyaboutfivethousandcowsthatmayhavebeengiventhefeeD.SalesofJapanesebeefproductshavedroppedsharplyinthepastthreemonths.SinceOctoberJapaneseofficialshavetestedallcowsthatarekilledfortheirmeat.Somescientistsquestionthetesting.Theysaythediseaseoftencannotbeidentifiedinyounganimals.Scientistsbelieveit'sterribletoeatinfectedmeatthatmaycauseasimilarbraindiseasE.ItcannotbecureD.AboutonehundredpeopleinEuropehavediedfromthediseaseinrecentyears.MostofthemhavebeeninBritain.Untilrecentlysomeexpertshaveestimatedthatthetotalnumberofdeathsfromeatinginfectedbeefcouldbeashighasone-hundredthirtythousanD.HowevertwonewreportssaytherewillbefewerdeathsthanearlierestimateD.Sciencemagazinereportedthefindings.ThereportssaythetotalnumberofdeathsfromthediseasemaybeaslowastwohundreD.ResearchersfromFranceusedacomputerprogramtomaketheirestimatE.TheysaytheirstudyisbasedpartlyonabetterunderstandingofthediseasE.TheyalsosayevidencesshowthatyoungpeoplearemorelikelytobecomeinfecteD.InBritaintheaverageageofthosewhodiedistwenty-eight.Onlyafewvictimswereolderthanfifty.FromthisevidencetheteamsaystheprobabilityofapersonbecominginfecteddecreaseswithagE.8.AccordingtothereporthowmanycasesofmadcowdiseasewerereportedinJapan?A.OnE.B.Two.C.Many.D.Didn'tmention.9.IfapersonwereinfectedinJapanhewouldlikelyeat________.A.cowwhichhadeatenmeatandbonemealB.cowwhichhadeatenimportedfeedmadefromanimalremainsC.youngcowwhichhadeatenmeatandbonemealD.youngcowwhichhadeatenimportedfeedmadefromanimalremains10.Fromthetextweknowthat________.A.aBritishpersonof30ismorelikelytobeinfectedB.aBritishpersonof40ismorelikelytobeinfectedC.aJapanesepersonof30ismorelikelytobeinfectedD.aJapanesepersonof40ismorelikelytobeinfected
O.nekindoffemalebutterflymatesonlyonceinitslife--andthenclosesitswingstoavoidharassmentwhenpursuedbypersistentandunwantedmalesaJapaneseresearchersaiD.ObservationsoftheSmallCopperButterflyacolourfulorangeandblackbutterflyshowedthatsomefemalesclosedtheirwingswhenmalesflewbybutonlywhentheyweremalesoftheirownspeciessaidJun-YaIdeanassociateprofessoratKurumeInstituteofTechnologyinFukuokawesternJapan.Whenwelookedintowhythemaleswerecourtingthefemales.Theydothisverystubbornlysothefemalessometimestrytogetaway--orprefertostayunobservedheaddeD.Ideandhiscolleaguesbroughtamodelofamalebutterflynearthefemalestotesttheirreactionsandfoundthatyoungfemalesthathadyettomatekepttheirwingsopenbutthosethathadalreadymatedclosedthem.Notonlycanthepersistentattentionsofunwantedsuitorsharmthedelicatefemalesfleeingfromthem--withthemaleofteninpursuit--usesupstrengthandcanevenshortentheirlivesheaddeD.Closingtheirwingsmakesthemlessvisiblehelpingthemavoidcommunicationwiththeirownspecies.WefiguredtheyweretryingtoavoidharassmentbymalesIdesaiD.59.WhatdoesthewordharassmentmeanintheparagraphA.sexualinvasionB.embarassmentC.attackD.threat60.WhysomesomefemalesclosedtheirwingswhenmalesflewbyA.becausethefemalebutterflymatesonlyonceinitslifE.B.becausetheyclosetheirwingstoavoidharassmentwhenpursuedbypersistentandunwantedmales.C.becausetheydon’tlikethemalebutterflyatall.D.becausetheyareafraidofthemalebutterfly.61.Accordingthethepassagewhichiscorrect?A.Thefemalesclosedtheirwingswhenmalesflewby.B.ThefemalebutterflymatesonlyonceinitslifE.C.Onlythemodelofamalebutterflycanmaketheyoungfemalebutterfliestokeeptheirwingsopen.D.Notonlycanthepersistentattentionsofwantedsuitorsharmthedelicatefemalesfleeingfromthem--withthemaleofteninpursuit--usesupstrengthandcanevenshortentheirlives.
EatinginspaceisdifferentfromeatingonEarth.Thefoodthatastronautscarrywiththemdoesnotlooklikethefoodyoueat.Somefoodiscarriedinclosedbags.Itiscookedandfrozenbeforetheastronautsgetit.AllthewaterisremovedfromthefooD.Inthespaceshiptheastronautputsthewaterback.Heshootshotorcoldwaterintothefoodbagwithaspecial特别的gun.Heeatsthefoodthroughasmallholeinthebag.Otherfoodscomeinbite一口sizes.TheastronautputsawholepieceinhismouthatoncE.Therecanbenocrumbs碎屑.Crumbswouldfloataroundthespaceshipandgetintheway.Meatandcakeoftencomeinbite-sizepieces.Astronautscannotdrinkwaterfromopencups.Thewaterwouldfloatindropsintotheair.Thewaterisputinthespecialgun.Theastronautshootsthewaterintohismouth.Eatinginspaceisnoteasy.Astron-autsmustlearntoeatthisway.10.Somespacefoodsarecarriedin_______.A.watergunsB.lunchboxesC.closedbagsD.crumbs11.Whycan'tastronautsdrinkwaterfromopencups?A.Becausethewaterwouldfloatoutfromtheopencups.B.BecausethewaterwouldspillalloverthefooD.C.Becausecrumbswouldfloatinthecups.D.Becausethecupswouldfloatintheair.12.Themainideaofthewholestoryisthat_______.A.thereismorefoodandwaterinspacethanonearthB.eatinganddrinkinginspaceisaspecialproblemC.astronautscannevereatordrinkinaspaceshipD.thereisnoexpensivefoodorwaterinaspaceship
InWiltshireEnglandvolunteersarebeingsoughttovisitanatureprotectionareatocountthebutterflieslivingthereandonsurroundingfields.Theprojectispromotedbyallenvironmentalprotectionorganisationwhichhascontributedtoimprovingthelivingenvironmentforwildanimals.Recentlytheorganisationhasissuedanappealtohelpitobserveenvironmentalchangesbasedontherecordofbutterfliesandprotecttheenvironment.Intheareathelocalpeoplehaveplantedmanyspecialflowerswiththehelpoftheorganisationaimingtoseewhethertheseflowerswillinteresttherareandbeautifulbutterflies.TheprojectofficerSarahMarshallsaysItwillbeasuitablehabitat栖息地forbutterflies.Theyaregreat‘indicatorspecies’astheyareeasilyaffectedbyclimatechangessotheymakeabrilliantearly—warningsystemfortheenvironment.ShealsopointsoutthatvolunteersareneededtorecordthenumberorspeciesofbutterfliesandbasedonthechangehappeningtothebutterfliesthehiddenenvironmentalproblemsintheareaearlbefoundoutintimE.TheorganisationisseekingvolunteerstohelpmonitorbutterfliesfromAprilthroughtoSeptember.Theywillwalkafixedrouteandrecordthedifferentbutterfliestheyencounteralongtheway.Eachvisitshouldtakenomorethantwohoursandeachvolunteerisexpectedtovisitonceamonthtocountthewildlife.Staffwillprovidebackupsoiftheweatherispooronthedayyouaretovisitbutterfliesdon'tliketoflyintherainwindorifit'stoocloudywecanhavesomeoneelsedoyourjobSarahpointsout.Nopreviousexperienceisnecessaryastrainingandsupportwillbeprovidedbutakeeninterestisessential.IfyouareinterestedpleasecontactSarahon01380725670ext278email—sarahm@wiltshirewildlifeorg66.AccordingtoParagraph1whatisthepurposeoftheProject?A.Toappealtomorevisitors.B.Toprotecttheenvironment.C.Tocontrolbutterflypopulation.D.Toexpandtheareaforwildlife.67.ManyspecialflowershavebeenplantedinWiltshireto.A.warnpeopleofwildlifeextinctionB.appealmoretouriststobeinvolvedinC.attractmanyunusualandbeautifulbutterfliesD.improvetheeconomicconditionsoflocalpeople68.Butterfliesarecalledindicatorspeciesbecause.A.theycanprovidesupportforvisitorsB.theycangiveinformationtootherspeciesC.theyarenoteasilyfoundoutintheirhabitatsD.theyareverysensitivetoenvironmentalchanges69.VolunteersayerequiredtodothethingsEXCEPT.A.havingsomespecialpreviousexperienceB.beinginterestedinprotectingtheenvironmentC.walkingaregularrouteanddosomerecordingsD.visitingthenatureprotectionareaonceamonth70.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Visitorsayebeingtrainedtoidentifybutterflies.B.Wildlifeareasarebeingprotectedbybutterflies.C.Volunteersarebeingneededtocountbutterflies.D.Organisationsarebeingputuptoprotectbutterflies.
IwouldliketosuggestthatforsixtytoninetyminuteseacheveningalltelevisionbroadcastingintheUnitedStatesbeforbiddenbylaw.Letustakea__1__reasonablelookatwhattheresultsmightbeifsuchan__2__wereaccepteD.Familiesmightusethetimeforarealfamilyhour.WithoutthedistractionofTVtheymight__3__togetherafterdinnerandactuallytalktooneanother.Itiswellknownthatmanyofour__4__-everythinginfactfromthegenerationgaptothehighdivorceratetosomeformsof__5__illness-arecausedatleastinpartby__6__tocommunicatE.Byusingthequietfamilyhourto__7__ourproblemswemightgettoknoweachotherbetterandtolikeeachotherbetter.Oneveningswhensuchtalkis__8__familiescoulddiscovermoreactivepastimes消遣;娱乐.FreedfromTVforcedtofindtheirownactivitiestheymighttakea__9__togethertowatchthesunset__10__theymighttakeawalktogether.__11__freetimeandnoTVchildrenandadultsmightdiscoverreading.Thereismoreentertainmentin__12__thaninaTVprogram.__13__reportthatthegenerationgrowingupwithtelevisioncanhardlywriteanEnglishsentence__14__atthecollegelevel.__15__isoftenlearnedfromreading.A.moreliteratenewgenerationcouldbeaproductofthequiethour.Adifferent__16__ofreadingmightalsobedoneasitwasinthepast:readingalouD.Thequiethourcouldbecomethestoryhour.Whenthe__17__endstheTVnetworksmightbeforcedto__18__withbettershowsinordertogetusbackfromournewly-discoveredactivities.Atfirstglancethisideaseemsradical激进的.Howwillwespendthetimethen?Thefactis:ithasbeenonlytwenty-fiveyears__19__televisioncametocontrolAmericanfreetimE.Thoseofusthirty-fiveandoldercan__20__childhoodswithouttelevision.Itwasn'tthatdifficult.1.A.valuableB.pleasantC.quickD.serious2.A.thingB.suggestionC.opinionD.offer3.A.getaroundB.standstillC.meetD.sitaround4.A.problemsB.troubleC.affairsD.misfortune5.A.physicalB.commonC.mentalD.familiar6.A.attemptB.failureC.abilityD.permission7.A.discussB.tellC.makesureD.seeto8.A.possibleB.unnecessaryC.funnyD.unpleasant9.A.walkB.lookC.rideD.rest10.A.andB.orC.butD.while11.A.AtB.InC.ForD.With12.A.afinepoemB.agoodbookC.aquiethourD.acomposition13.A.DoctorsB.ScientistsC.ParentsD.Educators14.A.yetB.stillC.evenD.just15.A.WritingB.SkillC.SpeakingD.Listening16.A.formB.kindC.methodD.step17.A.readingB.quiethourC.activityD.programme18.A.comeacrossB.comeaboutC.comeupD.broadcast19.A.beforeB.sinceC.untilD.after20.A.remindB.rememberC.recognizeD.know
Whatdoweknowaboutsportphysiology生理学?☆Rowing:Theperfectmaleroweristallheavybutwithverylowbodyfatbroadshouldersandlongpowerfullimbs.Hisheartcanpump40litersofbloodaminutE.☆Shooting:PerfectshootershavealowheartratE.Withinsecondsoffiringtheycandroptheirheartrateby20beatsandfireexactlybetweenheartbeats.Pistolshootingalsoneedsstrongupperbodymuscles.☆Swimming:Theperfectswimmeristallwithverylonglimbsparticularlyarms.Top-classswimmershavebigfeet.Theyhavebighandstoactaspaddlesnarrowhipstoreducedragandbroadshouldersforarmpower.☆Sprinting:Theperfect100msprinteristallwithaunifiedbodyshapE.Topsprintershaveslimlowerlegsandrelativelynarrowhips.☆Gymnasts:Theperfectfemalegymnastissmallandslimwithahighstrengthtoweightratioandevenmuscles.Shehasanarrowbodyforsuperbbalanceandahighpowerhighcapacityenergysystem.☆Weightlifting:Theperfectweight-lifterhasastrongunifiedbodytypeandiswellmuscleD.Goodweightliftersarenottallandtendtohaverelativelyshortarmsandlegs.Theyhavecardiovascularsys-temsthatcanstandsuddenbloodpressureincreases.☆Marathonrunning:Theperfectmarathonrunnerhasalightframeslimlegsandisofsmalltomediumheight.TheyhaveaveryhighoxygenuptakE.60.Whichofthefollowingneedsstrongupperbodymuscles?A.Walking.B.Shooting.C.Sprinting.D.Marathonrunning.61.Whichofthefollowingpicturesismentionedinthepassage?62.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Theperfectmalerower'sheartcanpump40litersofbloodaminutE.B.Top-classswimmershavebigfeetbighandstoactaspaddlesandnarrowhips.C.Theperfect100msprinteristallwithaweakbodyandhasshortlegs.D.Theperfectfemalegymnastissmallandslimwithahighstrengthandmuscles.63.Thetextismainlyabout________.A.sporteventsB.sportrulesC.sportgamesD.sportphysiology
Socialinsectsliveintheformofsocietieswhichinsomewaysaresimilartohumansocieties.Inbothtypesofsocietiesthereisadivisionoflabour.Ininsectsocietiescertaininsectshavethedutyofreproduction繁殖;theworkerscollectfoodwhilethesoldiersdefendthelanD.Inthesamewayhumangroupssuchasfarmersandshopkeepershavespecializedfunctions作用inproducinggoodsandprovidingservicestothesociety.Insectsandhumansocietiesarealsoalikeinthatindividual个体的membersofthesocietyworktogether.Whiteantworkersworktogethertobuildnests.Similarlyinhumansocietiesengineersarchitects建筑师townplannersandconstructionworkersunitetobuildcities.Thenestsofsocialinsectsareascomplex复杂的asaman-madecity.InsomeinsectnestsspecialplacesareprovidedfortheyoungandforfoodstoragE.ManynestsalsohavedevicesforregulatingthetemperaturE.Soinsectnestsareasfunctionalashumanhouses.Itisnotsurprisingthereforethatmanysimilaritieshavebeenmadebetweensocialinsectsandhumansocieties.ItmustnotbeforgottenhoweverthatinsectsocialbehaviorisdeterminedbynaturE.Insectsshownoabilityforlearningorfordevelopingasocialtraditionbasedonlearning.64.Mentionedinthepassagethefunctionsperformedbysocialinsectsare________.A.reproductioncollectingfoodandbuildingnestsetC.B.reproductionoffooddefendingthelandandbuildingnestsetC.C.producingfooddefendingthelandandnursingbabiesetC.D.reproductionoffoodprovidingservicesanddefendingthelandetC.65.Thesecondparagraphtellsusthat________.A.engineersarchitectstownplannersandconstructionworkersdon'thavetoworktogethertobuildacityB.whiteantworkersworktogetherinthesamewayasnursesdoC.inbothsocietiesthereissocialco-operation合作D.whiteantworkersuniteinordertodefendtheland66.Humanandinsectsocietiesaredifferentinthat________.A.differentgroupshavedifferenttraditionsB.insectsocialbehaviorisdeterminedbynaturewhilehumansocietieshavedevelopedasocialtraditionbasedonlearningC.humanbeingscanmakemanysimilaritiesD.humanbeingscanmakemachineswhileinsectscan't67.Themainideaofthispassageis________.A.thesimilaritiesbetweensocialinsectsandhumansocietiesB.thecomplexnestsofsocialinsectsC.thefunctionsperformedbysocialinsectsD.thecauseofinsectsocialbehavior
PeopletheSailorfirstbecameapopularcartooninthe1930s.Thesailorinthatcartoonatelotsofspinachtomakehimstrong.Peoplewatchedhimandtheybegantobuyandeatalotmorespinach.Popeyehelpedsell33percentmorespinachthanbefore!Spinachbecameanecessarypartofmanypeople’sdiets.EvensomechildrenwhohatedthetastebegantoeatthevegetablE.ManypeoplethoughtthattheironinspinachmadePopeyestrongbutthisisnottruE.SpinachdoesnothaveanymoreironthananyothergreenvegetablE.PeopleonlythoughtspinachhadalotofironbecausethepeoplewhostudiedthefoodmadeamistakE.Inthe1890sagroupofpeoplestudiedwhatwasinsidevegetables.ThisgroupsaidthatspinachhadtentimesmoreironthanitdiD.Thegroupwrotethenumberwrongandeveryoneacceptedit.Todayweknowthatthelittleironthereisinspinachcannotmakeadifferenceinhowstrongapersonis.Howeverspinachdoeshavesomethingelsewhichthebodyneeds—folicaciD.Itisinterestingtopointoutthatfolicacidcanhelpmakeapersonstrong.MaybeitwasreallythefolicacidthatmadePopeyestrongallalong.51.A.goodtitleforthisreadingpassageis______.A.PopeyetheSailorB.TheTruthAboutSpinachC.AMistakewithNumbersD.FolicAcidMakesYouStrong52.WhydidmanypeopleeatspinachaftertheysawPopeyetheSailor?A.Theythoughtspinachmadethemstrong.B.TheythoughtPopeyewasfunny.C.Spinachhadalotofiron.D.PeoplelikedfolicaciD.53.A.researchgrouptoldpeoplethatspinach______.A.madePopeyestrongB.wasagreenvegetableC.hadlessironthanothergreenvegetablesD.hadmoreironthanothergreenvegetables54.ThereadingpassagesaysthatperhapsPopeyegothisstrengthfrom______.A.ironB.folicacidC.spinachD.exercise55.Folicacidis______.A.somethinginfoodB.avegetableC.dangerousD.acertainkindofspinach
ThekitewasoriginallycalledZhiyuaninNorthChinaandYaoziinSouthChinA.EarlyintheFivedynastiesamannamedLiYeusedtomakeandflyakiteintheemperor'scourt.HeonceattachedawhistlemadeofbambootothekitE.Soundwasletoutwhenthekitewasflying.ThekitewasnamedafterZhengakindofChinesemusicinstrument.ThenitwasnamedFengzhenginChinesE.TheearliestkiteintheworldwasmadebyMotseafamousChinesephilosopherwholived2300yearsagoformilitary军事的purposes.Hespentthreeyearsmakinganeagleandmanagedtoflyit.TheeaglewaslaterregardedasthefirstkiteintheworlD.Kite-flyingbecamearecreationprobablyfromtheTangdynastywhentheroyalfamilyandpeopleofthehighestclasswereaddictedtoit.ItwassaidthattheEmperorXuanzongintheTangdynastyoncewasinterestedinakitenamedEightImmortalsCrossingtheSeaflyingintheair.Laterthepaper-madekitewasinventedwhichcostlessandspreadquicklyamongthecommonpeoplE.AstimewentonkitesflewtovariouscountriesintheworlD.'Thewell-knownBritishscientistDr.NeedhamoncedescribedkitesasanimportantscientificinventionwhichspreadtoEuropefromChinainhisbookA.HistoryofChina'sScienceandTechnology.Theinventionofthekiteinspiredmen’sdreamofflyingandledtotheinventionoftheairplanE.67.ThekitemadebyLiYewasnamedafteraChinesemusicinstrumentbecause__________.A.itwasmadeofbambooB.itcouldsoundintheskyC.LiYewasamusicianD.itlookedlikeawhistle68.Whatledtotheinventionofthekiteaccordingtothepassage?A.Wars.B.AneaglE.C.Motse'sinterestinanimals.D.Motse'sdreamofflying.69.Whywaskite-flyingnotapopularrecreationamongcommonpeopleatfirst?A.Becausetheyweretoobusytoflykites.B.Becausetheywerenotallowedtoflykites.C.Becauseitwasdifficulttomakekites.D.Becauseitwasexpensivetomakekites.70.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmightDr.Needhamagreewith?A.TheChinesepeoplefirsttriedtoinventairplanes.B.TheChinesespreadtheideaofflyingtoEuropE.C.TheinventionofkitesinChinaisgreat.D.Theinventionofkitesachievedthedreamtofly.
ComputersarehelpfulbecausetheyofferawiderangeoffunctionsandservicesthatarenotavailableanywhereelsE.Therearefourmainuses:wordprocessingInternet/communicationsdigitalvideo/audiocompositionanddesktoppublishing.Thewordprocessingcapabilitiesofcomputersareamazing.Theycanautomaticallycorrectyourspellingandgrammarmistakes.Thecuttingandpastingfeaturesareincrediblysimpleandveryusefulforrevision.Havingadigitalbackupisanaddedbenefit.AllofthesethingshelpwritersgetthejobdonE.Withdesktoppublishingyoucancreatepagelayouts页面布局forentirebooksonyourhomecomputer.TheInternetisoneofthegreatestinventionscreatedbyhumans.Itisahugenetworkofcomputerseachwiththeabilitytocontactanyoftheothers.VastamountsofinformationcanbefoundontheInternet.Itistheultimateformofmediaacombinationofnewspaperradioandtelevision.UsingtheInternetanytwopeopleanywherecancommunicateforfreewhetheritisbytextorvoicE.NewusesarebeingfoundfortheInterneteveryday.Audio/videoeditingandcompositionhavebeenmademucheasierbycomputers.Cuttingandpastingnolongerinvolveusingscissorsandtapeonlargereelsoffilm.ItnolongercoststhousandsofdollarsofequipmenttomakeafilmortocomposemusiC.Nowmusicianscancomposetheirownsongsandpublishthemwithouthavingtoobtainarecordcontract.Film-makerscanproduceworkfromtheirownhomes.Anybodywhoownsacomputercannowenterthefieldofmediaproduction.Internet/communicationsdigitalvideoandaudiocompositionanddesktoppublishingarefeaturesonlyofferedoncomputers.Withtheaidofcomputershumankindisenteringaneweraofcivilization.41.Thispassageismainlytalkingabout______.A.amazingwordprocessingcapabilitiesB.theneweraofcivilizationC.theultimateformofmediaD.mainusesofcomputers42.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowinguseshavethefeaturesofeasycuttingandpasting?A.Internet/communicationsandaudio/videocompositionB.Wordprocessinganddesktoppublishing.C.Audio/videoeditingandcomposition.D.Audio/videoeditingandwordprocessing.43.Asusedinthethirdparagraphthewordultimateisclosestinmeaningto______.A.originalB.bestC.basicD.extreme44.Inwhichofthefollowingpatternsoforganizationisthispassagewritten?A.Introductionlistingofmainfeaturesconclusion.B.Effectanalysisofcausesconclusion.C.TopiclistingofexamplesrestatementofthetopiC.D.Argumentcontrastingopinionsauthor’sattitudE.45.Wecaninferfromtheconclusionofthepassagethat______.A.computerswillintimebringhumanbeingsintoaneweraB.computerswillfullycontrolthehumansocietyC.thecomputersbecomemoreandmorepopularinourlifE.D.the21stcenturywillbeanageofcomputers
Fromaveryearlyagesomechildrenexhibitbetterself-controlthanothers.Nowanewstudythatbeganwithabout1000childreninNewZealandhastrackedhowachild'slowself-controlcanpredictpoorhealthmoneytroublesandevenacriminalrecordintheiradultyears.Researchershavebeenstudyingthisgroupofchildrenfordecadesnow.Theyobservedthelevelofself-controltheyoungstersdisplayed.ParentsteacherseventhekidsthemselvesscoredtheyoungstersonmeasureslikeactingbeforethinkingandPersistenceinreachinggoals.ThestudyledbyMoffittofDukeUniversityandcolleaguesfollowed1000childrenfrombirthtoage32inDunedinNewZealand.Thechildrenwhohadthelowestself-controlwhentheywereagethreetotenlateronhadthemosthealthproblemsintheir30sMoffittsaidandtheyhadtheworstfinancialsituation.Theyweremorelikelytohaveacriminalrecordandtoberaisingachildasasingleparentonaverylowincome.Moffittexplainedthatself-controlproblemswerewidelyobservedandweren'tjustafeatureofasmallgroupofmisbehavingkids.Moffittsaidit'sstillunclearwhysomechildrenhavebetterself-controlthanothersthoughshesaidotherresearchershavefoundthatit'smostlyalearned-behaviorwithrelativelylittlegeneticinfluence.Butgoodself-controlcanbesettoruninfamiliesbecausechildrenwithgoodself-controlaremorelikelytogrowuptobehealthyandprosperousparents.ButthegoodnewsMoffittsaidisthatself-controlcanbetaughtbyparentsandthroughschoolcurriculathathavebeenshowntobeeffective.61.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswelearnthat______.A.theresearchhasbeencarriedoutforfiveyearsB.self-controlwasassessedbychildren'sintelligenceC.self-controlinkidstendstodeterminetheirfutureD.children'sself-controlisalmostthesameatearlyage62.Childrenwithlowself-controlaremorelikelyto______.A.adoptnegativebehaviorsB.getgoodschoolperformanceC.havebetterfinancialplanningD.becomewealthyinlaterlife63.AccordingtoMoffitt_____.A.onlygoodgeneticfactorscanshapetheirlivesinthefutureB.willpowerasachildreallyinfluencespeople'schancesofadulthoodC.self-controlinchildhoodhasnothingtodowithcriminalactivityD.scientistsknowwellwhysomechildrenhavebetterself-control64.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Self-controlcannotbetaughtinschools.B.Thestudyisrestrictedwithinfewparticipants.C.Goodparentingcanimproveself-controlandlifesuccess.D.It'snevertoolatetodealwithself-controlproblems.65.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.KidsareencouragedtotakerisksatanearlyageB.Child'sself-controlpredictsfuturehealthsuccessC.Children'sdevelopmentcannotbechangedbyteachersD.Howtoteachthekidsabitofself-controlinschools
Humanactivityhasinfluencednotonlytheenvironmentweliveinbutalsosomepartsoftheworldnoonehasbeento.Increasedlevelsofcarbondioxide二氧化碳intheatmosphereproducedbyforestburningautomobilesandindustryhasledtorapidchangesinuntouchedareasofSouthAmerica'sAmazonianrainforest.ThelatestresultsofastudycarriedoutbyUSandBrazilianscientistsshowthatcarbondioxidelevelshaverisenby30percentinthelast200years.Thegasisusedinphotosynthesis光合作用theprocessbywhichorganisms生物体changesunlightintoenergy.ThehigherlevelofcarbondioxideiscausingsometreesintheAmazonianrainforesttogrowfasteranddiesooner.Asaresultcertainplantsandanimalscoulddisappear.Tropicalrainforestsarefamousforhavinglotsofspecialspecies种类saidWilliamLauranceleaderoftheresearchteam.Ifyouchangethetreetypesthenotherspeciesparticularlyanimalsthatfeedonthetreeswillchangeaswell.WithcertaintreesgrowingfasteranddyingsoonertheplantsthatliveintheirshadowsarealsothreateneD.AlexandreOliveiraanothermemberoftheresearchteamexplainedLargefastgrowingtreesarewinningattheexpenseofsmallertreesthatlivelowerdown.Theteamhasspentthelast20yearsfollowingthelifepatterns模式of14000treesspreadacrossanareaof190squarekilometers.Theyhavefoundthatthepeopleresponsibleforthedeathoftherainforestsarenotjusthuntersandthosewhocutdowntrees.Somethingasinnocent清白的asdrivingthecartotheshopsinsteadofwalkingcanalsocausedamagE.7.Whatdoesharmtoourenvironmentaccordingtothepassage?A.Dyinganimals.B.Humanactivity.C.Chemicalplants.D.Burninghouses.8.ThereasonforSouthAmerica'sAmazonianrainforesttogrowfasteranddiesooneris________.A.thatlevelsofcarbondioxidehaverisenB.thatpeopleburnplentyofrainforestsfreelyC.thatthegascanchangesunlightintoenergyD.thattropicalweatherchangesfromtimetotime9.Thepassageismostprobably________.A.governmentnewsB.awildexperimentC.ageographybookD.anexperimentalreport10.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat________.A.thosewhogocampinginforestsshouldn'tberesponsibleB.innocentpeopleshoulddrivecarsintorainforestsC.thosewhocutdowntreeswillbepunishedD.peoplewhocutdowntreesshouldplantmoretrees
Sportisnotonlyphysicallychallengingbutitcanalsobementallychallenging.Criticismfromcoachesparentsandotherteammatesaswellaspressuretowincancreateanextraamountofanxietyorstressforyoungathletes.Stresscanbephysicalemotionalorpsychological心理上的andresearchhasindicatedthatitcanleadtoburnout.BurnouthasbeendescribedasdroppingorstoppingofanactivitythatwasatonetimeenjoyablE.Theearlyyearsofdevelopmentarecriticalyearsforlearningaboutoneself.ThesportsettingisonewherevaluableexperiencescantakeplacE.Youngathletescanforexamplelearnhowtocooperatewithothersmakefriendsandgainothersocialskillsthatwillbeusedthroughouttheirlives.Coachesandparentsshouldbeawareatalltimesthattheirfeedbacktoyoungsterscangreatlyaffecttheirchildren.Youngstersmaytaketheirparents'andcoaches'criticismstoheartandfindaflaw缺陷inthemselves.Coachesandparentsshouldalsobecarefulthatyouthsportparticipationdoesnotbecomeworkforchildren.Theoutcomeofthegameshouldnotbemoreimportantthantheprocessoflearningthesportandotherlifelessons.Intoday'syouthsportsettingyoungathletesmaybeworryingmoreaboutwhowillwininsteadofenjoyingthemselvesandthesport.Followingagamemanyparentsandcoachesfocusontheoutcomeandfindfaultwithyoungsters'performances.PositiveencouragementshouldbeprovidedwithoutconsideringtheoutcomE.Researchindicatesthatpositivereinforcementmotivates刺激andhasagreatereffectonlearningthancriticism.Againcriticismcancreatehighlevelsofstresswhichcanleadtoburnout.1.Aneffectivewaytopreventtheburnoutofyoungathletesis________.A.toreducetheirmentalstressB.tomakesportslesscompetitiveC.toincreasetheirsenseofsuccessD.tomakesportsmorechallenging2.Accordingtothepassagesportispositiveforyoungpeopleinthat______.A.itcanhelpthemlearnmoreaboutsocietyB.itenablesthemtofindflawsinthemselvesC.itcanprovidethemwithvaluableexperiencesD.itteachesthemhowtosetrealisticgoalsforthemselves3.Manycoachesandparentsareinthehabitofcriticizingyoungathletes________.A.believingthatcriticismisbeneficialfortheirearlydevelopmentB.withoutrealizingcriticismmaydestroytheirself-confidenceC.inordertomakethemrememberlife'slessonsD.soastoputmorepressureonthem4.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassageis________.A.toteachyoungathleteshowtoavoidburnoutB.topersuadeyoungchildrennottoworryaboutcriticismC.tostresstheimportanceofpositiveencouragementtochildrenD.todiscusstheskillofconnectingcriticismwithencouragement
EdwardWilsonisAmerica'sifnottheworld'sleadingnaturalist.InTheFutureofLifehetakesusonatouroftheworld'snaturalresources资源.Howaretheyused?Whathasbeenlost?Whatremainsandisitabletocontinuewiththepresentspeedofuse?Wilsonalsopointsouttheneedtounderstandfullythebiodiversity生物多样性ofourearth.Wilsonbeginswithanopenlettertothepioneerinenvironment环境protectionHenryDavidThoreau.Hecomparestoday'sWaldenPondwiththatofThoreau'sday.Wilsonwillusesuchcomparisonsfortherestofthebook.Theproblemisclear:manhasdonegreatdamagetohishomeovertheyears.Cantheearthwithhumanhelpbemadetoreturntobiodiversitylevelsthatwillbeabletosupportusinthefuture?BiodiversityWilsonarguesisthekeytosettlingmanyproblemstheearthfacestoday.Evenouragriculturalcropscangainadvantagesfromit.A.merehundredspecies物种arethebasisofourfoodsupplyofwhichbuttwentycarrytheloaD.Wilsonsuggestschangingthissituationbylookingintotenthousandspeciesthatcouldbemadeuseofwhichwillbeawaytoreducetheclearingofthenaturalhomesofplantsandanimalstoenlargefarmingareas.AttheendofthebookWilsondiscussestheimportanceofhumanvaluesinconsideringtheenvironment.Ifyouaretocontinuetoliveontheearthyoumaywellreadandactontheideasinthisbook.60.WelearnfromthetextthatWilsoncaresmostabout______.A.theenvironmentforplantsB.thebiodiversityofourearthC.thewasteofnaturalresourcesD.theimportanceofhumanvalues61.Howmanyspeciesaremostimportanttoourpresentfoodsupply?A.Twenty.B.Eighty.C.OnehundreD.D.TenthousanD.62.Wilsonsuggeststhatonewaytokeepbiodiversityisto______.A.learnhowtofarmscientificallyB.buildhomesforsomedyingspeciesC.makeitclearwhattoeatD.usemorespeciesforfood63.Wecaninferthatthetextis________.A.adescriptionofnaturalresourcesB.aresearchreportC.abookreviewD.anintroductiontoascientist
Anewstudyshowsthatlargeamountsofvitaminsandmineralscanslowthelossofsightlinkedtoaging.Theconditioniscalledage-relatedmaculardegenerationorA-M-D.ThediseaseisamajorcauseofblindnessamongoldpeoplE.Doctorsdon'tknowwhatcausesit.Thediseasedestroysthecentralpartoftheretina视网膜thecellsatthebackoftheeyethatgatherlight.ThefirstsignofA-M-Dusuallyisalossofvisualclearness.Peoplewiththediseasehavetroublereadingdrivingandrecognizingfaces.Theycan'tseeclearlythroughthecenteroftheireyes.Theymustlookatthingsfromthesidesoftheireyes.OvertimeA-M-Dcancauseblindness.TheNationalEyeInstitutecarriedoutthesix-yearstudy.Almost5000peoplein11areasoftheUSAtookpart.Theywerebetweentheagesof55and80.Someofthepeoplehadmoresevereformsofthediseasethanothers.Theresearcherstestedacombinationoflargeamountsofvitaminsandminerals.SomepeopleinthestudyweregiventhemineralzinC.OtherstookthevitaminsC.andE.A.thirdgroupreceivedboththezincandvitamins.Theremainingpeopletookinactivesubstancescalledplacebos安慰剂.Thepeopleinthestudywereinthreegroups.Basedontheseverityoftheirdiseasetheresearcherscomparedthevisionabilitiesandotherconditionsofthepatientsafter5yearsoftreatment.TheirfindingswerepublishedintheArchivesofOphthalmology眼科学.ThescientistssaythecombinationofvitaminsandzinchadnoeffectonpatientswiththeleastsevereformofA-M-D.HowevertheysaythevitaminsandzinchelpedpeoplewithmoreseriousA-M-D.ThetreatmentcuttheriskofdevelopingthemostsevereformofA-M-Dbyabout25%.ThevitaminsandzincalsopreventedsomevisionlossforthosepatientsalreadysufferingsevereA-M-D.Thepatientstak-ingzincandvitaminsseparatelyalsowerehelpedbutnotasmuchasthosetakingboth.EarlierstudieshadshownthatpeoplewhoeatlargeamountsoffruitsandvegetablescontainingimportantvitaminsareatlowerriskofdevelopingtheeyediseasE.5.ThediseaseofA-M-Dcanleadto________.A.blindnessB.visualclearnessC.visuallossD.cataract6.Accordingtowhattheytakethescientistscarriedoutastudyanddividedthosepeopleinto________.A.twogroupsB.threegroupsC.fourgroupsD.fivegroups7.Asahealthypersonweshouldeatmore________topreventthediseaseA-M-D.A.mineralandzincB.vitaminsC.vitaminandzincD.freshfruitsandvegetables
Haveyoueverusedatypewriter?Ifnotyou'vesurelyseenonE.Thisusefulmachinehasamostinterestinghistory.Althoughyoumaythinkthatthetypewriterisamoderninventiontheideagoesasfarbackastheearly1700s.Itwasthenin1714thatEngland'sQueenAnnegrantedHenryMillthefirstpatent专利foramachinethattypedletterscalledAnArtificial人造的MachineorMethodForImpressingLetters.Themachineremainedjustadesignonpaper.Variousothertypingmachineswereinventedoverthenexthundredyearsorso.Howeverallofthemhadthesameproblem:theyrequiredmoretimetousethanwritingthesamematerialbyhanD.Thingsimprovedalittlearound1829whenanAmericannamedWilliamBurtinventedamachinecalledthedesiredletter.Healsopressedabartolinkthepaper.ThemachineprintedletterswellbutithadatopspeedofonlyfivewordsaminutE.Finallyin1874amorepracticalmachinewasintroducedtothepubliC.InventedbyanAmericanChristopherSholesandsomeofhiscompanions同事themachinewassetupbyE.RemingtonandSonsandcalledtheRemingtonModelNo.1.Itwasthefirsttypewritertohavethekindoftypewriterkeyboardweknowtoday.Youmayhavealookatthetypewriterkeyboardandwonderaboutthestrangearrangementofletters.Asamatteroffactthekeysweresoarrangedtoforcetypiststotypeslower.TypingtoofastcaughtthekeysofRemington1pressedtogether.TheystillfollowthisearlyarrangementoflettersofthekeyboarD.11.Whatdoesthewritermainlytalkaboutinthispassage?A.Whatatypewriteris.B.HowthetypewriterwasinventeD.C.Thefunctionanduseofatypewriter.D.Remingtonandhisinvention.12.AnArtificialMachinewas_______.A.thefirsttypewriterthatwasmadebyHenryMillB.highlypraisedbytheBritishpeopleasthefirsttypewriterC.hardlyproducedatallD.madeasthefirsttypewriterin171413.Thefirsttypewritersweremade________.A.from1700to1714B.intheeighteenthcenturyC.inthenineteenthcenturyD.inthetwentiethcentury14.Whoinventedamachinecalledthedesiredletter?A.HenryMill.B.QueenAnnE.C.ChristopherSholes.D.WilliamBurt.15.ThatthekeyboardofRemington1wasdesignedsowasbecause________.A.theinventorwantedtomaketypingslowerthanwritingB.theinventormeanttopreventthekeysfrombeingpressedtogetherC.itwasarrangedstrangelyD.ithasnothingtodowithRemington
CertainanimalsandplantsdevelopcharacteristicsthathelpthemdealwiththeirenvironmentbetterthanothersoftheirkinD.Thisnaturalbiologicalprocessiscalledadaptation.Amongthesuperiorcharacteristicsdevelopedthroughadaptationarethosethatmayhelpingettingfoodorshelterinprovidingprotectionandinproducingandprotectingtheyoung.Thatresultsinthegradualdevelopmentofmoreandmoreorganismssmalllivingthingsthatarebetterfittedtotheirenvironments.Eachlivingthingisadaptedtoitswayoflifeinageneralwaybuteachisadaptedespeciallytoitsowndistinctclasskind.A.plantforexampledependsuponitsrootstofixitselffirmlyandtoabsorbwaterandinorganicchemicals无机化学物.Itdependsuponitsgreenleavesforusingthesun'senergytomakefoodfrominorganicchemicals.Thesearegeneraladaptationscommontomostplants.InadditiontherearespecialadaptationsthatonlycertainkindsofplantshavE.Manyanimalshaveadaptationsthathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Someinsectsarehiddenbytheirbodycolororshapeandmanylooklikealeaforalittlebranch.Thecoatsofdeerarecoloredtomixwiththesurroundings.Manyanimalshavetheabilitytoremaincompletelystillwhenanenemyisnear.Organismshaveagreatvarietyofwaysofadapting.Theymayadaptintheirstructurefunctionandgenetics;intheirdevelopmentandproductionoftheyoung;andinotherrespects.Anorganismmaycreateitswonenvironmentasdowarm-bloodedmammalswhichhavetheabilitytoadjustbodyheatexactlytomaintaintheiridealtemperaturedespitechangingweather.Usuallyadaptationsareanadvantagebutsometimesanorganismissowelladaptedtoaparticularenvironmentthatifconditionschangeitfindsitdifficultorimpossibletoreadapttothenewconditions.40.Someplantsandanimalsdevelopsuperiorcharacteristicssothattheymay.A.helpothersoftheirkindgetfoodshelterandotherthingsneededB.surviveeveninextremelysevereconditionsC.becomebetteradaptedtotheenvironmentsthanothersoftheirkindD.resultintheevolutionandproductionofmoreintelligentorganisms41.Inthefirstparagraphthewordenvironmentscouldbestbereplacedby.A.contextsB.surroundingsC.neighborsD.enemies42.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethatthefeathersofabirdarecolored.A.tofrighteneditsenemies.B.toattractitsenemiesC.toadjustitsbodyheatD.tomatchitsenvironment43.Whichofthefollowingisnotdirectlymentioned?A.A.livingthingmayadaptinitsstructurE.B.Anorganismmayadaptinitsfunction.C.A.livingcreaturemayadaptinitsgeneticmakeup.D.A.livingorganismmayadaptinitssleepinghabit.
Theearth’smostrichresource—waterhasbecomeoneofthemostpreciousresourcesintheUnitedStatesasriverslakesandfreshwaterreservoirsareincreasinglyexploitedforhumanusE.ConsequentlyusingprecisefarmingtechniquestorefineirrigationschedulingisaresearchareaofparticularinteresttoSusanMoranaresearcherwiththeUSdepartmentofAgriculturE.SheexplainsthatinthesouthwestirrigationisbothdifficultandexpensivE.Thereshesaysfarmershaveatendencytooverirrigatespendingbothmoretimeandmoneythanisnecessary.I’mtryingtoprovidenewinformationthatcouldbeusedbyfarmerstoscheduleirrigationstoimprovetheirprofitabilityanduselesswaterMoransays.Farmersoftenlookatweatherchangesandthenscheduleirrigationbasedonthatinformation.Butiftheyhadbetterinformationtheycouldusescientificmodelstocomputemorepreciselyhowmuchwatertheircropisusing.Ratherthanguessingtheircrop’spotentialneedforwaterbaseduponweatherchangesfarmerscanuseremotesensorstomeasurehowmuchwatertheircropisactuallyusing.Thiswouldgivethemamoreaccuratemeasureofhowmuchmorewateritneeds.Moranbelievesthatiffarmersaregettinggoodandtimelymeasurementsofplantandairtemperaturethentheycanprogramwhenandhowmuchwatertogiveeachcropthroughanirrigationsystem.Nomorewaterwouldbeusedthanneededthussavingcostandconservingwater.MoranintroducesonestudysheconductedinArizonatoinvestigatetheuseofremotesensingdataforschedulingcottonirrigations.Typicallythosefarmersirrigatetentimespergrowingseasonbutevidenceshowedthatsomeofthosefarmerscouldachievebasicallythesameharvestwithonlynineirrigations.Inthosecasesonelessirrigationsavedmorethanallthecostofremotesensingdatashestates.BothirrigationandsatelliteremotesensingdataareexpensivE.Butthenagainmanyfarmersareusedtowordingtogetherasagroup.Theyareusedtosharing.I’mhopingtheycoulddothesamewithremotesensingdata—purchaseonesceneoveralargeareatocovermanyfarmswhichwouldfurtherreducethecost.46.WhatdoesMoranthinkistheproblemwithfarmers?A.Over-usedreservoirs.B.Precisionfarming.C.Irrigationresearches.D.Over-irrigation.47.Howcanfarmersgetthenewinformationabouttheircrop?A.TorescheduleirrigationasrequireD.B.Towatchweatherchangesregularly.C.Touseremotesensorsasresearcherssuggest.D.TousescientificmodelssincecomputingismorereliablE.48.Whatdofarmerscheckuponwhentheydecidehowmuchwatereachcropneeds?A.Profitability.B.Remotesensors.C.Thecost.D.AirtemperaturE.49.What’sthepurposeofMoranintroducingthestudyshecarriedoutinArizona?A.ToinvestigatetheuseofremotesensingdatA.B.Tosupportherviewpointinthepreviousparagraph.C.Toshowhowfarmerscanreapaharvest.D.Tocriticizethosefarmerswhousedtoomuchwater.50.Whatisamongthebestpossiblewaystohelpsavefarmers’money?A.Changingirrigation.B.SharingsensingdatA.C.Buyingonecomputer.D.Extendingthefarms.
ThequalityofdrinkingwaterinShanghaiwillmeetEuropeanUnionstandardby2010andadecadelatercitizensinShanghaiwilldrinkthebestwaterintheworlD.ThesewerethegoalssetoutbytheShanghaiWaterAuthority.Withthecity’spopulationexpectedtoincreaseonlyslightlyandtheeconomytoboomby2020ChenYinandofficialwiththewaterauthoritysaidShanghai’swaterconsumptionwillnotincreasefromitspresentamount.ZhangYuedirectoroftheUrbanConstructionDivisionundertheMinistryofConstructionsaidShanghaiisthefirstcityinthecountrytopublicizetheseambitions.TheywillnotbeeasytoachievE.HesaidwatersavingwillhelpkeepthesustainabledevelopmentofChina’seconomy.Savingonecubicmeterofwatermeanssavingthecity’sinfrastructure基础设施costsby10000Yuan.LastyearShanghaisaved300millioncubicmetersofwatereitherfromreadjustmentofindustrialstructureortheemploymentofnewtechnology.TheaimistoarousepublicawarenessoftheseriousnessofwatershortagesChensaiD.Theabundantsurfacewaterandamountofrainofthecityaresomisleadingthattheyresultinimproperuseofwater.Shanghailacksdrinkablewater.TheHuangpuRiverwhichsupplies80percentofthecity’sdrinkablewaterisnearingexhaustion.ThecitythereforehasbeenexploringnewsourcesfromtheYangtzeRiverandgrowingforestsalongittoconservequalitywater.BesidespenningregulationstheauthorityispopularizingtechnologyamongthepublictoefficientlycuttheamountofwateruseD.Atpresentthecityhas600000familytoiletseachusing13litersofwaterperflush.Thesearetoberenovated整修touseonly9litersofwaterperflush.Theauthorityisrenovatingthefirst200toiletsforhouseholds–atacostof40Yuaneach.Inthreeyearsallthetoiletswillberenovatedwhichsavesthecitynearly15millionYuaneveryyearinwaterconservation.Anothertaskthecityisengagedinisthetreatmentofsewage污水toimprovethewaterenvironment.Atpresentthecitycanonlytreat44percentofitsdaily5.04milliontonsofwastewater.Tomeetthetotaldemand27moresewagetreatmentfactoriesaretobeestablishedwithanestimatedinvestmentof18billionYuan.46.PeopleinShanghaigettheirdailywatermainlyfromnow.A.theundergroundB.therainC.theYangtzeRiverD.theHuangpuRiver47.Accordingtothepassagesomepeoplehavethewrongopinionofusingwaterbecause.A.therenovatingoffamilytoiletswillsaveplentyofwaterB.abouthalfofwastewaterhasbeentreatedalreadyC.advancedtechnologymakespeopleusewaterasmuchaspossibleD.thereisplentysurfacewaterandlargeamountofrainatpresent48.Theauthorityisrenovatingthefirst200toiletsforhouseholdsto.A.makepeople’slivingmoreconvenientB.improvepeople’slivingstandardsC.easeemploymentpressureD.meetthetotaldemandofwater49.Whichgroupofmeasuresareallmentionedinthepassagetosavewater?a.improvedrinkingwaterqualityb.changesomeindustrialstructurec.introduceorusesomenewtechnologyd.speedtheeconomicdevelopmentofShanghaie.renovatesomefamilytoiletsf.buildmoresewagetreatmentfactoriesA.abcdB.bcefC.bcdeD.abef50.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.theboomofeconomywillneedalargeramountofwaterinthefutureB.citizenstodayinShanghaidrinkthebestqualityofwaterintheworldC.noteveryonetodayinShanghaiisawareofwatershortageD.allthefamilytoiletswillberenovatedtosavewaterwithin3years
Thereisabigexperimentgoingon.Howbig?WellthelaboratoryisthePacificOceanandtheexperimentmaygoonfortwentyyears.Suchahugeexperimentisneededtoanswerahugelyimportantquestion:Howfastistheearthwarmingup?Weknowthattheincreasingamountsofcarbondioxidearemakingouratmosphereintoawarmerblanket.Andweworrythatthisgreenhouseeffectmaygetgreaterandgreater.Butwearen'tsurehowmuchtheearthiswarminguporhowmuchithaswarmedupoverthepasthundredyears.Ofcoursewehavelotsofcarefultemperaturerecords.YouseeorheartheseeverydayintheweatherreportsofyourradioandTVstations.Youalsocanseehowmuchthesechangesfromhourtohourfromdaytodayandfromoneplacetoanother.ButyouhaveneverheardanyonesaywhattheaveragetemperaturewasforthewholeworlD.ScientistshaveworkedhardtofigureoutaverageairtemperaturesinordertoseehowmuchthesehavechangeD.Oneofourbestestimates估算isthattheearthhaswarmedupabout1°Finthepasthundredyears.Thatmaynotsoundlikemuchbutonaworldwidebasisevensmallchangesintemperaturehavebigeffects.61.Whyistheexperimentregardedasbig?Itisbecause________.A.thelaboratoryisthePacificOceanB.theexperimentmaylastaslongas20yearsC.theexperimentisneededtosolveaveryimportantproblemD.bothA.andB.62.Fromthesecondparagraphwelearnthefollowingexceptthat________.A.theincreasingamountsofcarbondioxidearemakingtheearthwarmerandwarmerB.mandoesn'tknowhowwarmertheearthisgettingC.manwondershowfasttheearthiswarmingupD.theincreasingnumberofgreenhousesontheearthmakesthetemperaturehigherandhigher63.Scientistsareperformingthebigexperimentto________.A.getthetemperaturerecordsofthewholeworldB.seehowtheweatherallovertheworldchangesfromhourtohourC.takethetemperaturesofthePacificOceanD.findouttheaverageairtemperaturessoastoseetheirchanges64.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Thetemperatureoftheearthhasrisen1°Cinthepasthundredyears.B.Thetemperatureoftheearthhasrisenslightlyhigherwhichhasnobadeffect.C.Thesmallchangesinthetemperatureoftheearthaffecttheearthgreatly.D.Thetemperatureoftheearthhasrisenonly1°Finthepasthundredyearswhichhasnobadeffectontheearth.
Australianscientistsaretryingtogivekangaroo-stylestomachstocattleandsheepinordertocutthegreenhousegasestheysendoutwhichisthoughttoberesponsibleforglobalwarming.Thankstospecialbacteriaintheirstomachskangarooflatulence肠胃气胀containsnomethane甲烷andscientistswanttotransferthatbacteriatocattleandsheepwhoproducelargequantitiesoftheharmfulgas.Whiletheusualimageofgreenhousegaspollutionisabillowingsmokestack烟囱pushingoutcarbondioxidefarmanimals’passingwindcontributeasurprisinglyhighpercentageoftotalemissions排放物insomecountries.FourteenpercentofemissionsfromallsourcesinAustraliaisfromentericmethanefromcattleandsheepsaidAtholKlieveaseniorresearchscientistwiththeQueenslandstategovernment.AndifyoulookatanothercountrysuchasNewZealandwhichhasgotamuchhigheragriculturalbasethey’reactuallyuparound50percenthesaiD.Researcherssaythebacteriaalsomakesthedigestiveprocessmuchmoreefficientandcouldpotentiallysavemillionsofdollarsinfeedcostsforfarmers.Butitwilltakeresearchersatleastthreeyearstoisolate分离thebacteriabeforetheycanevenstarttodevelopawayoftransferringittocattleandsheep.AnothergroupofscientistsmeanwhilehassuggestedAustraliansshouldfarmfewercattleandsheepandjusteatmorekangaroos.Andabout20percentofhealth-consciousAustraliansarebelievedtoeatthenationalsymbolalready.It’slowinfatit’sgothighproteinlevelsandit’sverycleaninthesensethatbasicallyit’sthefree-range放养的animalsaidPeterAmptoftheUniversityofNewSouthWales’sinstituteofenvironmentalstudies.67.Scientistsintendtoputbacteriaintocattleandsheep________.A.topreventthemfromsendingoutharmfulgasesB.tohelpAustralianfarmerstoearnmoremoneyC.sothattheycanprotectAustralianecosystemD.sothattheycanmakefulluseofspecialbacteria68.AtholKlieveseemstobelievethat________.A.cattleandsheepproducemorecarbondioxideB.lesscattleandsheepareraisedinNewZealandC.farmanimalsaretoblameforgreenhousegasesD.NewZealandhasthemostanimalsintheworld69.Themainideaofthetextisto________.A.discussabetterwaytoprotecttheeachB.warnfarmersofthedangerofanimalwasteC.illustratethepossiblesolutionstopollutionD.presentarecentstudyonglobalwarming70.TheadvantagesPeterAmptlistsaboutkangaroosdon’tinclude________.A.itisrichinproteinB.islowinfatC.itischeaperthanbeefD.itiscleanerthansheep
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