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高中英语《2012届高考各地模拟阅读理解分类汇编精题分解 之一（复习类）试题及答案》真题及答案
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Throughouttheworldboysandgirlsprefertoplaywithdifferenttypesoftoys.Boystypicallyliketoplaywithcarsandtruckswhilegirlstypicallychoosetoplaywithdolls.Whyisthis?A.traditionalsociologicalexplanationisthatboysandgirlsaresocializedandencouragedtoplaywithdifferenttypesoftoysbytheirparentspeersandthesociety.Growingscientificevidencesuggestshoweverthatboys’andgirls’toypreferencesmayhaveabiologicalorigin.In2002GerianneM.AlexanderofTexasA&MUniversityandMelissaHinesofCityUniversityinLondonsurprisedthescientificworldbyshowingthatmonkeysshowedthesamesextypicaltoypreferencesashumans.InthestudyAlexanderandHinesgavetwomasculinetoysaballandapolicecartwofemininetoysasoftdollandacookingpotandtwoneutraltoysapicturebookandastuffeddogto44maleand44femalemonkeys.Theythenassessedthemonkeys’preferenceforeachtoybymeasuringhowmuchtimetheyspentwitheach.Theirdatashowedthatmalemonkeysshowedsignificantlygreaterinterestinthemasculinetoysandthefemalemonkeysshowedsignificantlygreaterinterestinthefemininetoys.Thetwosexesdidnotdifferintheirpreferencefortheneutraltoys.Ifchildren’stoypreferenceswerelargelyformedbygendersocializationastraditionalsociologists’claiminwhichtheirparentsgivegenderappropriatetoystoboysandgirlshowcanthesemaleandfemalemonkeyshavethesamepreferencesasboysandgirlsTheywereneversocializedbyhumansandtheyhadneverseenthesetoysbeforeintheirlives.61.Traditionalsociologistsbelieveboys’andgirls’toypreferences________.A.arepasseddownfromtheirparentsB.arelargelyformedinlaterlifeC.havenothingtodowithgendersocializationD.haveabiologicalorigin62.ThestudybyAlexanderandHinesshowsthatmonkeys________.A.alsohaveasextypicaltoypreferenceB.alsoplaytoysashumansdoC.havenotoypreferencesD.liketoplaydifferenttoysatdifferenttime63.AlexanderandHinescarriedoutthestudyto________.A.findmoreevidencefortraditionalsociologyB.testtheintelligenceofmonkeysC.testwhethermonkeysliketoplaytoysD.findoutwhyboysandgirlspreferdifferenttoys64.Accordingtothestudyifgivenastuffeddog________.A.onlythemalemonkeysshowedinterestB.thefemalemonkeysshowedmoreinterestC.themaleandfemalemonkeysshowedthesameinterestD.neitherthemalenorthefemalemonkeysshowedanyinterest65.Masculinetoysaremainlyintendedfor________.A.boysB.adultC.monkeysD.girls
Haveyoueverbeenafraidtotalkbackwhenyouweretreatedunfairly?Haveyoueverboughtsomethingjustbecausethesalesmantalkedyouintoit?Manypeopleareafraidtosupportthemselves.DrRobertAlbertauthorofStandUpSpeakOutandTalkBackthinksit'sbecausetheirself-respectislow.There'salwaysasuperioraround---parentateacheraboss---whoknowsbetter.ButAlbertandotherscientistsaredoingsomethingtohelppeoplehelpthemselves.TheyofferassertivenesstrainingcoursesA.T.forshort.IntheA.T.Coursepeoplelearnthattheyhavearighttobethemselves.Theylearntospeakoutandfeelgoodaboutdoingso.TheylearntobeaggressivewithouthurtingotherpeoplE.Inonewaylearningtospeakoutistogetridoffear.A.grouptakinganA.T.Coursewillhelpthetimidpersontolosehisfear.ButA.T.usesanevenstrongermotive---heneedtosharE.Thetimidpersonspeaksoutinthegroupbecausehewantstotellhowhefeels.Whetherornotyouspeakupforyourselfdependsonyourself-respect.Ifsomeoneyoufaceismoreimportantthanyouyoumayfeellessofaperson.Youstarttodoubtyouranswerstoproblems.Youcangettofeelgoodaboutyourself.Andonceyoudoyoucanlearntospeakout.51.Theproblemthewritertalksaboutisthat______.A.somepeoplebuythingstheydon'twantB.somepeopleareafraidtospeakoutfortheirrightsC.therearetoomanysuperiorsD.somepeopledon'tthinkenoughofthemselves52.Thecauseoftheproblemtalkedaboutinthispassageisthat______.A.somepeoplehavealowself-respectB.thereisalwayssomeonearoundwhoknowsbetterC.salesmentalkpeopleintobuyingthingstheydon'twantD.peopledon`tshareenough53.TheA.T.Courseoften______.A.makepeopledistrusttheirownanswersB.makethingsmorefavorableforsuperiorsC.helppeopleknowasmuchastheirsuperiorsD.helppeoplebecomemoreimportant54.OnethingtheA.T.Coursedon'tdoisto______.A.sharetheneedofpeopleB.showtheyhavearighttobethemselvesC.helppeopleovercomefearD.helppeopletohelpthemselvesevenifotherssuffer55.A.goodtitleforthispassagecouldbe______.A.TheNeedtoShareB.TalkBackWhenNecessaryC.OneWaytoBuildSelf-RespectD.OneWaytoTrainSpeakingAbility
Whenwethinkaboutpeoplewhoareleadersweoftengetamentalpictureofsomeonewhoisoldersmarterandwiserthanourselves.StudiesofleadershipthoughhaveusuallyfoundthatthereisalmostnorelationshipbetweenskillasaleaderandtraditionalmeasuresofintelligencE.SomerecentresearchbypsychologistRedFiedleandhiscolleaguessuggeststhatbothintelligenceandexperiencemaybeimportant—butjustnowhowimportantdependsuponhowstressfultheworksituationisandwhatkindoftaskistobeaccomplisheD.Theresearchersobtainedmeasuresofintelligenceexperienceperformanceandstress.Overallthesevariablesdidnotrelatetooneanother.Menwithhighandlowintelligencewereequallylikelytogivegoodperformanceasweremenwithmoreandlessexperienceormoreandlessstresswiththeirbosses.Whenyoulookseparatelyatthosemenwhohavehighstresswiththeirbosseshoweverthepicturechanges.InhighstresssituationstherewasnoconnectionbetweenintelligenceandperformancebuttherewasbetweenexperienceandperformancE.Inotherwordsindifficultsituationsitwashelpfultoknowtheropes.InlowstresssituationsthefindingswerejusttheoppositE.Experiencewasnotrelatedtogoodperformancebutintelligencewas.Thatiswhenthingsaregoingwellintelligenceisveryusefulinleadership.Astudyoffirefighters’performanceunderhighandlowstressconditionsalsofoundtheexperiencedofficersperformedbestundersituationsofstress.Noneofthisisreallyverysurprising.Ifyouhaveeverhadasupervisoryjobyouprobablyfoundthatatleastasmuchenergywentintodealingwithpeopleaswentintomanagingthejobitself.Testsofintelligence—atleasttheoneswehavenow—donotpredictsuccessindealingwithpeoplE.55.Whatkindofpeoplecandothebestjobinstresssituation?A.intelligentpeopleB.experiencedpeopleC.calmpeopleD.skilledpeople56.Inthesecondsentenceofthefourthparagraphtoknowtheropesmostprobablymeans.A.tounderstandthesituationB.tocontrolthesituationC.togetridofthesituationD.tomakesurewhattodoaboutthesituation57.Inthethirdsentenceofthelastparagraphasupervisoryjobrefersto.A.amanagementjobB.anadvisoryjobC.ateachingjobD.anorganizingjob58.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.InstresssituationstherearenoassociationbetweenexperienceandperformancE.B.SomerecentresearchsuggeststhatmostleadersarelackofintelligencE.C.Inlowstresssituationsintelligenceplaysanimportantroleinleadership.D.GenerallyspeakingleadersarelikelytobeclevererthanordinarypeoplE.
Rooftopscoveredwithplants—calledgreenroofs—couldhelpfightglobalwarmingscientistsnowsuggest.GreenroofsaregrowingmorepopularincitieswiththenumberofgreenroofsInGermanywidelyconsideredtheleaderingreenroofingsome12percentofallflatroofsaregreenwiththeGermangreenroofindustrygrowing10to15percentannually.Theseroofscanreduceheatingandairconditioningcostswitharoughly10percentreductioninnaturalgasusageanda2percentdropinelectricityuseforatypicalbuilding.Moreovergreenroofslasttwotothreetimeslongerthanstandardroofs.Theyalsostorestormwaterwhichcouldotherwiseexacerbate加剧flooding.Theycanalsobringinbirdsandbutterflieshelpimprovebiodiversity多样性Rowesaid.Inadditiontotakinginpollutionandnoisetheplantsingreenroofsnaturallyabsorbcarbondioxidetheleadinggreenhousegasbehindglobalwarming.HoweverScientistsatMichiganStateUniversityfoundthatreplacingtraditionalroofingmaterialswithgreenroofsinanurbanareathesizeofDetroitwithapopulationofaboutonemillionwouldtakedioxidesentoutby10000mid-sizedSUVsandtrucks.ThechallengesgreenroofsnowfaceintheUnitedStatesaresomethingaboutpolicyandcosts.Thegovernmentshouldnotnecessarilymandate强制执行thembutitcanprovidesupportforthemjustastheydoinGermanyandelsewhereRowetoldliveSciencE.Andgreenroofsaremoreexpensivebutonlyinitially.Overtimethey’recheaperonceyouconsidertheirbenefitsenergy-wisE.Ittakesabout11to14yearstobreakeven.64.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Greenroofsarebecomingmorepopularincitiesandruralareas.B.Theseroofscandecreaseheatingandairconditioningcosts.C.Greenroofsisofgreatbenefittocontrolglobalwarming.D.Greenroofsnowfacethechallengesoflawandtechnology.65.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Greenroofscantakeintheleadinggreenhousegasbehindglobalwarming.B.Itiseasierforgreenroofstobreakthanstandardroofs.C.A.buildingwithagreenrooftakeslessenergytobeheateD.D.Greenroofsareofhigherbuildingcost.66.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____.A.RoweisnotoptimisticaboutthefutureofgreenroofsB.GermanyhasmadeitaruletobuildgreenroofsC.theUnitedStatesiswidelyconsideredtheleaderingreenroofingD.greenroofscanattractbirdsandbutterflies
Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?Whyshouldmoneytimeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefits?WhyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarth?ThesearequestionsthatunderstandablyareveryoftenaskeD.Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeup基因构成ashumanbeings.Whatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplainsandonintoallpossibleareasandenvironments?Thewiderthespreadofaspeciesthebetteritschanceofsurvival.PerhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossiblE.Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexploredbecausebydoingsoanydangersinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfor.Withoutknowledgewemaybecompletelydestroyedbythedanger.Withknowledgewecanlessenitseffects.Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotential潜在的resourcestobefounD.Evenifwehavenoimmediateneedofthemtheywillperhapsbeusefullater.Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalpossessions.Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquiredthroughexploration.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspin-offsincludingimprovementsinearthquakepredictioninsatellitesforweatherforecastingandincommunicationssystems.Evennon-stickpansandmirroredsunglassesareby-products副产品oftechnologicaldevelopmentsinthespaceindustry!Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturntheexplorationofspaceallowscreativebraveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhatmayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworksitalsoholdsdangers.ThedangerexistsbutknowledgecanhelphumanbeingstosurvivE.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspacethechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlifesurelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.ItistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferentbuthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuturE.56.WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1?A.Toexpresshisdoubts.B.Tocomparedifferentideas.C.Tointroducepointsfordiscussion.D.TodescribetheconditionsonEarth.57.WhatisthereasonforexploringspacebasedonParagraph2?A.Humansarenature-borntodoso.B.Humanshavethetendencytofight.C.HumansmayfindnewsourcesoffooD.D.Humansdon’tliketostayinthesameplacE.58.Theunderlinedwordspin-offsinParagraph4probablyrefersto_______.A.survivalchancesB.potentialresourcesC.unexpectedbenefitsD.physicalpossessions59.Whatmakesitpossibleforhumanstoliveonotherplanets?A.Ourgeneticmakeup.B.Resourcesontheearth.C.Theadaptiveabilityofhumans.D.By-productsinspaceexploration.60.Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?A.Spaceexplorationhascreatedmanywonders.B.Spaceexplorationprovidesthebestvalueformoney.C.Spaceexplorationcanbenefitscienceandtechnology.D.SpaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpotentialproblemsonEarth.
Modernmanhasclearedtheforestsforfarmlandandforwoodandhasalsocarelesslyburnedthem.Morethanthatthoughhehasalsointerfered干涉withtheinvisiblebondsbetweenthelivingthingsintheforests.Therearemanyexamplesofthiskindofdestruction.Theharmfulnessofman’sinterferencecanbeseeninwhathappenedmanyyearsagointheforestoftheKaibabplateau凯亚巴布高原ofnorthernArizonA.MantriedtoimproveonthenaturalwebofforestlifeanddestroyeditinsteaD.TheKaibabhadastorybookforestoflargesizedpineDouglasfirwhitefirblueandEngelmannspruce.In1882avisitornotedWewho...havewanderedthroughitsforestsandparkshavecometoregarditasthemostenchantingregionithaseverbeenourprivilege特权tovisit.ThiswasalsothelivingplaceoftheRockyMountainmuledeer.Indianshuntedthereeveryautumntogathermeatandskins.Theforestalsohadmountainlionstimberwolvesandbobcatsthatkeptthedeerfrommultiplyingtoorapidly.Thenin1906PresidentTheodoreRooseveltmadetheKaibabanationalgamepreservE.Deerhuntingwasforbidden.Governmenthuntersstartedkillingoffthedeer’senemies.In25years’time6250mountainlionswolvesandbobcatswerekilleD.Beforetheprogramtherewereabout4000deerintheKaibabby1924therewereabout100000.Thedeerateeveryleafandtwigtheycouldreach.ButtherewasnotnearlyenoughfooD.Huntingofdeerwaspermittedagain.Thiscausedaslightdecreaseinthedeerherd鹿群butafargreaterlossresultedfromstarvation饥饿anddiseasE.Some60percentofthedeerherddiedintwowinters.By1930theherdhaddroppedto20000animals.By1942itwasdownto8000.12.ThedestructionoftheenvironmentoftheKaibabresultedfrom.A.turningtheforestintocultivatedlandB.interferingwithnaturalcycleofforestlifeC.forestfirescausedbyman’scarelessnessD.cuttingthetreesforbuildingmaterials13.EngelmannspruceParA.2ismostlikelythenameof.A.atreeB.ananimalC.amountainD.agame14.ThenumberofthedeerintheKaibabhadincreasedenormouslyinyears’timE.A.25B.6C.18D.1215.YearslaterlargenumbersofdeerintheKaibabdiedmainlybecauseof.A.thecoldB.theorganizedkillC.theshortageoffoodD.thepoormanagement
Plantscan’tcommunicatebymovingormakingsoundsasmostanimalsdo.Insteadplantsproducevolatilecompounds挥发性化合物——chemicalsthateasilychangefromaliquidtoagas.A.flower’ssweetsmellforexamplecomesfromsuchvolatilecompoundstoattractinsectssuchasbugsandbees.Plantscanalsodiscovervolatilecompoundsproducedbyotherplants.A.treeunderattackbyhungryinsetsforinstancemaygiveoffthesechemicalsinordertoletothertreesknowabouttheattack.Inresponsetheothertreesmaysendofftheirchemicalstokeepthebugsaway——orevenchemicalsthatwillattractthebugs’naturalenemies.Nowscientistshavecreatedaquickwaytounderstandwhatplantsaresaying:achemicalsensor传感器calledanelectronicnose.Thee-nosecantellsuchcompoundsasplantsmakE.Whenplantsareattackedscientistssaythee-nosecouldhelpquicklydecidewhetherplantsarebeingeatenbyinsects.Buttodaytheonlywaytospotsuchinsectsistoinspectindividualplantsbyobservingthem.Thisisachallengingtaskformanagersofgreenhousesincludingthosethatcanhousethousandsofplants.Theresearchteamisworkingwithane-nosethatcanrecognizevolatilecompounds.Insidethedevice13sensorschemicallyreactwithvolatilecompoundsbasedontheinteractions相互作用andthenthee-nosewillgiveoffelectronicsignalsthatthescientistscananalyzebyusingcomputersoftwarE.Totestthee-nosetheteampresenteditwithhealthyleavesfromcucumberpepperandtomatoplantsallbeingcommongreenhousecrops.Thenscientistscollectedsamplesoftheairarounddamagedleavesfromeachtypeofcrop.Theseplantshadbeendamagedeitherbyinsectsorbyscientistswhomadeholesintheleaveswithaholepunch打孔器.Thee-noseitturnsoutcanidentifyhealthycucumberpepperandtomatoplantsbasedonthevolatilecompoundstheyproducE.ItcouldalsoidentifytomatoleavesthathadbeendamageD.Butevenmoreimpressivethedevicecouldtellwhichtypeofdamage——byinsectsorwithaholepunch——hadbeendonetothetomatoleaves.Withsomefine-tuning微调adevicelikethee-nosecanonedaybeusedingreenhousestoquicklyspotharmfulbugstheresearcherssay.A.devicelikethiscanalsobeusedtoidentifyfruitsthatareperfectlyripeandreadytopickandeatsaysNataliaDudarevaabiochemistatPurdueUniversityinWestLafayetteIndiawhostudiessmellsofflowersandplants.HopefullyscientistsbelievethedevicecanbringlargebenefitstogreenhousemanagersinthenearfuturE.54.Welearnfromthetextthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherby______.A.makingsomesoundsB.wavingtheirleavesC.producingsomechemicalsD.sendingoutelectronicsignals55.Whatdidthescientistsdotofindoutifthee-noseworked?A.Theyfixed13sensorsinsidethedevicE.B.Theypresenteditwithallcommoncrops.C.Theycollecteddifferentdamagedleaves.D.Theydotestsondamagedandhealthyleaves.56.Accordingtothewriterthemostamazingthingaboutthee-noseisthatitcan______.A.pickoutripefruitsquiteexpertlyB.spottheinsectsinaveryquickwayC.telldifferentdamagestoleavesD.recognizeunhealthytomatoleaves57.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatthee-nose______.A.isunabletotellthesmellofflowersB.isnotyettestedingreenhousesC.isdesignedbyscientistsatPurdueD.ishelpfulinkillingharmfulinsects
About97%oftheworld’swaterissaltyandisfoundinouroceansandseas.Butaswecan’tdrinkseawaterhowcanitbeimportant?Everypartofourseasandoceanscontainsanamazingnumberofanimalsandfishthatliveatdifferentoceandepths.MostofthedifferentspeciesofanimalsandfishdependonsimpleplantsfortheirfooD.Thesesimpleplantscalledalgae海藻driftnearthesurfaceoftheoceanandusesunlighttoturncarbondioxideandwaterintofoodandoxygen.InfactalgaeproduceoverhalfoftheoxygenpeoplebreathE.Howimportantseawateris!Eachplantoranimalinourseasandoceansisanimportantlinkinafoodchain.Thealgaeareeateninlargeamountsbymicroscopicanimalswhichareinturnconsumedbylargeranimals.ThesefoodchainsaredelicatelybalanceD.Thebadnewsaboutthefoodchainsintheoceansisthattheyareunderthreatbecauseofman.Peopleoncethoughtthattheoceansweresobigthatitdidn’tmatterifwedumpedrubbishintothemorcaughthugequantitiesoffishandwhalesforfooD.Butwenowknowthisisnottrueandfishstocksintheoceanshavestartedtodrop.Thankfullytheworldistakingstepstoprotectthefutureofouroceansbyintroducinginternationalagreementstoprotectmarinehabitats.Mostcountrieshaveintroducedfishingrestrictionstoprotectfishstocksintheoceansandnewtechniquesarebeingpioneeredtocopewithpollution.FinallytheimportanceofprotectingoceansisbeingmadeknowntomorepeoplE.ThisisjustthebeginningofalongprocesstoprotecttheoceansforourfuturE.Wedependontheoceansforfishwhichareanimportantpartofthehumandiet.Howimportantseawateris!68.Whichofthefollowingistheproperorderofthefoodchain?A.smallanimals→algae→microscopicanimals→largeanimals→manB.algae→microscopicanimals→largeanimals→largeranimals→manC.smallanimals→algae→largeanimals→microscopicanimals→manD.microscopicanimals→algae→largeanimals→largeranimals→man69.Peopleusedtothinkthattherubbishthrownintothesea________.A.wouldn’tharmthefishintheseaB.wouldchangethebalanceofthefoodchainC.wouldbebrokendownintheseaD.wouldn’tdomuchharmtothesea70.Fromthepassagewelearnthat_________.A.mostfishandseaanimalsliveatthesurfaceoftheseasB.itisverydifficulttobreakthebalanceofafoodchainC.excessivefishinghascausedthedecreaseinfishstockD.itwon’tbelongbeforetheproblemsconcerningoceanswillbesolved71.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofseawater.B.Lifeintheoceans.C.Howtoprotectfoodchains.D.Howtodealwithseawaterpollution.
Whydomendieearlierthanwomen?Thelatestresearchmakesitknownthatthereasoncouldbethatmen’sheartsgointorapiddeclinewhentheyreachmiddleagE.Thelargeststudyoftheeffectsofageingonthehearthasfoundthatwomen’slongevitymaybelinkedtothefactthattheirheartsdonotlosetheirpumpingpowerwithagE.Wehavefoundthatthepowerofthemaleheartfallsby20-25percentbetween18and70yearsofagesaidtheheadofthestudyDavidGoldspinkofLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversityintheUK.Withinthehearttherearemillionsofcellsthatenableittobeat.Betweentheageof20and70one-thirdofthosecellsdieandarenotreplacedinmensaidGoldspink.Thisispartoftheageingprocess.Whatsurprisesscientistsisthatthefemaleheartseesverylittlelossofthesecells.A.healthy70-year-oldwoman’sheartcouldperformalmostaswellasa20-year-oldone’s.Thisgender性别differencemightjustexplainwhywomenlivelongerthanmensaidGoldspink.Theystudiedmorethan250healthymenandwomenbetweentheagesof18and80focusingonhealthypersonstoremovetheconfusinginfluenceofdiseasE.TheteamhasyettofindwhyageingtakesagreaterlossonthemaleheartsaidGoldspink.ThegoodnewsisthatmencanimprovethehealthoftheirheartwithregularexercisE.GoldspinkstressedthatwomenalsoneedregularexercisetopreventtheirlegmusclesbecomingsmallerandweakerastheyagE.51.Theunderlinedwordlongevityinthesecondparagraphprobablyrefersto________.A.healthB..longlifeC..ageingD..effect52.Thetextmainlytalksabout________.A.men’sheartcellsB.women’sageingprocessC.thegenderdifferenceD.heartsandlonglife53.AccordingtothetexttheUKscientistshaveknownthat________.A.womenhavemorecellsthanmenwhentheyarebornB.womencanreplacethecellsthatenablethehearttobeatC.thefemaleheartlosesfewofthecellswithageD.womenneverlosetheirpumpingpowerwithage
WiththeTeslaRoadsterandotherplugin插入式electricvehicleshittingtheroaddemandisgrowingforaccessiblerefuelingpointstorechargethem.CarbonDayAutomotiveaChicagobasedcompanyhasnowdemonstratedasolarpoweredrechargingpointknownastheSolarPlugInStationwhichletsmotoristseasilychargetheircarsusingelectricitythathasbeenproducedwithoutanyenvironmentaldamagE.TheSolarPlugInStationhasgoneonshowinChicagoaspartofthecity’sbidtohostthe2016OlympicGames.AccordingtoCarbonDayAutomotivetheSolarPlugInStationonshowinChicagoispartofthevitalinfrastructure基础设施requiredforelectricvehiclesinChicagoandwasthefocusofarecentvisitbytheInternationalOlympicCommitteE.Thesesolarpoweredelectricitypointswillbeuseddailytofuelthecity’selectricvehicleswithpowerfromthesun.ByproducingtheelectricityfrompollutionfreesolarcelltheCO2emissionsarereducedtozero.SolarenergyandelectricvehiclesareapartnershipthatisonemoresteptoreducingourdependenceonforeignoilsaysRichardLowenthalCEOofCoulombTechnologies.CoulombTechnologiesrecentlydevelopedthecomponents部件requiredforindividualrechargingstationsmarketedasChargePointNetworkedChargingStations.CarbonDayAutomotiveistheMidwestdistributorfortheChargePointstations.TheSolarPlugInStationconsistsofgiantsolarpanels电池板thatshadethetinyChargePointNetworkedChargingStation.Thesolarpanelisconnectedtoanundergroundbatterypackreadyforeverydayrefueling.WithoutthesestationsitwouldbelikedrivingaroundinatraditionalcarwithouttheavailabilityofgasstationssaysScottEmalfarbCEOatCarbonDay.Thedayoftruepluginelectricvehicleswillbeheresoonerthanmostpeoplerealizeandtheworldneedstobereadytoaccommodatethem.66.TheSolarPlugInStationisusedaspartofthebidtohosttheOlympicsmainlybecause________.A.it’senvironmentallyfriendlyB.itmakesupforthelackofelectricityC.it’sanewideaandattractspeople’sattentionD.itbringsconveniencetoelectricvehicleusers67.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.torechargetheelectricvehiclestakesalongtimeB.theSolarPlugInStationwillcomeintousein2016C.theSolarPlugInStationhasgoneonshowinternationallyD.Chicagoispromotingtheuseofelectricvehicles68.AccordingtothepassagehowmanyofthefollowingstatementsareTRUE?A.TeslaRoadsterisakindofpluginelectricvehiclE.B.TheSolarPlugInStationusessolarpowertochargeallofthecars.C.Chicagoisacitywhichisrichinoil.D.TheSolarPlugInStationconsistsofundergroundbatterypacks.E.ScottEmalfarbisoptimisticaboutthefutureofpluginelectricvehicles.A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.69.ThepassageimpliesthatwhentheSolarPlugInStationbecomespopular________.A.morevisitorswillcometoChicagoB.thecitizensofChicagowillbeabletogotoworkfasterC.morespaceforelectricvehicleswillbeneededD.thecostofelectricvehicleswillbelowerthantraditionalcars70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ChicagoWillSoonBeFullofElectricVehiclesB.ChicagoCallsonPeopletoBuyElectricVehiclesC.ChicagoFightsforItsBidtoHostthe2016OlympicsD.ChicagoShowsItsSolarpoweredRechargingStations
DailyTelegraph-Anenormousnumberofsardines沙丁鱼havebeenphotographedastheyswamintheformationofadolphin海豚.SteveDeNeefphotographedthefishnearCebuinthePhilippinesgroupingtogethertoprotectthemselvesfromlargeranimals.Hesaid:Gettingthepictureofthedolphinshapewasjustaboutbeingintherightspotattherighttimebutitwouldbetotheirbenefitiftheycouldimitate模仿alargeranimal.DailyMail-Blackgarlic-asweetvarietyofthepopularcookingingredientthatdoesn'tleaveyouwithbadbreath-isgettingreadytohittheUKsupermarketshelves.Blackgarlictastesmuchsweeterthantraditionalgarlicandenjoystwicetheamountofanti-oxidants抗氧化剂andcanlasttwiceaslongontheshelf.BBC-ResearchersintheUnitedStateshavedevelopedthefirstwirelesslycontrolleddevice装置thatcansupplyadrugdirectlyintothebody.Asmallchipisimplantedundertheskin.Itcontainsthemedicinewhichitreleasesatprogrammedtimes.Thedeveloperssaythedevicecouldimprovethelivesofmillionsofpeoplewhotakemedicineforlong-termillnessesandmayonedayfreepatientsfromhavingtoremembertotaketheirmedicineorgivethemselvesinjections.VOA-Globalwarmingcouldmakehumansshorterwarnscientistswhoclaimtohavefoundevidencethatitcausedtheworld'sfirsthorsestoshrinknearly50millionyearsago.Astemperatureswentuptheirsizewentdownandviceversa反之亦然;atonepointtheywereassmallasahousecat.Thescientistssaythatthecurrentwarmingcouldhavethesameeffectonmammalsandevenhumans.59.WhatinformationcanweobtainfromSteveDeNeef'swords?A.Thesardinesswimtogethertoprotectthemselvesfromdolphins.B.Thesardineswillbeinsafetywhenmeetingalargeranimal.C.Hetookthisrarepictureofsardinesprobablybyaccident.D.It'seasytogetthepictureofthedolphinshape.60.Incomparisonwithtraditionalgarlicblackgarlic_____.A.willleaveyoumuchstrongerbreathB.ismorepopularintheUKsupermarketC.canbekeptfreshforamuchlongertimeD.containsthesameamountofanti-oxidants61.Whowillprobablyfindthewirelesslycontrolleddevicemostuseful?A.Janetwhoissufferingabadcold.B.Sophiawhohadhadanoperation.C.Winfredwhohasbeenillforlong.D.Lynettewhohasapoormemory.62.TheunderlinedwordshrinkinParagraph4probablymeans_____.A.becomesmallerB.becomeweakerC.growbiggerD.growstronger
Occasionalsleepwalkingdoesnottendtopresentaproblemandmostchildrengrowoutofit.IfithappenseverynightandcausesproblemsthensleepdisorderspecialistssuggestthatparentsspendaweeknotingthetimewhensleepwalkingtendstohappenandthengentlywakethechildaboutfifteenminutesbeforethistimE.ThiswilloftenbreakthecyclE.Sowhatshouldyoudoifyoufindyourrelativesleepwalking?Forastarttheyareinsuchadeepsleepthattheywillprobablynotnoticeyouevenifyoutrytowakethem.IfyoudosucceedinwalkingthemtheywillbecomedistresseD.EveryonehasexperiencedthatfeelingofconfusionwhenthealarmawakensyoufromdeepsleepinsteadofthelightersleepweareusuallyexperiencingbythetimeouralarmssounD.Ioncehadtheshockofbeingwokenbyacrashandfoundmyselfinthekitchenstandingbarefootandsurroundedbybrokenglass.I’dtriedtogetaglassofwaterwhilesleepwalkingbutlikemostsleepwalkersIfailedtoturnonthelightandhadsmashedtheglassagainstthetap.Walkingasleepwalkerwillnotcausethemtohaveaheartattackbutthekindestthingtodoisnottrytowakethematall.Leadthemgentlybacktobedsothattheydonothurtthemselves.Theywillremaindeeplyasleepanditislikelythatwillnotrememberathinginthemorning.56.Whatdothespecialistsadvisetheparentstodotoavoidtheirchildren’ssleepwalking?A.Gotobedwiththeirchildrenatthesametime.B.Keeparecordofthetimewhenchildrenwakeup.C.Take15minutestowakechildrenfromsleepwalking.D.Trysometimetobreakthecycleofthesleepwalking.57.Whenasleepwalkerissuddenlywokenheismostlikelyto.A.diefromheartattackB.dosomecookingC.feellostD.becomerelaxed58.Whatshouldwedotodealwithasleepwalkingrelative?A.Donothingbuttakehimbacktobed.B.Tryeverymeanstowakehimatonce.C.Leaveyourrelativewherehestays.D.Sendhimtoaspecialistimmediately.59.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SleepDisorderB.SleepwalkingC.SleepAdviceD.Sleepwalkers
ThesurprisingexperimentIamabouttodescribeprovesthatairisallaroundyouandthatitpresseddownuponyou.AirpressureisapowerfulforcE.Whenyouswimunderwateryoucanfeelwaterpushingonyourbody.TheairallaroundyoudoesthesamE.Howeveryourbodyissousedtoitthatyoudonotnoticethis.ThepressureiscausedbyalayerofaircalledtheatmospherE.Thislayersurroundstheearthextendingtoaboutfivekilometersabovetheearth’ssurfacE.ThefollowingexperimentisaneasyonethatyoucandoitathomE.Butmakesurethatyouaresupervisedbecauseyouwillneedtousematches.Nowfortheexperiment!Whatyouneed:·Ahard-boiledeggwithouttheshell·Abottlewithaneckslightlysmallerthantheegg·Apieceofpaper·AmatchMethod:CheckthattheeggwillsitfirmlyontheneckofthebottlE.TearthepaperintostripesandputthestripesintothebottlE.LightthepaperbydroppingaburningmatchintothebottlE.QuicklysittheeggontheneckofthebottlE.Result:AstonishinglytheeggwillbesuckedintothebottlE.Yourfriendswillbeamazedwhenyoushowthemtheexperiment.Butbecarefulwhenyouhandlethematches.WhyithappenedAsthepaperburnsitneedsoxygenandusesuptheoxygenairinthebottlE.TheeggactsasasealintheneckofthebottlesonomoreaircangetinsidE.ThisreducestheairpressureinsidethebottlE.TheairpressuremustequalizesomoreairfromoutsidemustenterthebottlE.Theoutsideairpressedagainsttheeggandthentheeggispushedintothebottle!Thisprovesthatairisallaroundandthatitispressingdownonus.59.Whyistheretheneedtotakecarewhenyouaredoingtheexperiment?A.Thebottlecouldbreak.B.Youneedtolightthepaperwithamatch.C.TheeggneedstobeshelleD.D.TheegghastobeperfectlyplacedontheneckofthebottlE.60.Intheexperimenttheburninginsidethebottlecan___.A.equalizetheairpressureinsidethebottlE.B.makeasealintheneckofthebottlE.C.finishuptheoxygeninsidethebottlE.D.producemoreoxygeninsidethebottlE.61.Howdidtheegggetintothebottle?A.Theoxygeninsidethebottlesuckedtheeggin.B.Itbecamesoftwithouttheshell.C.Theneckofthebottlewaswideenough.D.TheoutsideairpressureforceditintothebottlE.62.Theexperimentiscarriedtoprove___.A.waterpushesonyourbodywhenyouswimunderwater.B.theearthissurroundedbyalayerofaircalledtheatmospherE.C.thepressureofairaroundushasapowerfulforcE.D.theairpressureisnotequalizedaroundus.
Nowinaworldpiledhighwithsmartphonestabletsande-readerstechnologyhasenteredtheclassroominwaysunimaginablE.Takingclassescanbefuntoo.A11youhavetodoisswipeyourfingersonyourphonescreenanddownloadsameAppswhichcanmakeyourstudymorefunandefficient.Balancingstudyandplayinacollegesettinghasneverbeeneasy----andwiththefollowingfewappsit'llbetoughtotellthetwoapart.EvernoteUse:note-takingCanbeusedonPhone/iPad/iPodtouchAndroidBlackBerryPalmOSandWindowsPhone7PricefreeIt'shardtoimaginethatwithallthemagicalgadgets新发明theeagerstudioustypeswouldstilltakeoutanotepadpencilandhighlighter-andtakenotesinclass.Whileit'snotanactualplannerorcalendarAppifyoutakenotestostayorganizedthenEvermoteisforyou.ThemainthingaboutEvernateisthatallofyournotesareautomaticallysentintothecloud云储存平台上---andthenyoucanaccessthemfromanyweb-connectedcomputerviatheEvermoteApporawebbrowser.Evermotealsosupportaudioandphotonotes-ratherhandyifyouwanttorecordyourlectureortakephotosofanyprojectednotes.Butofcourseaskforpermissionfirst.WikipanionUseresearchdatabaseCanbeusedoniPhone/Pad/iPodtouchPricefreeWikipanionPlusfor＄499or31.87yuanNowyoudon'tnecessarilyhavetogotoalibraryoranywherewithcomputerservicestodoresearchworkforyourpaperanymorE.Youcangetaccesstotheresearchdatabasesjustonyoursmartphoneortablet.WikipaniongivesyouasimplifiedversionofWikipediawithoutleavingoutanyofthesite'sextrafeatures.Thenormallinksthatyou'dseetoeachsectionofanarticlenolongeronthemainscreen.Insteadthere'sasmallicon图示影像locatedatthebottomoftheappwhichcanbeusedtoaccessallthesectionsofanarticlE.YoucanalsoopenthelinksinSafari苹果Safari浏览器.Accordingtothedevelopers'siteloadingWikipediapageswithWikipanionisalotfasterthanaccessingtheWikipediasitefromtheiPhone'sbrowses浏览器.TobehonestweagreE.ConqueringBilingualNewsListeningin7DaysUse:EnglishlearningapplicationCanbeusedon:iPhone/iPad/iPodtouchPriceForalimitedtimeyoucangettheAppforonly＄0.99---halfpricE.StilllearningEnglishwithaworkbook?ifsoyouarebehindthetimes.Get21thCenturyNewspaper'snewiPhoneAppConqueringBilingualNewsListeningin7Days.WhenyoudownloadtheApponyouriPhoneyoucanlistentothehottestbilingualnewsselectedfromthenewspaper'sofficialwebsitewww.i2lst.cnandreadbynativespeakers.Userscanenjoytheaudiobilingualnewswithsynchronized同步的subtitlesandfantasticpictureswhileimmersed沉浸inanauthenticlanguageenvironment.WithasimpletapthesentenceyouchoosewillberepeateD.ConqueringBilingualNewsListeningin7DayshasrankedNo.1ontheChineseeducationApplist.ForalimitedtimeyoucangettheAppforonly＄0.99---halfpricE.68.Thispassagemainlyaimsat_____A.advertisersB.travellersC.studentsD.teachers69.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.YoucangetthelastAppmentionedforonly＄0.99----halfpricE.B.WikipanonisfreeofchargE.C.EvernotehasrankedNo.1ontheChineseeducationApplist.D.Allthesethreeprogramsareimaginary.70.Fromthepassageweknowthat________A.studentswouldstilltakeoutanotepadpencilandhighlightertotakenoteswithEvernoteB.withWikpanionyoucanrecordyourlectureortakephotosofthenotesC.accessingthe-WikipediasitefromtheiPhone'sbrowserisalotfasterthanloadingWikipediapageswithWikipanonD.withEvernoteallofyournotesareautomaticallysentintothecloud71.Whichisthebesttitle?A.HowtoBeaStudiousstudentB.TheInternetIsVeryImportantinOurLifeC.GadgetsMakeStudyFunD.It'sNecessarytoHaveaniPhone
TalkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytalE.Butrecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherandwithotherlivingthingsinasurprisingnumberofways.TounderstandthemscientistssaywejusthavetolearntheirlanguagE.Farmersareespeciallyinterestedinwhatplantshavetosay.Plantsareabletocommunicatewithallsortsoforganisms有机体.Theycancommunicatewithgiantbacteriawithotherplantsandwithinsects.TheydothischemicallysaidCahillanEcologyProfessoroftheUniversityofAlbertainCanadA.Plantscientistsarejustbeginningtounderstandthischemicallanguage.Cahillsaysstudieshaveshownforexamplethatplantscanevaluateconditionsintheirimmediateenvironmentandtakeappropriateactions.Plantshaveanabilityforexampletosignalpainordiscomfortcausedbyanythingfromtemperatureextremestoaninsectattack.JackSchultzaprofessorofchemicalecologyattheUniversityofMissourisayswhenaplantsensesthatit’sbeingeatenitcannotwalkawayfromtrouble;onthecontraryitwillreleaseachemicalvaporthatalertsotherplantsnearby.TheirlanguageisachemicallanguageanditinvolveschemicalsthatmovethroughtheairthatareeasytobechangeableandmostofallaresmellsthatwearefamiliarwithSchultzexplaineD.AllplantsrespondedtotheattackbychangingtheirchemistrytodefendthemselvesSchultzrecalleD.Butwewerequitesurprisedtofindthatnearbyplantsalsochangedtheirchemistrytodefendthemselveseventhoughtheywerenotpartoftheexperiment.Studieshavealsoshownthatplantsunderattackreleasepleasantchemicals.Thosechemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant.Intheendplants’abilitytocommunicatetheirneeds---andourabilitytounderstandthem---couldhelpfarmersreducetheuseofpoisonouschemicalscutoperatingcostsandlimitdamagetotheenvironment.55.Therecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscan______________.A.communicatewithotherlivingthingsinachemicalwayB.hardlyreacttoanysuddenchangeintemperatureC.useaveryspecialchemicallanguagewhichisfamiliartousD.respondtotheattackbygivingoffpoisonouschemicals56.Whenbeingeatenbyaninsecttheplantwill______________.A.walkawayfromtroubleB.changeitschemistrytokilltheinsectC.releaseachemicalvaportoaskotherplantsforhelpD.giveoffnicechemicalstoattractfriendlyinsectskillingthepest57.Theunderlinedwordalertmostprobablymeans______________.A.warnB.protectC.threatenD.allow58.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CommunicationbetweenPlantsB.A.ChemicalLanguageC.PlantsCanTalkD.HowPlantsProtectThemselves
AtthebottomoftheworldliesamightycontinentstillwrappedintheIceAgeanduntilrecenttimesunknowntoman.Itisagreatlandmasswithmountainrangeswhoseextentandelevationarestilluncertain.Muchofthecontinentisacompleteblankonourmaps.ManhasexploredonfootlessthanonepercentofitsareA.AntarcticadiffersfundamentallyfromtheArcticregions.TheArcticisanoceancoveredwithdriftingpackediceandhemmedinbythelandmassesofEuropeAsiaandNorthAmericA.TheAntarcticaisacontinentalmostaslargeasEuropeandAustraliacombinedcenteredroughlyontheSouthPoleandsurroundedbythemostunobstructedwaterareasoftheworld—theAtlanticPacificandIndianOceans.Thecontinentalicesheetismorethantwomileshighinitscenter;thustheairovertheAntarcticaisfarmoreicedthanitisovertheArcticregions.Thiscoldaircurrentfromthelandissoforcefulthatitmakesthenearbyseasthestormiestintheworldandmakesunlivablethoseregionswhosecounterparts配对物attheoppositeendoftheglobearelivablE.Thusmorethanamillionpersonslivewithin2000milesoftheNorthPoleinanareathatincludesmostofAlaskaSiberiaandScandinavia—aregionrichinforestandminingindustries.ApartfromahandfulofweatherstationswithinthesamedistanceoftheSouthPolethereisnotasingletreeindustryorsettlement.66.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.A.IcelandB.LandofOpportunityC.UtopiaatLastD.TheUnknownContinent67.AtthetimethisarticlewaswrittenourknowledgeaboutAntarcticawas______.A.verylimitedB.vastC.fairlyrichD.non-existent68.What’sthefundamentaldifferencebetweenAntarcticaandtheArctic?A.TheArcticisanoceanwhileAntarcticaisacontinent.B.TheArcticisinhabitedbypeoplewhileAntarcticaisuninhabitablE.C.TheArcticiscoveredwithicewhileAntarcticaissurroundedbywater.D.TheArcticissurroundedbycontinentswhileAntarcticaisborderedbyoceans.69.TheAntarcticaismadeuninhabitableprimarilyby________.A.iceB.calmseasC.coldairD.lackofwater70.Accordingtothisarticle________.A.2000peopleliveontheAntarcticaContinentB.amillionpeoplelivewithin2000milesoftheSouthPoleC.weatherconditionsmakesettlementsimpracticalD.onlyahandfulofnativesinhabitAntarctica
AsandstormhitGansuProvinceInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion内蒙古自治区andBeijingonSundayreducingvisibility能见度tolessthan100metersinaffectedareas.Whenvisibilitydropstolessthan1kilometeritiscalledasandstorm.ThesandstorminMinqinblewupdustinneighboringtownssuchasBaiyinWuweiandJinchang.DustwindsalsosweptintoBeijingatmorethan20metersperseconD.Dustfirstreachedthecapital’ssuburbsat7A.m.downtownareasat9A.m.ThePalaceMuseumincentralBeijingwascoveredinthickbrown-yellowdustatnoon.Thewindswhichdieddownduringthenightbroughtthetemperaturedownto8℃belowzeroandmanyflightsputofftheirplannedtimefromthecity’sairport.AlthoughtheChineseCentralWeatherhadforecastthesandstormonTuesdayandwarnedcitizenstoprepareforitmanypeoplewereshockedbytheyellowsky.WangHongshengaseniorcitizenlivinginBeijingformorethan60yearssaidsuchweatherhadseldombeenseeninrecentyears.Inthenorthwesternpartofthecitytheskywasdarkenedbythesandforcingcarsandshopstoturnontheirlights.ItisquiterareforsandstormswhicharefrequentbetweenMarchandJunetohappeninwinterwhentheearthisfrozen.ThesandstormsinGansuandInnerMongoliadonotnecessarilymeantherewillbemoreoftheminthespringthanlastyearbutBeijingistakingitveryseriously.ItisreportedthatBeijingwillspend6billionyuaninpreventingsandstormsinthecapitalandhasalreadysetupaspecialteamtomakesurewhatcausesthem.72.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.A.sandstormtookplaceinGansu.B.A.sandstormhappenedonSunday.C.Thesandstormisveryseriouscomparedtolastyear.D.Theexpertsaretryingtheirbesttodeterminethecauseofthesandstormformedthisyear.73.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothebadeffectsthesandstormhascausedinBeijing?A.Thetemperaturefell.B.Flightsputofftheirtimetotakeoff.C.Theairwasdirty.D.Peoplehadthreedays’leavE.74.Whydidsandstormsbegininwinterthisyear?A.Becausetherewaslittlesnowthisseason.B.Becausealotoftreeshadbeencutdown.C.Becausepeopletookfewmeasurestocontrolthem.D.ItisnotmentionedinthepassagE.75.Theauthorwrotethepassageto___.A.tellustheenvironmentisbecomingworseandworseB.explainwhatmeasurespeoplehavetakentocontrolsandstormsC.makepeoplerealizetheneedtoprotecttheenvironmentD.callonustodowhatwecantosavetheeart
TheSouthPoleisaparticularplaceontheearth.Whenpeoplestandatthetopofitlookingaroundtheywillfindalldirectionsfacetonorth.Nomatterhowtheymaketheirfirststepinwhichdirectiontheywillalwayswalktowardsthenorth.That’stosayonlynorthandsouthexistthereneithereastnorwestexists.AtthetopoftheSouthPoleanyclockorwatchkeepsgoodtimebecauseallmeridians子午线jointherE.AllkindsoflocaltimearecompletelysuitabletherE.Itisevendifficulttodistinguish区别NewYear’sEvefromNewYear’sDay.Theexplorersandscientistsfromdifferentcountriesalwaysfixthetimeaccordingtotheirown.ThereforethetimebytheirwatcheswasdifferentwhenthepeoplewithdifferentnationalitygatheredtherE.TheWinterSolstice冬至日isanimportantfestivalattheSouthPolE.ItisalwaysonJune21or22.ThisdayiscalledMidwinterFestivalonwhichthedaytimeistheshortestinayearandthenightthelongest.AllpeopleattheSouthPoleextendgreetingstoeachotherandpresentgiftstoeachother.Theyusuallygiveallkindsofcelebrations.Fromthatdayonthedaytimewillgetlongerdaybyday.60.AtthetopoftheSouthPoleyourwatchwill________.A.keepgoodtimeB.befiveminutesfastC.stopD.betenminutesslow61.Thetimebythewatchesoftheexplorersandscientistsfromdifferentcountriesis________.A.alwaysthesameB.notalwaysdifferentC.alwaysslowD.notalwaysthesame62.TheWinterSolsticeisanimportantfestival________.A.intheworldB.attheNorthPoleC.attheSouthPoleD.inChina63.OntheWinterSolstice________istheshortestinayear.A.thenightB.thenoonC.themorningD.thedaytime
ThecoastoftheStateofMaineisoneofthemostirregularintheworlD.A.straightlinerunningfromthesouthernmostcoastalcitytothenorthernmostcoastalcitywouldmeasureabout225miles.Ifyoufollowedthecoastlinebetweenthesepointsyouwouldtravelmorethantentimesasfar.ThisirregularityistheresultofwhatiscalledadrownedcoastlinE.Thetermcomesfromtheglacial冰川的activityoftheIceAgE.AtthattimethewholeareathatisnowMainewaspartofamountainrangethattoweredabovetheseA.AstheglacierdescendedhoweveritappliedenormousforceonthosemountainsandtheysankintotheseA.AsthemountainssankoceanwaterchargedoverthelowestpartsoftheremaininglanD.Andthehighestpartsoftheformermountainrangenearesttheshoreremainedasislands.Marinefossilsfoundhereare225feetabovesealevelindicatingtheleveloftheshorelinepriortotheglacier.The2500-mile-longrockyandjaggedcoastlineofMainekeepswatchovernearly2000islands.Manyoftheseislandsaretinyanduninhabitedbutmanyarehometobloomingcommunities.Mt.DesertIslandisoneofthelargestmostbeautifuloftheMainecoastislandsleftbehindbytheglacier.Measuring16milesby12milesMt.Desertwasverynearlyformedastwodistinctislands.ItissplitalmostinhalfbySomesSoundaverydeepandverynarrowstretchofwatersevenmileslong.ForyearsMt.DesertIslandparticularlyitsmajorsettlementBarHarborhasaffordedsummerhomesforthewealthy.RecentlythoughBarHarborhasbecomeanewartscommunityaswell.ButthebestpartoftheislandistheunspoiledforestlandknownasAcadiaNationalPark.Sincetheislandsitsontheborderbetweentwodifferentgeographicalzonestheparksupportstheplantsandanimalsofbothzones.Italsoliesinamajorbirdmigrationlaneandisarestingspotformanybirds.TheestablishmentofAcadiaNationalparkin1916meansthatthisnaturalmonumentwillbepreservedandthatitwillbeavailabletoallpeoplenotjustthewealthy.VisitorstoAcadiamayreceivenatureinstructionfromtheparknaturalistsaswellasenjoycampinghikingcyclingandboating.OrtheymaychoosetospendtimeatthemuseumlearningabouttheStoneAgeinhabitantsoftheislanD.72.ThelargenumberofsmallislandsalongthecoastofMaineistheresultof__________.A.thedrowningoftheMainecoastlineB.glacier’sforcingmountainsintotheseaC.theirregularityoftheMainecoastlineD.oceanwater’sfloodingthemountainrange73.Fromthepassagewelearnthat__________.A.thecoastlineofMaineistentimeslongeraftertheIceAgeB.therearemorethan2500islandsalongtheMainecoastlineC.Mt.DesertIslandhasbeenbrokenapartbya7-mile-longwaterstretchD.anartscommunitygavewaytothesummerhomesonMt.DesertIsland74.WhatCANNOTbeinferredabouttheAcadiaNationPark?A.Itwelcomesallthepeoplerichorpoor.B.Ithasmuchappealforbird-watchinglovers.C.Itoffersvisitorsbothentertainmentandeducation.D.Itisaborderbetweenthetwogeographicalzones.75.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ThepastandthepresentofMaineB.TheformationofMainecoastlineC.EffortsforpreservingnationalparksD.TouristattractionsonMt.DesertIsland
TalkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytalE.Butrecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherandwithotherlivingthingsinasurprisingnumberofways.TounderstandthemscientistssaywejusthavetolearntheirlanguagE.Farmersareespeciallyinterestedinwhatplantshavetosay.Plantsareabletocommunicatewithallsortsoforganisms有机体.Theycancommunicatewithgiantbacteriawithotherplantsandwithinsects.TheydothischemicallysaidCahillanEcologyProfessoroftheUniversityofAlbertainCanadA.Plantscientistsarejustbeginningtounderstandthischemicallanguage.Cahillsaysstudieshaveshownforexamplethatplantscanevaluateconditionsintheirimmediateenvironmentandtakeappropriateactions.Plantshaveanabilityforexampletosignalpainordiscomfortcausedbyanythingfromtemperatureextremestoaninsectattack.JackSchultzaprofessorofchemicalecologyattheUniversityofMissourisayswhenaplantsensesthatit’sbeingeatenitcannotwalkawayfromtrouble;onthecontraryitwillreleaseachemicalvaporthatalertsotherplantsnearby.TheirlanguageisachemicallanguageanditinvolveschemicalsthatmovethroughtheairthatareeasytobechangeableandmostofallaresmellsthatwearefamiliarwithSchultzexplaineD.AllplantsrespondedtotheattackbychangingtheirchemistrytodefendthemselvesSchultzrecalleD.Butwewerequitesurprisedtofindthatnearbyplantsalsochangedtheirchemistrytodefendthemselveseventhoughtheywerenotpartoftheexperiment.Studieshavealsoshownthatplantsunderattackreleasepleasantchemicals.Thosechemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant.Intheendplants’abilitytocommunicatetheirneeds---andourabilitytounderstandthem---couldhelpfarmersreducetheuseofpoisonouschemicalscutoperatingcostsandlimitdamagetotheenvironment.55.Therecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscan_________.A.communicatewithotherlivingthingsinachemicalwayB.hardlyreacttoanysuddenchangeintemperatureC.useaveryspecialchemicallanguagewhichisfamiliartousD.respondtotheattackbygivingoffpoisonouschemicals56.Whenbeingeatenbyaninsecttheplantwill_________.A.walkawayfromtroubleB.changeitschemistrytokilltheinsectC.releaseachemicalvaportoaskotherplantsforhelpD.giveoffnicechemicalstoattractfriendlyinsectskillingthepest57.Theunderlinedwordalertmostprobablymeans_________.A.warnB.protectC.threatenD.allow58.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CommunicationbetweenPlantsB.A.ChemicalLanguageC.PlantsCanTalkD.HowPlantsProtectThemselves
You'veheardofthefatsuitandthepregnancysuitnowmeetAGNES—theoldpersonsuit.AGNESstandsforAgeGainNowEmpathy换位体验SystemandwasdesignedbyresearchersatMIT'sAgeLabtoletyouknowwhatitfeelslike—physically—tobe75yearsold.ThebusinessofoldagedemandsnewtoolssaidJosephCoughlindirectoroftheAgeLab.Whilefocusgroupsandobservationsandsurveyscanhelpyouunderstandwhattheolderconsumerneedsandwantsyoungmarketersnevergetthat‘Ahha!’momentofhavingdifficultyopeningajarorgettinginandoutofacar.That’swhatAGNESprovides.Coughlinandhisteamcarefullyadjustedthesuittomakethewearerjustasuncomfortableasanoldpersonwhohasspentalifetimeeatingpoorlyandnotdoingmuchexercise.Specialshoesprovideafeelingofimbalancewhilebracesonthekneesandelbowslimitjointmobility.Glovesgivethefeelingofdecreasedstrengthandmobilityinthehandsandwristsandearplugsmakeitdifficulttohearhigh—pitchedsoundsandsofttones.Ahelmetwithstraps带attachedtoitpressesthespine脊柱andmorestrapsattachedtotheshoesdecreasehamstringflexibilityandshortensthewearer'sstep.AGNEShasbeenusedmostrecentlybyagroupofstudentsworkingonadesignofanupdatedwalker.Bywearingthesuittheycouldseeforthemselveswhatdesignandmaterialswouldmakethemostsenseforaphysicallylimitedolderperson.Coughlinsaidthesuithasalsobeenusedbyclothingcompaniescarcompaniesandretailgoodscompaniestohelpthemunderstandthelimitationsofanolderconsumer.AGNESisnotthedestinyofeverybodyhesaid.Sheisabadlybehavedladywhodidn'teatandexerciseverywell.Asecondarybenefitwe’vefoundwithAGNESisthatithasbecomeapowerfultooltogetyoungerpeopletoinvestintheirlong-termhealth.71.AGNEShasbeendevelopedto______.A.maketheusersmorecomfortableB.1etusunderstandoldpeoplebetterC.helpoldpeoplemovemorequicklyD.producenewtoolsfortheold-agebusiness72.Accordingtothearticleyoungmarketersnever.A.feelthesamewayasoldpeopledoB.seetheeffortsoldpeoplemakeC.askwhatoldpeopleneedandwantD.sayAhha!whentheymeetwithdifficulty73.The3rdparagraphmainlytellsabout.A.howtheAGNESwearerfeelsB.howAGNEShasbeendevelopedC.howoldpeopleactD.howAGNESworks74.Anupdatedwalkerunderlinedmostlikelyrefersto.A.someonewhotravelsalotB.aphysicallylimitedoldpersonC.someequipmentthathelpsoldpeoplewalkD.acompanywhoseserviceinvolvesoldpeople75.WhichmaybeafactresultingfromthesecondarybenefitofAGNES?A.Youngpeoplerespectoldpeople.B.Old-agebusinessimprovestheirservice·C.Oldpeopleeatandexercisewell.D.Youngpeopleeatandexercisewell.
Thecommoncoldistheworld’smostwidespreadillnesswhichisplagues疫病thatfleshreceives.Themostwidespreadfallacy谬误ofallisthatcoldsarecausedbycolD.Theyarenot.Theyarecausedbyvirusespassingonfrompersontoperson.YoucatchacoldbycomingintocontactdirectlyorindirectlywithsomeonewhoalreadyhasonE.IfcoldcausescoldsitwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfromthemforever.Buttheydonot.Andinisolatedarcticregionsexplorershavereportedbeingfreefromcoldsuntilcomingintocontactagainwithinfectedpeoplefromtheoutsideworldbywayofpackagesandmaildroppedfromairplanes.DuringtheFirstWorldWarsoldierswhospentlongperiodsinthetrenches战壕coldandwetshowednoincreasedtendencytocatchcolds.IntheSecondWorldWarprisonersatthenotoriousAuschwitzconcentrationcamp奥斯维辛集中营nakedandstarvingwereastonishedtofindthattheyseldomhadcolds.AttheCommonColdResearchUnitinEnglandvolunteerstookpartinExperimentsinwhichtheygavethemselvestothediscomfortsofbeingcoldandwetforlongstretchesoftimE.Aftertakinghotbathstheyputonbathingsuitsallowedthemselvestobewithcoldwaterandthenstoodaboutdrippingwetindraftyroom.Someworewetsocksalldaywhileothersexercisedintherainuntilclosetoexhaustion.NotoneofthevolunteerscamedownwithacoldunlessacoldviruswasactuallydroppedinhisnosE.IfthencoldandwethavenothingtodowithcatchingcoldswhyaretheymorefrequentinthewinterDespitethemostpains-takingresearchnoonehasyetfoundtheanswer.Oneexplanationofferedbyscientistsisthatpeopletendtostaytogetherindoorsmoreincoldweatherthanatothertimesandthismakesiteasierforcoldvirusestobepassedon.Noonehasyetfoundacureforthecold.Therearedrugsandpainsuppressors止痛片suchasaspirinbutalltheydoisrelievethesymptoms.1.Thewriteroffered_______examplestosupporthisargument.A.4B.5C.6D.32.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotagreewiththechosenpassage?A.TheEskimosdonotsufferfromcoldsallthetimE.B.ColdsarenotcausedbycolD.C.Peoplesufferfromcoldsjustbecausetheyliketostayindoors.D.A.personmaycatchacoldbytouchingsomeonewhoalreadyhasonE.3.Arcticexplorersmaycatchcoldswhen_______.A.theyareworkingintheisolatedarcticregionsB.theyarewritingreportsinterriblycoldweatherC.theyarefreefromworkintheisolatedarcticregionsD.theyarecomingintotouchagainwiththeoutsideworld4.VolunteerstakingpartintheexperimentsintheCommonColdResearchUnit_______.A.sufferedalotB.nevercaughtcoldsC.oftencaughtcoldsD.becameverystrong5.Thepassagemainlydiscusses_______.A.theexperimentsonthecommoncoldB.thefallacyaboutthecommoncoldC.thereasonandthewaypeoplecatchcoldsD.thecontinuedspreadofcommoncolds
LongerLivesforWildElephantsMostpeoplethinkofzoosassafeplacesforanimalswherestrugglessuchasdifficultyfindingfoodandavoidingpredatorsdon'texist.Withoutsuchproblemsanimalsinzoosshouldlivetoaripeoldage.ButthatmaynotbetrueforthelargestlandanimalsonEarth.Scientistshaveknownthatelephantsinzoosoftensufferfrompoorhealth.Theydevelopdiseasesjointproblemsandbehaviorchanges.Sometimestheyevenbecomeunabletohavebabies.Tolearnmoreabouthowcaptivity监禁affectselephantsateamofinternationalscientistscomparedthelifespansoffemaleelephantsborninzooswithfemaleelephantslivingoutdoorsintheirnativelands.Zooskeepdetailedrecordsofalltheanimalsintheircaredocumentingfactorssuchasbirthdatesillnessesweightanddeath.Theserecordsmadeitpossiblefortheresearcherstoanalyze40yearsofdataon800AfricanandAsianelephantsinzoosacrossEurope.Thescientistscomparedthelifespansofthezoo-bornelephantswiththelifespansofthousandsoffemalewildelephantsinAfricaandAsianelephantsthatworkinloggingcamps伐木场overapproximatelythesametimeperiod.TheteamfoundthatfemaleAfricanelephantsborninzooslivedanaverageof16.9years.Theirwildcounterpartswhodiedofnaturalcauseslivedanaverageof56years——morethanthreetimesaslong.FemaleAsianelephantsfollowedasimilarpattern.Inzoostheylived18.9yearswhilethoseintheloggingcampslived41.7years.Scientistsdon'tyetknowwhywildelephantsseemtolivesomuchbetterthantheirzoo-raisedcounterparts.GeorgiaMasonabiologistattheUniversityofGuelphinCanadawholedthestudythinksstressandobesity肥胖maybetoblame.Zooelephantsdon'tgetthesamekindofexercisetheywouldinthewildandmostareveryfat.Elephantsociallivesarealsomuchdifferentinzoosthaninthewildwheretheyliveinlargeherdsandfamilygroups.AnotherfindingfromthestudyshowedthatAsianelephantsborninzoosweremorelikelytodieearlythanAsianelephantscapturedinthewildandbroughttozoos.Masonsuggestsstressinthemothersinzoosmightcausethemtohavebabiesthatarelesslikelytosurvive.Thestudyraisessomequestionsaboutacquiringmoreelephantstokeepinzoos.Whilesomethreatenedandendangeredspecieslivinginzoosreproducesuccessfullyandmaintainhealthypopulationsthatdoesn'tappeartobethecasewithelephants.72.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphsunlikeotherzooanimalszooelephants_______.A.havedifficultyeatingfood.B.1ivetoaripeoldage.C.arenotafraidofpredators.D.develophealthproblems.73.Whichofthefollowingabouttheinternationalscientists'researchonthelifespansofelephantsisNOTtrue?Seeparagraph3?A.Theycomparedzooelephantswithwildelephants.B.Theykeptdetailedrecordsofalltheelephantsintheircare.C.Theyanalyzedtherecordsoftheelephantskeptinzoos.D.Thezoo-bornelephantstheystudiedarekeptinEuropeanzoos.74.Whatdothescientistsfindintheirresearch?A.Femaleelephantslivelongerthanmaleelephants.B.Femalezooelephantslivelongerthantheirwildcounterparts.C.Femalezooelephantsdiemuchearlierthantheirwildcounterparts.D.Elephantsinzoosandthoseinthewildenjoythesamelonglifespans.75.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Itmaynotbeawisepolicytokeepelephantsinthezoo.B.Elephantsarenolongeranendangeredspecies.C.Zoo-bornelephantsshouldbelookedaftermorecarefully.D.Zoosshouldkeepmoreanimalsexceptelephants.
Scientificexperimentscansometimesgowrongandwhentheydotheresultsmayrangefromthedisastroustothetroubling.OnesuchexperimenttookplaceinSouthAmericaaboutfiftyyearsago.Whetheritsfinalconsequenceswillcauseseriousdamageornothingmorethanasmalltroublestillremainstobeseen.Thestorybeganin1956whenanAmericanscientistworkinginBrazildecidedtosolvetheproblemofincreasingtheproductivityofthatcountry’sbees.HeimportedaveryactivetypeofAfricanbeefromTanzaniaandmated交配itwiththemoreeasygoingnativevarietytoproduceanewkindofbees.Thenewbeesworkedharderandproducedtwiceasmuchhoney.ItseemedthatProfessorKerrforthatwasthescientist’snamehadatotalsuccessonhishands.Thenthingsbegantogowrong.Forsomereasonasyetunseenbutperhapsasaresultofsomethingintheirenvironmentthenewbeesbegantodevelopextremelyattackingpersonalities.Theybecamebad-temperedandeasytobeangryattackedthenativebeesanddrovethemfromtheirlivingplaces.Butworsewastofollow.Havingtakenoverthecountrysidethenewbees.Withtheirdangerousstings叮begantoattackitsneighbors—catsdogshorseschickensandfinallymanhimself.A.longperiodofterrorbeganthathassofarkilledagreatnumberofanimalsandabout150humanbeings.ThiswouldhavebeenenoughifthebeeshadstayedinBrazil.ButnowtheyareonthemoveheadingnorthwardsincountlessmillionstowardsCentralandNotthAmericaandmovingatthealarmingspeedof200milesayear.Thecountriesthatlieintheirpatharenaturallyworriedbecauseitlooksasifnothingcanbedonetostopthem.56.TheresultsoftheSouthAmericanexperiment____________A.havecausedaserioustroubleB.haveprovedtobewrongC.arenotyetcertainD.arenotimportant57.Theexperimentmentionedinthispassagewasdesignedto_________A.increasetheamountofhoneyinBrazilB.makeBrazilianbeesmoreeasy-goingC.increasethenumberofbeesinBrazilD.makeAfricanbeeslessactive58.Whichofthefollowingmaybethecauseofthenewbees’attackingpersonalities?A.TheirproductionofhoneyB.TheirhardworkC.TheirlivingenvironmentD.Theirbadtemper59.Thelastparagraphimpliesthat_____A.thebeeshavebeendriventoCentralandNorthAmericaB.thebeesmaybringabouttroubleinmorecountriesC.thebeesmustbestoppedfrommovingnorthD.thebeesprefertoliveinBrazil.
ThereisnobelievableevidencefortheexistenceofBigfootortoputitanotherwaythere’sreallyquitealotofevidencebutunfortunatelyit’sverypoorquality.That’saproblemforBigfoot-believersbecauseifthecreaturereallydoesexistthenitmustexistinfairlybignumbers.Otherwiseitwouldlongagohavegoneextinct灭绝.NotasingledeadbodyhasbeenfoundsaidJoeNickell.Whilewecan’tproveBigfootdoesn’texist.It’sfairtopointoutthatwecan’tprovethatthefairydoesn’texist.Wecan’tprovethattherearenoleprechauns妖精.TheBigfootmythisfueledbyhumanhopesandfears.Inthatmanneritissimilartoothermyths.Wearehopefulthatwearenotaloneintheuniversesowebelieveinextraterrestrials外人JoeNickellsaiD.Wearefearfuloftheunknownsoweimaginemonsters妖怪.CraigWoolheateroftheTexasBigfootResearchCentreagreedthatthereareawholelotofquestionsandnotmanyanswers.Whatwe’retryingtodoisgetsomeanswersandgatherhardevidencE.Ithinkwe’redealingwithananimalthatisfairlyrareWoolheateraddeD.Soyou’retalkingaboutsomethingthatisprobablyahundredtimesmorerarethanablackbearandcertainlyalotmorerarethanamountainlionandthoseanimalsaren’tseenallthatoften.MeanwhiletheInstituteofTexanCulturesistakingademocratic民主的approach.ThefinalportionoftheexhibitiongivesvisitorsachancetovoteonwhetherornottheybelievetheevidenceisbelievablE.Onthefirstdayyesoutweighedno178to53.64.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.TodiscusswhetherBigfootexists.B.TotellreaderswhereBigfootlives.C.Togivereadersadefiniteanswer.D.Toimprovereaders’interestaboutBigfoot.65.AccordingtoJoeNickell________.A.Bigfoot’sdeadbodiesarefamiliarwithpeopleB.Bigfootistheresultofpeople’shopesandfearsC.leprechaunsdon’texistD.peoplearepolitetoBigfoot66.AccordingtothepassageWoolheater________.A.thinkstherearenoquestionsaboutBigfootB.getshisanswersfromexhibitionsC.believesthevotingisademocraticwayD.seemstothinkBigfootexists67.Fromthelastparagraphwelearnthat________.A.theInstituteofTexanCulturesthinksBigfootexistsB.mostpeopletrusttheInstituteofTexanCulturesC.mostpeoplethinkBigfootexistsaccordingtothevoteD.theInstituteofTexanCulturesisademocraticorganization
FouroutoffiveparentsworrythattheirchildrenwillbecomeaddictedtoFacebookaccordingtoastudy.EightypercentbelievesocialnetworkingsitessuchasFacebookandTwitterhavetheabilitytotakeovertheirchildren’slives.OneinthreeparentsmeanwhilebelievetheInternethasthepowertorewirebrains改装大脑withoutaperson’sknowledgeandthinktheirchildrenareindangeroftheweB.Theextraordinaryfindingscomefromapollof1000parentscarriedoutbytheNominetTrustanorganizationthatpromotedInternetprojectswhichaddresssocialdisadvantages.HoweverNominetsaidtheirfindingsflyinthefaceofneurological神经学上的evidencE.TheTrustworkedwithneuroscienceandeducationexpertDr.PaulHowardJoneswhoanalysedresearchesontheInternetandsociety.Thereport—TheImpactofDigitalTechnologiesonHumanWell-being—concludedthatthereisnoneurologicalevidencetosuggestthattheInternetismoreeffectiveatrewiringourbrainsthanotherenvironmentalinfluences.ItalsofoundthattheInternetisavaluablelearningresourceandallformsoflearningcausechangeswithinthebrain.TherehavebeenreportsthattheuseoftheInternetwithitsvastresourcesofinformationischangingthewaypeoplethinkandaffectingtheirabilitytoconcentratE.ButNominetsaidthat’sscaremongering危言耸听andthemisinformationabouttheInternetusecanpotentiallydeny否定itsbenefitstopeopleinparticularparentswhoareworriedabouttheeffectsontheirchildren’sdevelopment.Thereportalsofoundthatsocialnetworkingsitesinthemselvesarenotaspecialsourceofrisktochildrenandaregenerallybeneficialastheysupportexistingfriendships.Inadditionplayingactionvideogamescanimprovesomevisualprocessingandmotorresponseskillswhilecomputer-basedactivityprovidesmentalstimulationandcanhelpslowratesofcognitivedeclinE.61.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.FourinfiveparentsfeartheirchildrenwillbecomeFacebookaddicts.B.SocialnetworkingsitesmakepeoplemoresociablE.C.MoreandmorechildrenwillbecomeaddictedtoFacebook.D.TheInternethasthepowertorewiringbrains.62.WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseflyinthefaceofinParagraphfourprobablymean?A.Goagainst.B.Havealotincommonwith.C.Besimilarto.D.Havesomethingtodowith.63.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.A.socialnetworkingsitessuchasFacebookandTwitterwillrewirechildren’sbrainsB.Dr.PaulHowardJonesisamemberoftheNominetTrustC.Dr.PaulHowardJonesthinkstheInternetisusefulandbeneficialD.thestudysurveyedapollof1000children64.AccordingtothepassagethestudycarriedbytheNominetTrustshowedthat_______.A.oneinthreeparentsbelievesFacebookhastheabilitytotakeovertheirchildren’slivesB.theInternetismoreeffectiveatrewiringourbrainsthanotherenvironmentalinfluencesC.fouroutoffiveparentsthinktheirchildrenareindangerofthewebD.eightypercentofparentsworrythattheirchildrenwillbecomeaddictedtoFacebook65.Thelastparagraphmainlytellspeople_______.A.playingactionvideogamescanimprovesomevisualprocessingandmotorresponseskillsB.theInternetinitselfisnotadangertochildrenbutgenerallybeneficialC.socialnetworkingsitesinthemselvessupportexistingfriendshipsD.computer-basedactivityprovidesmentalstimulationandcanhelpslowratesofcognitivedecline
Whatdoyouknowaboutthesea?Weknowthatitlooksveryprettywhenthesunisshiningonit.WealsoknowthatitcanbeveryroughwhenthereisastrongwinD.Whatotherthingsdoweknowaboutit?Thefirstthingtorememberisthattheseaisverybig.WhenyoulookatthemapoftheworldyouwillfindthereismorewaterthanlanD.TheseacoversthreequartersoftheworlD.Theseaisalsoverydeepinsomeplaces.ItisnotdeepeverywherE.Somepartsoftheseaareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesthedepthoftheseaisverygreat.ThereisonespotnearJapanwheretheseaisnearly11kilometersdeep!Thehighestmountainintheworldisabout9kilometershigh.Ifthatmountainwereputintotheseaatthatplacetherewouldbe2kilometersofwateraboveit!Whatadeepplace!Ifyouhaveswumintheseayouknowthatitissalty.Youcantastethesalt.RiverswhichflowintotheseacarrysaltfromthelandintotheseA.Somepartsoftheseaaresaltierthanotherparts.ThereisoneseacalledtheDeadSeawhichisverysalty.Itissosaltythatswimmerscannotsink!FishcannotliveintheDeadSea!Inmostpartsoftheseathereareplentyoffishandplants.SomelivenearthetopoftheseA.Otherslivedeepdown.TherearealsomillionsoftinylivingthingsthatfloatintheseA.Thesefloatingthingsaresosmallthatitishardtoseethem.Manyfishlivebyeatingthesefloatingthings.TheseacanbeverycolD.Diverswhogodeepdownintheseaknowthis.Onthetopthewatermaybewarm.Whenthedivergoesdownwardstheseabecomescolderandcolder.Anotherthinghappens.Whenthedivergoesdeeperthewaterabovepressesdownonhim.Itsqueezeshim.Thenthediverhastowearclothesmadeofmetal.Buthecannotgoverydeep.Somepeoplewhowantedtogoverydeepusedaverystrongdivingship!Theywentdowntothedeepestpartoftheseainit.Theywentdowntoadepthofelevenkilometers!66.Whendoesthesealookbeautiful?A.Whenitiscalm.B.WhentheweatherisfinE.C.WhenthereisastrongwinD.D.Whenthereisastorm.67.Howmuchoftheearth’ssurfacedoeslandcover?A.15%B.25%C.30%D.45%68.WhydoestheauthormentiontheseasomewherenearJapan?A.Toshowthattheseainsomeplacesisverydeep.B.Toshowthattheseainsomeplacesisveryshallow.C.Toshowthatitsdepthis9kilometersgreaterthantheheightofthehighestmountain.D.Toshowthatitsdepthis11kilometersgreaterthantheheightofthehighestmountain.69.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheDeadSeaisNOTtrue?A.Thereareplentyoffishinit.B.Itisasafeplaceforswimmers.C.Itisextremelysalty.D.Nofishcanbefoundinit.70.Whycan’tpeoplegoverydeepinthesea?A.BecausethedeepestpartoftheseaisverycolD.B.Becausethedeepestpartoftheseaisveryrough.C.BecausethepressureofthewateratgreatdepthsisunendurablE.D.BecausefiercefishusuallylivetherE.
Everwonderhowmuchacloudweighs?Whataboutahurricane?A.meteorologisthasdonesomeestimatesandtheresultsmightsurpriseyou.Let'sstartwithaverysimplewhitepuffycloud—acumuluscloud积云.Howmuchdoesthewaterinacumuluscloudweigh?PeggyLeMoneseniorscientistattheNationalCenterforAtmosphericResearchinBoulderColoradodidthenumbers.Thewaterinthelittlecloudweighsabout550tonsshecalculates.Orifyouwanttoconvertittosomethingthatmightbealittlemoremeaningfulthinkofelephants.Thethoughtofahundredelephants-worthofwatersuspendedintheskybegsanotherquestion—whatkeepsitupthere?Firstofallthewaterisn'tinelephantsizedparticles微粒it'sintinytinytinyparticlesexplainsLeMonE.Andthoseparticlesfloatonthewarmerairthat'srisingbelow.ButstilltheconceptofsomuchwaterfloatingintheskywassurprisingeventoameteorologistlikeLeMonE.IhadnoideahowmuchacloudwouldweighactuallywhenIstartedthecalculationsshesays.Sohowmanyelephantunitsofwaterareinsideabigstormcloud—10timesbiggerallthewayaroundthanthepuffycumuluscloud?AgainLeMonedidthenumbers:About200000elephants.NowratchetupthecalculationsforahurricaneaboutthesizeofMissouriandthefiguresgetreallymassivE.Whatwe'redoingisweighingthewaterinonecubicmetertheoreticallypulledfromacloudandthenmultiplyingbythenumberofmetersinawholehurricanesheexplains.Theresult?Fortymillionelephants.Thatmeansthewaterinonehurricaneweighsmorethanalltheelephantsontheplanet.Perhapsevenmorethanalltheelephantsthathaveeverlivedontheplanet.67.TheweightofisNOTmentionedinthepassagE.A.acumuluscloudB.atornadoC.ahurricaneD.astormcloud68.HowdidPeggyLeMonefeelabouttheresultofhercalculations?A.Shefounditnotconvincing.B.Shethoughtitneededfurthercalculations.C.Shewasquitesurprisedatit.D.SheconsideredthecalculationsinaccuratE.69.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Astormcloudweighsabout200000elephants.B.ThewaterinahurricaneweighsmorethanthatinanyotherkindofclouD.C.Therearelessthanfortymillionelephantslivingontheearth.D.Thewaterinthecloudisinverytinypartials.70.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowMuchaCloudWeighsB.HowMuchaHurricaneWeighsC.SurprisingResultsD.ElephantsintheSky
HaveyouevernoticedwhenyoursweatdriesitwillleavemarksonyourT-shirt?Themarksaretinybitsofsalt.Ifyougototheseasideyouwillknowthatseawaterdoesthesametoyourclothesbecauseitalsohasalotofsaltinit.Waterevaporatesfromthesurfaceoftheseabutthesaltremains.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutwhethertheseaswillkeepgettingsaltier?Theanswerisno.Theoceanshavestayedatabout3.5percentsaltcontentforhundredsofmillionsofyears.Itkeepsaconstantlevelofsaltindifferentways.PickupaseashellandweighitinyourhanD.Itisheavy.Allanimalsneedsodiumtoliveandmostneedcalciumtobuildboneanshells.Theseashelllikeallseaanimalsgetsitssodiumandcalciumfromseawater.WhenanimalsdietheirsaltislockedupinbinsandshellswhichdroptothebottomoftheseA.Seawaterandrocksreactwitheachothernotjustinoneway.Seasaltnotonlyreactswithrocksbutalsoreactswiththerocksoftheoceancrust壳andvolcaniclavA.ThereactionstakesomeofthesaltinseawaterawayfromtheseA.TheouterhardcrustoftheearthismadeupofaboutadozenhardplatesthatdriftonveryhotsoftrocklikefloatingislandsonaseA.Theheatwithintheearthisnotthesameeverywhereandtheplatesmovebecauseoftheheat.WhenanoceanplateknocksintoalandplatethethinnerlandplatefloatsovertheoceanonE.TheoceanfloorgetspushedunderanditssaltyrocksshellsandbonesarelostdeepwithinEarth.Sothat’swhytheseasaresaltybutdon’tgetanysaltier.57.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordevaporatesinParagraph3mean?A.turnsintosteamB.turnsintoasolidC.turnsintofreshwaterD.turnsintoice58.Fromthepassagewecanknowtheseashells________.A.getsomemineralsfromseawaterB.takesomesaltfromseawhenseawaterreactswithrocksC.reactwithrocksoftheoceancrustwhenplatesmoveD.absorbsaltwhentheplatesmove59.Howmanyreasonsdoesthewritermentionwhytheoceansstayatabout3.5％saltcontent?A.2B.3C.4D.560.What’sthepurposeoftheauthortowritethetext?A.WarningB.InformingC.EntertainingD.Describing
Anewstudysaysonepartofthehumanbrainmaybecomesmallerastheresultofaconditionknownasjetlag.JetlagresultsfromflyinglongdistancesinanairplanE.Peoplewithjetlagfeelextremelytiredforseveraldays.Theymayalsohaveproblemsinthinkingclearlyandremembering.RecentlyaresearcherattheUniversityofBristolinBritainreportedthefindingsofhisjetlagstudywhichinvolvedtwentywomenwhoworkedforinternationalairlines.Theyhadservedpassengersonairplanesforfiveyears.Theseflightattendantsflewacrossmanycountriesandatleastseventimezones.Inthestudytheflightattendantshaddifferentamountsoftimetorecoverfromjetlag.Halfthewomenspentfivedaysorfewerintheirhomeareasbetweenlongflights.Theotherhalfspentmorethanfourteendaysintheirhomeareas.Theresearchertooksomesalivafromthewomen’smouthstomeasurelevelsofahormone荷尔蒙thatincreasesduringstress.Hetestedthemtoseeiftheycouldrememberwhereblackspotsappearedonacomputerscreen.Andhetookpicturesoftheirbrainstomeasurethesizeofthebrain’stemporallobes.脑叶.Itwasfoundthatthewomenwhohadlesstimebetweenflightshadsmallerrighttemporallobes.Thisareaofthebraindealswithrecognizingandrememberingwhatisseen.Thesamegroupperformedworseandhadslowerreactiontimesonthevisualmemorytest.Andtheirsalivasamplesshowedhigherlevelsofstresshormones.Theresearcherbelievesthebrainneedsatleasttendaystorecoverafteralongtrip.Hesaysairlineworkerstoldhimtheirabilitytoremembergotworseafterworkingonplanesforaboutfouryears.Otherstudieshaveshownthatincreasedfeelingsofstresscancausealossofcellsinthepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmemory.Scientistssaymoretestsareneededtostudytheeffectsofjetlagonthebrain.Theywanttofindoutiftoomuchjetlagcouldpermanentlyaffectmemory.57.Accordingtothetextjetlag_____.A.cancausedifficultiesinspeakingB.canmakepeoplefeeltiredforafewweeksC.canbeonlyfoundinflightattendantsD.canbecausedbyflyingoverseveraltimezones58.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.A.theconclusionisrefusedbymanyscientistsB.scientistsfearthatthisresearchisnotdoneproperlyC.everyscientificconclusionneedsthesupportfrommanytestsD.thewomenwhowereexaminedintheresearchwerenothealthy59.Fromtheresultoftheresearchwecanseethat_____.A.thewomenwhohavelongerrestathomeshowbettermemoryB.thewomenwhoflyinshorttimehavesmallerrighttemporallobesC.thewomenwhohavelongerflightsfailthememorytestD.thewomenwhorestmorethan14daysproducelesshormones60.Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetest?A.Thecauseofjetlag.B.A.storyofagroupofflightattendants.C.Theimportanceofhavingenoughrestafterflights.D.A.researchabouttheeffectsofjetlagonthebrain.
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