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Heart Attack In the United States, and especially in big citie...
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{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ?????????ManyWomenWho BeatCancerDon’tChangeHabits{{/B}}??Manywomenwhobattlebreast cancerwilltellyouit’salife-changingexperience.Howeveranewstudyshows thatformany{{U}}?51?{{/U}}thechangesaren’talwayspositiveor permanent.??BethSnokehaswatchedhermotherandboth grandmothersbattleandsurvivebreast{{U}}?52?{{/U}}Sowhenshewas diagnosedtherewasnodoubtinhermind{{U}}?53?{{/U}}shehadto do.??Idoexactlywhatthedoctorssayasfarasthemedicine thatI’monas{{U}}?54?{{/U}}asthevitaminsthedietandthe fitness.AndIcan’tstressenough{{U}}?55?{{/U}}importantthatis saysBethSnoke.Butasurprisingnewstudyshowsthat{{U}}?56?{{/U}} everywomanwhobeatsbreastcancerisgettingthatmessage.Infactnearly40% ofthemsayeven{{U}}?57?{{/U}}survivingbreastcancertheyhaven’t madesignificantchangesinthe{{U}}?58?{{/U}}theyeatorhowmuch theyexercise.??Notallsurvivorsaretakingadvantageofthis teachablemomentandmakingpositivehealthchangesin{{U}}?59?{{/U}} lifesaysElectraPaskettPhDatOhioStateUniversity’sComprehensive CancerCenter.Paskettsaysdietandexercisehavebeenproventonotonlyhelp womenfeelbetterduringandaftertreatmenttheymay{{U}}?60?{{/U}} playaroleinpreventingsomecancersfromcomingback.{{U}}?61 ?{{/U}}growingevidencesomewomenjustaren’tlistening.? ?Coloncancersurvivors{{U}}?62?{{/U}}exercisehaveactually beenshowntohaveimprovedsurvivalrates.Soyesitistruethatperhapsby makingsomeofthesehealthychoiceswecanactuallyincreasetheirhealth saysPaskett.??Asabreastcancersurvivor{{U}}?63 ?{{/U}}Paskettknowsfirsthandhowmuchdifferencedietandexercisecan {{U}}?64?{{/U}}Thechallengeshesaysistogetmoresurvivorstobe morelikeBethduringandaftertreatment.??Expertssay exercisingmoreandeatingahealthierdietcanalsocut{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}onstressandhelpwomenovercomedepression.Therearemorethan2 millionbreastcancersurvivorslivingintheU.S.Ofthosenearlyamillion haveyettochangetheirdietorexercise routines.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ????????NewAttemptsto EradicateAIDSVirus{{/B}}??Ahigh-profileattempttoeradicatethe AIDSvirusinafewpatientscontinuestoshowpromise.??But researcherswon’tknowforayearormorewhetheritwillworkscientistDavid HotoldjournalistshereWednesdayfortheFourthConferenceinVirusesand Infections.??Thisisastudythat’sinprogresssaysHohead oftheAaronDiamondAIDSResearchCenterNewYork.??Thestudy involves20peoplewhostartedcombinationsofanti-HIVdrugsveryearlyinthe courseofthediseasewithin90daysoftheirinfections.They’vebeentreated forupto18months.Fourothershavedroppedoutbecauseofsideeffectsor problemscomplyingwiththeexactingdrugsystem.??Thedrugs haveknockedtheAIDSvirusdowntoundetectablelevelsinthebloodofall remainingpatientssAndinthelatestdevelopment6scientistshavenow testedlymphnodesandsemenfromafewpatientsandfoundnovirusreproducing thereHosays.Bearinmindthat?undetectabledoesnotequalabsentHo says.??Hohascalculatedthatthedrugsshouldbeabletowipe outremainingviruses--atleastfromknownreservoirsthroughoutthebody-- intwotothreeyears.Buttheonlywaytoproveeradicationwouldbetostop thedrugsandseeiftheviruscomesback8.OnWednesdayHosaidhewouldn’t askanypatienttoconsiderthatstepbefore2yearsoftreatment.??Andhe emphasizedthatheisnoturgingwidespreadadoptionofsuchearlyaggressive treatmentoutsideoftrials9.Nooneknowsthelong-termrisks.? ?Butotherscientistsarelookingatsimilarexperiments.Afederally fundedstudywillput300patientsontriple-drugtreatmentsandthenseeif somerespondingwellaftersixmonthscancontinuetosuppressthevirusonjust oneortwodrugssaysresearcherDouglasRichmanoftheUniversityof CaliforniaSanDiego.Somepatientsinthatstudyalsomaybeofferedthe chancetostoptherapyafter18monthsormorehe says.WhichisNOTtrueaboutthestudy?
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}}?????????? ?????????? ?Aspirin--aNewMiracleDrug{{/B}}??1.Usingaspirinan over-the-counterpillonsaleineverysupermarketwithoutaprescriptionto treatseriouscirculatorydiseasemayseemalmostlikequackery.Buttoday doctorsrecognizethisdrugasapotentcompoundasimportantasantibiotics digitalisandothermiracledrugs.??2.Initsnaturalformas willowbarkandleavesthisremarkableremedydatesbacktoHippocrates2.In 1829thechemicalinthewillowtreethatcanrelievepainandreducefeverwas discoveredtobesalicin.By1899theBayerCompanyinGermanyhadmarketeda variantacetylsalicylicacidunderthenameofaspirin.??3. Sincethenaspirinandcompoundscontainingaspirinhavebeentakenbytensof millionsofarthritispatients.Asapainkilleraspirinisaccordingtoone studymoreeffectivethanallotheranalgesicsandnarcoticsavailablefororal use.Italsoactson4thebody’sthermostatturningdownfever.? ?4.Butsomeofitspowersremainedunsuspecteduntilrecently.In1950the lateDr.Cravenwrotetoasmallwesternmedicaljournalabout400overweight sedentarymalepatientstowhomhehadgivenoneortwoaspirintabletsaday. Nonehadhadaheartattack.Heenlargedhisgroupto8000andin1956 reported:Notasinglecaseofdetectablecoronaryorcerebralthrombosisand nomajorstrokehadoccurredinpatientswhohadtakenoneortwotablets dailyforfromonetotenyears.Buthisobservationswerelargely ignored.??5.ThenDr.Vaneprovedthataspirinturnedoffthe body’sprostaglandinshormonelikechemicalsthatcanbesecretedbyeverycell. Somepotentprostaglandinsareharmfulcompoundsthatcreatefeverpainand arthritis.Oneofthemstimulatesplateletsinthebloodtobeginformingclots insidearteries.Aspirinblocksthisdangerouseffect.??6.Vane’s findingcausedsomeresearcherstorecallCraven’s1956observationswhichnow hadapossiblescientificexplanation.Numerousstudieswerebeguntofindout whetheraspirincouldindeedinhibitheartattacksandstroke.? ?7.In1972tenUSmedicalinstitutionsbegantwodouble-blindtrialsof 303patientswhosufferedfromtransientischemicattacksTIAs.Fouraspirin tabletsadayweregivento153patientswhileplacebotabletsweregivento 150.Neitherpatientsnordoctorsknewwhichwaswhich.Aftersixmonthsthe patientsonaspirinhadexperiencedmuchfewerTIAsandfewerstrokesand deathsfromstrokesthanthecontrols.Theresultsweresoconclusivethat aspirinhasbeenusedforthispurposewidely.Paragraph3______
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ???ContinuingMedicalEducation{{/B}}??Thereis increasingrecognitionoftheneedforhealthworkerstocontinuetheir educationthroughouttheircareers.Notonlydohealthworkersthemselveswish toimprovetheirownskillsandcompetencebuttheintroductionofnew techniquesandequipmentandthechangestakingplaceinhealthneedsandhealth carepoliciesnecessitatecontinuedtraining.Thephrasehealthcareis intendedtomeannotjustcurativetreatmentforthesickbutthewholerangeof provisionforpromotinghealthandpreventingdisease.??In virtuallyeverysituationsomeresponsetothisneedhasbeenmadeso continuingeducationdoestakeplace--eventhoughitmayinmanyinstancesbe ineffectiveorinsufficient.Continuingeducationmaybeinitiatedbythehealth workersthemselvesbytheirsupervisorsbythemanagersofthehealthsystem orbyotheragenciessuchasprofessionalassociationspublishersanddrug companies.Theformofthecontinuingeducationmaybewrittenmaterials journalsbooksadvertisementsmeetingscoursessupervisoryvisitsora varietyofothermethods.??Withthisdiversityofapproachitis notsurprisingthattheeffectivenessofcontinuingeducationshouldbe variable.4Soitisnaturalthatinmanycountriesthereisconcernthatmore continuingeducationshouldbeprovidedandthatitshouldbemore effective.??Theapproachsuggestedthattoachievethisaimis todevelopasystemofcontinuingeducation.Thistermneedssomeexplanation asitiscapableofbeinginterpretedinmanyways.Asystemisnotthesame thingasanorganizationthatprovidescontinuingeducation.Itismuchmore thanthat.Itisthesumoftheeducationalactivitiestheorganizational structurethatsupportsandmanagesthoseactivitiesthemanagementandthe externalagenciesinvolvedintheprovisionofhealthcare.sThesystemshould compriseanationwidecoordinatedprograminwhichtechnologyandresourcesare optimallyused.Asystemofcontinuingeducationfunctionsinthesamewaywasanorganizationthatprovidescontinuingeducation.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}}?????????? ?????????? ?Aspirin--aNewMiracleDrug{{/B}}??1.Usingaspirinan over-the-counterpillonsaleineverysupermarketwithoutaprescriptionto treatseriouscirculatorydiseasemayseemalmostlikequackery.Buttoday doctorsrecognizethisdrugasapotentcompoundasimportantasantibiotics digitalisandothermiracledrugs.??2.Initsnaturalformas willowbarkandleavesthisremarkableremedydatesbacktoHippocrates2.In 1829thechemicalinthewillowtreethatcanrelievepainandreducefeverwas discoveredtobesalicin.By1899theBayerCompanyinGermanyhadmarketeda variantacetylsalicylicacidunderthenameofaspirin.??3. Sincethenaspirinandcompoundscontainingaspirinhavebeentakenbytensof millionsofarthritispatients.Asapainkilleraspirinisaccordingtoone studymoreeffectivethanallotheranalgesicsandnarcoticsavailablefororal use.Italsoactson4thebody’sthermostatturningdownfever.? ?4.Butsomeofitspowersremainedunsuspecteduntilrecently.In1950the lateDr.Cravenwrotetoasmallwesternmedicaljournalabout400overweight sedentarymalepatientstowhomhehadgivenoneortwoaspirintabletsaday. Nonehadhadaheartattack.Heenlargedhisgroupto8000andin1956 reported:Notasinglecaseofdetectablecoronaryorcerebralthrombosisand nomajorstrokehadoccurredinpatientswhohadtakenoneortwotablets dailyforfromonetotenyears.Buthisobservationswerelargely ignored.??5.ThenDr.Vaneprovedthataspirinturnedoffthe body’sprostaglandinshormonelikechemicalsthatcanbesecretedbyeverycell. Somepotentprostaglandinsareharmfulcompoundsthatcreatefeverpainand arthritis.Oneofthemstimulatesplateletsinthebloodtobeginformingclots insidearteries.Aspirinblocksthisdangerouseffect.??6.Vane’s findingcausedsomeresearcherstorecallCraven’s1956observationswhichnow hadapossiblescientificexplanation.Numerousstudieswerebeguntofindout whetheraspirincouldindeedinhibitheartattacksandstroke.? ?7.In1972tenUSmedicalinstitutionsbegantwodouble-blindtrialsof 303patientswhosufferedfromtransientischemicattacksTIAs.Fouraspirin tabletsadayweregivento153patientswhileplacebotabletsweregivento 150.Neitherpatientsnordoctorsknewwhichwaswhich.Aftersixmonthsthe patientsonaspirinhadexperiencedmuchfewerTIAsandfewerstrokesand deathsfromstrokesthanthecontrols.Theresultsweresoconclusivethat aspirinhasbeenusedforthispurposewidely.Paragraph7______
IllinoishasproducedwriterssuchasCarlSandburg{{U}}gangsters{{/U}}suchasA1CaponeandarchitectssuchasLouisSullivan.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}?????????? ??????U.S.EuropeanDrugOfficialsApprove InhaledInsulin{{/B}}??Aformofinsulinforpeoplewithdiabetes totakebymouthisexpectedtobesoldwithinafewmonths.Thenewmedicineis calledExubera.TheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration:andtheEuropean Commissionbothrecentlyapproveditforadults.Itcouldmakelifeeasierfor manydiabeticswhorequiredailyinjectionsofinsulintocontroltheirblood sugarlevels.Butitwillnotreplaceallinsulininjections.Anditisnotfor everyone.Peoplewhosmokeorhavestoppedsmokingforlessthansixmonths shouldnottakeExubera.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}??Threedrug companies--PfizerSanofi-AventisandNektarTherapeutics--developedthe inhaledinsulin.{{U}}?47?{{/U}}Expertssayaboutfifteenpercentof diabeticswhoneedinsulindonottakeit.Thetreatmentcaninvolveseveral injectionseachday.??Insulinisahormonethatthebodyusesto changefoodintoenergy.Failuretocontrolbloodsugarlevelscanleadto seriousproblemsincludingblindnessandlossofbloodflowtothefeet.Itcan alsoleadtoheartdiseasestrokeandkidneyfailure4.Insulinhasbeensoldas adrugsincethenineteentwenties.Thisisthefirstnewwaytotakeit. Exuberausesapowderbreathedintothelungsthroughamouthpiece.Pfizerwill studythelong-termeffects.Itsayssomepatientshavereportedamildcough whileusingtheinhaledinsulin.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.??Many peopledonotknowtheyhavediabetes.Therearetwoforms.Mostdiabeticshave theTypeTwoform.Theirbodydoesnotmakeenoughinsulinorcannoteffectively usetheinsulinitproduces.{{U}}?49?{{/U}}MostTypeTwodiabeticsdo nottakeinsulin.Theirmedicinescanbetakenbymouth.Dietexerciseand weightcontrolarealsoimportant.TypeOnediabetesoftenbeginsinchildhood. {{U}}?50?{{/U}}.??Officialssaydiabeticswitheither typecoulduseinhaledinsulineitherbeforeorafterameal.ButTypeOne diabeticsandsomewithTypeTwowouldstillneedalonger-lastinginjectionat leastonceaday.A.Withthistypethebodyisunabletoproduce insulin.B.Pfizerrecentlyboughttherightstosellitworldwide.C.The controloftheirbloodsugarlevelsismostimportantforpatientswith diabetes.D.Itiscommoninpeoplewhoareoverweightandnotactive.E. Somepatientswithlungdiseaseshouldnottakeiteither.F.Peopleare advisedtohavetheirlungsexaminedbeforeusingExuberaandatleastoncea yearafterthat.
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ?????????ManyWomenWho BeatCancerDon’tChangeHabits{{/B}}??Manywomenwhobattlebreast cancerwilltellyouit’salife-changingexperience.Howeveranewstudyshows thatformany{{U}}?51?{{/U}}thechangesaren’talwayspositiveor permanent.??BethSnokehaswatchedhermotherandboth grandmothersbattleandsurvivebreast{{U}}?52?{{/U}}Sowhenshewas diagnosedtherewasnodoubtinhermind{{U}}?53?{{/U}}shehadto do.??Idoexactlywhatthedoctorssayasfarasthemedicine thatI’monas{{U}}?54?{{/U}}asthevitaminsthedietandthe fitness.AndIcan’tstressenough{{U}}?55?{{/U}}importantthatis saysBethSnoke.Butasurprisingnewstudyshowsthat{{U}}?56?{{/U}} everywomanwhobeatsbreastcancerisgettingthatmessage.Infactnearly40% ofthemsayeven{{U}}?57?{{/U}}survivingbreastcancertheyhaven’t madesignificantchangesinthe{{U}}?58?{{/U}}theyeatorhowmuch theyexercise.??Notallsurvivorsaretakingadvantageofthis teachablemomentandmakingpositivehealthchangesin{{U}}?59?{{/U}} lifesaysElectraPaskettPhDatOhioStateUniversity’sComprehensive CancerCenter.Paskettsaysdietandexercisehavebeenproventonotonlyhelp womenfeelbetterduringandaftertreatmenttheymay{{U}}?60?{{/U}} playaroleinpreventingsomecancersfromcomingback.{{U}}?61 ?{{/U}}growingevidencesomewomenjustaren’tlistening.? ?Coloncancersurvivors{{U}}?62?{{/U}}exercisehaveactually beenshowntohaveimprovedsurvivalrates.Soyesitistruethatperhapsby makingsomeofthesehealthychoiceswecanactuallyincreasetheirhealth saysPaskett.??Asabreastcancersurvivor{{U}}?63 ?{{/U}}Paskettknowsfirsthandhowmuchdifferencedietandexercisecan {{U}}?64?{{/U}}Thechallengeshesaysistogetmoresurvivorstobe morelikeBethduringandaftertreatment.??Expertssay exercisingmoreandeatingahealthierdietcanalsocut{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}onstressandhelpwomenovercomedepression.Therearemorethan2 millionbreastcancersurvivorslivingintheU.S.Ofthosenearlyamillion haveyettochangetheirdietorexercise routines.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ???????Obesity:theScourgeofthe WesternWorld{{/B}}??Obesityisrapidlybecominganewscourgeof thewesternworlddelegatesagreedatthe11thEuropeanConferenceontheissue inViennaWednesdaytoSaturday.Accordingtostatementsbeforetheopeningof theconference--of2000specialistsfrommorethan50countries--1.2 billionpeopleworldwideareoverweightand250millionareobese.? ?ProfessorBernhardLudvikofViennaGeneralHospitalsaidObesityisa chronicillnessfinGermany20percentofthepeoplearealreadyaffected butinJapanonlyonepercent.Buthesaidthattherewashopeforsufferers thankstothenewscientificdiscoveriesandmedication.? ?ProfessorFriedrichHopichlerofSalzbergsaidWearelivinginthenew agebutwiththemetabolismofastone-ageman.Ihavejustbeentothe UnitedStates.Itisreallyterrible.Apizzashopisspringinguponevery corner.WehavebeenoverrunbyfastfoodandCoca-Cola-ization.? ?Manyoftheexpertsstressedthatobesitywasapotentialkiller. HopichlersaidEightypercentofalldiabeticsareobesealsofiftypercent ofall.patientswithhighbloodpressureandfiftypercentwithadiposetissue complaints.Tenpercentmoreweightmeansthirteenpercentmoreriskof heartdisease.Reducingone’sweightbytenpercentleadstothirteenpercent lowerbloodpressure.??AnotherexpertHermannToplaksaidthat thestatehealthservicesshouldimprovetheirfinancingofpreventiveprograms. Thoughthehealthinsurancepaysforsurgerysuchasreducingthesizeofthe stomachwhenthebody-massindex5ismorethan40.Thatisequivalenttoa weightof116kilogramsforaheightof1.70meters.Oneshouldstart earlier.??Ludviksaidthatpreventionshouldbegininschool. Childobesityfatdepositscorrelateswiththetimewhichchildrenspendin frontofTVsets.??Theconsequenceswereonlyapparentlateron. Nomorethanfifteenpercentofobesepeoplelivedtotheaveragelife expectancyfortheirpopulationgroup.Itisestimatedthatthereare______peoplesufferingfromobesityintheworld.
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OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
TheattackonFortSumternearCharleston{{U}}provoked{{/U}}asharpresponsefromtheNorthwhichledtotheAmericanCivilWar.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ???ContinuingMedicalEducation{{/B}}??Thereis increasingrecognitionoftheneedforhealthworkerstocontinuetheir educationthroughouttheircareers.Notonlydohealthworkersthemselveswish toimprovetheirownskillsandcompetencebuttheintroductionofnew techniquesandequipmentandthechangestakingplaceinhealthneedsandhealth carepoliciesnecessitatecontinuedtraining.Thephrasehealthcareis intendedtomeannotjustcurativetreatmentforthesickbutthewholerangeof provisionforpromotinghealthandpreventingdisease.??In virtuallyeverysituationsomeresponsetothisneedhasbeenmadeso continuingeducationdoestakeplace--eventhoughitmayinmanyinstancesbe ineffectiveorinsufficient.Continuingeducationmaybeinitiatedbythehealth workersthemselvesbytheirsupervisorsbythemanagersofthehealthsystem orbyotheragenciessuchasprofessionalassociationspublishersanddrug companies.Theformofthecontinuingeducationmaybewrittenmaterials journalsbooksadvertisementsmeetingscoursessupervisoryvisitsora varietyofothermethods.??Withthisdiversityofapproachitis notsurprisingthattheeffectivenessofcontinuingeducationshouldbe variable.4Soitisnaturalthatinmanycountriesthereisconcernthatmore continuingeducationshouldbeprovidedandthatitshouldbemore effective.??Theapproachsuggestedthattoachievethisaimis todevelopasystemofcontinuingeducation.Thistermneedssomeexplanation asitiscapableofbeinginterpretedinmanyways.Asystemisnotthesame thingasanorganizationthatprovidescontinuingeducation.Itismuchmore thanthat.Itisthesumoftheeducationalactivitiestheorganizational structurethatsupportsandmanagesthoseactivitiesthemanagementandthe externalagenciesinvolvedintheprovisionofhealthcare.sThesystemshould compriseanationwidecoordinatedprograminwhichtechnologyandresourcesare optimallyused.Writtenmaterialsconstitutethebestformofcontinuingmedicaleducation.
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ???????Obesity:theScourgeofthe WesternWorld{{/B}}??Obesityisrapidlybecominganewscourgeof thewesternworlddelegatesagreedatthe11thEuropeanConferenceontheissue inViennaWednesdaytoSaturday.Accordingtostatementsbeforetheopeningof theconference--of2000specialistsfrommorethan50countries--1.2 billionpeopleworldwideareoverweightand250millionareobese.? ?ProfessorBernhardLudvikofViennaGeneralHospitalsaidObesityisa chronicillnessfinGermany20percentofthepeoplearealreadyaffected butinJapanonlyonepercent.Buthesaidthattherewashopeforsufferers thankstothenewscientificdiscoveriesandmedication.? ?ProfessorFriedrichHopichlerofSalzbergsaidWearelivinginthenew agebutwiththemetabolismofastone-ageman.Ihavejustbeentothe UnitedStates.Itisreallyterrible.Apizzashopisspringinguponevery corner.WehavebeenoverrunbyfastfoodandCoca-Cola-ization.? ?Manyoftheexpertsstressedthatobesitywasapotentialkiller. HopichlersaidEightypercentofalldiabeticsareobesealsofiftypercent ofall.patientswithhighbloodpressureandfiftypercentwithadiposetissue complaints.Tenpercentmoreweightmeansthirteenpercentmoreriskof heartdisease.Reducingone’sweightbytenpercentleadstothirteenpercent lowerbloodpressure.??AnotherexpertHermannToplaksaidthat thestatehealthservicesshouldimprovetheirfinancingofpreventiveprograms. Thoughthehealthinsurancepaysforsurgerysuchasreducingthesizeofthe stomachwhenthebody-massindex5ismorethan40.Thatisequivalenttoa weightof116kilogramsforaheightof1.70meters.Oneshouldstart earlier.??Ludviksaidthatpreventionshouldbegininschool. Childobesityfatdepositscorrelateswiththetimewhichchildrenspendin frontofTVsets.??Theconsequenceswereonlyapparentlateron. Nomorethanfifteenpercentofobesepeoplelivedtotheaveragelife expectancyfortheirpopulationgroup.FromthelastparagraphwemayinferthatoneoftheeffectivemeasuressuggestedbyLudniktopreventchildrenfrombeingobesewouldbe
Wewere{{U}}shocked{{/U}}tofindthatMarydidn'tknowherguest'sname.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}?????????? ??????U.S.EuropeanDrugOfficialsApprove InhaledInsulin{{/B}}??Aformofinsulinforpeoplewithdiabetes totakebymouthisexpectedtobesoldwithinafewmonths.Thenewmedicineis calledExubera.TheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration:andtheEuropean Commissionbothrecentlyapproveditforadults.Itcouldmakelifeeasierfor manydiabeticswhorequiredailyinjectionsofinsulintocontroltheirblood sugarlevels.Butitwillnotreplaceallinsulininjections.Anditisnotfor everyone.Peoplewhosmokeorhavestoppedsmokingforlessthansixmonths shouldnottakeExubera.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}??Threedrug companies--PfizerSanofi-AventisandNektarTherapeutics--developedthe inhaledinsulin.{{U}}?47?{{/U}}Expertssayaboutfifteenpercentof diabeticswhoneedinsulindonottakeit.Thetreatmentcaninvolveseveral injectionseachday.??Insulinisahormonethatthebodyusesto changefoodintoenergy.Failuretocontrolbloodsugarlevelscanleadto seriousproblemsincludingblindnessandlossofbloodflowtothefeet.Itcan alsoleadtoheartdiseasestrokeandkidneyfailure4.Insulinhasbeensoldas adrugsincethenineteentwenties.Thisisthefirstnewwaytotakeit. Exuberausesapowderbreathedintothelungsthroughamouthpiece.Pfizerwill studythelong-termeffects.Itsayssomepatientshavereportedamildcough whileusingtheinhaledinsulin.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.??Many peopledonotknowtheyhavediabetes.Therearetwoforms.Mostdiabeticshave theTypeTwoform.Theirbodydoesnotmakeenoughinsulinorcannoteffectively usetheinsulinitproduces.{{U}}?49?{{/U}}MostTypeTwodiabeticsdo nottakeinsulin.Theirmedicinescanbetakenbymouth.Dietexerciseand weightcontrolarealsoimportant.TypeOnediabetesoftenbeginsinchildhood. {{U}}?50?{{/U}}.??Officialssaydiabeticswitheither typecoulduseinhaledinsulineitherbeforeorafterameal.ButTypeOne diabeticsandsomewithTypeTwowouldstillneedalonger-lastinginjectionat leastonceaday.A.Withthistypethebodyisunabletoproduce insulin.B.Pfizerrecentlyboughttherightstosellitworldwide.C.The controloftheirbloodsugarlevelsismostimportantforpatientswith diabetes.D.Itiscommoninpeoplewhoareoverweightandnotactive.E. Somepatientswithlungdiseaseshouldnottakeiteither.F.Peopleare advisedtohavetheirlungsexaminedbeforeusingExuberaandatleastoncea yearafterthat.{{*HTML*}}
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}?????????? ??????U.S.EuropeanDrugOfficialsApprove InhaledInsulin{{/B}}??Aformofinsulinforpeoplewithdiabetes totakebymouthisexpectedtobesoldwithinafewmonths.Thenewmedicineis calledExubera.TheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration:andtheEuropean Commissionbothrecentlyapproveditforadults.Itcouldmakelifeeasierfor manydiabeticswhorequiredailyinjectionsofinsulintocontroltheirblood sugarlevels.Butitwillnotreplaceallinsulininjections.Anditisnotfor everyone.Peoplewhosmokeorhavestoppedsmokingforlessthansixmonths shouldnottakeExubera.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}??Threedrug companies--PfizerSanofi-AventisandNektarTherapeutics--developedthe inhaledinsulin.{{U}}?47?{{/U}}Expertssayaboutfifteenpercentof diabeticswhoneedinsulindonottakeit.Thetreatmentcaninvolveseveral injectionseachday.??Insulinisahormonethatthebodyusesto changefoodintoenergy.Failuretocontrolbloodsugarlevelscanleadto seriousproblemsincludingblindnessandlossofbloodflowtothefeet.Itcan alsoleadtoheartdiseasestrokeandkidneyfailure4.Insulinhasbeensoldas adrugsincethenineteentwenties.Thisisthefirstnewwaytotakeit. Exuberausesapowderbreathedintothelungsthroughamouthpiece.Pfizerwill studythelong-termeffects.Itsayssomepatientshavereportedamildcough whileusingtheinhaledinsulin.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.??Many peopledonotknowtheyhavediabetes.Therearetwoforms.Mostdiabeticshave theTypeTwoform.Theirbodydoesnotmakeenoughinsulinorcannoteffectively usetheinsulinitproduces.{{U}}?49?{{/U}}MostTypeTwodiabeticsdo nottakeinsulin.Theirmedicinescanbetakenbymouth.Dietexerciseand weightcontrolarealsoimportant.TypeOnediabetesoftenbeginsinchildhood. {{U}}?50?{{/U}}.??Officialssaydiabeticswitheither typecoulduseinhaledinsulineitherbeforeorafterameal.ButTypeOne diabeticsandsomewithTypeTwowouldstillneedalonger-lastinginjectionat leastonceaday.A.Withthistypethebodyisunabletoproduce insulin.B.Pfizerrecentlyboughttherightstosellitworldwide.C.The controloftheirbloodsugarlevelsismostimportantforpatientswith diabetes.D.Itiscommoninpeoplewhoareoverweightandnotactive.E. Somepatientswithlungdiseaseshouldnottakeiteither.F.Peopleare advisedtohavetheirlungsexaminedbeforeusingExuberaandatleastoncea yearafterthat.
Thetowersofasuspensionbridgeserveasarigid{{U}}framework{{/U}}towhichthecablesareattached.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}}?????????? ?????????? ?Aspirin--aNewMiracleDrug{{/B}}??1.Usingaspirinan over-the-counterpillonsaleineverysupermarketwithoutaprescriptionto treatseriouscirculatorydiseasemayseemalmostlikequackery.Buttoday doctorsrecognizethisdrugasapotentcompoundasimportantasantibiotics digitalisandothermiracledrugs.??2.Initsnaturalformas willowbarkandleavesthisremarkableremedydatesbacktoHippocrates2.In 1829thechemicalinthewillowtreethatcanrelievepainandreducefeverwas discoveredtobesalicin.By1899theBayerCompanyinGermanyhadmarketeda variantacetylsalicylicacidunderthenameofaspirin.??3. Sincethenaspirinandcompoundscontainingaspirinhavebeentakenbytensof millionsofarthritispatients.Asapainkilleraspirinisaccordingtoone studymoreeffectivethanallotheranalgesicsandnarcoticsavailablefororal use.Italsoactson4thebody’sthermostatturningdownfever.? ?4.Butsomeofitspowersremainedunsuspecteduntilrecently.In1950the lateDr.Cravenwrotetoasmallwesternmedicaljournalabout400overweight sedentarymalepatientstowhomhehadgivenoneortwoaspirintabletsaday. Nonehadhadaheartattack.Heenlargedhisgroupto8000andin1956 reported:Notasinglecaseofdetectablecoronaryorcerebralthrombosisand nomajorstrokehadoccurredinpatientswhohadtakenoneortwotablets dailyforfromonetotenyears.Buthisobservationswerelargely ignored.??5.ThenDr.Vaneprovedthataspirinturnedoffthe body’sprostaglandinshormonelikechemicalsthatcanbesecretedbyeverycell. Somepotentprostaglandinsareharmfulcompoundsthatcreatefeverpainand arthritis.Oneofthemstimulatesplateletsinthebloodtobeginformingclots insidearteries.Aspirinblocksthisdangerouseffect.??6.Vane’s findingcausedsomeresearcherstorecallCraven’s1956observationswhichnow hadapossiblescientificexplanation.Numerousstudieswerebeguntofindout whetheraspirincouldindeedinhibitheartattacksandstroke.? ?7.In1972tenUSmedicalinstitutionsbegantwodouble-blindtrialsof 303patientswhosufferedfromtransientischemicattacksTIAs.Fouraspirin tabletsadayweregivento153patientswhileplacebotabletsweregivento 150.Neitherpatientsnordoctorsknewwhichwaswhich.Aftersixmonthsthe patientsonaspirinhadexperiencedmuchfewerTIAsandfewerstrokesand deathsfromstrokesthanthecontrols.Theresultsweresoconclusivethat aspirinhasbeenusedforthispurposewidely.ItisBayerCompany______
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ???MedicineAwardKicksoffNobelPrize Announcements{{/B}}??Twoscientistswhohavewonpraisefor researchintothegrowthofcancercellscouldbecandidatesfortheNobelPrize inmedicinewhenthe2008winnersarepresentedonMondaykickingoffsixdays ofNobelannouncements.??Australian-bornU.S.citizenElizabeth BlackburnandAmericanCarolGreiderhavealreadywonaseriesofmedicalhonors fortheirenzymeresearchandexpertssaytheycouldbeamongthefront-runners foraNobel.??Onlysevenwomenhavewonthemedicineprizesince thefirstNobelPrizeswerehandedoutin1901.ThelastfemalewinnerwasU.S. researcherLindaBuckin2004whosharedtheprizewithRichardAxel.? ?Amongthepair’spossiblerivalsareFrenchmanPierreChambonand AmericansRonaldEvansandElwoodJensenwhoopenedupthefieldofstudying proteinscallednuclearhormonereceptors.??Asusualtheaward committeeisgivingnohintsaboutwhoisintherunningbeforepresentingits decisioninanewsconferenceatStockholm’sKarolinskaInstitute.? ?AlfredNobeltheSwedewhoinventeddynamiteestablishedtheprizesin hiswillinthecategoriesofmedicinephysicschemistryliteratureand peace.TheeconomicsprizeistechnicallynotaNobelbuta1968creationof Sweden’scentralbank.??Nobelleftfewinstructionsonhowto selectwinnersbutmedicinewinnersaretypicallyawardedforaspecific breakthroughratherthanabodyofresearch.??HansJornvall secretaryofthemedicineprizecommitteesaidthe10millionkronorUS$1.3 millionprizeencouragesgroundbreakingresearchbuthedidnotthinkwinning itwastheprimarygoalforscientists.??Individualresearchers probablydon’tlookatthemselvesaspotentialNobelPrizewinnerswhenthey’re atworkJornvatltoldTheAssociatedPress.Theygettheirkicksfromtheir researchandtheirinterestinhowlifefunctions.??In2006 BlackburnoftheUniversityofCaliforniaSanFranciscoandGreiderofJohns HopkinsUniversityinBaltimoresharedtheLaskerprizeforbasicmedical researchwithJackSzostakofHarvardMedicalSchool.Theirworksetthestage forresearchsuggestingthatcancercellsusetelomerasetosustaintheir uncontrolledgrowth.WhichisNOTtrueofAlfredNobel?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ???ContinuingMedicalEducation{{/B}}??Thereis increasingrecognitionoftheneedforhealthworkerstocontinuetheir educationthroughouttheircareers.Notonlydohealthworkersthemselveswish toimprovetheirownskillsandcompetencebuttheintroductionofnew techniquesandequipmentandthechangestakingplaceinhealthneedsandhealth carepoliciesnecessitatecontinuedtraining.Thephrasehealthcareis intendedtomeannotjustcurativetreatmentforthesickbutthewholerangeof provisionforpromotinghealthandpreventingdisease.??In virtuallyeverysituationsomeresponsetothisneedhasbeenmadeso continuingeducationdoestakeplace--eventhoughitmayinmanyinstancesbe ineffectiveorinsufficient.Continuingeducationmaybeinitiatedbythehealth workersthemselvesbytheirsupervisorsbythemanagersofthehealthsystem orbyotheragenciessuchasprofessionalassociationspublishersanddrug companies.Theformofthecontinuingeducationmaybewrittenmaterials journalsbooksadvertisementsmeetingscoursessupervisoryvisitsora varietyofothermethods.??Withthisdiversityofapproachitis notsurprisingthattheeffectivenessofcontinuingeducationshouldbe variable.4Soitisnaturalthatinmanycountriesthereisconcernthatmore continuingeducationshouldbeprovidedandthatitshouldbemore effective.??Theapproachsuggestedthattoachievethisaimis todevelopasystemofcontinuingeducation.Thistermneedssomeexplanation asitiscapableofbeinginterpretedinmanyways.Asystemisnotthesame thingasanorganizationthatprovidescontinuingeducation.Itismuchmore thanthat.Itisthesumoftheeducationalactivitiestheorganizational structurethatsupportsandmanagesthoseactivitiesthemanagementandthe externalagenciesinvolvedintheprovisionofhealthcare.sThesystemshould compriseanationwidecoordinatedprograminwhichtechnologyandresourcesare optimallyused.Thephrasehealthcaremeansmorethancurativetreatmentforthesick.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}}?????????? ?????????? ?Aspirin--aNewMiracleDrug{{/B}}??1.Usingaspirinan over-the-counterpillonsaleineverysupermarketwithoutaprescriptionto treatseriouscirculatorydiseasemayseemalmostlikequackery.Buttoday doctorsrecognizethisdrugasapotentcompoundasimportantasantibiotics digitalisandothermiracledrugs.??2.Initsnaturalformas willowbarkandleavesthisremarkableremedydatesbacktoHippocrates2.In 1829thechemicalinthewillowtreethatcanrelievepainandreducefeverwas discoveredtobesalicin.By1899theBayerCompanyinGermanyhadmarketeda variantacetylsalicylicacidunderthenameofaspirin.??3. Sincethenaspirinandcompoundscontainingaspirinhavebeentakenbytensof millionsofarthritispatients.Asapainkilleraspirinisaccordingtoone studymoreeffectivethanallotheranalgesicsandnarcoticsavailablefororal use.Italsoactson4thebody’sthermostatturningdownfever.? ?4.Butsomeofitspowersremainedunsuspecteduntilrecently.In1950the lateDr.Cravenwrotetoasmallwesternmedicaljournalabout400overweight sedentarymalepatientstowhomhehadgivenoneortwoaspirintabletsaday. Nonehadhadaheartattack.Heenlargedhisgroupto8000andin1956 reported:Notasinglecaseofdetectablecoronaryorcerebralthrombosisand nomajorstrokehadoccurredinpatientswhohadtakenoneortwotablets dailyforfromonetotenyears.Buthisobservationswerelargely ignored.??5.ThenDr.Vaneprovedthataspirinturnedoffthe body’sprostaglandinshormonelikechemicalsthatcanbesecretedbyeverycell. Somepotentprostaglandinsareharmfulcompoundsthatcreatefeverpainand arthritis.Oneofthemstimulatesplateletsinthebloodtobeginformingclots insidearteries.Aspirinblocksthisdangerouseffect.??6.Vane’s findingcausedsomeresearcherstorecallCraven’s1956observationswhichnow hadapossiblescientificexplanation.Numerousstudieswerebeguntofindout whetheraspirincouldindeedinhibitheartattacksandstroke.? ?7.In1972tenUSmedicalinstitutionsbegantwodouble-blindtrialsof 303patientswhosufferedfromtransientischemicattacksTIAs.Fouraspirin tabletsadayweregivento153patientswhileplacebotabletsweregivento 150.Neitherpatientsnordoctorsknewwhichwaswhich.Aftersixmonthsthe patientsonaspirinhadexperiencedmuchfewerTIAsandfewerstrokesand deathsfromstrokesthanthecontrols.Theresultsweresoconclusivethat aspirinhasbeenusedforthispurposewidely.Numerousstudiesconcluded______
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ???????Obesity:theScourgeofthe WesternWorld{{/B}}??Obesityisrapidlybecominganewscourgeof thewesternworlddelegatesagreedatthe11thEuropeanConferenceontheissue inViennaWednesdaytoSaturday.Accordingtostatementsbeforetheopeningof theconference--of2000specialistsfrommorethan50countries--1.2 billionpeopleworldwideareoverweightand250millionareobese.? ?ProfessorBernhardLudvikofViennaGeneralHospitalsaidObesityisa chronicillnessfinGermany20percentofthepeoplearealreadyaffected butinJapanonlyonepercent.Buthesaidthattherewashopeforsufferers thankstothenewscientificdiscoveriesandmedication.? ?ProfessorFriedrichHopichlerofSalzbergsaidWearelivinginthenew agebutwiththemetabolismofastone-ageman.Ihavejustbeentothe UnitedStates.Itisreallyterrible.Apizzashopisspringinguponevery corner.WehavebeenoverrunbyfastfoodandCoca-Cola-ization.? ?Manyoftheexpertsstressedthatobesitywasapotentialkiller. HopichlersaidEightypercentofalldiabeticsareobesealsofiftypercent ofall.patientswithhighbloodpressureandfiftypercentwithadiposetissue complaints.Tenpercentmoreweightmeansthirteenpercentmoreriskof heartdisease.Reducingone’sweightbytenpercentleadstothirteenpercent lowerbloodpressure.??AnotherexpertHermannToplaksaidthat thestatehealthservicesshouldimprovetheirfinancingofpreventiveprograms. Thoughthehealthinsurancepaysforsurgerysuchasreducingthesizeofthe stomachwhenthebody-massindex5ismorethan40.Thatisequivalenttoa weightof116kilogramsforaheightof1.70meters.Oneshouldstart earlier.??Ludviksaidthatpreventionshouldbegininschool. Childobesityfatdepositscorrelateswiththetimewhichchildrenspendin frontofTVsets.??Theconsequenceswereonlyapparentlateron. Nomorethanfifteenpercentofobesepeoplelivedtotheaveragelife expectancyfortheirpopulationgroup.Whichofthefollowingismostoftenaccompaniedbyobesity?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ???ContinuingMedicalEducation{{/B}}??Thereis increasingrecognitionoftheneedforhealthworkerstocontinuetheir educationthroughouttheircareers.Notonlydohealthworkersthemselveswish toimprovetheirownskillsandcompetencebuttheintroductionofnew techniquesandequipmentandthechangestakingplaceinhealthneedsandhealth carepoliciesnecessitatecontinuedtraining.Thephrasehealthcareis intendedtomeannotjustcurativetreatmentforthesickbutthewholerangeof provisionforpromotinghealthandpreventingdisease.??In virtuallyeverysituationsomeresponsetothisneedhasbeenmadeso continuingeducationdoestakeplace--eventhoughitmayinmanyinstancesbe ineffectiveorinsufficient.Continuingeducationmaybeinitiatedbythehealth workersthemselvesbytheirsupervisorsbythemanagersofthehealthsystem orbyotheragenciessuchasprofessionalassociationspublishersanddrug companies.Theformofthecontinuingeducationmaybewrittenmaterials journalsbooksadvertisementsmeetingscoursessupervisoryvisitsora varietyofothermethods.??Withthisdiversityofapproachitis notsurprisingthattheeffectivenessofcontinuingeducationshouldbe variable.4Soitisnaturalthatinmanycountriesthereisconcernthatmore continuingeducationshouldbeprovidedandthatitshouldbemore effective.??Theapproachsuggestedthattoachievethisaimis todevelopasystemofcontinuingeducation.Thistermneedssomeexplanation asitiscapableofbeinginterpretedinmanyways.Asystemisnotthesame thingasanorganizationthatprovidescontinuingeducation.Itismuchmore thanthat.Itisthesumoftheeducationalactivitiestheorganizational structurethatsupportsandmanagesthoseactivitiesthemanagementandthe externalagenciesinvolvedintheprovisionofhealthcare.sThesystemshould compriseanationwidecoordinatedprograminwhichtechnologyandresourcesare optimallyused.Healthworkersthemselvesareawareoftheimportanceofcontinuedtraining.
ThereisalwaysexcitementattheOlympicGameswhenanathlete{{U}}breaks{{/U}}apreviousrecordofperformance.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ???MedicineAwardKicksoffNobelPrize Announcements{{/B}}??Twoscientistswhohavewonpraisefor researchintothegrowthofcancercellscouldbecandidatesfortheNobelPrize inmedicinewhenthe2008winnersarepresentedonMondaykickingoffsixdays ofNobelannouncements.??Australian-bornU.S.citizenElizabeth BlackburnandAmericanCarolGreiderhavealreadywonaseriesofmedicalhonors fortheirenzymeresearchandexpertssaytheycouldbeamongthefront-runners foraNobel.??Onlysevenwomenhavewonthemedicineprizesince thefirstNobelPrizeswerehandedoutin1901.ThelastfemalewinnerwasU.S. researcherLindaBuckin2004whosharedtheprizewithRichardAxel.? ?Amongthepair’spossiblerivalsareFrenchmanPierreChambonand AmericansRonaldEvansandElwoodJensenwhoopenedupthefieldofstudying proteinscallednuclearhormonereceptors.??Asusualtheaward committeeisgivingnohintsaboutwhoisintherunningbeforepresentingits decisioninanewsconferenceatStockholm’sKarolinskaInstitute.? ?AlfredNobeltheSwedewhoinventeddynamiteestablishedtheprizesin hiswillinthecategoriesofmedicinephysicschemistryliteratureand peace.TheeconomicsprizeistechnicallynotaNobelbuta1968creationof Sweden’scentralbank.??Nobelleftfewinstructionsonhowto selectwinnersbutmedicinewinnersaretypicallyawardedforaspecific breakthroughratherthanabodyofresearch.??HansJornvall secretaryofthemedicineprizecommitteesaidthe10millionkronorUS$1.3 millionprizeencouragesgroundbreakingresearchbuthedidnotthinkwinning itwastheprimarygoalforscientists.??Individualresearchers probablydon’tlookatthemselvesaspotentialNobelPrizewinnerswhenthey’re atworkJornvatltoldTheAssociatedPress.Theygettheirkicksfromtheir researchandtheirinterestinhowlifefunctions.??In2006 BlackburnoftheUniversityofCaliforniaSanFranciscoandGreiderofJohns HopkinsUniversityinBaltimoresharedtheLaskerprizeforbasicmedical researchwithJackSzostakofHarvardMedicalSchool.Theirworksetthestage forresearchsuggestingthatcancercellsusetelomerasetosustaintheir uncontrolledgrowth.Thewordkicksinline6fromthebottomprobablymeans
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ????????NewAttemptsto EradicateAIDSVirus{{/B}}??Ahigh-profileattempttoeradicatethe AIDSvirusinafewpatientscontinuestoshowpromise.??But researcherswon’tknowforayearormorewhetheritwillworkscientistDavid HotoldjournalistshereWednesdayfortheFourthConferenceinVirusesand Infections.??Thisisastudythat’sinprogresssaysHohead oftheAaronDiamondAIDSResearchCenterNewYork.??Thestudy involves20peoplewhostartedcombinationsofanti-HIVdrugsveryearlyinthe courseofthediseasewithin90daysoftheirinfections.They’vebeentreated forupto18months.Fourothershavedroppedoutbecauseofsideeffectsor problemscomplyingwiththeexactingdrugsystem.??Thedrugs haveknockedtheAIDSvirusdowntoundetectablelevelsinthebloodofall remainingpatientssAndinthelatestdevelopment6scientistshavenow testedlymphnodesandsemenfromafewpatientsandfoundnovirusreproducing thereHosays.Bearinmindthat?undetectabledoesnotequalabsentHo says.??Hohascalculatedthatthedrugsshouldbeabletowipe outremainingviruses--atleastfromknownreservoirsthroughoutthebody-- intwotothreeyears.Buttheonlywaytoproveeradicationwouldbetostop thedrugsandseeiftheviruscomesback8.OnWednesdayHosaidhewouldn’t askanypatienttoconsiderthatstepbefore2yearsoftreatment.??Andhe emphasizedthatheisnoturgingwidespreadadoptionofsuchearlyaggressive treatmentoutsideoftrials9.Nooneknowsthelong-termrisks.? ?Butotherscientistsarelookingatsimilarexperiments.Afederally fundedstudywillput300patientsontriple-drugtreatmentsandthenseeif somerespondingwellaftersixmonthscancontinuetosuppressthevirusonjust oneortwodrugssaysresearcherDouglasRichmanoftheUniversityof CaliforniaSanDiego.Somepatientsinthatstudyalsomaybeofferedthe chancetostoptherapyafter18monthsormorehe says.Howcouldweprovethatthedrugshavewipedouttheremainingviruses?
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
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