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If you are a fruit grower---or would like to become one---take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s...
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高中英语《河北省沧州市第一中学2017届高三上学期第一次月考英语试题 Word版含答案》真题及答案
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Fruitsaladisadeliciousdessertandyoucanmakeitinless
Youeattoomuch_____soyouarefat.
tomatoes
fruit
hamburgers
dessert
阅读理解阅读下列短文根据短文内容选择最佳答案DoyoulikefruitsaladDoyouwant
Fruitandvegetablesshouldbeapartofwhatweeateveryday
Youseldomeatafruitlikethis______you
do
don't
are
aren't
Fruitandvegetablesshouldbeapartofwhatweeateveryday
Haven’tItoldyoumanytimesthatyoushouldnoteatfruitth
Themorefruitandvegetablesyoueat______chanceofgetti
little
less
the less
the least
---Lindahelp_____tosomefruit.---Thankyou.
you
yours
yourself
yourselves
Fruitandvegetablesshouldbeapartofwhatweeateveryday
Ifyouwanttomakeafruitsaladyoushouldchoosefruit____
in a season, sometime
in season, some time
in the season, sometimes
in season, some times
WhatcouldbesimplerthanshakingfruitfromatreeWell
good fruit pickers know how fast or slow to shake a tree
most of the fruits are badly bruised when they hit the ground
it really makes no difference how you shake a fruit tree
too much shaking can damage the branches
Therewasamanwhowasblindfrombirth.Heownedafruitstan
Andyyou'dbetternoteatmeatonlyyoushouldknowmilkandf
is
are
was
were
---Comeandsitdownkids!Help________tosomefruit!---T
yourself
yourselves
you
ourselves
--_______doyouhaveinthisseason?---Youcanhaveanythi
What fruit
Which fruit
Which fruits
What fruits
Doyoulikefruitsalad?Doyouwanttomakefruitsaladbyyou
阅读理解DoyoulikefruitsaladDoyouwanttomakefruitsaladby
Ifyouwanttokeep______youshouldeatmorefruitandveget
health
healthly
healthy
healthily
单项填空－Lindahelp_______tosomefruit.－Thankyou.
you
yours
yourself
yourselves
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Youarewatchingafilminwhichtwomenarehavingafight.TheyhitoneanotherharD.Atthestarttheyonlyfightwiththeirfists.Butsoontheybeginhittingoneanotherovertheheadswithchairs.Andsoitgoesonuntiloneofthemencrashes撞击throughawindowandfallsthirtyfeettothegroundbelow.Heisdead！Ofcourseheisn'treallydeaD.Withanyluckheisn'tevenhurt.Why?Becausethemenwhofalloutofhighwindowsorjumpfromfastmovingtrainswhocrashcarsofevencatchfireareprofessionals.Theydothisforaliving.Thesemenarecalledstuntmen.Thatistosaytheyperformtricks.Therearetwosidestotheirwork.Theyactuallydomostofthethingsyouseeonthescreen.Forexampletheyfallfromahighbuilding.Howevertheydonotfallontohardgroundbutontoemptycardboardboxescoveredwithamattress床垫.Againwhentheyhitoneanotherwithchairsthechairsaremadeofsoftwoodandwhentheycrashthroughwindowstheglassismadeofsugar!Butalthoughtheirworkdependsontrickofthissortitalsorequiresahighdegreeofskillandtraining.Oftenastuntman'ssuccessdependsoncarefultiming.Forexamplewhenheisblownupinabattlescenehehastojumpoutofthewayoftheexplosionjustattherightmoment.Naturallystuntmenarewellpaidfortheirworkbuttheyleaddangerouslives.TheyoftengetseriouslyinjuredandsometimeskilleD.A.Norwegianstuntmanforexampleskiedovertheedgeofacliff悬崖athousandfeethigh.Hisparachute降落伞failedtoopenandhewaskilleD.Inspiteofalltherisksthisisnolongeraprofessionformenonly.Mennolongerdressupaswomenwhenactresseshavetoperformsomedangerousaction.Fornowadaystherearestuntgirlstoo.25.Stuntmenearntheirlivingby______.A.playingtheirdirtytricksB.sellingtheirspecialskillsC.jumpingoutofhighwindowsD.jumpingfromfastmovingtrains26.Whenastuntmanfallsfromahighbuilding______.A.heneedslittleprotectionB.hewillbecoveredwithamattressC.hislifeisendangeredD.hissafetyisgenerallyallright27.Whichofthefollowingisthemainfactor因素ofasuccessfulperformance?A.Strength.B.Exactness.C.SpeeD.D.Carefulness.28.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheauthor'sexampleoftheNorwegianstuntman?A.Sometimesanaccidentcanoccurtoastuntman.B.Thepercentageofseriousaccidentsishigh.C.Parachutesmustbeofgoodquality.D.Thecliffistoohigh.
Gettingenoughsleeponaregularbasisisoneimportantwaytoprotectthehealthofyourheart.Poorsleepisassociatedwitharangeofcardiovascular心血管的problemsincludinghighbloodpressureheartattackandheartfailurE.Bothmenandwomenareatincreasedriskfortheseconditions.ButwecontinuetolearnthatwhenitcomestohealthproblemsassociatedwithsleeptheparticularriskstomenandwomenarenotalwaysthesamE.A.newstudysuggeststhatforwomenwhoalreadyhaveheartdiseasepoorsleepmaybeparticularlydangeroustotheirhearthealth.Researchindicatesthatpoor-qualitysleep—andwakingtooearlyinparticular—isassociatedwithincreasedinflammation炎症amongwomenwithheartdiseasE.Therewasnosimilarassociationfoundformensuggestingthatwomenwithheartdiseaseandsleepproblemsmaybeatparticularriskforinflammationthatcanbedamagingtotheheart.ResearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanFranciscoinvestigatedtherelationshipbetweensleepqualityandinflammationlinkedtocoronary冠状的heartdiseasE.Theyalsosoughtinformationabouthowanassociationbetweensleepandinflammationmightdifferbetweenmenandwomen.Theirinvestigationincluded980menandwomenatfirstand626completedthe5-yearstudy.AllofthoseincludedweresufferingforcoronaryheartdiseasE.Theaverageageofmeninthestudywas66.Womenwereslightlyyoungerwithanaverageageof64.Researchersmeasuredsleepqualitybyaskingparticipantstoratetheirsleepoverthepreviousmonth.Theyalsoaskedforreportsofsomeofthemostcommonsleepproblemsincludingdifficultyfallingasleepdifficultystayingasleepwakingfrequentlythroughoutthenightandwakingtooearlyinthemorning.After5yearsresearchersrepeatedtestsforinflammationandonceagainsoughtreportsonsleepqualityandsleepproblems.Whentheyanalyzeddataforbothmenandwomentogetherresearchersfoundnolinksbetweeninflammationsandsleepquality.Howeverwhentheyanalyzeddatatakinggender性别intoaccountresearchersfoundarelationshipbetweeninflammationandsleepexistedforwomenbutnotformen.12.Whenapersonsuffersfromsleepdisorder_______.A.he/sheissuretohavecardiovascularproblemsB.he/shemaybeinastateofpoorhealthC.he/shemustbeindangerofheartdiseaseD.he/shemightgetonpoorlywithothers13.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassage?A.TostresshowtohaveagoodsleepindailylifE.B.Toshowagoodsleepismoreimportanttowomen.C.Todescribedifferentkindsofsleepproblems.D.ToencouragereaderstosleepmorE.14.Theresearchersdidthestudy_______.A.tofindacureforwomenwithheartdiseaseB.toknowwhatcontributestoinflammationC.tolookintotherelationshipbetweensleepqualityandinflammationtotrackthelifestyleofmenandwomen15.Whichofthefollowingisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.PoorSleepResultsinProblemsOnlyforAdultsB.LackofSleepCanLeadtoMuchInflammationC.SleepLossIstoIncreaseAnxietyDisordersD.Women’sSleepHabitsMayAffectHeartHealth
AnarticlepublishedrecentlyinthescientificjournalNatureissheddingnewlightonanimportantbutsofarlittlehasbeenappreciatedaspectofhumanevolution.InthisarticleProfessorsDennisBrambleandDanielLiebermansuggestthattheabilitytorunwasadecisivefactorinthedevelopmentofourspecies.Accordingtothetwoscientistshumanspossessanumberofanatomical人体结构的featuresthatmakethemsurprisinglygoodrunners.Weareveryconfidentthatstrongselectionforrunningwhichcameattheexpenseofthehistoricalabilitytoliveintrees-washelpfulintheoriginofthemodernhumanbodyformsaysBrambleabiologyprofessorattheUniversityofUtah.Traditionalthinkinguptonowhasbeenthattheuprightbodyformofmodernhumanshascomeaboutasaresultoftheabilitytowalkandthatrunningissimplyaby-productofwalking.Furthermorehumanshaveusuallybeenregardedaspoorrunnerscomparedtosuchanimalsasdogshorsesorantelopes.Howeverthisisonlytrueifweconsiderfastrunningovershortdistances.EvenOlympicathletecanhardlyrunasfastasahorsecangallopandcanonlykeepupatopspeedforfifteensecondsorso.Horsesandantelopesontheotherhandcanrunattopspeedforseveralminutesclearlyoutperformingusinthisrespect.Butwhenitcomestolong-distancerunninghumansdoastonishinglywell.Theycanmaintainasteadypaceformilesandtheiroverallspeedcomparesfavorablywiththatofhorsesordogs.BrambleandLiebermanexaminedtwenty-sixanatomicalfeaturesfoundinhumans.Oneofthemostinterestingoftheseisthenuchalligament颈背的韧带.WhenwerunitisthisligamentthatpreventsourheadfrompitchingbackandforthorfromsidetosidE.Thereforeweareabletorunwithsteadyheadsheldhigh.Thenuchalligamentisnotfoundinanyothersurvivingprimates灵长类动物althoughthefossil化石recordshowsthatHomoerectusanearlyhumanspeciesthatwalkeduprightmuchaswedoalsohadonE.ThenthereareourAchillestendons跟腱atthebacksofourlegswhichhavenothingtodowithwalking.WhenwerunthesetendonsbehavelikespringshelpingtopushusforwarD.Furthermorewehavelowwideshouldersvirtuallydisconnectedfromourskullsthebonypartoftheheadanotheranatomicaladaptationwhichallowsustorunmoreefficiently.Butwhatevolutionaryadvantageisgainedfrombeinggoodlong-distancerunners?Oneassumptionisthatthisabilitymayhavepermittedearlyhumanstoobtainfoodmoreeffectively.Whatthesefeaturesandfossilfactsappeartobetellingusisthatrunningevolvedinorderforourdirectancestorstocompetewithothercarnivoresanimalsthateatmeatforaccesstotheproteinneededtogrowthebigbrainsthatweenjoytoday.saysLieberman.21.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthehumanabilitytorun_______.A.wasonlyrecentlydescribedinascientificjournalB.playedanimportantpartinhumanevolutionC.wasconsideredmorenaturalthantheabilitytoliveintreesD.contributedtotheformofhumanlanguage22.Accordingtothesecondparagraphhumans_______A.arebetterrunnersthanmostotheranimalsB.arenotgoodatrunningshortdistancesC.compareunfavorablywithhorsesanddogsD.arepoorlong-distancerunners23.Itappearsthatthenuchalligament_______.A.enablesustorunwithsteadyheadsB.isfoundinmodernprimatesonlyC.preventstheheadfrombeingheldhighD.isauniquefeatureofcarnivores24.ThepassagedoesNOTtellusthat_______A.earlyhumanshadanadvantageinobtainingfoodthankstotherunningabilityB.fossilshelpusbetterunderstandhumanevolution.C.ourAchillestendonsareanadaptationforrunningefficiently111.Com]D.bigbrainsmayhavebeenevolvedforrunninglong-distance
ClevernessisagiftwhilekindnessisachoicE.Giftsareeasy—they’regivenafterall.Choicecanbehard.IgottheideatostartAmazon16yearsago.IcameacrossthefactthattheInternetusagewasgrowingat2300percentperyear.I’dneverseenorheardofanythingthatgrewthatfastandtheideaofbuildinganonlinebookstorewithmillionsoftitleswasveryexcitingtomE.Ihadjustturned30yearsoldandI’dbeenmarriedforayear.ItoldmywifeMacKenziethatIwantedtoquitmyjobandgotodothiscrazythingthatprobablywouldn’tworksincemoststart-upsdon’tandIwasn’tsurewhattoexpect.MacKenzietoldmeIshouldgoforit.AsayoungboyI’dbeenagarageinventor.I’dalwayswantedtobeaninventorandshewantedmetofollowmypassion.IwasworkingatafinancialfirminNewYorkCitywithabunchofverysmartpeopleandIhadabrilliantbossthatImuchadmireD.IwenttomybossandtoldhimIwantedtostartacompanysellingbooksontheInternet.HetookmeonalongwalkinCentralParklistenedcarefullytomeandfinallysaidThatsoundslikeareallygoodideabutitwouldbeanevenbetterideaforsomeonewhodidn’talreadyhaveagoodjoB.That1ogicmadesomesensetomeandheconvincedmetothinkaboutitfor48hoursbeforemakingafinaldecision.SeeninthatlightitreallywasadifficultchoicebutfinallyIdecidedIhadtogiveitashot.Ididn’tthinkI’dregrettryingandfailing.AndIsuspectedIwouldalwaysbehauntedbyadecisiontonottryatall.AftermuchconsiderationItookthelesssafepathtofollowmypassionandI’mproudofthatchoicE.Forallofusintheendweareourchoice.21.Whatinspiredtheauthorwiththeideaofbuildinganonlinebookstore?A.Hisdreamofbeinganinventor.B.Thesupportofhiswife.C.ThegreatlyincreasingusageoftheInternet.D.Millionsofexcitingtitles22.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedsentence?A.Theideaofnottryingwouldkeepcomingtohismindanddisturbhim.B.Hewouldbeveryexcitedifhetrieditout.C.Hewouldbealwayshavingadoubtifhedidn’ttry.D.Thedecisiontonottrytheonlinebookstorewouldterrifyhim.23.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ClevernessandKindnessB.TheStartingofAmazonC.FollowingMyPassionD.WeAreWhatWeChoose
Childrenwhospendmoretimeoutdoorsmayhavealowerriskofbecomingnearsightednewresearchsuggests.Inthestudyresearcherslookedatabout1900schoolchildren.Thescientistsfoundthatthekidswhohadbeeninstructedtospendmoretimeoutdoorsoverthreeyearswere23percentlesslikelytodevelopnearsightednessduringthistimethanthosewhohadnotbeeninstructedtospendmoretimeoutdoors.Moreoveramongthekidswhodidbecomenearsightedduringthestudythedegreetowhichtheireyesightworsenedwasslightlysmalleramongthosewhospentmoretimeoutdoors.Theresearchersselectedsixschoolsandrequiredthechildrenwhoseaverageagewas7atthestartofthestudytoattendoneadditional60-minuteclassofoutdooractivitiesduringeachschooldayforthreeyears.Theparentsofthesechildrenwerealsoencouragedtoengagetheirchildreninoutdooractivitiesafterschoolespeciallyduringweekendsandholidays.Theotherhalfofthechildrenfromanothersixschoolscontinuedtheirusualactivitypatterns.Afterthreeyears30.4percentofthekidsintheintervention干预grouphadbecomenearsightedcomparedwith38.5percentofthekidsintheothergroup.Itisnotclearexactlywhyspendingmoretimeoutsidewouldbenefitchildren’seyesighttheresearcherssaiD.Howeversomeresearchhassuggestedthatthehigherlevelsoflightintensityfoundoutdoorsmayincreasethereleaseofthechemicaldopamine多巴胺oftheeyE.Inturndopamineisknowntorestrainthetypeofgrowthintheeyethatisassociatedwithnearsightedness.Basedonthenewresultstheresearchersrecommendthatchildrenspendmoretimeoutdoorsbecauseofthepotentialbenefitstotheireyesight.Howeverit’simportanttoprotectkids’skinandeyesfromUVlightwhichcanbedamaging.9.Whatdidthechildrenintheinterventiongroupdoduringeachschoolday?A.Attendanextraclassofoutdooractivities.B.Continuetodotheirusualactivities.C.Spendonehourindoingeyeexercises.D.Participateinoutdooractivitieswithparents.10.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthechemicaldopamine?A.Itcancontributetopoorsight.B.Itcandamagepeople’sbrain.C.Itisbeneficialtoeyesight.D.Itmeanslowlevelsoflightintensity.11.Whatmaybediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Howtodesignoutdooractivitiesforkids.B.HowtopreventkidsbecomingnearsighteD.C.Howtoprotectkids’skinandeyesfromUVlight.D.Howtoencouragekidstojoininoutdooractivities.12.Whichcanserveasthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMoreTimeOutdoorstheBetterB.KidsMaySeeBetterifTheyPlayOutsideC.It’sTimetoEngageKidsinOutdoorActivitiesD.ResearchersFoundaCureforNearsightedness
Nowscientistsbelievethatglobalwarmingaffectshibernating冬眠的animalscausingthemtowakeupearlier.Whilethismayseemalittleconcernitisinfactasignificantenvironmentalproblem.Theshortenedhibernation冬眠periodcouldactuallyleadtosignificantdeclinesinthepopulationsofseveralspecies.SomeofthefirstconcreteevidenceofthephenomenoncamefromColoradowhereresearchersattheRockyMountainBiologicallabhavebeenobservingmarmot旱獭hibernationbehaviorsincethe1970s.IntheearlydaysoftheirstudiesmarmotsgenerallyhibernatedseveralweeksintothemonthofMay.Nowadayshowevertemperaturesintheareahaverisenby2.5degreesFahrenheit华氏度andthemarmotsarewakingupaboutamonthearlier.Atleastthemarmotsarestillhibernating.Severalotheranimalshavenotbeenhibernatingatallrecently.BrownbearsintheSpanishCantabrianMountainsdidnothibernatelastyear.InpartsoftheUnitedStateschipmunks花鼠alsoskippedthehibernationperioD.Thebearsseemtohavesurvivedwithoutlosingmanyindividuals.Thechipmunkshoweverwerenotsolucky.Manyoftheanimalsdiedofstarvationduringthewinter.Theproblemwithanimalswakingupearlyorskippinghibernationaltogetherlieswiththecreatures’metabolism新陈代谢.Whenananimalhibernatestheirmetabolismdropssignificantly.Theanimals’heartrateslowsandtheyrequireverylittleenergytolivE.Whentheanimalsawakefromtheirwinterslumbertheirmetabolismreturnstonormal.Butwhiletheirmetabolismmaybeasactiveasitwasbeforehibernationfoodsourcesaren’tasavailableastheywerebeforE.A.marmotmaywakeupwhentemperaturesgetwarmerthinkingit’sspringbutplantswillnothavegottentheamountofsuntheyneedtosignaltheirspringperiodofgrowth.SountiltheplantsgrowthemarmotshavenoreliablefoodsourcE.ManyscientistsbelievetheproblemwillcontinuetogetworsE.Inadditiontochangesinhibernationpatternssomebelievethatotheranimalswillalsobegintochangetheirmigrationpatternsorbegintogivebirthearlier.Formanybiologiststhat’sascaryprospect.TerryRootananimalexpertatStanfordUniversitysaid:Idothinkwhatwewillbefacingistheextinctionofmanyspecies.71.Whatistheviewpointofthewriter?A.Globalwarmingwillcontinuetogetworseastimegoeson.B.Globalwarmingwillleadtoshortenedhibernationofsomeanimals.C.Shortenedhibernationwillresultindeclinesinthepopulationofanimals.D.Someanimalswillskiphibernationaltogether.72.Thewritersetstheexampleofthemarmotsoasto__________.A.explainthatglobalwarminginfluencesanimals’hibernationB.indicatethattheweathergetswarmerandwarmernowC.showthattheweatherintheUnitedStatesisquitedifferentD.saysomeanimalsdonothibernatenowduetowarmweather73.Theunderlinedwordslumberinthefourthparagraphmeans_________.A.weatherB.activityC.nestD.sleep74.Whycan’tmarmotsfindenoughfoodwhentheywakeup?A.Becausetherearetoomanymarmotsinthewildnow.B.Becauseplantshaven’treceivedenoughsunlightforspringgrowth.C.BecausewinterdaysendmuchearlierthanbeforE.D.Becausemoreandmoreanimalspeciesskiphibernationnow.75.TerryRootholdsan__________attitudetowardsthefutureofanimals.A.optimisticB.doubtfulC.pessimisticD.sensitive
Theoceansareuniquetoourplanet.Nootherplanetinoursolarsystemhasliquidwater.Theoceanscoverabout70%oftheearth'ssurfacE.Theycontainabout97%oftheearth'swatersupply.Lifeonearthoriginatedintheseas.Theoceanscontinuetobehometoanincrediblenumberofplantsandanimals.Weknowverylittleabouttheoceans.Becausetheyaresodeepanddarktheyarehardtostudy.ButscientistsarediscoveringnewstrangecreaturesallthetimE.Wearelearningmorebyusingsatellitestolookattheoceans'surfacesandbyusingbuoys航标tomeasuretemperatureandsaltiness.SpecialvehiclescannowtraveldeepintothedarkoceanstoseewhatmysteriescanbediscovereD.Moreofthesun'sheatisassimilatedbywateralongtheequatorthanatthepoles.Thismeansthewaterattheequatoriswarmerthanwateratthepoles.ThesedifferentwatertemperaturescausethewaterintheoceanstomovE.Thisiscalledanoceancurrent.Theairaboveoceancurrentsalsomoves.ThewarmorcoldoceanairmovesoverthelandaswinD.OceansarealsoareallyimportantpartofthewatercyclE.Evaporation蒸发fromoceanscreatesmostoftheworld'srainfall.Plantsonlandneedtheraintoabsorbnutrientsfromthesoil.TheoceansarealsohometoallkindsofsealifE.Theseincludefishwhalesdolphinsoctopilobsterscrabsandshrimps.Therearealsojellyfishandstarfish.Manykindsofplantssuchasplanktonkelpandseagrassarepartoftheforestoftheseafloor.Carbondioxidein-oxygenout!OceanshelptocaptureandstorecarbondioxideC02.TheyarethelargestnaturalcarbonsinksintheworlD.Oceanstrapabout1/4oftheCO2thathumansputintotheair.Oceansalsoreleaseoxygen.Halfoftheworld'soxygenisproducedbythesetinyplants!32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofoceans?A.Theyareamazing.B.Theyarecommon.C.Theyareboundless.D.TheyareunimaginablE.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordassimilatedmeaninthepassage?A.TakeninB.Givenoff.C.Cutdown.D.Heldback.35.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____111]A.oceansproducemuchcarbondioxideB.itisnotsafetolivebytheoceansC.oceansprovidehumanswithrichresourcesD.humanscanonlydependonoceansforwater
Sunscreens防晒霜canofferprotectionfromtwotypesofultravioletUVrays紫外线:UVBwhichaccordingtotheSkinCancerFoundationarethechiefcauseofsunburnandplayakeyroleinthedevelopmentofskincancerandUVAwhichgetthroughtheskinmoredeeplyandarelargelyresponsibleforskinagingandwrinklingaswellasskincancerrisk.TheSPF防晒指数measurementonsunscreensreferstotheUVBprotectionlevel—andthenumbermaynotmeanwhatyouthinkitdoes.SPF15doesn’tprotectyoufrom15%ofUVBraysjustasSPF100doesn’tprotectyoufrom100%oftherays.InfactasyougetintothehighernumberedSPFsunscreensthink:50andabovethedifferenceinUVBprotectionisactuallyprettysmall.TheoreticallythoughtheincreaseinUVBprotectionwithasuper-highSPFsunscreenmaybenotworthconsideringitmayhelpandcertainlycan’thurttouseit—thatisaslongasyoudosocorrectly.Theonlydownsideiswhetheryou’regivingyourselfasenseoffalsesecurityDr.Goharasays.IndeedasDr.WangalsopointedoutwhenpeoplechooseincreasedSPFstheymayactuallyfeelsoprotectedbytheproductthattheyfinallyignorepropersunprotection.WhenpeopleusereallyhighSPFproductstheytendnottoreusetheytendtostayoutinthesunmuchlongerandtheydon’tuseotherprotectivemeasuressuchasclothingandhatshesays.RegardlessofanyincreaseinprotectionthatahighSPFmayormaynotofferonethingiscertain:Itdoesn’tgiveyourbodyafreepassfromsunburnsagingorcancersanditdoesn’tprotectyoufromthosethingsforanygreaterlengthoftimethanthelowerSPFoptions.BothDr.WangandDr.GoharaemphasizedthatnomatterwhattheSPFisit’simportanttoreapplyyoursunscreeneverytwohours.32.Whatrayscancauseskincanceraccordingtothetext?A.UVB.UVAC.UVBD.UVA&UVB33.WhatcanweknowaboutSPFfromParagraph1?A.IttellsustheUVBprotectionlevel.B.It’sbettertousehighernumberedSPF.C.SPA100meanspreventing100%rays.D.There’sabigdifferencebetweenSPF50andabovE.34.WhichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedworddownsideinParagraph2?A.protectionB.disadvantageC.resultD.method35.Whyareweadvisedtoreapplyoursunscreeneverytwohours?A.WechoosetoolowSPFproducts.B.ThehigherSPFcanmakeusstayoutsidelonger.C.Clothingandhatsarenotenoughforsunprotection.D.Itcan’tcompletelyprotectusfromagingsunburnsorcancers.
CarHireHiringaself-drivecarreallyaddstotheenjoymentofyourholiday.Therearesomanyplacesofinteresttovisitandifyouenjoyseeingmorethanjustthecitycenterthere'snobetterwaytoexplorethanbycar.HireChargesWhat'sincludedaUnlimitedmileage英里数bExpensesonoilmaintenance保养andrepairswhichwillberepaidonproductionofinvoicescFullinsurance保险exceptpersonalaccidentseebelowandcontents.What'snotincludedaPersonalaccidentinsurancE.bGaragingpetrolparkingandtrafficfines.ConditionsofHire★Theshortestrentalperiodatthesespeciallowpricesisthreedays.Forpricesforperiodsofoneortwodaysyouonlyseeourrepresentative代理人atthehotel.★CarhiremustbebookedsixweeksormorebeforearrivalinLondontoguaranteeacar.Butifyouhavebeenunabletomakeabookinginadvancepleaseseeourrepresentativeatthehotelwhomaystillbeabletohelpyou.★ThecartypesonthesheetareexamplesofthetypesofcarsineachpricerangebutaparticularcarcannotbeguaranteeD.★Upondeliverythedriverswillbeaskedtosignthecarhirecompany'sConditionsofHirE.★IfyoudecidetohireacarjustfillintheBookingFormandreturnittous.A.bookingfeeof￡12aspartofthecarhirecostisrequireD.★Shouldyoubeforcedtocancelyourcarhirebookingafterpaymentinfulltwoweeksbeforedateofhireacancellationchargeof￡12willbemadE.25.Fromtheadvertisementwecanseeacarhirerwillpay_________.A.insuranceagainstdamagetothecarB.insuranceagainstinjurytothedriverC.thecostofmaintenanceofthecarD.thecostofrepairstothecar26.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtruejudgingfromtheadvertisement?A.Suchanadvertisementmostlikelyappearsinanewspaper.B.Youshouldhaveadrivinglicensewhenyouhireacarfromthecompany.C.Whenyouhireacarfromthecompanyadriverwillgotogetherwithyou.D.Youhavetopayabookingfeewhenyouhireacarfromthecompany.27.Ifcarhirerschangetheirmindsafterpayingthewholecostofhiringthe￡12bookingfeeis________.A.partlyreturnedB.doublypaidC.notreturnedatallD.returnedwithinsixweeks28.Thepricesforcarhireareespeciallylowwhen________.A.itisbookedforatleastthreedaysB.itisbookedtwoweeksinadvanceC.itisbookedfortwodaysD.thebookingismadeinLondon
Whileastronautsinspacegettodomanyexcitingthingstheymissoutonordinarythingsthatwealltakeforgranted—beingabletowalkonfirmgroundhangingoutwithfamilyanddiggingintoasliceofhotsteamingpizzA.Thoughnotmuchcanbedoneaboutthefirsttwothingstheremaysoonbeasolutiontothethirdonethankstothiscool3-Dpizzaprinter!AboutayearagoNASAoffered$125000toAnjanContractora3-DtechnologyexperttobuildadevicethatwouldallowastronautstomakepizzaondemanD.Themechanicalengineerpromisedthathisinventionwouldproducepiesinlargequantitiesthatlookedtastedandevensmelledlikepizzamadeincommonovens.Latelastyeartheengineerpresentedavideoofhisfirstprototype原型thatbeginsbycreatingasinglesliceofdough面团thatiscookedandprintedatthesametimE.Thencomesthetomatosauce—amixoftomatopowderoilandwaterandfinallyaproteinslicethatresemblescheesE.Whilethevideodoesn’tshowthebakingprocesstheinventorsaysthatoncethepizzaisprinteditcanbereadytobeconsumed消耗in7seconds.WhilethepieinthevideolooksdeliciousenoughtoattractanypizzaloverAnjanContractorisfarfromreadyforastronauts.That’sbecausehestillhastofindasolutiontomakethefoodcontainerintheprinterlastfor30years.Thoughthatmaysoundunrealisticactuallyitisnot.AnjanContractorbelievesthattheonlywaythatispossibleisthatthewaterisremovedfromalltheingredientsandthentheyarereducedtothepowderform.Thisasyoucanimaginewillnotbesoeasy.Butwhiletheprintermaynotbereadyforspaceitcertainlylooksreadyenoughforpeopleonearth.HopefullyNASAandContractorwillconsidersellingittothosenotfortunateenoughtogotoMars!12.Whydoestheauthormentionthethingsthatastronautsinspacecannotdo?A.ToaskusnottotakecommonthingsforgranteD.B.ToshowtheyliveadifficultlifetherE.C.ToshowtheirlifeisboringinspacE.D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.13.NASAoffered$125000toAnjanContractormainlyto________.A.createsomenewtypeof3-DprinterB.attractmorecompaniestoworkforNASAC.helpastronautsinspaceenjoyfreshpizzaonedayD.producepizzainlargequantitiestoearngreatprofits14.ThebiggestchallengethatAnjanContractorisfacedwithnowisprobablythat________.A.hehasnomoneylefttogoonwithhisresearchB.thepizzadoesn’tseemappetizingtopizzaloversC.hehasnowaytomakepizzathatcanlastforthirtyyearsD.hecannotmakethefoodcontainerlastfordecades15.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.NASAistryingitsbesttohelpastronautseatbetterB.AstronautsmaysoonbeabletoenjoysteaminghotpizzaC.NASAisworkingonmakingpizzaforcommonpeopleD.A.3-Dpizzaprinterhasbeenusedtomakepizza
ThelatestresearchsuggeststhatthekeyfactorseparatinggeniusesfromthemerelyaccomplishedisnotI.Q.agenerallybadpredictorofsuccess.Insteadit’spurposefulpracticE.Topperformersspendmorehourspractisingtheircraft.Ifyouwantedtopicturehowatypicalgeniusmightdevelopyou’dtakeagirlwhopossessedaslightlyaboveaveragelanguageability.Itwouldn’thavetobeabigtalentjustenoughsothatshemightgainsomesenseofdistinction.Thenyouwouldwanthertomeetsayanovelistwhocoincidentallysharedsomesimilarqualities.Maybethewriterwasfromthesametownhadthesamefamilybackgroundorsharedthesamebirthday.Thiscontactwouldgivethegirlavisionofherfutureself.Itwouldgivehersomeideaofafascinatingcirclewhomightsomedayjoin.Itwouldalsohelpifoneofherparentsdiedwhenshewas12givingherastrongsenseofinsecurityandfuellingadesperateneedforsuccess.ArmedwiththisambitionshewouldreadnovelsandlifestoriesofwriterswithoutenD.ThiswouldgiveheraprimaryknowledgeofherfielD.Shewouldbeabletoseenewwritingindeeperwaysandquicklyunderstanditsinnerworkings.Thenshewouldpractisewriting.Herpracticewouldbeslowpainstakinganderror-focuseD.Bypractisinginthiswayshedelaystheautomatingprocess.Hermindwantstoturnconsciousnewlylearnedskillsintounconsciousautomaticallyperformedskills.BypractisingslowlybybreakingskillsdownintotinypartsandrepeatingsheforcesthebraintointernalizeabetterpatternofperformancE.Thenshewouldfindanadviserwhowouldprovideaconstantstreamoffeedbackviewingherperformanceformtheoutsidecorrectingthesmallesterrorspushinghertotakeontougherchallenges.Bynowsheisredoingproblems—howdoIgetcharactersintoaroom—dozensanddozensoftimes.Sheisestablishinghabitsofthoughtshecancalluponinordertounderstandorsolvefutureproblems.Theprimaryqualityouryoungwriterpossessesisnotsomemysteriousgenius.It’stheabilitytodevelopapurposefullaboriousandboringpracticeroutine;thelatestresearchtakessomeofthemagicoutofgreatachievement.ButitunderlinesafactthatisoftenneglecteD.Publicdiscussionisaffectedbygeneticsandwhatwe’rehard-wiredtodo.Andit’struethatgenesplayaroleinourcapabilities.ButthebrainisalsoveryplastiC.Weconstructourselvesthroughbehavior.56.Thepassagemainlydealswith.A.thefunctionofI.Q.incultivatingawriterB.therelationshipbetweengeniusandsuccessC.thedecisivefactorinmakingageniusD.thewayofgainingsomesenseofdistinction57.Byreadingnovelsandwriters’storiesthegirlcould.A.cometounderstandtheinnerstructureofwritingB.joinafascinatingcircleofwriterssomedayC.sharewithanovelistherlikesanddislikesD.learnfromthelivingexamplestoestablishasenseofsecurity58.Inthegirl’slongpainstakingtrainingprocess________.A.heradviserformsaprimarychallengingforcetohersuccess.B.herwritingturnsintoanautomaticpatternofperformanceC.sheacquiresthemagicofsomegreatachievementD.shecomestorealizesheishard-wiredtowrite59.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.A.fuellingambitionplaysaleadingroleinone’ssuccessB.A.responsibleadviserismoreimportantthantheknowledgeofwriting.C.AstothegrowthofageniusI.Q.doesn’tmatterbutjusthis/hereffort.D.WhatreallymattersiswhatyoudoratherthanwhoyouarE.
ResearchersfromFranceandItalydiscoveredthatCanadianparentsarelessstrictwiththeirchildrenthanmothersandfathersinFranceandItaly.OurmostimportantfindingwasthedifferencebetweenCanadiansandtheotherssaidProfessorMichelClaestheleadauthorofthestudy.Canadiansfocusonindependenceandnegotiation.OntheotherhandItaliansforexampleexercisemorecontrol.WefoundCanadiansseemtofocusonnegotiationincaseofaconflict.ClaessaidCanadaFranceandItalywereselectedforthestudybecausetheyshareimportantculturalandsocialfactors.WechoseFrenchCanadiansbecausetheysharethesamelanguageasFranceandoriginallycamefromFranceandsharecertainvalues.ItalywasincludedbecauseitwasconsideredtohavesimilarstrongandimportantfamilyvaluesheexplaineD.Theresearchersexaminedtheemotionaltiesbetweenparentsandtheirchildrenbyquestioning1256studentsaged11to19yearsolD.Canadianstudentsreportedlesscontrolandmorefreeactionsaccordingtothestudy.ItalianparentswerestricterandFrenchparentsweresomewhereinthemiddlE.ClaesexplainsthatthedifferenceslieineducationinCanadaFranceandItaly.NorthAmericahasitsowneducationalvalueswhichpromoteindividualization.Toleranceandcomprehensionareencouraged.Italyontheotherhandpromotesrespectofauthoritycontrolandtheneedforpermission.hesaiD.Childrenfromallthreecountriesdescribedtheirmothersaswarmandcommunicative.ItalianandCanadianchildrenhadsimilarfeelingsabouttheirfathersandreportedhighlevelsofemotionalties.ButFrenchfathersweregenerallythoughtbytheirchildrentobemoredistantandcolD.WeweresurprisedbythisClaesadmitteD.ItseemsasthoughtherelationshipsbetweenFrenchmothersandtheirchildrenwerebecomingcloserovertimewhilefathersmaintainaformofdistanceandcoldnesswhichismoreofasourceofconflictinFrancethanintheothercountries.21.ProfessorMichelClaesbelievesthatCanadaFranceandItaly________.A.havethesamefamilyspiritB.havesomesimilarculturaltraditionsC.haveexperiencedsomesimilarsocialchangesD.haveexperiencedsimilarculturaldevelopments22.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.BycollectinganswersofparentsfromCanadaFranceandItaly.B.BycollectinganswersofchildrenfromCanadaFranceandItaly.C.ByquestioningparentsandtheirchildrenfromItalianCanadianfamilies.D.ByquestioningchildrenfromFrenchCanadianfamilies.23.AccordingtoMichelClaeswhatmainlyleadstothedifferencesinparentchildrenrelationshipsamongCanadaFranceandItaly?A.Educationalopportunities.B.Traditionalideas.C.Educationalvalues.D.Historicalevents.
Nuclearpower's核能的dangertohealthsafetyandevenlifeitselfcanbedescribedinoneword;radiation辐射.Nuclearradiationhasacertainmysteryaboutitpartlybecauseitcannotbedetected探测byhumansenses.Itcan'tbeseenorheardortouchedortastedeventhoughitmaybeallaroundus.Thereareotherthingslikethat.Forexampleradiowavesareallaroundusbutwecan'tdetectthemsensethemwithoutaradioreceiver.Similarlywecan'tsenseradioactivitywithoutaradiationdetector.Butunlikecommonradiowavesnuclearradiationisnotharmlesstohumanbeingsandotherlivingthings.Atveryhighlevelsradiationcankillananimalorhumanbeingoutrightbykillingmassesofcells细胞inimportantorgans器官.ButeventhelowestlevelscandoseriousdamagE.ThereisnolevelofradiationthatiscompletelysafE.Iftheradiationdoesnothitanythingimportantthedamagemaynotbesignificant.Thisisthecasewhenonlyafewcellsarehitandiftheyarekilledoutright.Yourbodywillreplacethedeadcellswithhealthyones.ButifthefewcellsareonlydamagedandiftheyreproducethemselvesyoumaybeintroublE.Theyreproducethemselvesinanunusualway.Theycangrowintocancer.Sometimesthisdoesnotshowupformanyyears.Thisisanotherreasonforsomeofthemysteryaboutnuclearradiation.SeriousdamagecanbedonewithouttheknowledgeofthepersonatthetimethatdamagehasoccurreD.A.personcanbeirradiated放射治疗andfeelfinethendieofcancerfivetenortwentyyearslaterasaresult.Orachildcanbebornweakoreasytogetseriousillnessasaresultofradiationabsorbedbyitsgrandparents.Radiationcanhurtus.Wemustknowthetruth.32.Accordingtothepassagethedangerofnuclearpowerliesin__________.A.nuclearmysteryB.radiationdetectionC.radiationlevelD.nuclearradiation33.Radiationcanleadtoseriousresultsevenatthelowestlevel________.A.whenitkillsfewcellsB.ifitdamagesfewcellsC.thoughthedamagedcellscanrepairthemselvesD.unlessthedamagedcellscanreproducethemselves34.Radiationcanhurtusinthewaythatitcan_____.A.killlargenumbersofcellsinmainorganssoastocausedeathimmediatelyB.damagecellswhichmaygrowintocanceryearslaterC.affectthehealthygrowthofouryoungergenerationD.leadtoalloftheaboveresults35.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestinferredfromthepassage?A.Theimportanceofprotectionfromradiationcannotbeoveremphasized过分强调.B.ThemysteryaboutradiationremainsunsolveD.C.Cancerismainlycausedbyradiation.D.Radiationcanhurtthosewhodonotknowaboutitsdanger.
IsThereLifeonEarth?TherewasgreatexcitementontheplanetofVenus金星thisweek.ForthefirsttimeVenusianscientistsmanagedtolandasatelliteontheplanetEarthandithasbeensendingbacksignalsaswellasphotographseversincE.ThesatellitewasdirectedintoanareaknownasManhattannamedafterthegreatVenusianastronomerProf.Manhattanwhofirstdiscovereditwithhistelescope20000lightyearsago.BecauseofexcellentweatherconditionsandextremelystrongsignalsVenusianscientistswereabletogetvaluableinformationastofeasibility可行性ofamannedflyingsaucer碟landingonEarth.A.pressconferencewasheldattheVenusInstituteofTechnology.Wehavecometotheconclusionbasedonlastweek’ssatellitelandingProf.ZogsaidthatthereisnolifeonEarth.Howdoyouknowthis?thesciencereporteroftheVenusEveningStaraskeD.ForonethingEarth’ssurfaceintheareaofManhattanismadeupofsolidconcreteandnothingcangrowtherE.Foranothertheatmosphereisfilledwithcarbonmonoxide一氧化碳andotherdeadlygasesandnobodycouldpossiblybreathetheairandsurvivE.Whatdoesthismeanasfarasourflyingsaucerprogramisconcerned?WeshallhavetotakeourownoxygenwithuswhichmeansamuchheavierflyingsaucerthanoriginallyplanneD.Arethereanyotherdangersthatyoudiscoveredinyourstudies?Takealookatthisphoto.Youseethisdarkblackcloudhovering盘旋overthesurfaceofEarth?WecallthistheConsolidatedEdisonBelt.Wedon’tknowwhatitismadeofbutitcouldgiveusalotoftroubleandweshallhavetomakefurthertestsbeforewesendaVenusBeingtherE.Overhereyouwillnoticewhatseemstobeariverbutthesatellitefindingsindicateitispollutedandthewaterisunfittodrink.Thismeansweshallhavetocarryourownwaterwhichwilladdevengreaterweighttothesaucer.Sirwhatareallthosetinyblackspotsonthephotographs?Wearenotcertain.Theyseemtobemetalparticles粒子thatmovealongcertainpaths.Theyemitgasesmakenoiseandkeepcrashingintoeachother.TherearesomanyofthesepathsandsomanymetalparticlesthatitisimpossibletolandaflyingsaucerwithoutitsbeingsmashedbyoneWhatarethosestalagmite石笋projectionsstickingup?Theyaresomeofgraniteformationsthatgiveofflightatnight.Prof.Glomhasnamedthemskyscraperssincetheyseemtobescrapingtheskies.Ifallyousayistruewon’tthissetbacktheflyingsaucerprogramseveralyears?YesbutweshallcontinueassoonastheGrubstartgivesustheaddedfunds.Prof.ZogwhyarewespendingbillionsandbillionsofzilchestolandaflyingsauceronEarthwhenthereisnolifethere?BecauseifweVenusianscanlearntobreatheinanEarthatmospherethenwecanliveanywherE.12.AccordingtoProf.ZogtheVenusianswillhavetotaketheirownoxygenwiththemwhentheycarryouttheirflyingsaucerprogrambecause.A.theyneeditontheirwaytotheplanetofearth.B.theearth’satmosphereisfilledwithdeadlygases.C.oxygenisfarfromenoughintheareaofManhattanD.thereisnoairontheplanetofEarth13.Thedarkblackcloudinthe10thparagraphindicates.A.thepollutedairhoveringoverthesurfaceofEarthB.themassoftinydropsofwaterfloatingaboveEarthC.themassofsmallthingsmovingthroughtheairD.thedarkcloudsgatheringbeforeastormbreaks14.Theauthorwishestocallourattentiontothefactthat____.A.modernmanhaspollutedhisenvironmenttosuchanextentthathemaydestroyhimselfifhecarriesonlikethisB.thereisnopointinspendingbillionsandbillionsofzilchestolandaflyingsauceronEarthC.pollutionhasbecomesoseriousaproblemonEarththatevenVenusiansfindlifethereunbearablE.D.itisdifficultifnotaltogetherimpossibletolandamannedflyingsauceronEarth.15.Thetoneofthisessayis.A.hopelessandobjectiveB.seriousandcritical批评的C.humorousandsatirical讽刺的D.sensitiveandsubjective
Homeopathyistheoldestformofcomplementary互补的andalternativemedicinesfromEuropE.ItoriginatedwiththeGermanphysicianSamuelHahnemann1755—1843.HecameacrossthecinchonathebarkofaSouthAmericantreethatwasusedbythelocalpeopletotreatfevers.Amongtheactiveingredientsinthebarkisquinine奎宁whichisstillusedtotreatmalariA.Ifahealthypersontookcinchonaheorshewouldhavesymptoms症状ofmalariA.In1796and1810Hahnemannpublishedessaysonthetheoriesofhomeopathy:substancesthatcauseillnessesorsymptomsinpeoplecanbeusedinsmalldosesastreatment.Supportersofhomeopathyvieweditasasafepatient-centeredsystem.Hahnemannclaimedhecouldcureanyandallillnessesusinghomeopathicprinciples.HowevertheAustraliancouncilsoughttoevaluatethisclaimonceandforall.Theirassessmentwasbasedontheanalysisof57publishedsystematicreviewsencompassing176individualstudiesindependentevaluationofevidenceprovidedbyhomeopathyinterestgroupsandthepublicandclinicalpracticeguidelinesandreportsonhomeopathyfromothergovernments.Studieswereonlyconsiderediftheywerecase-controlledmeaningtheycomparedagroupofpatientsreceivinghomeopathictreatmentswithacontrolgroup.Thecouncilwhooversawthisreviewconsistedofexpertsinconventional-basedmedicineaswellascomplementaryandalternativemedicines.Asaguidelineforatreatmenttobeconsideredeffectiveitmustresultinhealthimprovementsthatcannotbeexplainedbytheplacebo安慰剂effecttheseimprovementsmustbemeaningfulforaperson’soverallhealthandtheresultshavetobeseenconsistentlyinseveralstudies.A.draftofthereportwasreviewedbyagroupofindependentexpertsincomplementarymedicineresearchandopenedupforpublicconsultationbeforeitwasfinalizeD.EventuallythecouncilfoundnoreliableevidencethathomeopathictreatmentswereeffectivE.Studiesthatdidfindhomeopathytobeeffectivewereoverallofpoorscientificqualityusedtoofewpatientsorlackedevidenceonwhichtobasetheirconclusions.Rejectingprovenmedicaltreatmentsinfavorofhomeopathyforchronicorpotentiallyseriousconditionscouldplacepeopleatrisk.Asalwaysuseofhomeopathicorotherremediesshouldbediscussedwithyourphysicianinordertomakeinformedhealthcaredecisions.58.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethathomeopathyisasystemofmedicineinwhich__________.A.patientsaregivenverysmallamountsofadrugthatproducessymptomsinhealthypeopleB.patientsareevaluatedbyusingverysmallamountsofthesubstancecausingillnessorsymptomsC.patientswouldhavesymptomsofmalariaiftheytookcinchonaD.patientsrelyingonhomeopathycanexplaintheirhealthimprovementsbytheplaceboeffect59.Theunderlinedwordencompassingcanmostprobablybereplacedby__________.A.encouragingB.searchingC.conductingD.including60.WhenevaluatinghomeopathictreatmentstheAustraliancouncilwasmostconcernedabout_____.A.thesourceofthedatatobeanalyzedB.thecriteriaofaneffectivetreatmentC.theobjectivityandreliabilityoftheevaluationD.theexpertsinvolvedintheevaluation61.WhichofthefollowingreasonsfortheineffectivenessofhomeopathictreatmentsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.StudiesabouthomeopathictreatmentswerenotscientificallyaccuratE.B.Hahnemann’stheoriesabouthomeopathictreatmentsgotnoresponsE.C.ConclusionsofhomeopathictreatmentswereshortofsolidevidencE.D.Blinduseofhomeopathictreatmentsmightputpeopleindanger.
WhileIQIntelligenceQuotienttellsyouhowsmartyouarE.EQEmotionalQuotienttellsyouhowwellyouuseyoursmartness.ProfessorSaloverythepsychologistwhocreatedthetermEQsaysthatitisIQthatgetsyouhiredbutitisEQthatgetsyoupromoteD.Supportedbyhisresearchhesuggestedthatwhenpredictingfuturesuccessesaperson’sbrainpowerasmeasuredbyIQtestsmightactuallymatterlessthanaperson’scharacterorEQ.ProfessorSaloverymaybecorrect.Forexamplehaveyoueverwonderedwhysomeofthebestandsmarteststudentsinyourclassendupfailingexams?PerhapsitisbecauseoftheirEQ.PeopleoftenmakethemistakeofthinkingthatEQistheoppositeofIQ.Itisnot.AlthoughitishopedthatpeoplehavebothhighEQsandIQsthereislittledoubtthatthosewithlowEQshaveahardtimesurvivinginlifE.Foralongtimeresearchersdiscussedifaperson’sIQcouldberaiseD.Thegeneticistssaidnowhilethesocialscientistssaidyes.Furthermorethesocialscientistssaidthatitwaspossibletoimproveaperson’sEQparticularlyintermsofpeopleskillssuchasunderstandingandcommunication.Recentlyaprofessorreleasedthefindingsofastudyonseniorhighschoolstudents.Whensomenormalstudentswereintroducedtosomedisabledstudentstheyfoundthatafterwardstheyweremorewillingtohelppeopleindifficulties.Atthesametimetherewasamarkedchangeinthedisabledstudents’attitudes.Theybecamemorepositiveabouttheirdisabilitiesandweremoreeagertotrynewthings.PeoplewithhighEQsoftenhavepositiveattitudestowardslifeandareopentodifferentideassotheytendtobemorecreativeintheirthinking.PleaserememberthathavingahighIQishelpfulbuthavingahighEQmightevenbemorehelpful.37.AccordingtoProfessorSaloverywhatfactormattersthemostinpredictingwhetherapersonwillbesuccessfulornot?A.Howapersontestshis/herbrainpower.B.A.person’scharacter.C.Howsmartapersonis.D.A.person’sIQ.38.Thesecondparagraphtellsusthat__________.A.peoplewhohaveahighIQalwayshaveahighEQB.EQistheoppositeofIQC.peoplewhohavealowEQtendtohaveahardlifeD.peoplewhohaveahighEQalwayshaveahighIQ39.Whichofthefollowingisthewriter’sattitudetowardEQandIQ?A.IQismorehelpfultopeoplethanEQ.B.IQcanberaisedbyunderstandingandcommunication.C.EQcangetpeoplehireD.D.A.highEQisofgreatbenefitingettingpeoplepromoteD.40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.A.person’sbrainpower.B.IQEQandsuccess.C.IQandaperson’scharacter.D.A.person’sIQandEQ.
WarmweatherbroughtbyElNiñohashadmixedeffectsonanimalsinusuallysnowyplacesinNorthAmericaincludingNewEnglandaccordingtoanAssociatedPressarticlE.SomeanimalsseemtobenefitfromhavingachancetogathermorefoodbeforewinterandfromexpendinglessenergyindailysurvivalmodE.Otherslikesnowshoeharesareputatcenterstageinpredators’捕食者viewwhentheylacksnowfordisguisingtheirwhitefur—notagoodthingforthemofcoursE.Blackbearsontheotherhandhavebeenkeepingbusygatheringnutsandappleswhentheywouldnormallyhavesettledintotheirwinterhomesbynow.VermontandMassachusettsofficialshaveaskedresidentstowaittillsnowfallstotakeouttheirbirdfeedersforthesakeofsafetythearticlesaiD.Wesuggestwaitingfor6ormoreinchesofsnowthatlastsbeforetakingoutyourbirdfeedersespeciallyifyouhavebeenvisitedinthepastbybearsoriftherearesightingsofbearsinyourneighborhoodForrestHammondVermontFishandWildlife’sbearbiologistsaidinthearticlE.Duetolackofsnowandfrozengroundbirdsareabletoseekfoodinfieldsandforestsfortheirnaturalfoods.Snowamountscanalsodeterminehowcomfortablebearsareandhowquicklytheyconsumetheiraccumulatedfatduringhibernation冬眠notedHammondinthearticlE.Thisisbecausesnowcoversandtrapsthemintheirwinterhomesandalsohidesthemfrompredators.8.WhatmayupsetsnowshoeharesbecauseofElNiño?A.Theirbeingcaughtmoreeasily.B.TheirfailingtogathermorefooD.C.Theirconsumingmoreenergy.D.Theirlosingsightoftheirenemies.9.Whydidtheofficialsaskpeopletokeepbirdfeedersuntilsnowfalls?A.Theymaydisturbbears.B.There’snoneedtodoso.C.Toavoidattractingbears.D.Forthesafetyofbears.10.Whatdothebearbiologist’swordsimply?A.Aheavysnowisontheway.B.Bearsarecommonnowadays.C.Bearslivemainlyonbirdsinwinter.D.Warmweatherbenefitsbirdsinwinter.11.Whichofthefollowingisthepropertitleforthepassage?A.WarmWeatherHelpsAnimalsSurviveB.SnowAmountsDetermineAnimals’WinterLifeC.MeasuresShouldBeTakentoProtectWildlifeD.LackofSnowAffectsNorthAmericanAnimals
Everfeellikeyou’vebeenhitontheheadafterabadnight’ssleep?Accordingtoscientiststhethoughtisn’tasunbelievableasitseems.AstudyfoundgoingwithoutsleepforjustonenightcauseschangesinthebrainsimilartothosethatoccurafterablowtotheheaD.TheresearcherssaidthehealthyyoungmenexaminedinthestudyshowedasuddenincreaseinthesamechemicalswhichindicatebraindamagE.ProfessorChristianBenedictofUppsalaUniversitySwedenexplainedthatthechemicalsNSEandS-100Barebiomarkers生物指标forbraindamagesuchasconcussion脑震荡.HesaidWhatwefoundwastheirlevelsinthebloodroseinthegroupthatwentwithoutsleepforanight.Thiswasnottotheextentthatwouldhappenafteraheadinjuryforinstancebutitwasstillsignificant.Duringsleepthebraincleanspoisonoussubstancesoffitself.BenedictalsosaidpreviousstudieswhichlinkedalackofsleepwithincreasedriskofAlzheimer’sParkinson’sandmultiplesclerosiscouldapplaudhisstudy.TheriseofthechemicalsinthebloodaftersleeplossmaysuggestnotgettingenoughsleepcontributestoalossofbraintissueheexplaineD.BenedictwhosestudyispublishedinthejournalSleepaddedInconclusionthefindingsofourexperimentindicateagoodnight’ssleepmaybecriticaltomaintainingbrainhealth.AthirdoftheUKpopulationsufferfromsleep-relatedproblemswhiletheaveragepersonnowsleepsforonlysevenhoursanightcomparedwithalmostnineafewdecadesago.Manyscientistsbelieveirregularsleepingpatternsleadtoillnessesrangingfromachesandpainstoheartdiseasewhilelessthaneighthours’sleepanightcanlowertheIQthenextday.28.Ifyoudon’tsleepforanightwhatwillhappen?A.NSEandS-100BwillincreasE.B.Thebraindamagewillbelikeaheadinjury.C.Youwillsufferfromconcussion.D.Thebrainwillgetridofpoisonoussubstances.29.Whatdoweknowaboutpreviousstudies?A.Theyfoundreasonsforbraindisorders.B.TheirfindingswerepublishedinSleep.C.TheyweresupportedbyBenedict’sstudy.D.Theyfocusedonbrainhealth.30.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.UKpeoplehavetheworstsleep.B.Man’sintelligenceisaffectedbysleepinaway.C.Peopleweresmarterinthepast.D.Alackofsleepcausesallbrain-relatedproblems.31.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Eighthours’sleepisimportant.B.Regularsleepingpatternsimprovehealth.C.SleeplossisclosetoablowtotheheaD.D.Humanbrainsworkduringsleep.
Cowboyorspaceman?A.dilemmaforachildren’spartyperhaps.ButalsoaquestionforeconomistsarguedKennethBouldingaBritisheconomistinanessaypublishedin1966.Wehaverunoureconomieshewarnedlikecowboysontheopengrassland:takingandusingtheworld’sresourcesconfidentthatmoreliesoverthehorizon.ButtheEarthislessagrasslandthanaspaceship—aclosedsystemaloneinspacecarryinglimitedsupplies.WeneedsaidBouldinganeconomicsthattakesseriouslytheideaofenvironmentallimits.Inthehalfcenturysincehisessayanewmovementhasrespondedtohischallenge.Ecologicaleconomistsastheycallthemselveswanttorevolutioniseitsaimsandassumptions.Whatdotheysay—andwilltheirideasachievelift-off?Toitsadvocatorsecologicaleconomicsisneitherecologynoreconomicsbutamixofboth.TheirstartingpointistorecognisethatthehumaneconomyispartofthenaturalworlD.Ourenvironmenttheynoteisbothasourceofresourcesandasinkforwastes.Butitisignoredinconventionaltextbookswhereneatdiagramstracetheflowsbetweenfirmshouseholdsandthegovernmentasthoughnaturedidnotexist.Thatisamistakesayecologicaleconomists.Therearetwowaysoureconomiescangrowecologicaleconomistspointout:throughtechnologicalchangeorthroughmoreintensiveuseofresources.Onlytheformertheysayisworthhaving.TheyaresuspiciousofGDPacrudemeasurewhichdoesnottakeaccountofresourceexhaustionunpaidworkandcountlessotherfactors.Initsplacetheyadvocatemoreholistic全面的approachessuchastheGenuineProgressIndicatorGPIacompositeindex复合指标thatincludesthingslikethecostofpollutiondeforestationandcaraccidents.WhileGDPhaskeptgrowingglobalGPIperpersonpeakedin1978:bydestroyingourenvironmentwearemakingourselvespoorernotricher.ThesolutionsaysHermanDalyaformerWorldBankeconomistandeco-guruisasteady-stateeconomywheretheuseofmaterialsandenergyisheldconstant.MainstreameconomistsareunimpresseD.TheGPItheypointoutisasubjectivemeasurE.AndtalkoflimitstogrowthhashadabadpresssincethedaysofThomasMalthusagloomy18thcenturyclericwhopredictedwronglythatoverpopulationwouldleadtofaminE.Humanbeingsfindsolutionstosomeofthemostannoyingproblems.Butecologicaleconomistswarnagainstself-satisfaction.In2009apaperinNatureascientificjournalarguedthathumanactivityisalreadyoversteppingsafeplanetaryboundariesonissuessuchasbiodiversity生物多样性andclimatechangE.Thatsuggeststhatecologicaleconomistsareatleastaskingsomeimportantquestionseveniftheiranswersturnouttobewrong.74.KennethBouldingandthecontentofhisessayatthebeginningofthispassagearemeantto.A.pointouthowignorantofnaturethecowboysareB.blamehumanbeingsfortheirexploitationofnatureC.askpeopletotakeseriouslytheenvironmentlimitsD.introduceecologicaleconomistsandecologisteconomics75.Accordingtoecologicaleconomistswhatisthemistakeexistinginconventionaltextbooks?A.EcologyandeconomicsarenotmixedtogetherB.Humaneconomyisn’trecognizedaspartsofnatureC.TheenvironmenthasbothresourcesandwastesD.Diagramsconnectfirmshouseholdsandthegovernment76.ThecomparisonbetweenGDPandGPIdatain1978haswarnedusthat.A.GDPiscrudemeasurethatisnotworthusingB.caraccidentshouldbyallmeansincludeinGDPC.wearegainingmaterialwealthbydestroyingnatureD.resourcesandenergywillonedaybetotallyusedup77.Whichinthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagree?A.theaimsandassumptionsofeconomicsneedtoberevolutionizedB.GDPandGPIshouldbebothacceptedbymainstreameconomistsC.HumanbeingscanalwaysfindsolutionstoalltheannoyingproblemsD.Ecologicaleconomists’concernsabouttheworldareworthnoticing.
Antidepressant抗忧郁drugssuchasProzacwereviewedintheearly1900'saswonderpillsthatwouldremovedepressivebluesforgooD.ButinthepastfiveyearsgrowingscientificevidencehasshownthesedrugsworkforonlyaminorityofpeoplE.Andnowaresearchjournalsaysthattheseantidepressantscanmakemanypatients'depressionworsE.Thisalarmingsuggestioncentresontheverychemicalthatistargetedbyantidepressants-serotonin血清素.DrugssuchasProzacareknownasselectiveserotoninre-uptakeinhibitorsorSSRIs.Theiraimistoincreasethelevelofthisfeel-goodchemicalinthebrain.ButthenewresearchpublishedinthejournalFrontiersInEvolutionaryPsychologypointsoutthatserotoninislikeachemicalSwissArmyknifeperformingaverywiderangeofjobsinthebrainandbody.Andwhenwestartchangingserotoninlevelspurposelyitmaycauseawiderangeofunwantedeffects.Thesecanincludedigestiveproblemsandevenearlydeathsinolderpeopleaccordingtothestudy'sleadresearcherPaulAndrews.WeneedtobemuchmorecautiousaboutuseofthesedrugssaysAndrewsanassistantprofessorofevolutionarypsychologyatMcMasterUniversityinOntarioCanadA.PreviousresearchhassuggestedthatthedrugsprovidelittlebenefitformostpeoplewithmilddepressionandactivelyhelponlyafewofthemostseverelydepresseD.FamouspsychologistIrvingKirschhasfoundthatformanypatientsSSRIsarenomoreeffectivethanaplacebopill.A.researchin2010onDanishchildrenfoundasmallbutsignificantincreaseintheriskofheartproblemsamongbabieswhosemothershadusedSSRIsinearlypregnancy怀孕.Thekeytounderstandingtheseside-effectsisserotoninsaysAndrews.SerotoninisalsothereasonwhypatientscanoftenendupfeelingstillmoredepressedaftertheyhavefinishedacourseofSSRIdrugs.HearguesthatSSRIantidepressantsdisturbthebrainleavingthepatientanevengreaterdepressionthanbeforE.AfterlongusewhenapatientstopstakingSSRIsthebrainwillloweritslevelsofserotoninproductionhesaysaddingthatitalsochangesthewayreceptorsinthebrainrespondtoserotoninmakingthebrainlesssensitivetothechemical.Thesechangesarebelievedtobetemporarybutstudiesindicatethattheeffectsmaycontinueforuptotwoyears.MostdisturbinglyofallAndrews'reviewfeaturesthreerecentstudieswhichhesaysshowthatelderlyantidepressantusersaremorelikelytodieearlierthannon-usersevenaftertakingotherimportantvariablesintoaccount.OnestudypublishedintheBritishMedicalJournallastyearfoundpatientsgivenSSRIsweremorethan4percentmorelikelytodieinthenextyearthanthosenotonthedrugs.SerotoninisanancientchemicalsaysAndrews.Itisregulatingmanydifferentprocessesandwhenyoudisturbthesethingsyoucanexpectthatitisgoingtocausesomeharm.StaffordLightmanprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofBristolandaleadingUKexpertinbrainchemicalsandhormonessaysAndrews'reviewhighlightssomeimportantproblemsyetitshouldalsobetakenwithapinchofsalt.Thisreportisdoingtheoppositeofwhatdrugcompaniesdohesays.DrugcompaniesselectivelypresentallthepositivesintheirresearchwhilethissearchselectivelypresentsallthenegativesthatcanbefounD.NeverthelessAndrews'studyisusefulinthatitisalwaysworthpointingoutthatthereisadownsidetoanymedicinE.ProfessorLightmanaddsthatthereisstillagreatdealwedon'tknowaboutSSRIs-notleastwhattheyactuallydoinourbrains.WhenitcomestounderstandingwhythedrugsworkonlyforalimitedpartofpatientsU.S.scientiststhinktheymightnowhavetheanswer.Theythinkthatinmanydepressedpatientsit'snotonlythelackoffeel-goodserotonincausingtheirdepressionbutalsoafailureintheareaofthebrainthatproducesnewcellsthroughoutourlives.Thisareathehippocampusisalsoresponsibleforregulatingmoodandmemory.ResearchsuggeststhatinpatientswhosehippocampushaslosttheabilitytoproducenewcellsSSRIsdonotbringanybenefit.55.Accordingtoparagraph2serotoninlikeachemicalSwissArmyknifecan______.A.makemanypatients'depressionworseB.causeawiderangeofunwantedeffectsC.affecthumanbodyandbrainmvariouswaysD.providelittlebenefitformostdepressedpeoplE.56.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat______.A.thenumberofpatientswithdepressionhasdecreasedB.antidepressantscanbenefitpeoplewithmilddepressionC.peoplehaverealizedthatProzaccannotbeusedtotreatdepressionD.antidepressantsmayincreasetheriskofearlydeathinolderpeople57.InStaffordLightman'sopinion______.A.drugcompaniesdon'tknowthenegativeeffectofantidepressantB.AndrewsfocusedondifferentthingsfromthedrugcompaniesC.scientistshavefoundwhatSSRIsdointhebrainD.Andrews'researchhasnomedicalvalue58.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutSSRIs?A.Theyareusedtoincreasethefeel-goodmedicalinthebrain.B.Theycanworkevenwhenthehippocampuscan'tproducenewcells.C.Theycreateariskofheartproblemsinpregnantwomen.D.Theyareresponsibleforcontrollingmoodandmemory.59.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninParagraph6?A.Andrews'reviewmightnotbecompletelytruE.B.Andrewsneedtodomoreresearchtosupporthisviewpoint.C.Andrewdoesn'tconsiderdrugcompanies'interests.D.AndrewshasfoundoneofthedisadvantagesofthemedicinE.60.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theaimofdrugcompanies.B.ThefunctionofSSRIs.C.Theside-effectsofantidepressants.D.Thecauseofdepression.
EdmundHalleywasanEnglishscientistwholivedover200yearsago.Hestudiedthe1111]observationsofcomets彗星whichotherscientistshadmadE.Theorbit轨道ofoneparticularcometwasaverydifficultmathematicalproblem.Hecouldnotfigureitout.Neithercouldotherscientistswhodealtwithsuchproblems.HoweverHalleyhadafriendnamedIsaacNewtonwhowasabrilliantmathematician.Newtonthoughthehadalreadyworkedoutthatproblembuthecouldnotfindthepapersonwhichhehaddoneit.HetoldHalleythattheorbitofacomethadtheshapeofanellipse椭圆形.NowHalleysettowork.Hefiguredout解决计算出theorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery.Thecometsthathadappearedintheyears15311607and1682allhadthesameorbit.Yettheirappearancehadbeen75to76yearsapart.ThisseemedverystrangetoHalley.Threedifferentcometsfollowedthesameorbit.ThemoreHalleythoughtaboutitthemorehethoughtthattherehadnotbeenthreedifferentcometsaspeoplethought.Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.Thecomethadgoneawayandhadcomebackagain.Itwasanastonishingidea!Halleyfeltcertaintomakeaprediction预言ofwhatwouldhappeninthefuturE.Hedecidedthatthiswouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley’spredictioncouldbetesteD.In1758thecometappearedinthesky.HalleydidnotseeitforhehaddiedsomeyearsbeforE.EversincethenthatcomethadbeencalledHalley’scometinhishonor.9.EdmundHalleyfiguredouttheorbitof____.A.somedifferentcometsappearingseveraltimes11Z-x-x-k.Com]B.thesamecometappearingatdifferenttimesC.threedifferentcometsappearingatthesametimeD.severalcometsappearingatthesametime10.Halleymadehisdiscovery____.A.bydoingexperimentsB.bymeansofhisowncarefulobservationC.byusingtheworkingofotherscientists1111]D.bychance11.Halleymadeasurprisingbutcorrectpredictionintheyear____.A.1704B.1705C.1706D.170712.Thispassageingeneralisabout____.A.HalleyandotherscientistsB.theorbitofacometC.NewtonandHalleyD.Halleyandhisdiscovery
AccordingtobodylanguageexpertRobertPhippsthewaypeoplesleepatnightactuallydeterminesalotaboutthetypeofpersonalitytheyhavE.Phippshasfoundoutfoursleepingpositionsthataffectpersonality.Phippsfoundthatworriersthosewhostressthemosttendtosleepinthefetal胎儿的position.Hefoundthatthisisthemostcommonbedtimepositionwithnearly58percentofpeoplesleepingontheirsidewithkneesupandheaddown.Themorewecurlup蜷曲themorecomfortweareseekingaccordingtoPhipps.Thesecondmostcommonpositionisthelog.SleepingwithastraightbodywitharmsateachsideasiftheyarestandingguardatBuckinghamPalaceshowsstubbornnessandthesepeoplethe28percentwhosleepthiswayoftenwakeupstiffer僵硬的thanwhentheywenttosleep.ThelongeryousleeplikethisthemorerigidyourthinkingisandyoucanbecomeinflexiblewhichmeansyoumakethingsharderforyourselfaccordingtoPhipps.Yearner向往型sleepersarenextonthelist.About25percentofpeoplesleepinthisstyle—ontheirsidewitharmsstretchedoutinfrontlookingasiftheyareeitherseekingadreamorperhapsbeingsoughtthemselves.Yearnersaretypicallytheirownworstcritics批评者alwaysexpectingthebestresultsexplainedPhipps.ThesepeopleoftenwakeuprefreshedandeagertofacethechallengesofthedayaheaD.Perhapsthemoststrangesleepstylesisthefreefallerposition.Thissleepstylemakesup17percentofthepopulation.Theysleepfacedownwitharmsstretchedout.ThesepeopleaccordingtoPhippsfeelliketheyhavelittlecontrolovertheirlifE.Notonlyisthisthestrangestofsleepstylesbutalsotheleastcomfortableandpeoplemaywakeupfeelingtiredandhavenoenergy.InconclusionPhippshasonlyonemorethingtoaddAgoodnight’ssleepsetsyouupforthefollowingdayandoursleepingpositionscandeterminehowwefeelwhenwewakE.25.Whichofthefollowingpicturesisthefetal胎儿的position?26.Theunderlinedwordrigidisclosestinmeaningto________.A.stubbornB.flexibleC.comfortableD.strange27.Whichsleepingpositionshowsthatthesleepertendstoseekperfection?A.Thefetalposition.B.Thelogposition.C.Theyearnerposition.D.Thefreefallerposition.28.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?CPCentralPointP.PointSpSubpointC.Conclusion
Asunflowerisasunflower.A.mobilephoneisamobilephonE.Butcanyoucombinethetwotodosomethingforyourlocalenvironment?AsearlyasnextyearitmaywellbepossiblE.Whenyouhavefinishedwithyourmobilephoneyouwillbeabletobury埋葬itinthegardenandwaitforittoflower.Abiodegradable生物可降解的mobilephonewasthismonthintroducedbyscientists.ItishopedthatthenewtypeofphonewillencourageuserstorecyclE.Scientistshavecomeupwithanewmaterialoverthelastfiveyears.ItlookslikeanyotherplasticandcanbehardorsoftandabletochangeshapE.Overtimeitcanalsobreakdownintothesoilwithoutgivingoutanypoisonouschemicals.Britishresearchersusedthenewmaterialtodevelopaphonecoverthatincludesasunflowerseed种子.Whenthisnewtypeofcoverturnsintowasteitformsnitrates硝酸盐.Thesefeedtheseedandhelptheflowergrow.Engineershavedesignedasmalltransparent透明的windowtoholdtheseeD.Theyhavemadesureitonlygrowswhenthephoneisthrownaway.We’veonlyputsunflowerseedsintothecoversofar.Butweareworkingwithscientiststofindoutwhichflowerswouldperformbest.MaybewecouldputrosesinnexttimE.Saidonescientist.Asphonetechnologyisdevelopingsoquicklypeopleareconstantlythrowingtheirmobilesaway.Thismeansproducersareunderpressure压力tofindwaysofrecyclingthem.Some650millionmobilephoneshavebeensoldthisyear.Mostofthemwillbethrownawaywithintwoyearsaddingplasticheavymetalandchemicalwastetotheenvironment.A.biodegradablecovercanchangethisaccordingtothescientists.21.Afteryouhavefinishedusingthenewtypeofmobilephone_______.A.thephonewilldoharmtotheenvironmentB.thephonecoverwillbreakdowneasilyinthesoilyouburyitC.itwillberecycledbytheproducersD.itcanbesentbacktotheshops.22.Whichofthefollowingiswrongaboutthecoverofthenewtypeofphone?A.Itcanhelpthesunflowerseedafterthemobilephonebreaksdown.B.Itlookslikenormalplasticsbutitcanbreakdown.C.ItincludesasunflowerseeD.D.Itmakessuretheseedonlygrowsafterthephoneisthrownaway.23.Thenewtypeofphonecanreducetheharmtotheenvironmentmainly______.A.becauseofthematerialofitscoverB.becauseofthesunflowerseedC.becauseit’smadeofnopoisonouschemicalsD.becauseyouburyitinthesoilafteryoufinishwithit24.Thistypeofresearchisdonebecause________.A.thetechnologythatproducesmobilephonesischangingquicklyB.usersareconstantlythrowingtheirmobilesaway.C.nobodyhaseverthoughtofrecyclingmobilephonesD.producingmobilephonesusesalotofenergysothishasbecomeaverybigproblemfortheenvironment25.Wecanguessfromthestory________.A.thenewtypeofmobilephonesisalreadyonthemarketB.thenewtypeofmobilephoneswillsellverywellC.recyclingmobilephonesisnotusefultotheenvironmentD.otherflowersmaybeusedinthenewtypeofmobilephones学科网
Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifferentthatit’spainful?ThismightbecalledlazinessbutDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.HehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycyclE.Duringthehourswhenyoulaborthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyou'rehot.That'struE.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak项峰.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesbeforenoon.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisissobutitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologuesas:GetupJohn!You'llbelateforworkagain!ThepossibleexplanationtothetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmeanandwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.Youcan'tchangeyourenergycyclebutyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.HabitcanhelpDr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteract对抗yourcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyinthedayrisebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcyclebutyou'llgetupsteam鼓起干劲andworkbetteratyourlowpoint.Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithaleisurelyyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.AvoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbeforE.Wheneverpossibledoroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.61.Ifapersonfindsgettingupearlyaproblemmostprobably________.A.heisalazypersonB.herefusestofollowhisownenergycycleC.heisnotsurewhenhisenergyislowD.heisathispeakintheafternoonorevening62.Whichofthefollowingmayleadtofamilyquarrelsaccordingtothepassage?A.Unawarenessofenergycycles.B.Familiarmonologues.C.A.changeinafamilymember'senergycycle.D.Attemptstocontroltheenergycycleofotherfamilymembers.63.Ifonewantstoworkmoreefficientlyathislowpointinthemorningheshould________.A.changehisenergycycleB.overcomehislazinessC.getupearlierthanusualD.gotobedearlier64.Youareadvisedtorisewithayawnandstretchbecauseitwill_________.A.helptokeepyourenergyfortheday’sworkB.helpyoutocontrolyourtemperearlyinthedayC.enableyoutoconcentrateonyourroutineworkD.keepyourenergycycleundercontrolallday65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Gettingofftoworkwithaminimumefforthelpssaveone'senergyB.Dr.KleitmanexplainswhypeoplereachtheirpeaksatdifferenthoursofdayC.HabitshelpapersonadapttohisownenergycycleD.Childrenhaveenergycyclestoo
Peoplearen’twalkinganymore---iftheycanfigureoutawaytoavoidit.IfeltsuperioraboutthismatteruntiltheotherdayItookmycartomailasmallparcel.Thejourneyisamatterof281steps.ButIusedthecar.AndIwasn’tinayhurryeitherIhadmerelybecomeonemorevictimofanationalsickness:motorosis.ItisanillnesstowhichIhadthoughtmyselfimmune免疫的forIwasbredinthetraditionofgoingtoplacesonmyowntwolegs.Atthattimeweregarded25milesasgoodday’swalkandtheabilitytocoversuchadistanceintenhoursassignofstrengthandskill.Itdidnotoccurtousthatwalkingwasahardship.Andtheeffectwaslasting.WhenIwas45yearsoldIraced–andbeat—ateenagefootballplayerthe168stepsuptheStatureofLiberty.Suchenterprisestodayareregardedbymanymiddle-agedpersonsasbadfortheheart.Butawell-knownBritishphysicianSirAdolpheAbrhamspointedoutrecentlythatheartsandbodiesneedproperismorelikelytohaveillnessesthanonewhoexercisesregularly.Andwalkingisanidealformofexercise---themostfamiliarandnaturalofall.ItwasHenryThoreauwhoshowedmankindtherichnessofgoingonfoot.ThemanwalkingcanlearnthetreesflowerinsectsbirdsandanimalsthesignificanceofseasonstheveryfeelofhimselfasalivingcreatureinalivingworldHecannotlearninacar.ThecarisaconvenientmeansoftransportbutwehavemadeitourwayoflifE.Manypeopledon’tdaretoapproachNatureanymore;tothemtheworldtheywereborntoenjoyisallthreat.TothemsecurityisasteelriverthunderingonaconcreteroaD.Andmuchoftheirthinkingtakesplacewhilewaitingforthetrafficlighttoturngreen.Isaythatthegreenofforestsisthemind’sbestlight.Andnonebutthemanonfootcanevaluatewhatisbasicandeverlasting.31.Whatisthenationalsickness?A.Walkingtoomuch[KS5UKS5U]B.TravelingtoomuchC.DrivingcarstoomuchD.Climbingstairstoomuch.32.Whatwaslifelikewhentheauthorwasyoung?A.Peopleusuallywentaroundonfoot.B.peopleoftenwalked25milesadayC.PeopleusedtoclimbtheStatueofLiberty.D.peopleconsideredaten-j\hourwalkasahardship.33.TheauthormentionsHenryThoreautoprovethatA.middle-agedpeoplelikegettingbacktonatureB.walkinginnaturehelpsenrichone’smindC.peopleneedregularexercisetokeepfitD.goingonfootpreventsheartdisease34.WhatiscomparedtoasteelriverinParagraph6?A.A.queueofcarsB.A.rayoftrafficlightC.A.flashoflightningD.A.streamofpeople35.Whatistheauthor’sintentionofwritingthispassage?A.TotellpeopletoreflectmorenonlifE.B.TorecommendpeopletogiveupdrivingC.ToadvisepeopletodooutdooractivitiesD.Toencouragepeopletoreturntowalking
Mom’sbirthdaypresent?Itmaybeadifficultthingforsomepeoplebutformeitisaneasything.MomlovedflowerssoeveryyearIsentherflowers.Actuallyshehadabedofirises鸢尾花inthebackyardofhersmallIndianafarm.Theywerebeautiful.TakesomeshesaidDigsomeupandplantthemonthesideofyourownhousE.Butinmyyardtheybecamelackinginenergy.AyearpassedthentwobutnotoneflowerappeareD.Icutbackalltheirgreenleaves.Iwastiredofseeingthemsolonely.FinallyIdugtheirisesupandthrewthemaway.AboutthattimeMomdiedunexpectedly.MysisterandIsoldthefarm.Ineverwentbacktoseetheirises.Ijustcouldn’tbearseeinganotherfamilylivinginourhome—Mom’shomE.Autumncamethenwinter.ThefollowingspringasMom’sbirthdayapproachedIstruggledwiththequestionofhowtorememberher.Istaredoutofthewindowandsawafewstubbornirisesinmysideyardsprouting发芽—tallthinbutflowerless.BecauseofseeingthemIdecidedtoorderflowersasIalwaysdidonMom’sbirthdayandsendthemtomysister.IwishedsobadlyIcouldstillsendflowerstoMom.ButthatwasimpossiblE.InthemorningofMom’sbirthdayIwasinmycarreadytowork.SomethingintheyardcaughtmyeyE.Theirises!OnehadbloomedwithflowersbigshowyandpurpleaslovelyastheyeverhadbeenonMom’sfarm.IsmiledandturnedmyeyesupwarD.IcouldnolongersendflowerstoMom.Butsomehowshe’dbeenabletosendthemtomE.46.AccordingtothefirstparagraphMom.A.wantedtogivetheauthorsomeflowersB.didn’tlikethepresentsfromtheauthorC.livedwiththeauthoronanIndianafarmD.gotdifferentbirthdaypresentsfromtheauthoreveryyear47.Atfirsttheirisesintheauthor’syard.A.alldiedquicklyB.didn’tbloomatallC.grewaswellasonMom’sfarmD.grewbetterthanthoseonMom’sfarm48.Whattroubledtheauthor?A.Shedidn’tknowhowtogrowirises.B.SheregrettedtheyhadsoldMom’sfarm.C.Shedidn’tknowwhattodoinmemoryofMom.D.Shecouldn’tbearotherslivinginMom’shomE.49.Afterseeingtheirisessproutingtheauthor___.A.decidedtosendflowerstohersisteronMom’sbirthdayB.dugthemoutbecausetheywereflowerlessC.decidedtosendthemtoMomaftertheybloomD.orderedflowersforthepeoplelivinginMom’shome50.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Alltheirisesintheauthor’syardbloomeD.B.TheauthorwenttoseetheirisesinMom’syarD.C.ItwasMomwhotookcareoftheseirisesintheauthor’syarD.D.TheauthorthoughtthebloomingirisesweregiftsfromMom.
HealthexpertshavelongknownthatvitaminD.isimportantforhealthybonesandteeth.Itmayalsohelptoprotectthebodyagainstdiseasessuchasdiabetesandcancer.AndnowresearcherssayvitaminD.mighthelpfightbraindiseasescalleddementia痴呆.Dementiaisabraindiseasethatdamagesthinkingandmemoryprocesseswhichscientistscallcognitive认知abilities.Dementiaisdifficulttotreat.Takingcareofsomeonewhohasdementiaisextremelydemanding.Andthediseaseisveryfrighteningtosufferers.ChrisRobertssuffersfromdementiA.Hesaystheworstpartoflivingwiththisdiseasewasgettinglostwhiledriving.TheworstthingthatIfoundwasgettinglostinthecarnotjustforgettingwhereIwasgoing—Iwouldn’tknowwhereIwas.Morethan47millionpeoplearoundtheworldsufferfromdementiA.TheWorldHealthOrganizationreportsthat60percentofthemliveinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.WegetvitaminD.fromsomefoodslikenutslentils扁豆andfattyfish.WealsogetvitaminD.fromthesun.ButthatisnotdependablE.InsomepartsoftheworldthereisnotenoughsunlighttoprovideenoughvitaminD.Alsosunblockpreventsthevitaminfromenteringthebody.Toaddtotheproblemtheskin’sabilitytoprocessvitaminD.weakensasapersonages.ResearchersatRutgersUniversityinNewJerseyareexploringtherelationshipbetweenvitaminD.anddementiA.TheteamrecentlymeasuredvitaminD.levelsandcognitiveabilityinolderpeoplE.NutritionalsciencesprofessorJoshuaMillerledtheteam.Hesaidcognitiveabilitiesdifferedamongthestudysubjects.Hesaidtestsshowedthatabout60percentofthegroupwaslowinvitaminD.32.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutvitaminD?A.VitaminD.candecreasepeople’sriskofheartdiseases.B.VitaminD.helpsthebodyfightagainstcancer.C.VitaminD.ismainlyobtainedfromthesun.D.TheneedforVitaminD.decreasesaspeopleagE.33.WhatdoestheunderlinedworddemandingmeaninParagraph2?A.Boringbutrewarding.B.Disturbingandfrightening.C.Disgustingandstressful.D.HardandtiresomE.34.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.HowvitaminD.affectspeople’shealth.B.WherepeoplegetvitaminD.C.WhethersunlightcanproducevitaminD.D.Whypeople’sageinfluencestheproductionofvitaminD.35.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthepassage?A.InatravelbrochurE.B.InaliteraturemagazinE.C.Inasciencejournal.D.Inacommercialadvertisement.
Gardeningcanbeaveryrelaxinghobbyformanypeopleandthiswonderfulexperienceisnotjustforadults.Childrenareinterestedingardeningaswellifgiventhechancetoexplorenatureandscienceinthisway.Gardeningcanbringjoytobothchildrenandtheirparentsalikeespeciallywhentheexperienceissharedtogether.ThetimethatisspentgardeningtogetherbuildspreciousmemorieswithintheirheartsandmindsforyearstocomE.WhenyouaregardeningwithyourchildrentrytogivethemtheirownspecialareA.KeeptheirareainthecenterofthebestsoilandlightasyouwanttomakesureofasuccessfulgardeningexperiencE.PlastictoolseasilybreakandaredifficulttouseinthedirtsowhenyouaregardeningwithyourchildrengivethemrealtoolstouseifpossiblE.Evenofferingtoletthemuseyourtoolsisawaytoadmittheworthoftheworktheyaredoing.Itisalsoimportanttotalkwithyourchildrenaboutthewholeprocessofgardeningfromplantingtotheharvest.Theyneedtounderstandhowthingsworkandtheimportanceofwhattheyaredoing.Showoffthechildren’sgardeningworkbytakingfriendsandvisitorsforawalkingtourthroughthegardenandpointoutthechildren’sparticularspot.Whenyougiveattentiontothechildren’sworkthisisagreatmotivation动机forchildrentocontinuewantingtobeinvolveD.DonotforcechildrentotakepartwhentheyareinabadmoodoriftheyarebecomingboreD.Insteadallowthemtodosomethingdifferentlikebuildingascarecrow稻草人!Thismakesthegardeningexperienceevenmoreinteresting.Asyouworktogethersidebysidewithyourchildrenyouwillencouragealoveofthelandinthemaswellascreatelastingmemoriesoftimespentwithyou.40.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Teachingchildrenhowtogarden.B.GivingchildrenthechancetoshowoffC.Helpingchildrenrealizetheimportanceofwork.D.Sharingthejoyofgardeningwithchildren.41.Whyshouldyouintroduceyourchildren’sworktoyourfriends?A.Itmakesyourfriendsbelieveyourchildrenaresmart.B.Ithelpsyougainmoreconfidenceinyourchildren.C.Itencourageschildrentocontinuedoingsuchwork.D.Itattractsyourfriendstotakepartinyourgardening.42.Whatkindofpeopleisthetextmainlywrittenfor?A.ChildrenB.ParentsC.FarmersD.Teachers.
Plantsarefloweringfasterthanscientistspredicted预测inreactiontoclimatechangewhichcouldhavelongdamagingeffectsonfoodchainsandecosystems.Globalwarmingishavingagreateffectonhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworldchangingsomelivingpatternsscientistssay.IncreasedcarbondioxideCO2intheairfromburningcoalandoilcanhaveaneffectonhowplantsproduceoxygenwhilehighertemperaturesandchangeablerainfallpatternscanchangetheirpatternsofgrowth.Predictingspecies’reactiontoclimatechangeisamajorchallengeinecologysaidtheresearchersofseveralU.S.universities.Theysaidplantshadbeenthekeyobjectofstudybecausetheirreactiontoclimatechangecouldhaveaneffectonfoodchainsandecosystemservices.ThestudypublishedontheNaturewebsiteusesthefindingsfromplantlifecyclestudiesandexperimentsacrossfourcontinentsand1634species.Itfoundthatsomeexperimentshadunderestimated低估thespeedofflowering8.5timesandleafingby4times.Acrossallspeciestheexperimentsunder-predictedthespeedoftheadvance---forbothleafingandflowering---thatresultsfromtemperatureincreasesthestudysaiD.ThedesignoffutureexperimentsmayneedtobeimprovedtobetterpredicthowplatswillreacttoclimatechangeitsaiD.PlantsarenecessaryforlifeontheEarth.Theyarethebaseofthefoodchainusingphotosynthesis光合作用toproducesugarfromcarbondioxideandwater.Theyletoutoxygenwhichisneededbynearlyeveryorganismontheplanet.Scientistsbelievetheworld’saveragetemperaturehasrisenbyabout0.8℃since1900andnearly0.2℃everytenyearssince1979.Sofareffortstocutemissions排放ofplanet-warminggreenhousegasesarenotseenasenoughtopreventtheEarthheatingupbeyond2℃thiscentury---apointscientistssaywillbringthedangerofachangeableclimateinwhichweatherextremesarecommonleadingtodroughtfloodscropfailuresandrisingsealevels.33.WhatisthekeyinformationtheauthorwantstogiveinParagraph1?A.Plants’reactiontoweathercouldhavedamagingeffectsonecosystems.B.Theincreasingspeedoffloweringisbeyondscientists’expectation.C.Climatechangeleadstothechangeoffoodproductionpatterns.D.Foodchainshavebeenseriouslydamagedbecauseofweather.34.Scientistspayspecialattentiontothestudyofplantsbecause______________.A.theycanprovetheclimatechangeclearlyB.theyareveryimportantinthefoodchainsC.theyplayaleadingroleinreducingglobalwarmingD.theyaregrowingandfloweringmuchfasterthanbefore35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsabouttheworld’stemperature?A.Ithasrisennearly0.2℃since1979.B.Itschangewillleadtoweatherextremes.C.Itis0.8℃higherin1979thanthatof1900.D.Itneedstobecontrolledwithin2℃inthiscentury.
Theircheerysongbrightensmanyawinter'sday.Butrobinsareindangerofwearingthemselvesoutbysingingtoomuch.Robinsaresingingallnight一aswellasduringthedayBritish-basedresearcherssay.DavidDominoniofGlasgowUniversitysaidthatlightfromstreetlampstakeawaysignsandhomesisaffectingthebirds'biologicalclockleadingtothembeingwideawakewhentheyshouldbeasleep.DrDominoniwhoisputtingcamerasinsidenestingboxestotracksleepingpatternssaidlackofsleepcouldputthebirds’healthatrisk.Hisstudyshowsthatwhenrobinsareexposedtolightatnightinthelabitleadstosomegenesbeingactiveatthewrongtimeofday.Andthemorebirdsareexposedtolightthemoreactivetheyareatnight.HetoldpeopleataconferenceTherehavebeenacoupleofstudiessuggestingtheyareincreasingtheirsongoutputatnightandduringthedaytheyarestillsinging.Singingisacostlybehaviourandittakesenergy.Sobyincreasingtheirsongoutputtheremightbesomecostsofenergy.Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificiallight.Blackbirdsandseagullsarealsobeingmorenocturnal.DrDominonisaidInGlasgowwhereIlivegullsareaseriousproblem.Ihavepeoplecomingtomesaying`Youarethebirdexpert.Canyouhelpuskillthesegulls?Duringthebreeding繁殖seasonbetweenAprilandJunetheyareveryactiveatnightandverynoisyandpeoplecan'tsleep.AlthoughDrDominonihasonlystudiedlightpollutionotherresearchconcludedthatrobinslivinginnoisycitieshavestartedtosingatnighttomakethemselvesheardoverloudnoisE.Howeversomebirdsthrive兴旺innoisyenvironments.A.studyfromCaliforniaPolytechnicUniversityfoundmorehummingbirdsinareaswithheavyindustrialmachinery.Itisthoughtthattheyarecapitalisingontheirpredators天敌fleeingtoquieterareas.4.AccordingtoDrDominoni'sstudywhatcauserobinstosingsomuch?A.Thebreedingseason.B.Thedangerousenvironment.C.ThelightinmodernlifeD.Thenoisefromheavymachinery.5.Whatistheresearchers'concernovertheincreaseofbirds'songoutput?A.TheenvironmentmightbepolluteD.B.Thebirds'healthmightbedamageD.C.TheindustrycostmightbeincreaseD.D.Thepeople'shearingmightbeaffecteD.6.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordnocturnalinParagraph5mean?A.Activeatnight.B.Inactiveatnight.C.Activeduringtheday.D.Inactiveduringtheday.7.Whydosomebirdsthriveinnoisyenvironments?A.Becausetherearefewerdangers.B.Becausethereismorefoodtoeat.C.BecausethereislesslightpollutionD.Becausetherearemoreplacestotakeshelter.
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