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Getting enough sleep on a regular basis is one important way to protect the health of your heart. P...
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高中英语《贵州省遵义市第四中学2017届高三上学期第一次月考英语试题 Word版含解析》真题及答案
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Whenabeestings蜇youitdoesn'tjustruinyourfun.Theinsectputsvenom毒液intoyourskincausingpainandswelling.ButachemistinDenmarkbelieveshe'scomeupwithasimpledevicethatwilldrawthevenombackoutofthewoundbringingvictims受害者relief.MartinWenckensgottheinspirationfortheBee-Patch蜜蜂膏药fromahometreatmenthesawshownonaDanishtelevisionprogram.AftergettingstungapersonwouldputaslightwetsugarcubeoverthewounD.Theideaisthatthroughosmosis渗透--themovementofafluid液体fromanareawithalowerconcentrationofmolecules分子toanareawithahigherconcentration-fluidmovesfromthesmallholeupintothesugarcubecarryingthevenomalongwithit.BecauseexposedsugarmayattractmoreinsectsWenckensthoughthecouldimproveonthetreatment.HeputsugarinsideapatchthatcanbewornlikeabandagE.ThesidetouchingtheskinhasathinlayerthroughwhichfluidcanmovE.AfteryougetstungplacethepatchontheinjuredskinandleaveitforonehourWenckenssays.Thiswilllowerbothpainandswelling.Hecautionsthatpeoplewithinsectallergiesshouldcontinueto.usemedications药物治疗recommendedbytheirdoctors.WenckensdesignedtheBee-Patchespeciallyforchildrenbuthereportsthatlifeguardandsoccerplayersarealsousingit.InmanyschoolsinDenmarktheBee-Patchisalreadyapartoffirstaidkitshesays.TohaveinventedasmallpatchthatcanbeusedbysomanypeopleofcoursemakesmeveryprouD.32.Wenckenswasinspiredby.A.hischildhoodB.aTVprogramC.asugarproducerD.hisprivatedoctor33.What'stheadvantageoftheBee-Patchovertheoriginalhometreatment?A.ItismuchsaferB.Itismorenatural.C.Itismuchcheaper.D.ItismoreeffectivE.34.TheBee-PatchcreatedbyWenckens.A.isnotrecommendedtolifeguardsB.maynotbehelpfulforsomevictimsC.willprotectvictimsfrombeesforanhourD.hasanimmediateeffectontheinjuredskin35.TheBee-Patchiswidelyused.A.byadultsB.inhospitalsC.bystudentsD.onfootballfields
Beingphysicallyactivethreetimesaweekreducestheoddsofbeingdepressedbyabout16%accordingtonewUCLresearchcarriedoutaspartofthePublicHealthResearchCenter.ThestudypublishedinJAMAPsychiatryfoundatwo-wayrelationshipbetweendepressionandphysicalactivity.Peoplewhoincreasedtheirweeklyactivityreportedfewerdepressivesymptomsbutthosewithmoredepressivesymptomswerelessactiveparticularlyatyoungerages.Researchersfollowed11135peoplebornin1958upuntiltheageof50recordingdepressivesymptomsandlevelsofphysicalactivityatregularintervalsinadulthooD.Theyfoundthateachadditionalactivityperiodperweekreducedoddsofdepressionby6%.InEngland19%ofmenand26%ofwomenarecurrentlyclassedasinactiveandthisstudysuggeststhatactivitycouldsignificantlyimprovetheirmentalaswellasphysicalhealth.Assumingtheassociationiscausalphysicalactivityhasaprotectiveeffectagainstdepression.Ifanadultbetweentheirtwentiesandfortieswhoisn’tphysicallyactivebecameactive3timesperweektheywouldreducetheirrisksofdepressionbyabout16%.saysDrSnehaloftheUCLInstituteofChildHealthleadauthorofthestudy.ProfessorMarkDirectorofthePublicHealthResearchCentersaidManypeoplearealreadyawareofthebenefitsofphysicalactivityontheirgeneralhealthbutnowweareseeingmoreevidencethatsuggestitalsohasapositiveeffectonaperson’smentalwell-being.Thelatestresearchhighlightsjusthowimportantitistoensurethatpeopleareworkingandlivinginenvironmentsthatallowthemtobebothphysicallyactiveandmentallyhealthy.32.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Totellusafunstoryabouthowtoprotectusagainstdepression.B.Tointroducearesearchonthelinkbetweenactivityanddepression.C.Topersuadereaderstoincreasetheirweeklyactivity.D.Todescribethedisadvantagesofphysicalactivity.33.Accordingtothesecondparagraphifpeopleincreasetheirweeklyactivity______.A.theirdepressivesymptomswillbefewerB.theirdepressivesymptomswillbemoreC.theywillbecomemuchyoungerD.theywillbecomemoredepressive34.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Dr.Snehalthinksitimportanttobebothphysicallyandmentallyhealthy.B.Theresearchshowsmenaremoreactiveinphysicalactivitiesthanwomen.C.Adultswhoinsistonphysicalactivitywillreducedepressioncompletely.D.Increasingphysicalactivitiescanfreepeoplefromdepressioninaway.35.Theauthorshowshisviewmainlyby_______.A.doingresearchB.comparingandcontrastingC.tryingonhimselfD.discussingandsummarizing
Anumberofscientificstudieshavesuggestedthatrepeatedlyheadingafootballcouldincreasetheriskofdevelopingdementia痴呆症inlaterlifE.In2002formerEnglandinternationalfootballerJeffAstlediedaged59.A.coroner验尸官saidthatAstlediedfromabraindiseaselikelytohavebeencausedbyrepeatedsmalldamagestothebrainrelatedtoheadingaheavyleatherfootball.Dr.ScottDelaneyresearchdirectorofemergencymedicineatMcGillUniversityHealthCenterinMontrealCanadahasalsoresearchedsoccer-relatedheadinjuryandagreesthathead-to-headorelbow-to-headblowsaretherealrisk.In2007Delaneycarriedoutastudyonfootballersagesbetween12and17thatshowedtheywerehalfaslikelytobeconcussed使脑部受到震荡wearingheadgear帽thanwithout.Hesaidyoungstershaveahigherriskofheadinjurythanadultsbecausetheirheadsarethinnerandlessabletoabsorbshock.Tomakemattersworsetheirneckmusclesaren’taswelldevelopedandtheyoftenlackthecorrectheadingtechniquethatcanhelpthrowawaytheforceoftheball.Delaneyrecommendsthatchildrenwearheadgearwhenplayingfootballandsayshistwoeldestchildrenwearheadprotectionplayingthesport.Butheadmitsthatchildrencanadmitsthatchildrencanbeunwillingtobethefirsttowearheadprotection—especiallywhentheirfootballheroesplaywithoutit.Whileheadgearcanprotectfootballersfrombeingconcussedduringamatchnooneknowsthelong-termeffectsofrepeatedsub-concussiveblowtotheheaD.Delaneysaysthatwhilethereisindirectevidencethatacareerinsoccercanleadtodementianoonehasyetfoundadefinitivelinkbetweenthetwo.Hesaysprovingalinkwouldmeanmonitoringhundredsoffootballersforthreeoffourdecades—andthatwouldtakealotoffunding.24.AccordingtoDrScottDelaney’sresearchwhatmaybethemostpossibleinjuriestohead?A.Long-termeffectsofblows.B.Head-to-headorelbow-to-headblows.C.Underdevelopedneckmuscles.D.Wearingheadprotection.25.Childrenareunwillingtowearheadgearbecausetheythink______.A.headgearisharmfultotheirheadsB.headgearinfluencestheirskillsC.theymustn’tleadthefashionD.theyshouldfollowtheiridols26.Whatcanbethemostimportantfacttocarryouttheresearch?A.Fundingtosupporttheresearch.B.Timetolookintotheresearch.C.Datafromthefootballers’injury.D.Influencesonfootballersofdifferentages.27.Whichmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.EvidencetodementiA.B.Repeatedsmalldamagestothebrain.C.PlayingfootballmayleadtobraindamagE.D.Footballersshouldwearheadgearwhenplaying.
Fixedorgrowthmindset—whichdoyouhave?Weliveinanuncertainworldwithallthetechnologicaladvancesweareexperiencingwhichmeanseisarequirementforachangeinmidset思维模式.Inordertobeontopofourgamebothpersonallyandorganizationallyweneedtodevelopagrowthmindset.A.fixedmindsetsupposesthatyouhavenativeabilitiesandarenaturallycleverorskilledincertainareasoflifE.WhenyoureceiveinfonnationabouthowyouhaveperformedinatestorsetoftaskstyoumayworryabouthowyouarejudgeD.OurparentsprobablysaidtouswhenwewereyoungSinceyouscoredreallywellinthetestyoumustbeclever.HoweverbybeingrepeatedlytoldYouarccleverorYouarereallyga*alalyourjobaperson’sself-respectisactuallydainagcD.Thegrowlh-mindestpersonaviewlifeasaseriesofexcitingchallengesandwanttoconstantlylearn.BrainactivityoccursinthismindsetwhentheyreceiveinformationaboutwhattheycoulddobelterorimprovE.TheydonotviewtheirabilitiesasfixedorusfailurE.LearningiskingandthemoretheypracticethemoretheyknowtheywillsucceeD.Whatisimportantisgivingpraisearoundprocessandnotaroundability.ForexampleinsteadofsayingSinceyougotagreatscoreyoumustbecleverfsayYougotagreatscoreandyoumusthavetriedreallyhard.ThiscreateschallengeinindivicluatsandThemeaningofmindsetsismassiveforbusiness.Fixed-mindsetmanagersarenotfansofgivingfeedback反馈.TheydonotwanttostretchthemselvesorothersbecausetheyfearfailurE.Thereforetheirbusinessmaystandstillbecausethereisnoriskorinnovation创新occurring.Listenfromyourownfixedmindset一forexampleIcan'tdothat一andanswerwithagrowth-mindsetresponse一Ican'tdothatyet!Rememberthereisnosuchthingasfailureandthere*sonlylearning.Ifyoudon91failoccasionallyyyouwillneverlearntochangeandgrow.32.Whatistheauthor'sopinionofpeople'smindsets?A.A.growthmindstetmeansnofailurE.B.Peopleneeddevelopafixedmindset.C.A.fixedmindsetfocusesmoreonprocess.D.Peopleshoulddevelopagrowthmindest.33.Whichjudgmentseemsmoreencouraging?A.Youareclever.B.Youareskillful.C.YouhaveworkedharD.D.YouarcgreatatyourjoB.34.Whatdothegrowth-inindsetpersonsmostadvocate?A.Keepingonlearning.B.ViewingabilityasfailurE.C.Givingpraisearoundability.D.Learningfromthefixedmindset.35.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.AlwaysstayinihesamemindsetB.Thinkandactindifferentmindsets.C.Wecan'tmissthechanceoffailurE.D.LearningisthekeytosuccessfromfailurE.
Ahandsomemancanearnafifthmorethanaplainercolleague同事butabeautifulwomanisnotpaidapennymorethanheraverage-lookingcolleaguesnewresearchhasshown.Thestudybysenioreconomists经济学家foundthatbeinggood-lookingmeantmale男性workerscouldearn22percentmorethanaverage-lookingcolleagues.ResearcherssaidgoodlooksdidnotgivewomenasimilaradvantagE.AndrewLeightheformereconomicsprofessorattheAustralianNationalUniversitywhoco-authoredthereportsaid:Beautycanbeadouble-edgedswordforwomen.Somepeoplestillbelievegoodlooksandintelligence智慧areincompatible矛盾的inwomensoagood-lookingwomancan'tbethatproductivebutitdoesn’taffectmen’spay.Hesaidthatalthoughhebelievedgood-lookingwomenmayalsoearnmoretheresearchdidnotsupporthistheory.Theresearchfoundthathandsomemeninalljobsfrommanuallabortohighly-paidprofessionalcareerscanearn22percentmorethantheircolleaguesdoingthesamework.Menwithbelow-averagelooksfaceabattleintheofficewithuglinessreducingaman'searningsby26percentcomparedtoanaverage-lookingworker.FormermalemodelIanMitchell28whohasafirstclassdegreeinhistoryfromEdinburghUniversityandnowworksforacosmetics化妆品companytoldtheSundayTimes:ItgivesyouconfidenceandIsuspectpeopletendtowarmtoyoumorequickly.ThestudynamedUnpackingtheBeautyPremiumwasthelargestexerciseofitskindandrepeatedasurveyfrom1984toseeifthebeautypremiumhadchangeD.Leighsaidtheresearchshowedpeopleintheworkplacewerelookist以貌取人的andhehopedthefindingswouldencourageemployerstoremovetheirprejudice偏见.32.Whathastheresearchfound?A.HandsomemenhaveanadvantageintheirjobsB.AppearanceplaysanimportantroleatworkC.MaleworkerpaymoreattentiontotheirappearancE.D.ThemorebeautifulafemaleisthetheirappearancE.33.WhatisAndrewLeigh’sopinion?A.Beautyisadouble-edgedswordforworkers.B.Good-lookingfemalesarelikelytoearnmoreC.EmployershaveprejudiceinemployingworkersD.MoreattentionispaidtoappearancenowthanbeforE.34.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatmenwhoarebelowaverageinappearance____.A.earn26%lessthanhandsomemenB.earn26%lessthanaverage-lookingmenC.earnasmuchasaverage-lookingmenD.earn22%lessthanaverage-lookingmen35.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Good-lookingmenaremorelikelytotendtoearnmoreB.MenandwomenshouldbetreatedequallyininterviewsC.PeopleshouldpaymoreattentiontotheirappearanceD.Beautifulfemaleintervieweesaren’tpopularininterviews
SleepinginonSaturdayafterafewweeksoftoolittleshuteyemayfeelrefreshingbutitcangiveafalsesenseofsecurity.Newresearchshowslong-termsleeplosscannotbecuredthateasily.Scientistsresearchedtheeffectsofshort-andlong-termsleeplossandfoundthatthosewhosufferlong-termsleeplossmayfunctionnormallysoonafterwakingupbutexperiencesteadilyslowerreactiontimesasthedaygoesbyeveniftheyhadtriedtocatchupthepreviousnight.Theresearchhasimportantsafetysignificancesinanincreasinglybusysocietynotjustforshift-workersbutfortheroughlyoneinsixAmericanswhoregularlygetsixhoursorlessofsleepanight.Weknowthatstayingawake24hourswithoutsleepwillaffectyourperformancetodoallsortsofthingsandthiseffectequalstodrinkingtoomuchwhendrivingsaidleadresearcherDr.DanielCohenofBoston’sBrighamandWomen’sHospital.Butwhenthosewhosufferlong-termsleeplossbecomeall-nighterstheharmisincreasedtentimesCohensaiD.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthsaysadultsneedsevenhourstoninehoursofsleepforgoodhealth.Regularlygettingtoolittlesleepincreasestheriskofhealthproblemsincludingmemoryimpairmentandaweakenedimmunesystem.Moreimmediatelytoolittlesleepaffectsreactiontimes;sleepinessistoblameforcarcrashesandotheraccidents.IthascriticallyimportantcomplicatedandunexpectedresultsforanyonewhoworkscrazyhoursandthinkstheyareperformingfinewithafewhoursofweeknightsleepsaidHarrisdirectoratNewYork’sMontefioreMedicalCenter.Don’tthinkyoucanjustbankupyoursleepontheweekendbecauseitdoesn’tworkthatwayhewarneD.51.Thetextmainlyadvisespeople______.A.tosleepmoretimeB.tosleepinonSaturdayC.tosleepscientificallyD.tosleeplittleonweekend52.Peoplewithlong-termsleeploss______.A.arequickerinthinkingB.mayfeelrefreshedsoonafterwakingupC.aresurelyenergeticD.canhaveastrongsenseofsecurity53.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.MostoftheAmericansgetsixhoursorlessofsleepanight.B.Stayingupisworseforthosewhosufferlong-termsleeploss.C.Trafficaccidentshavelittletodowithsleepiness.D.OneinsixAmericansareall-nighters.54.Whichofthefollowingistheimmediateeffectoflong-termsleeploss?A.HealthproblemsB.ImmunesystemC.ReactiontimesD.Memoryimpairment55.Theunderlinedphrasebankupinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans____.A.pileupB.pickupC.addupD.buildup
ThebaobabtreegrowsinWestAfricaandAustraliA.Itisaverystrange-lookingtreE.Itshugetrunk树干sometimesmeasureasmuchastenmetresindiameter直径.Itisthickeratthebottomthanatthetop.Thebranchesnearesttothegroundareverylong;thosenearthetopareveryshort.Strange-lookingitmaybeitisveryuseful.Itsleavesaregoodtoeat.Itswhiteflowersturnintocoolfruitwhichtastesratherlikecucumber.Whenabaobabtreegetsolditstrunkbecomeshollow空心.AnoldtreehassuchahugehollowtrunkthatitcanholdmanypeoplE.Whenitrainswatercollectsinthehollow.Thetreehassuchalotofleavesandbranchesthatthewaterremainscoolandfresh.Itissuchausefultreethatsomepeoplecanhardlylivewithoutit.25.Thetrunkofthebiggestbaobabtree________ingirth周长A.canbenearly32metresB.ismorethan10metresC.islessthan30metresD.isasmuchas10metres26.Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkthebaobabtreeislike?27.Whichofthefollowingmaybetrue?A.WecanfindthebaobabtreeeverywhereinAfricA.B.Thebaobabtreeistoobigforanybodytomakeuseof.C.PeopleinAfricaandAustralialikeaplantbaobabtreesaroundtheirhouses.D.Monkeysliketoeatthefruitofthebaobabtreeverymuch.
AirpollutionsuchashazehasbecomeaseriousproblemaroundtheworlD.Besideswearingamaskwhatelsecanwedotoprotectourselvesfromthedirtyair?Scientistshavedevelopedanewinhaler吸入剂thatcanreducetheeffectairpollutionhasonpeoplE.ItcouldhelpmillionsofpeoplewhoaresufferingfromairpollutiontheGuardianreports.ThisinhalerisdevelopedbyGermancompanyBitopandcontainsamolecule分子namedEctoinE.Themoleculecreatesalayer涂层thatprotectslungsfrompollutedair.It’sreportedthattheinhalerwillbeaffordabletomostpeoplewhenitcomestothemarket.Airpollutionkillsmorethanthreemillionpeopleayearworldwideandleadstohealthproblemslikelungandheartdiseaseandstrokesaccordingtoa2016researchprojectinthejournalNaturE.Itisalsolinkedtobraindiseasementalillnessanddiabetes糖尿病.AndreasBilsteinatBitopbelievedthattheinhalercouldbeusefularoundtheworldbecauseairpollutionisnotjustaEuropeanproblem:EspeciallyinAsia－Chinainparticular－thedemandforsuchaproductisevenhigher.ManyChinesecitieshavebeensufferingfromhazE.AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganizationtwoofthe10mostpollutedcitiesintheworldin2015wereinChinA.About800000deathsthatarelinkedtoairpollutiontakeplaceinthecountryeveryyear.HoweversuchinhalersshouldneverbeanexcusefornottryingtostopairpollutionsaidProfessorJeanKrutmannattheLeibnizResearchInstituteforEnvironmentalMedicinE.Thebestthingisthatwehavecleanairandwedon’tneedanyprophylactic预防性的treatmenthesaiD.28.Whatisthenewinhaler?A.Itcanhelpprotecttheenvironment.B.Itcanhelpusreducetheharmofairpollution.C.Itcansolvetheairpollutionproblem.D.Itcanmakethedirtyairclean.29.Fromthethirdparagraphwelearnthat______.A.theinhalercomesfromaUScompanyB.theinhalerisnamedEctoineC.amoleculeintheinhalerformsalayeronlungsD.theinhaler’spricewillnotbetoohighformostpeople30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.AirpollutionkillsmillionsofpeopleayearworldwidE.B.Airpollutioncancausementalillness.C.TherearenoairpollutionproblemsinEuropE.D.AirpollutionisaseriousprobleminChinA.31.WhichisProfessorJeanKrutmann’sopinion?A.SuchinhalersmeanmuchtopeoplE.B.Weshouldtakeactiontocontrolairpollution.C.Wecandependoninhalerstosolveairpollutionproblems.D.We’dbetterproducemoremedicinestotreatlungdiseases.
AirpollutionsuchassmoghasbecomeaseriousproblemaroundtheworlD.Besideswearingamaskwhatelsecanwedotoprotectourselvesfromthedirtyair?Scientistshavedevelopedanewinhaler吸入剂thatcanreducetheeffectairpollutionhasonpeoplE.ItcouldhelpmillionsofpeoplewhoaresufferingfromairpollutiontheGuardianreports.ThisinhalerisdevelopedbyGermancompanyBitopandcontainsamolecule分子namedEctoinE.Themoleculecreatesalayer涂层thatprotectslungsfrompollutedair.It’sreportedthattheinhalerwillbeaffordabletomostpeoplewhenitcomestothemarket.Airpollutionkillsmorethanthreemillionpeopleayearworldwideandleadstohealthproblemslikelungandheartdiseaseandstrokesaccordingtoa2015researchprojectinthejournalNaturE.Itisalsolinkedtobraindiseasementalillnessanddiabetes糖尿病.AndreasBilsteinatBitopbelievedthattheinhalercouldbeusefularoundtheworldbecauseairpollutionisnotjustaEuropeanproblem:EspeciallyinAsia－Chinainparticular－thedemandforsuchaproductisevenhigher.ManyChinesecitieshavebeensufferingfromsmog.AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganizationtwoofthe10mostpollutedcitiesintheworldin2014wereinChinA.About800000deathsthatarelinkedtoairpollutiontakeplaceinthecountryeveryyear.HoweversuchinhalersshouldneverbeanexcusefornottryingtostopairpollutionsaidProfessorJeanKrutmannattheLeibnizResearchInstituteforEnvironmentalMedicinE.Thebestthingisthatwehavecleanairandwedon’tneedanyprophylactic预防性的treatmenthesaiD.32.Whatisthenewinhaler?A.Itcanhelpprotecttheenvironment.B.Itcanmakethedirtyairclean.C.Itcansolvetheairpollutionproblem.D.Itcanhelpusreducetheharmofairpollution.33.Fromthethirdparagraphwelearnthat______.A.theinhalercomesfromaUScompanyB.theinhalerisnamedEctoineC.amoleculeintheinhalerformsalayeronlungsD.theinhaler’spricewillbetoohighformostpeople34.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.AirpollutionkillsmillionsofpeopleayearworldwidE.B.Airpollutioncancausementalillness.C.TherearenoairpollutionproblemsinEuropE.D.AirpollutionisaseriousprobleminChinA.35.WhichisProfessorJeanKrutmann’sopinion?A.Suchinhalersdon’tmeanmuchtopeoplE.B.Weshouldtakeactiontocontrolairpollution.C.Wecandependoninhalerstosolveairpollutionproblems.D.We’dbetterproducemoremedicinestotreatlungdiseases.
TheArcticwillsoonbefreefromiceexpertssay.Thechangeisboundtotakeplacebuttheglobalwarmingandclimatechangearechangingtheearth’slandscape地形rapidlycausingpanicworldwidE.ExpertssaythattheArcticseaiceismelting融化quitefasterthanexpectedanditcanaffectnotjusttheregionbutEarthingeneral.A.scientistevensaysthatnextyearormaybetheyearafterthattheArcticwillbefreeoficE.PeterWadhamsascientistsaidthatthemeltingtrendledtohisstatement.MostpeopleexpectthisyearwillseearecordlowintheArctic’ssummersea-icecover.NextyearortheyearafterthatIthinkitwillbefreeoficeinsummerandbythatImeanthecentralArcticwillbeice-freePeterWadhamsdirectoroftheScottPolarInstituteinCambridgesaidinaninterviewwiththeGuardian.YouwillbeabletocrossovertheNorthPolebyshipPeterWadhamsaddeD.HestronglybelievesthatalthoughsomepiecesoficewillremaintheArcticbasinmaybefreeofseaiceinthenexttwoyearsstartinginthesummerof2017.Wadhams’studysaysthatmeltingseaicewillhaveagreatinfluenceontheplanetsincetheseaiceismorecapableofreflecting反射sunlightcomparedtowaterthatcanonlyreflect10%ofthesunlight.Oncetheseaicemeltsthewatercanonlyreflectasmallamountofsunlight.ThismeansthattheEarthwillreceiveandabsorbmoresunlightmakingtheplanetevenhotter.Theyear2016hasalreadybrokenrecordsofthehottesttemperatureeverrecordedandthetrenddoesn’tseemtoshowanydecreaseinglobalwarming.Itdoesn’tlookliketheiceishealingandgrowingbackTomWagnerNASA’smanagerforcryosphere冰冻圈researchsaidinastatement.LikeWadhamsscientistsandresearchersallovertheworldarelecturingaroundtoeducatepeopletohelplightenglobalwarmingthathasalreadychangedtheplanet’slandscapE.32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofglobalwarmingandclimatechange?A.IndifferentB.AnxiousC.UnbelievableD.Misunderstood33.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Whatexpertssayhascausedworldwidefearandgreatanxiety.B.ThespeedoftheArcticseaicebeingmeltedisbeyondexpectation.C.ThemeltingoftheArcticseaiceonlyhasagreateffectonthisregion.D.It’simpossiblethattheArcticwillbefreefromiceinoneortwoyears.34.WhywouldtheEarthbecomeevenhotteriftheseaicemelted?Because_____.A.morewaterwillcovertheearth.B.therearemorehoursofdaylight.C.thewaterwillreflectmoresunlight.D.moreheatwouldbetakeninbytheearth.35.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.AccordingtosomeexpertstheArcticmaybefreefromicesoonbecauseofglobalwarmingandclimatechangE.B.TheArcticmeltingseaicewillaffecttheplanetgreatly.C.TheArcticwillbefreefromiceintwoyears.D.Globalwarmingarechangingtheearth’slandscapequickly.
OurriskofcancerrisesdramaticallyasweagE.Soitmakessensethattheelderlyshouldberoutinelyscreenedfornewtumors—ordoesn’tit?Whilesuchvigilant警觉的trackingofcancerisagoodthingingeneralresearchersareincreasinglyquestioningwhetherallofthistestingisnecessaryfortheelderly.Withthepercentageofpeopleoverage65expectedtonearlydoubleby2050it’simportanttoweighthehealthbenefitsofscreeningagainsttherisksandcostsofroutinetesting.Inmanycasesscreeningcanleadtoadditionalbiopsies活检andsurgeriestoremovecancerwhichcancausesideeffectswhilethecancersthemselvesmaybeslow-growingandmaynotposeserioushealthproblemsinpatients’remainingyears.Butthemessagethateveryonemustscreenforcancerhasbecomesoingrained根深蒂固的thatwhenhealthcareexpertsrecommendedthatwomenunder50andover74stopscreeningforbreastcanceritcausedariotousreactionamongdoctorspatientsandadvocacygroups.It’shardtouprootdeeplyheldbeliefsaboutcancerscreeningwithscientificdatA.Certainlytherearepeopleoverage75whohavehadcancersdetectedbyroutinescreeningandgainedseveralextrayearsoflifebecauseoftreatment.Andclearlypeopleoverage75whohaveotherriskfactorsforcancersuchasafamilyhistoryorpriorpersonalexperiencewiththediseaseshouldcontinuetogetscreenedregularly.Butfortheremaindertheriskofcancerwhileincreasedattheendoflifemustbebalancedwithotherfactorslikeremaininglifeexpectancy预期寿命.Arecentstudysuggeststhatdoctorsstarttomakemoreobjectivedecisionsaboutwhowilltrulybenefitfromscreening-especiallyconsideringtheexplosionoftheelderlythatwillsoonswellourpopulation.It’snotaneasycalculationtomakebutonethatmakesenseforthewholepatient.Dr.OtisBrawleysaidManydoctorsareorderingthesetestspurelytocoverthemselves.Weneedtothinkabouttherational合理的useofhealthcareandstoptalkingabouttherationingofhealthcarE.Thatmeansmakingsomedifficultdecisionswithelderlypatientsandgoingagainstthemisguidedbeliefthatwhenitcomestohealthcaremoreisalwaysbetter.56.Whydodoctorsrecommendroutinecancerscreeningforelderlypeople?A.ItisbelievedtocontributetolonglifE.B.ItispartoftheirhealthcarepackagE.C.Theelderlyaremoresensitiveabouttheirhealth.D.Theelderlyareingreaterdangeroftumor肿瘤growth.57.Howdosomeresearchersnowlookatroutinecancerscreeningfortheelderly?A.Itaddstoomuchtotheirmedicalbills.B.Ithelpsincreasetheirlifeexpectancy.C.Theyaredoubtfulaboutnecessity.D.TheythinkitdoesmorethangooD.58.Whatistheconventionalviewaboutwomenscreeningforbreastcancer?A.Itappliestowomenover50.B.Itisamustforadultwomen.C.Itisoptionalforyoungwomen.D.Itdoesn’tapplytowomenover74.59.Whydomanydoctorsprescriberoutinescreeningforcancer?A.Theywanttoprotectthemselvesagainstmedicaldisputes.B.Theywanttotakeadvantageofthemedicalcaresystem.C.Theywantdataformedicalresearch.D.Theywanttheirpatientstosufferless.
TheInternetplaysabigpartinhumanlifE.Weuseitforworkandentertainment.WecanfindnewrecipesontheInternetoradviceonstayinghealthy.WecanevenuseittolearnanewlanguagE.WecanusetheInternettokeepincontactwithfamilyandfriendsandstayintouchwithissueswecareabout.Thelistgoesonandon.SotheremaybenogoingbacktoanInternet-freelifE.ButcanusingtheInternettoomuchbebadforourhealth?Itmightbesayresearchers.A.newstudyfindsthatheavyInternetusemaybeconnectedtohighbloodpressureinanunlikelygroup---teenagers.Sotrytobearesponsibleguardian监护人.Thestudyresultsshowthatteenswhospendatleast14hoursaweekonlineweremorelikelytohavehighbloodpressurE.HighbloodpressuremakesyourheartandbloodvesselsworktooharD.OvertimethisextrastrainincreasesyourriskofaheartattackorstrokE.HighbloodpressurecanalsocauseheartandkidneydiseasE.Itisalsocloselylinkedtosomeformofdementia痴呆orabraindiseasE.TheHenryFordHospitalinDetroitMichigandidthestudy.Itinvolved335youngpeoplefrom14to17yearsolD.Onehundredthirty-fouroftheteensweredescribedasheavyInternetusers.ResearcherssaythestudyisthefirstonetoconnectheavywebusewithhighbloodpressurE.OtherresearchhasconnectedthatheavyInternetusewithhealthproblemsincludinganxietydepressionandobesity.TheleadresearcherofthestudyisAndreaCassidy-Bushrow.ForthepurposeofthestudysheexplainsteensconsideredheavyInternetuserswereonlineonaverage25hoursaweek.Itisimportantforteenstotakeregularbreaksfromtheircomputersorsmartphonesandtodosomekindofphysicalactivity.Shealsosuggeststhatparentslimittheirchildren’suseoftheInternettotwohoursadayfivedaysaweek.TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionCDCsays70millionor29%ofAmericanadultshavehighbloodpressurE.TheCDCestimatesthathighbloodpressurecoststheUnitedStates＄46billioneachyear.28.Theauthormainlywantstotellus______.A.howtopreventhighbloodpressurE.B.toomuchInternetusemaybebadforteenagers.C.it’snecessaryforteenagerstoavoidtheInternet.D.heavyInternetusewillworsenteenagers’memory.29.Thefirstparagraphofthetextisusedto______.A.introducethetopicB.analyzethecausesC.offersomeopinionsD.makesomesuggestions.30.AccordingtoCasssidy-Bushrowteenagers’useoftheInternetshouldbelimitedto_____.A.25hoursaweekB.twohoursaweekC.tenhoursaweekD.fivehoursaweek31.Thetextismainlyintendedfor_______.A.parentsB.teachersC.web-designersD.students
Wanttotakeanout-of-this-worldtrip?RichardBranson’sVirginGalacticplanstomakethatpossiblE.Beginningin2009peopleshouldhavetheopportunitytobecomespacetouriststravelingatabout3000mphtoheightsabout75milesaboveEarth.Bransonhashighhopesforhislatestplans.Itisjustthestartofwhatwebelievewillbeanewageinthehistoryofmankind—onedaymakingtheaffordableexplorationofspacebyhumanbeingsarealpossibilityhesaiD.Atthestartthoughthetripwon’tbecheap.SeatsaboardVirgin’sfirstcraft船—VSSEnterprise—willcostabout$200000.Pricescoulddropafterthefirsthundredspaceflights.Despitethecurrentticketcostmorethan30000people—includingcelebrities名人SigoumeyWeaverandVictoriaPrincipal—haveexpressedinterestingettingonboarD.Peoplewhodon'thaveanextra$200000stillhaveachancetogetaseataboardthecraft.A.computergamecontestandarealitytelevisionshowareintheworks.Thosewhocan’taffordaticketwillhaveanopportunitytowinaseat.Virginisexpectedtobethefirstcommercialspacecraft.Itwillholdsixpassengersandtwopilots.PassengerswillbeabletoseetheEarthfrommanydifferentviewpoints.Thecabinwillinclude15floor-to-ceilingwindowsallowingforviewsthatextendabout1000milesinanydirection.Passengerswillhavethreedaysofpreflightpreparation.OnthebigdaythespacecraftwilltakeofffromtheMojaveSpaceportintheCaliforniadesert.ThecraftwillrocketpassengersintospaceatfourtimesthespeedofsounD.Thejourneywilllastabout21/2hours.Passengerswillwearspacesuitsandhelmets.Theywillbeabletofloataroundthecabinanddosomersaults空翻duringthefiveminutesofweightlessnesstheywillexperienceinzerogravity.Attheendoftheflightthecraftwilllandonarunway.56.VirginGalacticcouldbe_____.A.theengineerofthefirstcommercialspacecraftB.thenameofaseriesofspacecraftsC.thecompanyofthefirstcommercialspacecraftD.apassengeraboardthefirstcommercialspacecraft57.ThespacepassengerswilldoallthefollowingEXCEPTthat_____.A.theywillreceiveathree-daytrainingcourseB.theywillwearspacesuitsandhelmetsC.theywilltakeabout$200000withthemD.theywillexperienceweightlessness58.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Morethan30000peoplehavegottotravelinspacecraft.B.Manypeoplesignedupforspacetravelinspiteofthehighticketcost.C.Thosewithoutmuchmoneycouldalsogospacetravelwithoutoccupyingtheseats.D.ThefirstcommercialspacecraftwillhavesixpersonsonboarD.59.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theexcitingmomentofthespacecraft’slaunching.B.Thelivingconditionofspacetouristsinthecraft.C.Preparationsforaspacetravel.D.Plansforthefirstcommercialspaceflight.
Anewphoneappusesvibrations振动fromsmartphonestoalertpeopleaboutearthquakes.Thephoneapprecognizessuddenshakingoftheearth’ssurfacethroughsensorsinsmartphones.ThenewappiscalledMyShakE.ItistheworkoffourresearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley.TheysaidtheycreatedaworldwidewarningsystemthatwouldinformpeopleandgivethemtimetopreparE.Smartphonesareequippedwithaccelerometers.Theymeasureaccelerationmovementofearth.LikethatofacarofairplanE.TheycanalsomeasuretheshakingofamachinebuildingorotherstructurE.AccelerometersareusedinactivitytrackersandappsthatcountstepsorotherexercisE.TheyalsoareusedinglobalpositioningsystemappsalsocalledGPS.MyShakeusesphoneaccelerometerstomeasureseismic地震的activity.Ithasbeenprogrammedtoknowthedifferencebetweennormalactivityandearthquakemovement.Thesoftwaredeveloperssaytheirappright93percentofthetimE.Asmartphonesendsseismicinformationtotheappdevelopers.Ifthedevelopersreceiveseveralnotificationsfromoneareaitrecognizesthatanearthquakemaybetakingplaceorwilltakeplacesoon.UsinginformationsentfromtheappthenetworkthenestimatesthelocationandstrengthofthequakeinrealtimE.MyShakecanrecordmagnitude震级5.0earthquakesatdistancesof10kilometersofless.MyShakeusesverylittlepoweraccordingtoitsdevelopers.Onlywhenseismicactivityissensedbytheappdoesitbecomeactiveandsendsdatatothenetwork.MyShakecanaddtoinformationcollectedbytheU.SGeologicalSurvey.ThatU.SagencyhascreatedtheEarthquakeEarlyWarningSystemalsoknownastheEEW.TheEEWhasdeployed安置sensorsformeasuringquakesinmanyareas.InplaceswherenosuchequipmentexistsMyShakemaybetheonlymethodofearlyquakedetection.Ourgoalistobuildaworldwideseismicnetworkandusethedatatoreducetheeffectsofearthquakesonusasindividualsandonsocietyasawholesaytheresearchers.ThedeveloperssaytheyhopetoaddafeaturethatwouldwarnpeopleaboutapossibletsunamiorthehugewavesafteranearthquakE.33.Whichofthefollowingisafunctionofaccelerometers?A.PositioningthelocationofacarofairplanE.B.Measuringspeedupmovementofearth.C.Keepingtrackofsmartphones.D.Creatingaworldwidewarningsystem.34.AccordingtothetextMyShakecan.A.addtoinformationcollectedbytheU.S.GeologicalSurveyB.recordmagnitude5.0earthquakesatdistancesof10kmormoreC.betheonlymethodofearlyquakedetectionD.usephoneaccelerometerstopreventseismicactivity35.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Aninstrumenttowarnpeopleabouttsunami.B.A.smartphonetomeasurethemovementofearth.C.A.phoneapptowarnpeopleaboutearthquakes.D.A.phoneapptoreducetheeffectsofearthquakes.
Someeducatorstoldusthatmoreyearsofschoolcouldhelpstudentsgethigherscoresonintelligencetests.Thatwasafindingofastudyofteenagemalesinsomecountries.Nowanotherresearchshowsthatphysicalactivitymayhelpstudentsdobetterintheirclasses.Theresearchcomesaseducatorsinsomecountriesarereducingtimeforactivitieslikephysicaleducation.Theyareusingthetimeinsteadforacademic学术的subjectslikemathandreading.Thestudiesappearedbetween2008and2014.Theyincludedmorethan55000childrenaged6to18.AmikaSingh:AccordingtotheresultsofourstudywecanconcludethatbeingphysicallyactiveisbeneficialforacademicperformancE.TherearefirstPhysiologicalexplanationslikemorebloodflowandsomoreoxygentothebrain.Beingphysicallyactivemeanstherearemorehormones荷尔蒙producedlikeendorphins内啡肽.Andendorphinsmakeyourstresslevellowerandyourmoodimprovedwhichmeansyoualsoperformbetter.Alsostudentstakingpartinorganizedsportslearnrulesandhowtofollowthem.Thiscouldimprovetheirclassroombehaviorandhelpthemkeeptheirmindontheirwork.Thestudyleavessomequestionsunansweredhowever.Ms.Stashsaysitisnotpossibletosaywhethertheamountorkindofactivityaffectedthelevelofacademicimprovement.Thisisbecauseofdifferencesamongthestudies.Theresearcherssaidtheyfoundonlytwohigh-qualitystudies.Theyneededmorehigh-qualitystudiestoconfirm证实theirfindings.Theyalsopointedoutthatresultsforotherpartsoftheworldmaybequitedifferent.Stillthegeneralfindingwasthatphysicallyactivekidsaremorelikelytodobetterinschool.Ms.Singhsaysschoolsshouldconsiderthatfindingbeforetheycutphysicaleducationprograms.HerpaperonPhysicalActivityandPerformanceatSchoolispublishedintheArchivesofPediatricandAdolescentMedicine.27.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat________.A.aresearchonphysicaleducationhasbeendonebytheresearchersB.thereisapossibilitythatphysicalactivityleadstohighergradesC.theamountorkindofactivitydirectlyaffectsacademiclevelD.theresearchshowsthatthechildrenaged6to18don'tdosports28.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Beingmentallyactiveisgoodforacademicsubjects.B.Themorehormonesyouhavethemorestressedyouwillget.C.Theresearchershavefoundmanyhigh-qualitystudiestoprovetheresearch.D.Theeducatorsinsomecountriesthinkstudiesnotexercisemeanmuchtostudents.29.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph6probablymeans________.A.goodmarksresultfromhigh-qualitystudy.B.findingsareprobablydifferentindifferentareas.C.physicalactivitywillspreadallovertheworlD.D.academicperformancedependsonthesurroundings.30.What'sthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Tocallourattentiontothesportsatschool.B.Tointroducealltypesofphysicalactivities.C.TorepresenttheacademicperformancE.D.Toimprovestudents’health.
InthePacificNorthwestthereisakindofowl猫头鹰thatservesasauniquepiecetotheNorthwesthabitat栖息地—thenorthernspottedowl.Northernspottedowlsareknowntobecurious.Whenseeingyoutheseowlswillcomedowncloseandcheckyouout.Thenorthernspottedowlhasbeenasaviorofold-growthforests.Old-growthforestsareforeststhathavebeenaroundforalongtimewithoutsignificantdisturbances.Onewaythespottedowlhasbecomeaprotectorofold-growthforestsissimplybybeingtherE.Thenorthernspottedowlhasbecomeendangeredandsotoprotectthemfromdyingoutthegovernmenthastoprotecttheirhabitat.Sonowanydestructionofold-growthforestsisillegal.Anotherwaytheowlshelptheirhabitatisbyeatingsmallanimals.Thishelpscreateabalanceintheforest.Soifthenorthernspottedowlisinahabitatthatisprotectedbylawswhyaretheystillendangered?UnfortunatelyacousinofthenorthernspottedowlhasmovedintoitsneighborhooD.ThebiggermoreaggressivebarredowlhasgrowninpopulationandduetolossoftheforeststheylivedinontheEastCoastoftheUnitedStatestheyhavebeguntomovetothewestcoast.TheseowlsaretakingthefoodsourceandpushingnorthernspottedowlsoutoftheirownhomE.Althoughthebarredowlisabletoliveindifferenthabitatsthenorthernspottedowlcanonlyliveinold-growthforests.ManygovernmentofficialshavebeenatalosstofindananswertothedifficultquestionWhatdowedowiththenon-nativebarredowls?Somemethodsincludeshootingthem.Itisadifficultproblemtodealwith.Canyouthinkofanypossiblesolutions?24.Thenorthernspottedowl_______.A.isparticularaboutitsfoodB.hasdifficultyadaptingtoanewhabitatC.seemsdangerousandaggressiveD.isacommonbirdintheUSA25.Old-growthforestsseemto_______.A.becomelesssafefortheowlsB.benefitfromnorthernspottedowlsC.beindangerofdyingoutD.regrowatafastspeed26.Northernspottedowlsareindangermainlybecauseof_______.A.illegalhuntingB.thedestructionoftheforestsC.anotherkindofowlD.environmentalpollution27.Themethodsbeingusedtohelpnorthernspottedowlsare_______.A.creativeB.far-sightedC.unbearableD.ineffective
Scientistsaretryingtomakethedesertsintogoodlandagain.Theywanttobringwatertothedesertssopeoplecanliveandgrowfood.Theyarelearningalotaboutthedeserts.Butmoreandmoreoftheearthisbecomingdesertallthetime.Scientistsmaynotbeabletochangethedesertintime.WhyismoreandmorelandbecomingdesertScientiststhinkthatpeoplemakedeserts.Peoplearedoingbadthingstotheearth.Someplacesontheearthdon’tgetmuchrain.Buttheystilldon’tbecomedeserts.Thisisbecausesomegreenplantsaregrowingthere.Smallgreenplantsandgrassareveryimportanttodryplaces.Plantsdon’tletthesunmaketheearthevendrier.Plantsdonotletthewindblowthedirtaway.Whenabitofrainfallstheplantsholdthewater.Withoutplantsthelandcanbecomedesertmoreeasily.16.Deserts＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.neverhaveanyplantsoranimalsinthemB.canallbeturnedintogoodlandbeforelongC.arebecomingsmallerandsmallerD.getverylittlerain17.Smallgreenplantsareveryimportanttodryplacesbecause＿＿＿.A.theydon’tletthesunmaketheearthevendrierB.theydon’tletthewindblowthesoilawayC.theyholdwaterD.Alloftheabove.18.Landisbecomingdesertlittlebylittlebecause＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.plantscan’tgrowthereB.thereisnotenoughrainC.peoplehaven’tdonewhatscientistswishthemtodoD.scientistsknowlittleaboutthedeserts19.Afterreadingthispassagewelearnthat＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.plantscankeepdrylandfrombecomingdesertB.itisgoodtogetridofthegrassinthedesertsC.allplaceswithoutmuchrainwillbecomedesertsD.itisbettertogrowcropsondrylandthantocutthem20.WhyismoreandmorelandbecomingdesertaccordingtothispassageA.Earthquakesmakedeserts.B.Windmakesdeserts.C.Lackofwatermakesdeserts.D.Peoplemakedeserts.
Elderlywomenwhoeatfoodshigherinpotassium钾arelesslikelytohavestrokesanddiethanwomenwhoeatlesspotassium-richfoodsaccordingtonewresearchintheAmericanHeartAssociation.PreviousstudieshaveshownthatpotassiumconsumptionmaylowerbloodpressurE.Butwhetherpotassiumintakecouldpreventstrokeordeathwasn’tclearsaidSmollerprofessorofthedepartmentofpopulationhealthatAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicineBronxNY.Researchersstudied90137womenagedfrom50to79foranaverage11years.Theylookedathowmuchpotassiumthewomenconsumedaswellasiftheyhadstrokesincludingischemicstrokes缺血性中风ordiedduringthestudyperioD.Womeninthestudywerestroke-freeatthestartandtheiraveragedietarypotassiumintakewas2611mg/day.Resultsofthisstudyarebasedonpotassiumfromfoodnotsupplements.Theresearchersfound:Womenwhoatethemostpotassiumwere12percentlesslikelytosufferstrokeingeneraland16percentlesslikelytosufferanischemicstrokethanwomenwhoatetheleast.Womenwhoatethemostpotassiumwere10percentlesslikelytodiethanthosewhoatetheleast.Amongwomenwhodidnothavehighbloodpressurethosewhoatethemostpotassiumhada27percentlowerischemicstrokeriskand21percentreducedriskforallstroketypescomparedtowomenwhoatetheleastpotassiumintheirdailydiets.Amongwomenwithhighbloodpressurethosewhoatethemostpotassiumhadalowerriskofdeathbutpotassiumintakedidnotlowertheirstrokerisk.Ourfindingssuggestthatwomenneedtoeatmorepotassium-richfoods.Youwon’tfindhighpotassiuminjunkfooD.Somefoodsrichinpotassiumincludewhiteandsweetpotatoesbananasandwhitebeans.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculturerecommendsthatwomeneatatleast4700mgofpotassiumdaily.Only2.8percentofwomeninourstudymetorwentbeyondthislevel.TheWorldHealthOrganization’sdailypotassiumrecommendationforwomenislowerat3510mgormorE.Stillonly16.6percentofwomenwestudiedmetorwentbeyondthatsaidSmoller.Whileincreasingpotassiumintakeisprobablyagoodideaformostelderlywomentherearesomepeoplewhohavetoomuchpotassiumintheirbloodwhichcanbedangeroustotheheart.PeopleshouldcheckwiththeirdoctorabouthowmuchpotassiumtheyshouldeatshesaiD.Thestudywasobservationalandincludedonlyelderlywomen.Researchersalsodidnottakesodium钠intakeintoconsiderationsothepotentialimportanceofabalancebetweensodiumandpotassiumisnotamongthefindings.ResearcherssaidmorestudiesareneededtodeterminewhetherpotassiumhasthesameeffectsonmenandyoungerpeoplE.61.Thebenefitsofpotassiumintaketoelderlywomendonotinclude______.A.preventingstrokesB.reducingheartattacksC.cuttingdowndeathrisksD.loweringbloodpressure62.WhichofthefollowingfiguremeetsthedailypotassiumintakerecommendationoftheWorldHealthOrganization?A.4000mgB.3500mgC.3000mgD.2500mg63.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheresearchfindings?A.Increasingpotassiumisdefinitelyagoodideaforallelderlywomen.B.Elderlywomenwithhighbloodpressurebenefitmorefrompotassium.C.PotassiumintakeismorebeneficialtothosewithouthighbloodpressurE.D.Therewasnotanyassociationbetweenpotassiumintakeandischemicstrokes.64.Theauthor’spurposeforwritingthispassageisto______.A.presentareportonanewresearchB.showtheimportanceofagoodlifestyleC.giveinformationaboutachemicalelementD.encourageelderlywomentotakepotassium
ADAYOUTINBRITAINAreyouplanningtovisitBritain?Hereareafewsuggestionsforabeautifulweekendaway.BournemouthThisfamoustouristtownhas11kmofbeautifulbeaches.Lastyear10000touristsvisitedthisbeautifultown.It’stheperfectplacetogoswimmingorsailing.Therearelotsoflovelyparksandgardenstovisitandit’sagreatplacetoeatout.Youcanalsogotoaclassicalconcertorgodancinginoneofthenightclubs.Stratford-upon-AvonThiswasWilliamShakespeare’shometown.HespentmostofhislifeinthistownandwrotehisplaysherE.YoucanvisithishouseorseehisplaysatoneoftheRoyalShakespeareCompany’stheatres.Therearesomeinterestingmuseumsandlotsofbeautiful500-year-oldhousE.YoucanalsogoonboattripsandvisittraditionalEnglishvillages.AlfordDeepintheLincolnshirecountrysideisthepleasantmarkettownofAlforD.Itisknownforitsfive-sailedwindmill风车.Haveawalkroundthislovelyoldplaceandyou’llseemanypleasanthousesfromasfarbackasthe17thcentury.CaptainJamesSmithwhowasoneofthefoundersofJamestowninVirginiaUSAwaseducatedinAlforD.BathMostpeoplecomeheretoseethe2’000-year-oldRomanBaths.Butthiscityisalsofamousforitsbeautiful18thcenturybuildingsandwasthehomeofthewriterJaneAusten.YoucanlearnaboutherlifeattheJaneAustenCentrenearQueen’sSquarE.InthepastBathwasalsopopularwiththeroyalfamilyandQueenElizabethIspentoneortwoweekseveryyearherE.21.WhatcanvisitorsdoinBournemouth?A.Enjoyplays.B.Gotomuseums.C.Doseasports.D.Visitfishingvillages.22.WhatisAlfordfamousfor?A.Itsstars.B.Itsmarket.C.Itswindmill.D.Itsnightclubs.23.WhichplacedidaqueenofEnglandusetovisitregularly?A.Bath.B.AlforD.C.Stratford-upon-Avon.D.Bournemouth.
Candogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehome?Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight.A.recentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeofsuccess.Accordingtothestudyifthecatisadoptedbeforethedogandiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyounglessthan6monthsforcatsayearfordogsitishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Twothirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.ziyuanku.comHoweveritwasn'tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomeswhileaggressionandfightingwereobservedin10%ofthehomes.OnereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejustoppositE.Forexamplewhenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsaggressionwhileadogdoingthesamesignalssubmission.Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefullyresearchersobservedasurprisingbehavior.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother'slanguagE.Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalkdoganddogscanlearnhowtotalkcat.What'sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligencE.Theycanlearntoreadeachother'sbodysignalssuggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwepreviouslysuspecteD.Oncefamiliarwitheachother'spresenceandbodylanguagecatsanddogscanplaytogethergreeteachothernosetonoseandenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofA.Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom梳理eachother.Thesignificanceofthisresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpets—topeoplewhodon'tgetalongincludingneighborscolleaguesatworkandevenworldsuperpowers.IfcatsanddogscanlearntogetalongsurelypeoplehaveagoodchancE.28.TheunderlinedwordswimminglyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto________.A.earlyB.smoothlyC.quicklyD.sweetly29.Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen________.A.theyarecoldtoeachotherB.theylookawayfromeachotherC.theymisunderstandeachother'ssignalsD.theyareintroducedatanearlyage30.ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs________.A.havecommoninterestsB.arelessdifferentthanwasthoughtC.haveacommonbodylanguageD.arelessintelligentthanwasexpected31.Whatcanwehumanbeingslearnfromcatsanddogs?A.Weshouldlearntoliveinharmony.B.Weshouldknowmoreaboutanimals.C.Weshouldliveinpeacewithanimals.D.Weshouldlearnmorebodylanguages.
Securityguardtruckdriversalesperson---yearafteryearthesejobsappearonlistsoftheunhappiestcareers.Althoughmanyfactorscanmakeajobunhappyunusualhourslowpaynochanceforadvancement---thesethreegigsstandoutforanotherreason:alackofsmalltalk.Psychologistshavelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersiscentraltowell-beingbutjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderinvestigation.Inonestudyresearcherseavesdropped窃听onundergraduatesforfourdaysthencatalogedeachoverheardconversationaseithersmalltalkWhatdoyouhavethere?Popcorn?Yummy!orseriousSodidtheygetdivorcedsoonafter?.Theyfoundthatthesecondtyperelatedwithhappiness---thehappieststudentshadroughlytwiceasmanyserioustalksastheunhappiestones.Smalltalkmeanwhilemadeuponly10percentoftheirconversationversusalmost30percentofconversationamongtheleastcontentstudents.Howeverdon'tjustconsiderchatworthlessyet.Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotelinking.Chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.InaseriesofexperimentspsychologistsgaveChicagotravelersvaryingdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowtrainpassengerssomethingtheytypicallyavoideD.ThosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourneythanthosetoldtoenjoyyourbeingaloneortodowhatevertheynormallywoulD.NoneofthechattersreportedbeingrejecteD.Andtheresultsheldforintroverts内向者andextroverts外向者alikewhichmakessensesinceactingextrovertedhasapositiveeffectonintroverts.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.PeoplewhosmiledatmadeeyecontactwithandbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksreportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthebusiness.SimilarlyonenotyetpublishedpaperfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilenceoftheTateModerntochatwithgallerygoersthevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproacheD.Sogoaheadpry.Chitchatneedn’tbeidlE.Andnosinessisn’tallbaD.25.Theauthorattributestheunhappinessfeltbysecurityguardstruckdriversandsalespeopleto______.A.unusualhoursandlowpayB.alackofsmalltalkC.nochanceforadvancementD.anabsenceofseriousconversation26Whatwastheconclusionofthestudymentionedinthesecondparagraph?A.Connectingwithothersiscentraltoourwell-beingB.Werequire30minutesofconversationeverydaytobehappyC.seriousconversationislinkedtohappinessD.smalltalkcannothelpmakeusfeelhappy27TheauthorusedtheTateModernexampletodemonstratethat____A.connectingwithothersiskeytoourhappinessB.unseriousconversationcouldpromotebondingC.smalltalkcanhelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundingsD.smilingcanhelppeoplegainagreatsenseofbelonging28.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?
MostkindsofroseplantscomefromAsiA.ButrosesarealsonativetootherareasincludingnorthwestAfricaEuropeandtheUnitedStates.In1986CongresschosetheroseasAmerica’snationalflower.TechnicallyCongressandPresidentRonaldReagandeclareditthenationalfloralemblem.Whateverthenamethedecisiondidnotsmellsweettoloversofotherflowers.Somepeoplesayrosesaredifficulttogrow.Butyouhaveagoodchanceofsuccessifyoustartwithafewsuggestionsfromexperts.Youcanbuyrosesformagardencenterorbymailorder.Youcanbuypottedrosesalsoknownascontainerrosesorbare-rootplants.Eachkindhasitsfans.Somegardenerssaypottedrosesareeasiertoplant.Theysaytherootsdevelopbetter.Butbare-rootrosescomewithoutsoilmakingthemweighlesstotransport.Anotherexpertadvisesgettingbare-footrosesasclosetoplantingtimeasyoucan.Youshouldplantyourroseswheretheycangetsunshineoraboutsixhoursonbrightdays.Iftheyarrivebeforeyouarereadytoplantthemmakesurethepackingmaterialismoist.KeeptheplantsinacooldarkplacE.Therestingplantshavenoleavesbutstillneedwater.Whengrowingrosesthesoilshouldfeelmoistdeepdown.Wateringshouldbedoneinthemorning.InnormalconditionsplacingmulcharoundroseplantsisagoodideA.Mulchsuppressesweedsandholdsmoistureinthesoil.Youcanusemulchmadefromgrassesorleaves.Ifyoursoilisverydryyoucanaddsoilandcompostwhichreturnsnutrientstothesoil.Ifaphidsorotherinsectsinvadeyourbushesyoumaybeabletoforcethemoffwithjustastrongsprayofwater.32.WhatinformationcanwegetfromParagraphone?A.AllrosesoriginatedfromAsiA.B.RosesaredifficulttogrowinEuropE.C.Manycountriesalsogrowroses.D.Otherflowersdidnotsmellsweet.33.Whenyouplantrosesyoushould.A.PlanttheminthewetsoilB.PlanttheminabrightdayC.FindacoolanddarkplacetoplantthemD.Avoidwateringthematdusk34.Theunderlinedwordsuppressesinthelastparagraphprobablymeans.A.promotesB.controlsC.ignoresD.organizes35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtochooseroses.B.Wheretogrowroses.C.Howtogrowroses.D.Whentoplantroses.
Eatlikeakinginthemorningaprinceatnoonandapeasantatnight.Thissayingisallabouttheimportanceofbreakfast.Andnowscientistscantellusjustwhyit’ssoimportant.AccordingtoastudycarriedoutatImperialCollegeLondonUKskippingthefirstmealofthedaynotonlymeansyoueatmoreatlunchbutalsothatyourbrainwantstofindmoreunhealthyfoods.Thestudysuggeststhatthereisaspecialpartofourbraincalledtheorbitofrontalcortex眶额皮层whichplaysanimportantpartinmakingchoicesaboutwhatweeat.Itisusedforidentifyingthetasteoffoodespeciallywhenskippingbreakfast.Itismorelikelytotargethigh-caloriefoodswhenyou’reonanemptystomach.Scientistsdidanexperimentonthis.DrTonyGoldstonefromImperialCollegeLondonscanned扫描thebrainsof21menandwomenaroundtheageof25.Onthefirstdaythesepeopleskippedbreakfastbeforethescans.Ontheseconddaytheyhadcereal谷物breadandjamasbreakfast.Afterthescanonbothdaystheyhadtheirlunch.Whenthevolunteershadskippedbreakfasttheyatearound20percentmoreatlunchcomparedwithdayswhentheyhadeatenbreakfast.Theirbrainscansalsoshowedtheorbitofrontalcortexwasespeciallyresponsivetohigh-caloriefoods.Webelievethatbitidentifiesthevalueoffoods–howpleasanthowdelicioussomethingisGoldstonetoldTheGuardian.53.FromParagraph1welearnthat.A.scientistsfoundoutwhyeatingbreakfastisimportantB.it’seasytoloseweightwithoutbreakfastC.there’snoneedtohavegoodfoodforsupperD.eatingbreakfastmakesyourbrainsmarter54.Whichisthecorrectorderfortheexperimentonthefirstday?①Thevolunteersskippedbreakfast.②Thevolunteershadlunch.③Thevolunteershadabrainscan.A.①②③B.③②①C.①③②D.③①②55.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheorbitofrontalcortex?A.Itispartofourbrain.B.Ittellspeopletoeatbreakfast.C.ItdecideswhichfoodwelikE.D.Itisactivetowardhigh-caloriefoods.56.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitleforthispassage?A.BreakfaststillmostimportantB.ThreemealsadayC.ExperimentsonbreakfastD.Researchesonlunch
AnewgenerationaddictionisquicklyspreadingallovertheworlD.Weboholismatwentiethcenturydiseaseaffectspeoplefromdifferentages.TheysurftheNetuseemailandspeakinchatrooms.Theyspendmanyhoursonthecomputeranditbecomesacompulsivehabit.Theycannotstopanditaffectstheirlives.Tenyearsagonoonethoughtthatusingcomputerscouldbecomecompulsivebehaviorthatcouldaffectthesocialandphysicallifeofcomputerusers.Thisobsessionalbehaviorhasaffectedteenagersandcollegestudents.Theyarelikelytologoncomputersandspendlonghoursatdifferentwebsites.Theybecomehookedoncomputersandgraduallytheirsocialandschoollifeisaffectedbythissituation.Theyspendallfreetimesurfinganddon'tconcentratedonhomeworksothisaddictioninfluencestheirgradesandsuccessatschool.BecausetheycanfindeverythingonthewebsitestheyhangouttherE.MoreoverthisaddictiontowebsitesinfluencestheirsociallifE.Theyspendmoretimeinfrontofcomputersthanwiththeirfriends.Therelationwiththeirfriendschanges.ThevirtuallifebecomesmoreimportantthantheirreallifE.Theyhaveanewlanguagethattheyspeakinthechatroomsanditcausesculturalchangesinsociety.Becauseofthechangeintheirbehaviortheybegintoisolatethemselvesfromthesocietyandlivewiththeirvirtualfriends.TheysharetheiremotionsandfeelingswithfriendswhotheyhavenevermetintheirlifE.AlthoughtheyfeelconfidentonthecomputertheyarenotconfidentwithreallivefriendstheyhaveknownalltheirlifE.ItisaproblemforthefuturE.ThisaddictivebehaviorisbeginningtoaffectalltheworlD.28.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsweboholismis______.A.criticalB.approvingC.optimisticD.tolerant29.Themainideaofthepassageisabout______.A.thecauseofweboholismB.theadvantageofweboholismC.thepopularityofweboholismD.theinfluenceofweboholism30.Theunderlinedworldobsessionalinparagraph2mostprobablymeans______.A.attractiveB.professionalC.addictiveD.hidden31.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.A.weboholismhasthegreatesteffectonteenagersB.virtuallifeismorevividandattractiveanywayC.peopleareaddictedtogamesontheInternetD.studentscanhardlybalancereallifeandvirtuallife
NowaroboticistattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniainLosAngeles.MajaMatarisisleadingateamthatprogramsmachinescalledsociallyassistiverobots.Matariwantsherteam’srobotstohelppeoplewhohavediseasesorphysicaldisabilities.ForexampleapersonwithAlzheimer’sdiseasewhichcausesproblemswithmemoryandbrainfunctionmightneedhelpwithmentalexercises.A.persontryingtoregaintheuseofanarmafterastrokemightneedencouragementtokeepdoinghelpfulexercises.Becausetherearenotenoughpeopletoprovideallofthehelpthat’sneededMatarisaysTechnologyhastostepin.InonestudyMatari’steamtestedarobotwithpeoplerecoveringfromastrokE.A.strokeiscausedbyabrokenbloodvesselinthebrainorabloodclotthatpreventsbloodfromflowingtothebrainSmallregionsofcellsdieduringastrokE.SoafterwardpartofthebodylikeanarmmaybecomeweakornumB.A.patienthastokeepexercisingthatarmtorecover.Thoseexercisescanbedifficultandunpleasanthowever.Matariandhercolleaguesprogrammedaknee-highrobottoaskapatienttoperformanexerciseandtothenmonitorthepatient’smovements.Ifthepersonactivelyusedhisorherarmthisrobotwouldsayencouragingthings.TheteamtestedtherobotwithsixpeopleactuallyrecoveringfromastrokE.Patientstendedtoperformtheirexerciselongerandfollowinstructionsbetterwhentherobotwaspresentthanwithnoprompting.Nexttheresearcherstestedwhethertherobot’spersonallyaffectedhowpeoplerespondedtoit.TherobotcouldbedirectedtomoveinclosespeakloudlyandmakeforcefulstatementssuchasYoucandoit!Othertimestheresearcherswouldprogramtherobottoactmoreshyly.AtthesetimestherobotkeptabitofadistanceandsoftlyofferedgentlesuggestionssuchasIknowit’shardbutrememberit’sforyourowngooD.32.Matariandherteamaredevelopingrobotsthatcouldbeusedwidely.A.inmedicalfieldsB.inlearningandteachingC.insavingpeople’slivesD.inhelpingpeopleoutoftrouble33.BysayingTechnologyhastostepinMatariprobablymeans.A.therobotscantaketheplaceofhumanbeings.B.therobotshavetobeusedtohelpthedisabilitiesC.technologyhasdevelopedrapidlyDtechnologyhasenteredourdailylife34.Accordingtotheteam’sstudytheknee-highrobot.A.couldkeepbloodvesselfrombreakingB.benefitedthepersonwithastokealotC.setagoodexampletotheseriouspatientsD.forcedthepatientstodosometiringthings35.Whycouldunhealthypeoplekeepexercisingforalongertimethanusual?A.Becausetheywereverystrong.B.Becausemovingpencilsinterestedthem.C.Becausetherobotoffereditskindnesstothem.D.Becausetherobot’swordsencouragedthem.
AtypicaldayatworkforCesarMillanmightincludeputtingonhisrunningshoesandtakingafour-hourjogwith40dogs—dogslargeandsmallyoungandolD.Amazinglymostofthosedogsbelongtohim.Therestareattheheartofhiswork;theyaretroubleddogssenttoMillantolearngoodbehavior.ObviouslyMillanstaroftheTVshowDogWhispererandauthorofthebest-sellingbookCesar’sWayhasaspecialgiftforworkingwiththeseanimals.GrowinguponafarminMexicoMillanknewhewantedtoworkwithdogs.Hisfirstjobatage15washelpingaveterinarian兽医.HewassogoodatcalmingscareddogsandhandlingallkindsofsituationsthatpeoplestartedcallinghimelperreroSpanishforthedogboy.Sincethenhehasbuiltarewardingcareeraroundhisfavoriteanimal.MygrandfathertaughtmeatanearlyagenottoworkagainstnaturE.heexplains.Innaturedogsarepackanimals.Theyformagroupandfollowoneleader.Millan’sspecialtyisteachingpeopletobepackleadersfortheirdogs.StudyingdogsonthefarmwherehegrewupMillanrealizedtheyneedlotsofexercisetobecalm.HeexplainshisapproachExerciseandrulesfirstandthenlove!Hesaysalotofpeoplegetitbackwardsbecausetheydon’trealizewhatdogsreallyneeD.Thereforewhilehetrainsdogsheteachesownerstounderstandthattheirpetsneedrules.He’shelpedfamouspeoplelikeOprahWinfreyandmoviestarWillSmithandeverydaypeopletoo.TofindtherightcareerMillanencourageskidstodowhattheyenjoy.Alotofpeopledon’trealizeI’vebeenworkingwithdogsformorethan20years—longbeforemyTVshoworbook.SuccessfollowedmebecauseIwasfollowingmydreamofbeingthebestdogtrainerintheworlD..63.AsateenagerMillanbecamefamousfor_______.A.workingwellwithdogs.B.makingalifeinSpainC.beingaTVstarandwritingabookD.showinglovetomanyanimals64.BysayingdogsarepackanimalsinParA.4theauthormeansthat________.A.dogsliketolivewithpeopleB.dogsareeasiertobetrainedC.fewdogscanbeleadersD.dogsshouldliveingroups65.WhichofthefollowingwouldMillanagreeto?A.Dogsarequietanimals.B.Dogsshouldbetrainedonfarms.C.Rulesaremoreimportantthanloveintrainingdogs.D.Famouspeoplehavemoreproblemsintrainingdogs.66.WhatdoesMillanadvisechildrentodowhenitcomestochoosingajob?A.Dowhatintereststhem.B.NevergiveupandtheywillsucceeD.C.SharetheirideaswithmanyotherpeoplE.D.ReceivetraininglongbeforetheysucceeD.
Contrarytothebigscaryroars吼叫thatweseeatthemoviesdinosaurseventhelargeonesmightnothaveroaredatall.Justaswenowknowthatdinosaurshadfeathersandpotentiallyhadmating交配wayssimilartomodernbirdsit’sverypossiblethatdinosaurssoundedmorelikebirdsthanwe’dliketothink.InapaperpublishedinEvolutionresearchersraisethepossibilitythatthesoundssomebirdsmighthavetheirrootsinthevocalizations发声oftheirancestors:Dinosaurs.Tomakeanykindofsenseofwhatdinosaurssoundedlikeweneedtounderstandhowlivingbirdsvocalizeco-authorofthepaperJuliaClarkesaiD.Notonlyweredinosaursfeatheredbuttheymayhavehadbulging隆起的necksandmadeboomingclosed-mouthsounds.Thisisjustonepossibilityinthewideworldofdinosaursounds.Theonethingthateveryonecanagreeonhisthatwithoutthehelpofatimemachinewe’renevergoingtoknowwhetherdinosaurssoundedmorelikebirdsorsnakesorcrocodiles.Wecanmakeeducatedguessesbutthefactisthatmostsoundsaremadewithsoftpartsofananimal’sbody;thetonguethethroatthelungsandunlikebonesthosejustdon’tsurviveformillionsofyears.InthepastresearchershavelookedatthesizeoflungsandtheshapeofthenecktotrytodeterminethevolumE.Eveniftheycan’tdefinitivelytellwhatkindofsoundstheyweremakingit’slikelythatalargedinosaurwithlargelungswouldbeabletomakeloudernoisesthanasmallerdinosaurwithsmallerlungs.WemightneverknowexactlywhatadinosaursoundslikebutbylisteningtolargebirdsandreptileswemightcomeclosE.33.Accordingtothefirstparagraphdinosaurs’vocalizationsmaysoundmorelike_________.A.birdsB.snakesC.crocodilesD.tigers34.Whatisthebiggesttroubleforscientiststostudydinosaurs’vocalizations?A.LackofmoneyB.TheobjectionofthepublicC.TheobjectionofgovernmentD.Lackofdinosaurs’existingvocalizingorgans35.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.DinosaursLivedHappilyB.Birds’Ancestor:DinosaursC.DinosaursMayNoRoarD.Birds’StrangeVocalizations
Canyouimagineaworldwithoutchocolate?It'snotsomethingI'd1iketodo.SoIwasrelievedtoreadthatthere’sauniversitywithaprogrammetosafeguardthefutureofchocolate!TheUniversityofReadinginEnglandhasjustopenedanewclearinghouseforalltheworld’snewcocoavarieties.Theymustbequarantined隔离检疫beforetheycanbegrown.Why?Cocoaproductionhitarecordhighof4.4milliontonslastyearbutabout30％ofthepreciouscropisregularlylosttopestsanddiseases.Nowwedon’twantthatdowe?Demandforchocolatehasbeenincreasingfasterthantheworldsupplyofcocoaandresearchersthinkthatnewvarietiesarekeytosolvingthisproblem.TheUniversityofReadinghasbeenprotectingthequalityofthenewcropssince1985afterittookoverthetaskfromtheRoyalBotanicalGardensinKewLondon.Andithasimproveditsfacilities.Theleaderoftheinstitution’scocoaprojectProfessorPaulHadleysaysOneofthemainissuesconcerningcocoaimprovementisthesupplyofreliablycleanhealthyinterestingcocoamaterial.Thecocoacentrehasacollectionof400plantvarietiesandtheirgreenhouseusesalotofenergytokeepthemintropicalconditions.Afteruptotwoyearsinquarantinecleanandsafeseedsaresenttosome20countriesincludingseveralinWestAfricA.That’swhere75％ofthecocoausedforchocolateworldwidecomesfrom.Thecropisextremelyimportantforthelocaleconomy:itemploysabouttwomillionpeoplE.ProfessorHadleysaysheworkswithasmallteamofskilledtechnicianswholookafterthecollection.Andmoreofusseemtocountonthemnow.ThescientistsaysThereissomeconcernwithintheindustrythatdemandisincreasingconstantlyparticularlyincountrieslikeChinawherethestandardoflivingisincreasingandpeoplearegettingatastefordifferentchocolates.29.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Safeguardingcocoaseeds.B.PlantingcocoaworldwidE.C.KeepingcocoaingreenhousE.D.FindingthenewmarketforcocoA.30.Theinstitution’scocoaprojectisto_______.A.havecocoaskinremovedB.offermorejobstopeopleC.ensurethequalityofcocoaD.supplycocoafortwomillionpeople31.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?A.Thetasteofchocolatesischanging.B.Demandforcocoaisincreasingfast.C.Peopleareconcernedaboutcocoavarieties.D.Chinesehavealonghistoryofeatingchocolates.32.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.ToeducatE.B.ToadvertisE.C.Towarn.D.Toinform.
Browncowsmaynotactuallymakechocolatemilkbutpinksilkworms蚕doproducepinksilkateamofscientistshasdiscovereD.Toseeiftheycouldproducepredyedsilk—silkthatcomescoloredstraightfromthesource—theteamfedordinarysilkwormsmulberry桑树leavesthathadbeensprayed喷洒withfabric织物dyes染色剂.Outofseventesteddyesonlyoneworkedproducingathreadthatremindedmeofpinkdyedhair.Andyesthewormsthemselvestakeonsomecolorbeforetheyproducesilk.TheircolorfuldietsdidnotaffecttheirgrowththeteamwhichincludedengineersandbiologistsfromtheCSIRNationalChemicalLaboratoryinIndiareportsinthejournalACSSustainableChemistry&Engineering.Theresearchersdidn'tlooktoodeeplyintohowthedyesaffectedthesilkworms'health.Afterallsilkwormsdiewhenpeopleharvesttheirsilk.Theteammadedyeingsilkthiswaybecausecoloringfabricnormallyuseslargeamountsoffreshwater.Thewatergetspollutedwithdangerouschemicalsintheprocessrequiringcostlytreatmentbeforefactoriescansenditbackintowaterways.Dyeingsilkdirectlybyfeedingsilkwormswouldavoidthosewaterwashingsteps.ScientistsarejuststartingtostudythisideA.Howeveritremainstobeseenifit'scommerciallysuccessful.InthisexperimenttheIndianteamtestedsevendyeswhicharecheapandpopularintheindustry.Thescientistsfounddifferentdyesmovedthroughsilkworms'bodiesdifferently.Somenevermadeitintotheworms'silkatall.OtherscoloredthewormsandtheirsilkbutthecolordisappearsbeforethesilkisturnedintofabriC.Onlyonedyenameddirectacidfastredshowedupinthefinalwashedsilkthreads.Bythetimeitmadeitthereitwasapleasantlightpink.25.Thetextismostprobablyan________.A.sciencereportB.touristguideC.animalexperimentD.fashionadvertisement26.Silkwormscanproducepinksilkbecause________.A.theyarebornpinkB.theyaredyedpinkC.theygrowinpinkwaterD.theyarefeddyedfood27.Whereistheexperimentcarriedout?A.InAmericA.B.InIndiA.C.InIsrael.D.InChinA.28.Howmanydyeshavebeenprovedsuccessfulintheexperiment?A.OnE.B.ThreE.C.FivE.D.Seven.
Wheneverweseeabuttonweareeagertopressitbecauseweknowsomethingwillhappen.Thisistrueinmostcasesforexampleonadoorbellandontheon/offbuttonontheTV.Butsomebuttonsareactuallyfakeliketheclosebuttononalift.Manypeopleareinthehabitofpressingtheclosebuttonbecausetheydon’thavethepatiencetowaitfortheliftdoorstoshut.Butlifts’closebuttonsareacompletescam骗局atleastintheUS－thedoorswillnotcloseanyfasternomatterhowhardyoupress.Itstartedinthe1990swhentheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActwaspassedintheUSmakingsurethatallliftsstayedopenlongenoughsothatpeoplewithdisabilitiescouldenter.OnlyUSfirefightersandrepairmencanusethebuttonstospeedupthedoor-closingprocessiftheyhaveacodeorspecialkeys.Buttonormalliftridersthebuttonsaren’tcompletelyuseless.Accordingtopsychologistsfakebuttonscanactuallymakeyoufeelbetterbyofferingyouasenseofcontrol.Perceived能够感知的controlisveryimportant.Itreducesstressandincreaseswell-beingEllenJ.Langerapsychologyprofessorsaidhavingalackofcontrolisassociatedwithdepression.Expertshaverevealedthatalotofbuttonsthatdon’tdoanythingexistinourlivesforthissamepurpose.ForexamplemanyofficesintheUShavefakethermostats温度调节器becausepeopletendtofeelbetterwhentheythinktheycancontrolthetemperatureintheirworkspacE.Butpsychologistsfounditinterestingthatevenwhenpeopleareawareoftheselittlewhiteliestheystillcontinuetopushfakebuttonsbecauseaslongasthedoorseventuallycloseitisconsideredtobeworththeeffort.ThathabitisheretostayJohnKouniosapsychologyprofessorsaiD.EventhoughIhaverealdoubtsaboutthetrafficlightbuttonsIalwayspressthem.AfterallI’vegotnothingelsetodowhilewaiting.Sowhynotpressthebuttoninthehopethatthisonewillwork?32.Whatwastheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Toanalyzethefunctionsoffakebuttons.B.Todescribesomedifferentkindsoffakebuttons.C.Toexplaintheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffakebuttons.D.Toexplorepeople’sdifferenthabitswhenitcomestopushingbuttons.33.InAmericatheclosebuttonsonlifts_______.A.arefakefortheconvenienceofdisabledpeopleB.workonlywhenpeoplepressthemhardforawhileC.werespeciallydesignedtogivepeopleasenseofcontrolD.cannotspeeduptheprocessofclosingthedoorinanycase34.TheunderlinedpartforthissamepurposeinParagraph6refersto_______.A.makingpeoplemorepatientB.givingpeopleperceivedcontrolC.helpingpeopletobuildupconfidenceD.makingpeoplewithdepressionfeelbetter35.AccordingtoJohnKouniospeoplewhopressfakebuttons______.A.shouldgiveupthishabitB.probablydosotokilltimeC.considerwhattheydotobemeaninglessD.don’tknowthatwhattheypressisfake
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