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阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 ? ? The U. S. government has been c...
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阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以
? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章
阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以
? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章
阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置
阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以
阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以
? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原
? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章
阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置
? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章
? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原
阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以
阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置
? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原
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IllinoishasproducedwriterssuchasCarlSandburg{{U}}gangsters{{/U}}suchasA1CaponeandarchitectssuchasLouisSullivan.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 Inflation??Businessand governmentleadersalsoconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneral indicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreasedspendingthatcausesrapidrises inprices.{{U}}?51?{{/U}}yourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget {{U}}?52?{{/U}}forthesameamountofmoneyasbeforeinflationis theproblem.Thereisageneralrise{{U}}?53?{{/U}}thepriceofgoods andservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasa timewhenadollarisnotworthadollaranymore.??Inflationis aproblemforallconsumers.?Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurt the{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Retiredpeopleforinstancecannotcountonan increaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceserious problemsinstretchingtheirincomesto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}theirneedsin timeofinflation.Retirementincome{{U}}?56?{{/U}}anyfixedincome usuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheir spendingto{{U}}?57?{{/U}}risingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop {{U}}?58?{{/U}}somenecessaryitemssuchasfoodandclothing.Even {{U}}?59?{{/U}}workingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingupinflation canbeaproblem.?The{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oflivinggoesuptoo. Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving. Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeep {{U}}?61?{{/U}}withrisingpricesthestandardoflivinggoesdown. Peoplemaybeearningthesameamountofmoneybuttheyarenotlivingaswell becausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.? ?Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyand publishitaspriceindexes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}therateofchangecanbe determined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepricefora {{U}}?63?{{/U}}yearasthebase.Thebasepriceissetat100andthe otherpricesarereportedasa{{U}}?64?{{/U}}ofthebaseprice.A priceindexmakes{{U}}?65?{{/U}}possibletocomparecurrentpricesof typicalconsumergoodsforexamplewithpricesofthesamegoodsinprevious years.
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{{*HTML*}}下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 Inflation??Businessand governmentleadersalsoconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneral indicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreasedspendingthatcausesrapidrises inprices.{{U}}?51?{{/U}}yourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget {{U}}?52?{{/U}}forthesameamountofmoneyasbeforeinflationis theproblem.Thereisageneralrise{{U}}?53?{{/U}}thepriceofgoods andservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasa timewhenadollarisnotworthadollaranymore.??Inflationis aproblemforallconsumers.?Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurt the{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Retiredpeopleforinstancecannotcountonan increaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceserious problemsinstretchingtheirincomesto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}theirneedsin timeofinflation.Retirementincome{{U}}?56?{{/U}}anyfixedincome usuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheir spendingto{{U}}?57?{{/U}}risingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop {{U}}?58?{{/U}}somenecessaryitemssuchasfoodandclothing.Even {{U}}?59?{{/U}}workingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingupinflation canbeaproblem.?The{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oflivinggoesuptoo. Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving. Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeep {{U}}?61?{{/U}}withrisingpricesthestandardoflivinggoesdown. Peoplemaybeearningthesameamountofmoneybuttheyarenotlivingaswell becausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.? ?Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyand publishitaspriceindexes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}therateofchangecanbe determined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepricefora {{U}}?63?{{/U}}yearasthebase.Thebasepriceissetat100andthe otherpricesarereportedasa{{U}}?64?{{/U}}ofthebaseprice.A priceindexmakes{{U}}?65?{{/U}}possibletocomparecurrentpricesof typicalconsumergoodsforexamplewithpricesofthesamegoodsinprevious years.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1356段每段选择1个最佳标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项? ? LEDLighting??1?An accidentaldiscoveryannouncedrecentlyhastakenLEDlightingtoanewlevel suggestingitcouldsoonofferacheaperlonger-lastingalternativetothe traditionallightbulb.Thebreakthroughaddstoagrowingtrendthatislikely toeventuallymakeThomasEdison’sbrightinventionobsolete.LEDsarealready usedintrafficlightsflashlightsandarchitecturallighting.Theyare flexibleandoperatelessexpensivelythantraditionallighting.? ?2?MichaelBowersagraduatestudentatVanderbiltUniversitywas justtryingtomakereallysmallquantumdotswhicharecrystalsgenerallyonly afewnanometersbig.Quantumdotscontainanywherefrom100to1000 electrons.They’reeasilyexcitedbundlesofenergyandthesmallertheyare themoreexcitedtheyget.EachdotinBower’sparticularbatchwas exceptionallysmallcontainingonly33or34pairsofatoms.??3 ?Whenyoushinealightonquantumdotsorapplyelectricitytothemthey reactbyproducingtheirownlightnormallyabrightvibrantcolor.Butwhen Bowersshinedalaseronhisbatchofdotssomethingunexpectedhappened.He wassurprisedwhenawhiteglowcoveredthetable.Thequantumdotswere supposedtoemitbluelightbutinsteadtheyweregivingoffabeautifulwhite glow.??4?ThenBowersandanotherstudentgottheideato stirthedotsintopolyurethaneandcoatablueLEDlightbulbwiththemix.The lumpybulbwasn’tprettybutitproducedwhitelightsimilartoaregularlight bulb.??5?LEDsproducetwiceasmuchlightasaregular60 wattbulbandburnforover50000hours.TheDepartmentofEnergyestimatesLED lightingcouldreduceU.S.energyconsumptionforlightingby29percentby 2025.LEDsdon’temitheatsothey’realsomoreenergyefficient.Andthey’re muchhardertobreak.??6?Quantumdotmixturescouldbe paintedonjustaboutanythingandelectricallyexcitedtoproducearainbowof colorsincludingwhite.Themainlightsourceofthefuturewillalmostsurely notbeabulb.Itmightbeatableawallorevenafork. ??A.LEDLightingIsNotMature??B.LEDLighting WillReplaceTraditionalLighting??C.AlmostEverythingCouldBe theMainLightSourceintheFuture??D.LEDLightingHasMany Advantages??E.BowersMadeanUnexpectedDiscovery? ?F.LEDLightBulbsLookLumpyParagraph1______.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 Inflation??Businessand governmentleadersalsoconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneral indicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreasedspendingthatcausesrapidrises inprices.{{U}}?51?{{/U}}yourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget {{U}}?52?{{/U}}forthesameamountofmoneyasbeforeinflationis theproblem.Thereisageneralrise{{U}}?53?{{/U}}thepriceofgoods andservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasa timewhenadollarisnotworthadollaranymore.??Inflationis aproblemforallconsumers.?Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurt the{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Retiredpeopleforinstancecannotcountonan increaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceserious problemsinstretchingtheirincomesto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}theirneedsin timeofinflation.Retirementincome{{U}}?56?{{/U}}anyfixedincome usuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheir spendingto{{U}}?57?{{/U}}risingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop {{U}}?58?{{/U}}somenecessaryitemssuchasfoodandclothing.Even {{U}}?59?{{/U}}workingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingupinflation canbeaproblem.?The{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oflivinggoesuptoo. Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving. Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeep {{U}}?61?{{/U}}withrisingpricesthestandardoflivinggoesdown. Peoplemaybeearningthesameamountofmoneybuttheyarenotlivingaswell becausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.? ?Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyand publishitaspriceindexes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}therateofchangecanbe determined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepricefora {{U}}?63?{{/U}}yearasthebase.Thebasepriceissetat100andthe otherpricesarereportedasa{{U}}?64?{{/U}}ofthebaseprice.A priceindexmakes{{U}}?65?{{/U}}possibletocomparecurrentpricesof typicalconsumergoodsforexamplewithpricesofthesamegoodsinprevious years.
{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题请根据短文内容为每题定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} SmartWindow??Windows notonlyletlightintocutdownanelectricityuseforlightingbutthelight comingthroughthewindowalsoprovidesheat.Howeverwindowsarenotsomething peopletypicallyassociatewithbeingacuttingedgetechnology.Researchersare nowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenableawindowtoquicklychangefrom cleartodarkandanywhereinbetweenwithaflipofaswitch.? ?IttookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyissaysClaes Granqvist.He’saprofessorofsolid-statephysicsatUppsalaUniversityin Sweden.It’scontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontact withthesurroundingworldtofeelwell.Sowindowsandnaturallightare importantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhenthey’restuck indoors.??Yetwindowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenit comestoenergyandtemperaturecontrol.Inthewintercoldairleaksin.When it’shotandsunnysunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsof heatandenergy.Andallofthisextraheatforcespeopletoturnontheirair conditioners.Producingblastsofcoldairwhichcanfeelsorefreshing actuallysuckupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuildingsaroundthe world.??Windowshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchfora longtime.Overtheyearsscientistshavecomeupwithavarietyofstrategies forcoatingglazingandlayeringwindowstomakethemmoreenergyefficient. Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusechromogenictechnologieswhichinvolve changesofcolor.??Electrochromicwindowsuseelectricityto changecolor.Forexampleasheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersofchemical compoundsuchastungstenoxideworksabitlikeabattery.Tungstenoxideis clearwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeisremoved thatiswhentheamountofvoltageisdecreasedthewindowdarkensuntilit’s completelydarkafterallelectricityistakenaway.Soapplyingavoltage determineswhetherthewindowlooksclearordark.??Oneimportant featurethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatithasasortofmemory. Allittakesisasmalljoltofvoltagetoturnthewindowfromonestatetothe other.Thenitstaysthatway.Transitionstakeanywherefrom10secondstoa fewminutesdependingonthesizeofthewindow.Thedevelopmentofsmart windowscouldmeanthatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolongerneed.In thefutureGranqvistsaysourbuildingsmaylookdifferent. Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesnotindicatetheimportanceofwindowsasdescribedinthefirsttwoparagraphs?
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文有5处空白短文后有6个句子其中5个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置以恢复文章原貌 VirtualDriver??Driving involvessharpeyesandkeenearsanalyzingwithabrainandcoordination betweenhandsfeetandbrain.Amanhassharpeyesandkeenearsanalyzes throughhisbrainandmaintainscoordinationbetweenhishandsandbrains. ?Hecancontrolafast-movingcarwithdifferentpartsofhisbody. {{U}}?46?{{/U}}.Apparentlythereisn’tanyoneinthedriver’scab butthereisinfactavirtualdriver.Thisvirtualdriverhaseyesbrains handsandfeettoo.Theminicamerasoneachsideofthecarareitseyesandare responsibleforobservingtheroadconditionsaheadofitaswellasthetraffic toitsleftandright.Ifyouopenthebootyoucanseethemostimportantpart oftheautomaticdrivingsystem:abuit-incomputer.{{U}}?47?{{/U}}. Thebrainisresponsibleforcalculatingthespeedsobjectssurroundingthecar aremovingatanalyzingtheirpositionontheroadchoosingtherightpath andgivingorderstothewheelandthecontrolsystem.??In comparisonwiththehumanbrainthevirtualdriver’sbestadvantageisthatit reactsquickly.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.Howeverittakestheworld’sbest racecardriveratleastonesecondtoreactandthisdoesn’tincludethetime heneedstotakeaction.??Withitsrapidreactionandaccurate controlthevirtualdrivercanreducetheaccidentrateonexpressways considerably.Inthiscaseisitpossibleforustoletithavethewheelat anytimeandinanyplace?{{U}}?49?{{/U}}.Withitslimitedabilityto recognizethingsthecarcannowonlytravelonexpressways.? ?Theintelligentcardeterminesitsdirectionbytheclearlinesthatmark thelanesclearlyandrecognizesvehiclesaccordingtotheirregularshapes. {{U}}?50?{{/U}}.Thisbeingthecasepeoplestillhavehighhopes aboutdriverlesscarsandthinkhighlyintelligentcarsarewhatthecarsof thefutureshouldbelike.??A.Expertssaythatwecannotdothat justyet.??B.Inthenearfutureintelligentcarswillbeput intocommercialoperation.??C.Thisisthebrainofthe car.??D.Buthowdoesanintelligentcarcontrol itself???E.Itcompletestheprocessingoftheimagessentbythe cameraswithin100milliseconds.??F.Howeveritcannotrecognize movingpeopleandbicyclesonordinaryroadsthathavenoclearmarkingson them.
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{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C Biodiesel??Yuthachaiof Thailandhasinventedahome-grownalternativetoexpensiveimporteddiesela biodieselderivedfromvegetableoil.Biodieseliswinningpoliticalbackingin Thailandbecauseitusescoconutandpalmoilbothofwhichareinprice slumpsanditlimitstherelianceonoverseaspetroleumsourcewhichhave becomeincreasinglyexpensive.??Yuthachai56haspatentedhis coconut-oilfuel-makingprocess.Hedevelopedhisbiodiesel18yearsagousing knowledgehegainedfromworkingonaplantationandfixingfarmmachinery.He nowsellshisfuelatservicestationsbutrefusestosellhispatentdespite attractiveoffersfromoverseasoilfirms.Heisdeterminedtoretaincontrolof hisformulaandkeepitaccessibletofarmerssotheycanmaketheirown fuel.??Thereareseveralformulationsofbiodieselbut Yuthachai’sisoneofthemostbasicusing20partscrudecoconutoiltoone partkerosene.Itrequiresonlysimpleaffordabletechnologytomakeandworks inunmodifiedslow-runningengines.??Despitethepublicinterest inbiodieselthegovernmenthasbeencautiousaboutYuthachai’sfuel.Since thereiscurrentlynoregulatorysystemforvegetable-oilfuelsYuthachai’s fuelcannotbeusedinregularvehicles.Butfarmersandferryoperatorsare moreenthusiasticbuying700000litersadayofbiodieselmadefromcrude vegetableoilstorunfarmmachinesandboats.Demandisgrowing:Aliterof biodieselis4—6UScentscheaperthandiesel.??Accordingtosome scientiststhebiodieselproducedfromcrudecoconutoilmaynotrunthrough enginesaseasilyasdieselandfatty-aciddepositscandamageenginesinthe longrun.Asolutionmaysooncomefromusingwastecookingoil.Anexperimental biodieselplanttorefinethewasteoilisbeingbuiltinThailand.Theplant willshowthebiodiesel-makingpotentialof60000tonnesofwastecookingoil thatBangkokgeneratesdaily.??OtherAsiancountrieshavebeen researchingbiodiesel—MalaysiaandthePhilippinesfor20years—butThailandis thefirstcountrytohavepublicpolicysupportingits commercialization.??Thattrendlookslikecontinuingwiththe governmentintalkswithaU.S.companytobuildamoreadvancedplantin Thailand.Untilthat’sworkinghomegrownbiodieselswillhelpboostthe fortunesofstrugglingThais.Biodieselissuperiorinqualitytotraditionalpetroleum.
{{*HTML*}}??A.traditionallightingislessdurableanddearer? ?B.alaserexcitedthequantumdots??C.Americaadopted LEDS??D.graduatestudentsworkhard??E.quantum dotmixturesaremagic??F.itismoreefficientUnliketraditionallightingLEDsdonotgiveoutheatso______.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1356段每段选择1个最佳标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项? ? LEDLighting??1?An accidentaldiscoveryannouncedrecentlyhastakenLEDlightingtoanewlevel suggestingitcouldsoonofferacheaperlonger-lastingalternativetothe traditionallightbulb.Thebreakthroughaddstoagrowingtrendthatislikely toeventuallymakeThomasEdison’sbrightinventionobsolete.LEDsarealready usedintrafficlightsflashlightsandarchitecturallighting.Theyare flexibleandoperatelessexpensivelythantraditionallighting.? ?2?MichaelBowersagraduatestudentatVanderbiltUniversitywas justtryingtomakereallysmallquantumdotswhicharecrystalsgenerallyonly afewnanometersbig.Quantumdotscontainanywherefrom100to1000 electrons.They’reeasilyexcitedbundlesofenergyandthesmallertheyare themoreexcitedtheyget.EachdotinBower’sparticularbatchwas exceptionallysmallcontainingonly33or34pairsofatoms.??3 ?Whenyoushinealightonquantumdotsorapplyelectricitytothemthey reactbyproducingtheirownlightnormallyabrightvibrantcolor.Butwhen Bowersshinedalaseronhisbatchofdotssomethingunexpectedhappened.He wassurprisedwhenawhiteglowcoveredthetable.Thequantumdotswere supposedtoemitbluelightbutinsteadtheyweregivingoffabeautifulwhite glow.??4?ThenBowersandanotherstudentgottheideato stirthedotsintopolyurethaneandcoatablueLEDlightbulbwiththemix.The lumpybulbwasn’tprettybutitproducedwhitelightsimilartoaregularlight bulb.??5?LEDsproducetwiceasmuchlightasaregular60 wattbulbandburnforover50000hours.TheDepartmentofEnergyestimatesLED lightingcouldreduceU.S.energyconsumptionforlightingby29percentby 2025.LEDsdon’temitheatsothey’realsomoreenergyefficient.Andthey’re muchhardertobreak.??6?Quantumdotmixturescouldbe paintedonjustaboutanythingandelectricallyexcitedtoproducearainbowof colorsincludingwhite.Themainlightsourceofthefuturewillalmostsurely notbeabulb.Itmightbeatableawallorevenafork. ??A.LEDLightingIsNotMature??B.LEDLighting WillReplaceTraditionalLighting??C.AlmostEverythingCouldBe theMainLightSourceintheFuture??D.LEDLightingHasMany Advantages??E.BowersMadeanUnexpectedDiscovery? ?F.LEDLightBulbsLookLumpyParagraph5______.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文有5处空白短文后有6个句子其中5个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置以恢复文章原貌 VirtualDriver??Driving involvessharpeyesandkeenearsanalyzingwithabrainandcoordination betweenhandsfeetandbrain.Amanhassharpeyesandkeenearsanalyzes throughhisbrainandmaintainscoordinationbetweenhishandsandbrains. ?Hecancontrolafast-movingcarwithdifferentpartsofhisbody. {{U}}?46?{{/U}}.Apparentlythereisn’tanyoneinthedriver’scab butthereisinfactavirtualdriver.Thisvirtualdriverhaseyesbrains handsandfeettoo.Theminicamerasoneachsideofthecarareitseyesandare responsibleforobservingtheroadconditionsaheadofitaswellasthetraffic toitsleftandright.Ifyouopenthebootyoucanseethemostimportantpart oftheautomaticdrivingsystem:abuit-incomputer.{{U}}?47?{{/U}}. Thebrainisresponsibleforcalculatingthespeedsobjectssurroundingthecar aremovingatanalyzingtheirpositionontheroadchoosingtherightpath andgivingorderstothewheelandthecontrolsystem.??In comparisonwiththehumanbrainthevirtualdriver’sbestadvantageisthatit reactsquickly.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.Howeverittakestheworld’sbest racecardriveratleastonesecondtoreactandthisdoesn’tincludethetime heneedstotakeaction.??Withitsrapidreactionandaccurate controlthevirtualdrivercanreducetheaccidentrateonexpressways considerably.Inthiscaseisitpossibleforustoletithavethewheelat anytimeandinanyplace?{{U}}?49?{{/U}}.Withitslimitedabilityto recognizethingsthecarcannowonlytravelonexpressways.? ?Theintelligentcardeterminesitsdirectionbytheclearlinesthatmark thelanesclearlyandrecognizesvehiclesaccordingtotheirregularshapes. {{U}}?50?{{/U}}.Thisbeingthecasepeoplestillhavehighhopes aboutdriverlesscarsandthinkhighlyintelligentcarsarewhatthecarsof thefutureshouldbelike.??A.Expertssaythatwecannotdothat justyet.??B.Inthenearfutureintelligentcarswillbeput intocommercialoperation.??C.Thisisthebrainofthe car.??D.Buthowdoesanintelligentcarcontrol itself???E.Itcompletestheprocessingoftheimagessentbythe cameraswithin100milliseconds.??F.Howeveritcannotrecognize movingpeopleandbicyclesonordinaryroadsthathavenoclearmarkingson them.
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} DefendingtheTheoryofEvolutionStillSeems Needed??JudithS.Weisabiologyprofessorwho servesaspresidentoftheAmericanInstituteofBiologicalSciencesAIBSis leadinganationwideefforttodefendthetheoryofevolution.Weisleadsthe effortinthefaceofwhattheinstituteviewsasoppositionandindifference fromschoolboardsandgovernmententities.??TheInstitute believesthattheteachingofevolutioninAmericaisbeingdiminishedbythe teachingofcreationismaswellasbyanoveralllackofteachingDarwin’s theoryinhighschool.There’snothingthatrequiresschoolstoteach evolution.Sometimesteachersinhighschoolsjustleaveitout.Howeverfrom thepointofviewofbiologistsevolutionisthecentraltheoryofbiologyupon whicheverythingisbasedsaidWeis.Unfortunatelyteachingevolutionhas becomeapoliticalissueinmanypartsofthecountryandAIBSasa representativeofbiologistswantedtobeamajorforcespeakingoutinfavor ofitsteaching.??Weissaidtheinstituteisworkingtogether withtheAmericanGeologicalInstituteandtheNationalAssociationofBiology Teachersandits80-plusmemberorganizationstoaddressthepoliticaland legislativethreatstoteachingevolution.Instateschallengingitsteaching theinstituterespondsbysendingletterstoschoolboardsandstate legislaturesbyprovidingtestimonyatpublicmeetingsandbynotifyingmembers andaffiliatedorganizations.AIBSwithmorethan80membersocietiesand 250000membershasestablishedanemailsystemenablingscientistsand teachersineachstateandmembersocietiestokeepeachotherinformedabout threatstotheteachingofevolution.??Darwin’stheoryof evolutionholdsthatlivingthingschangeandadapttotheirenvironmentand thatpresent-dayspeciesincludinghumanbeingsaredescendedfromearlier speciesthroughmodificationbynaturalselection.Thetheoryhasbeenaccepted byscientistsfornearly100yearsWeissaidandhasbeenrefinedextended andstrengthenedovertheyearsbyfindingsinpaleontologyanddevelopmental biology.Discoveriesingeneticsmolecularbiologyandgenomics—allofwhich providesignificantbenefitsforhumanhealth—wouldnotbepossiblewithoutthe underlyingknowledgeofevolution.AndWeisaddsmodemmolecularbiologyand genomicshaveincreasedourunderstandingofhowevolutionworks.Nonetheless evolutionremainsapoliticallyifnotscientificallycontroversial issue.??Weissaidthatthisyearalonesevenstateshavehad eitherlocalorstatewideeffortstowaterdowntheteachingofevolutionor balanceitwiththeteachingofcreationism—areligiousbeliefthatdifferent specieswerecreatedseparatelybyahigherpowersuchasGod.Rarelydoes anyonenowusetheword’creationism’becausethat’stooobviousWeissaid. Thecurrentterminologyis’intelligentdesign.’ AIBS’siscomposedof______.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} HiddenSpeciesMayBeSurprisingly Common??Crypticspeciesanimalsthatappear identicalbutaregeneticallyquitedistant—maybemuchmorewidespreadthan previouslythought.Thefindingscouldhavemajorimplicationsinareasranging frombiodiversityestimatesandwildlifemanagementtoourunderstandingof infectiousdiseasesandevolution.??Reportsofcrypticspecies haveincreaseddramaticallyoverthepasttwodecadeswiththeadventof relativelyinexpensiveDNAsequencingtechnology.MarkusPfenningerandKlaus SchwenkoftheGoethe-UniversitatinFrankfurtGermanyanalyzedallknown dataoncrypticanimalspeciesanddiscoveredthattheyarefoundinequal proportionsthroughoutallmajorbranchesoftheanimalkingdomandoccurin equalnumbersinallbiogeographiealregions.??Scientistshad previouslyspeculatedthatcrypticspecieswerepredominantlyfoundininsects andreptilesandweremorelikelytooccurintropicalratherthantemperate regions.Speciesthatareseeminglywidespreadandabundantcouldinrealitybe manydifferentcrypticspeciesthathavelowpopulationsandarehighly endangered.SaysPfenninger.Untilthegeneticinformationofallspeciesin atleastonetaxonisthoroughlystudiednoonewillknowjusthowmanycryptic speciesexist.Itcouldbeashighas30%.Pfenningersays.? ?I’mextremelysurprisedbytheirresults.SaysAlexSmithofthe UniversityofGuelphinOntarioCanada.It’sacalltoarmstokeepdoingthe broadkindofgeneticstudiesthatwearedoing.??Samplingas manyindividualsaspossiblescientistshopetocompleteworkonallfishand birdsinanother5to10years.Onceeitherofthesetaxonomicgroupsis completedPfenningersaysresearcherswillbeabletodecidehowmanycryptic speciesexistthroughouttheanimalkingdom.??Examplesofcryptic speciesincludetheAfricanelephant.A2001studyfoundtheelephantswere actuallytwogeneticallydistinctnon-interbreedingspeciestheAfricanbush elephantandtheAfricanelephant.Thespeciesarecurrentlylistedas vulnerableandthreatenedrespectivelybytheWorldConservationUnion WCU.??Thereclassificationsaremorethananacademicexercise. Theydefinepopulationsthathaveevolvedindependentlyofeachotherandwhose geneticdifferencescanhavesignificantconsequences.Intheearly1900s misidentificationofmosquitospeciesbasedonmorphologyconfusedattemptsto controlmalariainEurope.Ultimatelywhatwasthoughttobeasinglespecies wasactuallymadeupofsixsiblingspeciesonlythreeofwhichtransmittedthe disease.Thebasicunitinbiologyisalwaysthespeciesandyouhavetoknow whatyouaredealingwith.Pfenningersays.Muchpreviousresearchisnowno longerusedhesaysbecauseitisnotclearwhatspecieswasbeing studied.WhichofthefollowingabouttheAfricanbushelephantandtheAfricanelephantistrue?
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 Inflation??Businessand governmentleadersalsoconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneral indicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreasedspendingthatcausesrapidrises inprices.{{U}}?51?{{/U}}yourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget {{U}}?52?{{/U}}forthesameamountofmoneyasbeforeinflationis theproblem.Thereisageneralrise{{U}}?53?{{/U}}thepriceofgoods andservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasa timewhenadollarisnotworthadollaranymore.??Inflationis aproblemforallconsumers.?Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurt the{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Retiredpeopleforinstancecannotcountonan increaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceserious problemsinstretchingtheirincomesto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}theirneedsin timeofinflation.Retirementincome{{U}}?56?{{/U}}anyfixedincome usuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheir spendingto{{U}}?57?{{/U}}risingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop {{U}}?58?{{/U}}somenecessaryitemssuchasfoodandclothing.Even {{U}}?59?{{/U}}workingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingupinflation canbeaproblem.?The{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oflivinggoesuptoo. Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving. Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeep {{U}}?61?{{/U}}withrisingpricesthestandardoflivinggoesdown. Peoplemaybeearningthesameamountofmoneybuttheyarenotlivingaswell becausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.? ?Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyand publishitaspriceindexes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}therateofchangecanbe determined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepricefora {{U}}?63?{{/U}}yearasthebase.Thebasepriceissetat100andthe otherpricesarereportedasa{{U}}?64?{{/U}}ofthebaseprice.A priceindexmakes{{U}}?65?{{/U}}possibletocomparecurrentpricesof typicalconsumergoodsforexamplewithpricesofthesamegoodsinprevious years.
Thewholeideatobuildadeluxehotelheresounds{{U}}insane{{/U}}tome.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} DefendingtheTheoryofEvolutionStillSeems Needed??JudithS.Weisabiologyprofessorwho servesaspresidentoftheAmericanInstituteofBiologicalSciencesAIBSis leadinganationwideefforttodefendthetheoryofevolution.Weisleadsthe effortinthefaceofwhattheinstituteviewsasoppositionandindifference fromschoolboardsandgovernmententities.??TheInstitute believesthattheteachingofevolutioninAmericaisbeingdiminishedbythe teachingofcreationismaswellasbyanoveralllackofteachingDarwin’s theoryinhighschool.There’snothingthatrequiresschoolstoteach evolution.Sometimesteachersinhighschoolsjustleaveitout.Howeverfrom thepointofviewofbiologistsevolutionisthecentraltheoryofbiologyupon whicheverythingisbasedsaidWeis.Unfortunatelyteachingevolutionhas becomeapoliticalissueinmanypartsofthecountryandAIBSasa representativeofbiologistswantedtobeamajorforcespeakingoutinfavor ofitsteaching.??Weissaidtheinstituteisworkingtogether withtheAmericanGeologicalInstituteandtheNationalAssociationofBiology Teachersandits80-plusmemberorganizationstoaddressthepoliticaland legislativethreatstoteachingevolution.Instateschallengingitsteaching theinstituterespondsbysendingletterstoschoolboardsandstate legislaturesbyprovidingtestimonyatpublicmeetingsandbynotifyingmembers andaffiliatedorganizations.AIBSwithmorethan80membersocietiesand 250000membershasestablishedanemailsystemenablingscientistsand teachersineachstateandmembersocietiestokeepeachotherinformedabout threatstotheteachingofevolution.??Darwin’stheoryof evolutionholdsthatlivingthingschangeandadapttotheirenvironmentand thatpresent-dayspeciesincludinghumanbeingsaredescendedfromearlier speciesthroughmodificationbynaturalselection.Thetheoryhasbeenaccepted byscientistsfornearly100yearsWeissaidandhasbeenrefinedextended andstrengthenedovertheyearsbyfindingsinpaleontologyanddevelopmental biology.Discoveriesingeneticsmolecularbiologyandgenomics—allofwhich providesignificantbenefitsforhumanhealth—wouldnotbepossiblewithoutthe underlyingknowledgeofevolution.AndWeisaddsmodemmolecularbiologyand genomicshaveincreasedourunderstandingofhowevolutionworks.Nonetheless evolutionremainsapoliticallyifnotscientificallycontroversial issue.??Weissaidthatthisyearalonesevenstateshavehad eitherlocalorstatewideeffortstowaterdowntheteachingofevolutionor balanceitwiththeteachingofcreationism—areligiousbeliefthatdifferent specieswerecreatedseparatelybyahigherpowersuchasGod.Rarelydoes anyonenowusetheword’creationism’becausethat’stooobviousWeissaid. Thecurrentterminologyis’intelligentdesign.’ Whydopeoplereplacethetermcreationismwiththetermintelligentdesignnowadays?
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C Biodiesel??Yuthachaiof Thailandhasinventedahome-grownalternativetoexpensiveimporteddiesela biodieselderivedfromvegetableoil.Biodieseliswinningpoliticalbackingin Thailandbecauseitusescoconutandpalmoilbothofwhichareinprice slumpsanditlimitstherelianceonoverseaspetroleumsourcewhichhave becomeincreasinglyexpensive.??Yuthachai56haspatentedhis coconut-oilfuel-makingprocess.Hedevelopedhisbiodiesel18yearsagousing knowledgehegainedfromworkingonaplantationandfixingfarmmachinery.He nowsellshisfuelatservicestationsbutrefusestosellhispatentdespite attractiveoffersfromoverseasoilfirms.Heisdeterminedtoretaincontrolof hisformulaandkeepitaccessibletofarmerssotheycanmaketheirown fuel.??Thereareseveralformulationsofbiodieselbut Yuthachai’sisoneofthemostbasicusing20partscrudecoconutoiltoone partkerosene.Itrequiresonlysimpleaffordabletechnologytomakeandworks inunmodifiedslow-runningengines.??Despitethepublicinterest inbiodieselthegovernmenthasbeencautiousaboutYuthachai’sfuel.Since thereiscurrentlynoregulatorysystemforvegetable-oilfuelsYuthachai’s fuelcannotbeusedinregularvehicles.Butfarmersandferryoperatorsare moreenthusiasticbuying700000litersadayofbiodieselmadefromcrude vegetableoilstorunfarmmachinesandboats.Demandisgrowing:Aliterof biodieselis4—6UScentscheaperthandiesel.??Accordingtosome scientiststhebiodieselproducedfromcrudecoconutoilmaynotrunthrough enginesaseasilyasdieselandfatty-aciddepositscandamageenginesinthe longrun.Asolutionmaysooncomefromusingwastecookingoil.Anexperimental biodieselplanttorefinethewasteoilisbeingbuiltinThailand.Theplant willshowthebiodiesel-makingpotentialof60000tonnesofwastecookingoil thatBangkokgeneratesdaily.??OtherAsiancountrieshavebeen researchingbiodiesel—MalaysiaandthePhilippinesfor20years—butThailandis thefirstcountrytohavepublicpolicysupportingits commercialization.??Thattrendlookslikecontinuingwiththe governmentintalkswithaU.S.companytobuildamoreadvancedplantin Thailand.Untilthat’sworkinghomegrownbiodieselswillhelpboostthe fortunesofstrugglingThais.MalaysiaandthePhilippinesarethefirstcountriesintheworldtohavepublicpolicysupportingthecommercializationofbiodiesels.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 Inflation??Businessand governmentleadersalsoconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneral indicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreasedspendingthatcausesrapidrises inprices.{{U}}?51?{{/U}}yourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget {{U}}?52?{{/U}}forthesameamountofmoneyasbeforeinflationis theproblem.Thereisageneralrise{{U}}?53?{{/U}}thepriceofgoods andservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasa timewhenadollarisnotworthadollaranymore.??Inflationis aproblemforallconsumers.?Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurt the{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Retiredpeopleforinstancecannotcountonan increaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceserious problemsinstretchingtheirincomesto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}theirneedsin timeofinflation.Retirementincome{{U}}?56?{{/U}}anyfixedincome usuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheir spendingto{{U}}?57?{{/U}}risingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop {{U}}?58?{{/U}}somenecessaryitemssuchasfoodandclothing.Even {{U}}?59?{{/U}}workingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingupinflation canbeaproblem.?The{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oflivinggoesuptoo. Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving. Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeep {{U}}?61?{{/U}}withrisingpricesthestandardoflivinggoesdown. Peoplemaybeearningthesameamountofmoneybuttheyarenotlivingaswell becausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.? ?Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyand publishitaspriceindexes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}therateofchangecanbe determined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepricefora {{U}}?63?{{/U}}yearasthebase.Thebasepriceissetat100andthe otherpricesarereportedasa{{U}}?64?{{/U}}ofthebaseprice.A priceindexmakes{{U}}?65?{{/U}}possibletocomparecurrentpricesof typicalconsumergoodsforexamplewithpricesofthesamegoodsinprevious years.
{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题请根据短文内容为每题定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} SmartWindow??Windows notonlyletlightintocutdownanelectricityuseforlightingbutthelight comingthroughthewindowalsoprovidesheat.Howeverwindowsarenotsomething peopletypicallyassociatewithbeingacuttingedgetechnology.Researchersare nowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenableawindowtoquicklychangefrom cleartodarkandanywhereinbetweenwithaflipofaswitch.? ?IttookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyissaysClaes Granqvist.He’saprofessorofsolid-statephysicsatUppsalaUniversityin Sweden.It’scontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontact withthesurroundingworldtofeelwell.Sowindowsandnaturallightare importantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhenthey’restuck indoors.??Yetwindowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenit comestoenergyandtemperaturecontrol.Inthewintercoldairleaksin.When it’shotandsunnysunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsof heatandenergy.Andallofthisextraheatforcespeopletoturnontheirair conditioners.Producingblastsofcoldairwhichcanfeelsorefreshing actuallysuckupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuildingsaroundthe world.??Windowshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchfora longtime.Overtheyearsscientistshavecomeupwithavarietyofstrategies forcoatingglazingandlayeringwindowstomakethemmoreenergyefficient. Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusechromogenictechnologieswhichinvolve changesofcolor.??Electrochromicwindowsuseelectricityto changecolor.Forexampleasheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersofchemical compoundsuchastungstenoxideworksabitlikeabattery.Tungstenoxideis clearwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeisremoved thatiswhentheamountofvoltageisdecreasedthewindowdarkensuntilit’s completelydarkafterallelectricityistakenaway.Soapplyingavoltage determineswhetherthewindowlooksclearordark.??Oneimportant featurethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatithasasortofmemory. Allittakesisasmalljoltofvoltagetoturnthewindowfromonestatetothe other.Thenitstaysthatway.Transitionstakeanywherefrom10secondstoa fewminutesdependingonthesizeofthewindow.Thedevelopmentofsmart windowscouldmeanthatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolongerneed.In thefutureGranqvistsaysourbuildingsmaylookdifferent. WhataresmartwindowsaccordingtoParagraph4?
Hebeganhistalkbygivinga{{U}}concise{{/U}}definitionofpost-modernism.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C Biodiesel??Yuthachaiof Thailandhasinventedahome-grownalternativetoexpensiveimporteddiesela biodieselderivedfromvegetableoil.Biodieseliswinningpoliticalbackingin Thailandbecauseitusescoconutandpalmoilbothofwhichareinprice slumpsanditlimitstherelianceonoverseaspetroleumsourcewhichhave becomeincreasinglyexpensive.??Yuthachai56haspatentedhis coconut-oilfuel-makingprocess.Hedevelopedhisbiodiesel18yearsagousing knowledgehegainedfromworkingonaplantationandfixingfarmmachinery.He nowsellshisfuelatservicestationsbutrefusestosellhispatentdespite attractiveoffersfromoverseasoilfirms.Heisdeterminedtoretaincontrolof hisformulaandkeepitaccessibletofarmerssotheycanmaketheirown fuel.??Thereareseveralformulationsofbiodieselbut Yuthachai’sisoneofthemostbasicusing20partscrudecoconutoiltoone partkerosene.Itrequiresonlysimpleaffordabletechnologytomakeandworks inunmodifiedslow-runningengines.??Despitethepublicinterest inbiodieselthegovernmenthasbeencautiousaboutYuthachai’sfuel.Since thereiscurrentlynoregulatorysystemforvegetable-oilfuelsYuthachai’s fuelcannotbeusedinregularvehicles.Butfarmersandferryoperatorsare moreenthusiasticbuying700000litersadayofbiodieselmadefromcrude vegetableoilstorunfarmmachinesandboats.Demandisgrowing:Aliterof biodieselis4—6UScentscheaperthandiesel.??Accordingtosome scientiststhebiodieselproducedfromcrudecoconutoilmaynotrunthrough enginesaseasilyasdieselandfatty-aciddepositscandamageenginesinthe longrun.Asolutionmaysooncomefromusingwastecookingoil.Anexperimental biodieselplanttorefinethewasteoilisbeingbuiltinThailand.Theplant willshowthebiodiesel-makingpotentialof60000tonnesofwastecookingoil thatBangkokgeneratesdaily.??OtherAsiancountrieshavebeen researchingbiodiesel—MalaysiaandthePhilippinesfor20years—butThailandis thefirstcountrytohavepublicpolicysupportingits commercialization.??Thattrendlookslikecontinuingwiththe governmentintalkswithaU.S.companytobuildamoreadvancedplantin Thailand.Untilthat’sworkinghomegrownbiodieselswillhelpboostthe fortunesofstrugglingThais.YuthachaitheinventorofbiodieseliscurrentlythegeneralmanagerofaUS-ThailandjointventureinBangkok.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 Inflation??Businessand governmentleadersalsoconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneral indicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreasedspendingthatcausesrapidrises inprices.{{U}}?51?{{/U}}yourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget {{U}}?52?{{/U}}forthesameamountofmoneyasbeforeinflationis theproblem.Thereisageneralrise{{U}}?53?{{/U}}thepriceofgoods andservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasa timewhenadollarisnotworthadollaranymore.??Inflationis aproblemforallconsumers.?Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurt the{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Retiredpeopleforinstancecannotcountonan increaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceserious problemsinstretchingtheirincomesto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}theirneedsin timeofinflation.Retirementincome{{U}}?56?{{/U}}anyfixedincome usuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheir spendingto{{U}}?57?{{/U}}risingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop {{U}}?58?{{/U}}somenecessaryitemssuchasfoodandclothing.Even {{U}}?59?{{/U}}workingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingupinflation canbeaproblem.?The{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oflivinggoesuptoo. Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving. Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeep {{U}}?61?{{/U}}withrisingpricesthestandardoflivinggoesdown. Peoplemaybeearningthesameamountofmoneybuttheyarenotlivingaswell becausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.? ?Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyand publishitaspriceindexes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}therateofchangecanbe determined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepricefora {{U}}?63?{{/U}}yearasthebase.Thebasepriceissetat100andthe otherpricesarereportedasa{{U}}?64?{{/U}}ofthebaseprice.A priceindexmakes{{U}}?65?{{/U}}possibletocomparecurrentpricesof typicalconsumergoodsforexamplewithpricesofthesamegoodsinprevious years.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 Inflation??Businessand governmentleadersalsoconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneral indicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreasedspendingthatcausesrapidrises inprices.{{U}}?51?{{/U}}yourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget {{U}}?52?{{/U}}forthesameamountofmoneyasbeforeinflationis theproblem.Thereisageneralrise{{U}}?53?{{/U}}thepriceofgoods andservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasa timewhenadollarisnotworthadollaranymore.??Inflationis aproblemforallconsumers.?Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurt the{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Retiredpeopleforinstancecannotcountonan increaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceserious problemsinstretchingtheirincomesto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}theirneedsin timeofinflation.Retirementincome{{U}}?56?{{/U}}anyfixedincome usuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheir spendingto{{U}}?57?{{/U}}risingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop {{U}}?58?{{/U}}somenecessaryitemssuchasfoodandclothing.Even {{U}}?59?{{/U}}workingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingupinflation canbeaproblem.?The{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oflivinggoesuptoo. Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving. Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeep {{U}}?61?{{/U}}withrisingpricesthestandardoflivinggoesdown. Peoplemaybeearningthesameamountofmoneybuttheyarenotlivingaswell becausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.? ?Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyand publishitaspriceindexes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}therateofchangecanbe determined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepricefora {{U}}?63?{{/U}}yearasthebase.Thebasepriceissetat100andthe otherpricesarereportedasa{{U}}?64?{{/U}}ofthebaseprice.A priceindexmakes{{U}}?65?{{/U}}possibletocomparecurrentpricesof typicalconsumergoodsforexamplewithpricesofthesamegoodsinprevious years.
{{*HTML*}}??A.traditionallightingislessdurableanddearer? ?B.alaserexcitedthequantumdots??C.Americaadopted LEDS??D.graduatestudentsworkhard??E.quantum dotmixturesaremagic??F.itismoreefficientSomethingunexpectedhappenedduringBower’sexperimentwhen______.
{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题请根据短文内容为每题定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} SmartWindow??Windows notonlyletlightintocutdownanelectricityuseforlightingbutthelight comingthroughthewindowalsoprovidesheat.Howeverwindowsarenotsomething peopletypicallyassociatewithbeingacuttingedgetechnology.Researchersare nowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenableawindowtoquicklychangefrom cleartodarkandanywhereinbetweenwithaflipofaswitch.? ?IttookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyissaysClaes Granqvist.He’saprofessorofsolid-statephysicsatUppsalaUniversityin Sweden.It’scontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontact withthesurroundingworldtofeelwell.Sowindowsandnaturallightare importantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhenthey’restuck indoors.??Yetwindowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenit comestoenergyandtemperaturecontrol.Inthewintercoldairleaksin.When it’shotandsunnysunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsof heatandenergy.Andallofthisextraheatforcespeopletoturnontheirair conditioners.Producingblastsofcoldairwhichcanfeelsorefreshing actuallysuckupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuildingsaroundthe world.??Windowshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchfora longtime.Overtheyearsscientistshavecomeupwithavarietyofstrategies forcoatingglazingandlayeringwindowstomakethemmoreenergyefficient. Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusechromogenictechnologieswhichinvolve changesofcolor.??Electrochromicwindowsuseelectricityto changecolor.Forexampleasheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersofchemical compoundsuchastungstenoxideworksabitlikeabattery.Tungstenoxideis clearwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeisremoved thatiswhentheamountofvoltageisdecreasedthewindowdarkensuntilit’s completelydarkafterallelectricityistakenaway.Soapplyingavoltage determineswhetherthewindowlooksclearordark.??Oneimportant featurethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatithasasortofmemory. Allittakesisasmalljoltofvoltagetoturnthewindowfromonestatetothe other.Thenitstaysthatway.Transitionstakeanywherefrom10secondstoa fewminutesdependingonthesizeofthewindow.Thedevelopmentofsmart windowscouldmeanthatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolongerneed.In thefutureGranqvistsaysourbuildingsmaylookdifferent. Whatwillbethebenefitiftheresearchonsmartwindowsturnsouttobesuccessfulaccordingtothelastparagraph?
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} HiddenSpeciesMayBeSurprisingly Common??Crypticspeciesanimalsthatappear identicalbutaregeneticallyquitedistant—maybemuchmorewidespreadthan previouslythought.Thefindingscouldhavemajorimplicationsinareasranging frombiodiversityestimatesandwildlifemanagementtoourunderstandingof infectiousdiseasesandevolution.??Reportsofcrypticspecies haveincreaseddramaticallyoverthepasttwodecadeswiththeadventof relativelyinexpensiveDNAsequencingtechnology.MarkusPfenningerandKlaus SchwenkoftheGoethe-UniversitatinFrankfurtGermanyanalyzedallknown dataoncrypticanimalspeciesanddiscoveredthattheyarefoundinequal proportionsthroughoutallmajorbranchesoftheanimalkingdomandoccurin equalnumbersinallbiogeographiealregions.??Scientistshad previouslyspeculatedthatcrypticspecieswerepredominantlyfoundininsects andreptilesandweremorelikelytooccurintropicalratherthantemperate regions.Speciesthatareseeminglywidespreadandabundantcouldinrealitybe manydifferentcrypticspeciesthathavelowpopulationsandarehighly endangered.SaysPfenninger.Untilthegeneticinformationofallspeciesin atleastonetaxonisthoroughlystudiednoonewillknowjusthowmanycryptic speciesexist.Itcouldbeashighas30%.Pfenningersays.? ?I’mextremelysurprisedbytheirresults.SaysAlexSmithofthe UniversityofGuelphinOntarioCanada.It’sacalltoarmstokeepdoingthe broadkindofgeneticstudiesthatwearedoing.??Samplingas manyindividualsaspossiblescientistshopetocompleteworkonallfishand birdsinanother5to10years.Onceeitherofthesetaxonomicgroupsis completedPfenningersaysresearcherswillbeabletodecidehowmanycryptic speciesexistthroughouttheanimalkingdom.??Examplesofcryptic speciesincludetheAfricanelephant.A2001studyfoundtheelephantswere actuallytwogeneticallydistinctnon-interbreedingspeciestheAfricanbush elephantandtheAfricanelephant.Thespeciesarecurrentlylistedas vulnerableandthreatenedrespectivelybytheWorldConservationUnion WCU.??Thereclassificationsaremorethananacademicexercise. Theydefinepopulationsthathaveevolvedindependentlyofeachotherandwhose geneticdifferencescanhavesignificantconsequences.Intheearly1900s misidentificationofmosquitospeciesbasedonmorphologyconfusedattemptsto controlmalariainEurope.Ultimatelywhatwasthoughttobeasinglespecies wasactuallymadeupofsixsiblingspeciesonlythreeofwhichtransmittedthe disease.Thebasicunitinbiologyisalwaysthespeciesandyouhavetoknow whatyouaredealingwith.Pfenningersays.Muchpreviousresearchisnowno longerusedhesaysbecauseitisnotclearwhatspecieswasbeing studied.Whatwasscientists’understandingofcrypticspecies?
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} DefendingtheTheoryofEvolutionStillSeems Needed??JudithS.Weisabiologyprofessorwho servesaspresidentoftheAmericanInstituteofBiologicalSciencesAIBSis leadinganationwideefforttodefendthetheoryofevolution.Weisleadsthe effortinthefaceofwhattheinstituteviewsasoppositionandindifference fromschoolboardsandgovernmententities.??TheInstitute believesthattheteachingofevolutioninAmericaisbeingdiminishedbythe teachingofcreationismaswellasbyanoveralllackofteachingDarwin’s theoryinhighschool.There’snothingthatrequiresschoolstoteach evolution.Sometimesteachersinhighschoolsjustleaveitout.Howeverfrom thepointofviewofbiologistsevolutionisthecentraltheoryofbiologyupon whicheverythingisbasedsaidWeis.Unfortunatelyteachingevolutionhas becomeapoliticalissueinmanypartsofthecountryandAIBSasa representativeofbiologistswantedtobeamajorforcespeakingoutinfavor ofitsteaching.??Weissaidtheinstituteisworkingtogether withtheAmericanGeologicalInstituteandtheNationalAssociationofBiology Teachersandits80-plusmemberorganizationstoaddressthepoliticaland legislativethreatstoteachingevolution.Instateschallengingitsteaching theinstituterespondsbysendingletterstoschoolboardsandstate legislaturesbyprovidingtestimonyatpublicmeetingsandbynotifyingmembers andaffiliatedorganizations.AIBSwithmorethan80membersocietiesand 250000membershasestablishedanemailsystemenablingscientistsand teachersineachstateandmembersocietiestokeepeachotherinformedabout threatstotheteachingofevolution.??Darwin’stheoryof evolutionholdsthatlivingthingschangeandadapttotheirenvironmentand thatpresent-dayspeciesincludinghumanbeingsaredescendedfromearlier speciesthroughmodificationbynaturalselection.Thetheoryhasbeenaccepted byscientistsfornearly100yearsWeissaidandhasbeenrefinedextended andstrengthenedovertheyearsbyfindingsinpaleontologyanddevelopmental biology.Discoveriesingeneticsmolecularbiologyandgenomics—allofwhich providesignificantbenefitsforhumanhealth—wouldnotbepossiblewithoutthe underlyingknowledgeofevolution.AndWeisaddsmodemmolecularbiologyand genomicshaveincreasedourunderstandingofhowevolutionworks.Nonetheless evolutionremainsapoliticallyifnotscientificallycontroversial issue.??Weissaidthatthisyearalonesevenstateshavehad eitherlocalorstatewideeffortstowaterdowntheteachingofevolutionor balanceitwiththeteachingofcreationism—areligiousbeliefthatdifferent specieswerecreatedseparatelybyahigherpowersuchasGod.Rarelydoes anyonenowusetheword’creationism’becausethat’stooobviousWeissaid. Thecurrentterminologyis’intelligentdesign.’ Accordingtothefirstparagraphwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetheoryorevolutionistrue?
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