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Raising pets is not a new thing in China , but recently it has taken on a new meaning . A...
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Haveyoueverwonderedwhatpetsdowhentheirownersleavef
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Iknowwhatyou’rethinking:pizza比萨饼Forbreakfast?Butthetruthisthatyoucanhavelastnight’sleftoversintheA.m.ifyouwantto.Iknowlotsofwomenwhoskipbreakfast不吃早饭andtheyhaveatonofdifferentexcusesfordoingit.Somesaytheydon’thavetimeothersthinkthey’resayingcalories卡路里stillothersjustdon’tlikebreakfastfooD.学科Butthebottomlineisthateatinginthemorningisveryimportantwhenyou’retryingtoloseweight.Eatingjustaboutanythingfrom300to400calorieswouldbebetterthannothingatallsaysKatherineBrookingR.D.whodevelopedthesuper-easyeatingplanforthisyear’sSELFCHALLENGE.Andevenpizzacanbehealthyifit’sloadedwithvegetablesandyousticktoonesmallpiecE.学科BreakfastisonemealInevermissandthesamegoesformostweightlosssuccessstories.Researchshowsthateatingbreakfastkeepsyoufromovereatinglaterintheday.ResearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniafoundthatbreakfastskippershaveabiggerchanceofgainingweightthanthosewhoregularlyhaveamorningmeal.Soeatsomethinginthemorninganything.IknowplentyoffriendswhoenduphavingnobreakfastaltogetherandhavejustcoffeeororangejuicE.Isaytryheatinguplastnight’sleftovers–itmaysoundcrazybutifitworksforyoudoit!IfindifItellmyselfYoucanalwayseatittomorrow.Iputawaytheleftoversinsteadofeatingmorethatnight.Tryityoumaysaveyourselfsomepre-bedtimecalories.Andwatchyourbodygainthefat-burningeffects.ThewordleftoversinparagraphIprobablymeans______.A.foodremainingafteramealB.thingsleftundoneC.mealsmadeofvegetablesD.pizzatoppedwithfruitWhatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Workingwomenusuallyhavebreakfastinahurry.B.Manypeoplehavewrongideasaboutbreakfast.C.Therearesomeeasywaysofcookingameal.D.Eatingvegetableshelpssaveenergy.Accordingtothelastparagraphitisimportantto_______.A.eatsomethingforbreakfastB.becarefulaboutwhatyoucatC.heatupfoodbeforeeatingitD.catcalorie-controlledfoodThetextiswrittenmainlyforthose_______.A.whogotoworkearlyB.whowanttoloseweightC.whostayuplateD.whoeatbeforesleep
B.ThereisanEnglishsaying:laughterisbestmedicinE.Untilrecentlyfewpeopletookthesayingseriously.Nowhoweverdoctorshavebeguntolookintolaughterandtheeffectsithasonthehumanbody.Theyhavefoundthatlaughterreallycanimprovepeople’shealth.Testswerecarriedouttostudytheeffectsoflaughteronthebody.Peoplewatchedfunnyfilmswhiledoctorscheckedtheirheartsbloodpressurebreathingandmuscles.ItwasfoundthatlaughterhadsimilareffectstophysicalexercisE.Itincreasesbloodpressuretheheartbeatingandbreathing;italsoworksseveralgroupsofmusclesinthefacethestomachandeventhefeet.Iflaughterexercisesthebodyitmustbebeneficial.Othertestshaveshownthatlaughterappearstobeabletoreducetheeffectofpainonthebody.Inoneexperimentdoctorsproducedpainingroupsofstudentswholistenedtodifferentradioprogrammer.Thegroupthattoleratedthepainforthelongesttimewasthegroupswhichlistenedtoafunnyprogrammer.Thereasonwhylaughtercanreducepainseemstobethatithelpstoproduceakindofchemicalsinthebrainwhichdiminishbothstressandpain.AsaresultofthesediscoveriessomedoctorsintheUnitedStatesnowholdlaughterclinicsinwhichtheyhelptoimprovetheirpatients’conditionbyencouragingthemtolaugh.Theyhavefoundthateveniftheirpatientsdonotreallyfeellikelaughingmakingthemsmileisenoughtoproducebeneficialeffectssimilartothosecausedbylaughter.60.DoctorshaveprovedthefollowingEXCEPTthat.A.smilingdoesgoodtohealthB.laughtercanbetoleratedC.thereisawaytoreducepainD.laughtercanworkthemusclesinthefeet61.Themainideaofthepassageis.A.laughterandphysicalexercisehavesimilareffectsonthehumanbodyB.smilecanproducethesameeffectsaslaughterC.paincanbereducedbylaughterD.laughteristhebestmedicine62.Theunderlinedworddiminishissimilarto.A.testB.stopC.reduceD.increase63.Doctorsholdlaughterclinics_________.A.togivebetterconditiontotheirpatientsB.inordertoimprovepatients’healthC.tomakepatientssmileD.toprovesmileandlaughterhavethesameeffect
Toocoldforrecess?SchoolpoliciesvaryasmuchastempsWhenisittoocoldforschoolchildrentogooutsideforrecess课间休息?Theanswervarieswidelybasedonwhereaschoolislocatedandwhatthekidsareusedto.Consider:OnenorthernMinnesotaschoolsaysithastobe15belowzerobeforekidsarekeptinsidE.ButinareasalongtheEastCoasttemperaturesbelow35to40degreescouldkeepkidsinsidE.CancelingrecessbecauseofthecoldisnosmallissueconsideringthatmuchoftheUSAistremblingthroughwhatmaybeitscoldestwinterinagenerationaccordingtoAccuWeather.ThereisnonationaltemperaturestandardforwhentokeepkidsinsideduringthewintermonthstheU.S.DepartmentofEducationsays.Decisionsaremadeatthelocalleveleitherbyprincipalsorschooldistricts.Consequentlypoliciesarealloverthemap:??InInternationalFallsMinn.theself-describedIceboxoftheNationwheretheaveragehightemperatureinJanuaryis13degreesFallsElementarySchoolPrincipalJerryHilfersaysifit's15beloworwarmertheygooutnomatterwhat.At20belowitgetsiffyheadds.??InWicomicoCountyMD.principalstypicallykeepchildrenindoorswhentemperaturesdropbelowfreezingorifit'srainingorsnowingsaysSusanJonestheschoolsystem'sdirectorofelementaryeducation.That'sthebottomlinesaysCurtisTwilleyprincipalofPembertonElementarySchoolinSalisburyMD.Twilleysaysstudentsgetlittleexercisewhenrecessstaysindoors.AtPembertonElementarythestudentswilltypicallyplayboardgamesorcomputergamesinaclassroombecausetheschool'sgymisoccupiedwithotherclasseshesays.??ForschoolsinMarquetteMich.whichaveragesabout12feetofsnowperseasonschoolofficialsacknowledgestudentsareprobablyalittlemorepreparedthanthoseinsomemoremildclimates.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage_________.A.Nonationaltemperaturestandardismadeforwhentokeepkidsinsideduringthewintermonths.B.SusanJonesinsistsstudentsgetlittleexercisewhenrecessstaysindoors.C.InWicomicoCountychildrenarekeptindoorswhentemperaturesdipbelowfreezing.D.Michhasabout12feetofsnowperseasononaveragE.WhichplacecallsitselfBoxofIce?WicomicoCountyB.MarquetteC.SalisburyD.MinnConsidering_______cancelingrecessInUSAbecauseofthecoldisabigissuE.A.differentschoolshavedifferentprinciples.B.muchoftheUSAhasverycoldwinter.C.physicalactivitycanbooststudentperformancE.D.decisionsaremadeatthelocallevelTheunderlinedwordiffymeans_______.A.uncertainB.surprisingC.seriousD.worseWhatwillbetalkedaboutnext?A.MoreschoolpoliciesB.Thereasonswhyschoolpoliciesvary.C.Measurestoimprovethesituation.D.Necessitiestoimprovethesituation
SportscanhelpyoukeepfitandgetintouchwithnaturE.Howeverwhetheryouareonthemountainsinthewavesoronthegrasslandyoushouldbeawarethatyoursportofchoicemighthavegreatinfluenceontheenvironment.Somesportsareresource-hungry.Golfasyoumayknoweatsupnotonlylargeareasofcountrysidebutalsotonsofwater.Besidesallsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses球场ingoodcondition.Thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects.ForexampleinthedryregionsofPortugalandSpaingolfisoftenheldresponsibleforseriouswatershortageinsomelocalareas.Therearemanyenvironment-friendlysports.Powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday.Youdon’tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes;andyoudon’thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpursE.Simpleandfreepowerwalkingcanalsokeepyoufit.Ifyouwalkregularlyitwillbegoodforyourheartandbones.Expertssaythat20minutesofpowerwalkingdailycanmakeyoufeellessanxioussleepwellandhavebetterweightcontrol.Whateversportyoutakeupyoucanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment-friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials.Butthefinalgoalshouldbegreengyms.Theyarebetterreplacementsfortraditionalhealthclubsandmodernsportscenters.Membersofgreengymsplaysportsoutdoorsinthecountrysideorotheropenspaces.Thereisnospecialrequirementforyoutostartyourmembership.Andbestofallit’sfreE.Whichofthefollowingistheauthormostprobablyinfavorof?A.CyclingaroundalakE.B.Motorracinginthedesert.C.Playingbasketballinagym.D.Swimminginasportscenter.Whatdoweknowaboutgolffromthepassage?A.ItispopularinPortugalandSpain.B.Itcauseswatershortagesinsomeareas.C.Itpollutestheearthwithchemicalsandwastes.D.Itneedswaterandelectricitytokeepitscoursesgreen.Theauthorwritesthepassageto_______.A.showusthefunctionofmajorsportsB.introducedifferenttypesofenvironment-friendlysportsC.discussthemajorinfluenceofpopularsportsD.encourageustogoinforgreensports
For52yearsmyfathergotupat5:30ameverymorningwenttoworkandreturnedhomeat5:30pm.IneversawmyfatherstayedhomefromworkillnordidIeverseemyfatherlaydowntotakeanap.Hehadnohobbiesotherthantakingcareofhisfamily.Allheaskedfrommehisdaughterwastohelphimwhilehewasrepairingsomethingsowecouldhavesometimetotalk.For22yearsafterIlefthomeforcollegemyfathercalledmeat9:00ameverySunday.NineyearsagowhenIboughtmyfirsthousemyfather67yearsoldspenteighthoursadayforthreedaysinthe80-degreeKansasheatpaintingmyhousE.HewouldnotallowmetopaysomeonetohaveitdonE.AllheaskedforwasaglassoficedteA.Fiveyearsagoatage71myfatherspentfivehoursputtingtogetheraswingsetformydaughter.FouryearsagomyfatherdroveallthewayfromDenvertoTopekawithaneight-footColoradoBlueSpruce云杉inhistrucksothatwecouldhaveapartofColoradogrowingonourlanD.OnthemorningofJanuary161996mysistertelephonedme;myfatherwasinthehospitalwithananeurysm动脉瘤inFloridA.IgotonanairplaneimmediatelyandonthewayIrealizedthatIhadn’tcommunicatedwithhimasmuchasI’dalwayswantedto.Ivowed发誓thatwhenIarrivedIwouldhavealongtalkwithhim.IarrivedinFloridaat1amonlytofindthatmyfatherattheageof76hadpassedawayat9:12pm.ThistimeitwashewhodidnothavetimetotalkortimetowaitformE.1.Fromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthattheauthor’sfather______.A.wasagooddriverB.wasingoodhealthC.sometimesfellillD.hadnohobbies2.Theunderlinedphraseotherthaninthefirstparagraphcanbereplacedby______.A.exceptB.includingC.withoutD.dueto3.Accordingtothelastparagraphwecanknowthattheauthor’sfatherwasbornin______.A.1916B.1918C.1920D.19224.Theauthorwrotethearticleinorderto______.A.praiseherfatherB.rememberherfatherC.showherfatherlovedherD.letherfatherbeknown
A.centuries-oldtraditionofwearingawhitehorse-hairwigincourtendedformanyjudgeswhenasimplernewdresscodecameintoforcE.Whilejudgesincriminalcaseswillstillwearthemthoseincivilandfamilyhearingswillappearbare-headedincourtwearinganew-styleplainblackrobetheBritishgovernmentsaiD.AfteralongdebatetheLordChiefJusticeLordPhilipsheadofthejudiciary司法部inEnglandandWalesfinallyorderedthechangesinanattempttomodernizethecourts.Wigshavebeenanemblem象征oftheBritishlegalsystemsincethe17thcenturywhenthefashionforwearingtheminwidersocietywentthroughtothecourts.Forhundredsofyearsbeforethereign统治ofCharlesIIjudgesandlawyerswereexpectedtocometocourtwithshorthairandabearD.Thedecisiontoabandonwigshasdisappointedtraditionalistswhoarguethattheygivejudgesanairofauthorityandimpartiality.WigscouldalsoprotectthemfromangrymembersofthepubliC.JohnMortimerthebarristerandauthoroftheRumpoleoftheBaileybooksopposedthechanges.Theidea’sridiculous!A.barristerwithouthiswigwouldbelikeadoctorwithoutastethoscope听诊器hewroteinanewspaperarticlewhenthechangeswerefirstproposeD.Howevermodernistsarguethatwigsareahangoverfromthepastthatcouldintimidatepeopleincourt.InanewspaperinterviewLordPhillipsdescribedwigsasananachronism不合时宜之物thatgavethepublicafalseimpressionofjudges.A.MinistryofJusticesurveylastyearfound70percentofcourtworkerswantedtokeepwigscomparedto42percentofthepubliC.1.ThereasonswhywigsshouldbekeptarethefollowingEXCEPT________.A.tobuildupthefairimageofthejudges.B.tokeepthejudgesfromtheharmfromtheaudiencE.C.tomaketheaudiencefearthejudges.D.tosymbolizejusticE.2.AccordingtotheBritishgovernmentwigswillstillbewornin________.A.murdercasesB.divorcecasesC.propertycasesD.realestatecases3.Theunderlinedword‘intimidate’inParagraph4means________.A.frightenedB.dissatisfiedC.amusedD.annoyed4.BasedonthearticlewhichofthefollowinginferencesisTRUE?A.Wearingwigswereverypopularinthe17thcenturyinBritain.B.Astethoscopetoadoctoriswhatawigtoatraditionalist.C.Thecourtsstartedthefashionofwearingwigs.D.Manypeoplefavorthewigsforthejudges.5.Thearticleismainlyabout_________.A.thedifficultyinabandoningwigsincourt.B.thehistoryofwearingwigsandtheendofit.C.abandoningwigsformanyjudgesandthedebatecausedbyit.D.theopinionofthepublicandcourtworkersonabandoningwigs.
CCancerresearchersurgedpeopleonWednesdaytotakemorevitaminD.tolowerriskofcancersayingstudiesshowedaclearlink.Oursuggestionisforpeopletoincreasetheirintake吸入摄入throughdietoravitaminsupplementDr.CedricGarlandsaidinatelephoneinterview.Garland'sresearchteamreviewed63studiesincludingseverallargelong-termonesontherelationshipbetweenvitaminD.andcertaintypesofcancerworldwidebetween1966and2004.There'snothingthathasthisabilitytopreventcancerhesaidurginggovernmentsandpublichealthofficialstodomoretofortify增强foodswithvitaminD.GarlandispartofaUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiegoMooresCancerCenterteamthatpublisheditsfindingsthisweekonlineintheAmericanJournalofPublicHealth.VitaminD.isfoundinmilkaswellasinsomefortifiedorangejuiceyogurtandcheesesusuallyataround100internationalunitsIUaserving.Peoplemightwanttoconsideravitaminsupplementtoraisetheirintaketo1000IUsperdayGarlandsaidaddingthatitwaswellwithinthesafetyguidelinesestablishedbytheNationalAcademyofSciences.TheauthorssaidthattakingmorevitaminD.couldbeespeciallyimportantforpeoplelivinginnorthernareaswhichreceivelessvitaminD.fromsunshinE.AfricanAmericanswhodon'tproduceasmuchofthevitaminbecauseoftheirskincolourcouldalsobenefitsignificantlyfromahigherintaketheauthorssaiD.66.AccordingtothepassagepeopleareadvisedtotakemoreVitaminDbecause__.A.itisnutritiousB.itcan‘tharmpeople’shealthC.itcanlowercancerriskD.itisnottakenenougheveryday67.WhichofthefollowingcannothelppeoplegetmoreVitaminD?A.HavesomesunshineB.HavemoremeatC.HavemorefortifiedcheeseD.Haveavitaminsupplement68.WhocanGarlandprobablybe?A.A.healthresearcherB.A.doctorC.A.scientistD.A.publichealthofficial69.Whichofthefollowingfoodcanlowerpeople‘schanceofgettingcancer?A.MilkB.FortifiedorangejuiceC.FortifiedyogurtD.Alloftheabove70.PeoplefromwhichareashouldtakemoreVitaminD.accordingtothepassage?A.AsianpeopleB.AfricanpeopleC.AmericanpeopleD.Europeanpeople
Everyoneknowswhataneedleis.Ofcoursethereareneedlesandneedles:Needlesforsewingmachinesneedlesforinjection注射younameit.Butfewpeoplethinkofthewonder:aneedleworksinthehandsofthosewhopracticeacupuncture针刺疗法.DuringthepasttenyearsorsoIhavebeensufferingfromterribleheadachE.Itseemstobegettingfrombadtoworsethesedays.LastnightIgotasuddenpaininmyheaD.ItwassoterriblethatIcouldhardlybear忍受it.AlthoughIswallowedallkindsofpain-killers止痛药Ididn’tfeelanybetterItseemedthattherewasnothingIcoulddobutphoneforadoctor.Oneofourneighbourshappenedtobewithus.Hewasnotadoctorbuthetimidly胆怯地offeredhishelpsayingDoyoumindifItriedacupunctureonyou?TheseneedlesmaypossiblydoyousomegooD.IagreeD.InamomenthehadtakenoutafewneedlesfromhispursE.Withoutamoment’sdelayhefixedafewneedlesintotheskinonmyheadhereandthereBeforelongIfeltthoroughlyrelieved缓解疼痛.JustthenthedoctorspedthroughmyhouseandsaidWhereisourpatient?SorryDoctorYouaretoolateIt’skilled!Iansweredindelight.It’smiracleisn’tit?Theunderlinedphrasefrombadtoworseinthesecondparagraphreferstotheman’s.A.characterB.lifeC.headacheD.healthWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.theneighbourfixedneedlesonhisownheadB.Theneighbourisakind-heartedperson.C.Theman’spainwaskilledbeforethedoctorarrivedD.SoonaftertheacupuncturethemanwascompletelyrecovereD.ThesentencesYouaretoolatE.It’skilled.meanthat.A.thepainwaskilledbecausethedoctorcamelateB.themanwaskilledbecausethedoctorcametoolateC.beforethedoctorcametheman’sheadachewasalreadycuredD.itwastoolateandthemanhadgoneawayThepassagetellsusthat.A.everyoneknowsthatacupunctureisamiracleB.theneighbourwantedtouseacupunctureoneverypatientC.theeffectofacupunctureonthemanwasunbelievableD.thepatientdidnotbelieveinacupuncture
LikeagrowingnumberofyoungwomeninVietnam’snorthernpartcityofHaiphongPhamThiHuewasinfectedwithHIVbyherhusbandoneofthetown’smanydrugusers.ButinsteadofbeingshamedintosilenceasVietnamesewithHIVandAIDSarethe25-year-oldtailorandmotherofonewentpublicappearingontelevisionandatconferences.Herbusinesssufferedandherneighborsinsulted辱骂herbutHuehasnowbecomethepublicfaceofMothersandWivesanHIV/AIDSsupportgroupestablishedinHaiphongbyaNorwegiannongovernmentalorganizationandherneighborhood’sPeople’sCommitteE.Lastyearshefoundedasmallergroupnamedafteralocalflower.Peoplewhoneedadviceontreatmentorhelppreparingbodiesforburialcandialahotlineandgetassistancefromableandsympathetic同情的HIVvictims.WegathertosupporteachotherHuesays.Whenwearesickwhatweneedmostisencouragementandcomfortfrompeoplewhounderstandoursituationandarewillingtoshareourhappinessaswellasoursadness.OnahotanddampnightlastmonthHuewelcomedintohersmallhomeaverythinwomanalsoatailorwhowasHIVpositivE.ThewomantearfullytoldHuethatshehadnottoldanyoneaboutherconditionfearingthatshewouldlosecustomersandthatherdaughterwouldbeinsultedatschool.HuebecamethewiseelderofferingmedicalandpersonaladvicE.WhatdidPhamThiHuedoaftershewasinfectedwithHIV?A.ShekeptsilentB.SheworkedasusualC.Shestayedathomeandcriedeveryday.D.Shewentpublicandgavehelptoothers.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthegroupPhamThiHuefoundedismadeupof____.A.drugusersB.HIVvictimsC.allkindsofpatientsD.poorpeopleFromthepassagewecanlearnthatPhamThiHueisawomanwhois_______.A.weakandkindB.foolishandidleC.braveandhelpfulD.cautiousandenergetic
A.smallpieceoffisheachdaymaykeeptheheartdoctoraway.That'sthefindingofascientificstudyofDutchmeninwhichdeathsfromheartdiseaseweremorethan50percentloweramongthosewhoconsumedatleastanounce盎司ofsaltwaterfishperdaythanthosewhoneveratefish.TheDutchresearchisoneofthreehumanstudiesthatholdthebeliefthateatingfishcanprovidehealthbenefitsparticularlytotheheart.Heartdiseaseisthenumber-onekillerintheUnitedStateswithmorethan550000deathsoccurringfromheartattackseachyear.Butresearcherspreviouslyhavenoticedthattheincidence发生率ofheartdiseaseislowerinculturesthatconsumemorefishthanAmericansdo.TherearefewerheartdiseasedeathsforexampleamongtheEskimosofGreenlandwhoconsumeabout14ouncesoffishadayandamongtheJapanesewhosedailyfishconsumptionaveragesmorethan3ounces.20090519
SomethinginchocolatecouldbeusedtostopcoughsandleadtomoreeffectivemedicinessayUKresearchers.Theirstudyfoundthattheobrominefoundincocoawasnearlyathirdmoreeffectiveinstoppingcoughsthancodeinewhichwasconsideredthebestcoughmedicineatpresent.TheImperialCollegeLondonresearcherswhopublishedtheirresultsonlinesaidthediscoverycouldleadtomoreeffectivecoughtreatment.Whilecoughingisnotnecessarilyharmful有害的itcanhaveamajoreffectonthequalityoflifeandthisdiscoverycouldbeahugestepforwardintreatingthisproblemsaidProfessorPeterBarnes.Tenhealthyvolunteers志愿者weregiventheobrominecodeineorplaceboapillthatcontainsnomedicineduringtheexperiment.Neitherthevolunteersnortheresearchersknewwhoreceivedwhichpill.Theresearchersthenmeasuredlevelsofcapsaicinwhichisusedinresearchtocausecoughingandasasignofhowwellthemedicinearestoppingcoughs.Theteamfoundthatwhenthevolunteersweregiventheobrominethecapsaicinneedtoproduceacoughwasaroundathirdhigherthanintheplacebogroup.Whentheyweregivencodeinetheyneedonlyslightlyhigherleversofcapsaicintocauseacoughcomparedwiththeplacebo.Theresearcherssaidthattheobromineworkedbykeepingdownaverveactivity神经活动whichcausecoughing.Theyalsofoundthatunlikesomestandardcoughtreatmentstheobrominecausednosideeffectssuchassleepiness.AccordingtoProfessorBarnestheobromine______.A.cannotbeaseffectiveascodeineB.canbeharmfultopeople’shealthC.cannotbeseparatedfromchocolateD.canbeamoreeffectivecureforcoughsWhatwasusedintheexperimenttocausecoughing?A.TheobrominE.B.CodeinE.C.Capsaicin.D.Placebo.Welearnfromthetextthatvolunteersintheexperiment_____.A.werepatientswithbadcoughsB.weredividedintothethreegroupsC.receivedstandardtreatmentsD.sufferedlittlesideeffectsWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Codeine:A.NewMedicineB.ChocolateMayCureCoughsC.CoughTreatment:A.HardCaseD.TheobromineCanCauseCoughs
Alzheimer'sdiseaseisamajornationalhealthproblem.Nearly2millionAmericansovertheageof65haveAlzheimer'sdiseasE.Itisaleadingcauseofdeathamongtheelderly.ButAlzheimer'sdiseaseisnotconfined限于totheageD.Theremaybeamillionormorepeopleundertheageof65sufferingfromthediseasE.Atonetimepeoplesufferingfromthediseaseweresaidtobegettingold.ThediseasewasthoughttobeanaturalpartofgrowingoldbutitisnowknownthatAlzheimer'sdiseasestrikesyoungandoldalikE.Itisanorganic器官的diseasethatdestroysbraincells.Alzheimer'sdiseaseaffectsthepatient'smemoryspeechandmovement.InthebeginningstagesofthediseasethepatientmayseemslightlyconfuseD.Hemayhavetroublespeaking.thenthepatient'smemorybeginstofail.Hemayforgetdatesnumbersnamesandplans.Asthediseaseprogressesthepatientmaynotrecognizefamilyandfriends.Thesesymptoms症状oftencauseterribleanxietyinthepatient.HemayfeellostandfrighteneD.Sometimesthepatientreactswithwildandbadbehavior.Inthelaststagesofthediseasethepatientmaynotbeabletotakecareofhimself.Hemayhavelosttheabilitytospeakandwalk.Scientistsdon'tknowexactlywhatcausesAlzheimer'sdiseasE.Itmaybecausedbyavirus病毒.Itmaybecausedbyapoisonoussubstance物质intheenvironment.AtpresentthereisnocureforthediseasE.Buttherearewaystoslowitsprogress.ExerciseandphysicaltreatmentcanhelpthepatientsofthisdiseasE.ThemainideaofthepassageisthatAlzheimer'sdisease_________.A.isaterriblepartoftheagingprocessB.isanorganicdiseasethataffectsyoungandoldC.canbecuredbyphysicaltreatmentD.causesforgetfulnessAllofthefollowingaresymptomsofAlzheimer'sdiseaseEXCEPT__________.A.forgetfulnessB.difficultyinspeakingC.lossofsight.D.lossoftheabilitytowalkAccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingmaybeacauseofAlzheimer'sdisease?A.Poisonsproducedbythebrain.B.GettingolD.C.Avirus.D.LackofexercisE.ThepressofAlzheimer'sdiseasecanbeslowedbyA.operationB.achangeinenvironmentC.medicinesD.physicaltreatmentandexercise
ChemicalsusedforindustrialprocessesoftencreatedangerousformsofwastE.TheamountofthesechemicalshasrisenheavilyinthepastfewyearsasmoreareasoftheworldindustrializeandnewproductsareproduceD.Over80000differentchemicalsareusedinindustriesworldwidE.Aroundtheworldhundredsofmillionsoftonsofharmfulwasteareproducedeachyear.Oftenitisdifficultandexpensivetogetridofthesechemicalsortostoretheminawaythatdoesnotendangerhumanlifeandtheenvironment.EveryyearmajorhealthproblemsresultfromharmfulwastE.SadlyitisoftenwhensomeonehasdiedorbecomeseriouslyillthatgovernmentswilltakeactionandreducelevelsofdumpedharmfulwastE.In1989aschoolinNewJerseyhadtobeclosedbecausestudentstherehadsufferedtoomuchexposuretochromium.ItwaslaterlearnedthatlargeamountsofchromiumhadbeendumpednearbyandblownovertotheschoolareA.Researchhasbeendonetoprovideinformationontheeffectsofeverychemical.Becausewastechemicalsoftenmixtogetheritwillalsobenecessarytolearnhowthecombinationsofthesechemicalsaffecthumanhealth.SomegovernmentshaverealizedhowserioustheproblemisandaremakinglawstogetridofharmfulwastE.TheyarealsotryingtolimittheamountofwasteindustriesareallowedtoproducE.Notonlygovernmentsbutthepublicaswellmustformpartofthesolution.Theycanchoosenottobuythoseproductswhichrequiretheproductionofharmfulwasteattempttoaffectpolicymakersandproducelessharmfulwastethemselves.Manyscientiststhinkthatwasteproductioncanbecut.Thewastecanbereducedbyatleastone-thirdusingexistingtechnologiesandmethods.57.Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?A.Theeffectofeverychemical.B.ProblemsofharmfulwastE.C.Chemicalsusedforindustrialprocesses.D.Eventsrelatedtowastechemicals.58.Fromthetextweknowthat______.A.chromiumcanpoisonpeoplewhenthereisawindB.chromiumpollutionmakesthelocalgovernmentclosetheschoolC.Somegovernmentsdon’trealizehowserioustheproblemsareuntilpeoplesufferalotfromharmfulwasteD.abouttwo-thirdsofthewastecanpollutetheenvironment59.Whichofthefollowingleastmatchesthesolutionthewriterrefersto?A.ChemicalsusedforindustrialprocessesshouldbebanneD.B.PeoplecanmakeuseoftheexistingtechnologiesandmethodstoreducethewasteC.PolicymakersmakelawstolimittheproductionofharmfulwastE.D.PeoplechoosenottobuyproductswhichmayproduceharmfulwastE.60.Thewriterofthetextthinksthat______.A.governmentsshouldhaveforbiddentheproductionofwastechemicalsB.mixedwastechemicalscanalwaysbestoredwithoutendangeringpeopleC.industriesmustnotproducewastechemicalswhichharmpeoplesomuchD.everyonecandosomethingtohelpsolvetheproblemofwastechemicals
ThereisanoldsayinginEnglishLaughteristhebestmedicine.Untilrecentlyfewpeopletookthesayingveryseriously.Nowhoweverdoctorshavebeguntoinvestigatelaughterandtheeffectsithasonthehumanbody.Theyhavefoundevidencethatlaughterreallycanimprovepeople'shealth.Testswerecarriedouttostudytheeffectsoflaughteronthebody.Peoplewatchedfunnyfilmswhiledoctorscheckedtheirheartratebloodpressurebreathingandmuscles.ItwasfoundthatlaughterhassimilareffectstophysicalexercisE.Itincreasesbloodpressuretheheartrateandtherateofbreathingitalsoworksseveralgroupsofmusclesinthefacethestomachandeventhefeet.Iflaughterexercisesthebodyitmustbebeneficial.Othertestshaveshownthatlaughterappearstobecapableofreducingtheeffectofpainonthebody.Inoneexperimentdoctorsproducedpainingroupsofstudentswholistenedtodifferentradioprograms.Thegroupwhichtoleratedthepainforthelongesttimewas'thegroupwhichlistenedtoafunnyprogram.Thereasonwhylaughtercanreducepainseemstobethatithelpstoproduceendorphins内啡肽inthebrain.Thesearenaturalchemicalswhichdiminishbothstressandpain.Thereisalsosomeevidencetosuggestthatlaughterhelpsthebody'simmune免疫的systemthatisthesystemwhichfightsinfection.Inanexperimentonegroupofstudentswatchedafunnyvideowhileanothergroupservedasthecontrolgroup-inotherwordsagroupwithwhichtocomparethefirstgroup.Doctorscheckedthebloodofthestudentsinbothgroupsandfoundthatthepeopleinthegroupthatwatchedthevideohadanincreaseintheactivityoftheirwhitebloodcellsthatisthecellswhichfightinfection.Asaresultofthesediscoveriessomedoctorsandpsychiatrists精神病学家intheUnitedStatesnowholdlaughterclinicsinwhichtheytrytoimprovetheirpatients'conditionbyencouragingthemtolaugh.Theyhavefoundthateveniftheirpatientsdonotreallyfeellikelaughingmakingthemsmileisenoughtoproducebeneficialeffectssimilartothosecausedbylaughter.Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthatlaughter____________________.A.isgoodforone'shealthB.isrelatedtosomeillnessC.hasbeeninvestigatedlongsinceD.hasnoeffectonthebodyDoctorshavefoundthatlaughter_______________________.A.keepsdownbloodpressurE.B.hassimilareffectstophysicalexerciseC.decreasestheheartrateD.increasesstressWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueoflaughteraccordingtothepassage?A.Itreducespain.B.Itexercisesthebody.C.Itimprovesthebody'simmunesystem.D.Itcancurecancer.Thewriter'sattitudetowardslaughteris__________.A.criticalB.doubtfulC.positiveD.negative
InreallifethedailystrugglesbetweenparentsandchildrenarearoundthesenarrowproblemsofanextrahourextraTVshowandsoonsaidAviSadehpsychologyprofessoratTelAvivUniversity.ToolittlesleepandmoreaccidentshesaiD.SadehandhiscolleaguesfoundanextrahourofsleepcanmakeabigdifferencE.ThechildrenwhosleptlongeralthoughtheywokeupmorefrequentlyduringthenightscoredhigherontestsSadehreportedintheMarch/AprilissueofjournalChildDevelopment.Whenthechildrensleptlongertheirsleepqualitywassomewhatweakbutinspiteofthistheirperformanceforstudyimprovedbecausetheextrasleepwasmoresignificantthanthereductioninsleepquality.SadehsaiD.Somestudiessuggestedthatlackofsleepasachildaffectsdevelopmentintoadulthoodandit’smorelikelytodeveloptheirattentiondisorderwhentheygrowolder.InearlierstudiesSadeh’steamfoundthatfourthgraderssleptanaverageof8.2hoursandsixthgraderssleptanaverageof7.7hours.PreviousresearchhasshownchildreninelementaryschoolneedatleastninehoursofsleepanightonaregularbasissaidCarlHuntdirectoroftheNationalCenteronSleepDisordersResearchinBethesdaandhigh-school-agechildrenneedsomewhatlesshesaidaddingtheresultsofinsufficientsleepcouldbeserious.AtiredchildisanaccidentwaitingtohappenHuntsaiD.Andaskidsgetoldertoysgetbiggerandtheriskshigher.Huntalsosaidtoolittlesleepcouldresultinlearningandmemoryproblemsandlong-termeffectsonschoolperformancE.ThisisanimportantextensionofwhatwealreadyknowHuntsaidofSadeh’sresearchaddingsleepisasimportantasnutrition营养andexercisetogoodhealth.ToputitintorealityHuntsaidparentsshouldmakesuretheyknowwhentheirchildrenactuallyaregoingtosleepandtheirroomsareconducivetosleepinginsteadofplaying.WhatisChildDevelopment?A.AnewstoryBA.popularbookC.A.periodicalmagazineDA.TVprogrammeHowmanypersonsareexactlymentionedinthetext?A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.FourTheunderlinedphraseconducivetointhelastsentencemeans________.A.helpingtohappenB.influencedbyC.fullofD.acceptableofWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TherearesomedailystrugglesbetweenparentsandchildrenbecauseofhavingnothingincommonwithextraresttimE.B.Thechildrenwhosleeplongerareweakintheirstudy.C.LackofsleepasachildhasgreateffectontheirdevelopmentintoadulthooD.D.Ingeneralchildreninelementaryschoolneedatleastninehoursofsleepanight.
Healthyeatingbeginswithlearninghowtoeatsmart.It’snotjustwhatyoueat.howyoueat.Payattentiontowhatyoueatandchoosingfoodsthatarebothnourishingenjoyablehelpssupportanoverallhealthydiet.TaketimetochewyourfoodChewyourfoodslowlysavoringeverybitE.Wetendtorushthroughourmealsforgettingtoactuallytastetheflavorsandfeelthetextures质地ofisinourmouths.Reconnectwithjoyofeating.AvoidstresswhileeatingAvoideatingwhileworkingdrivingarguingorwatchingTV.TrytakingsomedeepbreathsbeforebeginningyourmealorlightcandlesandplaysoothingmusictocreatearelaxingatmospherE.ListentoyourbodyAskifyouarereallyhungry.Youmayreallybethirstysotrydrinkingaglassofwaterfirst.Duringamealstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.Itactuallytakesafewminutesyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadfoodsoeatslowly.EatearlyStartingyourdayahealthybreakfastcanjumpstartyourmetabolism新陈代谢andeatingearlyinthedaygivesyourbodytimetoworkthosecaloriesoff.
AsAH1N1flucontinuestospreadexpertsfromtheWorldHealthOrganizationarecallingforeveryonetopracticesmartflupreventiontechniques.Besideswashingyourhandsandgettingenoughsleepherearetheother7waystokeepyourbodystrongandyourimmune免疫systemreadytofightinfection.AvoidContactwithSickPeopleFluvirusisspreadwhenparticles微粒blownintotheairthroughacoughorsneezereachsomeoneelse’snosE.Soifyou’recoughingorsneezingcoveryourmouthandthenwashyourhandsandifyouhavetobearoundsomeonewhoissicktrytostayafewfeetawayfromthemandavoidphysicalcontact.EatImmune–BoostingFoodsKeepingyourbodystrongandreadytofightinfectionisimportantinfluprevention.Fattyfoodscanmakeyoufeellazyandmakeyourimmunesystemworkinginaninactiveandcompromisedway.Sostickwithwholesgrainscolorfulvegetablesandvitamin–richfruits.AvoidAlcoholInadditiontobeingamoodcalmandpleasantalcoholisanimmunerestrictionthatcanactuallydecreaseyourresistancetovirusinfectionslikeAH1N1flu.Soavoidalcoholtokeepyourimmunesystemstrong.DrinkEnoughWaterDrink8–10glassesofwatereachdaytowashoutpoisonousthingsfromyoursystemandmaintainsysteminagoodstateKeepPhysicallyActiveAdequateexercise–forexamplewalkingfor30to40minutes3or4timesaweek–supportstheimmunesystembyincreasingcirculationspeedingthebody’soxygen–taking–intakingawaypoisonousthingsthroughsweatandreleasingtensionandstress.Sogetmoving!BeCarefulofSurfacesThisisasmuchamindfulnessexerciseasanythingelsE.Beawareofwhatpublicsurfacesyoutouchwhenyou’veshakenhandswithsomeoneorwhenyou’reusingsomethinglikeapenthatothershaverecentlyused–anddon’ttouchyourfaceuntilyou’vehadachancetowashyourhands.KnowWhentoGetHelpAH1N1flucanlooklikeregularflusodon’tfeellikeyounecessarilyareinfectedifyou’reexhibitingflu–likesymptoms.ButdoconsultyourdoctorifyoursymptomsareseverE.
TheconceptofpersonalchoiceinrelationtohealthbehaviorsisanimportantonE.Anestimated90percentofallillnessesmaybepreventableifindividualswouldmakesoundpersonalhealthchoiceanddonotliketoseeitrestrictedwhenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.ThestructureofAmericansocietyallowsustomakealmostallourownpersonaldecisionsthatmayconcernourhealth.IfwesodesirewecansmokedrinkexcessivelyrefusetowearseatbeltseatwhateverfoodswewantandliveacompletelysedentarylifestylewithoutanyexercisE.ThefreedomtomakesuchpersonaldecisionsisafundamentalaspectofoursocietyalthoughthewisdomofthesedecisionscanbequestioneD.Personalchoicesrelativetohealthoftencauseadifficulty.Asoneexampleateenagermayknowthefactsrelativetosmokingcigarettesandhealthbutmaybepressuredbyfriendsintobelievingitisthesociallyacceptedthingtodo.A.multitudeoffactorsbothinheritedandenvironmentalinfluencethedevelopmentofhealthrelatedbehaviorsanditisbeyondthescopeofthistexttodiscussallthesefactorsastheymayaffectanygivenindividual.Howeverthedecisiontoadoptaparticularhealthrelatedbehaviorisusuallyoneofpersonalchoices.Therearehealthychoicesandthereareunhealthychoices.IndiscussingthemoralsofpersonalchoiceFriesandGrapodrewacomparison.TheysuggestthattoknowinglygiveoneselfovertoabehaviorthathasastatisticalprobabilityofshorteninglifeissimilartoattemptingsuicidE.Thusforthoseindividualswhoareinterestedinpreservingboththequalityandquantityoflifepersonalhealthchoicesshouldreflectthosebehaviorsthatareassociatedwithastatisticalprobabilityofincreasedvitalityandlongevity.68.Theconceptofpersonalchoiceconcerninghealthisimportantbecause____.A.personalhealthchoicehelpscuremostillnessB.ithelpsraisethelevelofourmedicalknowledgeC.itisessentialtopersonalfreedominAmericansocietyD.wrongdecisionscouldleadtopoorhealth69.ToliveacompletelysedentarylifestyleL7ParA.1inthepassagemeans____.A.toliveaninactivelifeB.toliveadecentlifeC.tolivealifewithcompletefreedomD.tolivealifeofvice70.Soundpersonalhealthchoiceisoftendifficulttomakebecause____.A.currentmedicalknowledgeisstillinsufficientB.therearemanyfactorsinfluencingourdecisionsC.fewpeoplearewillingtotradethequalityoflifeforthequantityoflifeD.peopleareusuallyinfluencedbythebehavioroftheirfriendsADC
Growingnumbersofpeoplearebecomingaddictedtotextmessaging手机信息aGermandoctorwarnedrecentlyPsychotherapist采用精神疗法的医生AndreasHerterestimatedthatthereweresome380000sufferersinGermanyHerterbasedhisprediction预测onthegrowingnumberofmanicmobilephoneusersamongpatientsarrivingathisHanoverclinic诊所foraddictiontreatmentTextmessageaddictionisarealandseriousillnessbecauseitcausesmentalandfinancialdamagesaidHerterTheproblemleadstodepressionandpersonalitydisordersnottomentionskyrocketing飞涨的phonebillsForexampleateenageboyspent8900eurosUS$11000textingpeoplehedidn’tevenknowandamarriedcouplecouldonlycommunicatebytextmessageevenwhentheyweresittingsidebyside55Thepassageismainlytotellus______A.whypeopleliketextmessagingB.textmessaginghasmanyadvantagesC.overusingtextmessagedoesgreatharmD.textmessagingdoesnogood56Herterthinkstextmessageaddictionis______A.acceptableB.easytodealwithC.unreasonableD.worrying57Theexamplesgiveninthelastparagraphareusedtoshow______A.textmessageaddictionisaseriousdiseasB.theycareaboutnothingelsebuttextmessageC.sendingtextmessageistheironlyhobbyD.theyareveryrich
SHANGHAI-HealthexpertsinShanghaiarecallingformoreprotectionforyoungchildrenasthelatestresearchshowsabouthalfoftheyoungstersaresufferingfromsecondhandsmokE.About45percentofchildrensufferpassivesmokinginfamilies50percentinpublicplacesandalmost6percentonpublictransportationshowsaresearchreleasedbytheShanghaiChildren'sMedicalCenteronTuesday.NotonlyadultsbutalsochildrenandnewbornbabiesareatriskfortheadverseeffectsofpassivesmokingsaidTangJingyanadoctorattheShanghaiChildren'sMedicalCenter.ActuallythoseyoungchildrenwhosebodiesarestillgrowinganddevelopingaremoresensitivetotheeffectsofsecondhandsmokE.Researchhasshownthatchildrenwhoareexposedtosecondhandsmokewillsufferfrommorecoldscoughsandsorethroatsandtheyaremorelikelytosufferfrombronchitispneumoniaandwillhaveahigherriskofdevelopingcancer.Doctorsevensuggestedthatchildrensufferingpassivesmokingaremorelikelytohavebehavioralproblemsandmaynotdevelopmentallyasquicklyastheirpeers.OtherresearchbytheShanghaiChildren'sMedicalCenterhasfoundthatmorethan80percentofchildpatientsinthecenterliveinasmoke-filledhouseholdwhereoneorbothparentssmokE.Thoughdoctorshavestressedtheharmofpassivesmokingoverandoveritisstillhardtoreachatotally'smokefree'homesaidapediatriciannamedZhangYiwennotingthatparentsareoftentemptedtosmokeeventhoughtheyhavelearnedtheharmfuleffectsofsecondhandsmokE.Chinahas540millionpeoplesufferingfrompassivesmoke180millionofthemyoungerthan15.TheageofsmokersisalsogettinglowerearlierreportssaiD.TherearemoreyoungsmokersthanbeforE.Youcanseeyoungpeoplewearingaschooluniformandcarryingaschoolbaglightacigaretteonthestreet.SomeofthemareevenfemalestudentssaidJingXingmingaprofessorofchildren'sdevelopmentalbehavioratthecenter.Childrenliketoimitateadultsespeciallytheirparents.IfparentsoftensmokeathomeitisverylikelychildrenwilldevelopasmokinghabitwhichcancauseaviciouscircleJinsaiD.ReportsfromtheMinistryofHealthsaidChinahasabout350millionsmokersofwhom15millionareunderagesmokers.Alsoaround40millionofthecountry's130millionchildrenagedbetween13and18hadtriedsmokingand15millionhadbecomeaddictedtotobacco.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.AbouthalfoftheyoungstersaresufferingfromsecondhandsmokE.B.Expertsarecallingformoreprotectionforyoungstersfromsmoking.C.Moreandmoreyoungstersarepickingupthehabitofsmoking.D.Smokingdoesgreatharmtothehealthoftheyoungsters.Whatkindoftheyoungstersmostpossiblydevelopahabitofsmoking?A.Childrenofnon-smokingmothers.B.Childrenofnon-smokingfathers.C.Childrenofheavysmokers.D.Childrenfromsomesmokingcenters.Whichofthefollowingdiseasemaynotbeconnectedwithsecondhandsmoking?A.Cancer.B.Behavioralproblems.C.Sorethroats.D.Coughs.Theunderlinedwordviciousinthelastparagraphbutonemostprobablymeans___________.A.completeB.simpleC.greatD.badWhatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.About80%ofthechildrenintheShanghaiChildren'sMedicalCentersmokeheavily.B.About45percentofchildrensufferpassivesmokingintheShanghaiChildren'sMedicalCenter.C.About540millionpeopleareheavysmokersinChinA.D.Childrenagedbetween13to18aremorelikelyaddictedtosmoking.
Somerecentreportsonthedeathpenaltyhavebroughtsomeinterestingresponsesfromreadersalloverthecountry.AlthoughIreallydon’tliketomakefunofpeoplewhoopposethedeathpenaltybecausetheyaresosincereIwishtheywouldcomeupwithsomenewargumentstoreplacetheworn-outones.Forexamplemanysaidsomethinglikethis:Wouldn’titbebettertokeepthekillersalivesopsychiatrists精神科医生canstudytheminordertofindoutwhatmakesthemthewaytheyare?Ittakestheaveragepsychiatristaboutfiveyearstofigurewhyaguywantstostopfortwodrinksafterworkandwon’tquitsmoking.SohowlongdoyouthinkitwilltakehimtodeterminewhysomebodywithanIQof92decidedtomurderthelittleoldladywholivesnextdoor?Besideswehaveahugenumberofkillersinourprisons—morethanenoughtokeepallthenation’spsychiatristsbusyforthenext20years.Anotherstandardis:Thepurposeofthelawshouldbetoprotectsocietynottogivecruelpunishmentsuchasthedeathpenalty.Inthatcaseweshouldteardownalltheprisonsandletallthecriminalsgobecausemostpeoplewouldconsideralongperiodinprisontobecruelpunishment—especiallythosewhoarelockedup.Even30daysintheCookCountyPrisonisnopicniC.And:Whatgivessocietytherighttotakealifeifanindividualcan’t?Theindividualswhomakeupsocietygiveitthatright.Societiesperformmanyfunctionsthatindividualscan’t.Wecan’tcarrygunsandshootpeoplebutwegivethatrighttopolicE.Wordscannotexplainthesufferingthefamiliesofmurdervictimsarelefttolivewith.Thefamiliessufferaterriblelossandtheylivewithterriblememories.Theknowledgethatthekillersarealiveandwillprobablyremainaliveandcaredforbysocietyisextremelypainful.ProbablypeoplewhoopposethedeathpenaltyshouldtryexplainingtothesepeoplehowcruelitistokillsomeonE.72.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsdeathpenalty?A.Deathpenaltyisamust.B.Deathpenaltydoesn’tsolvealltheproblems.C.Deathpenaltyshouldbepracticedmorecarefully.D.Deathpenaltyshouldonlybeusedonmurderers.73.Howmanyargumentsagainstdeathpenaltyarediscussedinthepassage?A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.Five74.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthetextsuggest?A.It’scrueltousedeathpenaltytokillsomeonE.B.Murdervictimsneedmorecomfortfromthesociety.C.Opponentsofdeathpenaltyshouldofferexplanations.D.Murderersshouldbeputtodeathasthepunishment.75.Theauthordevelopsthepassageby_______.A.providingtypicalexamplesofdeathpenaltyB.followingthenaturaltimeorderC.presentingandanalyzingideasD.comparingopinionsfromdifferentfields
Stayingpositivethroughthecoldseasoncouldbeyourbestdefenseagainstgettingillnewstudyfindingssuggest.Inanexperimentthatexposedhealthyvolunteerstoacoldorfluvirusresearchersfoundthatpeoplewithagenerallysunnycharacterwerelesslikelytofallill.ThefindingspublishedinthejournalPsychosomaticMedicinebuildonevidencethatapositiveemotionalstylecanhelptoprotectusfromsufferingthecommoncoldandotherillnesses.Researchersbelievethereasonsmaybebothobjective—asinhappinessimprovingimmunefunction—andsubjective—asinhappypeoplebeinglesstroubledbyasorethroatorrunnynosE.PeoplewithapositiveemotionalstylemayhavedifferentimmuneresponsestothevirusexplainedleadstudyauthorDrSheldonCohenofCarnegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh.AndwhentheydogetacoldtheymayinterprettheirillnessasbeinglessseverE.Cohenandhiscolleagueshadfoundinapreviousstudythathappierpeopleseemedlesslikelytocatchacoldbutsomequestionsremainedastowhethertheemotionalstyleitselfhadtheeffect.Forthenewstudytheresearchershad193healthyadultscompletestandardmeasuresofpersonalitycharacteristicsself-felthealthandemotionalstylE.Thosewhohadatendencytobehappyenergeticandeasy-goingwerejudgedashavingapositiveemotionalstylewhilethosewhowereoftenunhappytenseandaggressivehadanegativestylE.Theresearchersgavethemnasal鼻腔的dropscontainingeitheracoldvirusoraparticularfluvirus.OverthenextsixdaysthevolunteersreportedonanyachespainsorsneezingtheyhadwhiletheresearcherscollectedobjectivedatA.CohenandhiscolleaguesfoundthatbasedonobjectivemeasuresofnasaltroubleshappypeoplewerelesslikelytodevelopacolD.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?______A.StayAwayfromBeingNegativeB.PositiveorNegativeIt’sUptoYou.C.EmotionalStyleandFlu.D.OptimisticPeopleLikelytoKeepDiseasesAway.AccordingtoDrCohen’sresearchthereasonwhysomepeopleareunlikelytocatchacoldmaybethat______.A.theircheerfulmoodbenefitstheimmunesystemB.theyhavedevelopedacertainwayagainstfluvirusC.theyarelesslikelytohaveasorethroatandrunnynoseD.theyhavegotastrongerself-confidenceintheirhealthTheresearchisdoneby______.A.gettingvolunteersinoneemotionalgroupandanalyzingthemB.conductingamedicalexperimentonvolunteersofdifferentemotionalstylesC.collectingandanalyzingvolunteers’objectivenasalproductiondataD.havingvolunteersanswerquestionsonpersonalityhealthandemotions
MeltsAwayBodyfatLikeMagicOkuma'sWu-LongIstheWorld's#1Weight-LossSolution...Howwouldyouliketodrinkawaypoundsofstubbornbodyfatandinchesfromyourwaistline腰围within30shortdays?Yesthat'sright.Drinkawaypoundsofgood-for-nothingbodyfatandinchesfromyourwaistlinewithinonemonth!Soundtoogoodtobetrue?Wellhardasitmaybetobelieveitabsolutelyistrue!Andwe'dliketoproveittoyouatourrisknotyours.Here'sthedeal.Legitimate合法的scientificresearchpublishedintheworld'sleadingacademicjournalsisnowshowingthatanextraordinarilyrareWu-LongteaproducedatMt.WuYiShaninChina'sFujianProvincemaycarryremarkableslimming减肥的andhealthbenefits...somuchsothatChinesescientistsarecallingitTheworld'smostpowerfulfatburner.OurbrandofthisrichteaiscalledOkuma'sWu-LongTMand37scientificstudiespublishedwithinthelastseveralmonthsaloneshowithelpsmeltawaybodyfat;increaseenergy;andevenclarifyskingivingyourfaceaclearshiningglow.Moreaboutthesescientificbenefitsinamoment.ButfirsttoexpresstoyoujusthowcertainweareWu-Longwillhelpyouwe'regivingyouaspeciallimited-timeoffer.WearesoconfidentOkuma'sWu-Longwillhelpgiveyoutheleanerhealthierbodyyoudesirethatwe'reputtingourmoneywhereourmouthis.We'regivingyouazero-risktestdrivetojudgeforyourselfjusthowpowerfulOkuma'sWu-Longreallyis.IfafterusingOkuma'sWu-Longyouhaven'tmeltedawaypoundsofbodyfatandachievedamoreslender苗条的waistlinesimplyreturnyourorderwithin30daysfromthedateWu-Longwasdeliveredtoyouraddresstoreceiveafullrefund退款ofyourproductbuypricE.notroublenohardfeelings.NewSpecialLimited-TimeOffers:Buy3Get1FreeYousave$37.00Thepassageisaimedto____________.A.tellingpeoplesomeinformationaboutWu-LongteA.B.provingtopeoplethatOkuma'sWu-LongIstheWorld's#1Weight-LossSolution.C.persuadingfatpeopletobuyWu-LongteA.D.informingpeoplethatWu-LongteaisonsalE.Theunderlinedsentencewe'reputtingourmoneywhereourmouthisprobablymeans______.A.Weputourmoneyinsidethepocket.B.We’llgiveyourmoneybackifyouarenotsatisfiedC.YoucanorderanytimE.D.Ifyousendussmallmoneywe’llgiveyouanotherWhichofthefollowingisnotthefunctionofOkuma'sWu-Long?A.curingskinillnessesB.increasingenergyandintellidenceC.meltingawayneedlessbodyfat.D.makingyourwaistlineslenderandattractivE.Thepassageisprobablytakenfrom________.A.anewspaperB.amagazineC.ajournalD.abiologybookIfyouwanttoget4boxesofWu-Longteayoushouldpay______.A.185$B.222$C.148$D.111$
Healthexpertshavediscoveredthataddinglow-calorievegetablesouptothestartofamealcanactuallyhelptoloseweight.BecauseyoufeelfullsooneryoueatlessofyourmaincoursE.Thesoupregime养生法wastestedbyresearchersatPennsylvaniaStateUniversityledbyDrBarbaraRolls.Theyfoundthatwhenpeopleateafirstcourseofsoupbeforelunchtheyreducedtheirtotalcalorieintakeby20percentcomparedwiththosewhodidnotbeginthemealwithsoup.Butthosewhofavorcreamysoupsshouldbecareful.Researchersstressedthesoupmustbelow-calorieandbasedonstock菜汤notcream.Allofthesoupstestedinthestudyweremadefromidenticalingredients-chickenstockbroccoli硬花甘蓝potatocauliflower菜花andcarrots.Theyweremixedtogethertocreatefourdifferenttexturesandthicknessfromseparatestockandvegetablesthroughtopureedsoup.Scientiststhoughtthatthicksoupswithchunksofvegetableswhichrequiredchewingmightbemorefillingbuttotheirsurprisetheyfoundallformshadthesameeffect.ThefindingswerepresentedtotheExperimentalBiologyconferenceinWashingtonDCandtheresearchwaspart-fundedbytheNationalInstitutesofHealth.What’sthereasonthataddinglow-calorievegetablesouptothestartofamealcanactuallyhelptoloseweight?A.Youcantakeinlargequantitiesofvegetables.B.Youcanabsorbhighcaloriesfromthesoup.C.Youcantakeinlowcaloriesfromthesoup.D.Youcanfeelfullsoonafterhavingthesoup.Whichofthefollowingcannotbeinthelow-caloriesoup?A.chickenstockB.cauliflowerC.creamD.carrotsWhatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.VegetableSoupHelpstoLoseWeight.B.A.ScientificResearchisCarryingout.C.A.ResearchDoneatPennsylvaniaStateUniversityD.FindingsCarriedouttotheExperimentalBiology.Theunderlinedwordfavoristhesameinmeaningwith______.A.hateB.enjoyC.preferD.drink.
It’sbeenclaimedthatplayingamusicalinstrumentmakesyousmarter.Newresearchsuggeststhatregularlyplayingamusicalinstrumentchangestheshapeandpowerofthebrainandmaybeusedintherapy疗法toimprovecognitive认知skills.Expertssaythereisgrowingevidencethatmusicianshavebrainsthatarestructurallyandfunctionallydifferentfromthoseofnon-musiciansespeciallyintheareasofthebrainusedinprocessing处理信息Thepartsofthebrainthatcontrolmotorskillsthestorageofaudioinformationhearingandmemorybecomelargerandmoreactivewhenapersonlearnshowtoplayaninstrumentandcanapparentlyimprovethealertness警觉andplanning.LutzJanckeapsychologistattheUniversityofZurichsaidLeaningtoplayamusicalinstrumenthasgreatbenefitsandcanincreaseIQbysevenpointsinbothchildrenandadults.Wefoundthatevenpeopleovertheageof65afterfourorfivemonthsofplayinganinstrumentforanhouraweekhadstrongchangesinthebrain.ThepartsofthebrainthatcontrolhearingandmemoryandthepartthatcontrolsthehandsamongothersallbecomemoreactivE.Ofcoursemusicisn’ttheonlyanswerbutIdobelievethatitshouldbeusedinadditiontootherthings.Mr.Janckealsosaidthatlearningamusicalinstrumentcouldalsomakeiteasiertolearnforeignlanguagesandmakeonemoresensitivetounderstandingtheemotionsofothers.Sonotonlydoesthismakeiteasiertopickupotherlanguagesandhaveabettermemoryofone’sownwehavealsoseenmusiciansareabletopickoutexactlywhatothersarefeelingjustbythetonesoftheirvoices—sympathydisappointmentthatkindofthings.HeaddedSeveralstudiesindeedshowthatplayingmusicincreasesmemoryandlanguageskillsbutmoreresearchisneedeD.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtousemusicalinstruments.B.Howmusicaffectsthebrain.C.Howplayingmusicmakespeoplesmarter.D.ThedevelopmentofresearchintomusiC.2.Comparedwithnon-musicians__________.A.musiciansarebetteratforeignlanguagesB.musiciansaremoreactiveinsportsC.musicianshavestrongeremotionsD.musicians’brainsworkdifferentlyinprocessing3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofplayinganinstrument?A.Itmakesiteasierforonetopickupforeignlanguages.B.Itallowsonetoshowhisfeelingsmoreexactlytoothers.C.Itgivesoneabettermemoryinone’sownlanguagE.D.itmakesoneunderstandothers’feelingsbetter.4.FromLuzJanckeweleanthat_________.A.playinganinstrumentbenefitschildrenmorethanadultsB.playinganinstrumenthasnobenefitsforpeopleover65C.somestudiesshowplayingmusiccanincreasememoryD.hewilldomoreresearchintobraindevelopmentandmusic
Eatingdisorderisverycommonnow.WhenIfirstwroteaboutthis.theproblemwasprettymuchhiddenIdidn'texpectittogetasbadasitis.SusieOrbachaninternationalauthority权威oneatingdisorderssaiD.Orbachmustattimesthinktheanti-dietmessageofherbookfatisaFeministIssue女权主义问题hasbeenlostsinceitwaswrittenmorethan20yearsago.Girlsboysoldpeople--eventhefamouslywell-roundedfemalepopulationofFijiarefallingvictims牺牲品tofatfear.IfanythingthesituationhasgotmuchmuchworsE.Wenowhavekidsasyoungaseightandwomeninoldpeople'shomesworriedaboutthewaytheylook.OrbachsaiD.Eventhoughithasbeenprovedthatrepeateddietingresultsinalittlemorethanregainingmostofthelostweightconstantdietinghasbecomeawayoflifeformanywomen.48percentofBritishwomenaged25to35wereonsomekindofdietand20percentofyoungwomendietedallormostoftimE.Someofthemsaidtheywouldpopapilltogivethemtheirbeautifulshapeevenifitmeantriskingtheirhealth.Worldwide70millionpeoplehaveaneatingdisorder.Mostarewomenbutmenareincreasinglyaffectedtoo.MorethanhalfthewomenandtwothirdsofthemeninBritainweightoomuch.whileintheUnitedStatesmorethanonequarterofadultsandaboutoneinfivechildrenareoverweight.Theideathatfemalebeautyisaverythinbodycouldbechangedifclothingfactoriesandmagazinesshowedimages形象ofwomenofallshapesinsteadofselectingskeletal-likemodelsandstick-thinactress.ButthatiseasiersaidthandonE.TogetthemessageacrossOrbachisalsoconsideringtalkingtopopstarssuchasVictoriaBeckhamandGeriHalliwellbothofwhomhaveadmitted__________________.1.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?2.Whichsentenceinthepassageistheclosestinmeaningtothefollowingone?LotsofwomenhaschosenconstantdietingaspartofthirlifedespitethefactthatconstantdiettingleadstothelostweightbeingregaineD.3.PleasefillintheblankinthepassagewithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethesentencE.withintenwords4.Areyouinfavorofdieting?Andwhy?within30words5.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinesE.
Therearethousandsofproductsofallcolorsandshapesinasupermarketmakingyoubelievethattheyareworthatry.How?Packaging包装isthesilentbutpersuadingsalesman.Thereontheshelveseachbottlecanboxandjarhasbeencarefullydesignedandmeasuredtospeaktotheinnerselfoftheconsumer消费者sothatisbuyingnotonlyaproductbutalsohisbeliefinlifE.ScientistshavestudiedconsumerbehaviorrecentlyandfoundthatthelookofthepackagehasagreateffectonthequalityoftheproductandonhowwellitsellsbecauseConsumersgenerallycannottellbetweenaproductanditspackagE.ManyproductsarepackagesandmanypackagesareproductsasLouisCheskinthefirstsocialscientiststudyingconsumers’feelingforpackagingnoticeD.Colorsareoneofthebesttoolsinpackaging.Studiesofeyemovementhaveshownthatcolorsdrawhumanattentionquickly.TakeV8forexamplE.Formanyyearsthebrightredcoloroftomatoesandcarrotsonthethinbottlemakesyoufeelthatitisverygoodforyourbody.Andthewordgreentodaycankeepfoodpricesgoingup.Shapesareanotherattraction.Circlesoftensuggesthappinessandpeacefulnessbecausetheseshapesarepleasingtoboththeeyeandtheheart.That’swhytheroundyellowMsignsofMcDonald’sareinvitingtobothyoungandolD.Thisnewconsumerresponse反应tothecolorsandshapesofpackagesremindsproducersandsellersthatpeoplebuytosatisfybothbodyandsoul.60.Accordingtothepassage______seemstobeabletopersuadeaconsumertobuytheproduct.A.thepleasingcolorofthepackageB.thespecialtasteoftheproductC.thestrangeshapeofthepackageD.thebeliefintheproduct61.Ifapackageoraproductisroundinshapeitcan________.A.bringexcitementtotheconsumersB.attracttheconsumers’attentionC.catchtheeyemovementoftheconsumersD.produceahappyandpeacefulfeeling62.Andtheword‘green’todaycankeepfoodpricesgoingup.Thissentencesuggeststhatconsumerstodayare________.A.startingtonoticetheimportanceofnewfoodB.enjoyingthebeautyofnaturemorethanbeforeC.beginningtolikegreenvegetablesD.payingmoreattentiontotheirhealthy63.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatV8isakindof________.A.vegetabledishB.healthyjuiceC.iceddrinkD.redvegetable
PeoplewithlesseducationsufferfewerstressfuldaysaccordingtoareportinthecurrentissueoftheJournalofHealthandSocialBehavior.Howeverthestudyalsofoundthatwhenless-educatedpeopledidsufferstressitwasmoresevereandhadastrongereffectontheirhealth.Fromthisresearchershaveconcludedthattheday-to-dayfactorsthatcausestressareregular.Whereyouareinsocietydeterminesthekindsofproblemsthatyouhaveeachdayandhowwellyouwillcopewiththem.Theresearchteaminterviewedanationalsampleof1031adultsdailyforeightdaysabouttheirstresslevelandhealth.Peoplewithoutahighschooldiplomareportedstresson30percentofthestudydayspeoplewithahighschooldegreereportedstress38percentofthetimeandpeoplewithcollegedegreesreportedstress44percentofthetimE.Lessadvantagedpeoplearelesshealthyonadailybasisandaremorelikelytohavedownwardturnsintheirhealth.leadingresearcherDr.JosephGrzywaczofWakeForestUniversityBaptistMedicalCentersaidinapreparedstatement.Thedownwardturnsinhealthwereconnectedwithdailystressors紧张刺激物andtheeffectofdailystressorsontheirhealthismuchmoredamagingforthelessadvantageD.Ifsomethinghappenseverydaymaybeit’snotseenasastressor.Grzywaczsays.MaybeitisjustlifE.56.Stressleveliscloselyrelatedto.A.familysizeB.socialpositionC.bodyweightD.workexperience57.Whichgroupreportedthebiggestnumberofstressfuldays?A.Peoplewithoutanyeducation.B.Peoplewithouthighschooldegrees.C.Peoplewithhighschooldegrees.D.Peoplewithcollegedegrees.58.Thelessadvantagedpeoplearethegreater.A.theeffectofstressontheirhealthisB.theeffectofeducationontheirhealthisC.theleveloftheireducationisD.thedegreeoftheirhealthconcernis59.Less-educatedpeoplereportfewerdaysofstresspossiblybecause.A.theydon’twanttotelltruthB.theydon’twanttofacethetruthC.stressistoocommonafactorintheirlifeD.heirstressismuchgreater
Thecommoncoldistheworld’smostwidespreadillnesswhichisplagues疫病thatfleshreceives.Themostwidespreadfallacy谬误ofallisthatcoldscausedbycolD.Theyarenot.Theyarecausedbyviruses病毒passingonfrompersontoperson.YoucatchacoldbycomingintocontactdirectlyorindirectlywithsomeonewhoalreadyhasonE.IfcoldcausescoldsitwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfromthemforever.Buttheydonot.Andinisolatedarcticregionsexplorershavereportedbeingfreefromcoldsuntilcomingintocontactagainwithinfectedpeoplefromtheoutsideworldbywayofpackagesandmaildroppedfromairplanes.DuringtheFirstWorldWarsoldierswhospentlongperiodsinthetrenches战壕coldandwetshowednoincreasedtendencytocatchcolds.IntheSecondWorldWarprisonersatthenotoriousAuschwitzconcentrationcamp奥斯维辛集中营nakedandstarvingwereastonishedtofindthattheyseldomhadcolds.AttheCommonColdResearchUnitinEnglandvolunteerstookpartinExperimentsinwhichtheygavethemselvestothediscomfortsofbeingcoldandwetforlongstretchesoftimE.Aftertakinghotbathstheyputonbathingsuitsallowedthemselvestobewithcoldwaterandthenstoodaboutdrippingwetindraftyroom.Someworewetsocksalldaywhileothersexercisedintherainuntilclosetoexhaustion.NotoneofthevolunteerscamedownwithacoldunlessacoldviruswasactuallydroppedinhisnosE.IfthencoldandwethavenothingtodowithcatchingcoldswhyaretheymorefrequentinthewinterDespitethemostpains-takingresearchnoonehasyetfoundtheanswer.Oneexplanationofferedbyscientistsisthatpeopletendtostaytogetherindoorsmoreincoldweatherthanatothertimesandthismakesiteasierforcoldvirusestobepassedon.NoonehasyetfoundacureforthecolD.Therearedrugsandpainsuppressors止痛片suchasaspirinbutalltheydoisrelievethesymptoms症状.1.Thewriteroffered_______examplestosupporthisargument.A.4B.5C.6D.32.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotagreewiththechosenpassage?A.TheEskimosdonotsufferfromcoldsallthetimE.B.ColdsarenotcausedbycolD.C.Peoplesufferfromcoldsjustbecausetheyliketostayindoors.D.A.personmaycatchacoldbytouchingsomeonewhoalreadyhasonE.3.Arcticexplorersmaycatchcoldswhen_______.A.theyareworkingintheisolatedarcticregionB.theyarewritingreportsinterriblycoldweatherC.theyarefreefromworkintheisolatedarcticregionsD.theyarecomingintotouchagainwiththeoutsideworld4.VolunteerstakingpartintheexperimentsintheCommonColdResearchUnit_______.A.sufferedalotB.nevercaughtcoldsC.oftencaughtcoldsD.becameverystrong5.Thepassagemainlydiscusses_______.A.theexperimentsonthecommoncolB.thefallacyaboutthecommoncoldC.thereasonandthewaypeoplecatchcoldsD.thecontinuedspreadofcommoncolds
It’syouandIwhoaretoblameforthestateoftheearth.Noquestionaboutit.It’sourlife-stylethatisthreateninglifeonEarthsowemustmakethechanges.Thegoodnewsisthatmanyofthosechangesarereallyquitesimpleevenenjoyablebutforeverycarefulstepwetakeasindividualswemustpressgovernmentandindustrytotakeabigsteponourbenefit.Andwemuststartnow.Tomorrow’stoolatE.Myaimthisyearistopersuadeasmanyofmyfriendsandcolleaguesaspossibletochoosethetrainandleavetheircarsbehindtoo.Mygardenshavebeenpesticide杀虫剂–freezonesforyearsandIenjoyseeingmorewildlifeonmydoorstepasaresult;I’vetriedtoreducemycontributiontowaterpollutiontoobyusingenvironment-friendlyphosphate磷–freewashingpowderandbynolongerthinkingofthetoiletasasuitablewaste-disposal处理point.Iranafterayoungladythroughtownrecentlytogiveherbackthepieceofpapershehadcarelesslythrownaway.ShedisappearedintoashopandwhenIfollowedherinsideandmademypresentationshewasdoublyembarrassed--sheworkedthereandthebossgaveheraticking–offtoo.I’vestartedaskingfellowdriversatgasstationswhytheyaren’tusingunleaded无铅的petrol.Thesearesmallthingsbutwehavetostartsomewhereandeverylittledoeshelp.TohelptheenvironmenttheauthoristryingtodoeverythingmentionedbelowEXCEPT.A.takingthetraininsteadofacarB.throwingawaytheoldcarsC.avoidingtheuseofpesticidesD.runningafterthosewhothrowarticlescarelesslyTheauthorranafterawomanthroughtownbecausehewanted.A.tofindoutwheresheworkedB.togiveherbackthepieceofpapershehadlostC.totellhernottothrowawaypiecesofpapercarelesslyD.toaskhertopayhimforpickingupthepieceofpaper.Thewordticking-offinthelastparagraphprobablymeans.A.blamingB.apieceofpaperC.prizeD.ticketThepurposeofthispassageisto.A.persuadehisfriendstotakethetrainB.informusofthegoodnewsC.makeclearwhoisresponsiblefortheenvironmentD.trytoadviseusalltoprotectourenvironment
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