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Dolphins（海豚）are not fish, but warm-blooded animals. They live in groups, and speak to each othe...
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高中英语《陕西省定边县第四中学2013-2014学年高二上学期月考试题 试卷及答案》真题及答案
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Adolphin海豚looksmorelikeafishthancertainfishesdo.It
Dolphins
Fish
Mammals
Cows
Dolphins海豚arenotfishbutwarm-bloodedanimals.Theyliv
DolphinshavealwaysmadepeopleinteresteD.1__________
Alotofpeopleareinterestedinseaanimalsespeciallythe
CandolphinstalkMaybetheycan'ttalkwithwordsbuttheyt
DozensofdolphinsswamoutofthepollutedwatersofHaifaH
任务型阅读Candolphins海豚talk?Maybetheycan’ttalkwithwords
Adolphin海豚looksmorelikeafishthancertainfishesdo.It
live on land. breathe with lungs.
breathe under water.
live without oxygen.
Dolphins海豚havealwaysinterestedpeoplE.1____________
Doyoulikeanimals?Mostpeoplelikeanimals.Weusuallygo
阅读理解Dolphins海豚arenotfishbutmammals哺乳动物.Theyliveing
Dolphinsareinterestinganimalsandresearchersfindthe
Let’s______thedolphins海豚now.Theyareverysmart.
read
watch
look
see
Let’s______thedolphins海豚now.Theyareverysmart.
read
watch
look
see
Adolphin海豚looksmorelikeafishthancertainfishesdo
Dolphins have highly evolved.
Mammals don’t eat plants at all.
All fishes developed from land animals.
Dolphins were once closely related to humans.
Adolphin海豚looksmorelikeafishthancertainfishesdo.It
A dolphin is a special kind of fish.
Dolphins can’t swim very quickly.
Dolphins can live only in the sea.
Dolphins produce their babies on land.
Someanimalscanbetrainedtohelphumans.Forexamplespec
DozensofdolphinsswamoutofthepollutedwatersofHaifaH
Adolphin海豚looksmorelikeafishthancertainfishesdo.It
fish-eating mammals.
sea animals. grass-eating fish.
land animals.
Candolphinstalk?Maybetheycan'ttalkwithwordsbutthey
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Depression抑郁症isaseriousproblemtoday.Depressioncausesworkerstobeunproductivecausingcompaniesandcountriestolosebillionsofdollars.Oneexpertsaysthatdepressionislikecancerbecauseitiswidespreadcostlyanddeadly.DepressionhitsonepersoninfivearoundtheworlD.AlthoughpeoplehavebelieveddepressiontobeaproblemamongtherichandeducatedstudiesshowthatdepressionisaproblemamongeveryonE.Overanysixmonthperiodbetweenfivetosevenpercentoftheworld’spopulationwillbesufferingfromaseriousdepression.Suicideratesamongpeoplesufferingfromthediseaseinitsextremeorclinicalformwere80percenthigherthaninthepopulationatlargeandsuffererswerefourtimesmorelikelytohaveheartattacks.Peoplewhosufferfromdepressionoftenhaveproblemssleepinggettingupontimeanddoingworkproductively.Depressionwhichresearchersagreehasitsorigininthegenesbringslossofconfidenceandabilitytoconcentrate—makingitimpossibleforemployeesandmanagerstoworkefficiently.DepressionismademoreseriousinChinabyChinese’sinabilitytofaceit.Manypeoplebelievethatdepressedpeopleareeitherweakorlazy.BesidesthereisnogoodtreatmentwithfewspecialistsavailablE.MostpatientsinChinajustdon’tgethelpaChinesedoctorsays.InmyhospitalIhavetosee30or40patientsinamorningjusthavetimetosay‘Hellohowdoyoufeel’InWesterncountriespeoplearenotafraidtoadmitthattheyhavedepressionbutmostdonottellittotheirbossbecausetheyfearthattheywillbestricken_off_the_rolls.Inmyexperienceagingbossesarethemostwillingtoadmittheyhaveit.BecausetheyfeelthemostsecureaboutthemselvesanAmericandoctorsays.Hopefullyinthenearfuturepeoplearoundtheworldwillbeabletoadmitthattheyhavedepressionsothattheycangettherighttreatment.1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Itiswidelybelievedthateveryonemaysufferfromdepression.B.Depressionbringsgreatproblemstoitssufferersintheirlifeandwork.C.Depressionisacommonlyexistingproblemonlyinrichcountries.D.Thepoorerandthelesseducatedapersonisthelesshewillsufferfromdepression.2.Comparedtonormalpeoplethedepressedpeoplearelikelytobe________.A.veryunconfidentandoftenabsentmindedB.easytoavoidbeinghitbyheartattacksC.workingefficientlyandproductivelyD.eitherweakorlazy3.DepressionbecomesmoreseriousinChinabecauseof________.A.theunderstandingoftheproblemB.thelackoftreatmentanddoctorsC.theirunwillingnesstotellittotheirbossD.thedoctors’carelesswork4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Peoplearesufferingfromdepressionbecauseoftheshortageofspecialists.B.TheagingbossesaroundtheworlddaretosaytheyaredepresseD.C.Moreandmorepatientswillturntospecialistsforhelp.D.WesternpeoplearebraverthanChinesepeoplE.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsinthe5thparagraphmean?A.HireD.B.DismisseD.C.PromoteD.D.RecommendeD.
Aswithmanyaspectsofmodernlifelightpollutionrepresentsbothatriumphoftechnologyandaminordisaster.ItdisruptsabasicrelationshipthathasevolvedbetweenhumansandthenaturalworlD.HistorianssuchasA.RogerEkrichhavenotedhowdarknessinfluencedculturalandsocialpractices.Theterritoryofintimacyandimaginationnightcanalsocarveoutarefugefromthenever-endingresponsibilitiesoftheday.IrememberrecentlybeinginTimesSquareandtherewassomuchlightthatitjustfeltlikewewereinadomedstadiumalmostlookingupatsomethingtotallyartificialaboveus.WhenmostAmericansarelivingnowincitiesandsuburbswherethey’regettinganywherefromtwodozentofourdozenstarsinsteadof2500whichisthenumberyoucouldseeonanormalnightwithnolightpollutionit’salmostlikewhybother?Idon’tknowifmostpeopleevenlookupandnoticethestars.Andcertainlywaybackwhenanightskywassomethingthatwouldtellyoustoriesaboutyourlifewe’rewaybeyondthat.IhaveverygoodfriendsinNewMexico.IsaidtohimitmustbeamazinghereatnightandIaskeddoyouhavestoriesassociatedwiththeconstellationsforexample?Hesaidwehaveawholelegendfilledwithstoriesabouthowtoliveandwhatagoodlifeis.HumancultureinAmericaistotallydisconnectedfromthatnow.ItwouldbeonethingifallthislightweredoinggooD.Butthefactisthatit’shavinganimpactonallthesecreaturesfrombirdstoturtlestoinsectsthatcan’tdoanythingaboutit.They’reatourmercy.TherearesomanythingswecoulddotocontrolitandtouseitintelligentlythatIlikeworkingwithanissuethattherearestepswecantakeimmediatelytoaddressthisproblem.1.ItisimpliedinParA.1thatnightiswhenpeople.A.canavoidthelifepressuretemporarilyB.getridofthedisasteroftechnologyC.experiencetheinfluenceofcultureD.canimaginesocialpracticesfreely2.TheexampleoflightinTimesSquareprovesthatpeoplecan’t.A.see2500starsonanormalnightB.learnabouttheirlifefromanightskyC.developarelationshipwithnatureatnightD.getanywherewithoutartificiallight3.AccordingtothewriterAmericanculture.A.tellsmainlyaboutwhatagoodlifeisB.iscloselyrelatedtotheconstellationsC.lacksthestoriesaboutthenightskyD.tendstotellpeoplehowtolive4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Lightpollutionneedsdealingwithrightaway.B.Nightskiesarepollutedbyartificiallight.C.TheMilkyWayisnevertobeseenagain.D.Speciesareendangeredbylightpollution.
Bananasareoneoftheworld’smostimportantfoodcrops.Theyarealsooneofthemostvaluableexports.Bananasdonotgrowfromseeds.Insteadtheygrowfromexistingplants.Bananasarethreatenedbydiseasebecausealltheplantsonafarmarecopiesofeachother.Theyallsharethesamegeneticweaknesses.ForexampletheCavendishbananaismostpopularinNorthAmericanandEuropeanmarkets.Howeversomekindsoffungus真菌organismseasilyinfecttheCavendish.BlackSigatokadisease黑叶斑病affectstheleavesofCavendishbananaplants.Thediseaseiscontrolledonlargefarmsbyputtingchemicalsontheplant’sleaves.Farmersputanti-fungalchemicalsontheircropsuptoonceaweek.Anotherfungaldiseaseismoreserious.Panamadiseaseattackstherootsofthebananaplant.ThereisnochemicaltreatmentforthisdiseasE.InfectedplantsmustbedestroyeD.PanamadiseasehasaffectedcropsinSoutheastAsiaAustraliaandSouthAfricA.ThereisconcernthatitmayspreadtobananasgrownintheAmericas.ThiscouldthreatenanimportantexportproductforCentralandSouthAmericA.TheInternationalNetworkfortheImprovementofBananaandPlantainsupportsresearchonbananas.ThegrouphasheadquartersinFranceandotherofficesinthemajorbanana-growingareasoftheworlD.Thegroupsaysthatmoreresearchmustbedonetodevelopimprovedkindsofbananas.ThegroupsaysthatfungaldiseasesmainlyaffectonlyonekindofbananA.Infacttherearefivehundreddifferentkindsofbananas.FoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNationshassaidthattheCavendishbananarepresentsonly10%ofworldproduction.TheU..N.agencysaysfarmersshouldgrowdifferentkindsofbananas.ThisprotectsagainstdiseasesthataffectonlyonekinD.ExpertswarnthatdiseasemaycausetheCavendishbananatodisappear.ThishappenedearliertoanotherpopularbananabecauseofitsgeneticweaknessagainstdiseasE.68.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytellus?A.Bananasaretheworld’smostimportantfoodcrops.B.Therisktoapopularbananashowsneedtogrowotherkinds.C.Therearefivehundreddifferentkindsofbananas.D.Howtogrowbananasindifferentcountries.69.Bananasarethreatenedbydiseasebecause________.A.theygrowfromseedsB.theyareoneofthemostvaluableexportsC.theonlywaytopreventitistoputchemicalsontheirleavesD.theyhavegeneticweaknessesagainstdisease70.WecaninferfromParagraph3that________.A.thecenterofthegroupisintheUSB.theCavendishbananacoversalargepartoftheproductionofbananasC.thekeytosolvingthediseaseistodevelopotherkindsofimprovedbananasD.eachfungaldiseaseaffectsfivehundreddifferentkindsofbananas71.Accordingtothepassagewhichinformationisright?A.TheCavendishbananacanmainlybeimportedfromNorthAmericaandEuropE.B.PanamadiseaseaffectstheleavesofCavendishbananaplants.C.TheCavendishbananawon’tdieoutinthefuturE.D.TheCavendishbananamakesuponlyonetenthofworldproduction.
Thebehaviourofabuilding’susersmaybeatleastasimportantasitsdesignwhenitcomestoenergyuseaccordingtonewresearchfromtheUKEnergyResearchCentreUKERC.TheUKpromisestoreduceitscarbonemissions排放by80percentby2050partofwhichwillbeachievedbyallnewhomesbeingzero-carbonby2016.Butthisreportshowsthatsustainablebuildingdesignonitsown—thoughextremelyimportant—isnotenoughtoachievesuchreductions:thebehaviourofthepeopleusingthebuildinghastochangetoo.Thestudysuggeststhatthewaysthatpeopleuseandliveintheirhomeshavebeenlargelyignoredbyexistingeffortstoimproveenergyefficiencywhichinsteadfocusonarchitecturalandtechnologicaldevelopments.‘Technologyisgoingtoassistbutitisnotgoingtodoeverything’explainsKatyJandaaUKERCseniorresearcher‘consumptionpatternsofbuildinguserscandefeatthemostcarefuldesign.’Inotherwordsoldhabitsdiehardeveninthebest-designedeco-homE.Anotherpartoftheproblemisinformation.Householdsandbill-payersdon’thavetheknowledgetheyneedtochangetheirenergy-usehabits.Withoutspecificinformationit’shardtoestimatethecostsandbenefitsofmakingdifferentchoices.Feedback反馈facilitieslikesmartmetersandenergymonitorscouldhelpbridgethisinformationgapbyhelpingpeopleseehowchangingtheirbehaviourdirectlyaffectstheirenergyuse;somestudieshaveshownthathouseholdscanachieveupto15percentenergysavingsusingsmartmeters.Socialscienceresearchhasaddedafurtherdimension方面suggestingthatindividuals’behaviourinthehomecanbepersonalandcannotbepredicted—whetherpeoplethrowopentheirwindowsratherthanturndownthethermostat恒温器forexamplE.Jandaarguesthateducationisthekey.Shecallsforafocusedprogrammetoteachpeopleaboutbuildingsandtheirownbehaviourinthem.46.AstoenergyusethenewresearchfromUKERCstressestheimportanceof________.A.zero-carbonhomesB.thebehaviourofbuildingusersC.sustainablebuildingdesignD.thereductionofcarbonemissions47.TheunderlinedwordwhichinParagraph2refersto________.A.thewaysB.theirhomesC.developmentsD.existingefforts48.WhatareKatyJanda’swordsmainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofchangingbuildingusers’habits.B.Thenecessityofmakingacarefulbuildingdesign.C.Thevarietyofconsumptionpatternsofbuildingusers.D.Theroleoftechnologyinimprovingenergyefficiency.49.Theinformationgapinenergyuse_______.A.canbebridgedbyfeedbackfacilitiesB.affectsthestudyonenergymonitorsC.bringsaboutproblemsforsmartmetersD.willbecausedbybuildingusers’oldhabits50.Whatdoesthedimensionaddedbysocialscienceresearchsuggest?A.ThesocialscienceresearchistobefurthereD.B.Theeducationprogrammeisunderdiscussion.C.ThebehaviourofbuildingusersisunpredictablE.D.Thebehaviourpreferenceofbuildingusersissimilar.
Haveyouevernoticedthecolourofthewaterinariverorstreamafteraheavyrainfall?Whatdoyouthinkcausedthischangeincolour?Itissoilthathasbeenwashedintotheriverfromtheriverbankorfromthenearbyfields.ComponentsofSoilSoilismadeupofanumberoflayers层eachhavingitsowndistinctivecolourandtexturE.Theupperlayerisknowasthelitter.Itactslikeablanketlimitingtemperaturechangesandreducingwaterloss.Thetopsoillayerismadeupofsmallparticlesofrockmixedwithrottenplantandanimalmattercalledhumus腐殖质whichisblackandgivesthetopsoilitsdarkcolour.Thislayerisusuallyrichinnutrientsoxygenandwater.Belowthetopsoilisthesubsoilalayerthatcontainsmorestonesmixedwithonlysmallamountsoforganicmatter.Thislayerislighterincolourbecauseofthelackofhumus.Beneaththesoilliesalayerofbedrock.Soilformsfromthebottomup.Overtimebedrockisattackedbyrainwindfrostandsnow.Itisgraduallybrokendownintosmallerparticlesinaprocesscalledweathering.Plantsbegintogrowandrottenmaterialsenrichthetopsoil.MostofthesoilinEasternCanadaforexamplewasformedfromweatheredrockthatwasexposedwhentheicedisappeared12000yearsago.WaterBeneaththeSoilSurfacewatercollectsandflowsabovethegroundinlakespondsandrivers.Onceinthesoilorrockitiscalledgroundwater.Gravitypullsgroundwaterthroughthesoilinaprocesscalledpercolation渗透.EventuallythewaterreachesalayercalledthewatertablE.UnderthisisbedrockthroughwhichwatercannotpercolatE.Aswaterpercolatesdownwarditdissolvesorganicmatterandmineralsfromthesoilandcarriesthemtodeeperlayers.Thiscausesaseriousproblembecauseplantsrequirethesenutrientsforgrowth.SoilpHSoilcanbeacidicneutralorbasiC.ThepHofthesoilisdeterminedbythenatureoftherockfromwhichitwasformedandbythenatureoftheplantsthatgrowandrotinit.TheacidityofrainandsnowcanlowerthepHofthegroundwaterthatentersthesoil.Byburningfossilfuelssuchascoaloilandgasolinehumanshavebeencontributingtohigherlevelsofacidityinmanysoils.Whenfossilfuelsareburnedgasesarereleasedintotheairandthenfallbacktoearthasacidrain.Acidsoilincreasestheproblemofcarryingnutrientstolowersoillevels.AsnutrientsareremovedsoilislessfertilE.Plantsgrowmoreslowlyinacidicsoilandalsobecomeeasilyattackedbydiseases.1.Thelayerofsoilthatprovidesnecessarynutrientsforplantgrowthiscalled.A.litterB.topsoilC.humusD.subsoil2.AccordingtothetextwhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.SoilformsfromweatheredrockontheearthsurfacE.B.Thedeeperlayerofsoilisdarkerincolourthanthesurfacesoil.C.Airpollutionispartiallyresponsibleforacidsoil.D.Groundwatertendstocarryawaynutrientsforplantgrowth.3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewatertablelies.A.betweenthetopsoillayerandthesubsoillayerB.inthesubsoillayerabovebedrockC.betweenthesubsoillayerandbedrockD.inthebedrocklayerbeneaththesubsoil4.Theunderlinedworddissolveisusedtoexpresstheideathatorganicmatterandmineralsfromsoilare.A.rushedawayintotheriverB.cleanedandpurifiedbywaterC.destroyedandcarriedawaybywaterD.mixedwithwaterandbecomepartofit
Haveyoueverwonderedaboutthehistoryandinfluencesofyourfavoritetypesofmusic?Forexampledidyouknowthatrock‘n’rolloriginated起源fromthebluesandthatthebluesbeganasaformofmusicalexpressionforAfricanAmericansduringslaveryDidyouknowthatmosthip-hopisheavilyinfluencedbyearlyrhythmbluesandjazz?Therearemanyfunwaystolearnaboutdifferentmusicalstylesandtheirhistoricalroots.Forexampleifyoulikehip-hoplistentosomeofyourfavoriteCDsandtakenoteofthesamplestheperformersusedtocreatethesongs.ThereisapossibilitythattheartistusedpartsofoldersongstocreatethemusiC.YoucangotothelibraryoronlinetolearnmoreabouttheartistsandlistentomoreoftheirmusicbycheckingoutCDsfromthelibraryordownloadingsongsonlineforasmallfeE.Youcanlearnsomuchaboutcultureandhistoryjustbypayingattentiontodifferenttypesofmusicandwhatisbeingexpressedinthesongs.Therearesomanydifferentstylesofmusictolearnaboutandyouoweittoyourselftomakeanefforttolistentoandlearnaboutthem.64.Themaintopicofthispassageis_____.A.creatingmusicB.learningaboutmusicC.enjoyingyourfavoritemusicD.performingmusic65.WhatmusicdidAfricanAmericansusetoexpresstheirfeelingsofbeingslaves?A.Rock‘n’roll.B.Hip-hopC.Theblues.D.Jazz.66.Howcanyoulearnaboutcultureandhistorythroughmusic?A.BycaringaboutwhatisbeingexpressedinmusiC.B.Bycreatingmusicfromoldersongsyourself.C.BywritingdownthenamesofthemusiC.D.BykeepingarecordoffeesafterdownloadingsongsonlinE.67.Bysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphtheauthorprobablymeansthat_____.A.youshouldreturnsomethingtomusicB.youshouldtryhardertolearnaboutmusicC.youshouldborrowmusicCDsfromothersD.youshouldbuymusicCDsyourself
ChemicalSafetyProceduresforhandlingchemicalspills泄露andleaks.Chemicalspillsandleakscanbebrokendownintotwobasictypes:simplespillswhichyoucancleanupyourselfandcomplicatedspillswhichrequireoutsideassistancE.IfyourspillmeetsANYofthefollowingconditionsitisaCOMPLICATEDSPILL.lApersonisinjured;orlTheidentityofthechemicalisunknown;orlMultiplechemicalsareinvolved;orlThechemicalishighlypoisonousflammable可燃的orreactive;orlThespill/leakoccursinapublicspacesuchasacorridor;orlThespill/leakhasthepotentialtospreadtootherpartsofthebuildingsuchasthroughtheventilation通风system;orlThecleanupproceduresarenotknownorappropriatematerialsarenotreadilyavailable;orlThecleanuprequiresarespirator呼吸器includingcartridgerespiratorstobewornandnopersonnelhavebeentrainedandfit-testedinaccordance一致withthecampusRespiratoryProtectionProgram;orlThespill/leakmayendangertheenvironmentbyreachingwaterwaysoroutsidegroundorbygoingdownadrainIfnoneoftheaboveconditionsaremetthespillisdefinedasasimplespill.YoumaycleanupsimplespillsinaccordancewithChapter6oftheChemicalSafetyGuidE.ForconsultativeassistancecallDivisionofResearchSafetyDSRat333-2755.Howtoreportacomplicatedspill1.Evacuate撤退toasafelocationandalertotherstoevacuatE.2.Dial9-911fromacampusphonE.3.TelltheoperatoryouarecallingtoreportachemicalspillattheUniversityofIllinois.4.Havethefollowinginformationready.lNameofchemicallQuantityspilledlLocationofspillFullbuildingnameandroomnumberlNumberofpeopleinjuredorslashedlIfapplicabletheoccurrenceofafireorexplosionlYournameandphonenumber5.Havesomeoneknowledgeableaboutthechemicalspilledmeetthefiredepartmentatthemainentrancetoyourbuilding.TakeaMaterialSafetyDataSheetMSDSofthechemicalifitisreadilyavailablE.61.Whichofthefollowingsituationcanbeclassifiedasasimplespill?A.Somespilledliquidcausesafireinthebuilding.B.Yellowandgreengasesareleakingfromthestorageroom.C.Anunknownredchemicalisfoundonthecorridorfloor.D.A.researcherspillshismilkalloverthelabfloor.62.Accordingtothesafetyinstructionsupondiscoveringacomplicatedspilloncampuspeopleshould_________.A.putonarespiratorassoonaspossibleB.refertoChapter6oftheChemicalSafetyGuideC.getawayfromthespillandreportittoauthoritiesD.callDivisionoftheResearchSafetyat333-275563.MSDSinthepassagepossiblyrefersto_____.A.amaskB.anexplanationaboutthechemicalC.adeviceD.anotherkindofchemical64.Whoaremostpossiblythetargetedaudiencesofthisarticle?A.StudentsintheChemistryDepartmentofauniversity.B.ResearchersworkingatChemicalInstitutionofIllinois.C.MembersofDivisionofResearchSafety.D.Staffmembersatachemicalmanufacturingcompany.65.Thepurposeofthematerialaboveisto____________.A.informpeopleofthedangersofvariouschemicalspillsB.introducecomplicatedspillsandnecessarymeasuresinresponsetothemC.encouragestudentstojointhecampusRespiratoryProtectionProgramD.comparesimplespillsandcomplicatedspills
Meetingpeoplefromanotherculturecanbedifficult.Fromthebeginningpeoplemaysendthewrongsignal信号.Ortheymaypaynoattentiontosignalsfromanotherpersonwhoistryingtodeveloparelationship.Differentculturesemphasize强调theimportanceofrelationshipbuildingtoagreaterorlesserdegreE.Forexamplebusinessinsomecountriesisnotpossibleuntilthereisarelationshipoftrust.EvenwithpeopleatworkitisnecessarytospendalotoftimeinsmalltalkusuallyoveraglassofteabeforetheydoanyjoB.InmanyEuropeancountries—liketheUKorFrance—peoplefinditeasiertobuildupalastingworkingrelationshipatrestaurantsorcafésratherthanattheofficE.Talkandsilencemayalsobedifferentinsomecultures.IoncemadeaspeechinThailanD.Ihadexpectedmyspeechtobeasuccessandstartalivelydiscussion;insteadtherewasanuncomfortablesilencE.ThepeoplepresentjuststaredatmeandsmileD.AftergettingtoknowtheirwaysbetterIrealizedthattheythoughtIwastalkingtoomuch.Inmyowncultureweexpressmeaningmainlythroughwordsbutpeopletheresometimesfeeltoomanywordsareunnecessary.EvenwithinNorthernEuropeculturaldifferencescancauseseriousproblems.CertainlyEnglishandGermanculturessharesimilarvalues;howeverGermansprefertogetdowntobusinessmorequickly.WethinkthattheyarerudE.Infactthisisjustbecausetheculturestartsdiscussionsandmakesdecisionsmorequickly.Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavedifferentvaluesandsometimesthesevaluesarequiteagainsteachother.Howeverifwecanunderstandthembetteramulticulturalenvironment多元文化环境willofferawonderfulchanceforustolearnfromeachother.57.Insomecountrieseatingtogetheratrestaurantsmaymakeiteasierforpeopleto______.A.developcloserrelationsB.sharethesamecultureC.gettoknoweachotherD.keepeachothercompany58.TheauthormentionshisexperienceinThailandtoshowthat_____.A.theEnglishprefertomakelongspeechesB.toomanywordsareofnouseC.peoplefromThailandarequietandshybynatureD.eventalkandsilencecanbeculturallydifferent59.Accordingtothetexthowcanpeoplefromdifferentculturesunderstandeachotherbetter?A.BysharingdifferentwaysoflifE.B.Byacceptingdifferenthabits.C.Byrecognizingdifferentvalues.D.Byspeakingeachother’slanguages.60.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MulticulturalEnvironmentB.Cross-CulturalDifferencesC.HowtoUnderstandEachOtherD.HowtoBuildUpaRelationship
HowieChosetaroboticisthasbeenresearchingandbuildingrobotsparticularlysnakerobotsatPittsburgh’sCarnegieMellonUniversityforyears.Chosetbelievesthathissnakerobotandotherslikeithelpreducemedicalcostsbymakingcomplexsurgeries外科手术fasterandeasier.Chosetsayshisnewdesignissmallerandmoreflexiblethanearliermodels.Thesizeofsurgicalrobotsallowssurgeonstooperatewithfarlessdamagetothebodyhelpingthepatienthealfaster.Forexampleinsteadofopeningtheentirechestupduringheartsurgeryasmallholeismadeandathinroboticsnakecrawlsinsidetotheproperspot.DrAshutoshTewariofCornellUniversityMedicalCenterhasusedrobotictoolstoperformthousandsofoperations.Tewarisaidhe’smostexcitedaboutthepotentialforsurgicalrobotstodothingshumanscan’tdo.Hesaidthevarietyofsensorsavailableforsurgicalrobotskeepsexpandingevenastheygetsmaller.Hesaidtheymayonedaybeabletotestchemicalsorbloodinthebodyoreventheelectricalconnectionsinnerves.Chosethasalsobuiltlargersnakerobotsdesignedforsearchandrescueorjustexploration.Theycanclimbpolesortreesandthenlookaroundthroughacameraintheheadandslidthroughplaceshumanscan’treach.AnotherexpertatCarnegieMellonstressesthatthere’sstillanenormousgapbetweenhumansandeventhemosthightechrobots.ManuelaVelosanotedthatrobotshavebeenbuiltthataregoodatoneortwotasks—butnotatthevarietyoftaskshumansperformwithouteventhinking.Velosahasbeenbuildingrobotsthataskhumansforhelpwhentheydon’tknowwhattodoaswellasteamsofrobotsthatplaysocceragainsteachother.Sometimestherobotssurpriseherbyhavingoncedefeatedtheotherteam.ItwasprogrammedbymebutitlookedtomeasiftheylearnedshesaiD.Ibelievewearemuchclosertohavingrobotsbeabletoexistwithhumanspeacefully.Thebeautifulthingisyouseetherobotslearning.6.HowdoesChosethelpsavemedicalcosts?A.Bychangingthesizeofrobotsfrequently.B.Bydesigninglargersnakerobots.C.Bymakingcomplexsurgeriesfasterandeasier.D.Byimprovingthemodelsofearliersnakerobots.7.Themainadvantageofusingthethinsurgicalrobotis________.A.reducingthedamagetothebodyB.provingthetechnologyusefultothemC.helpingthedoctorsmakemuchmoneyD.worseningthepatient’ssickness8.AccordingtoManuelaVelosa________.A.robotswillreplacehumansinthefutureB.robotscandomuchbetterthanhumansatsometasksC.norobotscanbemadetoturntohumansforhelpD.robotsareabletolearnbythemselves9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Thesnakerobotisthoughttohavenopotential.B.Largersnakerobotsarenotpractical.C.Doctorswillrefusetousethesnakerobot.D.Thefuturerobotwillbesmarterandmorepopular.10.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Threefamousroboticists.B.Researchingandbuildingrobots.C.Howtomakesnakerobots.D.Differentideasonrobots.
Therearethreebranchesofmedicine.Oneiscalleddoctormedicineorscientificmedicine.Scientificdoctorstrytoobservesicknesseslookforlogicalpatternsandthenfindouthowthehumanbodyworks.Fromtheretheyfigureoutwhattreatmentsmaywork.Thiskindofmedicineisbelievedtodatefromthe4thcenturyBC.Althoughnowadaysitissuccessfulintheancientworldthisapproachprobablydidnotcuremanypatients.Asecondkindofmedicineiscallednaturalcuresoffolkmedicineinwhichlesseducatedpeopletrytocuresicknesseswithvariousherbs.Thesefolkhealersalsouseobservationandlogicbuttheyarenotsoawareofit.Theytrythingsuntiltheyfindsomethingthatseemstoworkandthentheykeepingdoingthat.Folkmedicineflourishedlongbeforethedevelopmentofscientificmedicineandwasmoresuccessfulinancienttimesthandoctormedicine.Thethirdkindiscalledhealthspasorfaithhealing.Sometimesthismaybeassimpleastouchingtheholymanandbeingimmediatelyhealed.Othertimesamagicianmaymakeyouamagiccharmorsayaspelltocureyou.Somereligiousgroupsorganizespecialhealingshrinesforthesick.Intheseplacespeoplerestgetplentyofsleepeathealthyfooddrinkwaterinsteadofwineandexerciseinvariousways.Theyalsotalktothepriestsandpraytothegods.Ifyouarefeelingdepressedoryouhavebeenworkingtoohardgoingtotheseplacesmaybejusttherightthingtomakeyoufeelbetter.62.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinthistextisto______.A.comparetheeducationalbackgroundofthreedifferenttypesofpatientsB.arguefortheimportanceofmedicineinhealthcareC.describedifferenttypesofmedicineD.showthecrucialrolereligionplaysinmedicaltreatment63.Accordingtothetextwhichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Naturalcuresworkedbetterthanscientificmedicineinancienttimes.B.Peoplewhopracticefolkmedicineneedlotsofformaleducationonherbs.C.Folkhealerschoosedifferentherbstocurediseaseswithoutanysoundbasis.D.Thesuccessoffolkmedicineledtothedevelopmentofdoctormedicine.64.Doctormedicine.A.hasbeenpracticedforaround1600yearsB.hasalongerhistorythanfolkmedicineC.wasverysuccessfulincuringsicknessinancienttimesD.basesitstreatmentsonobservationandlogic65.Accordingtothetextwhichofthefollowingisnotusedinhealthspas?A.Magicpower.B.Variousherbs.C.A.healthylifestyle.D.Religiousfaith.
ThemostdifficultthingforuniversitystudentShaunRogersisopeninghisclassroomdoor.Shauncan'tdothiswithouthelpbecausehe'sonlysixyearsolD.He'stheyoungestpersonevertostudyatRochesterUniversityinNewYork.Shaunbeganreadingattwobytheageoffivehewasregularlycorresponding通信withuniversityprofessorsandwillshortlycompletehisfirstbookIlovelearningsaysShaun.MyheroisthescientistAlbertEinsteinbecausehenevercombedhishairorworesocks.Psychologists心理学家havefounditdifficulttotestShaun'sintelligence智力becauseitgoesbeyondwhattheyusuallymeasurE.Shaun'smotherfirstrealizedhersonwasdifferentwhenhekeptcryingatplayschoolbecausehewasboredwiththechildren'sgames.ShestartedteachinghimathomeafterfindingthatlocalschoolswerenotpreparedforchildrenwholearntatShaun'sspeeD.NowShaunisstudyinggeographyatRochesterUniversityandusingtheInternettocompletehishighschoolstudies.Howeversomepsychologistswarnthattoomuchstudycanpreventachildfromdevelopingnormally.Idon'tcarehowbrilliantthekidissixyearoldshavetoplaywiththeirfriendssaysDrBrianWooD.MrsRogersdisagreesthatherson'stimeiscompletelytakenupbyschoolwork.HelovestheviolinandhasmanyoutdoorinterestssuchascampingfishingandswimmingjustlikeotherboysofhisagE.60.Thewriterofthetextistryingto________.A.adviseparentsabouttheirchildren'seducationB.comparethedevelopmentofnormalandcleverchildrenC.encouragestudentstoenteruniversityatayoungageD.interestpeopleinthelifeofanunusualchild61.Areadercanfindoutfromthistext________.A.whoShaun'sfriendsareB.whenShaundidanintelligencetestC.whatShaun'shobbiesareD.howwellShaunplaysthevioiln62.WhydidShaun'smotherdecidetoeducatehimathome?A.Becauseshecouldn'tfindasuitableschoolforhim.B.Becausehisschoolwouldn'tlethimusetheInternet.C.Becausehisteacherswereunkindandmadehimcry.D.Becausehedidn'tgetonwellwiththeotherchildren.63.WhatdoesDrWoodthinkaboutShaun?A.Heisn'treallyclevererthanothersixyearolds.B.Heshouldspendmoretimehavingfunwithotherchildren.C.Hewillhavetostudyhardertosucceedatuniversity.D.Hecanhelphisfriendstodobetteratschool.
TheIslandsofHawaii☆HawaiiTheBigIslandofHawaiiisaparadise天堂playgroundwherevisitorscanenjoyapopularlifestyleandatthesametimewitnesstheattractionofnature:thousandsofsquaremilesformawonderlandfeaturingbreathtakingbeachesforestssnow-coveredmountainsandamazingactivevolcanoes.A.visittoVolcanoesNationalParkwhichhasbeendescribedasatruewonderoftheworldisamust.Itisthestate'sbiggestattraction.AccommodationsSeasonsResortHualalaifrom$205.00FairmontOrchid:from$108.00SightseeingandExperiencesCircleIslandTour:from$48.00☆KauaiThebeautifullandscapeofKauaihasledtoitbeingcalledtheGardenIslebutitisalsoreferredtoastheIslandofdiscoveryandwithgoodreason-alandofstrikingnaturalcontrastsjustwaitingtobeexploreD.Greenmountainsabreathtakingcoastlineandwhitesandbeachescombinetomakeitoneoftheworld’smostrelaxinglocations.AccommodationsGrandHyattKauai:from$101.00SheratonKauaiResort:from$79.00☆MauiVotedtheWorld'sBestIslandMauiiswidelyregardedasoneofthemostromanticdestinationsonearth.ItisknownastheValleyIsleandwastheancientplaygroundforHawaiianroyalty.Theislandislargelyruralwithasmallandwonderfulpopulationandahostofattractionsandnaturewonders.AccommodationsHyattRegencyMauiResort&Spa:from$87.00SheratonMaui:from$99.00☆OahuOahuhasauniquerhythmfillingtheairwithsweetfragrances香气musicandlanguage:fromlovelybeachesandamazingnightlifetobeautifulrainforestsandquietvalleys.Adventurehistoryromancediscovery--Oahuwaitsforyou.AccommodationsHalekulani:from$121.00HiltonHawaiia:Village:from$73.00SightseeingandExperiencesRoyalCircleIslandTour:from$34.00ParadiseCoveLu’au:$44.00■Allpricesarebasedonperpersonpernight.35.WhatisthebiggestattractioninHawaii?A.GardenIsleBRoyalCircleIslandTourC.VolcanoesNationalParksD.SheratonKauaiResort36.Foracouplespendingtwonightsinoneoftheaccommodationstheyhavetopayatleast____________.A.$73.00B.$146.00C.$136.00D.$292.0037.WhichislandwastheancientplaygroundforHawaiianroyalty?A.HawaiiB.MauiC.KauaiD.Oahu38.Thepassageismainlywrittento___________.A.telldifferencesbetweenislandsinHawaiiB.provideabetterunderstandingofthegeographyofHawaiiC.offeraccommodationservicestothetouristsD.attractpeopletomakeavisittoHawaii
Graphcanbeaveryusefultoolforconveyinginformationespeciallynumberspercentagesandotherdata.A.graphgivesthereaderapicturetointerpret.Thatcanbealotmorepagesandpagesandpagesexplainingthedata.Graphscanseemfrighteningbutreadingagraphisalotlikereadingastory.Thegraphhasatitleamainideaandsupportingdetails.Youcanuseyouractivereadingskillstoanalyzeandunderstandgraphsjustlikeanyothertext.Mostgraphshaveafewbasicparts:acaptionorintroductionparagraphatitlealegendorkeyandlabeledaxes.AnactivereaderlooksateachpartofthegraphbeforetryingtointerpretthedatA.Captionswillusuallytellyouwherethedatacamefromforexampleascientificstudyof400Africanelephantsfrom1980to2005.Captionsusuallysummarizetheauthor'smainpointaswell.Thetitleisveryimportant.Ittellsyouthemainideaofthegraphbystatingwhatkindofinformationisbeingshown.A.legendalsocalledakeyisaguidetothesymbolsandcolorsusedinthegraph.ManygraphsincludingbargraphsandlinegraphshavetwoaxesthatformacornerUsuallytheseaxesaretheleftsideandthebottomofthegraph.Eachaxiswillalwayshavealabel.Thelabeltellsyouwhateachaxismeasures.BarGraphsA.bargraphhastwoaxesandusesbarstoshowamounts.InGraph1weseethatthex-axisshowsgradesthatstudentsearnedandthey-axisshowsbowmanystudentsearnedeachgrade.Youcanseethat6studentsearnedanA.becausethebarforA.stretchesupto6ontheverticalmeasurement.ThereisalotofinformationwecangetfromasimplegraphlikethisSeeGraph1.LineGraphsA.linegraphlookssimilartoabargraphbutinsteadofBarsitplotspointsandconnectsthemwithaline.IthastheSamepartsasabargraph–twolabeledaxes–andcanbereadthesameway.Toreadalinegraphit'simportanttofocusonthepointsofintersectionratherthanthelinesegmentsbetweenthepointsThistypeofgraphismostcommonlyusedtoshowhowsomethingchangesovertimE.HereisagraphthatchartshowfarabirdfliesduringthefirstFivedaysofitsspringmigrationSeeGraph2.Theunitofmeasurementforthex-axisisdays.Theunitofmeasurementforthey-axisiskilometers.Thuswecanseethatonthefirstdaythepipitflew20kilometers.ThelinesegmentgoesupbetweenDay1andDay2whichmeansthatthebirdflewfartheronDay2.IfthelinesegmentangleddawnasbetweenDay4andDay5itwouldmeanthatthebirdflewfewerkilometersthanthedaybeforE.Thislinegraphisaquickvisualwaytotellthereaderaboutthebird'smigration.PieGraphsAtypicalpiegraphlookslikeacircularpiE.ThecircleisdividedintosectionsandeachsectionrepresentsafractionofthedatA.Thegraphiscommonlyusedtoshowpercentages;thewholepierepresentsl00percentsoeachpieceisafractionofthewholE.ApiegraphmightincludealegendoritmightuseiconsorlabelswithineachslicE.Thispiegraphshowsonmonth'sexpenseSeeGraph3.Food$25Movies$12Clothing$36Savings$20Books$746.Whenusedinagraphalegendis_____A.aguidetothesymbolsandcolorsB.anintroductionparagraphC.themainideaD.thedata47.WhatisthetotalnumberofstudentswhoearnedaC.orbetter?A.4.B.6.C.10.D.20.48.Thebirdcoveredthelongestdistanceon_____A.Day1B.Day2C.Day3D.Day449.WhichofthefollowingcostAmymost?A.FooD.B.BooksC.MoviesD.Clothing.
LICENSEAGREEMENTByinstalling安装thesoftwareyouacknowledgethatyouhavereadallofthetermsandconditionsofthisagreementandagreetobeboundbythem.ClickYESandcontinuetoinstallthegamE.IfyoudonotagreetothetermsofthisagreementclickNOanddirectlyreturntotheentirepackagetotheplaceofpurchaseforafullrefund退款.LIMITEDLICENSE:Youmayusethissoftwareforyourownusebutmaynotsellorreproducethesoftwareinanyway.Youmayuseonecopyofthesoftwareonasinglecomputer.YoumaynotnetworkthesoftwareoruseitonmorethanonecomputeratthesametimE.OWNERSHIP;COPYRIGHT:TitletothesoftwarepatentscopyrightsandallotherpropertyrightsshallatalltimesremainentirelywithGreatGames.Softwareisprotectedbylawandbyinternationaltreaty.Youmaynotcauseorpermitthesoftwaretobedisclosedcopiedmodifiedadaptedorotherwisereducedtohumanreadableform.LIMITEDWARRANTY保修:GreatGameswarrantsforaperiodofninetydaysfromthepurchaseofthiscopyofthegamethatthesoftwareisfreefromerrorsordefects缺陷thatwillseriouslyinterfere冲突withtheoperationofthesoftwareasdescribedintheDocumentation.IfyoubelieveyouhavefoundanysucherrorordefectinthesoftwareduringthewarrantyperiodandareintheUnitedStatescallGreatGames'helplineat8003832647betweenthehoursof800a.m.and1200p.m.midnightMondaythroughFridayholidaysexcludedandprovideyourProductNumber;orifyouareoutsidetheUnitedStatessendyouroriginalsoftwaredisctoGreatGamesat3281N.RiskSt.OcalaFL32410.IncludeyourreturnaddressandGreatGameswillreplacethediscwithinareasonableperiodoftimE.26.Whatmusttheusersmakeclearbeforeinstallingthesoftware?A.TheplacetogetafullrefunD.B.Thecontentsoftheagreement.C.WhentoclickYESorNO.D.Whytobeboundbytheagreement.27.Whatcanyoudowiththesoftwareasauser?A.Youarefreetousethesoftwareinthefirst90days.B.YoucanadaptthesoftwareandgetpayfromGreatGames.C.Youcaninstallonecopyofthesoftwareononlyonecomputer.D.YoucangetyourmoneybackifyouarenotsatisfiedwiththegamE.28.WhatistheprimarypurposeoftheLimitedLicense?A.ToprotectGreatGames'softwarE.B.ToexplainGreatGames'warranty.C.Towarntheusersofpossibledefects.D.Toprovidetechnicalhelptotheusers.
AstudypublishedMondayfoundthatpeoplewhosleeplesstendtobefatandexpertssaidit'stimetofindoutifmoresleepwillfightfatness.We'veputsomuchemphasisondietandexercisethatwe'vefailedtorecognizethevalueofgoodsleepsaidFredTurekaphysicianatNorthwesternUniversity.Monday'sstudyfromEasternVirginiaMedicalSchoolinNorfolkcovered1000peopleandfoundthattotalsleeptimedecreasedasbodymassindex—ameasureofweightbasedonheight—increaseD.Mensleptanaverageof27minuteslessthanwomenandoverweightandfatpatientssleptlessthanpatientswithnormalweightsitsaiD.Ingeneralthefattersubjectssleptabout1.8hoursaweeklessthanthosewithnormalweights.Americansexperienceinsufficientsleepandfatbodies.CliniciansareawareoftheburdenoffatnessonpatientsthestudysaiD.Ourfindingssuggestthatmajorextensionsofsleeptimemaynotbenecessaryasanextra20minutesofsleeppernightseemstobeassociatedwithalowerbodymassindexitaddeD.Wecautionthatthisstudydoesnotsetupacauseandeffectrelationshipbetweenrestrictedsleepandfatnessbutinvestigationsindicatingsuccessinweightlossviaextensionsofsleepwouldhelpgreatlytosetupsucharelationship.ThestudywaspublishedintheArchivesofInternalMedicinealongwithaneditorialbyTurekandNorthwesterncolleagueJosephBasscommentingonitandrelatedresearch.InaninterviewTureksaidsomestudieshaveshownthelackofsleepcausesdeclinesinanappetitesuppressingproteinhormoneandincreasesinanotherhormonethatcausesalongingforfooD.Inadditionneuropathies神经疗法inthebraingoverningsleepandfatnessappeartooverlap部分重叠hesaiD.Fatnesshasbeenrisingdramaticallyindevelopedcountriesandreachedepidemic流行病levelsintheUnitedStatesitaddedleadingtoavarietyofhealthproblems.56.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Peoplewhosleeplesstendtogetfat.B.Fatpeopleneedlotsofsleeptoloseweight.C.Sleepinghasnothingtodowithfatness.D.Fatnesshasreachedepidemiclevelsindevelopedcountries.57.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.LackofsleepcausesdeclinesinadesirelimitingproteinhormonE.B.Americansexperiencesufficientsleepandfatbodies.C.Thefindingssuggestthatmajorextensionsofsleeptimemaybenecessary.D.FatnesshasreachedepidemiclevelsinAmericA.58.WhichofthefollowingisNOTclosetotheunderlinedwordsuppressingA.Limiting.B.Restricting.C.Accepting.D.Controlling.59.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingpeopleisthelowestpossibleonetogetfatness?A.AmericansB.ChineseC.JapaneseD.English
Ablackholeisaplaceinspacewheregravitypullssomuchthatevenlightcannotgetout.ThegravityissostrongbecausematterhasbeensqueezedintoatinyspacE.Thiscanhappenwhenastarisdying.Becausenolightcangetoutpeoplecan’tseeblackholes.Spacetelescopeswithspecialtoolscanhelpfindblackholes.Thespecialtoolscanseehowstarsthatareveryclosetoblackholesactdifferentlyfromotherones.Blackholescanbebigorsmall.Scientiststhinkthesmallestblackholesareassmallasjustoneatom.Theseblackholesareverytinybuthavethemassofalargemountain.Massistheamountofmatterorstaffinanobject.Anotherkindofblackholeiscalledstellar星球黑洞.Itsmasscanbeupto20timesmorethanthemassofthesun.TheremaybemanystellarmassblackholesinEarth’sgalaxy.Earth’sgalaxyiscalledtheMilkyWay.Thelargestblackholesarecalledsupermassive超大质量黑洞.Theseblackholeshavemassesthataremorethanonemillionsunstogether.Scientistshavefoundproofthateverylargegalaxycontainsasupermassiveblackholeatitscenter.ThesupermassiveblackholeatthecenteroftheMilkyWaygalaxyhasamassequaltoaboutfourmillionsunsandwouldfitinsideaverylargeballthatcouldholdafewmillionEarths.Scientiststhinkthesmallestblackholesformedwhentheuniversebegan.Stellarblackholesaremadewhenthecenterofaverybigstarfallsinuponitselforfallsapart.WhenthishappensitexplodedpartofthestarintospacE.Scientiststhinksupermassiveblackholesweremadeatthesametimeasthegalaxytheyarein.AblackholecannotbeseenbecausestronggravitypullsallofthelightintothemiddleoftheblackholE.ButscientistscanseehowthestronggravityaffectsthestarsandgasaroundtheblackholE.ScientistscanstudystarstofindoutiftheyareflyingaroundororbitingablackholE.Whenablackholeandastarareclosetogetherhigh-energylightismadE.Thiskindoflightcannotbeseenwithhumaneyes.Scientistsusesatellitesandtelescopesinspacetoseethehigh-energylight.66.Thegravityofablackholemaybecomesostrongthatlightcannotgetoutwhen_.A.thestarisgoingtodieB.specialtoolsareusedonitC.otherstarscomeclosetoitD.itisseenfromthespacetelescopes67.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.A.blackholecanbeverytinybutextremelyheavy.B.Thegravityofablackholeholdsalllightinitscenter.C.Scientistsobservehigh-energylightthroughtheirowneyes.D.SomesmallblackholescameintobeingasearlyastheuniversE.68.Whichcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.EverygalaxymusthaveablackholE.B.A.galaxyisthecenteroftheuniversE.C.A.galaxyconsistsofalargegroupofstarsandplanets.D.Earth’sgalaxyiscalledtheMilkyWay.69.WhatdoesthelastsentenceinParagraph5suggest?A.NeitherthesunnortheearthisasheavyasablackholE.B.ThereisonlyonesupermassiveblackholeatthecenteroftheMilkyWay.C.ThesupermassiveblackholehadexistedbeforetheMilkyWaywasformeD.D.Thereisareasonwhythelargeblackholesarecalledsupermassive.70.Thelasttwoparagraphmainlyfocusonthequestionof_________.A.whatablackholeisB.howblackholesformC.howbigblackholesareD.howscientistsknowaboutblackholes
ImaginethefirstdaysinanewtimezonE.Slowtorespondtothe28yourbodyclockisconfuseD.You’resleepyalldaybutwhenit’stimeforbedyoucanhardlyfallasleep.Obviouslyyouare29jetlag时差反应.Travelershavetraditionallyfoughtthis30withsleepingpillsoralcohol.Thereareactuallyhealthierwaysthatcanworkjustas31.Forexamplethemomentyougetontheairplanestart32yourbiologicalblocktothedestination’stimE.Ifit’sdaytimeinyourdestinationtrytostay33.Walkingaroundthecabin客舱canbeofhelp.Whenit’snighttimetrytosleep.Inthatcaseeatbeforetheflight34anemptystomachwillpreventyoufromsleeping.Thesetipswillhelpyoustartanew35ofsleepandwakefulness.28.A.flightB.changeC.demandD.climate29.A.sufferingfromB.workingonC.lookingintoD.leadingto30.A.dangerB.problemC.wasteD.fear31.A.brieflyB.slowlyC.suddenlyD.effectively32.A.checkingB.sendingC.adjustingD.stopping33.A.awakeB.aloneC.hungryD.calm34.A.thoughB.soC.wholeD.or35.A.understandingB.cycleC.researchD.trend
Inaworldwithlimitedlandwaterandothernaturalresources资源theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherisE.Actuallythepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandtheglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechangedandthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable可持续的ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwordsweshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Todaysustainabledevelopmentisapropertrendinmanycountries.Accordingtoarecentstudytheglobalmarketforlow-carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecadE.Chinaforexamplehassetitsmindonleadingthatmarkethopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyrevolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergyandisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.Inadditionwearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil棕榈油whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.Firsttheycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions排放andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besidesstrongerarrangementofpublicresourceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.FinallygovernmentscanavoidthehugepublicexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirectionandredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromthetraditionalmodeltoasustainableonE.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofgrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltaskbutitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.1.ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat.A.itmakestheworldwarmerB.itconsumesnaturalresourcesC.itbringsseveredamagetoforestsD.itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue2.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.Chinalackswindandsolarenergy.B.Chinaistheleaderofthelow-carbonmarket.C.High-speedtrainsarealow-carbondevelopment.D.Palmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests.3.Tofullydevelopthelow-carbonmarketsgovernmentscan.A.cutpublicexpensesB.forbidcarbonemissionsC.developpublicresourcesD.encourageenergyconservation4.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesseshavemanychancesto.A.developsustainableproductsB.explorenewnaturalresourcesC.makefulluseofnaturalresourcesD.dealwiththemajorchallenge5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel.B.Tocomparetwobusinessmodels.C.Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.D.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.
FILTONjustoutsideBristoliswhereBritain’sfleetofConcordesupersonic超音速的airlinerswasbuilt.TheresomethingremarkableisbeingcreateD.Littlebylittleamachineisprintingacomplextitaniumbracket钛合金支架aboutthesizeofashoewhichnormallywouldhavetobecutfromasolidblockofmetal.Bracketsareonlythebeginning.TheresearchersatFiltonhaveamuchbiggerambition:toprinttheentirewingofanairliner.Unrealisticasthismayseemmanyotherpeopleareusing3Dprintingtechnologytocreatesimilarlyremarkablethings.Theseincludemedicalimplantsjewelleryfootballbootsdesignedforindividualfeetlampshadesracing-carpartssolid-statebatteriesandcustomizedmobilephones.Someareevenmakingmechanicaldevices仪器.AttheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyMITPeterSchmittaPhDstudenthasbeenprintingsomethingthatisliketheworkingsofagrandfatherclock.Ittookhimafewattemptstogetrightbuteventuallyheremovedtheplasticclockfroma3Dprinterhungitonthewallandpulleddownthecounterweight.Itstartedticking.Engineersanddesignershavebeenusing3Dprintersformorethanadecadebutmostlytomakeoriginaltypesquicklyandcheaplybeforetheyembarkontheexpensivebusinessoftoolingupafactorytoproducetherealthing.As3Dprintershavebecomemoreabletoworkwithabroaderrangeofmaterialsincludingproduction-gradeplasticsandmetalsthemachinesareincreasinglybeingusedtomakefinalproductstoo.Morethan20%oftheoutputof3DprintersisnowfinalproductsratherthanoriginaltypesaccordingtoTerryWohlerswhorunsaresearchfirmspecializinginthefielD.Hepredictsthatthiswillriseto50%by2020.1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.FiltonisinthecentreofBristol.B.Petertriedtoprintaclockbutinvain.C.aremarkablemetalbracketisbeingcreateD.D.3Dprintingtechnologyisavailabletoallofus.2.Theunderlinedwordembarkprobablymeans_________.A.workB.landC.dependD.fix3.Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat__________.A.TerryWohlers’sfirmwillmakegreatprofitsB.thetechnologyof3DprinterswillbewidelyadoptedC.3Dprintershavebeeninuseforatleast100yearsD.engineersanddesignerspreferprintingoriginalproducts4.Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyintheformof_______.A.timeandeventsB.definitionanddescriptionC.contrastandconclusionD.examplesandstatements
ResearchersinHungaryhaveconfirmedsomethingmanydogownershavelongsuspected:thatcaninesunderstandourfeelings.UsingaMagneticResonanceScannerorMRIscientistsfoundthatwhenitcomestoemotionsdogs’brainsaresimilartothoseofhumans.DogsareusuallynotrelaxedinalabenvironmentbutwithalittlepettingandlotsoftreatstheycanbetrainedtositstilleveninanMRIscanner.That’showresearchersinHungary’sELTEUniversitywereabletogetimagesoftheirbrainsatwork.ResearchfellowAttilaAndicssaysithelpedthembetterunderstandthedogs’relationshipwithhumans.Wehaveknownforalongtimethatdogsandhumanssharesimilarsocialenvironmentbutnowourresultsshowthatdogsandhumansalsohavesimilarbrainmechanisms大脑机制toprocesssocialinformationsaidAndics.Aftertraining11dogstostaymotionlesswhiletheirbrainswerescannedtheresearcherscheckedtheirneurological神经系统的responsestoabout200emotionallysignificantsoundsfromwhiningandcryingtoplayfulbarkingandlaughing.Theythencomparedtheresponsesfromhumansubjects.Theyfoundstrikingsimilarities.Andicssaysitopensnewpossibilitiesforresearch.Itestablishesafoundationofanewbranchofcomparativeneurosciencebecauseuntilnowitwasnotpossibletomeasurethebrainactivitiesofanon-primate非人灵长类动物andtheprimatebraininasingleexperimentsaidAndics.AndwhatthattellsordinarydogownerstheHungarianscientistssayistotreatyourcaninecompanionsasfriendsnotmereanimalsbecausetheyevidentlyunderstandhumanfeelings.25.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Dog’sbehaviorsarethesameasthoseofhumans.B.Usuallydogscansitstillinalabenvironment.C.Dogownersshouldn’ttreatdogsastheirfriends.D.Theemotionsofdogsaresimilartothoseofhumans.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordcaninesmeaninthefirstparagraph?A.DogsB.AnimalsC.dogownersD.researchers27.Howdoresearchersgetthedogstositstill?A.ByforcE.B.Byinjection.C.Bycomfortingandtreating.D.Byignoring.B.DAC
WhentravelersthinkofanAdriaticcruisescenesofVeniceItaly—itscanalsbridgespiazzasandstunningarchitecture—cometominD.It'soneofthemostpopularcruisedestinationsinEuropE.Andformanythesail-awayfromVenicethroughitsGiudeccaCanalisanawe-inspiringexperiencE.VenicemaybeknownasLaSerenissimaorthemostpeacefulwhichhoweverisn'tentirelyaccuratethesedays.Venetianshavebeenincreasinglyconcernedabouttheimpactoftourismandthepotentialforanenvironmentaldisasteroffitsshorelineduetothenumberofcruiseshipsthatenterandexititslagoon泻湖.That'swhyearlierlastmonthVeniceannouncedanewpolicytoforbidthetransit穿越ofcruiseshipstothecityviatheGiudeccaCanal.It'snotthatthecitywantstoshunthecruiseindustryaltogether:ItsimplywantstoforcetrafficfurtherawayfromthelandmarksalongtheshorelinE.CityofficialssaythatmostshipswillnowtransittheContortaSant'AngeloCanal.AdditionallythecityisclampingdownonthesizeofshipsthatcanvisitVeniceaswellasthetotalnumberofshipsthatcallonitonadailybasis.AsofJanuary2014Veniceplanstoreducethevisitationsoflargershipsthosethatare40000tonsorheavierby20percent.ThiseffectivelycapsthenumberofshipsthatcanenterperdaytofivE.InNovembershipsheavierthan96000tonswillnotbeallowedtoenterGuideccaCanalatall.Howthecityplanstocarryoutthenewfive-ships-per-dayruleremainstobeseenandhaveyettobeannounceD.Whichshipswillbeallowedpassage?Willitbefirst-comefirst-served?HowevertheyproceedcruiselineexecutiveswanttheirpassengerstoknowthatVenicewillremainaregularportofcall—evenifthetransittoandfromthecitymustevolvE.68.BeforelastmonthtoursitsleftVenicebyshipthrough______.A.theGiudeccaCanalB.LaSerenissimaC.theContortaSant'AngeloCanalD.theAdriaticSea69.Thenewpolicywasissuedinorderto_____________.A.stresstheaccuracyofVenice'sfameforpeaceB.reducethedamagetoVenice'senvironmentC.dependlessonthecrusieindustryD.limitthenumberoftourists70.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat_____________.A.PeopleinVenicearecomplainingaboutthetoursits'behaviors.B.Venetiansareoftenbotheredbynoiseandpollution.C.Thecitygovernmenthasannouncedtheconcretewaystocarryoutthenewfive-ships-per-dayrulE.D.Thenewpolicywillnotdiscouragethetourismfromdeveloping.71.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseclapmingdownonmean?A.limitingB.abandoningC.banningD.punishing
ManisalandanimalbutheisalsocloselytiedtotheseA.Throughouthistorytheseahasservedtheneedsofman.TheseahasprovidedmanwithfoodandaconvenientwaytotraveltomanypartsoftheworlD.Todaynearlytwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationlivewithin80kilometersoftheseacoast.InthemoderntechnologicalworldtheseaoffersmanyresourcestohelpmankindsurvivE.Resourcesonlandarebeginningtobeusedup.Theseahoweverstillcanbehopedtosupplymanyofman’sneeds.Thelistofrichesoftheseayettobedevelopedbyman’stechnologyisimpressivE.Oilandgasexplorationshavebeencarriedoutfornearly30years.ValuableamountsofmineralsexistontheoceanfloorreadytobemineD.FishfarmingpromisestobeagoodwaytoproducelargequantitiesoffooD.ThecultureoffishandshellfishisanancientskillpracticedinthepastmainlybyOrientalpeoplE.Besidesoilandgastheseamayoffernewsourcesofenergy.Expertsbelievethatthewarmtemperatureoftheoceancanbeusedinawaysimilartothesteaminasteamship.Oceancurrents洋流andwavesofferpossibleuseasasourceofenergy.TechnologyisenablingmantoexploreevermoredeeplyundertheseA.ThedevelopmentofstrongnewmaterialshasmadethispossiblE.ThetechnologytoharvesttheseacontinuestoimprovE.Expertsbelievethatbytheyear2000theproblemsthatpreventusfromexploitingfullythefoodmineralsandenergysourcesoftheseawillbelargelysolveD.33Themajorthingsthattheseaoffersmanare______.A.fishandoilB.mineralsandoilC.warmtemperatureandoceancurrentsD.thefoodenergysourcesandminerals34Theseaservestheneedsofmanbecause______.A.itprovidesmanwithfoodB.itoffersoiltomanC.itsuppliesmanwithmineralsD.alloftheabove35Thebesttitleforthispassageis______.A.SeaHarvestB.SeaFoodC.TechnologyforExploitingtheSeaD.ManandtheSea
NASA'sMarsdetector—Opportunitysucceededinfindingsignsthatwateronceexistedontheplanet.OpportunitylandedonMarsinJanuary.ScientistsnowbelievethattheplanetcouldoncehavesupportedlifE.ThisdiscoverywaschosenbyScienceoneoftheworld'sleadingmagazinesasthemostimportantscientificachievementof2004lastFriday.ThislittlewheeledonearmedboxgoesaroundanotherplanetandhasdonesomethingnohumanhasevermanagedaccordingtoSciencE.IthasdiscoveredanotherplaceintheuniversewherelifecouldoncehaveexisteD.Althoughwestillcan'tsaythatlifecouldhaveexistedintheenvironmentitisnowcertainthattherewaswateronMarssaidSteveSquyresoneofthescientistsworkingontheMarsmission.TheevidencecomesfrompicturesandchemicalreadingstakenbyOpportunity.ItincludesmarksonrockslikethosecausedbyflowingwateronEarthandsaltychemicalslikethosefoundindriedoutseabeD.ScientistssaidthenewevidenceprovedbeyonddoubtthatwaterhadexistedonMars.ButitisstillunknownwhetherthewateronMarswaslikeanoceanorjusticE.WhileOpportunityhasnotfoundanysignsoflifethepresenceofwatermeanslifeispossiblE.IneverythingweknowaboutlifeonEarththereisnoexamplewithoutliquidwaterSquyressaiD.SowaterisimportantforthesearchforlifeonMars.Researchersagreethatafuturemissionshouldbringbackphysicalsamples.ButsomescientistsworryabouttheriskthatthiscouldintroducedangerousforeigncreaturestoEarth.TheproblemhereishowtogetthesamplesbackSquyresreplieD.Ithinkitisourresponsibilitytolimitanyrisk.64.Thebesttitleofthepassageshouldbe________.A.AFindingonMarsB.WaterMeansLifeC.WateronMarsD.TheSignofWater65.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.humanswillfindnewcreaturesonMarsinnearfutureB.physicalsampleswillsurelybebroughtbacktoEarthsomedayinawaywithoutanyriskC.humanbeingscanfightagainstthedangerouscreaturesfromtheMarsD.moreresponsibleresearcherswantedtocarryoutthemission66.Whatdoestheunderlinedworddetectormean?A.Aninstrumentwhichisusedtodiscoversomething.B.AnastronautwhohasbeensentupintospacE.C.AscientistwhodoesresearchonMars.D.Aspaceshipwhichcanlandonotherplanets.
ThereareanextremelylargenumberofantsworldwidE.Eachindividual个体的anthardlyweighanythingbutputtogethertheyweighroughlythesameasallofmankinD.Theyalsolivenearlyeverywhereexceptonfrozenmountaintopsandaroundthepoles.Foranimalstheirsizeantshavebeenastonishinglysuccessfullargelyduetotheirwonderfulsocialbehavior.Incolonies群体thatrangeinsizefromafewhundredtotensofmillionstheyorganizetheirliveswithacleardivisionoflabor.Evenmoreamazingishowtheyachievethisleveloforganization.Whereweusesoundandsighttocommunicateantsdependprimarilyonpheromone外激素chemicalssentoutbyindividualsandsmelledortastedbyfellowmembersoftheircolony.Whenanantfindsfooditproducesapheromonethatwillleadothersstraighttowherethefoodis.Whenanindividualantcomesunderattackorisdyingitsendsoutanalarmpheromonetowarnthecolonytoprepareforaconflictasadefenseunit.Infactwhenitcomestotheartofwarantshavenoequal.Theyarecompletelyfearlessandwillreadilytakeonacreaturemuchlargerthanthemselvesattackinginlargegroupsandovercomingtheirtarget.Suchistheirdevotiontothecommongoodofthecolonythatnotonlysoldierantsbutalsoworkerantswillsacrificetheirlivestohelpdefeatanenemy.BehavinginthisselflessanddevotedmannertheselittlecreatureshavesurvivedonEarthformorethan140millionyearsfarlongerthandinosaurs.Becausetheythinkasonetheyhaveacollective集体的intelligencegreaterthanyouwouldexpectfromitsindividualparts.68.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatantsare____________.A.notwillingtosharefoodB.notfoundaroundthepolesC.moresuccessfulthanallotheranimalsD.toomanytoachieveanyleveloforganization69.Antscanusepheromonesfor______.A.escapeB.communicationC.warningenemiesD.arranginglabor70.WhatdoestheunderlinedexpressiontakeoninParagraph3mean?A.Accept.B.Employ.C.Playwith.D.Fightagainst.71.Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofants?A.Theirbehavior.B.TheirsizE.C.Theirnumber.D.Theirweight
TonyBurkeAustralia'senvironmentministersayshewon'tdecideuntilnextyearwhetherthekoalashouldbeprotectedasanendangeredspecies.HewasexpectedtomakehisdecisionbytheendofOctober.Butthatdecisionhasbeenputoff.Burkesaidheneededmoretimetogooverthelatestinformationaboutthekoala'spopulation.InSeptemberanAustralianSenatecommitteereportedthattherewasnoquestionthekoala'spopulationisonthedecreasE.Buttheymaynotyetbeeligible符合条件forlistingasathreatenedspeciessaidSenatorDougCameron.TohavesuchasignificantAustralianicon偶像includedonthethreatenedspecieslistwouldbeanationalshamE.Thekoalaisfoundonlyintheeucalyptus桉树forestsofAustraliA.Anditspopulationisreportedtohavefallensharplyformanyreasonsincludingthecuttingdownofforeststomakewayforhumanbeings'developmenttheirownillnessclimatechangeandkillingsbyotheranimalssuchaswilddogs.Andeveryyearmanykoalasarehitbycarsastheyaretryingtocrossthebusyroads.PuttingoffthedecisiononprotectionforthekoalaisreallybadnewssaidDebbiePointingthepresidentoftheKoalaActionGroup.We'veworkedtirelesslyformanyyearstogatherdataonthepopulationsPointingsaiD.Thatdatashouldbeenoughtomakeadecision.HoweverBurkepointedoutthattheAustraliangovernmenthadspentatleast$6.3milliononkoalaconservationeffortssince1996.SenatorslistedeffortsthatarealreadyunderwayinQueensland—theconstructionofspecialkoalabridgesaswellasfencesalongroadstokeeptheanimalsoutofharm'sway.Somepeoplesaythatisnotenough.Whatwe'redoingatthemomentislikelytodrivethisspeciestoextinctionQueenslandUniversityzoologistBillEllissaiD.KoalasareaniconicAustraliananimalBurketoldAustralians.TheyholdaspecialplaceintheheartsofAustralians.Butitisafactthatifmoreisn'tdonetoprotectthekoalatheymightsoonholdaplaceonlyinAustralians'memories.1.TonyBurkeputoffannouncingthekoalaasanendangeredspeciesbecause________.A.heneededmoretimetoexaminethelatestinformationB.hedoubtedwhetherkoalas'numberisdecreasingC.hewasthinkingaboutwaystoprotectkoalasD.hehadmoreimportantissuestodealwith2.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThehabitatofthekoalA.B.Australia'strafficproblems.C.TheimportanceofkoalasforAustralians.D.Reasonsforthedecreaseofthekoalapopulation.3.AccordingtothetextDebbiePointingthinksthat________.A.theconstructionofspecialkoalabridgesisoflittleuseB.koalasarebecominglessimportantinAustralians'heartsC.thegovernmentistoblameforthedecreasingkoalapopulationD.thegovernmentshouldannouncethekoalaasanendangeredspecies4.ItcanbelearnedfromthetextthatTonyBurke________.A.thoughtthegovernmenthasdonemuchforkoalasB.calledonAustralianstotakecareofthekoalaC.decidedtoconstructmorefencesalongroadsD.wasoptimisticaboutthekoala'sfuture5.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.AustraliaputsoffthedecisiononwhetherthekoalaisendangereD.B.Australiaistakingspecialmeasurestoprotectkoalas.C.Thepopulationofkoalasisreducingrapidly.D.Australiansareconcernedaboutkoalas.
BasedonnewanalysiswearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequiteseverE.Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyearscurrentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.Polarregionswillgetcolderwhiletropicalregionswillgetevenhotterforcinganimalstomigrate迁徙north.Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.TropicalstormsandhurricaneswillnotonlyincreasebutmayalsobecomemoreintensE.Ifthechangescometooquicklyanimalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.AccordingtoScienceDailyanewstudypredictsthatbytheyear2100manyoftoday’sfamiliarclimateswillbereplacedbyclimatesunknownintoday’sworlD.Itisurgentthatwereducetherisksofthesefar-reachingconsequencesforthewholeworlD.TheplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchangE.In2004aserioustsunamicreatedbyamajorearthquakekilledthousandsinSumatraandin2008thousandsdiedinChinabecauseofanothersevereearthquakE.Egyptwashitin2009withamajorearthquakeandHaitiwasdevastatedin2010byyetanothermassiveearthquakE.Withinjustthelastfewmonthsnewreportsfromaroundtheworldhavebeencominginandmostagreethatourclimatesituationismuchworsethanpreviouslythought.Atthispointitdoesn’tmatterwhatiscausingitbutratherwhatcanbedoneaboutit.What’smoreourworldisgettingmoreandmoreunstableeveryyear.ThereiswarandthreatofwareverywherE.Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.Howeverotherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.NooneknowsanythingforsureatthispointbecausethereissimplynotenoughdatA.39.WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthePassage?A.Waystoprotectourplanet.B.SolutionstoclimatechangE.C.BepreparedforclimatechangE.D.Climatechangeanditseffects.40.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinusingtheexamplesofearthquakes?A.ToshowthedamageearthquakescauseD.B.Toremindpeopletopreventfutureearthquakes.C.Toshowmajorchangesaretakingplaceontheplanet.D.TotellusmoreearthquakeswillhappeninthefuturE.41.WhatdoestheunderlinedworddevastatedinParagraph3mean?A.SeparateD.B.DestroyeD.C.RemoveD.D.AffecteD.42.WhatcanbeinferredfromthePassage?A.Animalsandplantswon’tdieoutaslongasclimatechangesslowly.B.There’senoughdataforustopredictthefutureofclimatechangE.C.Theworldisgettingmoreunstablebecauseofanimalmigration.D.TheearthisnottheonlyplanetthatisexperiencingclimatechangE.
Plasticiseverywherebecauseplasticisanextremelyusefulmaterial.Itischeapstrongandlightweight.What’smoreitcantakeonnearlyanyformorshapefromsoftandstretchy有弹性的tohardandglasslikE.Plastichoweverisfarfromperfect.Itmayevenbebadforus.Studiesnowsuggestthatpoisonouschemicalscangetoutofsometypesofplasticgetintoourbodiesandcauseavarietyofhealthproblemsincludingcancerbirthdefectsandattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder注意缺陷障碍.Twotypesofchemicalsinparticularhaveraisedspecialconcernlately.Theyarecalledphthalates邻苯二甲酸盐andBisphenol-A二酚基丙烷BPAforshort.Notallplasticproductscontainthem.Buttheonesthatdoaresurroundedbycontroversy争议.That’sbecauseexpertsdisagreeonhowdangerousthesechemicalsarE.Plasticisasinglewordbutplasticisn’tjustonething.Whatallplasticsshareincommonareplasticizers--specialchemicalsthatallowthematerialtobechangedintonearlyanyshapeortexturE.Plasticizers塑化剂areaddedtoplasticduringthemanufacturingprocess.PhthalatesandBPAaretwotypesofplasticizersthatworkindifferentways.Phthalatesaddsoftnesstothingslikeshampoobottlesraincoatsandrubber.Theyarealsousedinperfumesandmakeup.BPAontheotherhandgivesahardclearalmostglasslikefeeltoproductssuchasinfantbottles.BPAalsoappearsinfoodandsodacansDVDsandotherunexpectedplaces.Howdothesechemicalsgetintous?Whenplasticisheatedinthemicrowaveordishwasherchewedonorscratchedthechemicalscanseep渗透outoftheplastiC.Eventhoughwecan’tseethemweeatthemdrinkthemandbreathethemin.ScientistsandparentsareespeciallyworriedaboutyoungchildrenwhotendtochewoneverythingincludingplastiC.DozensofcountriesincludingtheEuropeanUnionJapanCanadaandMexicohavealreadybannedphthalatesfromproductsmadeforchildrenyoungerthanthreE.CaliforniaandWashingtonhavedonethesamE.Andanumberofotherstatesareconsideringsimilarrules.AsforBPACanadabecamethefirstcountrytobanthechemicalfrombabybottles.A.dozenstatesareconsideringit.67.Whatcanweknowabouttheplasticfromthefirstparagraph?A.Itscharactersandeffects.B.Itswideuseandbadpoints.C.Itsimportanceandchemicals.D.Itspopularityandadvantages.68.WhichofthefollowingproductscontainsBPA?A.Asoftplasticcup.B.Apencileraser.C.AbabymilkbottlE.D.AnewperfumE.69.PhthalatesandBPAcangetintous__________.A.throughmouthornoseB.throughbloodtransfusionC.byfeelingplasticproductsD.byheatinginthemicrowave70.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Anewbanonplasticproducts.B.ProblemscausedbytheplastiC.C.GoodpointsoftheplastiC.D.Theuseofplasticizers.
Technologicalchangeiseverywhereandaffectseveryaspectoflifemostlyforthebetter.Howeversocialchangesarebroughtaboutbynewtechnologyareoftenmistakenforachangeinattitudes.AnexampleathandistheinvolvementofparentsinthelivesoftheirchildrenwhoareattendingcollegE.Surveys调查onthistopicsuggeststhatparentstodaycontinuetobeveryorsomewhatoverly-protectiveevenaftertheirchildrenmoveintocollegedormitories.Thesamesurveysalsoindicatethattherateofparentalinvolvementisgreatertodaythanitwasagenerationago.Thisisusuallyinterpretedasasignthattoday’sparentsaretryingtomanagetheirchildren’slivespastthepointwherethisbehaviorisappropriatE.Howevergreaterparentalinvolvementdoesnotnecessarilyindicatethatparentsarefailingtoletgooftheiradultchildren.Inthecontext背景ofthisdiscussionitseemsvaluabletofirstfindoutthecauseofchangeinthecaseofparents’involvementwiththeirgrownchildren.Ifparentsofearliergenerationshadwantedtobeintouchwiththeircollege-agechildrenfrequentlywouldthishavebeenpossible?Probablynot.Ontheotherhanddoesthepossibilityoffrequentcommunicationtodaymeanthattheurgetodosowasn’tpresentagenerationago?Manystudiesshowthatolderparents-today’sgrandparents-wouldhavecalledtheirchildrenmoreoftenifthemeansandcostofdoingsohadnotbeenabarrier.Furthermorestudiesshowthatfinancesarethemostfrequentsubjectofcommunicationbetweenparentsandtheircollegechildren.Thefactthatcollegestudentsarefinanciallydependentontheirparentsisnothingnew;norarerequestsformoremoneytobesentfromhomE.Thisphenomenonisneithergoodnorbad;itisafactofcollegelifetodayandinthepast.Thankstotheadvancedtechnologyweliveinanageofbetteredcommunication.ThishasmanyimplicationswellbeyondtherolethatparentsseemtoplayinthelivesoftheirchildrenwhohaveleftforcollegE.Butitisusefultobearinmindthatallsuchchangescomefromthetechnologyandnotsomeimagineddesirebyparentstokeeptheirchildrenundertheirwings.67.Thesurveysinformusof______.A.thedevelopmentoftechnologyB.thechangesofadultchildren’sbehaviorC.theparents’over-protectionoftheircollegechildrenD.themeansandexpensesofstudents’communication68.Thewriterbelievesthat______.A.parentstodayaremoreprotectivethanthoseinthepastB.thedisadvantagesofnewtechnologyoutweighitsadvantagesC.technologyexplainsgreaterparentalinvolvementwiththeirchildrenD.parents’changedattitudesleadtocollegechildren’sdelayedindependence69.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TechnologyorAttitudeB.DependenceorIndependenceC.FamilyInfluenceorSocialChangesD.CollegeManagementorCommunicationAdvancement70.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?
StudiesshowfarmlandinAfricaisoftenlackinginimportantnutrients.Butresearcherssayacombinationoffarmingmethodsmayhelp.Researcherswonderhowtoincreaseproductionwithoutnecessarilyclearingmorelandtogrowadditionalcrops.Americanresearcherssaythatcanhappenwithgreateruseofanagriculturalsystemcalledperenniation.Itmixesfoodcropswithtreesandperennialplants—thosethatreturnyearafteryear.SoilscientistJohnReganoldsaysOneofthemajorproblemsisthatthesoilsarefairlypoorinmostoftheregions.SohowdoyougrowfoodonpoorsoilsTherehavetobefoodproductionsystemsthatcanbuildthesoilandimprovetheyielD.MrReganoldsayspoorsoilmayhaveresultedfromyearsofweatheringthatwashedawaymanynutrients.HesayssomefarmersmayhavedonemoreharmthangooD.Theyhavebeenactuallyusingfarmingpracticeswherethey’renotputtinginorganicmatter.They’renotputtinginfertilizers.Theycan’taffordthosethings.Anditjustrunsthesoildown.Sothey’reworseningthesituation.ThescientistsaysthewordperenniationdefinesthreesystemsthatarealreadyusedinAfricA.TheoldestofthethreeiscalledevergreenagriculturE.Thisiswherefarmersplanttreeswiththeircrops.FarmersinAfricahavebeendoingthisforsixtyyearsbutitseemstobegrowinginpopularity.ThemethodisgainingwidespreaduseincountriessuchasNigerBurkinaFasoMalawiandZambiA.Thetreesareplantedamongmaize玉米milletorsorghumcrops.Theynotonlyaddnitrogen氮tothesoilthroughtheirrootsbutalsothroughtheirleaveswhentheyfalloffandbreakdown.Atothertimesoftheyearthetreescanprotectplantsfromstrongsunlight.JohnReganoldsaysheknowsofonewomanwhohashadgreatsuccesswithperenniation.She’sagrandmotherinherfifties.HernameisRhodaMang’yanaandshestartedusingthissystemabouttwentyyearsago.AndheryieldsinitiallywereaboutatonofmaizE.Nowwithagoodyearshegetsfourtonsperhectarefourtimeswhatshewasgetting.6.Thepurposeofthepassageisto________.A.tellpeoplehowtoincreaseproductionB.introduceanagriculturalsysteminAfricaC.introducetheoldestfarmingmethodinAfricaD.tellushowtopreventsoilbeingpoor7.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordweatheringinParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Beingexposedtowindandrain.B.Growingdifferentcrops.C.Beingpollutedseverely.D.Beingploughedimproperly.8.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONG?A.Perenniationmixesfoodcropswithtreesandperennialplants.B.Poorsoilisthemainprobleminincreasingfoodproduction.C.Farmersmaybemoretoblameforthepresentsituation.D.Americanresearchersfirstinventedperenniation.9.Evergreenagricultureispopularwiththefarmersmainlybecauseit________.A.canbuildthesoilandimprovetheyieldB.canprovidemorewoodaswellC.istheeasiestmethodtocarryoutD.isusedforalongtime10.WhydoesJohnReganoldmentionRhodaMang’yana?A.ToshowthemethodisverypopularinAfricA.B.Becausesheisanexpertatfarmingproduction.C.ToprovethefarmingmethodiseffectivE.D.Becausesheproducedmoregrainsthananyoneelseinthecountry.
Lastnight’smeteor流星showerleftmanypeopleinthecommunitydissatisfiedanddemandinganswers.AccordingtoGabeRothschildEmeraldValley’smayorpeoplegatheredinthesuburbsofthecitycarryingheavytelescopesexpectingtowatchthebrightlyburningmeteorspassingthroughthesky.Whattheyfoundinsteadwasaskysobrightenedbythecity’slightsthatitdarkenedthelightofthemeteorspassingoverheaD.MyfamilywassofrustratedadmittedtownresidentDauneCosby.Wewantedtomakethisanunforgettablefamilyoutingbutitturnedouttobeahugedisappointment.Astronomers—scientistswhostudystarsandplanets—havebeencomplainingaboutthisproblemfordecades.Theysaythatlightpollutionpreventsthemfromseeingobjectsintheskythattheycouldseequiteeasilyinthepast.Theycallonpeopleandthegovernmenttotakemeasurestofightagainstit.Thereisyetapopulationbesidesprofessionalandamateurstarobserversthatsuffersevenmorefromlightpollution.ThispopulationconsistsofbirdsbatsfrogssnakesetC.Forexampleoutdoorlightingseverelyaffectsmigrating迁徙的birds.AccordingtotheInternationalDark-SkyAssociation100millionbirdsayearthroughoutNorthAmericadieincrasheswithlightedbuildingsandtowers.Countlessmoreanimalcasualties伤亡resultfromtheuseofartificiallighting.Clearlypeopleenjoythebenefitsoflightingtheireveningsbutsomescientiststhinkitcanbeharmfultohumanstoo.Theyworrythatexposuretolightwhilesleepingcanincreaseaperson’schancesofgettingcancer.EmeraldValleyisonlyonecommunitythatisbecomingawareofthenegativeeffectsoflightpollution.ForyearsFlagstaffArizonahasenforcedlightingregulationsinitscityinordertoassistastronomersattheLowellObservatory.Similareffortshavebeenmadeworldwideandamovementisunderwaytoremindustoturnofflightswhenwearenotusingthemsothatothercreaturescansharethenight.63.Whatdotheastronomerscomplainabout?A.MeteorshowersoccurlessoftenthanbeforE.B.Theirobservationequipmentisinpoorrepair.C.Lightpollutionhasremainedunsolvedforyears.D.Theireyesightisfailingduetoartificiallighting.64.WhatistheauthorconcernedaboutaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Birdsmaytakeothermigrationpaths.B.Animals’livinghabitsmaychangesuddenly.C.VarietiesofanimalswillbecomesharplyreduceD.D.Animals’survivalisthreatenedbyoutdoorlighting.65.LightingregulationsinFlagstaffArizonaareputintoeffectto________.A.lessenthechanceofgettingcancerB.createanidealobservationconditionC.ensurecitizensagoodsleepatnightD.enableallcreaturestoliveinharmony66.Whatmessagedoestheauthormostwanttogiveus?A.Savingwildlifeissavingourselves.B.Greateffortsshouldbemadetosaveenergy.C.Humanactivitiesshouldbeenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Newequipmentshouldbeintroducedforspacestudy.
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