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A. industrially polluted soils ? ?B. rock and soil chemistry ? ?C. naturally polluted soils ? ?D. th...
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A.industriallypollutedsoilsB.rockandsoilchemistryC
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阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1346段每段选择1个
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UpinSmoke IbegantosmokewhenIwasinhighschool.InfactIremembertheeveningIwasatagirlfriend’shouseandwewerewatchingamovie--aterriblyromanticmovie.Hetheheroofthemoviewasinloveshehisladywasbeautifulandtheywerebothsmoking.Myfriendhadonlytwocigarettesfromapackinhermother’spurseandshegaveonetome.Itwasmyfirsttime. Myparentsdidn’tcaremuch.Theybothsmokedandmyolderbrotherdidtoo.Mymothertoldmethatsmokersdon’tgrowtallbutIwasalready5’6"tallerthanmostoftheboysinmyclasssoIwashappytohearthat"fact.’Inschooltheteacherstalkedagainstsmokingbutthecigaretteadvertisementsweresoexciting.Themenintheadsweresogood-lookingandsosuccessfulandthewomenwere--welltheywerebeautifulandsophisticated老于世故的. IreadabookcalledHowtoStopSmoking.Thewritersaidthatsmokingwastestimeandthatcigarettescostalotofmoney."Sowhat"Ithought.Thebookdidn’tsaythatsmokingcantakeawayyearsofyourlife.Buttenyearslatereveryonebegantohearaboutthenegativeeffectsofcigarettesmoke:lungdiseasecancerandheartproblems.Afterthattherewasahealthwarningoneverypackofcigarettes.Ididn’tpaymuchattentiontothereportsandwarnings.IfelthealthyandIthoughtIwastakinggoodcareofmyself. Thentwoeventschangedmymind.FirstIstartedtocough.Ithoughtitwasjustacoldbutitdidn’tgetbetter.Secondmybrothergotlungcancer.Hegotsickerandsicker.MybrotherandIusedtosmokecigarettestogetherovertwentyyearsagoandwesmokedourlastcigarettestogetherthedaybeforehedied.IsatwithhiminhishospitalroomandIdecidedtoquit."NOmorecigarettesever"Isaidtomyself. Howeveritwasveryhardtostop.Nicotine尼古丁isadrug;asaresultCigarettescauseapowerfuladdiction.Itriedseveraltimestoquitonmyown--withoutsuccess.Imadeexcuses.Itoldmyself:Smokinghelpsmekeepmyfigure--i.e.Idon’tgainweightwhenIsmoke.Smokingnotonlyrelaxesmebutitalsohelpsmethinkclearly.I’mafreeliberatedwoman.IcansmokewhenIwantto. FinallyIranoutofexcuses--Imightsaymyexcuseswentupinsmoke.Ijoinedthe"StopSmoking"programatthelocalhospitalwhichalsoendedupinfailure. Thewriterdecidedtoquitsmokingpartlybecause
Smoking Since1939numerousstudieshavebeenconductedtodeterminewhethersmokingisahealthhazard.Thetrendoftheevidencehasbeenconsistentandindicatesthatthereisaserioushealthrisk.Researchteamshaveconductedstudiesthatshowbeyondallreasonabledoubtthattobaccosmokingisassociatedwithashortenedlifeexpectancy. Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostresearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentofcancerofthelungsandcancerofthethroatandisbelievedtoberelatedtocancerofsomeotherorgansofthebody.Malecigarettesmokershaveahigherdeathratefromheartdiseasethannon-smokingmales.Femalesmokersarethoughttobelessaffectedbecausetheydonotbreatheinthesmokesodeeply. Apartfromstatisticsitmightbehelpfultolookatwhatsmokingtobaccodoestothehumanbody.Smokeisamixtureofgasesvaporizedchemicalsminuteparticlesofashandothersolids.Thereisalsonicotinewhichispowerfulpoisonandblacktar.Assmokeisbreathedinallthosecomponentsformdepositsonthemembranesofthelungs.Onepointofconcentrationiswheretheairtubeandbronchusdivides.Mostlungcancerbeginsatthispoint. Filtersandlowtartobaccoareclaimedtomakesmokingtosomeextentsaferbuttheycanonlyslightlyreducenoteliminatethehazards. Itiseasytodeterminewhethersmokingishazardous.
TheAmericanFamily IntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecision**.Whenthechildrenare51enoughtheytakepartaswell.Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents.Theoldrulethat"childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard"israrely52andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo53theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldomexpectshischildrentolistentohim54questionandchildrenareencouragedtobe55atanearlyage.SomepeoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom56far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot57theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericansemphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto58theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave59theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoftenregardedasa60akindofweakdependence. Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious61fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanisexpectedtolive62theageof70Thejob-retirementageis6365.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand64theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeopleover65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.65themajorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessandlonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamilygroup. 63
TheAmericanFamily IntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecision**.Whenthechildrenare51enoughtheytakepartaswell.Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents.Theoldrulethat"childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard"israrely52andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo53theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldomexpectshischildrentolistentohim54questionandchildrenareencouragedtobe55atanearlyage.SomepeoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom56far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot57theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericansemphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto58theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave59theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoftenregardedasa60akindofweakdependence. Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious61fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanisexpectedtolive62theageof70Thejob-retirementageis6365.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand64theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeopleover65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.65themajorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessandlonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamilygroup. 61
{{*HTML*}}A?Thebluesisanemotionalsong??B?Theofficerwasgoodfornothing??C?theprisoners’songsdifferedfromthoseontapessungatconcertsandjazzsessions??D?Theyidentifiedthemselveswithitssingers??E?Couldcomeclosetothepoorandtheweak??F?ItwassungintheirnativelanguageBeinganinfantrysoldierthewriter______.
TeachingPoetryNopoemshouldeverbediscussedoranalyzeduntilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeoneteacherorstudent.Betterstillperhapsisthepracticeofreadingittwiceonceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheendsothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.Alldiscussionsofpoetryareinfactpreparationsforreadingitaloudandthereadingofthepoemisfinallythemosttellinginterpretationofitsuggestingtonerhythmandmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadthewordinhisorherownvoiceonrecordsoronfilmisobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitorbestofallreciting背诵it.Ihavecometothinkinfactthattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthananalyzingitifthereisn’ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryisacriticismoflifeandaheightening提升oflife.Itisanapproachtothetruthoffeelinganditcansaveyourlife.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon’tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnatureaboutitssoundaswellasitssenseandtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.Thephrasemakeroominthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby______.
TheAmericanFamily IntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecision**.Whenthechildrenare51enoughtheytakepartaswell.Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents.Theoldrulethat"childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard"israrely52andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo53theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldomexpectshischildrentolistentohim54questionandchildrenareencouragedtobe55atanearlyage.SomepeoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom56far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot57theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericansemphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto58theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave59theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoftenregardedasa60akindofweakdependence. Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious61fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanisexpectedtolive62theageof70Thejob-retirementageis6365.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand64theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeopleover65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.65themajorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessandlonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamilygroup. 65
{{*HTML*}}A．BoomingbusinessofCircuitCity??B．SuperiorqualityofconventionalDVDdiscs??C．AnintroductionofthenewsystemDivx??D．UnlimitedorpermanentplayofDivxdiscs??E?Disk-playtrackingandbillingsystems??F?ExpansionofthetitlesofDivxdiscsParagraph4______
{{*HTML*}}A．BoomingbusinessofCircuitCity??B．SuperiorqualityofconventionalDVDdiscs??C．AnintroductionofthenewsystemDivx??D．UnlimitedorpermanentplayofDivxdiscs??E?Disk-playtrackingandbillingsystems??F?ExpansionofthetitlesofDivxdiscsParagraph6______
MoreThanaRidetoSchoolTheNationalEducationAssociationclaimsTheschoolbusisamirrorofthecommunity.Theyfurtheraddthatunfortunatelywhatappearsontheexteriordoesnotalwaysreflecttherealityofachosencommunity.Theyarerightandsometimesitreflectsmore!JustaskLieslDensonRidingtheschoolbushasbeenmorethanaridetoschoolforLiesl.BruceHardyschoolbusdriverforAlthouseBusCompanyhasbeenLiesl’sbusdriversincekindergartenlastyearwhenLiesl’sfamilymovedtoParkesburg.Knowingherbuswentbyhernewresidencesherequestedtoridethesamebus.ThisyearLieslisaseniorandwillenjoyherlastyearridingthebus.ShesaysIt’sbeenagreatridesofar!Mybusdriverissocoolandhasalwaysbeenagoodfriendandagoodlistener.Sometimeswhenyou’reachildadultsdonotthinkthatwhatyouhavetosayisimportant.Mr.Hardyalwayslistenstowhatyouhavetosayandmakesyoufeelimportant.HerfriendsAshleyBatistaandAmandaWolfcagree.BraceHardyhasbeenmakingOctorarastudentsfeelspecialsince1975.Thisyearhewillcelebrate30yearsworkingforAlthouseBusTransportation.CompanyPresidentLarryAlthouseacknowledgesBruceHardy’soutstandingrecord.YoudonotcomebyemployeeslikeBrucethesedays;hehasnevermissedadayofworkandhasaperfectdrivingrecord.Recognizedin2000bythePennsylvaniaSchoolBusAssociationfordriving350000accidentfreemilesHardy’sreputationismadefurtherevidentthroughtherelationshipshehasmadewiththestudentsthatridehisbus.AlthousefurtheraddedAlthouseBusTransportationwasestablished70yearsagoandhasbeenprovidingqualitytransportationeversincemygrandfatherstartedthebusinesswithonebus.AlthouseBusTransportationisdelightedtohavetheopportunitytobringdistinctiveandsafeservicetoourlocalschoolandcommunityandlooksforwardtocontinuingtoprovidequalityserviceformanymoreyearstocome.Threegenerationsofbusinessisnotallthecompanyhasenjoyed.ThankstodriverslikeBruceHardytheyhavebeenbuildingrelationshipsthroughgenerations.Liesl’smotherCarolalsoenjoysfondmemoriesofridingBruceHardy’sbustotheOctoraraSchoolDistrict.WhofoundedAlthouseBusTransportation
Asawriterheturnedoutthreenovelsthatyear.
UpinSmoke IbegantosmokewhenIwasinhighschool.InfactIremembertheeveningIwasatagirlfriend’shouseandwewerewatchingamovie--aterriblyromanticmovie.Hetheheroofthemoviewasinloveshehisladywasbeautifulandtheywerebothsmoking.Myfriendhadonlytwocigarettesfromapackinhermother’spurseandshegaveonetome.Itwasmyfirsttime. Myparentsdidn’tcaremuch.Theybothsmokedandmyolderbrotherdidtoo.Mymothertoldmethatsmokersdon’tgrowtallbutIwasalready5’6"tallerthanmostoftheboysinmyclasssoIwashappytohearthat"fact.’Inschooltheteacherstalkedagainstsmokingbutthecigaretteadvertisementsweresoexciting.Themenintheadsweresogood-lookingandsosuccessfulandthewomenwere--welltheywerebeautifulandsophisticated老于世故的. IreadabookcalledHowtoStopSmoking.Thewritersaidthatsmokingwastestimeandthatcigarettescostalotofmoney."Sowhat"Ithought.Thebookdidn’tsaythatsmokingcantakeawayyearsofyourlife.Buttenyearslatereveryonebegantohearaboutthenegativeeffectsofcigarettesmoke:lungdiseasecancerandheartproblems.Afterthattherewasahealthwarningoneverypackofcigarettes.Ididn’tpaymuchattentiontothereportsandwarnings.IfelthealthyandIthoughtIwastakinggoodcareofmyself. Thentwoeventschangedmymind.FirstIstartedtocough.Ithoughtitwasjustacoldbutitdidn’tgetbetter.Secondmybrothergotlungcancer.Hegotsickerandsicker.MybrotherandIusedtosmokecigarettestogetherovertwentyyearsagoandwesmokedourlastcigarettestogetherthedaybeforehedied.IsatwithhiminhishospitalroomandIdecidedtoquit."NOmorecigarettesever"Isaidtomyself. Howeveritwasveryhardtostop.Nicotine尼古丁isadrug;asaresultCigarettescauseapowerfuladdiction.Itriedseveraltimestoquitonmyown--withoutsuccess.Imadeexcuses.Itoldmyself:Smokinghelpsmekeepmyfigure--i.e.Idon’tgainweightwhenIsmoke.Smokingnotonlyrelaxesmebutitalsohelpsmethinkclearly.I’mafreeliberatedwoman.IcansmokewhenIwantto. FinallyIranoutofexcuses--Imightsaymyexcuseswentupinsmoke.Ijoinedthe"StopSmoking"programatthelocalhospitalwhichalsoendedupinfailure. ThefactinParagraph2refersto
{{*HTML*}}A?Thebluesisanemotionalsong??B?Theofficerwasgoodfornothing??C?theprisoners’songsdifferedfromthoseontapessungatconcertsandjazzsessions??D?Theyidentifiedthemselveswithitssingers??E?Couldcomeclosetothepoorandtheweak??F?ItwassungintheirnativelanguageThesentencenoneofthemwaslikethismeans______.
TheAmericanFamily IntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecision**.Whenthechildrenare51enoughtheytakepartaswell.Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents.Theoldrulethat"childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard"israrely52andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo53theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldomexpectshischildrentolistentohim54questionandchildrenareencouragedtobe55atanearlyage.SomepeoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom56far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot57theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericansemphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto58theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave59theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoftenregardedasa60akindofweakdependence. Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious61fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanisexpectedtolive62theageof70Thejob-retirementageis6365.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand64theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeopleover65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.65themajorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessandlonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamilygroup. 51
Whenthecaraccidenthappenedwewereallhorrified.
TeachingPoetryNopoemshouldeverbediscussedoranalyzeduntilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeoneteacherorstudent.Betterstillperhapsisthepracticeofreadingittwiceonceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheendsothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.Alldiscussionsofpoetryareinfactpreparationsforreadingitaloudandthereadingofthepoemisfinallythemosttellinginterpretationofitsuggestingtonerhythmandmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadthewordinhisorherownvoiceonrecordsoronfilmisobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitorbestofallreciting背诵it.Ihavecometothinkinfactthattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthananalyzingitifthereisn’ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryisacriticismoflifeandaheightening提升oflife.Itisanapproachtothetruthoffeelinganditcansaveyourlife.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon’tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnatureaboutitssoundaswellasitssenseandtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.AccordingtothewriteroneofthepurposesofteachingEnglishistogetstudents______.
Smoking Since1939numerousstudieshavebeenconductedtodeterminewhethersmokingisahealthhazard.Thetrendoftheevidencehasbeenconsistentandindicatesthatthereisaserioushealthrisk.Researchteamshaveconductedstudiesthatshowbeyondallreasonabledoubtthattobaccosmokingisassociatedwithashortenedlifeexpectancy. Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostresearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentofcancerofthelungsandcancerofthethroatandisbelievedtoberelatedtocancerofsomeotherorgansofthebody.Malecigarettesmokershaveahigherdeathratefromheartdiseasethannon-smokingmales.Femalesmokersarethoughttobelessaffectedbecausetheydonotbreatheinthesmokesodeeply. Apartfromstatisticsitmightbehelpfultolookatwhatsmokingtobaccodoestothehumanbody.Smokeisamixtureofgasesvaporizedchemicalsminuteparticlesofashandothersolids.Thereisalsonicotinewhichispowerfulpoisonandblacktar.Assmokeisbreathedinallthosecomponentsformdepositsonthemembranesofthelungs.Onepointofconcentrationiswheretheairtubeandbronchusdivides.Mostlungcancerbeginsatthispoint. Filtersandlowtartobaccoareclaimedtomakesmokingtosomeextentsaferbuttheycanonlyslightlyreducenoteliminatethehazards. Filtersandlowtartobaccomakesmokingsafe.
TheAmericanFamily IntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecision**.Whenthechildrenare51enoughtheytakepartaswell.Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents.Theoldrulethat"childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard"israrely52andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo53theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldomexpectshischildrentolistentohim54questionandchildrenareencouragedtobe55atanearlyage.SomepeoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom56far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot57theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericansemphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto58theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave59theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoftenregardedasa60akindofweakdependence. Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious61fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanisexpectedtolive62theageof70Thejob-retirementageis6365.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand64theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeopleover65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.65themajorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessandlonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamilygroup. 53
Smoking Since1939numerousstudieshavebeenconductedtodeterminewhethersmokingisahealthhazard.Thetrendoftheevidencehasbeenconsistentandindicatesthatthereisaserioushealthrisk.Researchteamshaveconductedstudiesthatshowbeyondallreasonabledoubtthattobaccosmokingisassociatedwithashortenedlifeexpectancy. Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostresearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentofcancerofthelungsandcancerofthethroatandisbelievedtoberelatedtocancerofsomeotherorgansofthebody.Malecigarettesmokershaveahigherdeathratefromheartdiseasethannon-smokingmales.Femalesmokersarethoughttobelessaffectedbecausetheydonotbreatheinthesmokesodeeply. Apartfromstatisticsitmightbehelpfultolookatwhatsmokingtobaccodoestothehumanbody.Smokeisamixtureofgasesvaporizedchemicalsminuteparticlesofashandothersolids.Thereisalsonicotinewhichispowerfulpoisonandblacktar.Assmokeisbreathedinallthosecomponentsformdepositsonthemembranesofthelungs.Onepointofconcentrationiswheretheairtubeandbronchusdivides.Mostlungcancerbeginsatthispoint. Filtersandlowtartobaccoareclaimedtomakesmokingtosomeextentsaferbuttheycanonlyslightlyreducenoteliminatethehazards. Smokingmayinducelungcancer.
TheAmericanFamily IntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecision**.Whenthechildrenare51enoughtheytakepartaswell.Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents.Theoldrulethat"childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard"israrely52andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo53theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldomexpectshischildrentolistentohim54questionandchildrenareencouragedtobe55atanearlyage.SomepeoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom56far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot57theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericansemphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto58theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave59theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoftenregardedasa60akindofweakdependence. Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious61fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanisexpectedtolive62theageof70Thejob-retirementageis6365.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand64theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeopleover65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.65themajorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessandlonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamilygroup. 57
TeachingPoetryNopoemshouldeverbediscussedoranalyzeduntilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeoneteacherorstudent.Betterstillperhapsisthepracticeofreadingittwiceonceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheendsothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.Alldiscussionsofpoetryareinfactpreparationsforreadingitaloudandthereadingofthepoemisfinallythemosttellinginterpretationofitsuggestingtonerhythmandmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadthewordinhisorherownvoiceonrecordsoronfilmisobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitorbestofallreciting背诵it.Ihavecometothinkinfactthattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthananalyzingitifthereisn’ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryisacriticismoflifeandaheightening提升oflife.Itisanapproachtothetruthoffeelinganditcansaveyourlife.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon’tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnatureaboutitssoundaswellasitssenseandtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.Tohaveabetterunderstandingofapoemoneshould______.
MoreThanaRidetoSchoolTheNationalEducationAssociationclaimsTheschoolbusisamirrorofthecommunity.Theyfurtheraddthatunfortunatelywhatappearsontheexteriordoesnotalwaysreflecttherealityofachosencommunity.Theyarerightandsometimesitreflectsmore!JustaskLieslDensonRidingtheschoolbushasbeenmorethanaridetoschoolforLiesl.BruceHardyschoolbusdriverforAlthouseBusCompanyhasbeenLiesl’sbusdriversincekindergartenlastyearwhenLiesl’sfamilymovedtoParkesburg.Knowingherbuswentbyhernewresidencesherequestedtoridethesamebus.ThisyearLieslisaseniorandwillenjoyherlastyearridingthebus.ShesaysIt’sbeenagreatridesofar!Mybusdriverissocoolandhasalwaysbeenagoodfriendandagoodlistener.Sometimeswhenyou’reachildadultsdonotthinkthatwhatyouhavetosayisimportant.Mr.Hardyalwayslistenstowhatyouhavetosayandmakesyoufeelimportant.HerfriendsAshleyBatistaandAmandaWolfcagree.BraceHardyhasbeenmakingOctorarastudentsfeelspecialsince1975.Thisyearhewillcelebrate30yearsworkingforAlthouseBusTransportation.CompanyPresidentLarryAlthouseacknowledgesBruceHardy’soutstandingrecord.YoudonotcomebyemployeeslikeBrucethesedays;hehasnevermissedadayofworkandhasaperfectdrivingrecord.Recognizedin2000bythePennsylvaniaSchoolBusAssociationfordriving350000accidentfreemilesHardy’sreputationismadefurtherevidentthroughtherelationshipshehasmadewiththestudentsthatridehisbus.AlthousefurtheraddedAlthouseBusTransportationwasestablished70yearsagoandhasbeenprovidingqualitytransportationeversincemygrandfatherstartedthebusinesswithonebus.AlthouseBusTransportationisdelightedtohavetheopportunitytobringdistinctiveandsafeservicetoourlocalschoolandcommunityandlooksforwardtocontinuingtoprovidequalityserviceformanymoreyearstocome.Threegenerationsofbusinessisnotallthecompanyhasenjoyed.ThankstodriverslikeBruceHardytheyhavebeenbuildingrelationshipsthroughgenerations.Liesl’smotherCarolalsoenjoysfondmemoriesofridingBruceHardy’sbustotheOctoraraSchoolDistrict.HowlonghasBruceHardybeenworkingforAlthouseBusTransportation
TheAmericanFamily IntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecision**.Whenthechildrenare51enoughtheytakepartaswell.Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents.Theoldrulethat"childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard"israrely52andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo53theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldomexpectshischildrentolistentohim54questionandchildrenareencouragedtobe55atanearlyage.SomepeoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom56far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot57theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericansemphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto58theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave59theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoftenregardedasa60akindofweakdependence. Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious61fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanisexpectedtolive62theageof70Thejob-retirementageis6365.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand64theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeopleover65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.65themajorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessandlonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamilygroup. 59
Smoking Since1939numerousstudieshavebeenconductedtodeterminewhethersmokingisahealthhazard.Thetrendoftheevidencehasbeenconsistentandindicatesthatthereisaserioushealthrisk.Researchteamshaveconductedstudiesthatshowbeyondallreasonabledoubtthattobaccosmokingisassociatedwithashortenedlifeexpectancy. Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostresearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentofcancerofthelungsandcancerofthethroatandisbelievedtoberelatedtocancerofsomeotherorgansofthebody.Malecigarettesmokershaveahigherdeathratefromheartdiseasethannon-smokingmales.Femalesmokersarethoughttobelessaffectedbecausetheydonotbreatheinthesmokesodeeply. Apartfromstatisticsitmightbehelpfultolookatwhatsmokingtobaccodoestothehumanbody.Smokeisamixtureofgasesvaporizedchemicalsminuteparticlesofashandothersolids.Thereisalsonicotinewhichispowerfulpoisonandblacktar.Assmokeisbreathedinallthosecomponentsformdepositsonthemembranesofthelungs.Onepointofconcentrationiswheretheairtubeandbronchusdivides.Mostlungcancerbeginsatthispoint. Filtersandlowtartobaccoareclaimedtomakesmokingtosomeextentsaferbuttheycanonlyslightlyreducenoteliminatethehazards. Malesmokershavealowerdeathratefromheartdiseasethanfemalesmokers.
Therearenoticestothecontraryagreatdealoftechnicalwritingisatbestawkwardandatworstactuallyunclear.
TheAmericanFamily IntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecision**.Whenthechildrenare51enoughtheytakepartaswell.Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness宽容ofAmericanparents.Theoldrulethat"childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard"israrely52andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo53theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldomexpectshischildrentolistentohim54questionandchildrenareencouragedtobe55atanearlyage.SomepeoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom56far.Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot57theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericansemphasizetheimportanceofindependenceyoungpeopleareexpectedto58theirparentalfamiliesbythetimetheyhave59theirlateteensorearlytwenties.Indeednottodosoisoftenregardedasa60akindofweakdependence. Thispatternofindependenceoftenresultsinserious61fortheagingparentsofasmallfamily.TheaverageAmericanisexpectedtolive62theageof70Thejob-retirementageis6365.Thechildrenhavelefthomemarriedand64theirownhouseholds.Atleast20percentofallpeopleover65donothaveenoughretirementincomes.65themajorproblemofmanyelderlycouplesisnoteconomic.Theyfeeluselessandlonelywithneitheranoccupationnoraclosefamilygroup. 55
Idon'tfeelsecurewhenIamaloneinthehouse.
Theplanewillbetakingoffinapproximately10minutes.
Theoncebarrenhillsidesarenowgoodfarmland.
IgotanotefromMoiraurgingmetogetintouch.
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