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My wife and I moved into our home two years ago. We had a yard with a lot of 41 . Very often when w...
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高中英语《海南省海南师范大学附属中学2016届高三第九次月考考试试题及答案》真题及答案
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Runnersinarelay接力racepassastickinonedirection.HowevermerchantspassedsilkgoldfruitandglassalongtheSilkRoadinmorethanonedirection.TheyearnedtheirlivingbytravelingthefamousSilkRoaD.TheSilkRoadwasnotasimpletradingnetwork.Itpassedthroughthousandsofcitiesandtowns.ItstartedfromeasternChinaacrossCentralAsiaandtheMiddleEastandendedintheMediterraneanSeA.Itwasusedfromabout200B.C.toabout1300A.D.whenseatravelofferednewroutes路线.Itwassometimescalledtheworld’slongesthighway.HowevertheSilkRoadwasmadeupofmanyroutesnotonesmoothpath.Theypassedthroughwhatarenow18countries.Theroutescrossedmountainsanddesertsandhadmanydangersofhotsundeepsnowandevenbattles.OnlyexperiencedtraderscouldreturnsafE.TheSilkRoadgotitsnamefromitsmostprizedproduct.Silkcouldbeusedlikemoneytopaytaxesorbuygoods.Butthetraderscarriedmorethanjustsilk.GoldsilverandglassfromEuropeweremuchfoundintheMiddleEastandAsiA.HorsestradedfromotherareaschangedfarmingpracticesinChinA.Indianmerchantstradedsaltandothervaluablegoods.ChinesemerchantstradedpaperwhichproducedanimmediateeffectontheWest.ApplestraveledfromcentralAsiatoRomE.TheChinesehadlearnedtograft嫁接differenttreestogethertomakenewkindsoffruit.TheypassedthisscienceontoothersincludingtheRomans.TheRomansusedgraftingtogrowtheapplE.TradingalongtheSilkRoadledtoworld-widebusiness2000yearsbeforetheWorldWideWeB.ThepeoplealongtheSilkRoaddidnotsharejustgoods.Theyalsosharedtheirbeliefs.TheSilkRoadprovidedpathwaysforlearningdiplomacy外交andreligionzōng jiāo .61.It’sprobablethattradersalongtheSilkRoadneeded.A.toremembertheentiretraderouteB.toknowthemakingofproductsC.toreceivecertainspecialtrainingD.todealwithalotofdifficulties62.TheSilkRoadbecamelessimportantbecause.A.itwasmadeupofdifferentroutesB.silktradingbecamelesspopularC.seatravelprovidedeasierroutesD.peopleneededfewerforeigngoods63.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3referto?A.Silk.B.Atradingnetwork.C.Theworld’slongesthighway.D.Goods.k.s.5.u64.NewtechnologiescouldtravelalongtheSilkRoadbecausepeople.A.learnedfromoneanotherB.sharedeachother’sbeliefsC.tradedgoodsalongtherouteD.earnedtheirlivingbytraveling65.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheSilkRoad:PastandPresentB.TheSilkRoad:EastMeetsWestC.TheSilkRoad:RoutesFullofDangersD.TheSilkRoad:PathwaysforLearning
EveryyearthousandsoftouristsvisitPompeiiItaly.TheyseethesightsthatPompeiiisfamousfor―itsstadium露天大型运动场andtheatresitsshopsandrestaurants.ThetouristsdonothoweverseePompeii’speoplE.TheydonotseethembecausePompeiihasnopeoplE.NoonehaslivedinPompeiiforalmost2000years.OncePompeiiwasabusycityof22000peoplE.ItlayatthefootofMountVesuviusagrass-coveredvolcano.MountVesuviushadnoteruptedforcenturiessothepeopleofPompeiifeltsafE.Buttheywerenot.InAugustofAD79MountVesuviuserupteD.Theentiretopofthemountainexplodedandahugeblackcloudroseintotheair.SoonstonesandhotashbegantofallonPompeii.WhentheeruptionendedtwodayslaterPompeiiwasburiedunder20feetofstonesandashes.AlmostallofitspeopleweredeaD.ForcenturiesPompeiilayburiedunderstoneandash.Thenintheyear1861anItalianscientistnamedGinseppebegantouncoverPompeii.SlowlycarefullyGinseppeandhismendug.ThecitylookedalmostthesameasithadlookedinAD79.Therewerestreetsandfountains喷泉housesandshops.Therewasastadiumwith20000seats.PerhapsthemostimportantofalltherewereeverydayobjectswhichtellusagreatdealaboutthepeoplewholivedinPompeii.ManyglassesandjarshadsomedarkbluecolourinthebottomsoweknowthatthepeopleofPompeiilikedwinE.Theylikedbreadtoo;metalbreadpanswereineverybakery.Inonebakerytherewere81roundflatloavesofbread―atypeofbreadthatisstillsoldinItalytoday.Tinyboxesfilledwithadarkshinypowdertellusthatwomenlikedtoweareyemakeup.Ginseppehasdiedbuthisworkcontinues.One-fourthhasnotbeenuncoveredyet.ScientistsarestilldiggingstillmakingdiscoveriesthatdrawthetouriststoPompeii.WhydolargenumbersofpeoplecometoPompeiieachyear?A.TovisitthevolcanoB.ToshopandeatthereC.TowatchsportsandplaysD.TowatchhowPompeiianslivedWhyhadsomanyPompeiiansremainedbyvolcanicMountVesuvius?A.Thecitynearbyofferedallkindsoffun.B.TheareaproducedthefinestwineinItaly.C.Fewpeopleexpectedthevolcanotoeruptagain.D.Themountainwasbeautifulandcoveredwithgrass.WhydidthecityuncoveredlookalmostthesameasithadlookedinAD79?A.BecauseGinseppeandhismendugitslowlyandcarefully.B.BecausethecitywasburiedaliveandremaineduntoucheD.C.Becausescientistssuccessfullyrebuiltthecitywitheverydayobjects.D.BecausenobodyhadlivedinthecityeversincethevolcanoerupteD.WhatdoweknowaboutthePompeiianswholived2000yearsago?A.TheylivedmoreorlessthesameasItaliansnowdo.B.Theylikedwomenwearingallkindsofmakeup.C.Theyenjoyedagoodlifewithdrinkingandeating.D.TheywentbacktoPompeiiaftertheeruptioninAD79.
In1943duringtheSecondWorldWarthebodyofanEnglishmanWilliamMartinwasdiscoveredofftheSpanishcoast.ThepapershehasbeencarryingwerereturnedtoEnglandwheretheywerecarefullyexamineD.TheyhadclearlybeenchangedandthatwasexactlywhattheBritishhadhopedwouldhappenforMartinwasatrickdesignedtofooltheGermans.Martindidnotexist.ThebodywasthatofasailorwholookedasthoughhehaddiedwhenhisboatsankbutinfacthehadbeenillanddieD.LeavingtheboattogodownhisparentsallowedthedeadbodytobeputintotheseanearSpain.ItwashopedthattheGermanswouldfinditandreadthefake假的papershecarrieD.ThepaperssaidthattheBritishwouldattacktheislandofSardiniawheninfacttheyplannedtoattacktheislandofSicity.Thetrickwassuccessful.WhentheBritishlandedonSicitymostoftheheavyGermangunshadbeenmovedtodefend保卫SardiniA.65._______putthepapersonthedeadman.A.TheBritishB.GermanspiesC.SpanishsoldiersD.WilliamMartin66.WhentheGermansfoundWilliamMartintheyprobablythoughthe_________.A.wasaBritishspywithimportantinformationaboutthewarB.waskilledbytheBritishsoldiersC.diedofanillnessD.hadthefakepapersoftheBritishArmy67.WhentheBritishfoundoutthepaperswerechangedtheyconcluded_________.A.MartindidexistB.MartinwasaGermanspyC.theGermanshadreadthepapersD.TheyshouldattackSardinia68.Whichoftheorderisrightaccordingtothispassage?__________.A.TheGermansfoundthedeadatseA.B.TheBritishdecidedtousethedeadbodytofooltheGermans.C.TheBritishplannedtoattackSicily.D.ThepapersonMartinwasbroughttoLondontobeexamineD.E.TheGermansfoundthefakepapersonthedeadbody.f.TheGermansdecidedtodefendSardiniA.g.TheGermansbelievedthepapers.A.C.B.A.E.g.f.D.B.C.A.B.D.g.f.E.C.A.C.B.g.f.E.D.D.B.C.A.g.E.f.D.
BWhenaSwedishshipthatsankin1628wasrecoveredfromtheportofStockholmhistoriansandscientistswereoverjoyedwiththechancetoexaminetheremainsofthepast.Theshipconstructionshowedhowshipswerebuiltandoperatedduringtheseventeenthcentury.Inthiswayartifactsobjectsmadebyhumanbeingsprovidedapictureofdailylifealmost400yearsago.Underwaterarchaeology–thestudyofshipsaircraftandhumansettlementsthathavesunkunderlargebodiesofwater—isreallyaproductofthelast50years.Therapidgrowthofthisnewareaofstudyhasoccurredbecauseoftheinventionofbetterdivingequipment.BesidestheSwedishshipwreck残骸underwaterarchaeologistshavemademoreexcitingdiscoveriessuchasthe5000-year-oldboatsintheMediterraneanSeA.Underwaterarchaeologycanprovidefactsaboutthepast.Inancientportsallovertheworldareshipssunkeninthepast6000years.Therearealsosunkensettlementsinseasandlakestellingofpeople’swayoflifeandtheirsystemsoftradeinancienttimes.Underwaterarchaeologistswanttostudytheseobjectstoaddtotheworld’sknowledgeofhistorybuttheyhavetofighttwoenemies.Oneenemyistreasurehunterswhodiveforancientartifactsthattheycanselltocollectors.Oncesoldtheseobjectsarelosttoexperts.Thesecondenemyisdredgingmachines挖掘机oftenusedtorepairports.ThesemachinesdestroywrecksandartifactsorburythemdeeperundersandandmuD.Byteachingthepublicabouttheimportanceofunderwatermuseumsofthepastarchaeologistsarehopingtogetsupportforlawstoprotectunderwatertreasures.59.WhatpurposedoesParagraph1serveinthepassage?A.ToprovidebackgroundinformationofthetopiC.B.Toattractreaders’attentiontothetopiC.C.TouseanexampletosupportthetopiC.D.ToofferbasicknowledgeofthetopiC.60.Theaimofunderwaterarchaeologyisto___________.A.exploitwaterbodiesB.searchforunderwaterlifeC.studyunderwaterartifactsD.examineunderwaterenvironment61.Underwaterarchaeologistsareworriedbecause___________.A.seahuntershavebetterdivingequipmentB.theirknowledgeofworldhistoryislimitedC.dredgingmachinescausedamagetotheportsD.soldartifactscanhardlyberegainedforresearch62.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.tointroduceayoungbranchoflearning.B.Todiscussthescientists’problems.C.Toexplainpeople’swayoflifeinthepast.D.Todescribethesunkenships.
Inthe1960smedicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistofstressfulevents.Theyfoundoutthatanymajorchangecanbestressful.Negativeeventslikeseriousillnessofafamilymemberwerehighonthelistbutsoweresomepositivelife-changingeventslikemarriagE.WhenyoutaketheHolmes-Rahetestyoumustrememberthatthescoredoesnotshowhowyoudealwithstress—itonlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith.Andwenowknowthatthewayyoudealwiththeseeventshasagreateffectonyourchancesofstayinghealthy.Bytheearly1970shundredsofsimilarstudieshadfollowedHolmesandRahE.AndmillionsofAmericanswhoworkandliveunderstressworriedoverthereports.SomehowtheresearchgotboileddowntoamemorablemessagE.Women'smagazinesranheadlineslikeStresscausesillnesses.Ifyouwanttostayphysicallyandmentallyhealthythearticlessaidavoidstressfulevents.Butsuchsimplisticadviceisimpossibletofollow.venifstressfuleventsaredangerousmany—likethedeathofalovedone—areimpossibletoavoiD.Moreoveranywarningtoavoidallstressfuleventsisaprescription处方forstayingawayfromopportunitiesaswellastroublE.SinceanychangecanbestressfulapersonwhowantedtobecompletelyfreeofstresswouldnevermarryhaveachildtakeanewjobormovE.TheideathatallstressmakesyousickalsotakesnonoticeofwhatweknowaboutpeoplE.Itissupposedthatwe'reallweakandpassiveinthefaceofdifficulty.ButmanycomethroughperiodsofstresswithmorephysicalandmentalstrengththantheyhadbeforE.WealsoknowthatalongtimewithoutchangeorchallengecanleadtoboredomandphysicalandmentaldamagE.TheresultofHolmes-Rahe'smedicalresearchtellsus_______.A.thewayofdealingwithmajoreventsmaycausestressB.whatshouldbedonetoavoidstressC.whatkindofeventwouldcausestressD.howtodealwithsuddenchangesinlifeThestudiesonstressintheearly1970'sledto_______.A.widespreadworryoveritsharmfuleffectsB.greatfearaboutthementalproblemsitcouldcauseC.adeepresearchintoillnessesconnectedwithstressD.popularavoidanceofstressfuljobsAccordingtothepassagepeoplewhohaveexperiencedupsanddownsmaybecome_______.A.discouragedwhenfacedwithdifficultyB.physicallyandmentallyweakC.moreexperiencedinthefaceofdifficultyD.uninterestedinwhathappenstothemWhat'sthepurposeofwritingthetext?A.Totellpeoplethediscoveriesaboutstress.B.Totellpeoplehowtokeephealthy.C.Tohelppeopleavoidstressfulevents.D.Tohelppeopleviewstressproperly.
Intheyear480BCtheGreekallies联军facedinvasionbytheKingofPersiaXerxeswhocommandedahugearmyofabouthalfamillionmen.WhenthePersianarmymarchedintonorthernGreecetheGreekstatesledbyAthensandSpartawereillequippedtodealwiththethreat.ThePersianswerewellsuppliedwithfoodandweapons.Theirarmyincludedinfantrycavalryandalargenavy.ItseemedthattheywouldeasilydefeattheGreeks.TheGreekalliesdecidedtosend10000mennorthwardstoslowdownthePersianswhiletherestpreparedtodefendtheirhomelands.A.groupof300bestSpartansoldierswerechosentoleadtheforcegoingnorthwithLeonidasincommanD.LeonidasrealizedthattheonlyhopeofslowingthePersianswouldbetoblockthenarrowpassageoflandatThermopylaE.ThePassofThermopylaewastheroutebetweenthemountainsandtheseaandwassonarrowthatonlyafewmencouldgetthroughatatimE.WhenthePersianarmyarrivedatThermopylaetheyfoundLeonidas'tinyarmyopposingthem.ThePersiansattackedbutcouldnotgetthrough.TheyattackedagainandagainbuteachtimetheyweredrivenbackbytheGreeksledbythefearlessSpartans.Leonidas'planworkedwelluntilaGreektraitorcalledEphialteswentmXerxes.HetoldthePersiankingaboutagoat'spathinthemountainsthatwouldtakethePersianarmypastThermopylaE.WhenLeonidassawtheenemycrossingthemountainsherealizedthathecouldnolongerholdThermopylaE.HesentalltheGreeksoldiersexceptthe300Spartansbacktotheirhomelands.TheSpartanswaitedforthe500000Persiansatthegoat’spath.AlthoughhopelesslyoutnumberedtheSpartansfoughtbravely.TheyalldiedbuttheotherGreekswereabletogethometostrengthenthedefenses.61.ComparedwiththePersianarmytheGreekallieswerevery________.A.powerfulB.wiseC.weakD.foolish62.ThePassofThermopylaewasveryimportantfortheGreeksbecause__A.itwaseasytoholdbuthardtoattackB.onlyverysmallboatscouldgetthroughitC.itwasasecretpassunknowntothePersiansD.ahugenumberofsoldierscouldbestationedthere63.WhydidLeonidassendmostofhissoldiersbacktotheirhomelands?A.Becausetheirhomelandswereunderattack.B.Becausehefoundtheywerenotbraveenough.C.BecausethePersiansgaveupattackingThermopylaE.D.BecausehefounditimpossibletoholdThermopylaE.64.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtureaccordingtothepassage?A.Leonidaswasagreatcommander.B.ThePersiansfailedtopassThermopylaE.C.Ephialtesbetrayedhisowncountry.D.The300SpatanswouldberegardedasheroesbytheGreeks.65.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheGreekAlliesB.TheGoat’sPathC.TheKingofPersiaD.XerxesandEphialtes
Peoplecanenjoyvisitingsomemajorimperialtemples帝王庙宇whereemperorsworshippednatureonvarioussacreddays??TempleofMoonYuetanBuiltin1530theroughly8hectareTempleofMoonorYuetanParktowestoftheimperialcitywasthesiteofimperialsacrificestothemoon.InthepastdecadesbushesandfruittreeshavebeenplantedherE.In1969a180meter--alltelevisionbroadcastingtowerwaserectedintheparktakingupaboutoneeighthofitstotalspace??Openinghours6am～9pmLocation6YuetanBeijieXichengDistrict.Busestogetthere1519823.TempleofEarthDitanTheTempleofEarthorDitanParkneartheNorthSecondRingRoadiswhereemperorsprayedtotheearthforfavorableweatherandnationalprosperity.BuiltduringtheMingDynastyin1530itistheonlyexistingplacetoworshiptheearth.Thesurroundingareashavebecomeanopenspaceforpeopletoengageinleisurelyactivities.Sincethelate1980straditionaltemplefairhavebeenheldhereregularlyduringtheChineselunarnewyear.Openinghours6am～9pmLocationA2Di’anmenwaiChaoyangDistrict.Busestogetthere:104108116ortakethesubwaytogetoffatYonghegongtogonorth.TempleofSunRitanTheTempleofSunorRitanParkineasternBeijingislocatedneartheJianguomenareaandadjacent邻近的embassydistrict.ItisashortwalkfromtheYong'anlisubwaystationontheLine1.Thealtar祭坛wasbuiltinl530asaplaceforemperorstomakeritualsacrificestothesun.ItfeaturesexpansivegardensandasmalllakE.Amural壁画wallthepark’smainscenicattractionnowwasapieceofartworkcreatedabout20yearsagotodrawmoresightseers.Theparkisalsoknownforitsblossominglotuses.Openinghours6am～9pmLocation6RitanBeiluChaoyangDistrict.Busestogetthere14284357.120.Whatkindofpeopleisthetextmainlywrittenfor?A.Parents.B.Students.C.Tourists.D.Teachers-YoucantakeaNo.______busifyouwanttovisitTheTempleofSunA.19B.104C.108D.120Ifyouwanttoworshiptheearthyoumustgoto_____.A.YuetanParkB.DitanParkC.RitanParkD.BeiluParkThepurposeofbuildingamuralwallinRitanParkwasto_____.A.defendtheparkB.preventpeoplefromcomingintotheparkC.attractmoresightseersD.makeritualsacrificestothesun
ThefirstbullettraindesignedandmanufacturedinChinawithaspeedof300kilometersperhourroiledofftheproductionlineonSaturdaymorning.Thetrainwasthelatestmodelinthecountry'sChinaRailwayHigh-speedCRHSeries.ThismarksthatChinahasjoinedaleadingworldclubafterJapanFranceandGermanytobecomethefourthcountrycapableofturningoutsuchhighspeedtrains.PreviouslyChina'sfastestselfdevelopedtrainsranataservicespeedofupto250kmperhour.ThosetrainswhichpresentedtopubliconApril18servedtheBeijing-HarbinBeijing-ShanghaiandBeijing-Guangzhouroutes.Thenewstreamlinedtrainwasmadeofaluminumalloy铝合金.Thetrainbodywasthelightestofitskindintheworld;Suchadesignwasforthesakeofenergyeconomization.Thetrain'spowerwas12.7kilowattslowerthanotherhigh-speedtrainswhichwasnormallyabout15kilowatts.Thenewtrainwhichfeaturesabarinthediningcaranddouble-facedLCDTVscreensinthefirst-classcarswasequippedwithshockabsorbersbetweencarriages.Asthetrainisrunningatahighspeedtheshockabsorbersareusedtoreduceshockingforceandrockingofthetrainbody.A.trainwitheightcarriagescouldseatabout600passengers.Theywereexpectedtorunonthe115-kmBeijing-TianjinroutestartingfromAugustbeforetheBeijingOlympicGames.Itwouldreducethejourneytimefromthecurrent80minutestoaround30minutes.77.Fromthe1stparagraphwelearnthat_______.A.ThelatestmodelofCRHSeriesranataservicespeedofupto250kmperhourB.ChinabecamethefourthcountryintheworldabletoproducebullettrainsC.Thefirstself-developedbullettrainroiledofftheproductionlineataspeedof300kmperhourD.ChinahasjoinedaleadingworldclubconsistingofJapan;FranceandGermany78.Thenewbullettrain_______.A.hasbeenputintouseinChinaB.hasdouble-facedLCDTVsetsinfirstcarriageC.isslowerthanhigh-speedtrainsD.ismadeofthelightestmaterialintheworld79.Itinthelastparagraphrefersto_______.A.atrainwitheightcarriagesB.thespeedof115kmperhourC.theMinistryofRailwaysD.theuseofthenewtrain80.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinthispassagE.'?A.ThebullettrainsdesignedandmadeinChinahavebeenputintooperation.B.ThebullettrainsservemanyofthemainroutesbetweenbigcitiesinChinA.C.Thenewbullettrainsareequippedwithsomeadvancedfacilities.D.ThenewbullettrainsareexpectedtorunfortheBeijingOlympicGames.
TheblockbusterfilmTitanichasbroughtmillionsofdollarsandthousandsofpeopletothetheatersandcontinuestotouchpeopletodayintheirhomes.Whyisthisfilmsosuccessful?Itisacombinationofmanydifferentthings.Amongthesearemanydifferentelements.Lookingatsomeoftheseelementswillshowhowthedirectorandothersinvolvedwereabletocreateanemotionallychargedmoviethatappealedtomillions.Thefilmusesonethematic主题的elementcalledTheTruthofHumanNaturE.ThetwomaincharactersseemtorepresentnoblepeoplE.Mostoftheothercharactersinthefilmareshownasnon－tolerantrudeandcold－heartedpeoplE.Theelementoffocusingonthetwomaincharacters'loveandemotionseemssymbolicofanidealstatE.TherearealsosocialproblemsaddresseD.Thisisdoneinafewdifferentways.Themostnoticeablewayisthatthelowerclasspeopleremainlockedinthebasementastheshipgoesdown.ThroughoutTitanicthelightingisveryimportant.Thepoorlowerclasspeoplearealwaysshowninverywarm－coloredlightthatgivesthemasenseoflifeandhappiness.Ontheotherhandtherichupperclassarealwaysshowninaflatlightportrayingthefeelingofhardnessandcoldness.Byusingthesetechniquestheyshowtheissueofclasssegregation种族隔离andtheycreatestereotypes.Themaincharactersareabletobreakfreeofthesestereotypesandbetogether.Thisisthesolutiontothesegregationproblem.AsyoucanseeTitanictookalotofthinkingandpreparationtofilminamannerthatwouldcreateemotionandbringtothesurfacetheissuesandstoryofthegreatship.6.Theunderlinedwordblockbusterinthefirstparagraphprobablymeans________.A.somethingverysuccessfulB.ahighlyexplosivebombC.somethingworthalotofmoneyD.atouchingstory7.InTitanicthesceneofthelowerclasspeopleremaininglockedinthebasementastheshipgoesdownisusedto________.A.criticizenon－tolerantandcold－heartedrichpeopleB.enlargethespectacleofthefilmC.criticizetherealityofthesocietyD.emphasizetheconditionofthepooratthattime8.WhyweredifferentcolorsoflightusedinthefilmTitanic?A.Theywereusedtoshowthedifferencebetweentherichandthepoor.B.Thedirectorwasdeterminedtoachievegoodvisualeffect.C.Thesocialstatuswasrepresentedbythecoloroflightinthepast.D.Theuseoflightwasthemaintechniquethedirectormadeuseof.9.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Thesegregationprobleminthesocietycanbesolvedbyusingthelight.B.ThoughloveisthemainthemeofTitanicitalsoreflectssomesocialproblems.C.Becauseofthedirector'stalentsthefilmTitanicachievedgreatsuccess.D.InthefilmTitanictherearetwocharactersaltogether.10.Thewritermainlytalksabout________inthispassagE.A.theprocessofshootingTitanicB.theleadingactorandactressinTitanicC.themaintechniquesusedinTitanicD.theoutlineofTitanic
WhenScotsmanAlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876itwasarevolutionincommunication.Overthelasttwodecadesanewmeansofspokencommunicationhasemerged:themobilephonE.Themodernmobilephoneisamorecomplexversionofthetwo-wayradio.Traditionaltwo-wayradiowasaverylimitedmeansofcommunication.Assoonastheusersmovedoutofrangeofeachother'sbroadcastareathesignalwaslost.Inthe1940sresearchersbeganexperimentingwiththeideaofusinganumberofradiomasts天线杆locatedaroundtopickupsignalsfromtwo-wayradios.Acallerwouldalwaysbewithinrangeofoneofthemasts;whenheorshemovedtoofarawayfromonemastthenextmastwouldpickupthesignal.Scientistsreferredtoeachmast'sreceptionareaasbeingaseparatecell;thisiswhyin.manycountriesmobilephonesarecalledcellphones.Thefirstrealmobiletelephonecallwasmadein1973byDrMartinCooper.Assoonashisinventionwascompletedhetesteditbycallinganotherscientisttoannouncehissuccess.WithinadecademobilephonesbecameavailabletothepubliC.Theyhavechangedthewaywedoalotofthings.OnepowerfulfeatureistheShortMessageServiceSMSortextmessagE.It'stheperfectcommunicationmethodforthebusymodernlifestylE.Goingtobelate?Sendatextmessage!ThetextmessagehaschangedthewaywewriteinEnglish.Thelanguageconstructionbecamelessstrict.Traditionalrulesofgrammarandspellingaremuchlessimportantwhenyou'resittingonthebushurriedlytypingWillB.15mmlate-CU@thebar.Iwillbe15minuteslatetoseeyouatthebar.Sorry!.OverthelastfewyearsmobileshavebecomemoreandmoreadvanceD.WehaveseentheinstructionofcamerasglobalpositioningsystemandInternetaccess.AlexanderGrahamBellwouldbesurprisedifhecouldseehowfarthescienceoftelephonehasprogressedinlessthan150years.Ifhewerearoundtodayhemightsay:That’sgr8great!ButI'mbusyritenowIamverybusyrightnow.WillcallU2niteIwillcallyoutonight..Thewritingstyleofthepassageisaan___.A.narrativeB.descriptionC.essayD.reviewThearticleisintendedto___.A.warnpeopleofthepossiblerisksinusingmobilephonesB.informreadersofthehistoryandbenefitsofmobilephonesC.convincepeopleoftheusesofmobilephonesD.predicttheapplicationsofmobilephonesWhatdoyouthinkofthewriteraccordingtothelastparagraph.A.Humorous.B.IroniC.C.KinD.D.WorrieD.
OnDecember81980JohnLennon–anEnglishmusicianwhorosetofameasoneofthefoundingmembersofLiverpoolpopbandTheBeatles–wasshotdeadoutsidehisNewYorkapartment.Inthe1960sand70sLennonwasoneofthemosticonic偶像的menontheplanet.Some30yearsagoonfromhisdeathheisstillrespectedbymanypeopleintheWest.TheBeatlesformedin1960inLiverpoolwereoneofthemostcommercialsuccessfulactsonthehistoryofpopmusicwithaccordingtosomeestimatesglobalrecordsalesover1.1billion.ThebandconveyedtheprogressiveidealsinwhichmanyyoungpeopleofthetimebelieveD.Inthe1960sand70swidespreadtensiondevelopedinbothBritishandAmericansocietyregardingissuessuchaswomen’srightsandtheVietnamWar.LennoninparticularbecameknownforhismessageofpeaceandforhisoppositiontothewarinVietnam.ThisledtoanattemptbyformerUSpresidentRichardNixontodrivehimawayfromtheUS.Lennon’ssecond-wifeYokoOnowasalsopoliticallyactivE.Lennonwasalsohugelyadmiredforhismusicalabilities.Alongwithfellow-BeatlePaulLennonandMcCartneyweretheBeatle’ssong-writingteam.AfterLennonwasshotbycrazyfanMarkChapmanoneofhismosticonicsongsImaginebecameahumanistanthem颂歌.Lennon’slegacysurvivedhisdeathandcontinuedtillthisday.In2008hewasrankedthefifthgreatersingerofalltimeinUS-basedRollingStonemagazinE.FormerpossessionsofLennonorfurnishingsfromhishomescontinuetobesoldforvastsums.Inanauction拍卖tobeheldnextweekinLondonlineswrittenbyLennononthebackofademandforanoutstandingbillareexpectedtosellfor￡3500003.7millionyuan.InAugustabathroomfromhislasthomeinBritainwasauctionedfor￡9500.Andin2009aBritishfilmdescribinghisearlyyearsbeforetheBeatlesbeganwasoneofthemostsuccessfulfilmsoftheyearsintheUK.ButdoLennonandhismusiccontinuetoresonate共鸣withtheyoungpeopleoftoday?ThepassageiswrittenheretoshowthatLennonhas_______.A.lastingappealB.longhistoryC.excitingrecordsD.greatsuccessWhichofthefollowingisrightabouttheBeatlesaccordingtothepassage?A.Itwasfoundedinthe1960sinLondon.B.Ithad1.1billionsalesinBritain.C.Itwascommerciallysuccessful.D.Manyoftoday’syoungpeoplebelieveitsideals.LennonwasforcedtoleavetheUSasaresultof________.A.thetensionbetweenBritainandAmericaB.hiswife’spoliticalactivityC.hisstruggleforwomen’srightsD.hisoppositiontothewarinVietnamWecanguessthattherestofthepassagewilltellus________.A.whyLennonandhismusicarestillpopularwithtoday’syoungpeopleB.whyLennonandhismusicspoiltoday’sgenerationsofyoungpeopleC.thattoday’sgenerationsofyoungpeopledon’tlikeLennon’ssongsD.thattoday’sgenerationsofyoungpeoplelikeLennon’ssongsbetter
ManyfamouspaintersworkedinAntwerpduringthecity’speriodofgreatestpowerbutPeterPaulRubensisundoubtedlythemostfamousoneofthem.KnownasRubensHousethepalace-likeresidence大宅andstudiowhereRubensworkedandlivedfrom1616untilhisdeathin1640isnowoneofAntwerp’smostvisitedmuseums.AlmostalloftheworksRubensandhisstudentscreatedintheRubensHousehavebeendispersed分散overmajormuseumsacrossthewholeworldbutthereisstillanimpressivecollectionwellworththevisit.Besidespaintingsformthemasterhimselfyouwillfindotherworksofartandfurnitureofthe17thcenturyaswellaspaintingsfromhisstudentsincludingworksbyJacobJordaensandAnthonyVanDyck.TheRubensHousewasnotonlyastudiobutalsoameetingplacefortherichandfamous.Hisclients委托人includedwealthymerchantsdiplomatsandtherewerealsomanynoblemenwhooftenvisitedhisstudiotoseehowworkprogresseD.TheRubensHouseevenhadaspecialviewingareawhichallowedvisitorstoseetheartistsatwork.Rubenboughtthehouseatthebeginningofthe17thcenturyafterhiseight-year-longstayinItaly.InfluencedbyItalianarchitectureherebuiltthebuildingintoanItalian-styledpalacewithabeautifulgardenandmovedinthehousein1616.AfterhisdeaththebuildingwassolD.Newownersmodifiedthebuildinggreatlyandby1937whenthebuildingwaspurchasedbythecityofAntwerpithardlyresembledtheoriginalstructurE.TheimpressiveentrancehallwhichconnectedthestudioandtheresidenceisoneofthefewpartsthatsurviveD.OtherpartshavebeencarefullyrestoredandreconstructedafteroriginalplansandpaintingsofthehousE.AsamuseumtheRubensHouseispopularbecause_______.A.itliesinthefamouscityofAntwerpB.itholdsalltheworksbyRubensandhisstudentsC.therearemanypeoplewhoenjoyvisitingitD.RubensagreatartistlivedandworkedthereWecanlearnfromthethirdparagraphthat_______.A.theRubensHousewaspopularwithupper-classpeopleB.theRubensHousewasthebeststudioinitstimeC.Rubens’sstudentsincludednoblemenanddiplomatsD.peoplewerenotallowedtoviewtheartistsworkingWhatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.ThankstoitsgreatpaintersAntwerpbecamearichcity.B.RubenpossiblyshowedstronginterestinItalianbuildings.C.AntwerpmustbeahistoricalcityinItaly.D.TheRubensHousewascompletelyrebuiltbefore1937.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Rubenscreatedhisworksbyworkingwithhisstudents.B.A.beautifulgardenwasaddedtotheRubensHousebynewowners.C.TheRubensHouseisdecoratedwithfurnitureofthe17thcentury.D.Today’sRubensHouselookslikeitsoriginalstructurE.
ThetwintownsofLAUFEN/OBERNDORFLaufenowesitsformereconomicalandculturalsignificancetotheriverSalzachwhichformsapeninsulawithitssharpcurves弯therE.Laufen’seconomicboombeganwiththesalttradeandtheshippingontheriver.Thesalt—mainlycomingfromHalleinandBadReichenhall—wasloadedontobiggershipsdownstreamwhichmadeLaufenoneofthemostimportantportsofshipmentforsaltinSalzburgandBavariA.Thearchbishop大教主ofSalzburghadgivenspecialprivilegestothepeoplewhowereinvolvedintheshippingofsaltontheriverSalzach.TheNapoleonicWarsbroughtoccupationandseriousdisturbances.TheybroughtthesuddenendtotheindependentstateoftheDuke—ArchbishopofSalzburg.Theendofthe18thcenturybroughtadecreaseinshippingbecauseofthegeneraleconomicsituation.Onthe1stMay1816SalzburgdefinitivelybecameapartofAustriaMunichagreementthat’swhytheSalzachbecametheborderbetweenBavariaandAustriA.Laufen’ssuburbsOberndorfandAltachweredividedup.Thenumberofinhabitantsfellfrom1392to809.Eventhere－unificationofthetwotowns’shipsmen’sguilds行会andthereorganizationof1928couldnotpreventthedeclineofshippingwhichfinallycametoanendinthelate19thcentury.________playedanimportantroleinLaufen’seconomyandculturelifE.A.SaltB.ShipmentC.GuildsD.TheriverSalzachTheunderlinedwordboomprobablymeans________.A.pleasantsoundsB.suddenincreaseC.suddendecreaseD.tradeThemainideaofthispassageismainlyabout________.A.howtheeconomydeclinedinLaufenB.theeffectsofTheNapoleonicWarsC.howthetwintownsofLAUFENandOBERNDORFcameintobeingD.thehistoryofSalzburg
III.阅读共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑A1685wasaverygoodyearforGermancomposers.Withinthespaceofamonthtwoofthegreatestwereborn:JohannSebastianBachandGeorgeFredericHandel.Handel’sfatherwasabarberandsurgeonwhichsoundslikeastrangecombinationtodaybutbackthenthoseoccupationswenthandinhanD.EventhoughHandelwasveryinterestedinmusichisfatherdidn’tthinkthatwasagoodwaytoearnalivingsohewantedhissontobealawyer.ThestorygoesthatHandelsmuggledaquietpianointothehousesothathecouldpractiseinsecret.OnedayHandelwentalongwhenhisfatherwenttoshaveadukE.WhilehisfatherwasworkingHandelsatdownandplayedtheduke’sorgan.ThedukewassoimpressedthatheconvincedHandel’sfathertolethissonstudymusicandHandelfinallygottolearnhowtocomposE.HandelsoondiscoveredthatwhathelikedmostwasoperA.Infacthewassopassionateaboutoperathatheevenfoughtaduel决斗overitwithoneofhisfriends.SinceItalywastheplacetolearnaboutoperacomposingHandelwentofftoItalytostudy.WhenhegothomehegotajobascourtcomposerforaGermanprincE.HavinglandedsuchawonderfuljobHandelimmediatelyaskedhisbossfortimeoff.HewantedtogotoEnglandwherehe’dheardthatthereweren’tnearlyenoughcomposerstosatisfytheBritishtasteforItalianoperA.AftergreatsuccesswritingoperainLondonHandelcamebacktoGermany.ThenfateplayedafunnytrickonHandelandhisboss.TheQueenofEnglanddiedanditjustsohappenedthattheprinceHandelworkedforwasnextinlinetotheBritishthronE.WhenhearrivedinLondonasKingGeorgefollowedHandelhiscourtcomposerinGermany.InadditiontoservingtheKingHandelbecameoneofthemostsuccessfuloperacomposersofhistimE.AndhealsoproducedthemandtraveledalloverEuropetohirethebestsingers.Therearestoriesofbattleswithrivaloperaproducersandoffightsbetweenrivalsingers.Handelapparentlyhadquiteatemper.IfyouevergotoLondonlookforHandel’sgraveinWestminsterAbbeywherethere’sawonderfulmonumenttohim.56.HowdidHandelbegintolearntocompose?A.Hisfatherwassureofhisfuturesuccess.B.HisperformanceimpressedadukE.C.HebeggedhisfathertosendhimtoItaly.D.HepractisedhardandtaughthimselfmusiC.57.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsmuggledmeaninthepassage?A.boughtsecretlyB.tooksecretlyC.carriedinadvanceD.possessedpersonally58.WhydidHandellatersettledowninBritaininsteadofGermany?A.BecausehecouldfindbetterjobsinLondon.B.BecauseheenjoyedgreaterfameinLondon.C.BecausehisbossbecameKingofBritainandbroughthimalong.D.BecauseLondonwasawonderfulplacetolearnaboutoperA.59.WhichofthefollowingwordscanNOTbeusedtodescribeHandelasshowninthepassage?A.bad-temperedB.talentedC.enthusiasticD.optimistic60.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?A.HandelwasborninthesameyearwithBach.B.Manypeopleworkedbothasabarberandsurgeon.C.HandelquithisjobtolearnaboutoperainItaly.HandelwasburiedinLondonandwasbuiltamonument.
ThebasicflagoftheUnitedStatesisoneoftheworld’soldestnationalflags.OnlythebasicflagsofAustriaDenmarkGreatBritaintheNetherlandsSwedenandSwitzerlandareolder.DuringthediscoveryandsettlementofwhatisnowtheUnitedStatestheflagsofvariousEuropeannationswereflownoverthelandassymbolsofpossession.LaterintheColonialandRevolutionaryWarperiodsflagsrepresentingfamouspersonsplacesandeventswereflownintheAmericanColonisE.ThefirstofficialflagoftheUnitedStateswascreatedbyCongressonJune141777.Itconsistedof13alternateredandwhitestripesand13whitestarsinafieldofbluerepresentingthe13coloniesthathaddeclaredtheirindependencein1776.Congressadoptedanewflagof15starsand15stripesin1795togiverepresentationtothetwonewstatesadmittedintotheUnionVermontandKentucky.By1817therewere20statesintheUnionanditbecameapparentthataddingonestripeforeachnewstatewoulddestroytheshapeoftheflag.AsaresultCongressin1818restoredtheoriginaldesignof13stripesandprovidedthateachstatewastoberepresentedbyonestar.In1921PresideWilliamH.Taftmadethefirstofficialprovisionforthearrangementofthestars.Heorderedthattherebesixevenrowsofeightstarseach.Previouslythearrangementofthestarshadbeenlefttotheflag-maker’sfancy.TheevolutionofthestarsandstripesreflectsthegrowthoftheUnitedStates.AftertheadmissionofHawaiiintotheUnionin1959theflagwasofficialchangedforthe26thtimesinceitscreation.TherearemanygovernmentflagsflownintheUnitedStatesinadditiontothenationalflag.Amongthemarethepresident’sandvice-president’sflagsandthoseofthefederaldepartmentsandsomefederalagencies.EachstateintheUnionhasanofficialflag.TheUnitedStatesNavyusesspecialflagsforsignaling.ThebasicflagoftheUnitedStatesis_______.A.theoldestnationalflagintheworldB.oneoftheworld’soldestflagsC.themostbeautifulflagintheWestD.asoldasthebasicflagsofsomeEuropeannationsBeforetheWarofIndependencetheflagsofvariousEuropeannationsflownoverthelandweresymbolsof_______.A.self-ruleB.occupationC.peaceandfriendshipD.independenceThefirstofficialflagoftheUnitedStateswasadopted________.A.beforetheIndependenceWarB.rightaftertheIndependenceWarC.whenindependencewasdeclaredin1776D.duringtheWarofIndependencewhichendedin1783The13redandwhitestripesand13whitestarsrepresent_______.A.13independentstatesB.thecoloniesthatdeclaredindependencein1776.C.theU.S.CongressD.13famousfiguresintheAmericancoloniesHowmanystateswererepresentedonthenewflagadoptedin1795?A.13.B.15.C.20.D.2.
December212012marksthecompletionofthe5125yearGreatCycleoftheAncientMayaLongCountCalendar.Ratherthanbeinganend－pointthiscyclethatisclosingisnaturallyIfollowedbythestartofanewcyclE.WhatthisnewcyclehasinstoreforhumanityisamysterythathasyettounfolD.Therecent2012movieservestoalertatargeted140millionpeopleincasetheytoohaven'talreadyheardthenews.Unfortunatelyhoweverthemoviedoesadisservicebecauseitdistortsthemessageofthisancientprophecy预言byassociatingitwithfearanddestructionasdescribedbythemovie'sglobaldisasterscenario场景ratherthanthethemesoftransformationandrenewaltheprophecyisactuallybasedon.Inotherwordstheglobalscenarioofthe2012movieisnotbasedonanyfacts.AsEmmerichclarifiesWeonlyusedthefactthattheMayancalendarends.Thatgaveustheyear.Emmerichsaidaftercheckingouttherangeof2012booksonAmazonherealized...therearesomanytheoriesthatinawayyoucanjustcreateyourown.Hesharesthat2012wastackedonasatitletohisdisastermoviebecauseitissomethingpeoplebelieveanditmadethemovieseemmorereal.InterestinglyEmmerich'sunderlyingmotivationforthemovieseemstobegenuineconcernaboutthecourseweareallonasmodernsociety.AshestatesIhopewearenotruiningourplanet.Ireallybelievethatifwekeepgoinganddoingwhatwearedoingwewillnotbeleavingtheplanethowitshouldbeforourkids.Thathasbeengoingonforgenerations.Itjustverysadtoseeandreadthenewseverydayandseewhatthesepeoplearefightingover.It'sliketheydon'tunderstandthattheclockisticking.6.AccordingtotheAncientMayaLongCountCalendarDecember212012isthedayonwhich________.A.theworldwillendwithmanydisastersB.theoldagewillendandanewonewillbeginC.therewillbeaworldfloodD.theworldcansurvivemanydisasters7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthemovie2012?A.ItisintendedtoexplorewhatisinstoreinthenewcyclE.B.IttellsusabouttheAncientMayaLongCountCalendarasitis.C.Itisjustbasedonthedirector'sideas.D.Itdescribestheancientprophecyvividly.8.WhatEmmerichsayssuggeststhat________.A.heisquiteconcernedaboutthepresentsituationontheearthB.heisregretfulthatpeoplehavemisunderstoodhismovieC.hehimselfbelieveswhatisdescribedinthemovieD.hejustwantstoattractviewersbythedisasterscenario9.Bythispassagetheauthorintendsto________.A.tellusaboutwhatthemovie2012isallaboutB.helpthedirectortopromotehisfilmC.telluswhatweshouldlearnfromthemovie2012D.explainwhetherwecantrusttheancientprophecy10.Theunderlinedworddistortinthethirdparagraphprobablymeans________.A.changesomethinginawrongwayB.conveytheoriginalmeaningC.describesomethingclearlyD.givemoreprooftosomething
.Inthe19thcenturyAmericansfromtheeasternstatesmovedoutwesttosettleintherichnewlandsalongthePacificCoast.ThemostdifficultpartoftheirtripwascrossingtheGreatAmericanDesertinthewesternpartoftheUnitedStatesbyhorseandwagon.Thewesterndesertcanbeverydangerous.Thereislittlewaterandtherearefewtrees.Butthedesertalsohassceneryofgreatbeauty.Talltowersofredandyellowstonerisesharplyfromtheflatsandyvalleyfloor.ThescenehasbeenphotographedmanytimesandappearsinmoviesandonTV.InArizonaman-madedamsacrosstheColoradoRiverhavemadetwolargelakesinthemiddleofthedrydesertcountry.AtLakePowelltheredstonearchofRainbowBridgeriseshighabovethebluelakE.Therearefewroads.ManyareasofLakePowell’sshorecanonlybereachedbyboatoronfoot.ButhikersinthisemptydesertlandsometimesfindveryoldnativeAmericanpicturespaintedontherocks.InDeathValleyCaliforniathesummertemperaturerisesto130°F—165°F.Thereislessthaninchesofraineachyear.DeathValleyisthelowestplaceinAmerica---925metersbelowsealevel.Inthe1800smanytravelersdiedwhentheytriedtocrossthiswaterlessvalleyintheterribleheat.Althoughthedesertisdryandseemsemptythereisplentyoflifeifyoulookclosely.Snakesandratshavelearnedhowtoliveinthedesertheat.Theyliveundergroundandcomeoutatnightwhenitiscool.Plantssuchascactineedverylittlewater.Whenitdoesraininthedesertsometimesonlyonceortwiceayearplantsgrowquicklyandflowersopeninasingleday.Forashorttimethedesertiscoveredwithbrilliantverybrightcolors.67.Inthe19thcenturyAmericansmovedfromeasttowestbecausethey.A.enjoyedthetripB.wantedtomaketheirhomethereC.wantedtofindnewgrasslandthereD.hadnowatertodrink68.FromthispassagE.wecanconcludethat.A.thewesterndesertisagoodplaceforpeopletoliveinB.thereislittlewaterbuttherearemanytreesinthedesertC.thedesertisdangerousbutitisfullofbeautyD.tillnowpeopleknowlittleaboutthedesert69.Inthe1800smanytravelersdiedinDeathValleybecauseof.A.illnessB.hightemperatureC.coldweatherD.poisonouswater70.Inthedesertanimalswilldie.A.iftheymoveaboutB.iftheycan’tmakeholesundergroundC.iftheycomeoutatnightD.iftheydrinkmuchwater
Peopleusemoneytobuyfoodfurniturebooksbicyclesandhundredsofotherthingstheyneedorwant.Mostofthemoneytodayismadeofmetalorpaper.Butpeopleusedtouseallkindsofthingsasmoney.Oneofthefirstkindsofmoneywasshells.Shellswerenottheonlythingsusedasmoney.InChinaclothandkniveswereuseD.InthePhilippineIslandsricewasusedasmoneyforalongtimE.ElephanttusksmonkeytailsandsaltwereusedasmoneyinpartsofAfricA.Someanimalswereusedasmoneytoo.ThefirstmetalcoinsweremadeinChinA.Theywereroundandhadasquareholeinthecenter.PeoplestrungthemtogetherandcarriedthemfromplacetoplacE.ThefirstcoinsinEnglandweremadeoftin锡.SwedenandRussiausedcopper铜tomaketheirmoney.Latercountriesbegantomakecoinsofgoldandsilver.LatertheChinesethoughtofawaytoimprovemoney.Theybegantousepapermoney.Moneyhashadaninterestinghistoryfromthedaysofshellmoneyuntiltoday.Peopleuseddifferentkindsofthingsas.A.goldB.metalC.moneyD.silverTinwasfirstmadeasmoneyin.A.ChinaB.PhilippineIslandsC.EnglandD.RussiaThewordstrunginthepassageprobablymeans.A.cameB.tiedC.putD.madeThebesttopicofthearticleis.A.HowManyKindsofMoneyAreThereintheWorldB.TheHistoryofMoneyC.MoneyinDifferentCountriesD.TheUseofMoney
CWhyaresomanycoinbanksshapedlikepigs?Whynotdogsorcatsorelephants?Coinbanksweren'talwaysmadetolooklikepigs.Infactthenamepiggybankmayhavecomefromakindofclayandnotfromtheanimalatall.ThehistoryofthepiggybankgoesbacktotheMiddleages.AtthattimeinWesternEuropemetalswereexpensivesoacheaporangeclayknownaspyggwasusedforeverydayitemssuchasdishesandjars.Infactsomethingmadefrompyggclaywasoftenjustcalledapygg.Thefirstpiggybankmaywellhavebeenapygginwhichapersonputafewextrapenniestobuyatreatonmarketday.PeoplehavealwayshadahobbyofsavingpenniesandusingapyggasacoinbankbecamecommonpracticE.Potters陶工beganmakingjarsspeciallyforsavingcoinsandeventuallythesejarstookapig-likeshapE.Modelingabanktolooklikeapigmayhavebeeninfluencedbythenameoftheclay.TheearliestRomancoinbankeverfoundwasdecoratedwithapig.Becauseitwasconsideredasavaluablefarmanimalinmanycountriesthepigwasanappropriatesymbolofwealthandprosperity.Theseearlyclaybankswerefragileandeasilybroken.AstimepassedminingbecamelessexpensivE.Ironcopperandsilvergraduallyreplacedpyggclayintheproductionofhouseholditems.Althoughpyggclaylostitspopularitythehabitofsavingpenniesdidnot.Todaypiggy'banksaremadeofeverymaterialimaginablE.ThefamiliarsayingApennysavedisapennyearnedisasoldastheclearlypiggybanks.MarryachildreceivedhisorherfirstcoinbankaccompaniedbythiswiseadvicE.Themodern-daypiggybankmayhavechangedinsineshapeandspellingbutitsavesourpenniesjustaswellasthefirstpyggdidcountriesago.64.IntheMiddleagespeopleusedpyggtomakedishesbecause________.A.itwaspreciousB.itstoodforwealthC.ithadabeautifulcolorD.itwascheaperthanothermaterials65.Whatdoweknowaboutthepyggbank?A.Itsnamemightcomefromananimal.B.Thefirstpyggbanklookedlikeapig.C.Itwasdesignedforchildrenatthebeginning.D.TheearlypiggybankswereeasilydamageD.66.Whydidpyggdayloseitspopularity?A.OthercheapandsolidmaterialsappeareD.B.Itwasinconvenienttocarryittothemarket.C.Itcouldn'tbemadeintoothershapes.D.Peoplehadrunoutofthiskindofmaterial.67.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorintendstotellus________.A.piggybanksnowadaysarenotpracticalB.piggybanksstillplayapartinourdailylivesC.piggybankstodayaremainlymadeofironD.mostchildrendon'thavethehabitofsavingmoney
Aslateas1800women'sonlyplacewasinthehomE.TheideaofwomeninthebusinessworldwasunthinkablE.MenwerecertainthatnowomancoulddoagoodjoboutsideherhomE.Thiswassuchawidelyacceptedideathatwhenthewell-knownBrontesistersbeganwritingbooksin1864theyhadtosigntheirbookswithmen'snamesinsteaD.Teachingwasthefirstprofession职业opentowomensoonafter1800.Buteventhatwasnotaneasyprofessionforwomentoenterbecausemostschoolsandcollegeswereopenonlytomen.OberlinCollegeinOhiowasthefirstcollegeinAmericatoacceptwomen.HospitalnursingbecamerespectableworkforwomenonlyafterNightingalebecamefamous.Seeingthatshewasnotonlyanursebutalsoarichandwell-educatedwomanpeoplebegantobelieveitwaspossibleforwomentonursethesickandstillbeladies.MissNightingaleopenedEngland'sfirsttrainingschoolfornursesin1860.Theinventionofthetypewriter打字机in1867helpedtobringwomenoutofthehomeandintothebusinessworlD.By1900.thousandsofwomenwereworkingatrealjobsinschoolshospitalsandofficesinbothEnglandandAmericA.Somewomenevenmanagedtobecomedoctorsorlawyers.TheideathatwomencouldworkinthebusinessworldhadbeenaccepteD.63.Whycouldn'twomenbecometeacherseasily?Because_______.A.thefirstprofessionopentothemwaswritingB.mostschoolsandcollegeswereopenonlytomenC.theywantedtobenursesinsteadD.theyhadtoworkinthebusinessworld64.Thearticleismainlyabout_______.A.womeninthebusinessworldB.thefamousBrontesistersC.schoolsandcollegesinAmericaD.rightsforAmericanwomen65.Whichfactdoesthearticleleadyoutobelieve?A.TheBrontesistersthoughtthattheyweremen.B.England'sfirsttrainingschoolfornurseswasinOhio.C.TherearemorementhanwomeninprofessionaljoB.D.WomenfinditnecessarytoworkharderthanbeforE.66.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE.A.Thetypewriterwasmadeinthe1970's.B.MostEnglandersaredoctorsorlawyers.C.People'sideasaboutwomen'sworkhavechangeD.D.The18thcenturysawachangingworldforwomen.
HistorybookstellusthatthecityofRomewassetupin152B.C.It’safacthoweverthatby100A.D.Romewasthecenterofabigempire帝国.ItwasfromSyriaintheeasttoSpaininthewestfromBritaininthenorthtoAfricainthesouth.Allorpartof27oftoday’scountrieswereincludedintheRomanEmpirE.AlloftheirpeoplewereruledbyonegovernmentthatofRomE.AlleducatedpeoplespokethesamelanguageLatin.Andoneoftheempire’soutposts前哨wascalledLondinium.ThisunimportanttownwouldlaterbecomeLondonEnglandandthecenterofanotherempirE.TheRomanEmpirecametoanendabout1500yearsago.Yetinsomewaysitisstillwithus.TakethelettersyouarereadingforexampleEnglishlikemanyotherlanguagesusestheRomanalphabet字母whilealsoborrowingmanywords.ThelawsofmanyEuropeancountriesarebasedonancientRomanlaws.RomanruinsareseenthroughoutEuropeNorthAfricaandtheMiddleEast.InsomeplacesRomanroadsandwatercoursesarestillinusE.TothisdayandEuropeaninNorthAfricaislikelytobecalledRoumi—Roman.EvenmodernplacenamesareoftenafterAncientRomE.BothGreeceandGermanyhavethenamesgivenbytheRomansratherthanthenamesthattheirownpeoplefirstcalledthem.67.ThemostnorthernpartoftheRomanEmpirewas.A.SpainB.AfricaC.SyriaD.Britain68.Themainideaofparagraph2isthatRomancultureis.A.deadandgoneB.basedcompletelyonlanguageC.stillpartofthepresentD.unimportanttohistory69.InthedaysoftheEmpiretheRomangovernmentwasprobably.A.strongB.dividedC.weakD.poor70.Whathappenedfirst?A.LondiniumwasanoutpostB.TheRomanEmpirefellapartC.ThecityofRomewasfoundedD.Londonbecamethecenterofanempire71.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?A.InEuropepeoplestilluseRomannamesinsomeplaces.B.LondiniumbecamethecenterofanempireafterRomanEmpirefellapart.C.WemayseesomeremainingpartsofRomanEmpireinNorthAfricA.D.InEurope27countrieshadthesamelaws.
第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分Beforethemid1860’stheimpactoftherailroadsintheUnitedStateswaslimitedinthesensethatthetracksendedatthisMissouriRiverapproximatelythecenterofthecountry.Atthepointthetrainsturnedtheirfreightmailandpassengersovertosteamboatswagonsandstagecoaches.Thismeantthatwagonfreightingstagecoachingandsteamboatingdidnotcometoanendwhenthefirsttrainappeared;rathertheybecamesupplementsorfeeders.Eachnewendoftrackbecameacenterforanimaldrawnorwaterbornetransportation.Themajoreffectoftherailroadwastoshortenthedistancethathadtobecoveredbytheolderslowerandmorecostlymeans.Wagonfreighterscontinuedoperatingthroughoutthe1870’sand1880’sandintothe1890’s.AlthoughoverconstantlyshrinkingroutesandcoachesandwagonscontinuedtocrisscrosstheWestwherevertherailshadnotyetbeenlaiD.Thebeginningofamajorchangewasforeshadowedinthelater1860’swhentheUnionPacificRailroadatlastbegantobuildwestwardfromtheCentralPlainscityofOmahatomeettheCentralPacificRailroadadvancingeastwardfromCaliforniathroughtheformidablebarrieroftheSierraNevadA.AlthoughPresidentAbrahamLincolnsignedtheoriginalPacificRailroadbillin1862andarevisedfinanciallymuchmoregenerousversionin1864littleconstructionwascompleteduntil1865ontheCentralPacificand1866ontheUnionPacifiC.TheprimaryreasonwasskepticismthataRailroadbuiltthroughsochallengingandthinlysettledastretchofdesertmountainandsemiaridplaincouldpayaprofit.Inthewordsofaneconomistthiswasacaseofprematureenterprisewherenotonlythecostofconstructionbutalsotheveryhighriskdeterredprivateinvestment.IndiscussingthePacificRailroadbillthechairofthecongressionalcommitteebluntlystatedthatwithoutgovernmentsubsidynoonewouldundertakesounpromisingaventure;yetitwasanationalnecessitytolinkEastandWesttogether.61.Theauthorreferstotheimpactofrailroadsbeforethelate1860’saslimitedbecauseA.thetrackdidnottakethedirectroutefromonecitytothenextB.passengersandfreighthadtotransfertoothermodesoftransportationtoreachwesterndestinationsC.passengerspreferredstagecoachesD.railroadtravelwasquiteexpensive62.Whatcanbeinferredaboutcoachesandwagonfreightersastherailroadexpanded?A.Theydevelopedcompetingroutes.B.Theirdriversrefusedtoworkfortherailroads.C.Theybegantospecializeinprivateinvestment.D.Therewereinsufficientnumbersoftrainedpeopletooperatethem.63.WhydoestheauthormentiontheSierraNevadainline17?A.ToarguethatamoredirectroutetotheWestcouldhavebeentaken.B.ToidentifyahistoricallysignificantmountainrangeintheWest.C.Topointoutthelocationofaserioustrainaccident.D.TogiveanexampleofanobstaclefacedbythecentralpacifiC.64.Thewordsubsidyinline27isclosestinmeaningto_____.A.persuasionB.financingC.explanationD.penalty
CTheWorldTradeOrganizationcameintoexistenceinthe1990s.Itoperatesasystemoftraderules.Itservesasaplacefornationstosettledisagreementsandnegotiateagreementstoreducetradebarriers.Thenewestofits150membersVietnamjoinedinJanuary.ButtherootsoftheW.T.O.datebacktoWorldWarTwoandtheyearsthatfolloweD.In1944theInternationalMonetary货币的ConferenceagreedtocreatetheInternationalMonetaryFundandtheWorldBank.ButtheycouldnotagreeonanorganizationtodealwithinternationaltradE.Threeyearslaterin1947twenty-threenationsapprovedtheGeneralAgreementonTariffs关税andTradeorGATT.Itwasmeanttobetemporary.TradenegotiationsunderGATTwerecarriedoutinaseriesoftalkscalledrounds.Thefirstroundloweredimporttaxesonone-fifthofworldtradE.Laterroundsproducedadditionalcutsandnegotiatorsaddedmoreissues.Thesixthroundbeganin1963.ItwascalledtheKennedyRoundafterthemurderofPresidentJohnF.Kennedy.Theresultsincludedanagreementagainsttradedumping.ThisiswhenonecountrysellsaproductinanothercountryatanunfairlylowpricE.TheeighthroundoftalksbeganinPuntadelEsteUruguayin1986.TheUruguayRoundlastedalmosttwiceaslongasplanneD.Inall123nationstookpartinseven-and-a-halfyearsofwork.Theysettimelimitsforfuturenegotiations.Theyalsoagreedtocreateapermanentsystemtosettletradedisagreements.InAprilof1994mostofthose123nationssignedanagreement.ItreplacedGATTwiththeWorldTradeOrganization.TheW.T.O.launchedanewroundondevelopmentissuesinDohaQatarinNovemberof2001.ThesetalksweresupposedtoendbyJanuaryof2005.Butnegotiatorscouldnotagreeonissuesinvolvingagriculturalprotections.ThecurrentroundhasbeensuspendedsincelastJuly.66.TheWTOgotthisnameintheyear_____.A.1947B.1963C.1986D.199467.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGATTisNOTtrue?A.ItwassetupafterWorldWarII.B.Itwasfirstapprovedbylessthan30countries.C.ItwasabranchoftheWorldBank.D.ItwasmeanttoimproveinternationaltradE.68.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphmean?A.ThefounderswantedGATTtobringinmoney.B.Thefoundersdidn’texpectGATTtolastlong.C.GATTwasreadytochangeitsnameattheverybeginning.D.GATTwasopenformoremembercountries.69.WhatisoneoftheresultsoftheUruguayRound?A.A.permanentsystemwasagreedon.B.Itlastedalmosteightyears.C.Morecountriestookpartinit.D.MoredisagreementsthanexpectedweresettleD.70.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.WhytheWTOwasCalledGATT?B.WTOTalkRoundsLastLongerC.A.BriefIntroductiontotheWTOD.GATTorWTO?A.RealQuestion
Treasurehuntshaveexcitedpeople’simaginationforhundredsofyearsbothinreallifeandinbookssuchasRobertLouisStevenson’sTreasureIs-lanD.KitWilliamsamodernwriterhadtheideaofcombiningtherealexcitementofatreasurehuntwithcluesfoundinabookwhenhewroteachildren’sstoryMasqueradein1979.ThebookwasaboutahareandamonthbeforeitcameoutWilliamsburiedagoldhareinaparkinBedfordshirE.ThebookcontainedalargenumberofcluestohelpreadersfindtheharebutWilliamsputinalotofredherringsorfalsecluestomisleadthem.KenRobertsthemanwhofoundtheharehadbeenlookingforitfornearlytwoyears.Althoughhehadbeensearchinginthewrongareamostofthetimehefounditbylogicnotbyluck.Hissuccesscamefromthefactthathehadgaine4danimportantclueatthestart.Hehadrealizedthatthewords:OneofSixtoEightunderthefirstpictureinthebookconnectedthehareinsomewaytoKatherineofAragonthefirstofHenryVIII’ssixwives.EvenherehoweverWilliamshadsucceededinmisleadinghim.KenknewthatKatherineofAragonhaddiedatKimboltoninCambridgeshirein1536andthoughtthatWilliamshadburiedtheharetherE.Hehadbeendiggingthereforoverayearbeforeanewideaoccurredtohim.HefoundoutthatKitWilliamshadspenthischildhoodnearAmpthillinBedfordshireandthoughtthathemusthaveburiedthehareinaplaceheknewwellbuthestillcouldnotseetheconnectionwithKatherineofAragonuntilonedayhecameacrosstwostonecrossesinAmpthillParkandlearntthattheyhadbeenbuiltinherhonorin1773.EventhenhissearchhadnotcometoanenD.ItwasonlyafterhehadspentseveralnightsdiggingaroundthecrossthathedecidedtowritetoKitWilliamstofindoutifhewaswastinghistimetherE.WilliamsencouragedhimtocontinueandonFebruary24th1982hefoundthetreasurE.Itwasworth3000inthebeginningbuttheexcitementithadcausedsinceitsburialmadeitmuchmorevaluablE.WhichofthefollowingdescribesRoberts’logicinsearchingforthehare?A.HenryVIII’ssixwivesB.Katherine’sburialplaceatKimboltonC.Williams’childhoodinAmpthillD.KatherineofArgonWhatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?A.Anexcitinghistoricalevent.B.Amoderntreasurehunt.C.TheattractionofMasqueradE.D.Theimportanceoflogicalthinking.
Treasurehunts寻宝haveexcitedpeople'simaginationforhundredsofyearsbothinreallifeandinbookssuchasRobertLouisStevenson'sTreasureIslanD.KitWilliamsamodernwriterhadtheideaofcombiningtherealexcitementofatreasurehuntwithclues线索foundinabookwhenhewroteachildren'sstoryMasqueradein1979.ThebookwasaboutahareandamonthbeforeitcameoutWilliamsburiedagoldhareinaparkinBedfordshirE.ThebookcontainedalargenumberofcluestohelpreadersfindtheharebutWilliamsputinalotofredherringsorfalsecluestomisleadthem.KenRobertsthemanwhofoundtheharehadbeenlookingforitfornearlytwoyears.Althoughhehadbeensearchinginthewrongareamostofthetimehefounditbylogic逻辑notbyluck.Hissuccesscamefromthefactthathehadgainedanimportantclueatthestart.Hehadrealizedthatthewords:OneofSixtoEightunderthefirstpictureinthebookconnectedthehareinsomewaytoKatherineofAragonthefirstofHenryVIII'ssixwives.EvenherehoweverWilliamshadsucceededinmisleadinghim.KenknewthatKatherineofAragonhaddiedatKimboltoninCambridgeshirein1536andthoughtthatWilliamshadburiedtheharetherE.Hehadbeendiggingthereforoverayearbeforeanewideaoccurredtohim.HefoundoutthatKitWilliamshadspenthischildhoodnearAmpthillinBedfordshireandthoughtthathemusthaveburiedthehareinaplaceheknewwellbuthestillcouldnotseetheconnectionwithKatherineofAragonuntilonedayhecameacrosstwostonecrossesinAmpthillParkandlearntthattheyhadbeenbuiltinherhonorin1773.EventhenhissearchhadnotcometoanenD.ItwasonlyafterhehadspentseveralnightsdiggingaroundthecrossthathedecidedtowritetoKitWilliamstofindoutifhewaswastinghistimetherE.WilliamsencouragedhimtocontinueandonFebruary24th1982hefoundthetreasurE.Itwasworth￡3000inthebeginningbuttheexcitementithadcausedsinceitsburialmadeitmuchmorevaluablE.67.TheunderlinedwordthemParagraph1refersto____.A.redherringsB.treasurehuntsC.HenryVIII'ssixwivesD.readersofMasquerade68.WhatisthemostimportantclueinthestorytohelpKenRobertsfindthehareA.TwostonecrossesinAmpthill.B.Stevenson'sTreasureIslanD.C.KatherineofAragon.D.Williams’hometown.69.ThestonecrossesinAmpthillwerebuilt____.A.totellaboutwhathappenedin1773B.toshowrespectforHenryVIII'sfirstwifeC.toserveasaroadsigninAmpthillParkD.toinformpeoplewherethegoldharewas70.WhichofthefollowingdescribesRoberts’logicinsearchingforthehare?A.HenryVIII'ssixwivesB.Katherine'sburialplaceatKimboltonC.Williams’childhoodinAmpthillD.KatherineofAragonE.stonecrossesinAmpthillParkA.a-b-c-e-dB.d-b-c-e-aC.a-d-b-c-eD.b-a-e-c-d71.WhatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetextA.Anexcitinghistoricalevent.B.A.moderntreasurehunt.C.TheattractionofMasqueradE.D.Theimportanceoflogicalthinking.
NearlytwothousandyearshavepassedsinceacensusdecreedbyCaesarAugustusbecomepartofthegreateststoryevertolD.Manythingshavechangedintheinterveningyears.Thehotelindustryworriesmoreaboutoverbuildingthanovercrowdingandiftheyhadtomeetanunexpectedinfluxfewinnswouldhaveamanagertoaccommodatethewearyguests.Nowitisthecensustakerthatdoesthetravelinginthefondhopethatahighlymobilepopulationwillstaylongenoughtogetagoodsampling.Methodsofgatheringrecordingandevaluatinginformationhavepresumablybeenimprovedagreatdeal.AndwherethenitwasthemodestpurposeofRometoobtainasimpleheadcountasanadequatebasisforlevyingtaxesnowbatteriesofcomplicatedstatisticalseriesfurnishedbygovernmentalagenciesandprivateorganizationsareeagerlyscannedandinterpretedbysagesandseerstogetacluetofutureevents.TheBibledoesnottellushowtheRomancensustakersmadeoutandasregardsourmoreimmediateconcernthereliabilityofpresentdayeconomicforecastingthereareconsiderabledifferencesofopinion.Theywereairedatthecelebrationofthe125thanniversaryoftheAmericanStatisticalAssociation.Therewasthethoughtthatbusinessforecastingmightwellbeonitswayfromanarttoascienceandsomespeakerstalkedaboutnewfangledcomputersandhigh-falutinmathematicalsystemintermsofexcitementandendearmentwhichweatleastinouryoungeryearswhenthesethingsmatteredwouldhaveassociatedmorereadilywiththedescriptionofafairmaiden.ButotherspointedtothedeplorablerecordofhighlyesteemedforecastsandforecasterswithabattingaveragebelowthatoftheMetsandthePresident-electoftheAssociationcautionedthathighpoweredstatisticalmethodsareusuallyinorderwherethefactsarecrudeandinadequatetheexactcontraryofwhatcrudeandinadequatestatisticiansassumE.WelefthisbirthdaypartysomewherebetweenhopeanddespairandwiththeconvictionnotreallynewlyacquiredthatproperstatisticalmethodsappliedtoascertainablefactshavetheirmeritsineconomicforecastingaslongasneitherforecasternorpublicisdeludedintomistakingthedelineationofprobabilitiesandtrendsforapredictionofcertaintiesofmathematicalexactitudE.TaxationinRomandaysapparentlywasbasedon[A].wealth.[B].mobility.[C].population.[D].censustakers.TheAmericanStatisticalAssociation[A].isconvertingstatisticalstudyfromanarttoasciencE.[B].hasanexcellentrecordinbusinessforecasting.[C].isneitherhopefulnorpessimistiC.[D].speakswithmathematicalexactitudE.Themessagetheauthorwishesthereadertogetis[A].statisticianshavenotadvancedsincethedaysoftheRoman.[B].statisticsisnotasyetasciencE.[C].statisticianslovetheirmachinE.[D].computerishopeful.Thegreateststoryevertoldreferredtointhepassageisthestoryof[A].Christmas.[B].TheMets.[C].Moses.[D].RomanCensusTakers.
MostBritishtelephonecardsarejustplaingreenbutcardcollectingisbecomingapopularhobbyinBritainandcollectorsevenhavetheirownmagazineInternationalTelephoneCards.Onereasonfortheirinterestisthatcardsfromaroundtheworldcomeinawidevarietyofdifferentandoftenveryattractivedesigns.Thereare100000differentcardsinJapanaloneandthereyoucanputyourowndesignontoablankcardsimplybyusingaphotographorabusinesscarD.Thefirsttelephonecardsproducedin1976wereItalian.FiveyearslaterthefirstBritishcardappearedanD.nowyoucanbuycardsinmorethanahundredcountries.PeopleusuallystartcollectingcardsbecausetheyareattractivesmallandlightandtheydonotneedmuchspacE.Itisalsoacheaphobbyforbeginnersalthoughforsomepeopleitbecomesaseriousbusiness.InParisforexamplethereisamarketwhereyoucanbuyonlytelephonecardsandsomeFrenchcardscostupto4000pounds.ThefirstJapanesecardhasavalueofabout28000pounds.MostpeopleonlyseecardswithpricesliketheseintheircollectorsmagazinE.Thetextismainlyabout________.A.thehistoryofphonecardsB.phonecardcollectingasahobbyC.reasonforphonecardcollectingD.thegreatvarietyofphonecardsWhendidpeopleinBritainbegintousephonecards?A.In1971.B.In1975.C.In1976.D.In1981.Themainmasonformostpeopletocollectphonecardsisthat________.A.theyfindthecardsbeautifulandeasytokeepB.theyliketohavesomethingfromdifferentcountriesC.theywanttomakemoneywithcardsD.theythinkthecardsareconvenienttouse
TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreecE.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramacamefromritualzōng jiāo 仪式.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginninghumanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworldeventheseasonalchangesasunpredictableandtheysoughtthroughvariousmeanstocontroltheseunknownandfearedpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenkeptandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandonedbutthestorieslatercalledmyths神话coutinuedtoexistandprovidedmaterialforartanddramA.ThosewhobelievethatdramacamefromritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusicdancemasksandcostumeswerealmostalwaysuseD.FurthermoreasuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformancesandwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipateacleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweentheactingareaandthewatchingareA.Inadditiontherewereperformersandsinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesinperformingreligiousleadersusuallyundertookthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumestheyoftenimitatedotherpeopleanimalsorsupernaturalbeingsandusedgesturesaboutthedesiredeffectsuccessinhuntorbattlethecomingraintherevival复活oftheSun.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.Anothertheorytracesthetheater’soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisviewtalesaboutthehuntwarorotherfeatsaregraduallyaddedindetailatfirstthroughimitationactionanddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.A.closely-relatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthatareimitationsofanimalmovementsandsounds.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Theoriginsoftheater.B.TheroleofritualinmoderndancE.C.Theimportanceofstorytelling.D.Thevarietyofearlyreligiousactivities.Whataspectofdramadoestheauthordiscussinthefirstparapraph?A.ThereasonwhydramaisoftenunpredictablE.B.TheseasonsinwhichdramaswereperformeD.C.Theconnectionbetweenmythsanddramaticplots.D.TheimportanceofcostumesinearlydramA.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementoftheaterandritual?A.DancE.B.Costumes.C.MusiC.D.MagiC.Accordingtothepassagewhatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama?A.Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot.B.RitualisshorterthandramA.C.RitualrequiresfewerperformersthandramA.D.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.
Accidentshappenbutwhentheydestroythedelicatebalanceofnatureandcausethewholeworldtosuffertheybecomedisastersandweshoulddoallwecantopreventthemfromhappeningagain.BhopalchemicalleakDecember1984BhopalIndiaAnexplosionintheUnionCarbidechemicalplantinBhopalIndiareleasedadeadlygascalledmethyl甲基isocyanate异氰盐酸whichisusedtomakepesticides.Thegasformedacloudthatkilled2500people;another50000-100000peoplebecameill.TreesandplantsintheareabecameyellowandbrittlE.Theexplosionwascausedbyamechanicalfailurethatwasnotnoticedintimetostopit.ExxonValdezoilspillMarch1989AlaskaU.S.OnMarch24198911milliongallonsofcrudeoilspilledintoPrinceWilliamSoundfromthetankerExxonValdezwhenitshullhitareefandtoreopen.TheoilwhichisnotyetcleanedupafterbillionsofdollarshavebeenspentandthemillionsofbirdsfishandotherwildlifehavediedwascausedbyhumanerrorandcouldhavebeenavoideD.ChernobylApril1986USSRAt1:23A.M.onSaturdayApril261986thereactorblewatnuclearpowerplantinChernobylrippingopenthecoreblowingtheroofoffthebuildingstartingmorethan30firesandallowingradioactivematerialtoleakintotheair.Some31peoplewerekilledand200peopleweretreatedforradiationpoisoning.Stillatriskare135000peoplefromthe179villageswithin20milesoftheplantwhowereexposedtotheradiationbeforebeingevacuateD.Glaringviolationsofsafetyruleswereatthebottomofthistragicevent.LoveCanal1953NewYorkU.S.LoveCanalasmalltowninupstateNewYorknearNiagaraFallswasdestroyedbywastefromchemicalplants.Beginningin1947chemicalcompaniescouldlegallydumptheirwasteproductsintothecanal.Theareadevelopedafoulsmelltreeslosttheirbarkandleavesfellthroughouttheyear.A.healthsurveyfoundthatthedrinkingwatercontainedexcessivelevelsof82industrialchemicals7ofwhichwerethoughttocausecancer.ThepeopleofLoveCanalhadanunusuallyhighrateofcancerandbirthdefects.EventuallymanyofthehouseshadtobeabandoneD.TodaythetownhasbeenpartlycleanedupandsomefamilieshavemovedbacktotheareA.ThreeMileIsland1979PennsylvaniaU.S.OnMarch281979theworstaccidentinU.S.nuclearreactorhistoryoccurredattheThreeMileIslandpowerstationnearHarrisburgPennsylvaniA.Noonewaskilledandverylittleradioactivitywasreleasedintotheairwhencoolantthefluidthatkeepsamachinecoolescapedfromthereactorcoreduetoacombinationofmechanicalfailureandhumanerror.After10yearsand$1billionincleanupcoststhelowerextremesofthereactorarestillsoradioactivethatworkersmustuseremote-controlequipmenttoremovetheremainingfragmentoffuelcorE.Thispassagemainlydiscusses_______.A.accidentsthataffectedmanylivingthingsB.airpollutionC.waterpollutionD.whatpeoplearedoingtopreventenvironmentaldisastersYoucaninferfromthepassagethattheBhopalChemicalleak_______.A.happenatnightB.wastheworstaccidentinthehistoryofIndiaC.causedmoredeathsthansicknessesD.couldhavebeenavoidedItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthepeopleinLoveCanal_______.A.didn’tknowthatchemicalcompaniesweredumpingwasteproductsintothecanalB.didn’tknowthattheirwaterwasbecomingdangeroustodrinkC.triedtostopcompaniesfromdumpingtheirwasteproductsintothecanalD.didn’tmindthatchemicalcompaniesweredumpingwasteproductsintothecanalThebesttitleforthearticleis________.A.AccidentsinSomeCountriesB.DisastersinSomeCountriesC.OurEarthIsOutofControlD.HowtoPreventAccidentsfromHappeningAgain
OverahundredyearsagopeopleinLondonweresurprisedtoseeaveryunusualboatcomesailinguptheThamesRiver.Theboatwaseightyfeetlongflat-bottomedwithbigwoodeneyesonbothsidesinthefrontandwascolorfullypaintedattheback.PeoplecametoknowthatitwasasailingboatfromFuzhouindistantChinA.TheboathadsailedroundtheCapeofGoodHope好望角upthewesterncoastofAfricaandfinallytoEnglanD.Ithadcovered航行fifteenthousandmiles—morethanhalfofthedistanceroundtheworlD.AlthoughitwasunexpectedtheChinesewerewarmlywelcomeD.TheboatcarriedgoodssuchassilkandteaaswellasanumberofgiftsfromtheEmperorofChinafortheQueenofEnglanD.PeoplehadalwaysmistakenlythoughtoftheChineseasapeoplenotusedtotheseA.HoweverfromcenturiesoftradingandsailingindangerousseastheChinesehadlearnedhowtobuildgoodboatsandsailthemwell.ThecomingofthissailingboattoLondonprovedonceagainthattheChinesecouldsailtodistantcountriesintheworlD.TheChinesesailingboatarrivedinLondon.A.beforeshesailedtoAfricaB.inthenineteenthcenturyC.hundredsofyearsagoD.inthetwentiethcenturyTheboatwasconsideredunusualbecause.A.itwasasmallwoodenboatB.itcarriedChinesesilkandteaC.ithadtravelledfifteenthousandmilesD.itlookedstrangeinseveralwaysAccordingtothisarticlewhichofthefollowingistrue?A.Thedistanceroundtheearthmeasureslessthanthirtythousandmiles.B.TheChineseEmperorgavesilkandteatotheEnglishQueenasgifts.C.TheChineseboatcametoLondonbyaccident.D.TheChinesepeoplewerenotgoodatsailingindangerousseas.ThewriterwantstoprovethatalongtimeagotheChinese.A.carriedsilkteaandothergoodstoEnglandB.couldreachmanypartsoftheworldbyseaC.couldsailalongtheThamesRiverD.surprisedLondonerswithanunusualboat
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