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December 21, 2012 marks the completion of the 5,125 year Great Cycle of the Ancient Maya Long Coun...
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高中英语《2012 高考总复习测评试题及答案 ---阅读理解 作文 短文改错之十七》真题及答案
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Asearlyasthemid-18thcenturysomepeoplebeganraisingdoubtsaboutMarcoPolo’stravels.In1995historianFrancesWoodarguedinherbookDidMarcoPoloGotoChina?thatthefamousexplorerfromVenicenevermadeittopasstheBlackSeA.ShenotedthathistraveljournalleftouttheGreatWallofChinachopsticksandteadrinkingamongotherdetails.FurthermoreChinesedocumentsfromPolo’sdaymadenomentionoftheexplorerandhismen.LastyearateamofItalianresearchersbecamethelatesttochallengePolo’saccounts.Theysaidthatevidencedidn’tsupporthisdescriptionofKublaiKhan’sJapaneseinvasions侵略.NowhoweverresearchbyHansUlrichVogelofGermany’sTubingenUniversitymighthelpproveMarcoPolowastruE.InanewbookMarcoPoloWasinChinatheprofessorofChinesehistorytriestoprovethatMarcoPolospokethetruth.HesuggestsforexamplethatPolodidn’tincludetheGreatWallinhisbookbecauseitonlyachieveditsgreatimportanceintheMingDynastyseveralhundredyearslater.VogelfurtherexplainsthatChineserecordsfromthe13thand14thcenturiesavoidedsettingdownvisitsfromWesterners.Historiansbeforehimhavetouchedontheseissues.ButVogelalsoreliesonanotherevidence:theexplorer’sverydetaileddescriptionsofcurrencyandsaltproductionintheYuanDynasty.AccordingtoVogelPolodocumentedtheseaspectsofMongolChinesecultureingreaterdetailthananyotherofhistimE.ThisisahintthatPoloreliedonhisownpowersofobservation.WillweeverknowwhetherMarcoPolotraveledtoChina?PerhapsnotbuttheconsequencesofhisrealorfictionaljourneyarestillfeltacrosstheglobE.OnereaderofThetravelsofMarcoPolowasChristopherColumbuswhosteppedupontheNewWorldwhilefollowinghisidol’sfootsteps.33.FranceWooddoubtedMarcoPolo’stravel’stoChinabecausehisdescription_______.A.missedsomeimportantcultureofChinaB.coveredsomuchabouttraders’lifeC.wasfullofobviousmistakesD.seemedlessdetailed34.Vogel’strustonMarcoPoloisbasedontheargumentthat_______.A.TheGreatWalldidn’tgainitsimportancethenB.RecordsintheYuanDynastymentionedPoloC.PolomentionedthecurrencyandsaltD.Polo’sotherworksarebelievableE.PolorecordedwhathesawingreatdetailA.abdB.acdC.aeD.bc35.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthetext?
In1880fourteen-year-oldMatthewHensonlovedtohearsailorstelltalesoftheirexcitinglivesatseA.ThetraveltheadventurethedangerandthesteadypaywereallattractingyoungHenson.OnedayhefoundajobasacabinboyonabeautifulshipcalledtheKatieHinds.ForthenextfiveyearsHensonsailedaroundtheworlD.Withthehelpoftheship’scaptainandothermembersofthecrewHensonlearnedmathematicsnavigationhistorygeographyandmanyothersubjects.BythetimehelefttheKatieHindsin1885Hensonwaswelleducatedandhadbecomeanexcellentseaman.UnabletofindworkanywhereelseHensontookajobinahatshopinWashingtonD.C.Onedayin1887amancameintobuyahat.ThemanRobertPearyaskedtheownerifheknewanyonewithexperienceatseA.PearywouldsoontraveltoSouthAmericafortheU.S.government.Heneededexperiencedmentoaccompanyhim.Theshopownerknewabouthisyoungemployee’sskillsandexperienceonoceanjourneyssoheintroducedPearytoHenson.Usinghismap-readingandsailingskillsHensonprovedhimselftobeaworthyandsmartseaman.PearysoonmadeHensonhisassistant助理andtheybecameclosefriends.OnedayPearytoldHensonabouthisrealdream:tobethefirstmantostandonthetopoftheworldattheNorthPolE.HeaskedHensontohelphimmakehisdreamcometruE.OverthenextfiveyearsthetwoexplorersmadetwotripstogethertotheArctiC.HowevertheywerenotabletoreachthepoleeithertimE.ThecoldwindandicewereworsethaneitherofthemhadeverimagineD.In1908PearyandHensonwerereadytomaketheirfinalattemptatreachingtheNorthPolE.BothmenwereoverfortyyearsolD.Theyearsofhardshipinthearcticcoldhadmadethemsufferalot.ThiswouldbetheirlastchancE.WithfourInuit因纽特guidestheymadeamadrushstraightacrosstheicetowardthepolE.Peary’sfeetwereinjuredandhehadtobepulledonadogsleD.InApril1909Henson’sinstrumentsshowedtheywerestandingattheNorthPolE.TogetherHensonandPearyplantedtheAmericanflaginthesnow.InlateryearsRobertPearyandHensonweregreatlyhonoredfortheirachievements.Todaythetwofriendsandfellowexplorerslieinheroes’gravesnotfarapartintheArlingtonNationalCemetery.8.Inparagraph1theauthorshowshowHensonbecame________.A.awonderfulseamanB.aneducatedcaptainC.agoodshopassistantD.asuccessfullearner9.Paragraph2mainlytellsus________.A.whyMatthewHensonwenttothehatshopB.howMatthewHensonmetRobertPearyC.whyMatthewHensonstoppedworkingontheKatieHindsD.howRobertPearyknewMatthewHensonhadseaexperience10.ThefollowingstatementsareTRUEexcept________.A.HensonprovedhimselfabetterseamanthanPearyB.PearywantedHensontohelphimrealizehisdreamC.BeforetheirfinalattempttheymadetwotripstogetherD.Aftertheydiedtheywerehighlyrespectedbypeople11.ThestorybetweenHensonandPearycouldbestbecomparedto________.A.treasurehunterslookingforfortunesB.sailorsseekingpoweroverothersC.soldiersfightingfortheirfreedomD.fightersexploringanunknownland
29.IwishI_________longerthismorningbutIhadtogetupandcometoclass.
Englishisthemostwidelyusedlanguageinthehistoryofourplanet.Oneineverysevenhumanbeingscanspeakit.Morethanhalfoftheworld’sbooksandthreequartersofinternationalmailareinEnglish.OfalllanguagesEnglishhasthelargestvocabulary—perhapsasmanyastwomillionwords.Howeverlet’sfaceit:EnglishisacrazylanguagE.Thereisnoegginaneggplantneitherpinenorappleinapineappleandnohaminahamburger.Sweet-meatsarecandywhilesweetbreadswhicharen’tsweetaremeat.WetakeEnglishforgranteD.Butwhenweexploreitsparadoxes探讨它的矛盾wefindthatquicksandcanworkslowlyboxingringsaresquarepublicbathroomshavenobathsinthem.Andwhyisitthatawriterwritesbutfingersdon’tfinggrocersdon’tgroceandhammersdon’tham?Ifthepluraloftoothisteethshouldn’tthepluralofboothbebeeth?Onegoosetwogeese—soonemoosetwomeese?Howcanaslimchanceandafatchancebethesamewhileawisemanandawiseguyareopposites?Howcanoverlookandoverseebeoppositeswhilequitealotandquiteafewarealike?Howcantheweatherbehotashellonedayandcoldashellthenext?Englishwasinventedbypeoplenotcomputersanditreflects反映thecreativityofhumanbeings.That’swhywhenstarsareouttheyarevisible能看见的;butwhenthelightsareouttheyareinvisiblE.AndwhywhenIwindupmywatchIstartit;butwhenIwindupthisessayIendit.47.Accordingtothepassage______.A.sweet-meatsandsweetbreadsaredifferentthingsB.thereshouldbeegginaneggplantC.pineapplesaretheapplesonthepinetreeD.boxingringsshouldberound48.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectplural?A.Beeth.B.Tooth.C.MeesE.D.GeesE.49.Whichofthefollowingincludestwoitemswhichhavethesimilarmeaning?A.A.wisemanandawiseguy.B.OverlookandoverseE.C.Quitealotandquiteafew.D.Hotashellandcoldashell.50.Theunderlinedwordswindupinthelastparagraphprobablymean______.A.blowB.finishC.gethurtD.rollup
OneeveninginFebruary2007astudentnamedPaulaCeelybroughthercartoastoponaremoteroadinWales.Shegotouttoopenametalgatethatblockedherpath.That’swhensheheardthewhistlesoundedbythedriverofatrain.HerRenaultCliowasparkedacrossarailwaylinE.Secondslatershewatchedthetraindraghercaralmostakilometredowntherailwaytracks.Ceely’snearmissmadethenewsbecausesheblameditontheGPS导航仪.ShehadneverdriventheroutebeforE.Itwasdarkandrainingheavily.CeelywasrelyingonherGPSbutitmadenomentionofthecrossing.IputmycompletetrustinthedeviceanditledmerightintothepathofaspeedingtrainshetoldtheBBC.Whoistoblamehere?RickStevensonwhotellsCeely’sstoryinhisbookWhenMachinesFailUspointsthefingeratthelimitationsoftechnology.WeputourfaithindigitaldeviceshesaysbutourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejoB.Theyarefilledwithsmallproblems.Andit’snotjustGPSdevices:Stevensontakesusonatourofdigitaldisastersinvolvingeverythingfrommobilephonestowirelesskeyboards.Theproblemwithhisargumentinthebookisthatit’snotclearwhyheonlyfocusesondigitaltechnologywhiletheremaybeanumberofotherpossiblecauses.A.map-makermighthaveleftthecrossingoffapapermap.MaybeweshouldblameCeelyfornotpayingattention.Perhapstherailwayauthoritiesareatfaultforpoorsingallingsystem.OrmaybesomeonehasstudiedtherelativedangersandworkedoutthattherereallyissomethingspecificwrongwiththeGPSequipment.ButStevensondoesn’tsay.It’saproblemthatrunsthroughthebook.InasectiononcarsStevensongivesanaccountoftheadvancedtechniquesthatcriminalsusetodefeatcomputer-basedlockingsystemsforcars.Heofferstwoindependentsetsoffiguresoncartheft;bothshowasmallriseinsomepartsofthecountry.HesaysthatonceagainnotallnewlockshaveprovedreliablE.Perhapsbutmaybeit’salsoduetotheshortageofpolicemenonthestreets.Orchangingsocialcircumstances.Orsomecombinationofthesefactors.Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplex.Itisshapedbyeconomicsandpsychologyandthecultureswelivein.Somewhereinthemixofthoseforcestheremaybeawayforawiseruseoftechnology.Ifthereissuchawayitshouldinvolvemorethanjustanawarenessoftheshortcomingsofourmachines.Afterallwehavelivedwiththemforthousandsofyears.Theyhaveprobablybeenfoolingusforjustaslong.4.WhatdidPaulaCeelythinkwasthecauseofheraccidentA.ShewasnotfamiliarwiththeroaD.B.Itwasdarkandrainingheavilythen.C.Therailwayworkersfailedtogivethesignal.D.HerGPSdevicedidn’ttellheraboutthecrossing.5.ThephrasenearmissParagraph2canbestbereplacedby______.A.closehitB.heavylossC.narrowescapeD.bigmistake6.WhichofthefollowingwouldRickStevensonmostprobablyagreewith?A.Moderntechnologyiswhatwecan’tlivewithout.B.Digitaltechnologyoftenfallsshortofourexpectation.C.DigitaldevicesaremorereliablethantheyusedtobE.D.GPSerrorisnottheonlycauseforCeely’saccident.
Ayoungpersonissaidtohaveabehaviordisorderwhenhisorherbehaviorisnoticeablydifferentfromthatexpectedintheschoolorcommunity.ThiscanalsobestatedinsimplertermsasachildwhoisnotdoingwhatadultswanthimtodoataparticulartimE.Childrenwiththisdisorderoftenseemtobebehavingindifferentandsociallyunacceptableways.LikelearningdisabilitiesbehaviordisordersarehardtodiagnosE.TherearenophysicalsymptomsinthebodythatareobservableormeasurablE.BehaviordisordersarethereforeidentifiedbyobservingbehaviorpatternsinthechildoveraperiodoftimE.Ifachilddisplayssomeofthefollowingbehaviorshemaybelabeledwithabehaviordisorder:◆Aggressionandcrueltytopeopleandanimals.◆Destructionofproperty—defacingordamagingthings.◆Littlesympathyandconcernforothers.◆Takesnoresponsibilityforbehavior.Alsoliescheatsandstealseasily.◆Disregardsrulesandregulations.InadditiontothesegeneralsymptomsofabehaviordisorderthereareothersymptomscharacteristicofmorespecificbehaviordisorderssuchasADHD—thisistheinattentivecan’t-sit-stillbehavior.Theattentioncan’tlastlongandthebehaviorisimpulsiveattimes.Thechildalsoseemsquitedistractedandforgetful.BehaviordisorderscomefrombraininjurychildabuseandshocketC.Therehavealsobeenindicationsthatitcouldbeageneticdisorder.Thebehaviorthereforeisaninvoluntaryresponsetotheseexperiencesandthechildshouldnotbeblamedforhisbehavior.SincethechildhasproblemscontrollinghisbehavioritstandstoreasonthathisperformanceinschoolwillbeaffecteD.A.childwithabehaviordisorderwillfeelbadabouthimselfandthatlowself-esteemwillbefurtherworsenedbytheadultsaroundhimwhodonottreathisconditionwithunderstandingandwillingnesstohelp.Behaviordisordersarebestdealtwithbybehaviorandpsychologicaltreatments.ButaswithlearningdisabilitiesaccuratediagnosisisimportantandthismustbeoveralengthoftimE.Itisalsoimportantintryingtomodifythebehaviortobeclearaboutwhatisthebehavioryouareexpecting.Makesureitisarationalexpectation.Forexampleexpectingathree-year-oldtositquietlythroughalongchurchservicemaynotbereasonableordemandingthatasix-year-olddoesextrahomeworkafteralongdayofschoolandextracurricularactivitiesmaybestretchingthechild’sconcentrationandattentiontoofar.SincesomebehaviordisordersresultfromshockingandupsettinglifeexperiencesorbraininjurytreatmentsshouldincludehelpingthechildtoresolveandhealemotionallyfromtheexperiencE.Thebehaviorcouldbecorrectedthroughemotionalhealing.Inotherwordswhenahumanbeingisemotionallyhealthythatiscanbeawareofhisintelligenceandenthusiasmforlifeandhislovingconnectednesstootherhumanbeingsheautomaticallybehavesrationally.Title:BehaviourDisordersPassageoutlineSupporting28▲DefinitionofabehaviourdisorderApersonmaybeconsideredtohaveabehaviourdisorderwhenhebehavesapparently29▲fromothers.SymptomsofabehaviordisorderBeing30▲andshowingnomercytoanimalsandotherpeopleTendingtododamagetothingsaroundhimHavinglittlesympathyorconcernforothersFailingto31▲forwhathehasdoneandnotbeinghonestLackingtheawarenessof32▲rulesandregulationsHavingdifficultyconcentratingonsomethingforlongFactors33▲inbehaviourdisordersSomeoutsideforcesmayleadtoabehaviourdisorder.Ageneticdisordergiving34▲toabehaviourdisorderhasalsobeenfounD.WaystodealwithbehaviourdisordersBehaviourtreatment:diagnosingsuchadisorder35▲andmodifyingthedisorderedbehaviourinarationalway.Psychologicaltreatment:attachingimportancetoimprovingthepatient’semotional36▲thusdevelopingaproperself-esteem.ConclusionA.behaviourdisorderisn’tnearly37▲todiagnosefromphysicalsymptomsbutitcanbedealtwithinbehaviourandpsychologicalways.
Peopleatriskofaheartattackorstrokecouldbenefitfromblood-pressure-loweringdrugseveniftheirbloodpressureisconsideredinthenormalhealthyrangE.Ifsuchdrugswereofferedtopeoplewithcardiac心脏的risksregardlessoftheirbloodpressureatthebeginningoftreatmentitcouldsavemillionsoflivesresearchersinOxfordUniversityfounD.Forthestudytheteamanalyzedmorethan120medicaltrialsincludingaround600000peopleconductedovertwodecadessayingtheirfindingsareacallforanurgentreviewofexistingbloodpressuretreatmentguidelines.OurfindingsclearlyshowthattreatingbloodpressuretoalowerlevelcouldgreatlyreducetheriskofcardiovasculardiseaseifwidelyconductedsaidstudyleadauthorKazemRahimi.Highbloodpressurehaslongbeenidentifiedasafactorinhigherrisksofheartdiseaseandstrokesandmakesmorethanabillionpeoplearoundtheglobeintorment—includingoneoutofthreeU.S.adults.BloodpressureisrecordedinmillimetersofmercurymmHgastwonumbersinaratio:systolicpressureinsidethearteries动脉whentheheartbeatsasthetopnumberanddiastolic舒张的pressurebetweenheartbeatsastheheartrestsandisrefilledwithblooD.Normalbloodpressureisconsideredat120/80orbelowandisconsideredhighat140/90oraboveaccordingtotheAmericanHeartAssociation.Theresearcherssaidtheirstudyshowedthatforeveryreductioninsystolicpressureof10mmHgtheriskofheartattackswasreducedbyafifthandthatofastrokearoundaquarter.Someexpertssaidtheythoughtthestudy’sfindingswereimportantbutdidoffersomewarnings.OneimportantwarningisthatnoteveryonewillbeabletotoleratehavingtheirbloodpressurereducedtolowlevelsandthereisaneedtobalancepossibledrugsideeffectsandlikelybenefitsSmeethsaiD.32.Whatdothefindingsindicate?A.Normalbloodpressuredoesn’tmeanahealthybody.B.Theexistingbloodpressuretreatmentisuseless.C.Highbloodpressureisthefirsthealthkiller.D.Highbloodpressurecausesmanydiseases.33.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordtormentinParagraph3mean?A.TolerancE.B.Debt.C.Pain.D.Despair.34.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph4?A.ToteachhowtomeasurebloodpressurE.B.TocomparehighandnormalbloodpressurE.C.Toexplainthefactorinheartattacksandstrokes.D.ToshowsomediseasesarerelatedtobloodpressurE.35.WhatcanbeinferredfromSmeeth’swords?A.Hethoughtlessofthefindings.B.Reducingbloodpressureisn’tsafeforeveryonE.C.Mostexpertsdisagreewiththefindings.D.Drugsideeffectsarebiggerthanbenefits.
Just50yearsagoManxseemedtobeonthepointofdisappearing.IfyouspokeManxinapubontheislandinthe1960sitwasconsideredprovocative挑衅的andyouwerelikelytofindyourselfinafightrecallsBrianStowella76-year-oldislanderwhohaswrittenaManx-languagenovelTheVampireMurdersandpresentsaradioshowonManxRadiospreadingthelanguageeverySunday.ThelanguageitselfissimilartotheGaelictonguesspokenintheisland'sneighboursIrelandandScotlanD.A.centuryagoMoghreymiewouldhavebeencommonlyheardinsteadofgoodmorningontheislanD.Inthe1860stherewerethousandsofManxpeoplewhocouldn'tspeakEnglishsaysStowell.ButonlyacenturylateritwasconsideredtobesobackwardstospeakthelanguagethattherewerestoriesofManxspeakersgettingstonesthrownattheminthetowns.Ilearntitmyselffromoneofthelastsurvivingnativespeakersbackinthe1950s.Recession经济衰退inthemid19thCenturyforcedmanyManxresidentstoleavetheislandtoseekworkinEnglanD.AndparentswerenotwillingtopassthelanguagedownthroughthegenerationswithmanybelievingthattohaveManxasafirstlanguagewouldaffectjobopportunitiesoverseas.TherewasafallinthelanguagE.Bytheearly1960stherewereperhapsasfewas200whospokethetonguE.ThelastnativespeakerNedMaddrelldiedin1974.Unesco联合国教科文组织pronouncedthelanguagediedoutinthe1990s.NowthereisevenaManxlanguageprimaryschoolinwhichallsubjectsaretaughtinthelanguagewithmorethan60pupilsattending.ManxisalsotaughtinotherschoolsacrosstheislanD.9.WhatdoesMoghreymiemeanaccordingtothepassage?A.Allthebest.B.Congratulations.C.NeverminD.D.Goodmorning.10.ManyManxpeoplewenttoEnglandto______.A.learnManxB.teachEnglishC.lookforjobsD.attendcollege11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheManxlanguagE.B.ThelifeofManxpeopleC.TheManxislanD.D.TheManxlanguageschool
Forgetaboutthepost-1995generation.Youngpeoplebornin1995orlaterhaveanothernameinEnglish—GenerationZ.NowenteringadulthoodandsoontojointheworkforceGenerationZgrewupinaspecialperiodoftime—atimeinwhichtechnologydevelopedfastsocialchangeshappenedeverydaytheinternetbecameuniversalandsadlysodidglobalterrorism.ItisbelievedthatGenerationZisthegenerationthatisgoingtoshapeourfuturewhichiswhypolicymakerssociologistsandcompanyleadersaretryingtheirbesttounderstandtheseyoungpeoplE.SowhatareGenZ-ersreallylike?MostpeopleagreethatthesinglebiggestdifferencebetweenGenZandothergenerationsishowconnectedtheyarE.Thisisagroupofpeoplewhohavebeenfamiliarwithsocialmediaassoonastheywereborn.SocialmediahaschangedthewayGenZ-erscommunicatewitheachotherandhowtheygetandunderstandinformation.Wearethefirsttruedigitalnatives.IcanalmostcreateadocumentedititpostaphotoonInstagramandtalkonthephoneallatthesametimesaidHannahPaynean18-year-oldstudentatUCLAaccordingtoTheNewYorkTimes.GenerationZtakesininformationveryfastandlosesinterestjustasfast.ItmaybetruethatGenerationZ-ershaveashorterattentionspan注意力持续时间thanagoldfishbutsincetheygrewupamongsocialchangestheyaremoreactiveinpolitics.AccordingtotheBritishElectionStudy58percentof18-to-24-year-oldvotedinthe2015generalelectionintheUKabigjumpfrom38percentin2005.GenerationZ-ersarealsoculturecreators.Growingupwiththeinternethasfreedthisgenerationfromtraditionalculturalexpression.WroteGraceMasbackaHuffingtonPostbloggerandaGenZ-erherself.AccordingtoMasbacktheseyoungpeoplearenolongerwillingtolettheircreativitybelimitedbytheirparentsoftraditionalrules.TheywatchvideosandreadnewsonlineinsteadofonTVandtheysharetheirexperiencesonsocialmediA.WedecidewhatkindofcontentwewanttoexperienceandchoosehowweexperienceitwroteMasback.13.WhichisTRUEaboutGenZ-ersaccordingtothearticle?A.Face-to-facecommunicationischallengingforthem.B.Oftendoingmanythingsatthesametimeaffectstheirefficiency.C.Theydon’tbothertothinkabouttheinformationtheytakeincarefully.D.Theyshowmoreinterestinpoliticsthaninotherfields.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.GenZ-ersenjoygreatfreedomtoexpressthemselves.B.GenZ-ersenjoyteachingtheirparentsaboutnewculturaltrends.C.GenZ-ersareagainsttraditionalculturE.D.GenZ-ersareunwillingtoobeytheirparents.15.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetowardsGenerationZ?A.WorriedB.CriticalC.AppreciativeD.Neutral中立的
—ThewomanbiologiststayedinAfricastudyingwildanimalsfor13yearsbeforeshereturneD.—Ohdear!She______alotofdifficulties!
In1880thetravellerandjournalistLafcadioHearnwaslivinginNewOrleansandwritingforacoupleoflocalpapersDailyCityItemandTimesDemocrat.HearnsensedthatNewOrleansexistsinastateofinsidiousdisintegration蜕变—crumblingintoashes—thankstoitsdangerousgeographyanditsfraudsandmaladministrations.AndyetHearnwrotetoafriendItisbettertolivehereinsackclothandashesthantoownthewholestateofOhio.NewOrleanianshavealwaysresembledNewYorkers;theytendtosharethesensethattoliveanywhereelsewouldleadinevitablytoastupidandpitiableexistencebeyondtheboundsofunderstanding.InpartthespiritofNewOrleansisrootedinthecity'sbelowsealevelunsteadinesstheconditionoflookingout—andevenup—atthewaterallaroundyoutheknowledgethatwatersaturates浸透thegroundyoustandon.KatrinathefiercehurricanethatdestroyedtheGulfCoastonAugust292005testedtheselfpossessionofeverycitizenwhosurvivedit.Morethaneighteenhundredpeopledidnotsurviveitandhundredsofthousandslosttheirhomes.Thestormandtheterriblefloodingthatfollowed—anaturaldisasterworsenedbyarangeofmanmadedisasters—revealedmuchthathadbeenfragileorrotteninHearn'stimeandgrewworsewitheverydecade:shabbycivilengineering;corruptandinefficientgovernmentinstitutions;anditturnedoutthatanAdministrationinWashingtonwitnessedfordaysacitydrowning—alargelyblackcitydrowning—andreactedwithannoyingindifferencE.Andyetinthefaceofabandonment—inhospitalsonrooftopsonhighwayoverpasses—theresidentsofNewOrleansbehavedwithresilience不折不挠.RebeccaSolnitanacuteobserverofKatrinaanditsaftermathhaswrittenThebeliefthataHobbesianwarofallagainstallhadbrokenloosejustifiedtreatingtheplaceasacrimezoneorevenanunfriendlycountryratherthanaplaceinwhichgrandmothersandchildrenweretrappedinfrightfulconditionsdesperatelyinneedoffoodwatershelterandmedicalattention.AlecSothaphotographerwholivesinMinneapolisandtravelstheMidwestandtheSouthwiththeenergyofalatterdayWalkerEvansdidnotjointheartistswhocametoNewOrleansadecadeagotocapturewhathecallstheeyecandyofrotandruin.Insteadhewaitedpreferringtocapturethecityofwatertenyearslateracityinastateofbothpersistentsufferingandpersistentrenewal.Sothshowsustheupsettingimageofafreestandingcolumn—allthatisleftofahouseinthehardhitLowerNinthWard—buthemovestowardavisionofpromisealonelyfigureathisleisurestaringintothewatersoftoday'sNewOrleans.31.NewOrleaniansaresimilartoNewYorkersinthat________.A.theyrefusetoleavetheirhomelandB.theyexistininsidiousdisintegrationC.theypossessdangerousgeographyD.theyhaveasenseofboringexistence32.WhatcanweknowfromthehurricaneKatrinaanditsdamagingconsequences?A.A.rangeofmanmadedisastersledtothefiercehurricanE.B.Thehurricanehappenedfollowingaterribleflooding.C.TheAmericangovernmentfailedtoprovidehelpandsupport.D.TheresidentsofNewOrleanshaveadeephatredforgovernors.33.WhydidAlecSothrefusetojoinotherartiststotakephotosofNewOrleansadecadeago?A.HealsotreatedNewOrleansasacrimezonE.B.HehadhighexpectationsofthefutureofNewOrleans.C.Hecouldn'tputupwiththesufferingthehurricanecauseD.D.HewastravelingtheMidwestandtheSouthwithWalkerEvans.
Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheballotherwisehe____agoal.
InancientJapanifyousavedsomeone’slifetheywouldmakeittheirdutytospendtherestoftheirlifeservingyou.Nowadaysifyourescuesomeone’sstoryheorshewillfeelthesamekindofgratitude感激.IthappensallthetimE.SomeoneinagroupistellingastoryandjustbeforetheirbigpointBOOM!There’saninterruption.Someonenewjoinsthegroupawaiterwithaplateofbiscuitscomesoverorababystartscrying.Suddenlyeveryone’sattentionturnstothenewarrivalthefoodontheplateorthecharminglittlechilD.Nobodyisawareoftheinterruption—exceptthespeaker.Theyforgetallaboutthefactthatthespeakerhasn’tmadehisorherpoint.Oryou’reallsittingaroundthelivingroomandsomeoneistellingajokE.Suddenlyjustbeforetheirbigpunchline妙语littleJohnnydropsadishorthephonerings.AfterthecrasheveryonetalksaboutlittleJohnny’scarelessness.Afterthecallthesubjectturnstotheupcomingmarriageormedicaloperationofthecaller.Nobodyremembersthegreatpunchlinegotunfinished—exceptthejoketeller.Whenit’syouentertainingeveryoneatarestauranthaveyouevernoticedhowyoucanalmostsetyourclockbythewaitercomingtotakeeveryone’sorderjustbeforeyourfunnypunchline?MostjokeandstorytellersaretooshytosayaftertheinterruptionNowasIwassayingInsteadthey’llspendtherestoftheeveningfeelingbadtheydidn’tgettofinish.Here’swhereyoucomein.RescuethemwiththetechniqueIcallLendaHelpingTonguE.Watchthegratitudeinthestoryteller’seyesashestabilizeswherehisstorysunkandhesailsoffagaintowardthecenterofattention.Hisexpressionandtheappreciationofyourconsiderationbytherestofthegroupareoftenrewardenough.YouareevenmorefortunateifyoucanrescuethestoryofsomeonewhocanhireyoupromoteyoubuyfromyouorotherwiseliftyourlifE.Bigwinnershaveexcellentmemories.WhenyoudothemsubtlefavorslikeLendaHelpingTonguetheyfindawaytopayyouback.28.Veryoftenastorytellercannotmakehispointbecause_________.A.peoplearemoreinterestedinfoodthanhisstoryB.manyguestsbringtheirbabiestothepartyC.heisinterruptedbysomethingunexpectedD.hisstoryiseasilyforgottenbythelisteners29.FromParagraph3weknowthatwhensomeoneistellingajoke_________.A.somethingbadwillsurelyhappenjustbeforetheirpunchlineB.listeners’attentionisoftendrawntosomethingelseC.theonlypersonreallyinterestedinthejokeisthejoketellerD.thewaiterknowswhentotakeeveryone’sorder30.Howcanwehelpthejokeandstorytellerswhentheyareinterrupted?A.Bygivingthemachancetofinish.B.Bycomfortingthemtomakethemhappy.C.Bygoingontellingthestoryforthem.D.Byteachingthemsomeusefultechniques.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Peopleshouldlearnhowtotaketurnsinaconversation.B.Wecanwinsomeone’sheartbygettinghimbacktohisstory.C.Tellingjokeswillmakeyouthecenterofattention.D.Itisimpolitetocutinonsomeone’stalk.
Siryou______besittinginthiswaitingroom.Itisforwomenandchildrenonly.
Thepoorboy_____thetestagain;inthatcasehismotherwillbeverydisappointeD.
Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheballotherwisehe____agoal.
HundredsofyearsagonewswascarriedfromplacetoplacebypeopleonfootorbyhorsE.Ittookdaysweeksandsometimesmonthsforpeopletoreceivenews.Nowitispossibletosendwordsandpicturesaroundtheworldinseconds.BillionsofpeoplelearnaboutnewsstoriesoftheirowncountryandallovertheworldeverydayeitherbywatchingTVorreadingnewspapers.Newspapershavebeenanimportantpartofeverydaylifesincethe18thcentury.Manycountrieshavehundredsofdifferentnewspapers.Howdonewspapereditorsdecidewhichnewsstoriestoprint?Whydotheyprintsomestoriesandnotothers?Whatmakesagoodnewspaperstory?Firstlyitisimportanttoreportnewstories.TVstationscanreportnewsmuchfasterthannewspapers.Yetnewspapersgivemoreaboutthesamestory.TheymayalsolookatthestoryinanotherwayortheymayprintcompletelydifferentstoriestothoseonTV.Secondlyanewsstoryhastobeinterestingandunusual.Peopledon'twanttoreadstoriesabouteverydaylifeasaresultmanystoriesareaboutsomekindofdangerandseemtobebadnews.Forexamplenewspapersneverprintstoriesaboutplaneslandingsafelyinsteadtheyprintstoriesaboutplaneaccidents.Anotherfactor因素isalsoveryimportantinmanynewsstories.Manypeopleareinterestedinnewsinforeigncountriesbutmoreprefertoreadstoriesaboutpeopleplacesandeventsintheirowncountry.SothestoriesonthefrontpageinChinesenewspapersareusuallyverydifferentfromtheonesinBritishFrenchandAmericannewspapers.25.Accordingtothepassagehowdopeoplelearnaboutnewsstoriesintheworldnow?A.TheycarrynewsstoriesandtellothersfromplacetoplaceonfootorbyhorsE.B.Theytelleachotherwhattheyhaveseenwiththeireyes.C.TheywatchTVorreadnewspapers.D.Theylistentotheradioeveryday.26.ThedifferencebetweennewspaperstoriesandTVnewsreportsisthat_____.A.peoplecanlearnmoreaboutthesamenewsstoryfromanewspaperB.peoplecanreadthenewsstorymorequicklyinanewspaperC.peoplecanreadnewsstoriesinothercountriesD.peoplecanreadnewsstoriesabouttheirowncountry27.Tomakeagoodnewspaperstoryhowmanyfactorsdoesthepassagetalkabout?A.Two.B.ThreE.C.FivE.D.Six.28.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingcanyoumostpossiblywatchonTV?A.Youoftenplayfootballwithyourfriendsafterschool.B.YourteacherhasgotacolD.C.A.tigerinthecityzoohasrunoutandhasn'tbeencaught.D.Thebikeinthefrontofyourhouseislost.
ProudlyreadingmywordsIglancedaroundtheroomonlytofindmyclassmatesbearingbigsmilesontheirfacesandtearsintheireyes.ConfusedIglancedtowardmystone-facedteacher.HavingnochoiceIslowlyraisedthereportIhadslavedoverhopingtohidemyself.Whatcouldbecausingeveryonetoactthisway?QuicklyIflashedbacktothedayMissLancelotgavemethetask.ThiswasthefirstrealtalkIreceivedinmynewschool.Itseemedsimple:goontheInternetandfindinformationaboutamannamedGeorgeWashington.SincemyideaofhistorycamefromanancientteacherinmyhomecountryIhadneverheardofthatnamebeforE.AsIsearchedthenameofthisfellowitbecameevidentthatthereweretwopeoplebearingthesamenamewholookedcompletelydifferent!OneinventedhundredsofusesforpeanutswhiletheotherledsomesortofarmyacrossAmericA.Istaredatthescreenwonderingwhichonemyteachermeant.Icalledmygrandfatherforagoldenpieceofadvice;flip掷acoin.Heads—thecommanderandtails—thepeanutsguy.Ah!TailsmyreportwouldbeaboutthegreatmanwhoinventedpeanutbutterGeorgeWashingtonCarver.WeekslaterstandingbeforethisunfriendlymassIwastotallylost.OhwellIloweredthepaperandsatdownatmydeskburningtofindoutwhatIhaddonewrong.AsaclassmatebeganhisreportitallbecameclearMyreportisonGeorgeWashingtonthemanwhostartedtheAmericanRevolution.Thewholeworldbecamequite!HowcouldIknowthatshemeantthatGeorgeWashington?Obviouslymygradewasawful.HeartbrokenbutfearlessIdecidedtoturnthisarounD.ItalkedtoMissLancelotbutsheinsisted:Nore-dos;nonewgradE.IfeltthatthepunishmentwasnotjustifiedandIbelievedIdeservedasecondchancE.ConsequentlyIthrewmyselfheartilyintomyworkfortherestoftheschoolyear.TenmonthslaterthatchanceunfoldedasIfoundmyselfsittingintheheadmaster’sofficewithmygrandfathernowhavinganentirelydifferentconversation.IsmiledandflashedbacktotheembarrassingmomentatthebeginningoftheyearastheheadmasterinformedmeofmyoptiontoskipthesixthgradE.Justiceissweet!9.Whatdidtheauthor’sclassmatesthinkabouthisreport?A.interestingB.ridiculous.C.boring.D.puzzling.10.Whywastheauthorconfusedaboutthetask?A.HewasunfamiliarwithAmericanhistory.B.Hefollowedtheadviceandflippedacoin.C.Heforgothisteacher’sinstruction.D.Hewasnewattheschool.11.TheunderlinedwordburninginParA.3probablymeans_______.A.annoyedB.ashamedC.readyD.eager12.Intheendtheauthorturnedthingsaround_______.A.byredoinghistaskB.throughhisowneffortsC.withthehelpofhisgrandfatherD.undertheguidanceofhisheadmaster
In1974whenIwas181tookuphang-glidingandparagliding.TodayI'maprofessionalhang-glideinstructorbutatthetimeIwasoneofonlyaboutadozeninthecountrydoingit.Iwasluckytosurvive:thesportwassonewanddangerousthen.In1997IheardabouttheBirdmancompetitioninwhichparticipants参与者competetoflythefurthestdistance;Ithoughtitsoundedlikefun.Ifeltthatahang-gliderwhichusuallytravelsaround90metrescouldgoasfaras100metresoneday.Thefirstleapwasfrightening:ahugecrosswindmeantIhadtotakeoffatalmost90degreesanditwasdifficulttomanagE.ButIcamebackandnowparticipateinthevariousBirdmancompetitionsthattakeplaceacrossthecountryattractingseriousandsillycompetitorsalike.It'staken17yearstobreakthe100metrebarrierandIwasthefirsttodoit.WhenIbroketheworldrecordin2014ItookofffromWorthingpier码头anddidn'ttouchdownfor20seconds.Itwasthelongesteverflightfromapiercarryingme159.8metresuntilItouchedthewater.Twentysecondsisalongtimewhenyou'redoing45milesanhourflyingoverthewaves.ThoughIstillholdthedistancerecordIdidn'tWinthe2015Birdmancompetition.Thispastyearhasbeenmoredifficult.I'mnearly60now.Competitorshavealwaysjokedabouthowthey'llprobablybethrowingmeoffthepier.IhadoperationsonmykneesandthenthreeweeksbeforethisyearscompetitionatBognorRegisIhadamildheartattack.ImanagedtocompeteagainbutIdidn'tfeelright.MywifewasobviouslyveryconcernedbutIkeepfit.AslongasIdon'toverworkmyself;andprepareproperlyfortheeventthere'snoreasonIcan'tdoitforthenext1213years.NextyearI'mgoingtowinitagain.8.Thepassagemainlytalksaboutthewriter's.A.enthusiasmaboutasportB.knowledgeabouthang-glidingC.difficultiesinhiscareerD.recordsinBirdmancompetitions9.Whatcanbelearnedabouthang-glidingin1974?A.Itwasquitepopular.B.Itwasfullofrisks.C.Ithadarecordof100meters.D.Ithadabout12instructors.10.Thewriterfailedtowinthecompetitionin2015becausehe.A.didn'ttakeitseriouslyenoughB.wastooproudofhisrecordC.wasthrownoffthepierbyothersD.wasinapoorphysicalcondition11.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriter?A.ConsideratE.B.Humorous.C.DetermineD.D.Patent
InearliesttimesmenconsideredlightningtobeoneofthegreatmysteriesofnaturE.Someancientpeoplebelievedthatlightningandthunderweretheweaponsofthegods.Inrealitylightningisaflowofelectricityformedhighabovetheearth.A.singleflashoflightning1.6kilometreslonghasenoughelectricitytolightonemillionlightbulbs灯泡.TheAmericanscientistandstatesmanBenjaminFranklinwasthefirsttoshowtheconnectionbetweenelectricityandlightningin1752.Inthesameyearhealsobuiltthefirstlightningrod避雷针.Thisdeviceprotectsbuildingsfrombeingdamagedbylightning.Modernsciencehasdiscoveredthatonestrokeoflightninghasavoltage电压ofmorethan15millionvolts伏特.A.flashoflightningbetweenacloudandtheearthmaybeaslongas13kilometersandtravelataspeedof30millionmetersperseconD.Scientistsjudgethatthereareabout2000millionflashesoflightningperyear.LightninghitstheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkCity30to48timesayear.IntheUnitedStatesaloneitkillsanaverageofonepersoneveryday.Thesafestplacetobeincaseofanelectricalstormisinaclosedcar.Outsideoneshouldgotolowgroundandnotgetundertrees.Alsooneshouldstayoutofwaterandawayfrommetalfences.Insideahousepeopleshouldavoidopendoorwaysandwindowsandnottouchwiresormetalthings.Withlightningitisbettertobesafethansorry?9.Peopleoncethoughtlightningcamefrom________.A.theskyB.thegodsC.theearthD.nature10.Lightningcantravel________.A.asquicklyaswaterB.notsoquicklyaselectricityC.atverylowspeedD.atveryhighspeed11.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.IntheU.Saboutonepersonperdaydiesfromlightning.B.TheEmpireStateBuildingfrequentlygetshitbylightning.C.SwimmingduringathunderstormisagoodideA.D.A.closedcaristhebestplacetobeduringanelectricalstorm.12.Accordingtothepassagewhatdoyouthinkallbuildingsneed?A.Metalfences.B.Electricity.C.lightningrods.D.Machines.
I_____myson____adoctorbuthewasn’tgoodenoughatsciencE.
Themengotoutandpushedthebus.Butit____movenotonebit.
IhavenomemoryofDecember27.2015;butIcantellyouthismuch̶̶̶̶̶̶̶̶̶itwasthedaymyfive-year-oldsonDanesavedmylifE.AllthepracticingDaneandIhaddonecametogetherthatday.Teachinghimtolearnourhomeaddresshowtousethephonehowtodial911andhowtoanswerthequestionsa911operatormightaskhimifhedidhavetocall̶̶̶paidoff.Atabout3:30thatafternoonIwasn’tfellingwellandhadbeenlyingonthesofA.AtsomepointIwenttothebathroomanditwastherethatIfelldownandwentunconsciousness.WhenIfellmyfacehitthefloorcausingtwoofmyteethtobreakoff.Andmybodyblockedthedoor.DanemusthaveheardmefallbecausehecametothebathroomandcalledouttomE.WhenIdidnotanswerhimhelookedinthroughagapinthedoorandsawthebloodfrommyinjuredmouth.That’swhenhistrainingkickedin.FirstDanephonedmymother̶̶hisgrandma̶̶andwhenGrandmadidn’tanswerthephonehecalled911.DaneremainedcalmstayedonthelineandtoldtheoperatorwhathadhappenedandwhereweliveD.Heturnedontheoutsidelightandopenedthedoorforpoliceandparamedics医务人员andthenledthemtomE.RecentlyemergencyrespondersinTaberthetownwherewelivehonoredDaneathisschoolduringanassembly集会ofhiskindergartenclassmatesandotherstudents.TheTaberPoliceServicepraisedmysonandgivehimacertificate证书inrecognitionofhisknowingexactlywhattodoinanemergencysituation.Danesavedmylifeandheismyangel!IfIhadnottaughtmysonhowtoreactiftherewaseveranemergencyinourhomeIamquitecertainthatIwouldnotbealivenow.Istronglysuggestotherparentsunderstandthelife-and-deathimportanceoftakingthetimetoteachtheirkidstheseskillstoo.ChildrencanlearnthesethingsataveryyoungagE.Iknowthisfirst-handasDanewasthreeyearsoldwhenIstartedteachinghim.29.AccordingtothetextDane.A.wonacertificateforexcellenttestscoresB.taughthimselfemergencyknowledgeat3C.oncesavedhisfatherwithhismother’shelpD.begantolearnemergencyknowledgein201330.AccordingtoParagraph3Danecanbebestdescribedas.A.hard-workingbutproudB.honestandcarefulC.skilledandcalmD.shyandhelpful31.Whichofthefollowingstatementswilltheauthoragreewith?A.EmergencydoeshappenofteninoureverydaylifE.B.Parentsshouldteachtheiryoungchildrenhowtodealwithemergency.C.ParentsmustlearntobeparamedicsbeforelearningemergencyknowledgE.D.Itdoesn’ttakemuchtimeandpatiencetoteachchildrenemergencyknowledgE.
Hishomework______butit_____.
ItwasintheVictorianEra维多利亚时期thatthenovelbecametheleadingformofliteratureinEnglish.Mostwritersweremoreconcernedtomeetthetastesofthemiddleclass.ThebestknownworksoftheperiodincludedtheworksofCharlesDickensandtheBrontésistersandothers.CharlesDickenscameontheliterarysceneinthe1830s.DickenswrotevividlyaboutLondonlifeandthestrugglesofthepoor.Mostofhisworkswerewritteninaveryhumorousstylewhichwaspopularwithreadersofallclasses.TheBrontésisterswereEnglishwritersofthe1840sand1850s.TheybegantowritefromearlychildhooD.In1846theypublishedthefirstbookattheirownexpenseaspoets;howevertheirbookattractedlittleattentionsellingonlytwocopies.Thenthesistersturnedtowritingnovelseachproducinganovelinthefollowingyear.AninterestinruralmattersandthechangingsocialandeconomicsituationofthecountrysidemaybeseeninthenovelsofThomasHardyandanumberofothers.LiteratureforchildrendevelopedasasinglestylE.Someworksbecamewell－knownsuchasthoseofLewisCarrollandEdwardLear.Adventurenovelswerewrittenforadultsbutarenowgenerallygroupedinthelistforchildren.HelenBeatrixPotterwasanEnglishauthorattheendoftheVictorianErabestknownforherchildren'sbookswhichfeaturedanimalcharacters.InherthirtiesPotterpublishedthehighlysuccessfulchildren'sbookTheTaleofPeterRabbitin1902.24.WhatcanweknowaboutCharlesDickensfromthetext?A.HedescribedthestrugglesofthepoorinLondon.B.Heshowedaninterestinruralmattersinhiswriting.C.HefocusedonchangingsocialandeconomicsituationofthecountrysidE.D.Hepublishedthehighlysuccessfulchildren'sbook.25.WhichisTRUEabouttheBrontésisters?A.TheywereEnglishwritersofthe1830s.B.TheypaidtohavetheirfirstbookpublisheD.C.TheybegantheirwritingfromadulthooD.D.Theirfirstbookwassuccessful.26.Theauthorstatesinthelastparagraphthat________.A.societychangedrapidlyintheVictorianEraB.ThomasHardywasnotasfamousasLewisCarrollC.EdwardLearwasfamousforwritingaboutanimalsD.adventurenovelswerenotwrittenforchildrenatfirst27.Thistextismainlyabout________.A.literatureintheVictorianEraB.writingstylesintheVictorianEraC.famousworksintheVictorianEraD.theimportanceofliteratureintheVictorianEra
江苏省南通市2009期末调研－MaryhowdidyourMathtestgo?－IhadthoughtI_________butinfactIcameinthetop10%inmyclass.
—Whydidn’tyouputyourcellphoneinyourovercoatpocket?—IbutIwasafraiditwouldbestolen.
_______Ipassedtheinterview!___Goodlucktoyou.nexttime!
InitsearlyhistoryChicagohadfloodsfrequentlyespeciallyinthespringmakingthestreetssomuddythatpeoplehorsesandcartsgotstuck.Anoldjokethatwaspopularatthetimewentsomethinglikethis:A.manisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.AskedifheneedshelpherepliesNothanks.I'vegotagoodhorseundermE.Thecityplannerdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage排水systembuttheresimplywasn'tenoughdifferencebetweentheheightofthegroundlevelandthewaterlevel.TheonlytwooptionsweretolowertheChicagoRiverorraisethecity.AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecity'sstreetsbyasmuchas12feet.Thisofcoursecreatedanewproblem:dirtpracticallyburiedthefirstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago.Buildingownerswerefacedwithachoice:eitherchangethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsintobasementsandthesecondstoriesintomainfloorsorhoisttheentirebuildingstomeetthenewstreetlevel.Smallwood-framebuildingscouldbeliftedfairlyeasily.ButwhataboutlargeheavystructureslikeTremontHotelwhichwasasix-storybrickbuilding?That'swhereGeorgePullmancamein.Hehaddevelopedsomehouse-movingskillssuccessfully.ToliftabigstructureliketheTremontHotelPullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrews螺旋千斤顶beneaththebuilding'sfoundation.Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsectionofroughly10jackscrews.AtPullman'ssigneachmanturnedhisjackscrewthesameamountatthesametimetherebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly.AstonishinglytheTremontHotelstayopenduringtheentireoperationandmanyofitsguestsdidn'tevennoticeanythingwashappening.Somepeopleliketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution.ButinChicago'searlyhistoryeveryengineeringsolutionseemedtocreateanewproblem.NowthatChicago'swastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiverthecity'snextstepwastocleanthepollutedriver.5.Theauthormentionsthejoketoshow______.A.horseswerefairlyusefulinChicagoB.Chicago'sstreetswereextremelymuddyC.ChicagowasverydangerousinthespringD.theChicagopeoplewereparticularlyhumorous6.ThecityplannerswereconvincedbyEllisChesbroughto_______.A.getridofthestreetdirtB.lowertheChicagoRiverC.fightagainstheavyfloodsD.buildthepipesaboveground7.WhatcanweconcludeaboutthemovingoperationoftheTremontHotel?A.ItwentonsmoothlyasintendeD.B.Itinterruptedthebusinessofthehotel.C.ItinvolvedPullmanturningtenjackscrews.D.Itseparatedthebuildingfromitsfoundation.8.ThepassageismainlyabouttheearlyChicago's______.A.popularlifestylesandtheirinfluencesB.environmentaldisastersandtheircausesC.engineeringproblemsandtheirsolutionsD.successfulbusinessmenandtheirachievements
In1854LouisPasteurassumedthedutiesofaprofessoratauniversityinFrancE.Meanwhileheconductedstudiestofindoutwhatcausedmilkandotherdrinkscontainingalcoholtobecomesour.HisbreakthroughcamewhenhediscoveredthatthesouringwascausedbybacteriaintheliquiD.Hethendevelopedaprocessthroughwhichthebacteriacouldberemovedbyboilingtheliquidandthencoolingit.ThismethodcalledpasteurizationinhishonorbecamewidespreaD.AtthattimesilkproducersweresufferingbecausetheeggsofthewormsthatmadethesilkweredyingfromanunknowndiseasE.Pasteurdiscoveredthebacteriathatwerekillingtheeggsanddevelopedamethodtokillthegerms.Pasteurnextturnedhisattentiontorabiesadeadlydiseasethatanimalstransferredtohumans.ManypeoplethoughtPasteurwaswastinghistimebutPasteurignoredtheirdoubtsandcontinuedhiseffortstofindacureforrabies.OneofhispatientswasasickboywhosemotherhadturnedtoPasteurforhelp.Pasteurtoldthemotherthathehadinventedavaccinethatwasstrongenoughtokilltheinvisibleenemy.Hesaidthathewoulduseaneedletoinjectthevaccineintotheboy.Thevaccinewouldthenfightthegermsjustlikeasoldierfightsinawar.Thatboywasthefirstpersontoreceivethevaccineandthetreatmentwasasuccess.AfterthatnoonehadtobeafraidofrabiesanymorE.Peoplewhohadlaughedathimbeforenowrespectedhim.Pasteurhadbelievedinhimselfandhadnotgivenup.Hehadwonthebattlewiththeenemy.21.Pasteurhelpedthe________industrywiththemethodnamedafterhim.A.constructionB.energyC.beerD.service22.WhydoesPasteurcomparehisrabiestreatmentwithsoldiers?A.Toencouragepeopletopitytheman.B.Toimplythatthevaccinewasstrong.C.Toexpresshisfeelingsaboutwars.D.Toshowthatthegermscouldbeuseful.23.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.TheteachingtechniquesthatPasteuremployeD.B.Pasteur’sinterestinakeymanufacturingprocess.C.Pasteur’spsychologicalissuesandtheirtreatment.D.TheadvancesthatPasteurachievedinhisfielD.
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