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下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提的是正确信息，请选择A：如果该句提的是错误信息，请选择B：如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 Son...
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{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ????????SingingAlarmsCouldSave theBlind{{/B}}??Ifyoucannotseeyoumaynotbeabletofind yourwayoutofaburningbuilding-andthatcouldbefatal.AcompanyinLeeds could{{U}}?51?{{/U}}allthatwithdirectional定向的soundalarms capableofguidingyoutotheexit.??SoundAlertacompanyrun {{U}}?52?{{/U}}theUniversityofLeedsisinstallingthealarmsina residentialhomefor{{U}}?53?{{/U}}peopleinSommersetandaresource centrefortheblindinCumbria.Thealarmsproducea{{U}}?54?{{/U}} rangeoffrequenciesthatenablethebrainto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}wherethe soundiscomingfrom.??DeborahWithingtonofSoundAlertsays thatthealarmsusemostofthefrequenciesthatcanbe{{U}}?56?{{/U}} byhumans.Itisaburstofwhitenoisethatpeoplesaysoundslikestatic 静电噪音ontheradioshesays.itslife-savingpotentialis{{U}}?57 ?{{/U}}.??Sheconductedanexperimentinwhichpeoplewere filmedbythermal-imaging热效应成像camerastryingtofindtheir{{U}}?58 ?{{/U}}outofalargesmoke-filledroom.It{{U}}?59?{{/U}}them nearlyfourminutestofindthedoorwithoutasoundalarm{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}only15secondswithone.??Withingtonstudieshowthe brain{{U}}?61?{{/U}}soundsattheuniversity.Shesaysthatthe {{U}}?62?{{/U}}ofawidebandoffrequenciescanbepinpointed精确地确定 moreeasilythanthesourceofanarrowband.Alarms{{U}}?63?{{/U}}on thesameconcepthavealreadybeeninstalledonemergencyvehicles.? ?Thealarmswillalsoincluderisingorfallingfrequenciesto {{U}}?64?{{/U}}whetherpeopleshouldgoupordownstairs.Theywere {{U}}?65?{{/U}}withtheaidofalargegrantfromBritishNuclear Fuels.
OntheTrain ThenighttrainfromGlasgowwassocrowdedthatDonaldwhowasonhiswaytoLondontofindatemporaryjobfortheuniversityvacationwishedthathehaddecidedtotravelbyday.Hehadneverbeensohardup. Hegotonthetrainandwalkedalongthecorridorofthesecond-classcompartments.Hecouldn’’tfindaseatanywhere.Hecouldnotaffordtotravelfirstclassandhedidnotwanttostandinthecorridor.Neitherdidhewanttositonhissuitcase.Hewassotiredthathedecidedtositdowninafirstclasscompartmentatleastforawhile.Hesoonfoundonewithasingleoccupant乘客agentlemanreadingdocumentsfromabriefcase.Withtheself-assuranceofafirstclasstravelerheopenedthedoorandwentin.Nosoonerhadhesatdownthantheticketinspectorarrived.Whatbadluck!Nowhewouldhavetopaytheexcess额外的fare.Asheturnedouthispockettofindenoughmoneyhesawthegentlemanwaswatchinghimwithamusement.Itwashumiliating令人感到羞辱的.Howeverhewassotiredthathesoonfellasleep. Presentlyhearinganoisehehalfopenedhiseyes.Notonlydidhenoticethathistravelingcompanionhadgonebuthealsosawthatarough-lookingmanwassearchingthroughthebusinessman’’sbriefcase.Donaldgrabbedthebriefcaseandwrenched猛夺itfreekickingattheman’’sleg.Themanfled. ThenthebusinessmanreturnedandfoundDonaldholdingthebriefcaseandpeeringinsideit.Donaldrealizedthathewasinquiteanawkwardsituationbutthemanwassmiling.Norwasthistheonlysurprisingthing.NotonlywasthegentlemanwhointroducedhimselfasMr.SmithsmilingbuthethankedDonaldwarmly.OnhiswaybacktothecompartmentMr.Smithhadseenthemanleavinginagreathurry.HehadsoquicklyassessedthesituationthatheknewDonaldwasinnocent. OnlyafteralongchatinwhichDonaldwasaskedmanyquestionsabouthimselfdidDonalddiscoverthatMr.SmithwasinfactmanagingdirectorofalargefactoryinLondon.DonaldhadneverimaginedthatthisstrangeincidentwouldhelphimtofindajobbutjustastheywereleavingthetrainMr.SmithofferedhimthepostoftemporaryNightSecurityOfficerforhisfactory. Donaldwentintoafirst-classcompartmentasifhewere______.
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{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ????????SingingAlarmsCouldSave theBlind{{/B}}??Ifyoucannotseeyoumaynotbeabletofind yourwayoutofaburningbuilding-andthatcouldbefatal.AcompanyinLeeds could{{U}}?51?{{/U}}allthatwithdirectional定向的soundalarms capableofguidingyoutotheexit.??SoundAlertacompanyrun {{U}}?52?{{/U}}theUniversityofLeedsisinstallingthealarmsina residentialhomefor{{U}}?53?{{/U}}peopleinSommersetandaresource centrefortheblindinCumbria.Thealarmsproducea{{U}}?54?{{/U}} rangeoffrequenciesthatenablethebrainto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}wherethe soundiscomingfrom.??DeborahWithingtonofSoundAlertsays thatthealarmsusemostofthefrequenciesthatcanbe{{U}}?56?{{/U}} byhumans.Itisaburstofwhitenoisethatpeoplesaysoundslikestatic 静电噪音ontheradioshesays.itslife-savingpotentialis{{U}}?57 ?{{/U}}.??Sheconductedanexperimentinwhichpeoplewere filmedbythermal-imaging热效应成像camerastryingtofindtheir{{U}}?58 ?{{/U}}outofalargesmoke-filledroom.It{{U}}?59?{{/U}}them nearlyfourminutestofindthedoorwithoutasoundalarm{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}only15secondswithone.??Withingtonstudieshowthe brain{{U}}?61?{{/U}}soundsattheuniversity.Shesaysthatthe {{U}}?62?{{/U}}ofawidebandoffrequenciescanbepinpointed精确地确定 moreeasilythanthesourceofanarrowband.Alarms{{U}}?63?{{/U}}on thesameconcepthavealreadybeeninstalledonemergencyvehicles.? ?Thealarmswillalsoincluderisingorfallingfrequenciesto {{U}}?64?{{/U}}whetherpeopleshouldgoupordownstairs.Theywere {{U}}?65?{{/U}}withtheaidofalargegrantfromBritishNuclear Fuels.
MaleandFemalepilotscauseaccidentsdifferently MalepilotsflyinggeneralaviationprivateaircraftintheUnitedStatesaremorelikelytocrashduetoinattentionorflaweddecisionmakingwhilefemalepilotsaremorelikelytocrashfrommishandlingtheaircraft.ThesearetheresultsofastudybyresearchersattheJohnsHopkinsUniversityBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth. Thestudyidentifiesthedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemalepilotsintermsofcircumstancesofthecrashandthetypeofpilotserrorinvolved.Crashesofgeneralaviationaircraftaccountfor85percentofallaviationdeathsintheUnitedStates.ThecrashrateformalepilotsasformotorvehicledriversexceedsthatofcrashesoffemalepilotsexplainsSusanP.BakerMPHprofessorofhealthpolicyandmanagementattheBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth.Becausepilotyouthandinexperienceareestablishedcontributorstoaviationcrasheswefocusedononlymaturepilotstodeterminethegenderdifferencesinthereasonsforthecrash. Theresearchersextracteddataforthisstudyfromalargeresearchprojectonpilotagingandflightsafety.Thedataweregatheredfromgeneralaviationcrashesofairplanesandhelicoptersbetween1983and1997involving144femalepilotsand267malepilotsaged40-63.Femalepilotswerematchedwithmalepilotsina1:2ratiobyageclassesofmedicalandpilotcertificatesstateorareaofcrashandyearofcrash.Thenthecircumstancesofthecrashesandthepiloterrorinvolvedwerecategorizedandcodedwithoutknowledgeofpilotgender. Theresearchersfoundthatlossofcontrolonlandingortakeoffwasthemostcommoncircumstanceforbothsexesleadingto59percentoffemalepilots’crashesand36percentofmales’’.Experiencingmechanicalfailurerunningoutoffuelandlandingtheplanewiththelandinggearupwereamongthefactorsmorelikelywithmaleswhilestallingwasmorelikelywithfemales. Themajorityofthecrashes—95percentforfemalesand88percentformales—involvedatleastonetypeofpiloterror.Mishandlingaircraftkineticswasthemostcommonerrorforbothsexesbutwasmorecommonamongfemalesaccountingfor81percentofthecrashesthanmalesaccountingfor48percent.Maleshoweverappearedmorelikelytobeguiltyofpoordecision-makingrisk-takingandinattentivenessexamplesofwhichincludemisjudgingweatherandvisibilityorflyinganaircraftwithaknowndefect.Femalesthoughmorelikelytomishandleorlosecontroloftheaircraftweregenerallymorecarefulthantheirmalecounterparts. inattention/n.疏忽 aviation/n.航空 flawed/adj.有缺陷的 mishandle/v.瞎弄乱处理 MPHMasterofPublicHealth公共卫生硕士 gender/n.性性别 runout耗尽用完 stallv.飞机失速发动机熄火 kinetics/n.动力学 WhatistheresearchatJohnsHopkinsUniversityabout?
IsThisASenselessNotion? Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhentheyare18andthetruthisfarfromthatsociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsinsays.Todayunexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents.ThereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclassdeclaressociologistAllanSchnailbergofNorthwesternUniversitywhoseson19movedbackafteranabsenceofeightmonths. Analysisciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Themarriageageisrisingaconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearemakingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsometheexpenseofanaway-fromhomecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduationyoungpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbytheskyrocketinghousingcosts. LivingathomesaysKnightonaschoolteachercontinuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed.It’’sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome.Butsharingthefamilyrequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethehasslesoverbathroomstelephonesandprivacy.Somefamilieshowevermanagethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothersitprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco24hasbeenreturnedhomethreetimesandleftthreetimes.WhatIconsideredasocialdrinkmydadconsideredanalcoholproblemsheexplains.HeneverlikedanyoneIdatedsoIeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends’houses. Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Childrenstrugglingtoestablishseparateidentitiescanendupwithasenseofinadequacydefeatandfailure.Andagingparentswhoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedomfindthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisitshowevercanworkedbeneficially. Accordingtothepassagewhatisthebestforbothparentsandchildren?
UnitedNations AmajorsegmentoftheUntiedNationsistheGeneralAssemblywhichconsistsofrepresentativesfromallgovernmentsthathaveratifiedtheUNCharter.Asof1995185stateshadmembershipinthegeneralAssembly.AdditionallytheVaticanSwitzerlandandthePalestineLiberationOrganizationhavenonvotingobserverstatusintheGeneralAssembly.TheGeneralAssemblyapprovestheUN’’sbudgetactswiththeSecurityCounciltoselecttheSecretary-generalandjudgesoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeandpassesresolutionsonissuesrangingfromself-determinationandcolonialismtowomen’’srightsandtheglobaldistributionofwealth. TheGeneralAssemblycanmeetandvoteonanysubjectunlesstheSecurityCouncilisdealingwithitoratleastpretendingto.Howeveritsdecisionsonlycarrymoralforce—unliketheCouncil’’s.They’’renotbindingininternationallaws.ButtheAssemblyvotesareanimportantopinionpollonhowandwhatthemajorityoftheworldthinksaboutissues.Importantquestionsneedatwo-thirdsvoteoftheAssemblytopass. Thequestionofwhatisanimportantquestionisn’’timportant.Itsdecidedbythedelegatesthemselves—byasimplemajority. AlthoughtheGeneralAssemblyhasnotrecognizedauthoritytoenforceitsconclusionsonanythingotherthaninternalUNmattersitmakesitsviewpointsonissuesthatarebroughtbeforeitisknowninoneofthethreeways.AGeneralAssemblydeclarationisabroadstatementofgeneralprinciplesuchastheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightspassedin1948.Declarationsareoftenputforwardasanexpressionofanidealinpracticetheyareregularlyignored.AGeneralAssemblyresolutionisessentiallyadocumentthatrecommendsthatmemberstatestakeaparticularpolicyaction.StatesclaimsovereigntyandmaketheirowndecisionsastowhethertheywillfollowaGeneralAssemblyresolution.Insomecaseshoweverifmanystatesimplementaparticularresolutionotherstatesthatmaynotwishtoactontheresolutionmayfeelthemselvespressuredtodosoanyway.Attheveryleastaresolutionhastheeffectoflegitimizingthepoliciesofthosestatesthatwishtocomplywiththeresolution.FinallyaGeneralAssemblyconventionortreatyhastwomeanings.ThemorecomprehensiveconventionreferstomultilateraltreatiesvotedonbytheGeneralAssemblythatuponpassagebytheGeneralAssemblyarecarriedbacktothecapitalsofmemberstatesforratificationbywhatevermeanseachstateusesdomestically.InothercasesaGeneralAssemblyconventionrefersspecificallytoatreatysignedbetweentheUnitedNationsandthegovernmentofanation-stateaswhenin1956EgyptagreedtoallowUnitedNationspeacekeepingforcestoenterEgyptianterritory. TheGeneralAssemblymakesitsviewpointsintheGeneralAssemblyratification.
IsThisASenselessNotion? Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhentheyare18andthetruthisfarfromthatsociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsinsays.Todayunexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents.ThereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclassdeclaressociologistAllanSchnailbergofNorthwesternUniversitywhoseson19movedbackafteranabsenceofeightmonths. Analysisciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Themarriageageisrisingaconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearemakingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsometheexpenseofanaway-fromhomecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduationyoungpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbytheskyrocketinghousingcosts. LivingathomesaysKnightonaschoolteachercontinuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed.It’’sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome.Butsharingthefamilyrequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethehasslesoverbathroomstelephonesandprivacy.Somefamilieshowevermanagethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothersitprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco24hasbeenreturnedhomethreetimesandleftthreetimes.WhatIconsideredasocialdrinkmydadconsideredanalcoholproblemsheexplains.HeneverlikedanyoneIdatedsoIeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends’houses. Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Childrenstrugglingtoestablishseparateidentitiescanendupwithasenseofinadequacydefeatandfailure.Andagingparentswhoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedomfindthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisitshowevercanworkedbeneficially. Oneofthedisadvantagesofyoungadultsreturningtostaywiththeirparentsisthat______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ????????SingingAlarmsCouldSave theBlind{{/B}}??Ifyoucannotseeyoumaynotbeabletofind yourwayoutofaburningbuilding-andthatcouldbefatal.AcompanyinLeeds could{{U}}?51?{{/U}}allthatwithdirectional定向的soundalarms capableofguidingyoutotheexit.??SoundAlertacompanyrun {{U}}?52?{{/U}}theUniversityofLeedsisinstallingthealarmsina residentialhomefor{{U}}?53?{{/U}}peopleinSommersetandaresource centrefortheblindinCumbria.Thealarmsproducea{{U}}?54?{{/U}} rangeoffrequenciesthatenablethebrainto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}wherethe soundiscomingfrom.??DeborahWithingtonofSoundAlertsays thatthealarmsusemostofthefrequenciesthatcanbe{{U}}?56?{{/U}} byhumans.Itisaburstofwhitenoisethatpeoplesaysoundslikestatic 静电噪音ontheradioshesays.itslife-savingpotentialis{{U}}?57 ?{{/U}}.??Sheconductedanexperimentinwhichpeoplewere filmedbythermal-imaging热效应成像camerastryingtofindtheir{{U}}?58 ?{{/U}}outofalargesmoke-filledroom.It{{U}}?59?{{/U}}them nearlyfourminutestofindthedoorwithoutasoundalarm{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}only15secondswithone.??Withingtonstudieshowthe brain{{U}}?61?{{/U}}soundsattheuniversity.Shesaysthatthe {{U}}?62?{{/U}}ofawidebandoffrequenciescanbepinpointed精确地确定 moreeasilythanthesourceofanarrowband.Alarms{{U}}?63?{{/U}}on thesameconcepthavealreadybeeninstalledonemergencyvehicles.? ?Thealarmswillalsoincluderisingorfallingfrequenciesto {{U}}?64?{{/U}}whetherpeopleshouldgoupordownstairs.Theywere {{U}}?65?{{/U}}withtheaidofalargegrantfromBritishNuclear Fuels.
IsThisASenselessNotion? Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhentheyare18andthetruthisfarfromthatsociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsinsays.Todayunexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents.ThereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclassdeclaressociologistAllanSchnailbergofNorthwesternUniversitywhoseson19movedbackafteranabsenceofeightmonths. Analysisciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Themarriageageisrisingaconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearemakingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsometheexpenseofanaway-fromhomecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduationyoungpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbytheskyrocketinghousingcosts. LivingathomesaysKnightonaschoolteachercontinuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed.It’’sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome.Butsharingthefamilyrequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethehasslesoverbathroomstelephonesandprivacy.Somefamilieshowevermanagethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothersitprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco24hasbeenreturnedhomethreetimesandleftthreetimes.WhatIconsideredasocialdrinkmydadconsideredanalcoholproblemsheexplains.HeneverlikedanyoneIdatedsoIeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends’houses. Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Childrenstrugglingtoestablishseparateidentitiescanendupwithasenseofinadequacydefeatandfailure.Andagingparentswhoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedomfindthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisitshowevercanworkedbeneficially. TherewasapparentlyatrendintheU.S.______.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??London’sFirstLightRailSystem{{/B}}??TheDocklands LightRailwayDLRtookjustthreeyearstobuildatacostof￡77million.It isLondon’sfirstLightRailSystembutitsroutefollowsthatofanumberof olderlineswhichcarriedthenineteenthcenturyrailwaysthroughthecrowded districtsoftheEastEnd.??Thesectionofthelinefromthe TowerGatewayStationtoPoplarfollowsthelineofoneofLondon’searliest railwaystheLondon&Blackwell1840acable-drawnrailwaylater convertedtosteamwhichcarriedpassengerstosteamshipsatBlackwellPier andprovidedtransportforthemessengersandclerkswhowentbackwardsand forwardsbetweenthedocks码头andthecityeveryday.??From PoplartoIslandGardensanewlinecrosseshighabovethedockwatersand thenjoinstheoldtrackoftheMillwallExtensionRailwaybuilttoservicethe MillwallDocks1868andtoprovidetransportforworkersinthelocal factories.Thislinewashorse-drawnforpartofitsmuteuntilthe 1880s.??ThePoplartoStratfordsectionoftheDLRroutewas firstdevelopedbytheNorthLondonRailwaybuiltinthe1850stolinktheWest andEastIndiaDockswiththemanufacturingdistrictsoftheMidlandsandNorth ofEngland.Therewere.majorrailwayworksandsidings岔线atBowuntil recently.??Thetrainsareautomaticallycontrolledfromacentral computerwhichdealswithallsignalingandothersafetyfactorsaswellas adjustingspeedstokeepwithinthetimetable;onboardeachvehicleTrain Captainswhoarealsofullyqualifieddriversareequippedwithtwo-wayradios tomaintaincontactwithcentralcontrol.Therearepassengerliftsand self-serviceticketmachinesateverystation.WelearnfromthepassagethattheLondon&Blackwellrailway______
Shepurchasedaticketandwentuponthetopdeck.
UnitedNations AmajorsegmentoftheUntiedNationsistheGeneralAssemblywhichconsistsofrepresentativesfromallgovernmentsthathaveratifiedtheUNCharter.Asof1995185stateshadmembershipinthegeneralAssembly.AdditionallytheVaticanSwitzerlandandthePalestineLiberationOrganizationhavenonvotingobserverstatusintheGeneralAssembly.TheGeneralAssemblyapprovestheUN’’sbudgetactswiththeSecurityCounciltoselecttheSecretary-generalandjudgesoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeandpassesresolutionsonissuesrangingfromself-determinationandcolonialismtowomen’’srightsandtheglobaldistributionofwealth. TheGeneralAssemblycanmeetandvoteonanysubjectunlesstheSecurityCouncilisdealingwithitoratleastpretendingto.Howeveritsdecisionsonlycarrymoralforce—unliketheCouncil’’s.They’’renotbindingininternationallaws.ButtheAssemblyvotesareanimportantopinionpollonhowandwhatthemajorityoftheworldthinksaboutissues.Importantquestionsneedatwo-thirdsvoteoftheAssemblytopass. Thequestionofwhatisanimportantquestionisn’’timportant.Itsdecidedbythedelegatesthemselves—byasimplemajority. AlthoughtheGeneralAssemblyhasnotrecognizedauthoritytoenforceitsconclusionsonanythingotherthaninternalUNmattersitmakesitsviewpointsonissuesthatarebroughtbeforeitisknowninoneofthethreeways.AGeneralAssemblydeclarationisabroadstatementofgeneralprinciplesuchastheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightspassedin1948.Declarationsareoftenputforwardasanexpressionofanidealinpracticetheyareregularlyignored.AGeneralAssemblyresolutionisessentiallyadocumentthatrecommendsthatmemberstatestakeaparticularpolicyaction.StatesclaimsovereigntyandmaketheirowndecisionsastowhethertheywillfollowaGeneralAssemblyresolution.Insomecaseshoweverifmanystatesimplementaparticularresolutionotherstatesthatmaynotwishtoactontheresolutionmayfeelthemselvespressuredtodosoanyway.Attheveryleastaresolutionhastheeffectoflegitimizingthepoliciesofthosestatesthatwishtocomplywiththeresolution.FinallyaGeneralAssemblyconventionortreatyhastwomeanings.ThemorecomprehensiveconventionreferstomultilateraltreatiesvotedonbytheGeneralAssemblythatuponpassagebytheGeneralAssemblyarecarriedbacktothecapitalsofmemberstatesforratificationbywhatevermeanseachstateusesdomestically.InothercasesaGeneralAssemblyconventionrefersspecificallytoatreatysignedbetweentheUnitedNationsandthegovernmentofanation-stateaswhenin1956EgyptagreedtoallowUnitedNationspeacekeepingforcestoenterEgyptianterritory. ThePassageofimportantissuesisdecidedbyatwo-thirdsvoteoftheAssembly.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择 5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}?????????? ??????????? ?SuccessStories{{/B}}??Oneofthemostsuccessfulfashion companiesintheworldisBenetton.TheBenettonfamilyopenedtheirfirstshop inItalyin1968.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}Benettonfollowedfourmarketing principlesinordertoachievetheirsuccess.??Thefirst principleisConsumerConcept.Tobuildasuccessfulbusinessyouhaveto developproductsaroundthingspeoplevalueespeciallyquality.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}Hecreatedclothestomatchpeople’swants:thestyleiscasual;the colorsandpatternsarebold;andthequalityisexcellent.??The SystemLinkisanotherfeatureofgoodmarketing.ForBenettonthismeans waitingtogetinformationaboutwhatcustomerslikeandwhattheydislike beforemakingtheclothes.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.??The InformationLinkmeansmakingsurethecompanyrespondsquicklytopeople’s demands.{{U}}?49?{{/U}}Thisinformationisthensenttothemain officeinItaly.Benettoncanusethisinformationtoidentifypopularproducts andtocontinuemakingthem;itcanalsoidentifylesspopularproductsandstop makingthem.??AfinalimportantmarketingprincipleistheRetail Link.ThereareBenenttonstoresincountriesaroundtheworld.Allthestores havethesameclothingthesamewindowdisplaysandthesameapproachto sales.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}.??Thethingspeoplelikeabout Benettonstoresarethatthequalityisalwayshighandthepricesaregenerally low.Andthatspellssuccess.A.ThefounderofBenettonbeganbyasking peoplewhattheywanted.B.Thereusedtobeagoodreasonforthis.C. WhensomethingissoldataBenettonstorethestorerecordsinformationabout thetypesizeandcoloroftheitem.D.TodaythereareBenettonshopsin majorcitiesallovertheworld.E.Thismeansthatcustomerscangointoany Benettonstoreintheworldandbesureofwhattheyarebuying.F.Inother wordsBenetton’sclothesaremadetoorder.{{*HTML*}}
Thedoctorshaveabandonedthehopetorescuetheoldman.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ????????SingingAlarmsCouldSave theBlind{{/B}}??Ifyoucannotseeyoumaynotbeabletofind yourwayoutofaburningbuilding-andthatcouldbefatal.AcompanyinLeeds could{{U}}?51?{{/U}}allthatwithdirectional定向的soundalarms capableofguidingyoutotheexit.??SoundAlertacompanyrun {{U}}?52?{{/U}}theUniversityofLeedsisinstallingthealarmsina residentialhomefor{{U}}?53?{{/U}}peopleinSommersetandaresource centrefortheblindinCumbria.Thealarmsproducea{{U}}?54?{{/U}} rangeoffrequenciesthatenablethebrainto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}wherethe soundiscomingfrom.??DeborahWithingtonofSoundAlertsays thatthealarmsusemostofthefrequenciesthatcanbe{{U}}?56?{{/U}} byhumans.Itisaburstofwhitenoisethatpeoplesaysoundslikestatic 静电噪音ontheradioshesays.itslife-savingpotentialis{{U}}?57 ?{{/U}}.??Sheconductedanexperimentinwhichpeoplewere filmedbythermal-imaging热效应成像camerastryingtofindtheir{{U}}?58 ?{{/U}}outofalargesmoke-filledroom.It{{U}}?59?{{/U}}them nearlyfourminutestofindthedoorwithoutasoundalarm{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}only15secondswithone.??Withingtonstudieshowthe brain{{U}}?61?{{/U}}soundsattheuniversity.Shesaysthatthe {{U}}?62?{{/U}}ofawidebandoffrequenciescanbepinpointed精确地确定 moreeasilythanthesourceofanarrowband.Alarms{{U}}?63?{{/U}}on thesameconcepthavealreadybeeninstalledonemergencyvehicles.? ?Thealarmswillalsoincluderisingorfallingfrequenciesto {{U}}?64?{{/U}}whetherpeopleshouldgoupordownstairs.Theywere {{U}}?65?{{/U}}withtheaidofalargegrantfromBritishNuclear Fuels.
Theteacherswanttodoawaywithcheatingintheirschool.
Thenewcommunicationsystemisbynomeansaminuteinvention.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ????????SingingAlarmsCouldSave theBlind{{/B}}??Ifyoucannotseeyoumaynotbeabletofind yourwayoutofaburningbuilding-andthatcouldbefatal.AcompanyinLeeds could{{U}}?51?{{/U}}allthatwithdirectional定向的soundalarms capableofguidingyoutotheexit.??SoundAlertacompanyrun {{U}}?52?{{/U}}theUniversityofLeedsisinstallingthealarmsina residentialhomefor{{U}}?53?{{/U}}peopleinSommersetandaresource centrefortheblindinCumbria.Thealarmsproducea{{U}}?54?{{/U}} rangeoffrequenciesthatenablethebrainto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}wherethe soundiscomingfrom.??DeborahWithingtonofSoundAlertsays thatthealarmsusemostofthefrequenciesthatcanbe{{U}}?56?{{/U}} byhumans.Itisaburstofwhitenoisethatpeoplesaysoundslikestatic 静电噪音ontheradioshesays.itslife-savingpotentialis{{U}}?57 ?{{/U}}.??Sheconductedanexperimentinwhichpeoplewere filmedbythermal-imaging热效应成像camerastryingtofindtheir{{U}}?58 ?{{/U}}outofalargesmoke-filledroom.It{{U}}?59?{{/U}}them nearlyfourminutestofindthedoorwithoutasoundalarm{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}only15secondswithone.??Withingtonstudieshowthe brain{{U}}?61?{{/U}}soundsattheuniversity.Shesaysthatthe {{U}}?62?{{/U}}ofawidebandoffrequenciescanbepinpointed精确地确定 moreeasilythanthesourceofanarrowband.Alarms{{U}}?63?{{/U}}on thesameconcepthavealreadybeeninstalledonemergencyvehicles.? ?Thealarmswillalsoincluderisingorfallingfrequenciesto {{U}}?64?{{/U}}whetherpeopleshouldgoupordownstairs.Theywere {{U}}?65?{{/U}}withtheaidofalargegrantfromBritishNuclear Fuels.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择 5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}?????????? ??????????? ?SuccessStories{{/B}}??Oneofthemostsuccessfulfashion companiesintheworldisBenetton.TheBenettonfamilyopenedtheirfirstshop inItalyin1968.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}Benettonfollowedfourmarketing principlesinordertoachievetheirsuccess.??Thefirst principleisConsumerConcept.Tobuildasuccessfulbusinessyouhaveto developproductsaroundthingspeoplevalueespeciallyquality.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}Hecreatedclothestomatchpeople’swants:thestyleiscasual;the colorsandpatternsarebold;andthequalityisexcellent.??The SystemLinkisanotherfeatureofgoodmarketing.ForBenettonthismeans waitingtogetinformationaboutwhatcustomerslikeandwhattheydislike beforemakingtheclothes.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.??The InformationLinkmeansmakingsurethecompanyrespondsquicklytopeople’s demands.{{U}}?49?{{/U}}Thisinformationisthensenttothemain officeinItaly.Benettoncanusethisinformationtoidentifypopularproducts andtocontinuemakingthem;itcanalsoidentifylesspopularproductsandstop makingthem.??AfinalimportantmarketingprincipleistheRetail Link.ThereareBenenttonstoresincountriesaroundtheworld.Allthestores havethesameclothingthesamewindowdisplaysandthesameapproachto sales.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}.??Thethingspeoplelikeabout Benettonstoresarethatthequalityisalwayshighandthepricesaregenerally low.Andthatspellssuccess.A.ThefounderofBenettonbeganbyasking peoplewhattheywanted.B.Thereusedtobeagoodreasonforthis.C. WhensomethingissoldataBenettonstorethestorerecordsinformationabout thetypesizeandcoloroftheitem.D.TodaythereareBenettonshopsin majorcitiesallovertheworld.E.Thismeansthatcustomerscangointoany Benettonstoreintheworldandbesureofwhattheyarebuying.F.Inother wordsBenetton’sclothesaremadetoorder.
Hisnovelwasadaptedforthestagein1949asamusicalplayentitledasSt.Louiswoman.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ????????SingingAlarmsCouldSave theBlind{{/B}}??Ifyoucannotseeyoumaynotbeabletofind yourwayoutofaburningbuilding-andthatcouldbefatal.AcompanyinLeeds could{{U}}?51?{{/U}}allthatwithdirectional定向的soundalarms capableofguidingyoutotheexit.??SoundAlertacompanyrun {{U}}?52?{{/U}}theUniversityofLeedsisinstallingthealarmsina residentialhomefor{{U}}?53?{{/U}}peopleinSommersetandaresource centrefortheblindinCumbria.Thealarmsproducea{{U}}?54?{{/U}} rangeoffrequenciesthatenablethebrainto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}wherethe soundiscomingfrom.??DeborahWithingtonofSoundAlertsays thatthealarmsusemostofthefrequenciesthatcanbe{{U}}?56?{{/U}} byhumans.Itisaburstofwhitenoisethatpeoplesaysoundslikestatic 静电噪音ontheradioshesays.itslife-savingpotentialis{{U}}?57 ?{{/U}}.??Sheconductedanexperimentinwhichpeoplewere filmedbythermal-imaging热效应成像camerastryingtofindtheir{{U}}?58 ?{{/U}}outofalargesmoke-filledroom.It{{U}}?59?{{/U}}them nearlyfourminutestofindthedoorwithoutasoundalarm{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}only15secondswithone.??Withingtonstudieshowthe brain{{U}}?61?{{/U}}soundsattheuniversity.Shesaysthatthe {{U}}?62?{{/U}}ofawidebandoffrequenciescanbepinpointed精确地确定 moreeasilythanthesourceofanarrowband.Alarms{{U}}?63?{{/U}}on thesameconcepthavealreadybeeninstalledonemergencyvehicles.? ?Thealarmswillalsoincluderisingorfallingfrequenciesto {{U}}?64?{{/U}}whetherpeopleshouldgoupordownstairs.Theywere {{U}}?65?{{/U}}withtheaidofalargegrantfromBritishNuclear Fuels.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ????????SingingAlarmsCouldSave theBlind{{/B}}??Ifyoucannotseeyoumaynotbeabletofind yourwayoutofaburningbuilding-andthatcouldbefatal.AcompanyinLeeds could{{U}}?51?{{/U}}allthatwithdirectional定向的soundalarms capableofguidingyoutotheexit.??SoundAlertacompanyrun {{U}}?52?{{/U}}theUniversityofLeedsisinstallingthealarmsina residentialhomefor{{U}}?53?{{/U}}peopleinSommersetandaresource centrefortheblindinCumbria.Thealarmsproducea{{U}}?54?{{/U}} rangeoffrequenciesthatenablethebrainto{{U}}?55?{{/U}}wherethe soundiscomingfrom.??DeborahWithingtonofSoundAlertsays thatthealarmsusemostofthefrequenciesthatcanbe{{U}}?56?{{/U}} byhumans.Itisaburstofwhitenoisethatpeoplesaysoundslikestatic 静电噪音ontheradioshesays.itslife-savingpotentialis{{U}}?57 ?{{/U}}.??Sheconductedanexperimentinwhichpeoplewere filmedbythermal-imaging热效应成像camerastryingtofindtheir{{U}}?58 ?{{/U}}outofalargesmoke-filledroom.It{{U}}?59?{{/U}}them nearlyfourminutestofindthedoorwithoutasoundalarm{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}only15secondswithone.??Withingtonstudieshowthe brain{{U}}?61?{{/U}}soundsattheuniversity.Shesaysthatthe {{U}}?62?{{/U}}ofawidebandoffrequenciescanbepinpointed精确地确定 moreeasilythanthesourceofanarrowband.Alarms{{U}}?63?{{/U}}on thesameconcepthavealreadybeeninstalledonemergencyvehicles.? ?Thealarmswillalsoincluderisingorfallingfrequenciesto {{U}}?64?{{/U}}whetherpeopleshouldgoupordownstairs.Theywere {{U}}?65?{{/U}}withtheaidofalargegrantfromBritishNuclear Fuels.
OntheTrain ThenighttrainfromGlasgowwassocrowdedthatDonaldwhowasonhiswaytoLondontofindatemporaryjobfortheuniversityvacationwishedthathehaddecidedtotravelbyday.Hehadneverbeensohardup. Hegotonthetrainandwalkedalongthecorridorofthesecond-classcompartments.Hecouldn’’tfindaseatanywhere.Hecouldnotaffordtotravelfirstclassandhedidnotwanttostandinthecorridor.Neitherdidhewanttositonhissuitcase.Hewassotiredthathedecidedtositdowninafirstclasscompartmentatleastforawhile.Hesoonfoundonewithasingleoccupant乘客agentlemanreadingdocumentsfromabriefcase.Withtheself-assuranceofafirstclasstravelerheopenedthedoorandwentin.Nosoonerhadhesatdownthantheticketinspectorarrived.Whatbadluck!Nowhewouldhavetopaytheexcess额外的fare.Asheturnedouthispockettofindenoughmoneyhesawthegentlemanwaswatchinghimwithamusement.Itwashumiliating令人感到羞辱的.Howeverhewassotiredthathesoonfellasleep. Presentlyhearinganoisehehalfopenedhiseyes.Notonlydidhenoticethathistravelingcompanionhadgonebuthealsosawthatarough-lookingmanwassearchingthroughthebusinessman’’sbriefcase.Donaldgrabbedthebriefcaseandwrenched猛夺itfreekickingattheman’’sleg.Themanfled. ThenthebusinessmanreturnedandfoundDonaldholdingthebriefcaseandpeeringinsideit.Donaldrealizedthathewasinquiteanawkwardsituationbutthemanwassmiling.Norwasthistheonlysurprisingthing.NotonlywasthegentlemanwhointroducedhimselfasMr.SmithsmilingbuthethankedDonaldwarmly.OnhiswaybacktothecompartmentMr.Smithhadseenthemanleavinginagreathurry.HehadsoquicklyassessedthesituationthatheknewDonaldwasinnocent. OnlyafteralongchatinwhichDonaldwasaskedmanyquestionsabouthimselfdidDonalddiscoverthatMr.SmithwasinfactmanagingdirectorofalargefactoryinLondon.DonaldhadneverimaginedthatthisstrangeincidentwouldhelphimtofindajobbutjustastheywereleavingthetrainMr.SmithofferedhimthepostoftemporaryNightSecurityOfficerforhisfactory. Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningtoawkwardinparagraph4?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择 5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}?????????? ??????????? ?SuccessStories{{/B}}??Oneofthemostsuccessfulfashion companiesintheworldisBenetton.TheBenettonfamilyopenedtheirfirstshop inItalyin1968.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}Benettonfollowedfourmarketing principlesinordertoachievetheirsuccess.??Thefirst principleisConsumerConcept.Tobuildasuccessfulbusinessyouhaveto developproductsaroundthingspeoplevalueespeciallyquality.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}Hecreatedclothestomatchpeople’swants:thestyleiscasual;the colorsandpatternsarebold;andthequalityisexcellent.??The SystemLinkisanotherfeatureofgoodmarketing.ForBenettonthismeans waitingtogetinformationaboutwhatcustomerslikeandwhattheydislike beforemakingtheclothes.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.??The InformationLinkmeansmakingsurethecompanyrespondsquicklytopeople’s demands.{{U}}?49?{{/U}}Thisinformationisthensenttothemain officeinItaly.Benettoncanusethisinformationtoidentifypopularproducts andtocontinuemakingthem;itcanalsoidentifylesspopularproductsandstop makingthem.??AfinalimportantmarketingprincipleistheRetail Link.ThereareBenenttonstoresincountriesaroundtheworld.Allthestores havethesameclothingthesamewindowdisplaysandthesameapproachto sales.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}.??Thethingspeoplelikeabout Benettonstoresarethatthequalityisalwayshighandthepricesaregenerally low.Andthatspellssuccess.A.ThefounderofBenettonbeganbyasking peoplewhattheywanted.B.Thereusedtobeagoodreasonforthis.C. WhensomethingissoldataBenettonstorethestorerecordsinformationabout thetypesizeandcoloroftheitem.D.TodaythereareBenettonshopsin majorcitiesallovertheworld.E.Thismeansthatcustomerscangointoany Benettonstoreintheworldandbesureofwhattheyarebuying.F.Inother wordsBenetton’sclothesaremadetoorder.
UnitedNations AmajorsegmentoftheUntiedNationsistheGeneralAssemblywhichconsistsofrepresentativesfromallgovernmentsthathaveratifiedtheUNCharter.Asof1995185stateshadmembershipinthegeneralAssembly.AdditionallytheVaticanSwitzerlandandthePalestineLiberationOrganizationhavenonvotingobserverstatusintheGeneralAssembly.TheGeneralAssemblyapprovestheUN’’sbudgetactswiththeSecurityCounciltoselecttheSecretary-generalandjudgesoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeandpassesresolutionsonissuesrangingfromself-determinationandcolonialismtowomen’’srightsandtheglobaldistributionofwealth. TheGeneralAssemblycanmeetandvoteonanysubjectunlesstheSecurityCouncilisdealingwithitoratleastpretendingto.Howeveritsdecisionsonlycarrymoralforce—unliketheCouncil’’s.They’’renotbindingininternationallaws.ButtheAssemblyvotesareanimportantopinionpollonhowandwhatthemajorityoftheworldthinksaboutissues.Importantquestionsneedatwo-thirdsvoteoftheAssemblytopass. Thequestionofwhatisanimportantquestionisn’’timportant.Itsdecidedbythedelegatesthemselves—byasimplemajority. AlthoughtheGeneralAssemblyhasnotrecognizedauthoritytoenforceitsconclusionsonanythingotherthaninternalUNmattersitmakesitsviewpointsonissuesthatarebroughtbeforeitisknowninoneofthethreeways.AGeneralAssemblydeclarationisabroadstatementofgeneralprinciplesuchastheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightspassedin1948.Declarationsareoftenputforwardasanexpressionofanidealinpracticetheyareregularlyignored.AGeneralAssemblyresolutionisessentiallyadocumentthatrecommendsthatmemberstatestakeaparticularpolicyaction.StatesclaimsovereigntyandmaketheirowndecisionsastowhethertheywillfollowaGeneralAssemblyresolution.Insomecaseshoweverifmanystatesimplementaparticularresolutionotherstatesthatmaynotwishtoactontheresolutionmayfeelthemselvespressuredtodosoanyway.Attheveryleastaresolutionhastheeffectoflegitimizingthepoliciesofthosestatesthatwishtocomplywiththeresolution.FinallyaGeneralAssemblyconventionortreatyhastwomeanings.ThemorecomprehensiveconventionreferstomultilateraltreatiesvotedonbytheGeneralAssemblythatuponpassagebytheGeneralAssemblyarecarriedbacktothecapitalsofmemberstatesforratificationbywhatevermeanseachstateusesdomestically.InothercasesaGeneralAssemblyconventionrefersspecificallytoatreatysignedbetweentheUnitedNationsandthegovernmentofanation-stateaswhenin1956EgyptagreedtoallowUnitedNationspeacekeepingforcestoenterEgyptianterritory. AnanwaschosenasUNSecretary-generalontheGeneralAssembly.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??London’sFirstLightRailSystem{{/B}}??TheDocklands LightRailwayDLRtookjustthreeyearstobuildatacostof￡77million.It isLondon’sfirstLightRailSystembutitsroutefollowsthatofanumberof olderlineswhichcarriedthenineteenthcenturyrailwaysthroughthecrowded districtsoftheEastEnd.??Thesectionofthelinefromthe TowerGatewayStationtoPoplarfollowsthelineofoneofLondon’searliest railwaystheLondon&Blackwell1840acable-drawnrailwaylater convertedtosteamwhichcarriedpassengerstosteamshipsatBlackwellPier andprovidedtransportforthemessengersandclerkswhowentbackwardsand forwardsbetweenthedocks码头andthecityeveryday.??From PoplartoIslandGardensanewlinecrosseshighabovethedockwatersand thenjoinstheoldtrackoftheMillwallExtensionRailwaybuilttoservicethe MillwallDocks1868andtoprovidetransportforworkersinthelocal factories.Thislinewashorse-drawnforpartofitsmuteuntilthe 1880s.??ThePoplartoStratfordsectionoftheDLRroutewas firstdevelopedbytheNorthLondonRailwaybuiltinthe1850stolinktheWest andEastIndiaDockswiththemanufacturingdistrictsoftheMidlandsandNorth ofEngland.Therewere.majorrailwayworksandsidings岔线atBowuntil recently.??Thetrainsareautomaticallycontrolledfromacentral computerwhichdealswithallsignalingandothersafetyfactorsaswellas adjustingspeedstokeepwithinthetimetable;onboardeachvehicleTrain Captainswhoarealsofullyqualifieddriversareequippedwithtwo-wayradios tomaintaincontactwithcentralcontrol.Therearepassengerliftsand self-serviceticketmachinesateverystation.ItappearsthatthePoplartoStratfordsectionoftheDLRroutewasoriginallydevelopedto______
MaleandFemalepilotscauseaccidentsdifferently MalepilotsflyinggeneralaviationprivateaircraftintheUnitedStatesaremorelikelytocrashduetoinattentionorflaweddecisionmakingwhilefemalepilotsaremorelikelytocrashfrommishandlingtheaircraft.ThesearetheresultsofastudybyresearchersattheJohnsHopkinsUniversityBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth. Thestudyidentifiesthedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemalepilotsintermsofcircumstancesofthecrashandthetypeofpilotserrorinvolved.Crashesofgeneralaviationaircraftaccountfor85percentofallaviationdeathsintheUnitedStates.ThecrashrateformalepilotsasformotorvehicledriversexceedsthatofcrashesoffemalepilotsexplainsSusanP.BakerMPHprofessorofhealthpolicyandmanagementattheBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth.Becausepilotyouthandinexperienceareestablishedcontributorstoaviationcrasheswefocusedononlymaturepilotstodeterminethegenderdifferencesinthereasonsforthecrash. Theresearchersextracteddataforthisstudyfromalargeresearchprojectonpilotagingandflightsafety.Thedataweregatheredfromgeneralaviationcrashesofairplanesandhelicoptersbetween1983and1997involving144femalepilotsand267malepilotsaged40-63.Femalepilotswerematchedwithmalepilotsina1:2ratiobyageclassesofmedicalandpilotcertificatesstateorareaofcrashandyearofcrash.Thenthecircumstancesofthecrashesandthepiloterrorinvolvedwerecategorizedandcodedwithoutknowledgeofpilotgender. Theresearchersfoundthatlossofcontrolonlandingortakeoffwasthemostcommoncircumstanceforbothsexesleadingto59percentoffemalepilots’crashesand36percentofmales’’.Experiencingmechanicalfailurerunningoutoffuelandlandingtheplanewiththelandinggearupwereamongthefactorsmorelikelywithmaleswhilestallingwasmorelikelywithfemales. Themajorityofthecrashes—95percentforfemalesand88percentformales—involvedatleastonetypeofpiloterror.Mishandlingaircraftkineticswasthemostcommonerrorforbothsexesbutwasmorecommonamongfemalesaccountingfor81percentofthecrashesthanmalesaccountingfor48percent.Maleshoweverappearedmorelikelytobeguiltyofpoordecision-makingrisk-takingandinattentivenessexamplesofwhichincludemisjudgingweatherandvisibilityorflyinganaircraftwithaknowndefect.Femalesthoughmorelikelytomishandleorlosecontroloftheaircraftweregenerallymorecarefulthantheirmalecounterparts. inattention/n.疏忽 aviation/n.航空 flawed/adj.有缺陷的 mishandle/v.瞎弄乱处理 MPHMasterofPublicHealth公共卫生硕士 gender/n.性性别 runout耗尽用完 stallv.飞机失速发动机熄火 kinetics/n.动力学 Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?
Ithinkthisisadeliberateinsult.
Theeconomicreforminthatcountryhasbeenaccelerated.
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