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Child Consultants These days, "what do you want to do when you grow up" is the wrong question to as...
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TheBuildingofthePyramidsTheoldeststonebuildingsintheworldarethepyramids.46.ThereareovereightyofthemscatteredalongthebanksoftheNilesomeofwhicharedifferentinshapefromthetruepyramids.ThemostfamousofthesearetheSteppyramidandBentpyramid.Someofthepyramidsstilllookmuchthesameastheymusthavedonewhentheywerebuiltthousandsofyearsago.Mostofthedamagesufferedbytheothershasbeenatthehandsofmenwhowerelookingfortreasureormoreoftenforstonetouseinmodernbuildings.47.Thesearegoodreasonswhytheycanstillbeseentodaybutperhapsthemostimportantisthattheywereplannedtolastforever.48.HowevertherearenowritingsorpicturestoshowushowtheEgyptiansplannedorbuiltthepyramidsthemselves.49.Neverthelessbyexaminingtheactualpyramidsandvarioustoolswhichhavebeenfoundarchaeologistshaveformedafairlyclearpictureofthem.Onethingiscertain:theremusthavebeenmonthsofcarefulplanningbeforetheycouldbegintobuild.50Youmaythinkthiswouldhavebeeneasywithmilesandmilesofemptydesertaroundbutapyramidcouldnotbebuiltjustanywhere.Certainruleshadtobefollowedandcertainproblemshadtobeovercome.A.ThedryclimateofEgypthashelpedtopreservethepyramidsandtheirveryshapehavemadethemlesslikelytofallintoruin.B.Itispracticallycertainthatplansweremadeforthebuildingofthepyramidsbecausetheplansofotherlargeworkshavefortunatelybeenpreserved.C.Thefirstthingtheyhadtodowastochooseasuitableplace.D.Consequentlyweareonlyabletoguessatthemethodsused.E.Manypeoplewerekilledwhilebuildingthepyramids.F.Theyhavestoodfornearly5000yearsanditseemslikelythattheywillcontinuetostandforthousandsofyearsyet.
TheBuildingofthePyramidsTheoldeststonebuildingsintheworldarethepyramids.46.ThereareovereightyofthemscatteredalongthebanksoftheNilesomeofwhicharedifferentinshapefromthetruepyramids.ThemostfamousofthesearetheSteppyramidandBentpyramid.Someofthepyramidsstilllookmuchthesameastheymusthavedonewhentheywerebuiltthousandsofyearsago.Mostofthedamagesufferedbytheothershasbeenatthehandsofmenwhowerelookingfortreasureormoreoftenforstonetouseinmodernbuildings.47.Thesearegoodreasonswhytheycanstillbeseentodaybutperhapsthemostimportantisthattheywereplannedtolastforever.48.HowevertherearenowritingsorpicturestoshowushowtheEgyptiansplannedorbuiltthepyramidsthemselves.49.Neverthelessbyexaminingtheactualpyramidsandvarioustoolswhichhavebeenfoundarchaeologistshaveformedafairlyclearpictureofthem.Onethingiscertain:theremusthavebeenmonthsofcarefulplanningbeforetheycouldbegintobuild.50Youmaythinkthiswouldhavebeeneasywithmilesandmilesofemptydesertaroundbutapyramidcouldnotbebuiltjustanywhere.Certainruleshadtobefollowedandcertainproblemshadtobeovercome.A.ThedryclimateofEgypthashelpedtopreservethepyramidsandtheirveryshapehavemadethemlesslikelytofallintoruin.B.Itispracticallycertainthatplansweremadeforthebuildingofthepyramidsbecausetheplansofotherlargeworkshavefortunatelybeenpreserved.C.Thefirstthingtheyhadtodowastochooseasuitableplace.D.Consequentlyweareonlyabletoguessatthemethodsused.E.Manypeoplewerekilledwhilebuildingthepyramids.F.Theyhavestoodfornearly5000yearsanditseemslikelythattheywillcontinuetostandforthousandsofyearsyet.
TheWhiteHouseWegotupearlythismorningand51alongwalkafterbreakfast.Wewalkedthroughthebusinesssectionofthecity.Itoldyouyesterdaythatthecitywaslarger52IthoughtItwouldbe.53thebusinesssectionissmallerthanIthoughtitwouldbe.Isupposethat’s54Washingtonisaspecialkindofcity.55thepeopleinWashingtonworkforthegovernment.About9:30wewenttotheWhiteHouse.It’s56tothepublicfrom10till12andtherewasalonglineofpeoplewaitingtogetin.Wedidn’thavetowaitverylongbecausethelinemoved57quickly.TheWhiteHouseisreallywhite.Itispaintedeveryyear.Anditseemsverywhitebecauseit’sgotbeautifullawnsallaroundit58manytreesandshrubs.Thegrounds59aboutfoursquareblocks.Imeanthey’reabouttwoblockslong60eachside.Thepart61thePresidentlivesandworksisnotopentothepublic.Butthepartwesawwasbeautiful.Wewentthroughfiveofthemainrooms.Oneofthemwasthelibraryonthegroundfloor.Onthenextfloortherearethreeroomsnamed62thecolorsthatareusedinthem:theRedRoomtheBlueRoomandtheGreenRoom.Thewallsarecoveredwithsilk63.Thereare64oldfurniturefromthetime65theWhiteHousewasfirstbuilt.Andeverywheretherearepaintingsandstatuesofformerpresidentsandotherfamouspeoplefromhistory.
Thepolicemanwrotedownalltheparticularsoftheaccident.
StormsSinkShipsRescuershavefoundthebodiesofover130peoplekilledintwoferrydisastersinBangladesh.TheaccidentshappenedduringastormthathitthecountryonApril21.Hundredsmorearemissingorfeareddead.ThetwoferriessankindifferentriversnearthecapitalcityofDhakaasstrongwindsandrainhittheSouthAsiancountry.ThegovernmenthassincebannedallferriesandotherboatsfromtravelingatnightduringtheApril-Maystormyseason.OneoftheferriesMVMitaliwascarryingfarmorepeoplethanitwassupposedto.About400passengersfittedintoaspacemadeforjust300.Policesaidthesecondferrycarriedabout100passengers.ThenumberofdeathsiscertaintorisesaidanofficialinchargeoftherescueworkNoonereallyknowshowmanypeoplewereonboardtheferryorhowmanyofthemsurvived.FerriesinBangladeshdon’talwayskeeppassengerlistsmakingitdifficulttodeterminetheexactnumberofpeopleonhoard.Besidestheferryaccidentsatleast40peoplewerekilledand400injuredbylightningstrikesfallinghousesandtreesandthesinkingofsmallboats.StormsarecommonthistimeofyearinBangladeshasareboatingaccidents.Ferrydisasterstakeawayhundredsofliveseveryyearinanationof130millionpeople.Officialsblametheseriveraccidentsonalackofsafetymeasurestoomanypassengersinboatsandnotenoughcheeksonweatherconditions.FerriesareacommonmeansoftransportinBangladesh.Itisacountrycoveredbyabout230rivers.Some20000ferriesusethenation’swaterways水路everyyear.Andmanyofthemaredangerouslyovercrowded过度拥挤.Since1977morethan3000peoplehavediedinsome260boatingaccidents.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacauseoftheboatingaccidents
SnowRangerThetwothings—snowandmountains—whichareneededforaskiareaarethetwothingsthatcauseavalancheslargemassofsnowandicecrushingdownthesideofamountain—oftencalledWhiteDeath.Itwasthethreatoftheavalancheanditsrecordasakillerofmaninthewesternmountainsthatcreatedthesnowranger.Hefirststartedonavalanchecontrolworkinthewinterof1937—1938atAhaUtahinWasatchNationalForest.Thismountainvalleywasbecomingwellknowntoskiers.Itwasdangerous.Infactmorethan120personshadlosttheirlivesin1936andanother200diedin1937asaresultofavalanchesbeforeitbecameamajorskiarea.ThusdevelopmentofAhaandothermajorskiresortsinthewestwasdependentuponcontrollingtheavalanche.TheForestServicesetouttodoitanddidwithitscorpsofsnowrangers.Ittakesmanythingstomakeasnowranger.Thesnowrangermustbeinexcellentphysicalcondition.Hemustbeagoodskierandaskilledmountainclimber.Heshouldhaveatleastahighschooleducationandthemorecollegecoursesingeologyphysicsandrelatedfieldshehasthebetter.Hestudiessnowterrainwindandweather.Helearnstheconditionsthatproduceavalanches.Helearnstoforecastavalanchesandtobringthemroaringondownthemountainsidestoreducetheirkillingstrength.ThesnowrangerlearnstodothisbyusingartillerybyblastingwithTNTandbythedifficultandskillfulartofskiingavalanchesdown.Thesnowrangerdressedinagreenparkawhichhasabrightyellowshoulderpatchmeanssafetyforpeopleonskislopes.Hepullsthetriggerona75mm.Recoillessrifleskiswaistdeepinpowdertestingsnowstabilityortalkswiththeskiarea’soperatorashegoesabouthisworktoprotectthepublicfromthehazardsofdeepsnowonsteepmountainslopes.Whatistheprimarydutyofthesnowranger
Asmallnumberoffirmshaveceasedtrading.
TheWhiteHouseWegotupearlythismorningand51alongwalkafterbreakfast.Wewalkedthroughthebusinesssectionofthecity.Itoldyouyesterdaythatthecitywaslarger52IthoughtItwouldbe.53thebusinesssectionissmallerthanIthoughtitwouldbe.Isupposethat’s54Washingtonisaspecialkindofcity.55thepeopleinWashingtonworkforthegovernment.About9:30wewenttotheWhiteHouse.It’s56tothepublicfrom10till12andtherewasalonglineofpeoplewaitingtogetin.Wedidn’thavetowaitverylongbecausethelinemoved57quickly.TheWhiteHouseisreallywhite.Itispaintedeveryyear.Anditseemsverywhitebecauseit’sgotbeautifullawnsallaroundit58manytreesandshrubs.Thegrounds59aboutfoursquareblocks.Imeanthey’reabouttwoblockslong60eachside.Thepart61thePresidentlivesandworksisnotopentothepublic.Butthepartwesawwasbeautiful.Wewentthroughfiveofthemainrooms.Oneofthemwasthelibraryonthegroundfloor.Onthenextfloortherearethreeroomsnamed62thecolorsthatareusedinthem:theRedRoomtheBlueRoomandtheGreenRoom.Thewallsarecoveredwithsilk63.Thereare64oldfurniturefromthetime65theWhiteHousewasfirstbuilt.Andeverywheretherearepaintingsandstatuesofformerpresidentsandotherfamouspeoplefromhistory.
A.TheinventionofthefridgeB.ThepollutioncausedbyfridgesC.ThewidespreadneedforfridgesD.ThedayswithoutthefridgeE.ThewasteofenergycausedbyfridgesF.Thefridge’scontributiontocommerceParagraph5______
Enormoussumsofmoneyhavebeenspentonspaceexploration.
Medicinedependsonotherfieldsforbasicinformationparticularlysomeoftheirspecializedbranches.
Micro-chipResearchCenterCreatedAresearchcenterhasbeensetupinthisfar-eastcountrytodevelopadvancedmicro-chipproductiontechnology.ThecenterwhichwillstartoutwithaboutUS$14millionwillhelpthecountrydevelopitschipindustrywithoutalwaysdependingonimportedtechnology.Thecenterwillmakeuseofitsresearchskillsandfacilitiestodevelopnewtechnologyfordomesticchipplants.Theadventofthecenterwillpossiblyfreethecountryfromthesituationthatitisalwaysbuyingalmost-outdatedtechnologiesfromothercountriessaidthecountry’sflagshipchipmaker.Currentlychipplantsinthiscountryareinapassivesituationbecausemanyforeigngovernmentsdon’tallowthemtoimportthemostadvancedtechnologiesfearingtheywillbeusedformilitarypurposes.Moreoverthehighlicensingfeestheyhavetopaytotechnologyproviderarealsoanimportantreasonfortheirdecisionofself-reliance.Asmainstreamchipproductiontechnologyshiftsfromonegenerationtothenexteverythreetofiveyearsplantswithnewtechnologycanmakemorepowerfulchipsatlowercostswhileplantswithout-datedequipmentwhichoftencostbillionsofdollarstobuildwillbemarginalizedbythemaker.Morethan10chipplantsarebeingbuilteachcostingmillionsofUS.dollarsthemajorityofthatmoneygoestooverseasequipmentvendorsandtechnologyowners—mainlyfromJapanandSingapore.ShouldthenewcenterplayamajorroleinimprovingthesituationinindustrythecountryadmitstheUS$14millioninvestmentisstillrathersmall.Thiscountryisdevelopingcomprehensivetechnologies.Mostoftheinvestmentwillbespentonsettingallianceswithtechnologyandintellectualpropertyowners.Thatcountrygivestopprioritiestodevelopingchipsformilitarypurposes.
A.milkmeatvegetablesetc.weredeliveredB.ithaspromotedthesalesofmanykindsofcommoditiesC.foodscanbepreservedD.mostkidslikeicedsoftdrinksE.everyhousewifeneedsfoodF.thefridgeproducedwhenitisworkingBeforefridgescameintouseitwasstillpossibleforpeopletohavefreshfoodsbecause______.
SnowRangerThetwothings—snowandmountains—whichareneededforaskiareaarethetwothingsthatcauseavalancheslargemassofsnowandicecrushingdownthesideofamountain—oftencalledWhiteDeath.Itwasthethreatoftheavalancheanditsrecordasakillerofmaninthewesternmountainsthatcreatedthesnowranger.Hefirststartedonavalanchecontrolworkinthewinterof1937—1938atAhaUtahinWasatchNationalForest.Thismountainvalleywasbecomingwellknowntoskiers.Itwasdangerous.Infactmorethan120personshadlosttheirlivesin1936andanother200diedin1937asaresultofavalanchesbeforeitbecameamajorskiarea.ThusdevelopmentofAhaandothermajorskiresortsinthewestwasdependentuponcontrollingtheavalanche.TheForestServicesetouttodoitanddidwithitscorpsofsnowrangers.Ittakesmanythingstomakeasnowranger.Thesnowrangermustbeinexcellentphysicalcondition.Hemustbeagoodskierandaskilledmountainclimber.Heshouldhaveatleastahighschooleducationandthemorecollegecoursesingeologyphysicsandrelatedfieldshehasthebetter.Hestudiessnowterrainwindandweather.Helearnstheconditionsthatproduceavalanches.Helearnstoforecastavalanchesandtobringthemroaringondownthemountainsidestoreducetheirkillingstrength.ThesnowrangerlearnstodothisbyusingartillerybyblastingwithTNTandbythedifficultandskillfulartofskiingavalanchesdown.Thesnowrangerdressedinagreenparkawhichhasabrightyellowshoulderpatchmeanssafetyforpeopleonskislopes.Hepullsthetriggerona75mm.Recoillessrifleskiswaistdeepinpowdertestingsnowstabilityortalkswiththeskiarea’soperatorashegoesabouthisworktoprotectthepublicfromthehazardsofdeepsnowonsteepmountainslopes.Asnowrangerhimselfmustbe______.
TheWhiteHouseWegotupearlythismorningand51alongwalkafterbreakfast.Wewalkedthroughthebusinesssectionofthecity.Itoldyouyesterdaythatthecitywaslarger52IthoughtItwouldbe.53thebusinesssectionissmallerthanIthoughtitwouldbe.Isupposethat’s54Washingtonisaspecialkindofcity.55thepeopleinWashingtonworkforthegovernment.About9:30wewenttotheWhiteHouse.It’s56tothepublicfrom10till12andtherewasalonglineofpeoplewaitingtogetin.Wedidn’thavetowaitverylongbecausethelinemoved57quickly.TheWhiteHouseisreallywhite.Itispaintedeveryyear.Anditseemsverywhitebecauseit’sgotbeautifullawnsallaroundit58manytreesandshrubs.Thegrounds59aboutfoursquareblocks.Imeanthey’reabouttwoblockslong60eachside.Thepart61thePresidentlivesandworksisnotopentothepublic.Butthepartwesawwasbeautiful.Wewentthroughfiveofthemainrooms.Oneofthemwasthelibraryonthegroundfloor.Onthenextfloortherearethreeroomsnamed62thecolorsthatareusedinthem:theRedRoomtheBlueRoomandtheGreenRoom.Thewallsarecoveredwithsilk63.Thereare64oldfurniturefromthetime65theWhiteHousewasfirstbuilt.Andeverywheretherearepaintingsandstatuesofformerpresidentsandotherfamouspeoplefromhistory.
TheCherokeeNationLongbeforethewhitemancametoAmericathelandbelongedtotheAmericanIndiannations.ThenationoftheCherokeeslivedinwhatisnowthesoutheasternpartoftheUnitedStates.AfterthewhitemancametheCherokeescopiedmanyoftheirways.OneCherokeenamedSequoyahsawhowimportantreadingandwritingwastothewhiteman.HedecidedtoinventawaytowriteclownthespokenCherokeelanguage.Hebeganbymakingwordpictures.Foreachwordhedrewapicture.Butthatprovedimpossible--therewerejusttoomanywords.Thenhetookthe85soundsthatmadeupthelanguage.UsinghisownimaginationandanEnglishspellingbookSequoyahinventedasignforeachsound.Hisalphabetprovedamazinglyeasytolearn.BeforelongmanyCherokeesknewhowtoreadandwriteintheirownlanguage.By1828theywereevenprintingtheirownnewspaper.In1830theU.S.Congresspassedalaw.ItallowedthegovernmenttoremoveIndiansfromtheirlands.TheCherokeesrefusedtogo.Theyhadlivedontheirlandsforcenturies.Itbelongedtothem.WhyshouldtheygotoastrangelandfarbeyondtheMississippiRiverThearmywassenttodrivetheCherokeesout.Soldierssurroundedtheirvillagesandmarchedthematgunpointintothewesternterritory.Thesicktheoldandthesmallchildrenwentincartsalongwiththeirbelongings.Therestofthepeoplemarchedonfootorrodeonhorseback.ItwasNovemberyetmanyofthemstillworetheirsummerclothes.ColdandhungrytheCherokeeswerequicklyexhaustedbythehardshipsofthejourney.Manydroppeddeadandwereburiedbytheroadside.WhenthelastgrouparrivedintheirnewhomeinMarch1839morethan4000haddied.Itwasindeedamarchofdeath.TheCherokeeNationusedtolive______.
A.TheinventionofthefridgeB.ThepollutioncausedbyfridgesC.ThewidespreadneedforfridgesD.ThedayswithoutthefridgeE.ThewasteofenergycausedbyfridgesF.Thefridge’scontributiontocommerceParagraph2______
TheCherokeeNationLongbeforethewhitemancametoAmericathelandbelongedtotheAmericanIndiannations.ThenationoftheCherokeeslivedinwhatisnowthesoutheasternpartoftheUnitedStates.AfterthewhitemancametheCherokeescopiedmanyoftheirways.OneCherokeenamedSequoyahsawhowimportantreadingandwritingwastothewhiteman.HedecidedtoinventawaytowriteclownthespokenCherokeelanguage.Hebeganbymakingwordpictures.Foreachwordhedrewapicture.Butthatprovedimpossible--therewerejusttoomanywords.Thenhetookthe85soundsthatmadeupthelanguage.UsinghisownimaginationandanEnglishspellingbookSequoyahinventedasignforeachsound.Hisalphabetprovedamazinglyeasytolearn.BeforelongmanyCherokeesknewhowtoreadandwriteintheirownlanguage.By1828theywereevenprintingtheirownnewspaper.In1830theU.S.Congresspassedalaw.ItallowedthegovernmenttoremoveIndiansfromtheirlands.TheCherokeesrefusedtogo.Theyhadlivedontheirlandsforcenturies.Itbelongedtothem.WhyshouldtheygotoastrangelandfarbeyondtheMississippiRiverThearmywassenttodrivetheCherokeesout.Soldierssurroundedtheirvillagesandmarchedthematgunpointintothewesternterritory.Thesicktheoldandthesmallchildrenwentincartsalongwiththeirbelongings.Therestofthepeoplemarchedonfootorrodeonhorseback.ItwasNovemberyetmanyofthemstillworetheirsummerclothes.ColdandhungrytheCherokeeswerequicklyexhaustedbythehardshipsofthejourney.Manydroppeddeadandwereburiedbytheroadside.WhenthelastgrouparrivedintheirnewhomeinMarch1839morethan4000haddied.Itwasindeedamarchofdeath.ManyCherokeesdiedontheirwaytotheirnewhomemainlybecause______.
TheWhiteHouseWegotupearlythismorningand51alongwalkafterbreakfast.Wewalkedthroughthebusinesssectionofthecity.Itoldyouyesterdaythatthecitywaslarger52IthoughtItwouldbe.53thebusinesssectionissmallerthanIthoughtitwouldbe.Isupposethat’s54Washingtonisaspecialkindofcity.55thepeopleinWashingtonworkforthegovernment.About9:30wewenttotheWhiteHouse.It’s56tothepublicfrom10till12andtherewasalonglineofpeoplewaitingtogetin.Wedidn’thavetowaitverylongbecausethelinemoved57quickly.TheWhiteHouseisreallywhite.Itispaintedeveryyear.Anditseemsverywhitebecauseit’sgotbeautifullawnsallaroundit58manytreesandshrubs.Thegrounds59aboutfoursquareblocks.Imeanthey’reabouttwoblockslong60eachside.Thepart61thePresidentlivesandworksisnotopentothepublic.Butthepartwesawwasbeautiful.Wewentthroughfiveofthemainrooms.Oneofthemwasthelibraryonthegroundfloor.Onthenextfloortherearethreeroomsnamed62thecolorsthatareusedinthem:theRedRoomtheBlueRoomandtheGreenRoom.Thewallsarecoveredwithsilk63.Thereare64oldfurniturefromthetime65theWhiteHousewasfirstbuilt.Andeverywheretherearepaintingsandstatuesofformerpresidentsandotherfamouspeoplefromhistory.
TheCherokeeNationLongbeforethewhitemancametoAmericathelandbelongedtotheAmericanIndiannations.ThenationoftheCherokeeslivedinwhatisnowthesoutheasternpartoftheUnitedStates.AfterthewhitemancametheCherokeescopiedmanyoftheirways.OneCherokeenamedSequoyahsawhowimportantreadingandwritingwastothewhiteman.HedecidedtoinventawaytowriteclownthespokenCherokeelanguage.Hebeganbymakingwordpictures.Foreachwordhedrewapicture.Butthatprovedimpossible--therewerejusttoomanywords.Thenhetookthe85soundsthatmadeupthelanguage.UsinghisownimaginationandanEnglishspellingbookSequoyahinventedasignforeachsound.Hisalphabetprovedamazinglyeasytolearn.BeforelongmanyCherokeesknewhowtoreadandwriteintheirownlanguage.By1828theywereevenprintingtheirownnewspaper.In1830theU.S.Congresspassedalaw.ItallowedthegovernmenttoremoveIndiansfromtheirlands.TheCherokeesrefusedtogo.Theyhadlivedontheirlandsforcenturies.Itbelongedtothem.WhyshouldtheygotoastrangelandfarbeyondtheMississippiRiverThearmywassenttodrivetheCherokeesout.Soldierssurroundedtheirvillagesandmarchedthematgunpointintothewesternterritory.Thesicktheoldandthesmallchildrenwentincartsalongwiththeirbelongings.Therestofthepeoplemarchedonfootorrodeonhorseback.ItwasNovemberyetmanyofthemstillworetheirsummerclothes.ColdandhungrytheCherokeeswerequicklyexhaustedbythehardshipsofthejourney.Manydroppeddeadandwereburiedbytheroadside.WhenthelastgrouparrivedintheirnewhomeinMarch1839morethan4000haddied.Itwasindeedamarchofdeath.Alawwaspassedin1830to______.
Poorhealthandlackofmoneymaybebothtoeducationalprogressroadblocks.
Micro-chipResearchCenterCreatedAresearchcenterhasbeensetupinthisfar-eastcountrytodevelopadvancedmicro-chipproductiontechnology.ThecenterwhichwillstartoutwithaboutUS$14millionwillhelpthecountrydevelopitschipindustrywithoutalwaysdependingonimportedtechnology.Thecenterwillmakeuseofitsresearchskillsandfacilitiestodevelopnewtechnologyfordomesticchipplants.Theadventofthecenterwillpossiblyfreethecountryfromthesituationthatitisalwaysbuyingalmost-outdatedtechnologiesfromothercountriessaidthecountry’sflagshipchipmaker.Currentlychipplantsinthiscountryareinapassivesituationbecausemanyforeigngovernmentsdon’tallowthemtoimportthemostadvancedtechnologiesfearingtheywillbeusedformilitarypurposes.Moreoverthehighlicensingfeestheyhavetopaytotechnologyproviderarealsoanimportantreasonfortheirdecisionofself-reliance.Asmainstreamchipproductiontechnologyshiftsfromonegenerationtothenexteverythreetofiveyearsplantswithnewtechnologycanmakemorepowerfulchipsatlowercostswhileplantswithout-datedequipmentwhichoftencostbillionsofdollarstobuildwillbemarginalizedbythemaker.Morethan10chipplantsarebeingbuilteachcostingmillionsofUS.dollarsthemajorityofthatmoneygoestooverseasequipmentvendorsandtechnologyowners—mainlyfromJapanandSingapore.ShouldthenewcenterplayamajorroleinimprovingthesituationinindustrythecountryadmitstheUS$14millioninvestmentisstillrathersmall.Thiscountryisdevelopingcomprehensivetechnologies.Mostoftheinvestmentwillbespentonsettingallianceswithtechnologyandintellectualpropertyowners.Mainstreamchipproductiontechnologydeveloprapidly.
TheBuildingofthePyramidsTheoldeststonebuildingsintheworldarethepyramids.46.ThereareovereightyofthemscatteredalongthebanksoftheNilesomeofwhicharedifferentinshapefromthetruepyramids.ThemostfamousofthesearetheSteppyramidandBentpyramid.Someofthepyramidsstilllookmuchthesameastheymusthavedonewhentheywerebuiltthousandsofyearsago.Mostofthedamagesufferedbytheothershasbeenatthehandsofmenwhowerelookingfortreasureormoreoftenforstonetouseinmodernbuildings.47.Thesearegoodreasonswhytheycanstillbeseentodaybutperhapsthemostimportantisthattheywereplannedtolastforever.48.HowevertherearenowritingsorpicturestoshowushowtheEgyptiansplannedorbuiltthepyramidsthemselves.49.Neverthelessbyexaminingtheactualpyramidsandvarioustoolswhichhavebeenfoundarchaeologistshaveformedafairlyclearpictureofthem.Onethingiscertain:theremusthavebeenmonthsofcarefulplanningbeforetheycouldbegintobuild.50Youmaythinkthiswouldhavebeeneasywithmilesandmilesofemptydesertaroundbutapyramidcouldnotbebuiltjustanywhere.Certainruleshadtobefollowedandcertainproblemshadtobeovercome.A.ThedryclimateofEgypthashelpedtopreservethepyramidsandtheirveryshapehavemadethemlesslikelytofallintoruin.B.Itispracticallycertainthatplansweremadeforthebuildingofthepyramidsbecausetheplansofotherlargeworkshavefortunatelybeenpreserved.C.Thefirstthingtheyhadtodowastochooseasuitableplace.D.Consequentlyweareonlyabletoguessatthemethodsused.E.Manypeoplewerekilledwhilebuildingthepyramids.F.Theyhavestoodfornearly5000yearsanditseemslikelythattheywillcontinuetostandforthousandsofyearsyet.
Michaelisnowmerelyagoodfriend.
TheWhiteHouseWegotupearlythismorningand51alongwalkafterbreakfast.Wewalkedthroughthebusinesssectionofthecity.Itoldyouyesterdaythatthecitywaslarger52IthoughtItwouldbe.53thebusinesssectionissmallerthanIthoughtitwouldbe.Isupposethat’s54Washingtonisaspecialkindofcity.55thepeopleinWashingtonworkforthegovernment.About9:30wewenttotheWhiteHouse.It’s56tothepublicfrom10till12andtherewasalonglineofpeoplewaitingtogetin.Wedidn’thavetowaitverylongbecausethelinemoved57quickly.TheWhiteHouseisreallywhite.Itispaintedeveryyear.Anditseemsverywhitebecauseit’sgotbeautifullawnsallaroundit58manytreesandshrubs.Thegrounds59aboutfoursquareblocks.Imeanthey’reabouttwoblockslong60eachside.Thepart61thePresidentlivesandworksisnotopentothepublic.Butthepartwesawwasbeautiful.Wewentthroughfiveofthemainrooms.Oneofthemwasthelibraryonthegroundfloor.Onthenextfloortherearethreeroomsnamed62thecolorsthatareusedinthem:theRedRoomtheBlueRoomandtheGreenRoom.Thewallsarecoveredwithsilk63.Thereare64oldfurniturefromthetime65theWhiteHousewasfirstbuilt.Andeverywheretherearepaintingsandstatuesofformerpresidentsandotherfamouspeoplefromhistory.
Theyrefusedtoacknowledgethattheyweredefeated.
Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedat
TheWhiteHouseWegotupearlythismorningand51alongwalkafterbreakfast.Wewalkedthroughthebusinesssectionofthecity.Itoldyouyesterdaythatthecitywaslarger52IthoughtItwouldbe.53thebusinesssectionissmallerthanIthoughtitwouldbe.Isupposethat’s54Washingtonisaspecialkindofcity.55thepeopleinWashingtonworkforthegovernment.About9:30wewenttotheWhiteHouse.It’s56tothepublicfrom10till12andtherewasalonglineofpeoplewaitingtogetin.Wedidn’thavetowaitverylongbecausethelinemoved57quickly.TheWhiteHouseisreallywhite.Itispaintedeveryyear.Anditseemsverywhitebecauseit’sgotbeautifullawnsallaroundit58manytreesandshrubs.Thegrounds59aboutfoursquareblocks.Imeanthey’reabouttwoblockslong60eachside.Thepart61thePresidentlivesandworksisnotopentothepublic.Butthepartwesawwasbeautiful.Wewentthroughfiveofthemainrooms.Oneofthemwasthelibraryonthegroundfloor.Onthenextfloortherearethreeroomsnamed62thecolorsthatareusedinthem:theRedRoomtheBlueRoomandtheGreenRoom.Thewallsarecoveredwithsilk63.Thereare64oldfurniturefromthetime65theWhiteHousewasfirstbuilt.Andeverywheretherearepaintingsandstatuesofformerpresidentsandotherfamouspeoplefromhistory.
TheWhiteHouseWegotupearlythismorningand51alongwalkafterbreakfast.Wewalkedthroughthebusinesssectionofthecity.Itoldyouyesterdaythatthecitywaslarger52IthoughtItwouldbe.53thebusinesssectionissmallerthanIthoughtitwouldbe.Isupposethat’s54Washingtonisaspecialkindofcity.55thepeopleinWashingtonworkforthegovernment.About9:30wewenttotheWhiteHouse.It’s56tothepublicfrom10till12andtherewasalonglineofpeoplewaitingtogetin.Wedidn’thavetowaitverylongbecausethelinemoved57quickly.TheWhiteHouseisreallywhite.Itispaintedeveryyear.Anditseemsverywhitebecauseit’sgotbeautifullawnsallaroundit58manytreesandshrubs.Thegrounds59aboutfoursquareblocks.Imeanthey’reabouttwoblockslong60eachside.Thepart61thePresidentlivesandworksisnotopentothepublic.Butthepartwesawwasbeautiful.Wewentthroughfiveofthemainrooms.Oneofthemwasthelibraryonthegroundfloor.Onthenextfloortherearethreeroomsnamed62thecolorsthatareusedinthem:theRedRoomtheBlueRoomandtheGreenRoom.Thewallsarecoveredwithsilk63.Thereare64oldfurniturefromthetime65theWhiteHousewasfirstbuilt.Andeverywheretherearepaintingsandstatuesofformerpresidentsandotherfamouspeoplefromhistory.
Micro-chipResearchCenterCreatedAresearchcenterhasbeensetupinthisfar-eastcountrytodevelopadvancedmicro-chipproductiontechnology.ThecenterwhichwillstartoutwithaboutUS$14millionwillhelpthecountrydevelopitschipindustrywithoutalwaysdependingonimportedtechnology.Thecenterwillmakeuseofitsresearchskillsandfacilitiestodevelopnewtechnologyfordomesticchipplants.Theadventofthecenterwillpossiblyfreethecountryfromthesituationthatitisalwaysbuyingalmost-outdatedtechnologiesfromothercountriessaidthecountry’sflagshipchipmaker.Currentlychipplantsinthiscountryareinapassivesituationbecausemanyforeigngovernmentsdon’tallowthemtoimportthemostadvancedtechnologiesfearingtheywillbeusedformilitarypurposes.Moreoverthehighlicensingfeestheyhavetopaytotechnologyproviderarealsoanimportantreasonfortheirdecisionofself-reliance.Asmainstreamchipproductiontechnologyshiftsfromonegenerationtothenexteverythreetofiveyearsplantswithnewtechnologycanmakemorepowerfulchipsatlowercostswhileplantswithout-datedequipmentwhichoftencostbillionsofdollarstobuildwillbemarginalizedbythemaker.Morethan10chipplantsarebeingbuilteachcostingmillionsofUS.dollarsthemajorityofthatmoneygoestooverseasequipmentvendorsandtechnologyowners—mainlyfromJapanandSingapore.ShouldthenewcenterplayamajorroleinimprovingthesituationinindustrythecountryadmitstheUS$14millioninvestmentisstillrathersmall.Thiscountryisdevelopingcomprehensivetechnologies.Mostoftheinvestmentwillbespentonsettingallianceswithtechnologyandintellectualpropertyowners.Manywesterncountriesbantheexportingofthemostadvancedchip-makingtechnologiestothatcountrytopreventthemfrombeingusedformilitarypurposes.
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