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阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 ?...
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? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
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Cometsarestillregardedwithfrightbysomepeople.
Abarehillappearsbehindthejungle.
Biotechnology Biotechnologyinoneformoranotherhasflourishedsinceprehistorictimes.Whenthefirsthumanbeingsrealizedthattheycouldplanttheirowncropsandbreedtheirownanimalstheylearnedtousebiotechnology.Thediscoverythatfruitjuicesfermented发酵inwineorthatmilkcouldbeconvertedintocheeseoryogurt酸乳酶orthatbeercouldbemadebyfermentingsolutionsofmalt麦芽andhops啤酒花beganthestudyofbiotechnology.Whenthefirstbakersfoundthattheycouldmakeasoftspongy多乳的breadratherthanafirmthincrackertheywe’’reactingasfledgling缺乏经验的biotechnologists.Thefirstanimalbreedersrealizingthatdifferentphysicaltraitscouldbeeithermagnifiedorlostbymatingappropriatepairsofanimalsengagedinthemanipulationsofbiotechnology. Whatthenisbiotechnology?Thetermbringstominddifferentthings.Somethinkofdevelopingnewtypesofanimals.Othersdreamofalmostunlimitedsourcesofhumantherapeutic治疗的drugs.Stillothersenvision想象thepossibilityofgrowingcropsthataremorenutritious有养分的andnaturallypest-resistant有抵抗力的tofeedarapidlygrowingworldpopulation.Thisquestionelicits引发almostasmanyfirst-thoughtresponsesastherearepeopletowhomthequestioncanbeposed.Initspurestformthetermbiotechnologyreferstotheuseoflivingorganismsortheirproductstomodifyhumanhealthandthehumanenvironment.Prehistoricbiotechnologistsdidthisastheyusedyeastcellstoraisebreaddough生面团andtofermentalcoholicbeveragesandbacterialcellstomakecheesesandyogurtsandastheybredtheirstrongproductiveanimalstomakeevenstrongerandmoreproductiveoffspring.Throughouthumanhistorywehavelearnedagreatdealaboutthedifferentorganismsthatourancestorsusedsoeffectively.Themarkedincreaseinourunderstandingoftheseorganismsandtheircellproductsgainsustheabilitytocontrolthemanyfunctionsofvariouscellsandorganisms.Usingthetechniquesofgenesplicing叠接andrecombineDNAtechnologywecannowactuallycombinethegeneticelementsoftwoormorelivingcells.FunctioninglengthsofDNAcanbetakenfromoneorganismandplacedintothecellsofanotherorganism.Asaresultforexamplewecancausebacterialcellstoproducehumanmoleculescowscanproducemoremilkorthesameamountoffeedandwecansynthesizetherapeuticmoleculesthathaveneverbeforeexisted. Thetermbiotechnologymaybringdifferentthingstomindexcept______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务11～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项分别完成每个句子请将答案写在相应的横线上 ??????? ??????????{{B}}The MagicIoPersonalDigitalPen{{/B}}??Checkoutthepersonaldigital penbyLogitech:It’samagicpenthatcanstoreeverythingyouwriteand transferittoyourcomputer.Andyoudon’thavetolugahand-helddevicealong withyouforittowork.??Logitech’stechnologyworkslikethis: thepenwritesnormallyusingnormalballpointpenink.Butwhileyouare writingatinycamerainsidethepenisalsotaking100snapshotspersecondof whatyouaredoingmappingyourwritingviaapatchworkofminutedotsprinted onthepaper.Allthisinformation—themovementofyourpenonthepaper basically—sthenstoreddigitallyinsidethepenwhetheryouarewritingnotes ordrawingcomplexdiagrams.Youcanstoreupto40pagesworthofdoodlesin thepen’smemory.Asfaryouareconcernedyouarejustusinganormal pen.??ItisonlywhenyoudropthepenintoitsPC-connected cradle支架thatthefunbegins.SpecialsoftwareonyourPCwillfigureoutwhat youhavedoneandbegintodownloadanydocumentsyouhavewrittensincethe lasttimeitwasthere.Dependingonwhetheryouhaveticked打上记号rtainboxes onthespecialnotepad记事本tcanalsotellwhetherthedocumentisdestinedto beane-mailatodotaskoradiagramtobeinsertedintoaword-processing document.Oncethedocumentsaredownloadedyoucanviewthemprintthemoutor convertthemtootherformals.??Theiopersonaldigitalpenisa neatandsimplysolutiontotheproblemofstoringsharingandretrieving handwrittennotesaswellasforhandlingdiagramspicturesandothernon-text doodling.Youdon’thavetocarryalaptopalongwithyou.Allyouhavetodois justwhipoutthepenandthespecialpaperandyouareoff.??It isagreatproductbecauseitdoesnotforceyoutoworkdifferently—alking aroundwithascreenstrappedtoyourarmorcarryingwithyouextrabitsand pieces.Thepenislightandworkslikeanormalpenifyouneedittowhile thespecialnotepadslookandfeellikenotepads.Theonlystrangelookswillbe frompeoplewhoarecuriousaboutwhyyourarewritingwithacigar.? ?Theiopersonaldigitalpenalsohaspotentialelsewhere.Fedexfor exampleisintroducingaversionofthepensothatcustomerscanfillout formsbyhand—insteadofpunchingletterintocumbersomedevices.Oncethat dataisdigitalmoreorlessanythingcanbedonewithit—transferringit wirelesslytoacentralcomputerforexampleorviaahand-phone.Doctors couldtransmittheirprescriptionsdirecttopharmaciesreducingfraud; policemencouldsendtheirreportsbacktothestationreducingpaper work.Ifyouwanttodownloadwhatyouhavedonewiththemagicpen______.
Biotechnology Biotechnologyinoneformoranotherhasflourishedsinceprehistorictimes.Whenthefirsthumanbeingsrealizedthattheycouldplanttheirowncropsandbreedtheirownanimalstheylearnedtousebiotechnology.Thediscoverythatfruitjuicesfermented发酵inwineorthatmilkcouldbeconvertedintocheeseoryogurt酸乳酶orthatbeercouldbemadebyfermentingsolutionsofmalt麦芽andhops啤酒花beganthestudyofbiotechnology.Whenthefirstbakersfoundthattheycouldmakeasoftspongy多乳的breadratherthanafirmthincrackertheywe’’reactingasfledgling缺乏经验的biotechnologists.Thefirstanimalbreedersrealizingthatdifferentphysicaltraitscouldbeeithermagnifiedorlostbymatingappropriatepairsofanimalsengagedinthemanipulationsofbiotechnology. Whatthenisbiotechnology?Thetermbringstominddifferentthings.Somethinkofdevelopingnewtypesofanimals.Othersdreamofalmostunlimitedsourcesofhumantherapeutic治疗的drugs.Stillothersenvision想象thepossibilityofgrowingcropsthataremorenutritious有养分的andnaturallypest-resistant有抵抗力的tofeedarapidlygrowingworldpopulation.Thisquestionelicits引发almostasmanyfirst-thoughtresponsesastherearepeopletowhomthequestioncanbeposed.Initspurestformthetermbiotechnologyreferstotheuseoflivingorganismsortheirproductstomodifyhumanhealthandthehumanenvironment.Prehistoricbiotechnologistsdidthisastheyusedyeastcellstoraisebreaddough生面团andtofermentalcoholicbeveragesandbacterialcellstomakecheesesandyogurtsandastheybredtheirstrongproductiveanimalstomakeevenstrongerandmoreproductiveoffspring.Throughouthumanhistorywehavelearnedagreatdealaboutthedifferentorganismsthatourancestorsusedsoeffectively.Themarkedincreaseinourunderstandingoftheseorganismsandtheircellproductsgainsustheabilitytocontrolthemanyfunctionsofvariouscellsandorganisms.Usingthetechniquesofgenesplicing叠接andrecombineDNAtechnologywecannowactuallycombinethegeneticelementsoftwoormorelivingcells.FunctioninglengthsofDNAcanbetakenfromoneorganismandplacedintothecellsofanotherorganism.Asaresultforexamplewecancausebacterialcellstoproducehumanmoleculescowscanproducemoremilkorthesameamountoffeedandwecansynthesizetherapeuticmoleculesthathaveneverbeforeexisted. Biotechnologyenablesus______.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息清选择A项如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B项如果该句的信息文章中没有提及请选择C项 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}FoodandCancer{{/B}}? ?MedicalExpertshavesuspectedformanyyearsthatthereisastronglink betweenwhatapersoneatsandcancer.Theysayanewstudyprovidesthefirst evidencethatvitaminscouldreduceaperson’schanceofdevelopingcancer.A teamofChineseandAmericanscientistsdidthestudy.TheyarefromAmerican NationalCancerInstituteandtheCancerInstituteoftheChineseAcademyof MedicalsciencesinBeijing.TheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstitute publishedtheresultsofthestudy.Aboutthirtythousandpeoplebetweenthe agesof40to69tookpartinthestudy.Theywereformthenortherncentral ChineseareaofLinxian.Mostofthemtookvitaminsandmineralseverydayfor fiveyears.??Linxianwaschosenbecausethepeopletherehavean extremelyhighrateofcancerofstomachandesophagus.Researchersbelievethat fungusandmoldsinlocalfoodsmaybepartlyresponsibleforthehighcancer rate.Researchersdividedthoseintoeightgroups.Sevenofthegroupsreceived differentmixturesofvitaminsandmineralsdaily.Theamountsofthevitamins andmineralswere1to2timesgreaterthanwhatAmericanhealthofficialssay isneeded.Theeighthgroupreceivedsugarpillsthathadnoeffect.Thosewho seemedtofainthemostreceivedamixtureofaformofvitaminAcalled B-carotenevitaminEandthemineralselenium.Thevitaminandmineralare believedtopreventdamagetocellscausedbycancer-causingsubstances. Researchersreporteda13percentdropincancerratesinthosewhotook B-carotenevitaminEandselenium.Theyalsofounda10percentdropinthe numberofdeathscausedbystrokesfromburstingbloodvessels.? ?Scientistswarnthatitistoosoontoknowiftheeffectwouldbethe sameamongpeopleinothercountries.TheynotethatthepeopleinLinxianeat foodsthatlacknecessaryvitaminsandminerals.Chineseofficialswillcontinue torecordthehealthrecordsofthepeopleinLinxianformanyyears.Fornow officialsreportedlyareconsideringusingtheresultsofthestudy.Theywant tofindawaytoimprovedthehealthofpeopleinLinxianandothersmalltowns inChina.Theresultsofthenewstudyareunexpected.
BathingIntheSea BathingintheseainEnglandahundredyearsagowasnotquitethelight-heartedamusementthatitistoday.Therearenorunningdownfromthehoteltothebeachinabathrobe长袍nosunbathingorlyingaboutonthesandsinbathing-dressesafterthedip.Everythinghadtobedoneinanorderlyandextremelypolitemanner.Mixedbathingwasnotallowedanywhere.Menandwomeneachhadtheirseparatepartofthebeachandtheywerenotsupposedtomeetinthewater. Bathingclotheswerealsocloselycontrolled.Menusuallyworesimplebathingdrawersandnomorebutwomenwereobligedtowearthickcumbersomewoolengarmentsthatcoveredthemcompletelyfromheadtofoot.Thesesatisfiedthedemandsofmodestybuttheymusthavebeenextremelyuncomfortableforswimming. Eventhusdecentlycoveredwomenwerenotsupposedtoshowthemselvesonthebeachwhileinbathingattire浴衣.Theyhadtowaittheirturnforabathingmachineasortofwoodencabinonwheelswhichwasdrawnrightdowntothewatersedgebyhorses.Onitsseawardsideasortofhoodorcanopy罩盖stretchedoutwardsanddownwardsoverthewatercompletelyhidingthebatheruntilshewasactuallyintheseaTherewasabathingwomaninattendancepartofwhosedutywastodipinotherwordstoseizethebatherassoonassheemergedanddipherforciblyunderwatertwoorthreetimes.Thiswassupposedtobeforthebenefitofherhealthandnodoubtitwasallrightinthehandsofthegentle.Butmostbathingwomenwerethereverseofgentleandtobedippedbythemmusthavebeenastrenuousformofexercise. Thebathingmachinewasused______.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息清选择A项如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B项如果该句的信息文章中没有提及请选择C项 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}FoodandCancer{{/B}}? ?MedicalExpertshavesuspectedformanyyearsthatthereisastronglink betweenwhatapersoneatsandcancer.Theysayanewstudyprovidesthefirst evidencethatvitaminscouldreduceaperson’schanceofdevelopingcancer.A teamofChineseandAmericanscientistsdidthestudy.TheyarefromAmerican NationalCancerInstituteandtheCancerInstituteoftheChineseAcademyof MedicalsciencesinBeijing.TheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstitute publishedtheresultsofthestudy.Aboutthirtythousandpeoplebetweenthe agesof40to69tookpartinthestudy.Theywereformthenortherncentral ChineseareaofLinxian.Mostofthemtookvitaminsandmineralseverydayfor fiveyears.??Linxianwaschosenbecausethepeopletherehavean extremelyhighrateofcancerofstomachandesophagus.Researchersbelievethat fungusandmoldsinlocalfoodsmaybepartlyresponsibleforthehighcancer rate.Researchersdividedthoseintoeightgroups.Sevenofthegroupsreceived differentmixturesofvitaminsandmineralsdaily.Theamountsofthevitamins andmineralswere1to2timesgreaterthanwhatAmericanhealthofficialssay isneeded.Theeighthgroupreceivedsugarpillsthathadnoeffect.Thosewho seemedtofainthemostreceivedamixtureofaformofvitaminAcalled B-carotenevitaminEandthemineralselenium.Thevitaminandmineralare believedtopreventdamagetocellscausedbycancer-causingsubstances. Researchersreporteda13percentdropincancerratesinthosewhotook B-carotenevitaminEandselenium.Theyalsofounda10percentdropinthe numberofdeathscausedbystrokesfromburstingbloodvessels.? ?Scientistswarnthatitistoosoontoknowiftheeffectwouldbethe sameamongpeopleinothercountries.TheynotethatthepeopleinLinxianeat foodsthatlacknecessaryvitaminsandminerals.Chineseofficialswillcontinue torecordthehealthrecordsofthepeopleinLinxianformanyyears.Fornow officialsreportedlyareconsideringusingtheresultsofthestudy.Theywant tofindawaytoimprovedthehealthofpeopleinLinxianandothersmalltowns inChina.Theresultsofthestudyareofgreatsignificancetopeopleeverywhere.
Ourpublictransportationisnotsufficientfortheneedofthepeopleinourmajorcities.
TheAttitudeForComputers AsDr.SamuelJohnsonsaidinadifferenteraaboutladiespreachingthesurprisingthingaboutcomputersisnotthattheythinklesswellthanamanbutthattheythinkatall.Theearlyelectroniccomputerdidnothavemuchgoingforitexceptamarvelousmemoryandsomegoodmathskills.Buttodaythebestmodelscanbewireduptolearnbyexperiencefollowanargumentaskproperquestionsandwritepoetryandmusic.Theycanalsocarryonsomewhatpuzzlingconversations. Computersimitatelife.Ascomputersgetmorecompletetheimitationgetsbetter.Finallythelinebetweentheoriginalandthecopybecomesunclear.Inanother15yearsorsowewillseethecomputerasanewformoflife. Theopinionseemsridiculousbecauseforonethingcomputerslackthedrivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures.Butdrivescanbeprogrammedintothecomputer’’sbrainjustasnatureprogrammedthemintoourhumanbrainsasapartoftheequipmentforsurvival. Computersmatchpeopleinsomerolesandwhenfastdecisionsareneededinacrisistheyoftensurpassthem.Havingevolvedwhenthepaceoflifewasslowerthehumanbrainhasaninherentdefectthatpreventsitfromabsorbingseveralstreamsofinformationsimultaneouslyandactingonthemquickly.Throwtoomanythingsatthebrainatonetimeanditfreezesup. Wearestillincontrolbutthecapabilitiesofcomputersareincreasingatafantasticratewhilerawhumanintelligenceischangingslowlyifatall.Computerpowerhasincreasedtentimeseveryeightyearssince1946.Inthe1990swhenthesixthgenerationappearsthereasoningpowerofanintelligencebuiltoutofsiliconwillbegintomatchthatofthehumanbrain. Thatdoesnotmeantheevolutionofintelligencehasendedontheearth.Judgingbythepastwecanexpectthatanewspecieswillariseoutofmansurpassinghisachievementsashehassurpassedthoseofhispredecessor.Onlyacarbonchemistryenthusiastwouldassumethatthespeciesmustbeman’’sflesh-and-blooddescendants.Thenewkindofintelligentlifeismorelikelytobemadeofsilicon. Todaycomputersarestillinferiortomanintermsofgrowthofreasoningpower.
{{*HTML*}}??下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每道题后面有4个选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ??{{B}}Obesity肥胖:theScourge祸害oftheWestern World{{/B}}??Obesityisrapidlybecominganewscourgeofthe westernworlddelegatesagreedatthellthEuropeanConferenceontheissuein ViennaWednesdaytoSaturday.Accordingtostatementsbeforetheopeningofthe conference—of2000specialistsfrommorethan50countries—1.2billion peopleworldwideareoverweightand250millionareobese.?? ProfessorBernhardLudvikofViennaGeneralHospitalsaidObesityisachronic illness.InGermany20percentofthepeoplearealreadyaffectedbutin Japanonlyonepercent.Buthesaidthattherewashopeforsufferersthanks tothenewscientificdiscoveriesandmedication.??Professor FriedrichHopichlerofSalzbergsaidWearelivinginthenewagebutwith themetabolismofastone—ageman.IhavejustbeentotheUnitedStates.It isreallyterrible.Apizzashopisspringinguponeverycomer.Wehavebeen overranbyfastfoodandCoca-Cola-ization.??Manyoftheexperts stressedthatobesitywasapotentialkiller.HopichlersaidEightypercent ofalldiabeticsareobesealsofiftypercentofallpatientswithhighblood pressureandfiftypercentwithadiposetissuecomplaints.Tenpercentmore weightmeansthirteenpercentmoreriskofheartdisease.Reducingone’sweight bytenpercentleadstothirteenpercentlowerbloodpressure.? ?AnotherexpertHermannToplaksaidthatthestatehealthservicesshould improvetheirfinancingofpreventiveprograms.Thoughthehealthinsurance paysforsurgerysuchasreducingthesizeofthestomachwhenthebody-mass indexismorethan40.Thatisequivalenttoaweightof116kilogramsfora heightof1.70meters.Oneshouldstartearlier.??Ludviksaid thatpreventionshouldbegininschool.Childobesityfatdepositscorrelates withthetimewhichchildrenspendinfrontofTVsets.??The consequenceswereonlyapparentlateron.Nomorethanfifteenpercentofobese peoplelivedtotheaveragelifeexpectancyfortheirpopulation group.??scourgen.天灾;祸害??obesityn.肥胖症? ?overrunvt.侵扰蹂躏??obeseadj.肥胖症??diabetic n.糖悄病患者adj.糖尿病的??medicationn.药物疗法??adipose adj.脂肪的肥胖的??metabolismn.新陈代谢Itseemsthatthe______peopleareleastaffectedbyobesityamongthedevelopedcountriesandareasmentionedinthepassage.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息清选择A项如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B项如果该句的信息文章中没有提及请选择C项 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}FoodandCancer{{/B}}? ?MedicalExpertshavesuspectedformanyyearsthatthereisastronglink betweenwhatapersoneatsandcancer.Theysayanewstudyprovidesthefirst evidencethatvitaminscouldreduceaperson’schanceofdevelopingcancer.A teamofChineseandAmericanscientistsdidthestudy.TheyarefromAmerican NationalCancerInstituteandtheCancerInstituteoftheChineseAcademyof MedicalsciencesinBeijing.TheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstitute publishedtheresultsofthestudy.Aboutthirtythousandpeoplebetweenthe agesof40to69tookpartinthestudy.Theywereformthenortherncentral ChineseareaofLinxian.Mostofthemtookvitaminsandmineralseverydayfor fiveyears.??Linxianwaschosenbecausethepeopletherehavean extremelyhighrateofcancerofstomachandesophagus.Researchersbelievethat fungusandmoldsinlocalfoodsmaybepartlyresponsibleforthehighcancer rate.Researchersdividedthoseintoeightgroups.Sevenofthegroupsreceived differentmixturesofvitaminsandmineralsdaily.Theamountsofthevitamins andmineralswere1to2timesgreaterthanwhatAmericanhealthofficialssay isneeded.Theeighthgroupreceivedsugarpillsthathadnoeffect.Thosewho seemedtofainthemostreceivedamixtureofaformofvitaminAcalled B-carotenevitaminEandthemineralselenium.Thevitaminandmineralare believedtopreventdamagetocellscausedbycancer-causingsubstances. Researchersreporteda13percentdropincancerratesinthosewhotook B-carotenevitaminEandselenium.Theyalsofounda10percentdropinthe numberofdeathscausedbystrokesfromburstingbloodvessels.? ?Scientistswarnthatitistoosoontoknowiftheeffectwouldbethe sameamongpeopleinothercountries.TheynotethatthepeopleinLinxianeat foodsthatlacknecessaryvitaminsandminerals.Chineseofficialswillcontinue torecordthehealthrecordsofthepeopleinLinxianformanyyears.Fornow officialsreportedlyareconsideringusingtheresultsofthestudy.Theywant tofindawaytoimprovedthehealthofpeopleinLinxianandothersmalltowns inChina.FungusandmoldsinlocalfoodsmaybepartlyresponsibleforthehighcancerrateinLinxian.
TheAttitudeForComputers AsDr.SamuelJohnsonsaidinadifferenteraaboutladiespreachingthesurprisingthingaboutcomputersisnotthattheythinklesswellthanamanbutthattheythinkatall.Theearlyelectroniccomputerdidnothavemuchgoingforitexceptamarvelousmemoryandsomegoodmathskills.Buttodaythebestmodelscanbewireduptolearnbyexperiencefollowanargumentaskproperquestionsandwritepoetryandmusic.Theycanalsocarryonsomewhatpuzzlingconversations. Computersimitatelife.Ascomputersgetmorecompletetheimitationgetsbetter.Finallythelinebetweentheoriginalandthecopybecomesunclear.Inanother15yearsorsowewillseethecomputerasanewformoflife. Theopinionseemsridiculousbecauseforonethingcomputerslackthedrivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures.Butdrivescanbeprogrammedintothecomputer’’sbrainjustasnatureprogrammedthemintoourhumanbrainsasapartoftheequipmentforsurvival. Computersmatchpeopleinsomerolesandwhenfastdecisionsareneededinacrisistheyoftensurpassthem.Havingevolvedwhenthepaceoflifewasslowerthehumanbrainhasaninherentdefectthatpreventsitfromabsorbingseveralstreamsofinformationsimultaneouslyandactingonthemquickly.Throwtoomanythingsatthebrainatonetimeanditfreezesup. Wearestillincontrolbutthecapabilitiesofcomputersareincreasingatafantasticratewhilerawhumanintelligenceischangingslowlyifatall.Computerpowerhasincreasedtentimeseveryeightyearssince1946.Inthe1990swhenthesixthgenerationappearsthereasoningpowerofanintelligencebuiltoutofsiliconwillbegintomatchthatofthehumanbrain. Thatdoesnotmeantheevolutionofintelligencehasendedontheearth.Judgingbythepastwecanexpectthatanewspecieswillariseoutofmansurpassinghisachievementsashehassurpassedthoseofhispredecessor.Onlyacarbonchemistryenthusiastwouldassumethatthespeciesmustbeman’’sflesh-and-blooddescendants.Thenewkindofintelligentlifeismorelikelytobemadeofsilicon. Futureintelligentlifemaynotnecessarilybemadeoforganicmatter.
Itisdifficulttounderstandthiskindofcomplicatedcalculation.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ?{{B}}MaleandFemalePilotsCauseAccidentsDifferently{{/B}}? ?MalepilotsflyinggeneralaviationprivateaircraftintheUnited Statesaremorelikelytocrashduetoinattentionorflaweddecision-making. Whilefemalepilotsaremorelikelytocrashfrommishandlingtheaircraft. ThesearetheresultsofastudybyresearchersattheJohnsHopkinsUniversity BloombergSchoolofPublicHealth.??Thestudyidentifiesthe differencesbetweenmaleandfemalepilotsintermsofcircumstancesofthe crashandthetypeofpilotserrorinvolved.Crashesofgeneralaviation aircraftaccountfor85percentofallaviationdeathsintheUnitedStates.The crashrateformalepilotsasformotorvehicledriversexceedsthatof crashesoffemalepilotsexplainsSusanP.BakerMPHprofessorofhealth policyandmanagementattheBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth.Becausepilot youthandinexperienceareestablishedcontributorstoaviationcrasheswe focusedononlymaturepilotstodeterminethegenderdifferencesinthe reasonsforthecrash.??Theresearchersextracteddataforthis studyfromalargeresearchprojectonpilotagingandflightsafety.Thedata weregatheredfromgeneralaviationcrashesofairplanesandheIicoptersbetween 1983and1997involving144femalepilotsand267malepilotsaged40-63. Femalepilotswerematchedwithmalepilotsina1:2ratiobyageclassesof medicalandpilotcertificatesstateorareaofcrashandyearofcrash.Then thecircumstancesofthecrashesandthepiloterrorinvolvedwerecategorized andcodedwithoutknowledgeofpilotgender.??Theresearchers foundthatlossofcontrolonlandingortakeoffwasthemostcommon circumstanceforbothsexesleadingto59percentoffemalepi.lots’crashes and36percentofmales’.Experiencingmechanicalfailurerunningoutoffuel andland!ngtheplanewiththelandinggearupwereamongthefactorsmore likelywithmaleswhilestallingwasmorelikelywithfemales.? ?Themajorityofthecrashes—95percentforfemalesand88percentfor males—involvedatleastonetypeofpiloterror.Mishandlingaircraftkinetics wasthemostcommonerrorforbothsexesbutwasmorecommonamongfemales accountingfor81percentofthecrashesthanmalesaccountingfor48 percent.Maleshoweverappearedmorelikelytobeguiltyofpoor decision-makingrisk-takingandinattentivenessexamplesofwhichinclude misjudgingweatherandvisibilityorflyinganaircraftwithaknowndefect. Femalesthoughmorelikelytomishandleorlosecontroloftheaircraftwere generallymorecarefulthantheirmalecounterparts.?? inattentionn.疏忽??aviationn.航空??flawedadj. 有缺陷的??mishandlev.瞎弄乱处理??MPHMasterofPublic Health公共卫生硕士??mnoutv.耗尽用完??stalllv.飞机失速 发动机熄火??kineticsn.动力学WhichofthestatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothesecondparagraph?
Thesisterscan’’ttolerateeachother.
{{*HTML*}}??下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每道题后面有4个选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ??{{B}}Obesity肥胖:theScourge祸害oftheWestern World{{/B}}??Obesityisrapidlybecominganewscourgeofthe westernworlddelegatesagreedatthellthEuropeanConferenceontheissuein ViennaWednesdaytoSaturday.Accordingtostatementsbeforetheopeningofthe conference—of2000specialistsfrommorethan50countries—1.2billion peopleworldwideareoverweightand250millionareobese.?? ProfessorBernhardLudvikofViennaGeneralHospitalsaidObesityisachronic illness.InGermany20percentofthepeoplearealreadyaffectedbutin Japanonlyonepercent.Buthesaidthattherewashopeforsufferersthanks tothenewscientificdiscoveriesandmedication.??Professor FriedrichHopichlerofSalzbergsaidWearelivinginthenewagebutwith themetabolismofastone—ageman.IhavejustbeentotheUnitedStates.It isreallyterrible.Apizzashopisspringinguponeverycomer.Wehavebeen overranbyfastfoodandCoca-Cola-ization.??Manyoftheexperts stressedthatobesitywasapotentialkiller.HopichlersaidEightypercent ofalldiabeticsareobesealsofiftypercentofallpatientswithhighblood pressureandfiftypercentwithadiposetissuecomplaints.Tenpercentmore weightmeansthirteenpercentmoreriskofheartdisease.Reducingone’sweight bytenpercentleadstothirteenpercentlowerbloodpressure.? ?AnotherexpertHermannToplaksaidthatthestatehealthservicesshould improvetheirfinancingofpreventiveprograms.Thoughthehealthinsurance paysforsurgerysuchasreducingthesizeofthestomachwhenthebody-mass indexismorethan40.Thatisequivalenttoaweightof116kilogramsfora heightof1.70meters.Oneshouldstartearlier.??Ludviksaid thatpreventionshouldbegininschool.Childobesityfatdepositscorrelates withthetimewhichchildrenspendinfrontofTVsets.??The consequenceswereonlyapparentlateron.Nomorethanfifteenpercentofobese peoplelivedtotheaveragelifeexpectancyfortheirpopulation group.??scourgen.天灾;祸害??obesityn.肥胖症? ?overrunvt.侵扰蹂躏??obeseadj.肥胖症??diabetic n.糖悄病患者adj.糖尿病的??medicationn.药物疗法??adipose adj.脂肪的肥胖的??metabolismn.新陈代谢Whatisthecorrelationbetweenbodyweightandheartdiseaseandbloodpressure?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务11～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项分别完成每个句子请将答案写在相应的横线上 ??????? ??????????{{B}}The MagicIoPersonalDigitalPen{{/B}}??Checkoutthepersonaldigital penbyLogitech:It’samagicpenthatcanstoreeverythingyouwriteand transferittoyourcomputer.Andyoudon’thavetolugahand-helddevicealong withyouforittowork.??Logitech’stechnologyworkslikethis: thepenwritesnormallyusingnormalballpointpenink.Butwhileyouare writingatinycamerainsidethepenisalsotaking100snapshotspersecondof whatyouaredoingmappingyourwritingviaapatchworkofminutedotsprinted onthepaper.Allthisinformation—themovementofyourpenonthepaper basically—sthenstoreddigitallyinsidethepenwhetheryouarewritingnotes ordrawingcomplexdiagrams.Youcanstoreupto40pagesworthofdoodlesin thepen’smemory.Asfaryouareconcernedyouarejustusinganormal pen.??ItisonlywhenyoudropthepenintoitsPC-connected cradle支架thatthefunbegins.SpecialsoftwareonyourPCwillfigureoutwhat youhavedoneandbegintodownloadanydocumentsyouhavewrittensincethe lasttimeitwasthere.Dependingonwhetheryouhaveticked打上记号rtainboxes onthespecialnotepad记事本tcanalsotellwhetherthedocumentisdestinedto beane-mailatodotaskoradiagramtobeinsertedintoaword-processing document.Oncethedocumentsaredownloadedyoucanviewthemprintthemoutor convertthemtootherformals.??Theiopersonaldigitalpenisa neatandsimplysolutiontotheproblemofstoringsharingandretrieving handwrittennotesaswellasforhandlingdiagramspicturesandothernon-text doodling.Youdon’thavetocarryalaptopalongwithyou.Allyouhavetodois justwhipoutthepenandthespecialpaperandyouareoff.??It isagreatproductbecauseitdoesnotforceyoutoworkdifferently—alking aroundwithascreenstrappedtoyourarmorcarryingwithyouextrabitsand pieces.Thepenislightandworkslikeanormalpenifyouneedittowhile thespecialnotepadslookandfeellikenotepads.Theonlystrangelookswillbe frompeoplewhoarecuriousaboutwhyyourarewritingwithacigar.? ?Theiopersonaldigitalpenalsohaspotentialelsewhere.Fedexfor exampleisintroducingaversionofthepensothatcustomerscanfillout formsbyhand—insteadofpunchingletterintocumbersomedevices.Oncethat dataisdigitalmoreorlessanythingcanbedonewithit—transferringit wirelesslytoacentralcomputerforexampleorviaahand-phone.Doctors couldtransmittheirprescriptionsdirecttopharmaciesreducingfraud; policemencouldsendtheirreportsbacktothestationreducingpaper work.Paragraph3______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务11～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项分别完成每个句子请将答案写在相应的横线上 ??????? ??????????{{B}}The MagicIoPersonalDigitalPen{{/B}}??Checkoutthepersonaldigital penbyLogitech:It’samagicpenthatcanstoreeverythingyouwriteand transferittoyourcomputer.Andyoudon’thavetolugahand-helddevicealong withyouforittowork.??Logitech’stechnologyworkslikethis: thepenwritesnormallyusingnormalballpointpenink.Butwhileyouare writingatinycamerainsidethepenisalsotaking100snapshotspersecondof whatyouaredoingmappingyourwritingviaapatchworkofminutedotsprinted onthepaper.Allthisinformation—themovementofyourpenonthepaper basically—sthenstoreddigitallyinsidethepenwhetheryouarewritingnotes ordrawingcomplexdiagrams.Youcanstoreupto40pagesworthofdoodlesin thepen’smemory.Asfaryouareconcernedyouarejustusinganormal pen.??ItisonlywhenyoudropthepenintoitsPC-connected cradle支架thatthefunbegins.SpecialsoftwareonyourPCwillfigureoutwhat youhavedoneandbegintodownloadanydocumentsyouhavewrittensincethe lasttimeitwasthere.Dependingonwhetheryouhaveticked打上记号rtainboxes onthespecialnotepad记事本tcanalsotellwhetherthedocumentisdestinedto beane-mailatodotaskoradiagramtobeinsertedintoaword-processing document.Oncethedocumentsaredownloadedyoucanviewthemprintthemoutor convertthemtootherformals.??Theiopersonaldigitalpenisa neatandsimplysolutiontotheproblemofstoringsharingandretrieving handwrittennotesaswellasforhandlingdiagramspicturesandothernon-text doodling.Youdon’thavetocarryalaptopalongwithyou.Allyouhavetodois justwhipoutthepenandthespecialpaperandyouareoff.??It isagreatproductbecauseitdoesnotforceyoutoworkdifferently—alking aroundwithascreenstrappedtoyourarmorcarryingwithyouextrabitsand pieces.Thepenislightandworkslikeanormalpenifyouneedittowhile thespecialnotepadslookandfeellikenotepads.Theonlystrangelookswillbe frompeoplewhoarecuriousaboutwhyyourarewritingwithacigar.? ?Theiopersonaldigitalpenalsohaspotentialelsewhere.Fedexfor exampleisintroducingaversionofthepensothatcustomerscanfillout formsbyhand—insteadofpunchingletterintocumbersomedevices.Oncethat dataisdigitalmoreorlessanythingcanbedonewithit—transferringit wirelesslytoacentralcomputerforexampleorviaahand-phone.Doctors couldtransmittheirprescriptionsdirecttopharmaciesreducingfraud; policemencouldsendtheirreportsbacktothestationreducingpaper work.Paragraph6______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务11～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项分别完成每个句子请将答案写在相应的横线上 ??????? ??????????{{B}}The MagicIoPersonalDigitalPen{{/B}}??Checkoutthepersonaldigital penbyLogitech:It’samagicpenthatcanstoreeverythingyouwriteand transferittoyourcomputer.Andyoudon’thavetolugahand-helddevicealong withyouforittowork.??Logitech’stechnologyworkslikethis: thepenwritesnormallyusingnormalballpointpenink.Butwhileyouare writingatinycamerainsidethepenisalsotaking100snapshotspersecondof whatyouaredoingmappingyourwritingviaapatchworkofminutedotsprinted onthepaper.Allthisinformation—themovementofyourpenonthepaper basically—sthenstoreddigitallyinsidethepenwhetheryouarewritingnotes ordrawingcomplexdiagrams.Youcanstoreupto40pagesworthofdoodlesin thepen’smemory.Asfaryouareconcernedyouarejustusinganormal pen.??ItisonlywhenyoudropthepenintoitsPC-connected cradle支架thatthefunbegins.SpecialsoftwareonyourPCwillfigureoutwhat youhavedoneandbegintodownloadanydocumentsyouhavewrittensincethe lasttimeitwasthere.Dependingonwhetheryouhaveticked打上记号rtainboxes onthespecialnotepad记事本tcanalsotellwhetherthedocumentisdestinedto beane-mailatodotaskoradiagramtobeinsertedintoaword-processing document.Oncethedocumentsaredownloadedyoucanviewthemprintthemoutor convertthemtootherformals.??Theiopersonaldigitalpenisa neatandsimplysolutiontotheproblemofstoringsharingandretrieving handwrittennotesaswellasforhandlingdiagramspicturesandothernon-text doodling.Youdon’thavetocarryalaptopalongwithyou.Allyouhavetodois justwhipoutthepenandthespecialpaperandyouareoff.??It isagreatproductbecauseitdoesnotforceyoutoworkdifferently—alking aroundwithascreenstrappedtoyourarmorcarryingwithyouextrabitsand pieces.Thepenislightandworkslikeanormalpenifyouneedittowhile thespecialnotepadslookandfeellikenotepads.Theonlystrangelookswillbe frompeoplewhoarecuriousaboutwhyyourarewritingwithacigar.? ?Theiopersonaldigitalpenalsohaspotentialelsewhere.Fedexfor exampleisintroducingaversionofthepensothatcustomerscanfillout formsbyhand—insteadofpunchingletterintocumbersomedevices.Oncethat dataisdigitalmoreorlessanythingcanbedonewithit—transferringit wirelesslytoacentralcomputerforexampleorviaahand-phone.Doctors couldtransmittheirprescriptionsdirecttopharmaciesreducingfraud; policemencouldsendtheirreportsbacktothestationreducingpaper work.Nomatterwhatyouwriteordraw______.
Hisplanshouldsucceedforitseemsquitefeasible.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ?????? ?{{B}}CanBuildingsBeDesignedtoResistTerroristAttack?{{/B}}? ?IntheaftermathoftheterroristattackontheWorldTradeCenter structuralengineersaretryinghardtosolveaquestionthatamonthagowould havebeencompletelyunthinkable:Canbuildingbedesignedtowithstand catastrophicblastsinflictedbyterrorists???Tendaysafterthe terroristattacksonthetwintowersstructuralengineersfromtheUniversity atBuffaloandtheMultidisciplinaryCenterforEarthquakeEngineeringResearch MCEERheadquarteredatUBtraveledtogroundzeroaspartofaprojectfunded byfileNationalScienceFoundationvisitingthesiteaspartofanMCEER reconnaissancevisit.Theyspenttwodaysbeginningthetaskofformulating ideasabouthowtodesignsuchstructuresandtosearchforcluesonhowtodo soinbuildingsthatweredamagedbutstillarestanding.??Our objectiveinvisitinggroundzerowastogoandlookatthebuildings surroundingtheWorldTradeCenterthosebuildingsthatarestillstandingbut thatsustaineddamagesaidM.Bruneau.Ph.D.Ourimmediatehopeisthatwe candevelopabetterunderstandingastowhythosebuildingsremainstanding. Whileourlong-termgoalistoseewhetherearthquakeengineeringtechnologies canbemarriedtoexistingtechnologiestoachieveenhancedperformanceof buildingsintheeventofterroristattacksheadded.? ?Photographstakenbytheinvestigatorsdemonstrateinstartlingdetailthe monumentaldamageinflictedontheWorldTradeCentertowersandbuildingsin thevicinity.Onebuildingablockawayfromtherowersremainsstandihgbut wasbadlydamaged.ThisbuildingismanymetersawayfromtheWorldTrade Centerandyetweseeacolumntherethatusedtobepartofthatbuilding. explainedA.Whittaker.Ph.D.Thecolumnbecameamissilethatshotacrossthe road.throughthewindowandthroughthefloor.??Thevisitto theareaalsorevealedsomesurprisesaccordingtotheengineers.Forexample thefloorflamingsysteminoneoftheadjacentbuildingswasquiterugged allowingfloorsthatwerepiercedbytonsoffairingdebristoremainintact. Highlyredundantductileframingsystemsmayprovideasimplebutrobust strategyforblastresistanceheadded.Otherstrategiesmayincludeproviding alternatepathsforgravityloadsintheeventthataload-bearingcolumnfails. Wealsoneedabetterunderstandingofthemechanismofcollapse.saidA. Whitaker.Weneedtofindoutwhatcausesabuildingtocollapseandhowyou canpredictit.??A.ReinhornPh.D.notedthatearthquake shakinghasledtothecollapseofmanybuildingsinthepast.Itinduces dynamicresponseandextremelyhighstressesanddeformationsinstructural components.Solutionsdevelopedforearthquakeresistantdesignmaybedirectly applicabletoblastengineeringandterrorist.PartofourmissionnowatUBis totransferthesesolutionsandtodevelopnewoneswherenoneexistat present.??aftermathn.后果结果??inthevicinity 附近??debrisn.碎片??reconnaissancen. 勘察侦察??ductileadj.可伸展的易变形的WhatDr.ReinhomsaidinthelastparagraphmayimplyallthefollowingEXCEPTthat
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息清选择A项如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B项如果该句的信息文章中没有提及请选择C项 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}FoodandCancer{{/B}}? ?MedicalExpertshavesuspectedformanyyearsthatthereisastronglink betweenwhatapersoneatsandcancer.Theysayanewstudyprovidesthefirst evidencethatvitaminscouldreduceaperson’schanceofdevelopingcancer.A teamofChineseandAmericanscientistsdidthestudy.TheyarefromAmerican NationalCancerInstituteandtheCancerInstituteoftheChineseAcademyof MedicalsciencesinBeijing.TheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstitute publishedtheresultsofthestudy.Aboutthirtythousandpeoplebetweenthe agesof40to69tookpartinthestudy.Theywereformthenortherncentral ChineseareaofLinxian.Mostofthemtookvitaminsandmineralseverydayfor fiveyears.??Linxianwaschosenbecausethepeopletherehavean extremelyhighrateofcancerofstomachandesophagus.Researchersbelievethat fungusandmoldsinlocalfoodsmaybepartlyresponsibleforthehighcancer rate.Researchersdividedthoseintoeightgroups.Sevenofthegroupsreceived differentmixturesofvitaminsandmineralsdaily.Theamountsofthevitamins andmineralswere1to2timesgreaterthanwhatAmericanhealthofficialssay isneeded.Theeighthgroupreceivedsugarpillsthathadnoeffect.Thosewho seemedtofainthemostreceivedamixtureofaformofvitaminAcalled B-carotenevitaminEandthemineralselenium.Thevitaminandmineralare believedtopreventdamagetocellscausedbycancer-causingsubstances. Researchersreporteda13percentdropincancerratesinthosewhotook B-carotenevitaminEandselenium.Theyalsofounda10percentdropinthe numberofdeathscausedbystrokesfromburstingbloodvessels.? ?Scientistswarnthatitistoosoontoknowiftheeffectwouldbethe sameamongpeopleinothercountries.TheynotethatthepeopleinLinxianeat foodsthatlacknecessaryvitaminsandminerals.Chineseofficialswillcontinue torecordthehealthrecordsofthepeopleinLinxianformanyyears.Fornow officialsreportedlyareconsideringusingtheresultsofthestudy.Theywant tofindawaytoimprovedthehealthofpeopleinLinxianandothersmalltowns inChina.Thestudylastedforaboutfiveyears.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ?????? ?{{B}}CanBuildingsBeDesignedtoResistTerroristAttack?{{/B}}? ?IntheaftermathoftheterroristattackontheWorldTradeCenter structuralengineersaretryinghardtosolveaquestionthatamonthagowould havebeencompletelyunthinkable:Canbuildingbedesignedtowithstand catastrophicblastsinflictedbyterrorists???Tendaysafterthe terroristattacksonthetwintowersstructuralengineersfromtheUniversity atBuffaloandtheMultidisciplinaryCenterforEarthquakeEngineeringResearch MCEERheadquarteredatUBtraveledtogroundzeroaspartofaprojectfunded byfileNationalScienceFoundationvisitingthesiteaspartofanMCEER reconnaissancevisit.Theyspenttwodaysbeginningthetaskofformulating ideasabouthowtodesignsuchstructuresandtosearchforcluesonhowtodo soinbuildingsthatweredamagedbutstillarestanding.??Our objectiveinvisitinggroundzerowastogoandlookatthebuildings surroundingtheWorldTradeCenterthosebuildingsthatarestillstandingbut thatsustaineddamagesaidM.Bruneau.Ph.D.Ourimmediatehopeisthatwe candevelopabetterunderstandingastowhythosebuildingsremainstanding. Whileourlong-termgoalistoseewhetherearthquakeengineeringtechnologies canbemarriedtoexistingtechnologiestoachieveenhancedperformanceof buildingsintheeventofterroristattacksheadded.? ?Photographstakenbytheinvestigatorsdemonstrateinstartlingdetailthe monumentaldamageinflictedontheWorldTradeCentertowersandbuildingsin thevicinity.Onebuildingablockawayfromtherowersremainsstandihgbut wasbadlydamaged.ThisbuildingismanymetersawayfromtheWorldTrade Centerandyetweseeacolumntherethatusedtobepartofthatbuilding. explainedA.Whittaker.Ph.D.Thecolumnbecameamissilethatshotacrossthe road.throughthewindowandthroughthefloor.??Thevisitto theareaalsorevealedsomesurprisesaccordingtotheengineers.Forexample thefloorflamingsysteminoneoftheadjacentbuildingswasquiterugged allowingfloorsthatwerepiercedbytonsoffairingdebristoremainintact. Highlyredundantductileframingsystemsmayprovideasimplebutrobust strategyforblastresistanceheadded.Otherstrategiesmayincludeproviding alternatepathsforgravityloadsintheeventthataload-bearingcolumnfails. Wealsoneedabetterunderstandingofthemechanismofcollapse.saidA. Whitaker.Weneedtofindoutwhatcausesabuildingtocollapseandhowyou canpredictit.??A.ReinhornPh.D.notedthatearthquake shakinghasledtothecollapseofmanybuildingsinthepast.Itinduces dynamicresponseandextremelyhighstressesanddeformationsinstructural components.Solutionsdevelopedforearthquakeresistantdesignmaybedirectly applicabletoblastengineeringandterrorist.PartofourmissionnowatUBis totransferthesesolutionsandtodevelopnewoneswherenoneexistat present.??aftermathn.后果结果??inthevicinity 附近??debrisn.碎片??reconnaissancen. 勘察侦察??ductileadj.可伸展的易变形的ThecolumnmentionedbyDr.Whittaker______.
Hecomprehendsthetheoryofrelativity.
Biotechnology Biotechnologyinoneformoranotherhasflourishedsinceprehistorictimes.Whenthefirsthumanbeingsrealizedthattheycouldplanttheirowncropsandbreedtheirownanimalstheylearnedtousebiotechnology.Thediscoverythatfruitjuicesfermented发酵inwineorthatmilkcouldbeconvertedintocheeseoryogurt酸乳酶orthatbeercouldbemadebyfermentingsolutionsofmalt麦芽andhops啤酒花beganthestudyofbiotechnology.Whenthefirstbakersfoundthattheycouldmakeasoftspongy多乳的breadratherthanafirmthincrackertheywe’’reactingasfledgling缺乏经验的biotechnologists.Thefirstanimalbreedersrealizingthatdifferentphysicaltraitscouldbeeithermagnifiedorlostbymatingappropriatepairsofanimalsengagedinthemanipulationsofbiotechnology. Whatthenisbiotechnology?Thetermbringstominddifferentthings.Somethinkofdevelopingnewtypesofanimals.Othersdreamofalmostunlimitedsourcesofhumantherapeutic治疗的drugs.Stillothersenvision想象thepossibilityofgrowingcropsthataremorenutritious有养分的andnaturallypest-resistant有抵抗力的tofeedarapidlygrowingworldpopulation.Thisquestionelicits引发almostasmanyfirst-thoughtresponsesastherearepeopletowhomthequestioncanbeposed.Initspurestformthetermbiotechnologyreferstotheuseoflivingorganismsortheirproductstomodifyhumanhealthandthehumanenvironment.Prehistoricbiotechnologistsdidthisastheyusedyeastcellstoraisebreaddough生面团andtofermentalcoholicbeveragesandbacterialcellstomakecheesesandyogurtsandastheybredtheirstrongproductiveanimalstomakeevenstrongerandmoreproductiveoffspring.Throughouthumanhistorywehavelearnedagreatdealaboutthedifferentorganismsthatourancestorsusedsoeffectively.Themarkedincreaseinourunderstandingoftheseorganismsandtheircellproductsgainsustheabilitytocontrolthemanyfunctionsofvariouscellsandorganisms.Usingthetechniquesofgenesplicing叠接andrecombineDNAtechnologywecannowactuallycombinethegeneticelementsoftwoormorelivingcells.FunctioninglengthsofDNAcanbetakenfromoneorganismandplacedintothecellsofanotherorganism.Asaresultforexamplewecancausebacterialcellstoproducehumanmoleculescowscanproducemoremilkorthesameamountoffeedandwecansynthesizetherapeuticmoleculesthathaveneverbeforeexisted. Thehumanbeingsbegantousebiotechnology______.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ?{{B}}MaleandFemalePilotsCauseAccidentsDifferently{{/B}}? ?MalepilotsflyinggeneralaviationprivateaircraftintheUnited Statesaremorelikelytocrashduetoinattentionorflaweddecision-making. Whilefemalepilotsaremorelikelytocrashfrommishandlingtheaircraft. ThesearetheresultsofastudybyresearchersattheJohnsHopkinsUniversity BloombergSchoolofPublicHealth.??Thestudyidentifiesthe differencesbetweenmaleandfemalepilotsintermsofcircumstancesofthe crashandthetypeofpilotserrorinvolved.Crashesofgeneralaviation aircraftaccountfor85percentofallaviationdeathsintheUnitedStates.The crashrateformalepilotsasformotorvehicledriversexceedsthatof crashesoffemalepilotsexplainsSusanP.BakerMPHprofessorofhealth policyandmanagementattheBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth.Becausepilot youthandinexperienceareestablishedcontributorstoaviationcrasheswe focusedononlymaturepilotstodeterminethegenderdifferencesinthe reasonsforthecrash.??Theresearchersextracteddataforthis studyfromalargeresearchprojectonpilotagingandflightsafety.Thedata weregatheredfromgeneralaviationcrashesofairplanesandheIicoptersbetween 1983and1997involving144femalepilotsand267malepilotsaged40-63. Femalepilotswerematchedwithmalepilotsina1:2ratiobyageclassesof medicalandpilotcertificatesstateorareaofcrashandyearofcrash.Then thecircumstancesofthecrashesandthepiloterrorinvolvedwerecategorized andcodedwithoutknowledgeofpilotgender.??Theresearchers foundthatlossofcontrolonlandingortakeoffwasthemostcommon circumstanceforbothsexesleadingto59percentoffemalepi.lots’crashes and36percentofmales’.Experiencingmechanicalfailurerunningoutoffuel andland!ngtheplanewiththelandinggearupwereamongthefactorsmore likelywithmaleswhilestallingwasmorelikelywithfemales.? ?Themajorityofthecrashes—95percentforfemalesand88percentfor males—involvedatleastonetypeofpiloterror.Mishandlingaircraftkinetics wasthemostcommonerrorforbothsexesbutwasmorecommonamongfemales accountingfor81percentofthecrashesthanmalesaccountingfor48 percent.Maleshoweverappearedmorelikelytobeguiltyofpoor decision-makingrisk-takingandinattentivenessexamplesofwhichinclude misjudgingweatherandvisibilityorflyinganaircraftwithaknowndefect. Femalesthoughmorelikelytomishandleorlosecontroloftheaircraftwere generallymorecarefulthantheirmalecounterparts.?? inattentionn.疏忽??aviationn.航空??flawedadj. 有缺陷的??mishandlev.瞎弄乱处理??MPHMasterofPublic Health公共卫生硕士??mnoutv.耗尽用完??stalllv.飞机失速 发动机熄火??kineticsn.动力学Whatisthemostcommoncircumstanceofcrashwithfemalepilots?
TheAttitudeForComputers AsDr.SamuelJohnsonsaidinadifferenteraaboutladiespreachingthesurprisingthingaboutcomputersisnotthattheythinklesswellthanamanbutthattheythinkatall.Theearlyelectroniccomputerdidnothavemuchgoingforitexceptamarvelousmemoryandsomegoodmathskills.Buttodaythebestmodelscanbewireduptolearnbyexperiencefollowanargumentaskproperquestionsandwritepoetryandmusic.Theycanalsocarryonsomewhatpuzzlingconversations. Computersimitatelife.Ascomputersgetmorecompletetheimitationgetsbetter.Finallythelinebetweentheoriginalandthecopybecomesunclear.Inanother15yearsorsowewillseethecomputerasanewformoflife. Theopinionseemsridiculousbecauseforonethingcomputerslackthedrivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures.Butdrivescanbeprogrammedintothecomputer’’sbrainjustasnatureprogrammedthemintoourhumanbrainsasapartoftheequipmentforsurvival. Computersmatchpeopleinsomerolesandwhenfastdecisionsareneededinacrisistheyoftensurpassthem.Havingevolvedwhenthepaceoflifewasslowerthehumanbrainhasaninherentdefectthatpreventsitfromabsorbingseveralstreamsofinformationsimultaneouslyandactingonthemquickly.Throwtoomanythingsatthebrainatonetimeanditfreezesup. Wearestillincontrolbutthecapabilitiesofcomputersareincreasingatafantasticratewhilerawhumanintelligenceischangingslowlyifatall.Computerpowerhasincreasedtentimeseveryeightyearssince1946.Inthe1990swhenthesixthgenerationappearsthereasoningpowerofanintelligencebuiltoutofsiliconwillbegintomatchthatofthehumanbrain. Thatdoesnotmeantheevolutionofintelligencehasendedontheearth.Judgingbythepastwecanexpectthatanewspecieswillariseoutofmansurpassinghisachievementsashehassurpassedthoseofhispredecessor.Onlyacarbonchemistryenthusiastwouldassumethatthespeciesmustbeman’’sflesh-and-blooddescendants.Thenewkindofintelligentlifeismorelikelytobemadeofsilicon. Whenhethinkshighlyofthedevelopmentofcomputersciencetheauthordoesn’tmeanthathumanbeingshavelostcontrolofcomputers.
Peterwasanenergeticandathleticyouth.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ?????? ?{{B}}CanBuildingsBeDesignedtoResistTerroristAttack?{{/B}}? ?IntheaftermathoftheterroristattackontheWorldTradeCenter structuralengineersaretryinghardtosolveaquestionthatamonthagowould havebeencompletelyunthinkable:Canbuildingbedesignedtowithstand catastrophicblastsinflictedbyterrorists???Tendaysafterthe terroristattacksonthetwintowersstructuralengineersfromtheUniversity atBuffaloandtheMultidisciplinaryCenterforEarthquakeEngineeringResearch MCEERheadquarteredatUBtraveledtogroundzeroaspartofaprojectfunded byfileNationalScienceFoundationvisitingthesiteaspartofanMCEER reconnaissancevisit.Theyspenttwodaysbeginningthetaskofformulating ideasabouthowtodesignsuchstructuresandtosearchforcluesonhowtodo soinbuildingsthatweredamagedbutstillarestanding.??Our objectiveinvisitinggroundzerowastogoandlookatthebuildings surroundingtheWorldTradeCenterthosebuildingsthatarestillstandingbut thatsustaineddamagesaidM.Bruneau.Ph.D.Ourimmediatehopeisthatwe candevelopabetterunderstandingastowhythosebuildingsremainstanding. Whileourlong-termgoalistoseewhetherearthquakeengineeringtechnologies canbemarriedtoexistingtechnologiestoachieveenhancedperformanceof buildingsintheeventofterroristattacksheadded.? ?Photographstakenbytheinvestigatorsdemonstrateinstartlingdetailthe monumentaldamageinflictedontheWorldTradeCentertowersandbuildingsin thevicinity.Onebuildingablockawayfromtherowersremainsstandihgbut wasbadlydamaged.ThisbuildingismanymetersawayfromtheWorldTrade Centerandyetweseeacolumntherethatusedtobepartofthatbuilding. explainedA.Whittaker.Ph.D.Thecolumnbecameamissilethatshotacrossthe road.throughthewindowandthroughthefloor.??Thevisitto theareaalsorevealedsomesurprisesaccordingtotheengineers.Forexample thefloorflamingsysteminoneoftheadjacentbuildingswasquiterugged allowingfloorsthatwerepiercedbytonsoffairingdebristoremainintact. Highlyredundantductileframingsystemsmayprovideasimplebutrobust strategyforblastresistanceheadded.Otherstrategiesmayincludeproviding alternatepathsforgravityloadsintheeventthataload-bearingcolumnfails. Wealsoneedabetterunderstandingofthemechanismofcollapse.saidA. Whitaker.Weneedtofindoutwhatcausesabuildingtocollapseandhowyou canpredictit.??A.ReinhornPh.D.notedthatearthquake shakinghasledtothecollapseofmanybuildingsinthepast.Itinduces dynamicresponseandextremelyhighstressesanddeformationsinstructural components.Solutionsdevelopedforearthquakeresistantdesignmaybedirectly applicabletoblastengineeringandterrorist.PartofourmissionnowatUBis totransferthesesolutionsandtodevelopnewoneswherenoneexistat present.??aftermathn.后果结果??inthevicinity 附近??debrisn.碎片??reconnaissancen. 勘察侦察??ductileadj.可伸展的易变形的Thequestionraisedinthefirstparagraphisone______.
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