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June 26, 2000 — the Human Genome(基因组) Project, a great $3 billion, 15-year task aimed at drawing the...
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Itis24thandisJune26th.
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the day before yesterday
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--What'sthedatetoday?--___________
It's a fine day
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It's on Christmas Day
It's June 26tb
June262000—theHumanGenome基因组Projectagreat$3billion
--What'sthedatetoday?--___________
It's a fine day
It's Friday
It's on Christmas Day
It's June 26tb
67.--What'sthedatetoday?--___________
It's a fine day
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It's on Christmas Day
It's June 26tb
June262000—theHumanGenome基因组Projectagreat$3billion
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June262000―theHumanGenome基因组Projectagreat$3billion
June262000—theHumanGenomeProjectagreat$3billion15
June262000—theHumanGenome基因组Projectagreat$3billion
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June262000—theHumanGenome基因组Projectagreat$3billion
June262000—theHumanGenome基因组Projectagreat$3billion
June262000―theHumanGenome基因组Projectagreat$3billion
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A.newstudysaysonepartofthehumanbrainmaybecomesmallerastheresultofaconditionknownasjetlag.JetlagresultsfromflyinglongdistancesinanairplanE.Peoplewithjetlagmayfeelextremelytiredforseveraldays.Theymayalsohaveproblemsthinkingclearlyandremembering.RecentlyaresearcherattheUniversityofBristolinBritainreportedthefindingsofhisjetlagstudywhichinvolvedtwentyyoungwomenwhoworkedforinternationalairlines.Theyhadservedpassengersonairplanesforfiveyears.Theseflightattendantsflewacrossmanycountriesandatleastseventimezones.Inthestudytheflightattendantshaddifferentamountsoftimetorecoverfromjetlag.Halfthewomenspentfivedaysorfewerintheirhomeareasbetweenlongflights.Theotherhalfspentmorethanfourteendaysintheirhomeareas.Theresearchertooksomesalivafromthewomen'smouthstomeasurelevelsofahormone荷尔蒙thatincreasesduringstress.Hetestedthemtoseeiftheycouldrememberwhereblackspotsappearedonacomputerscreen.Andhetookpicturesoftheirbrainstomeasurethesizeofthebrain'stemporallobes脑叶.Itwasfoundthatthewomenwhohadlesstimebetweenflightshadsmallerrighttemporallobes.Thisareaofthebraindealswithrecognizingandrememberingwhatisseen.Thesamegroupperformedworseandhadslowerreactiontimesonthevisualmemorytest.Andtheirsalivasamplesshowedhigherlevelsofstresshormones.Theresearcherbelievesthebrainneedsatleasttendaystorecoverafteralongtrip.Hesaysairlineworkerstoldhimtheirabilitytoremembergotworseafterworkingonplanesforaboutfouryears.Otherstudieshaveshownthatincreasedfeelingsofstresscancausealossofcellsinthepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmemory.Scientistssaymoretestsareneededtostudytheeffectsofjetlagonthebrain.Theywanttofindoutiftoomuchjetlagcouldpermanentlyaffectmemory.Accordingtothetextjetlag_______.A.cancausedifficultiesinspeakingB.canmakepeoplefeeltiredforafewweeksC.canbeonlyfoundinflightattendantsD.canbecausedbyflyingoverseveraltimezonesItcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_______.A.theconclusionisrefusedbymanyscientistsB.scientistsfearthatthisresearchisnotdoneproperlyC.everyscientificconclusionneedsthesupportfrommanytestsD.thewomenwhowereexaminedintheresearchwerenothealthyFromtheresultoftheresearchwecanseethat_______.A.thewomenwhohavelongerrestathomeshowbettermemoryB.thewomenwhoflyinshorttimehavesmallerrighttemporallobesC.thewomenwhohavelongerflightsfailthememorytestD.thewomenwhorestmorethan14daysproducelesshormonesWhatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?A.Thecauseofjetlag.B.A.storyofagroupofflightattendants.C.Theimportanceofhavingenoughrestafterflights.D.A.researchabouttheeffectsofjetlagonthebrain.
Peoplebelievethatclimbingcandogoodtohealth.Wherecanyoulearntheskillofclimbingthen?Ifyouthinkthatyouhavetogotothemountainstolearnhowtoclimbyou’rewrong.ManyAmericansarelearningtoclimbincitygyms体育馆.Herepeoplearelearningonclimbing.Theclimbingwallgoesstraightupandsmallholdingplacesforhandsandfeet.Howdopeopleclimbthewall?Toclimbyouneedspecialshoesand保护带aroundyourchesttoholdyou.Thereareropes绳索tiedtoyour.Theropesholdyouinplacesothatyoudon’tfall.A.beginner’swallisusuallyabout15feethighandyouclimbstraightup.Therearesmallpiecesofmetalthatstickoutforyoutostandonandholdonto.Sometimesit’seasytoseethenewpieceofmetal.Sometimesit’snot.Themostdifficultisyourfear.It’snormalforhumanstobeafraidoffallingsoit’sdifficultnottofeelfear.ButwhenyoumoveawayfromthewallandtheropesholdyouandyoubegintofeelsafE.Youmoveslowlyuntilyoureachthetop.Climbingattractspeoplebecauseit’sgoodexerciseforalmosteveryonE.Youuseyourwholebodyespeciallyyourarmsandlegs.Thissportgivesyourbodyacompleteworkout.Whenyouclimbbothyourmindandyourbodycanbecomestronger.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Peoplearefairlyinterestedinclimbingnowadays.B.Itisimpossibletobuildupone’sbodybyclimbing.C.Peoplecanonlylearntheskillofclimbingoutdoors.D.Itisalwayseasytoseeholdingplacesinclimbing.Themostdifficultthingtodoinwallclimbingis_______.A.totieropestoyourB.tocontrolyourfearC.tomoveawayfromthewallD.toclimbstraightupThewordworkoutunderlinedinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans_________.A.settlementB.exerciseC.excitementD.tirednessWhydoestheauthorwritethispassage?A.Totellpeoplewheretofindgyms.B.ToprovethebasicneedforclimbingC.Toencouragepeopletoclimbmountains.D.introducethesportofwallclimbing
Zinc锌isoneofabout20elementsnecessaryforgoodhealth.Itispresentinthebodyinaverysmallamountbutitmakesitpossibleforimportantchemicalactionstobecarriedoutincells.Scientistsarejustbeginningtodiscoverhowzincandotherelementswork.Researchersfirststudiedzincasawaytospeedrecovery.Dr.WaltorPowysformerlywiththeUnitedStatesAirForcenotedthatthelaboratoryanimalsrecoveredfasterwhensomematterswereaddedtotheirfooD.OneofthesematterswaszinC.Dr.PowyslatertestedthezinctreatmentonanAmericanairmanrecoveringfrommedicaloperations.Theairmanwhoreceivedzincsulphate硫酸盐recoveredinhalfoftheusualtimE.Otherdoctorsstudiedpersonswhohadanumberofstrangedisorders.Thedoctorslearnedthatalloftheseproblemswerecausedbylackofzincinthebody.TheytreatedthesedisorderssuccessfullybygivingthepatientszincsulphatE.Theamountofzincinthebodycanbefoundbyexaminingbloodandhair.A.lackofthisimportantelementisnotuncommonamongpeopleinbothindustrialanddevelopingcountries.Zincisfoundinmosthighproteinfoodssuchasmeatmilkfishandeggs.Itisalsofoundinwholegrains.Butmanypeopledonoteatenoughofthesefoods.Foodmarketsshouldaddtheseelementssothatmorepeoplecouldgetneededamountofthesenecessarymatters.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Scientistsfoundhowzincworksalongtimeago.B.Peopleneedalargeamountofzinctobehealthy.C.Zincallowsimportantchemicalactionstotakeplaceincells.D.Zincmustbeusedinthecourseofmedicaloperation.Oneoftheresultsfromthestudyofzincisthat_________.A.there'sonlyalittlezincinthehumanbodyB.foodrichinproteincontainsmorezincC.somephysicalproblemsarecausedbylackofzincD.anypatientwhoreceiveszincsulphategetswellimmediatelyThebesttitleforthepassagemaybe________.A.A.NewDiscoveryB.ZincandHealthC.HowZincWorksD.AddZinctoYourFood
第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2题满分40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项ABC和D中选出最佳选项WhosaysAmericansworshipthealmightydollar?It’snottruE.HavingenoughfreetimeismoreimportanttomostAmericansthanbeingrichaccordingtoanewpoll.Only13percentofmorethan2400peoplequestionedinthetelephonepollrankedbeingwealthyasmostimportanttothemwhile67percentrankedfreetimeastheirtoppriorityhigherthanhavingasuccessfulcareergettingmarriedandhavingchildren.Everyonewantsfreetimetodothethingstheywanttodoyoungmiddle-agedoroldsaidRichardMorinofthePewSocial&DemographicTrendsProjectwhichconductedthesurvey.Soourdesiretoplayunitesus.Thepollalsoshowedthatpeoplewhowereuniversityeducatedvaluedcareersuccessoverwealthasmiddle-agedpeoplediD.Notsurprisinglythosewhodidn'thavemoneyrankedwealthveryhighly.ThisincludedminoritiesfirstgenerationAmericansandlesseducatedpeoplE.Thesurveyalsorevealedthatadisproportionate不成比例的numberofpeopleundertheageof30andretireesinthegroupmade$20000orlessayear.Buttheemphasisonwealthlessenswithagewithyoungerpeopleputtingvalueonitbuthardlyanyseniors.ItjustdiminisheswithtimeastherealitysetsinthatyouwouldneverberichMorinsaiD.Butalsotherealitysetsinthatyoudon'thavetoberichtoleadaverycomfortableandfulfillinglifE.Whilewealthwasnotatthetopofpeople'slistofpriorities43percentstillsaiditwassomewhatimportant.56.ThepollshowedthatthemajorityofAmericanpeopleranked____asthemostimportant.A.wealthB.asuccessfulcareerC.marriageD.freetime57.Whocaresleastforwealthaccordingtothepassage?A.YoungpeoplE.B.Middle-agedpeoplE.C.OldpeoplE.D.Well-educatedpeoplE.58.Theunderlinedworddiminishesinthethirdparagraphprobablymeans____.A.toincreaseB.todecreaseC.tochangeD.tostay
Intheearlydaysofseatravelseamenonlongvoyageslivedexclusivelyonsaltedmeatandbiscuits.Manyofthemdiedofscurvy坏血病adiseaseofthebloodwhichcausesswollengumslividwhitespotsonthefleshandgeneralexhaustion.Ononeoccasionin1535anEnglishshiparrivedinNewfoundlandwithitscrewdesperatelyill.Themen??slivesweresavedbyIroquoisIndianswhogavethemvegetableleavestoeat.Graduallyitcametoberealizedthatscurvywascausedbysomelackinthesailors??dietandCaptainCookonhislongvoyagesofdiscoverytoAustraliaandNewZealandestablishedthefactthatscurvycouldbewardedoffbytheprovisionoffreshfruitforthesailors.Nowadaysitisunderstoodthatadietwhichcontainsnothingharmfulmayyetresultinseriousdiseaseifcertainimportantelementsaremissing.Theseelementsarecalledvitamins.QuiteanumberofsuchsubstancesareknownandtheyaregivenletterstoidentifythemABCDandsoon.Differentdiseasesareassociatedwithdeficienciesofparticularvitamins.EvenaslightlackofVitaminCforexamplethevitaminmostplentifulinfreshfruitandvegetablesisthoughttoincreasesignificantlyoursusceptibility敏感度tocoldsandinfluenzA.Thevitaminsnecessaryforahealthybodyarenormallysuppliedbyagoodmixeddietincludingavarietyoffruitandgreenvegetables.Itisonlywhenpeopletrytoliveonaveryrestricteddietsayduringextendedperiodsofreligiousfasting斋戒orwhentryingtoloseweightthatitisnecessarytomakespecialprovisiontosupplythemissingvitamins.51.Scurvyisadiseasethatisprovokedby____A.saltedmeatandbiscuitsB.exhaustionC.wantofsomeessentialsubstancesD.lackoffreshvegetablesandfruits52.InthelastsentenceofParagraph1wardedoffcouldprobablybereplacedby____.A.gotridofB.killedC.avoidedD.clearedaway53.Toavoidsuchdiseaseasscurvyit??sbetterforus____.A.nottoeatmuchsaltedmeatB.tosupplementourdietwithvariousvitaminpillsC.tohavemorefreshfruitandvegetablesD.todevelopagooddietaryhabit54.Basedonthepassagewecansafelyconcludethatifourdietisnotcomprehensiveenough____.A.vitaminpillsareofnoavailB.nutritiousfoodmightbeunhealthyC.vegetableleavescanbeagoodremedyD.religiousfastingmayhelpoutalot55.Whichofthefollowingsentencesbestexpressesthecentralidealofthepassage?A.DeficienciesofVitaminC.maycauseseriousdiseases.B.Freshfruitandgreenvegetablescontainenoughnutritionthatisnecessaryforahealthybody.C.Vitaminsplayavitallyimportantroleinpeople??shealth.D.A.goodmixeddietnormallysuppliessufficientvitaminsforus.
Thecommoncoldistheworld’smostwidespreadillnesswhichisplagues疫病thatfleshreceives.Themostwidespreadfallacy谬误ofallisthatcoldscausedbycolD.Theyarenot.Theyarecausedbyviruses病毒passingonfrompersontoperson.YoucatchacoldbycomingintocontactdirectlyorindirectlywithsomeonewhoalreadyhasonE.IfcoldcausescoldsitwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfromthemforever.Buttheydonot.Andinisolatedarcticregionsexplorershavereportedbeingfreefromcoldsuntilcomingintocontactagainwithinfectedpeoplefromtheoutsideworldbywayofpackagesandmaildroppedfromairplanes.DuringtheFirstWorldWarsoldierswhospentlongperiodsinthetrenches战壕coldandwetshowednoincreasedtendencytocatchcolds.IntheSecondWorldWarprisonersatthenotoriousAuschwitzconcentrationcamp奥斯维辛集中营nakedandstarvingwereastonishedtofindthattheyseldomhadcolds.AttheCommonColdResearchUnitinEnglandvolunteerstookpartinExperimentsinwhichtheygavethemselvestothediscomfortsofbeingcoldandwetforlongstretchesoftimE.Aftertakinghotbathstheyputonbathingsuitsallowedthemselvestobewithcoldwaterandthenstoodaboutdrippingwetindraftyroom.Someworewetsocksalldaywhileothersexercisedintherainuntilclosetoexhaustion.NotoneofthevolunteerscamedownwithacoldunlessacoldviruswasactuallydroppedinhisnosE.IfthencoldandwethavenothingtodowithcatchingcoldswhyaretheymorefrequentinthewinterDespitethemostpains-takingresearchnoonehasyetfoundtheanswer.Oneexplanationofferedbyscientistsisthatpeopletendtostaytogetherindoorsmoreincoldweatherthanatothertimesandthismakesiteasierforcoldvirusestobepassedon.NoonehasyetfoundacureforthecolD.Therearedrugsandpainsuppressors止痛片suchasaspirinbutalltheydoisrelievethesymptoms症状.51.Thewriteroffered_______examplestosupporthisargument.A.4B.5C.6D.352.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotagreewiththechosenpassage?A.TheEskimosdonotsufferfromcoldsallthetimE.B.ColdsarenotcausedbycolD.C.Peoplesufferfromcoldsjustbecausetheyliketostayindoors.D.A.personmaycatchacoldbytouchingsomeonewhoalreadyhasonE.53.Arcticexplorersmaycatchcoldswhen_______.A.theyareworkingintheisolatedarcticregionsB.theyarewritingreportsinterriblycoldweatherC.theyarefreefromworkintheisolatedarcticregionsD.theyarecomingintotouchagainwiththeoutsideworld54.VolunteerstakingpartintheexperimentsintheCommonColdResearchUnit_______.A.sufferedalotB.nevercaughtcoldsC.oftencaughtcoldsD.becameverystrong55.Thepassagemainlydiscusses_______.A.theexperimentsonthecommoncoldB.thefallacyaboutthecommoncoldC.thereasonandthewaypeoplecatchcoldsD.thecontinuedspreadofcommoncolds
YouhearthisNowonderyouarefat.Allyoueverd0iseat.YoufeelsaD.Iskipmybreakfastandsupper.Iruneverymorningandevening.WhatelsecanIdo?Basicallyyoucandonothing.Yourgenesnotyourlifehabitsdetermineyourweightandyourbodyconstantlytriestomaintainit.AlbertStunkardoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniafoundfromexperimentsthat80percentofthechildrenoftwofatparentsbecomefatascomparedwithnomorethan14.percentofthechildrenoftwoparentsofnormalweight.Howcanobesepeoplebecomethinnerthroughdieting?WelldietingcanbeeffectivE.butthehealthcostsaregreat.JulesHirscharesearchphysicianatRockefellerUniversitydidastudyofeightfatpeoplE.TheywerE.givenaliquidformula配方providing600caloriesaday.Aftermorethan10weeksthesubjectslostonaverage45kg.Butafterleavingthehospitaltheyallregainedtheweight.Theresultsweresurprisingbymetabolic新陈代谢的measurementfatpeoplewholostlargeamountsofweightseemedliketheywerestarving.Theyhadpsychiatricproblems.TheydreamedoffoodorofbreakingtheirdietTheywereanxiousanddepresseD.Somewantedtokillthemselves.Theyhidfoodintheirrooms.Researcherswarnthatitispossiblethatweightreductiondoesn’tresultinnormalweightbutinanabnormalstatelustlikethatofstarvednon.obesepeoplE.ThinpeoplehoweversufferfromtheoppositE.TheyhavetomakeagreatefforttogainweightEthanSimsoftheUniversityofVermontgotprisonerstovolunteertogainweight.Infourtosixmonths—theyateasmuchastheycoulD.Theysucceededinincreasingtheirweightby20to25percent.ButmonthsafterthestudyendedtheywerebacktonormalweightandstayedtherE.Thisdidnotmeanthatpeoplearecompletelywithouthopeincontrollingtheirweight.Itmeansthatthosewhotendtobefatwillhavetoconstantlybattletheirgeneticinheritance遗传iftheywanttosignificantly1owertheirweight.Thefindingsalsoprovideevidenceforsomethingscientiststhoughtwastrue—eachpersonhasacomfortableweightrangE.Therangemightbeasmuchas9kg.Someonemightweigh60--69kgwithouttoomucheffort.Butgoingaboveorbelowthenaturalweightrangeisdifficult.Thebodyresistsbyfeelinghungryorfullandchanging.themetabolismtopushtheweightbacktotherangeitseeks.56.ThestoryismainlywrittentoA.pointouttherelationsbetweenourbodyandmindB.warnusit’sextremelyharmfultoreduceorgainourweightC.tellusthatit’sdifficulttomakeasignificantchangeinourweightD.stressthatdieting1sarecommendedwaytohelpyoureachyourdesiredweight57.JulesHirsch’sstudy’foundthat.A.bigweightlosscouldleadtomentalproblemsB.aperson’sweightcanbedecidedbytheirparents’weightC.onlydietingcannotproduceadesiredresultinweightreductionD.bigeffortstoloseweightmayresultinaweightmuchheavierthanone’snormalweight58.FromthetextweknowthatthebodycanstillfeelcomfortableA.whentheweightgoesupordownby6kgB.whentheweightgoesupordownbyl0kgC.whentheweightisincreasedby20to25percentD.whentheweightisdecreasedby20to25percent59.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.WhenitcomestoweightnaturalnessisthehealthiestB.Weightreductioncouldbebothriskyandpainful.C.Seekprofessionaladvicewhenreducingyourweight.D.There’snohopeandnopointincontrollingyourweight.
Justfiveminutesofexerciseadayoutdoorscanimprovementalhealthaccordingtoastudy.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofEssexUKhavefoundthataslittleasfiveminutesofagreenactivitysuchaswalkinggardeningcyclingorfarmingcouldhelptoimprovemoodandincreaseself-esteem自信.Manystudieshaveshownthatoutdoorexercisecanreducetheriskofmentalillnessandimproveasenseofwell-beingbutthenewstudyledbyJulesPrettyandJoBartonwasthefirsttodeterminehowmuchtimeneededtobespentongreenexerciseforthebenefitstoshow.BartonandPrettylookedatdatafrom1252peopleofdifferentagesgenders性别andmentalhealthstatus情况takenfrom10studiesinBritain.Theyanalyzedtheirdifferentoutdooractivitiesincludingwalkinggardeningcyclingfishingboatinghorse-ridingandfarminginlocationssuchasaparkgardenornaturetrail路径.Theyfoundthatthementalhealthchangeswereseenafterjustfiveminutes.Withlongerperiodsoftimeexercisinginagreenenvironmentthepositiveeffectsweremoreapparent.Lookingatmenandwomenofdifferentagestheresearchersfoundthehealthchangeswereparticularlystrongintheyoungandthementallyill.GreenandblueA.biggereffectwasseenwithexerciseinanareathatalsocontainedwater–suchasalakeorriver.Thisisbecausehistoricallywearedrawntowatertosurviveanditisinourgenetic遗传的make-uptobeatonewithnaturetheresearcherswroteintheirreport.Prettysaidthosewhoweregenerallyinactiveorstressedorwithmentalillnesswouldprobablybenefitthemostfromgreenexercise.Employersforexamplecouldencouragestaffinstressfulworkplacestotakeashortwalkatlunchtimeinthenearestparktoimprovementalhealth.Healsosaidexerciseprogramsoutdoorscouldbenefityouthoffenders.Howisthestudythisarticlereferstodifferentfromotherstudies?A.ItinvolvedmorepeoplE.B.Ittooklongertofinishtheresearch.C.ItdeterminedtheexactamountoftimeneedeD.D.Itwasledbyjusttworesearchers.Whatcanweconcludefromthefindingsofthestudy?A.Justfiveminutesofgreenexercisedailycanhelpimprovementalhealth.B.Gardenersandfarmersdonotneedgreenexercise.C.Walkinginaparkwithalakewillweakentheeffect.D.Greenexerciseisnotsuitableforthementallyill..AccordingtoPretty_______wouldprobablybenefitthemostfromgreenexercise.A.stressedinactivepeopleB.officeworkersC.youthoffendersD.womenandchildrenWhatisthemainproblemdiscussedinthisarticle?A.Physicalwell-being.B.OutdoorexercisE.C.Mentalillness.D.HarmonywithnaturE.
Let'spretendwe'resailingdowntheRhineRiveronapleasureboat.TheRhineisoneofthemainwaterwaysofGermanyandtherivertrafficisheavy.It'sinterestingtowatchthemanyboatsgoingupanddowntheriver.Buttherivertrafficisnotnearlysointerestingasthebeautifulsceneryalongthebanksandhillsides.Theboatispassingmanyoldcastles.Wecanseepeopleworkinginthevineyards葡萄园onthehillsides.TherearevineyardsasfarastheeyecanseE.WinefromtheRhineValleyisfamousallovertheworlD.SuddenlyourboatslowsdownandbeginstoturnalittlE.Wearecomingtoasharpbendintheriver.Onourrightwecanseearockycliffover400feethigh.Atfirstitlooksquiteordinarybutthereisnothingordinaryaboutit.Therearemanystoriespoemsandsongsaboutthecliff.WearelookingattheLorelei.ThesomeoneontheboatbeginstosinginGermanthesongoftheLorelei.Itisasongaboutabeautifulsiren美女whohasluredmanysailorstotheirdeaths.Thesirenissupposedtositontherockcombingherlonggoldenhairandsinging.Thesailorswhohearherforgettosteerandthecurrentofriverhurlstheirboatsontherocksanddashesthemtopieces.Soonotherpeopleontheboatbegintosing.ThebeautifulsongaddstospecialmagictothemomentandyoubegintorealizewhysomanypeoplehavemadethistripdowntheRhinetoseetherockoftheLorelei.1.ThemoreinterestingthingtothosewhoaresailingdowntheRhineRiveronapleasureboatis.A.towatchmanyboatsgoingupanddowntheriverB.toseethebeautifulsceneryalongthebanksandhillsidesC.tohearasongaboutbeautifulsirenD.toseeabeautifulsirencombinghergoldenhair2.Whichofthefollowingisfamousallovertheworld?A.TheRhineRiver.B.TheRiverTraffiC.C.WinefromtheRhineValley.D.TheLorelei.3.Wecanseearockycliffover400feethigh.A.onourrightwhencomingtoasharpbendB.ontheRhinehillsidesC.fromtheRhineValleyD.ontheboat4.ThesongoftheLoreleiisabout.A.TheRhinewineB.arockycliffC.thebeautifulsceneryalongtheRhineRiverD.abeautifulanddangerouswomangenie
DTowhatdegreecanacomputerachieveintelligence智力?Theanswertothisquestionmaylieinanewly-developedUScomputerprogramcalledSmarterChildandtheInternet.IfyouranintoSmarterChildonlineyouwouldbesurprisedatthiskid’shugememory.Itcanrecitemanyfacts.ForexampleSmarterChildknowseverybaseballplayerineveryteamthisseason.HeknowseverywordinthedictionaryandtheweatherineverymajorcityareasacrosstheUS.HoweverifyouaskSmarterChildotherquestionsyougetstrangeranswers.AquestionaboutSmarterChild’sagereturns.Oneyear11days16hours7minutesand47seconds!AskingwherehelivesgetsInacleanroominahigh-techbuildinginCaliforniA.SmarterChildusesthevastinformationontheWorldWideWebashismemorybank.ToanswerquestionsaboutspellingforinstanceSmarterChildgoestoAmericanHeritageDictionaryonlinE.Fortheweatherhevisitswww.intellicast.com.SomescientistsbelievethatbyjoiningthemanysystemsoftheInternetanartificialbeingwiththecombinedknowledgeofsayAlbertEinsteinRichardNixonandBritneySpearscouldbeborn.HoweverifSmarterChildwantstothinkandlearnonhisownliketheboy-computerDavidinthemovieA.I.ArtificialIntelligencehemustovercometwoproblems.Thefirstisthatcomputersfinditdifficulttoreadwebpagesbecausethefilesarelabeledindifferentways.That’swhyprogrammersneedtotellSmarterChildwheretolookfortheweather.Itwouldbeamuchmoredifficulttasktolethimfindithimself.AnotherproblemisthatwhileSmarterChildcanprocess处理informationmoreexactlyandfasterthananyhumanhelackscommonsense—abasicgroundingofknowledgethatisobvioustoanyyoungchilD.67.Fromthetextwecaninferthatwww.intellicast.comisawebsite___________.A.whichisspeciallydesignedtohelpSmarterChildB.wherewepeoplecanfindSmarterChildC.whereweatherforecastsaremadeD.whichisaboutartificialintelligence68.ItisprobablymostdifficultforSmarterChildto_______.A.tellushowtospelladifficultwordB.tellushowtheAmericangovernmentisrunC.provideuswithafamouspoembyShakespeareD.learnhowtotellrightbehaviorsfromwrongones69.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.SmartChildhashisownmemorybankbigenoughforallkindsofinformation.B.A.I.ArtificialIntelligenceisprobablythenameofafilmaboutaboy-computer.C.SmartChildcanrecognizedifferentfilesandfindinformationneededonhisown.D.WehavesimilarproductnowwhichhastheknowledgeofEinsteinNixonandSpears.70.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ANewWebChildB.SmarterChildC.TheFutureofInternetD.IntelligenceDevelopment
III.阅读理解共20小题每小题1.5分满分30分AThefoodweeatseemstohaveagreateffectonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadebigstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeatithasatthesametimemademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseightypercentofhumanillnessisrelatedtofoodandfortypercentofcancerisrelatedtofoodaswell.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945someresearchersrealizedthatthingscommonlyusedtokeepcolorinmeatsandotherfoodadditives添加剂causedcancer.Yettheseadditivesremaininourfoodanditisdifficulttoknowwhichthingsonthewrappingsoffoodsarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillin青霉素totheiranimalsandbecauseofthispenicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkofcows.Sometimessimilartingsaresuppliedtoanimalsnotfortheirhealthbutjusttomakeaprofit.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertogetahigherpriceonthemarket.Althoughsomecountrieshavetriedtocontrolsuchthingsthepracticecontinues.51.Accordingtothispassagewecanknow___________.A.cancerwasdiscoveredin1945B.sciencehasmadefoodunfittoeatC.perhapsmostofhumanillnessiscausedbywhatweeatD.perhapsmostkindsofcancerarerelatedtowhatpeopleeat52.Theadditivesinfood_________.A.arebrightandcolorlessB.haveindirecteffectsonourhealthC.havedirecteffectsonourhealthD.havedirectandindirecteffectsonourhealth53.Peopleuseadditives_________.A.tochangecolorofthefoodB.tomakefoodmoreunfittoeatC.totakeoffthediseasesofthefoodD.toimprovethecolorandtasteofthefood54.WhichofthefollowingisNottrue?A.Weneedn’ttakecareofwhatweeat.B.Somewrappingsoffoodareharmful.C.Thepracticecontinuesmeansthingsarestillgoingonlikethat.D.Farmerstrytomakemoremoneyonthemarketbyfatteningtheiranimals.
A.newstudyhasfoundnoevidencethatsunscreencommonlyusedtoreducetheriskofskincanceractuallyincreasetherisk.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofIowabasedtheirfindingsonareviewof18earlierstudiesthatlookedattheassociationbetweensunscreenuseandmelanoma黑素瘤.TheysaidthattheyfoundflawsinstudiesthathadreportedassociationsbetweensunscreenuseandhigherriskofmelanomaMosthealthexpertsbelievethatbyprotectingtheskinfromtheharmfuleffectsofthesunsunscreenhelpspreventskincancerwhichisincreasinginincidence发生率fasterthananyothercancerintheUnitedStates.Butquestionshasbeenraisedaboutsunscreenandwhetheritmayhasoppositeeffectperhapsbyallowingpeopletoremainexposedtothesunlongerwithoutburning.Theresearcherssaidthatamongtheproblemswithsomeearlierstudiesisthattheyoftenfailedtotakeintoaccountthatthosepeoplemostatriskforskincancer---peoplewithfairskinandfreckles雀斑forexample---aremorelikelytousesunscreen.Asaresultitmayappearthatsunscreenusersgetcancermoreoften.Thestudieswhichgenerallyreliedonvolunteerstorecalltheirsunscreenusewerealsounabletoprovehowwelltheproductshadbeenappliedsaidthenewstudy.72.Theunderlinedwordflawsinthe2ndparagraphmostprobablymeans______.A.evidenceB.factsC.faultsD.failures73.Peoplewithfairskinandfreckles.A.seldomusesunscreenB.aremoreindangerofskincancerC.canbefreefromtheharmofthesunD.oftenexposethemselvestothesun74.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.sunscreenusersgetskincancermoreoftenB.thevolunteershaveprovedtheeffectofsunscreenC.thenewstudywasbasedontheexperiencesofvolunteersD.thenumberofskincancerpatientsisincreasinginAmerica75.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitleforthispassage?A.SunscreentoPreventSkinCancerB.SunscreentoIncreaseSkinCancerC.SkinCancerCausedbySunscreenD.SkinCancerCausedbyFreckles
Cellphoneswithcamerasarereallyapopularwaytocaptureamomentintimebutsomecleverstudentsfoundanotheruse—capturingtestsasawaytocheat.TheMagnoliaIndependentSchoolDistrictinMontgomeryCountyhasaddedcameraphonestoalistofelectronicdevicesstudentsarebannedfromhavingatschool.Schoolofficialssaidthemovewasmadeasapreventativemeasuretostoppotentialtestcheaterssincestudentscouldusethephonestosnappicturesoftestquestions.AnotherconcernwasthatstudentsmighttakeinappropriatepicturesofclassmatestolatershareorpostonaWebsitE.Cellphoneswithoutcamerasareallowedoncampusbutmustbeturnedoff.CameracellphoneswillbeconfiscatediffoundoncampusanddisciplinaryactionwillbetakenofficialssaiD.Somestudentsweredisheartenedtohearabouttheban.I’dbelostwithoutmyphonesaidKendallPaulaMagnoliaHighSchoolstudent.Allmynumbersareinit.I’veneverusedittocheatandIdon’tknowanyonewhohasatourschoolsoIthinkit’skindofstupiD.Butotherstudentssaidtheysawitallthetimeattheirschool.YouwouldtakeapictureofthetestandthensendittothenextpersontakingthetestsaidMelissaSparksastudent.Theywouldsendthequestionandtheanswerorjustthenumberofthequestionandtheanswer.It’squickerthatwayanotherstudentsaiD.Parentsoftenprovidetheirchildrenwithcellphonesforuseinemergenciesandtokeepbettertrackofthem.MyMonwantsmetohavemyphonewithmeatalltimesforemergencepurposE.SoitgoeswithmewhereverIgoPaulsaiD.Accordingtothispassagewhichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.Cellphonecan’tbetakenintotheSchoolDistrict.B.Thestudents’parentsareinfavoroftheban.C.Studentshavedifferentopinionsabouttheban.D.Studentscanusecellphoneswithoutcamerafreelyatschool.Thewriterwouldagreethat____.A.everycoinhastwosidesB.theSchoolDistrict’sbanisrightC.parentscareabouttheirchildrentoomuchD.schoolsshouldnotinvadestudents’rightsTheunderlinedworditinparagraph4referstothefactthat____.A.somestudentscheatinexamsB.theSchoolDistrict’sbanisstupidC.somestudentsgetlostwithouttheircameracellphonesD.somestudentscheatinexamswithcameracellphones.
Recentlyamancametomebecausehewastoldthatthereisfluid积液aroundhisheart.Aftertryingmanydrugswhichwereofnousetoreducethefluidthedoctortoldhimtheonlyotherchoicewastohaveanoperation.Herefusedbecauseheknewthateveryillnesshasamentalcauseandthatifhehadtheoperationbutdidnotclearthementalcausethefluidwouldreturn.AtlasthesearchedtheInternettofindametaphysicalhealer玄学治疗师andhefoundmE.Thementalcauseofhisdiseasewasanexperienceofbreakingupfiveyearsagowithseveralfriendswhomhehadknownforovertwentyyears.Thisexperiencebrokehisheart.Notknowinghowtomendhisbrokenhearthisbodycreatedarepairbysurroundinghisheartwithfluidtoprotectitfromthesadfeelings.Ourworkfocusedonremindinghimofthefeelingsofbeinglovedandforgivinghisfriends.MonthslaterhisheartswasmendedandthefluiddisappeareD.Heleftmyofficeafterthefinalsessionwithasmileonhisfaceandaspringinhisstep.Thekeyis:tocreateahealthybodyyoumustbehealthynotonlyinbodybutalsoinminD.Tobementallyhealthyyouneedtobuildupstrongrelationships.Creatingstrongrelationshipswillinsurethatyouareaccompaniedbyanetworkoflovingpersons.Itisimportantforbuildingasupportsystemthatliftsyourspirits.Evenwhenyouarealoneyouwillnotfeellonelyorupset.Strongrelationshipsarenotspaceships——theyarenothardtobuilD.Inordertocurehisillnesswhichofthefollowingwaysdidthepatienttry???takingmanymedicines??havinganoperation??seeingametaphysicalhealer??visitingdifferentdoctorsA.????B.????C.??????D.????????TheunderlinedwordItinParagraph5refersto________.A.amentallyhealthybodyB.arepairedheartC.anetworkoflovingpersonsD.asupportsystemWhatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Lovingotherswillkeepyouingoodspirits.B.Heartillnesscanbecuredwithoutoperation.C.Creatingstrongrelationshipswillkeepyouhealthy.D.Spiritualhealthisnecessaryforphysicalhealth.Whichofthefollowingviewsmaythewriteragreeto?A.OldfriendshipiseasytolosE.B.A.goodfriendshipisausefulmedicineC.ThebestdoctorisyourownbodyD.ItneedsmanyeffortstobuildrelationshipsIfthispassageiscontinuedwithanotherparagraphwhatwoulditbeprobablyabout?A.HowtobuildstrongrelationshipsB.HowtoprotectyourheartC.HowtokeephealthymentallyD.Howtoliveahealthylife
A.studypublishedMondayfoundthatpeoplewhosleeplesstendtobefatandexpertssaidit’stimetofindoutifmoresleepwillfightfatness.We’veputsomuchemphasisondietandexercisethatwe'vefailedtorecognizethevalueofgoodsleepsaidFredTurekaphysicianatNorthwesternUniversity.Monday’sstudyfromEasternVirginiaMedicalSchoolinNorfolkcovered1000peopleandfoundthattotalsleeptimedecreasedasbodymassindex-ameasureofweightbasedonheight-increaseD.Mensleptanaverageof27minuteslessthanwomenandoverweightandfatpatientssleptlessthanpatientswithnormalweightsitsaiD.Ingeneralthefattersubjectssleptabout1.8hoursaweeklessthanthosewithnormalweights.Americansexperienceinsufficientsleepandfatbodies.CliniciansareawareoftheburdenoffatnessonpatientsthestudysaiD.Ourfindingssuggestthatmajorextensionsofsleeptimemaynotbenecessaryasanextra20minutesofsleeppernightseemstobeassociatedwithalowerbodymassindexitaddeD.Wecautionthatthisstudydoesnotestablishacause-and-effectrelationshipbetweenrestrictedsleepandfatnessbutinvestigationsindicatingsuccessinweightlossviaextensionsofsleepwouldhelpgreatlytosetupsucharelationship.ThestudywaspublishedintheArchivesofInternalMedicinealongwithaneditorialbyTurekandNorthwesterncolleagueJosephBasscommentingonitandrelatedresearch.InaninterviewTureksaidsomestudieshaveshownsleepcausesdeclinesinanappetitesuppressingproteinhormoneandincreasesinanotherhormonethatcausesalongingforfooD.Inadditionneuropathies神经疗法inthebraingoverningsleepandfatnessappeartooverlap重叠hesaiD.Patnesshasbeenrisingdramaticallyindevelopedcountriesandreachedepidemic流行病levelsintheUnitedStatesitaddedleadingtoavarietyofhealthproblems.66.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Peoplewhosleeplesstendtogetfat.B.Fatpeopleneedlotsofsleeptoloseweight.C.Sleepinghasnothingtodowithfatness.D.Fatnesshasbeenrisingdramaticallyindevelopedcountries.67.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.LackofsleepcausesdeclinesinadesirelimitingproteinhormonE.B.Americansexperiencesufficientsleepandfatbodies.C.Thefindingssuggestthatmajorextensionsofsleeptimemaybenecessary.D.FatnesshasbeenrisingdramaticallyinAmericA.68.WhichofthefollowingisNOTclosetotheunderlinedwordsuppress?A.limitB.restrictC.acceptD.control69.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingpeopleisthelowestpossibleonetogetfatness?A.AmericansB.ChineseC.JapaneseD.English70.WecanconcludetheattitudeoftheauthorisaccordingtothepassagE.A.worriedB.uninterestedC.criticalD.optimistic
Doyoufeelsonervousinexamsthatyouhavetroublewritinganswerstoquestionsthatyouknewjustthenightbefore?Ifsoyoulikelyhaveacaseoftestanxiety.Butdon'tfear.Byrecognizingtheproblemyouaretakingthefirststeptowardsovercomingit.Believeitornotatouchofnervousnesscansharpenyourmindallowingyoutoperformmorequickly.Thisisbecauseunderstressthebodygivesoutthehormoneadrenalinewhichpreparesitforsomethingimportantthatwillhappen.HowevertoomuchanxietycanresultinsleeplessnesslossofappetitebeforetestsandpoorperformancE.Somepeoplemightfeelhotorevensick.Ifyouworryalotorareaperfectionistyouaremorelikelytohavetroublewithtestanxiety.Thosewhohavepreparedpoorlyforatestorhavehadnegativeexperiencestakingtestsmayalsoexperiencetestanxiety.Whenyoufeelastormofanxietycomingonstopwhatyou'redoingandmakeyourmindablank.IfpossibleactuallytellyourselftoSTOP!Thiswillgetyourmindoffthestress.Thenthinkofbeingataplaceofcomfortandletyourbodyrelax.Asyoucontinuethetestfindquestionsyouknowtheanswerstoandanswerthemfirst.ThiswillhelpgainyourconfidencE.TalktoyourselfusingpositivelanguagE.Makeitahabittoreplaceeachnegativethoughtwithalogicalreason.Forexample:I'vestudiedhardandIknowthematerialsoI'mreadytodothebestIcan.Anotherthingyoucandoistolearntoacceptmistakes.Infacttheycanbevaluablelearningopportunities.Lastbutnotleaststarttestpreparationearly—threetofivedaysaheadofthequizortest.Afterallgoodstudyhabitsandskills—forexampletimemanagementandnote-taking—willgiveyouthefeelingthatyouareincontrol.72.Accordingtothetextpeoplewho______aremorelikelytohavetroublewithtestanxiety.A.worryalotorareperfectionistsB.preparepoorlyforatestC.havefailedintestsbeforeD.allofabove73.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthewaytobeatnervesaccordingtotheauthor?A.Stopwhatyouaredoingandtrytorelax.B.Talktoyourteacherorfriends.C.makeafulltestpreparationearly.D.Learntoacceptmistakes.74.Fromthetextweknowitisnottruethat______.A.testanxietymakesyoufailinworkingouttheproblemsthatarereallydifficultB.alittleoftestanxietymightbehelpfultosomestudentsC.somestudentscan'tsleepwellbeforethetestD.somestudentsfailedinthetestbecauseoftheanxiety75.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatistestanxietyB.WhywehavetestanxietyC.HowtobeatnervesD.Developapositiveattitude
Overthelast70yearsresearchershavebeenstudyinghappyandunhappypeopleandfinallyfoundouttenfactorsthatmakeadifferencE.Ourfeelingsofwell-beingatanymomentaredeterminedtoacertaindegreebygenes.Howeverofallthefactorswealthandagearethetoptwo.Moneycanbuyadegreeofhappiness.ButonceyoucanaffordtofeedclotheandhouseyourselfeachextradollarmakeslessandlessdifferencE.Researchersfindthatonaveragewealthierpeoplearehappier.Butthelinkbetweenmoneyandhappinessiscomplex.Inthepasthalf-centuryaverageincomehassharplyincreasedindevelopedcountriesyethappinesslevelshaveremainedalmostthesamE.Onceyourbasicneedsaremetmoneyonlyseemstoincreasehappinessifyouhavemorethanyourfriendsneighborsandcolleagues.Dollarsbuystatusandstatusmakespeoplefeelbetterconcludesomeexpertswhichhelpsexplainwhypeoplewhocanseekstatusinotherways—scientistsoractorsforexample—mayhappilyacceptrelativelypoorly-paidjobs.InaresearchProfessorAlexMichalosfoundthatthepeoplewhosedesires—notjustformoneybutforfriendsfamilyjobhealth—rosefurthestbeyondwhattheyalreadyhadtendedtobelesshappythanthosewhofeltasmallergap差距.IndeedthesizeofthegappredictedhappinessaboutfivetimesbetterthanincomealonE.ThegapmeasuresjustblowawaytheonlymeasuresofincomesaysMichalos.AnotherfactorthathastodowithhappinessisagE.OldagemaynotbesobaD.Givenalltheproblemsofaginghowcouldtheelderlybemoresatisfied?asksProfessorLauraCarstensen.InonesurveyCarstenseninterviewed184peoplebetweentheagesof18and94andaskedthemtofilloutanemotionsquestionairE.Shefoundthatoldpeoplereportedpositiveemotionsjustasoftenasyoungpeoplebutnegativeemotionsmuchlessoften.Whyareoldpeoplehappier?Somescientistssuggestolderpeoplemayexpectlifetobeharderandlearntolivewithitorthey’remorerealisticabouttheirgoalsonlysettingonesthattheyknowtheycanachievE.ButCarstensenthinksthatwithtimerunningoutolderpeoplehavelearnedtofocusonthingsthatmakethemhappyandletgoofthosethatdon’t.Peoplerealizenotonlywhattheyhavebutalsothatwhattheyhavecannotlastforevershesays.Agoodbyekisstoahusbandorwifeattheageof85forexamplemaybringfarmorecomplexemotionalresponsesthanasimilarkisstoaboyorgirlfriendattheageof20.Accordingtothepassagethefeelingofhappiness______.A.isdeterminedpartlybygenesB.increasesgraduallywithageC.haslittletodowithwealthD.ismeasuredbydesiresSomeactorswouldliketoacceptpoorly-paidjobsbecausethejobs______.A.makethemfeelmuchbetterB.providechancestomakefriendsC.improvetheirsocialpositionD.satisfytheirprofessionalinterestsAgedpeoplearemorelikelytofeelhappybecausetheyaremore______.A.optimisticB.successfulC.practicalD.emotionalProfessorAlexMichalosfoundthatpeoplefeellesshappyif______.A.thegapbetweenrealityanddesireisbiggerB.theyhaveastrongerdesireforfriendshipC.theirincomeisbelowtheirexpectationD.thehopeforgoodhealthisgreater
KoalasarepicturedeverywhereinAustralia-oncleaningproductsonboxesofchocolateonsportsteamshirts.Yettheanimalsliveonlyinpocketsalongtheeastcoast.TheyonceinhabitedtheentirecoastlinE.Thekoalapopulationdroppedafterfarmerscutdownmanyoftheforestswherekoalaslivedandhunterskilledtheanimalsfortheirfur.Bytheearly1900skoalaswerebasicallyshotoutofsouthAustraliasaysecologistBillElliswhostudiestherelationshipsamonglivingthingsandtheirenvironments.IrecentlyjoinedEllisandhisteaminaforestonStBeesIsland19milesoffthenortheasterncoastofAustraliawitheightothervolunteers.Theislandisanaturallaboratoryyieldingfindingsthatmayhelpprotectkoalaselsewhereonthecontinent.Thevolunteerssearchedtheislandforkoalasinthebluegumtrees.WhenwefoundakoalawegatheredinformationaboutthetreesintheareA.BluegumisaspeciesoftheeucalyptustreeinwhichthefunnyleafeatersspendmostoftheirtimE.EucalyptustreesarenativetoAustraliaandtheirleavesarethemainfoodsourceforkoalas.Althoughkoalascanwalkonthegroundtheyarebettersuitedforlifeinthecanopythehighcoverofbranchesandleavesinaforest.WhathasEllis’sresearchtoldhimsofar?ThepopulationofStBeesseemstobehealthy.YetElliswonderswhetherthekoalasmightbeheadingforhardtimes.TheislandisoverrunwithwildgoatsandEllisthinksthegoatsareeatingthesmallbluegumtrees.WithoutthosetreesthekoalaswillrunoutoffoodinthefuturE.Ellishopesmoreresearchwillhelphimunderstandhowtoprotectthebluegumtrees-andthekoalasthatdependonthem.Ithinkthat’swhateveryoneistryingtodo-tomakeadifferencE.Ellissays.59.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat.A.koalas’picturescanbefoundeverywhereintheworldB.koalasinAustralialiketoeatchocolateC.onlyintheeastcoastofAustraliacanyoufindkoalasD.youcanbuythepicturesofkoalasonlyintheeastcoastofAustralia60.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutkoalas?A.TheyusuallyhideinacavE.B.Theyfeedontheleavesofbluegumtrees.C.TheyprefertowalkonthegrounD.D.Theydon’tadapttothehighcoverofbranches.61.WhatwillEllismostprobablystarttodonext?A.TokeepthepopulationofStBeeshealthy.B.TokillallthegoatsontheislanD.C.Tofindsomenewfoodsforgoats.D.Toprotectbluegumtreesforkoalas.62.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageisto.A.expectpeopletoconcernaboutthelifeofkoalasB.recordtriptoAustraliaforwatchingkoalasC.presentsomebasicknowledgeofkoalas’lifeD.introducetheecosystemofwildlifeinAustralia
WehavemettheenemyandheisoursWeboughthimatapetshop.Whenmonkey-poxadiseaseusuallyfoundintheAfricanrainforestsuddenlyturnsupinchildrenintheAmerican.Midwestit’shardnottowonderofthediseasethatcomesfromforeignanimalsishominginonhumanbeings.Mostoftheinfections感染wethinkofashumaninfectionsstartedinotheranimalssaysStephenMorsedirectoroftheCenterforPublicHealthPreparednessatColumbiaUniversity.It’snotjustthatwe’regoingtowheretheanimalsare;we’realsobringingthemclosertousPopularforeignpetshavebroughtawholenewdiseasetothiscountryA.strangeillnesskilledIsaksen’spetsandshenowthinksthatkeepingforeignpetsisabadideaIdon’tthinkit’sfairtohavethemaspetswhenwehavesuchalimitedknowledgeofthemsaysIsaksenLawsallowingtheseanimalstobebroughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstrictercontrolneedchangingsaysPeterSchantzMonkey-poxmaybethewake-upcall.Researchersbelieveinfectedanimalsmayinfecttheirowners.WeknowverylittleaboutthesenewdiseasesA.newbug病毒maybekindatfirst.Butitmaydevelopintosomethingharmful有害的Monkey-poxdoesn’tlookamajorinfectiousdiseaseButisnotimpossibletopassthediseasefrompersontopersonWelearnfromParagraphIthatthepetsoldattheshopmay_______.A.comefromColumbiaB.preventusfrombeinginfectedC.enjoybeingwithchildrenD.sufferfrommonkey-poxWhydidIsaksenadvisepeoplenottohaveforeignpets?A.TheyattackhumanbeingsB.WeneedtostudynativeanimalsC.Theycan’tliveoutoftherainforestD.WedonotknowmuchaboutthemyetWhatdoesshephrasethewake-upcallinparagraph3mostprobablymean?A.anewdiseaseB.aclearwarningC.adangerousanimalD.amorningcallThetextsuggeststhatinthefuturewe.A.mayhavetofightagainstmorenewdiseasesB.mayeasilygetinfectedbydiseasesfromdogsC.shouldnotbeallowedtohavepetsD.shouldstopbuyingpestsfromAfrica
A.newwalkingtalkingrobotfromJapanwhichhasblackhairandawoman’sfacethatcansmilewillattendafashionshow.Ithastrimmeddown减少to43kgbutitstillhasn’treachedthesafetystandardsrequiredtosharethecatwalkwithhumanmodels.DevelopersattheNationalInstituteofAdvancedIndustrialScienceandTechnologyagovernment-backedorganizationsaidtheircybernetic全自动控制的humanwasn’treadytohelpwithdailyhouseworkorworksidebysidewithpeople—asmanyhoperobotswillbeabletodointhefuturE.Intechnologyithasn’treachedthatlevelsaidHirohisaHirukawaoneoftherobot’sdevelopers.EvenasafashionmodelpeopleintheindustrytoldusshewasshortandhadaratherordinaryfigurE.Fornowthe158cmtallblack-hairedrobotnamedHRP-4C—whosepredecessor前任hadweighed58kg—willmainlyservetodrawandentertaincrowds.DeveloperssaidtherobotmaybeusedinamusementparksortoperformhumanmovementasanexerciseinstructorforinstancE.HRP-4CwasdesignedtolooklikeanordinaryJapnesewomanalthoughitssilver-and-blackbodyremindspeopleofaspacesuit.ItwillappearinaTokyofashionshow—withoutanyclothes—inaspecialpartjustfortherobotnextweek.Theroboticframework框架forHRP-4Cwithoutthefaceandothercoveringswillgoonsaleforabout20millionyen日元each.ItsprogrammingtechnologywillbemadepublicsootherpeoplecancomeupwithfunmovesfortherobotthescientistssaiD.Japanisoneoftheleadingroboticsindustriesintheworldandthegovernmentispushingtodeveloptheindustryasaroadtogrowth.WhatdoweknowaboutHRP-4C’spredecessor?A.ItisshorterthanHRP-4C.B.ItisclevererthanHRP-4C.C.ItistallerthanHRP-4C.D.ItisheavierthanHRP-4C.AccordingtothepassagehowmanyofthefollowingcouldHRP-4Cdo?A.drawingpicturesB.walkingandtalkingC.doinghouseworkD.workingwithpeopleE.smilingA.2B.3C.4D.5WhichofthefollowingaboutHRP-4CisTURE?A.Itwearsaspacesuit.B.Itspriceis20milliondollars.C.Itcanbeusedasanexerciseinstructor.D.AsafashionmodelithasaperfectfigurE.HRP-4C’sprogrammingtechnologywillbemadepublicto.A.makemoneyB.makenewframeworksC.letotherpeopleimproveitD.helpmakenewfaceandcoveringsWhatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.ThepurposeofmakingHRP-4C.B.RoboticsindustryinJapan.C.AnewJapaneserobot.D.Japaneseandrobots.
WithwinterfastapproachingfluseasonisherE.PeoplecaneasilycatchtheflubugandtheytrytofightitwithwesternmedicinetraditionalChinesemedicineorsomehomemadesecretrecipes.Yetsomeofthesestrategiesareineffectiveorevenharmfulthebestwaytocounterthefluistoprotectusfromcontracting感染it.Soherearesomegoodhabitstoprotectpeoplefromcontractingflufromtheverybeginning.●Duringthedaykeepthebedroomwindowopentoletfreshairin.●Washyourfacewithcoldwaterinthemorningandwashyourfeetwithhotwaterintheevening.Thispracticecanhelpboostbloodcirculationandimprovethebody'sresistancE.●Dosomeexercisesinthemorning.suchasjoggingorshadowboxing太极拳for10minutes.●Rinse漱yourmouthwithsaltwaterorteaeverymorningandeveryevening.Thiscanhelpkillflubacteriaclearphlegm痰andkeepthemouthfresh.●Wearmoreclotheswhenit'scoldandtakesomeoffwhenit'swarm●GetabottleofvinegarorChinesewhitewineathandandsmellitnowandthen.Theirpungentsmellcanhelppeoplegetrefreshedandimprovetheirbody'sresistancE.●Drinktwokindsofbeverages饮料beforegoingtobedwhichcanhelppeoplestayawayfromtheflu:soupmadeofradish萝卜andvinegarandteamadeoffreshginger生姜.●ClosethedoorsandwindowsandputapotofboilingvinegarintheroomVinegarsteamisagoodwaytokillflubacteriaintheair.Somepeoplelikewashingtheirfacewithcoldwaterinthemorningandwashingtheirfeetwithhotwaterintheeveningperhapsbecause______.A.theywanttomakethemselveshandsomeorprettyB.theyknowitisthebestwaytokillflubacteriaC.theythinkitcanstrengthenbloodcirculationandimprovetheirresistanceD.theyhavedevelopedthegoodhabitoflivingAccordingtothepassagewecanknowthatthebestwaytofightthefluisto______.A.takewesternmedicineortraditionalChinesemedicineB.avoidgettingitattheverybeginningC.usesomehomemadesecretrecipesD.drinktwokindsofbeveragesbeforegoingtobedinwinterWhatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.EighthabitstokeepthefluawayB.ThecauseofcontractingthefluC.WinterandfluD.Howtocuretheflu
AnimalsseemtohavethesensetoeatwhentheyarehungryandtheydonoteatmorethantheirbodiesneeD.Ithasbeendemonstrated证明thatratswillwhengivenachoiceoveraperiodoftimepreferwaterwithvitaminstowaterwithoutvitaminseventhoughthereisnodifferenceintasteorsmellbetweenthetwowaterbottles.Whenafragrant香的flavor作料wasaddedtothevitamin-enrichedwatertheratsdidseemtopreferitandkeptdrinkingitevenafterthevitaminswereswitchedtotheclearwater.IntimehowevertheybrokethehabitandwentbacktowherethenecessaryvitaminswerE.Inaclassicexperimentbabiesof6to12monthsoldwereplacedinacafeteria自助feedingarrangementwithawideselectionofbabyfoodbeforethem.Theyweregivenwhateverfoodtheypointedtoorappearedinterestedin.Wearetoldthatatfirsttheyshowedsomeunusualeatingpatternsbutthatoveraperiodoftimetheymanagedtoselectwell-balanceddiet.Soinselectingfoodratsandbabiesdoseemtoknowandactonwhat'sbestforthem.ApparentlythereisakindofbodywisdomwhichhumanssoonlosE.MostofusdonoteataswiselyaswecoulD.Manyofourfoodpreferencesareculturallydeterminedandinfluencedbylong-establishedhabits.Somepeopleeatfoxdogandblackbirdswhileweeatcowsandpigs.Sowhatpeopleeatandhowmuchtheyeatseemstobegreatlyinfluencedbywhatisgoingonaroundthem.Intheexperimentonratsafragrantflavorwasaddedtotherats’drinkingwaterto_____________.A.encourageratstodrinkvitamins-enrichedwaterB.findoutrats’preferenceinflavorC.testwhetherratsknowwhichdrinkisgoodforthemD.demonstratethevitaminsaretastelessAccordingtothepassageadultseatinghabitsdifferfromthoseofbabiesbecause_________.A.adultsknowbetterthanbabieswhatkindoffoodaregoodfortheirhealthB.adultsusuallycannotresistthetemptationofvariousdeliciousfoodsC.adults'eatinghabitsarecloselyrelatedtothesocialandculturalcustomsD.adultshavemorechoicesoffoodthanbabiesineatingpatternsTheauthorimpliedinthepassagethatmostofus_________.A.eatabalanceddietB.choosethefoodthatisofnutritionC.havethehabitsinfluencedbythesurroundingsD.liketoeatthefoodwithafragrantflavor.Asfarastheireatinghabitsareconcernedbabiesandratsaresimilarinthat_________.A.bothhavethewisdomtochooseabalanceddietB.bothpreferflavoredfoodanddrinkC.bothhavethesameeatingpatternsD.bothdevelopatasteforthesamekindsofflavors
Theregularuseoftextmessagesande-mailscanlowertheIQmorethantwiceasmuchassmokingmarijuana大麻.Thatistheclaimofpsychologistswhohavefoundthattappingawayonamobilephoneorcomputerkeypadorcheckingthemforelectronicmessagestemporarilyknocksuptotenpointsofftheuser’sIQ.Thisrateofdeclineinintelligencecomparesunfavorablywiththefour-pointdropinIQassociatedwithsmokingmarijuanaaccordingtoBritishresearcherswhohavelabeled把称为thefleetingphenomenonofenhancedstupidityasinfomania.ThenoticeabledropinIQisbelievedtobetheresultoftheconstantdistractionofalwaysontechnologywhenemployeesshouldbeconcentratingonwhattheyarepaidtodo.InfomaniameansthattheyloseconcentrationastheirmindsremainfixedinanalmostpermanentstateofreadinesstoreacttotechnologyinsteadoffocusingonthetasksinhanD.Thebrainalsofindsithardtodealwithkeepinglotsoftasksinmotionatoncereducingitsoveralleffectiveness.Whilemoderntechnologycanhavehugebenefitsexcessive过度的usecanbedamagingnotonlytoaperson’smindbuttohisorhersociallifE.EightyvolunteerstookpartinclinicaltrialsonIQdamageand1100adultswereintervieweD.Morethansixintenpeoplepolledadmittedthattheywereaddictedtocheckingtheire-mailandtextmessagessothattheyexaminedwork-relatedonesevenwhenathomeoronholiday.Halfsaidthattheyalwaysrespondedimmediatelytoane-mailandoneinfivewouldinterruptameetingtodoso.Furthermoreinfomaniaishavinganegativeeffectonworkcolleaguesincreasingstressanddisagreeingfeelings.Nineoutoftenpolledthoughtthatcolleagueswhoanswerede-mailsormessagesduringaface-to-facemeetingwereextremelyrudE.YetoneinthreeBritonsbelievedthatitwasnotonlyacceptablebutactuallydiligentandefficienttodoso.67.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartmean?A.Aperson’sIQdropstenpointsifheorshealwayscheckselectronicmessages.B.ThepersonwhohasahigherIQenjoyscheckingelectronicmessages.C.ThepersonwhohasalowerIQenjoyscheckingelectronicmessages.D.A.person’sIQistenpointshigherifheorshealwayscheckselectronicmessages.68.Whathappenstopeoplewithinfomania?A.PeoplewithinfomaniacanonlyconcentrateontheirtasksinhanD.B.peoplewithinfomaniaareaddictedtosmokingmarijuanA.C.Peoplewithinfomaniacan’trespondtotechnologyimmediately.D.Peoplewithinfomaniacan’tconcentrateontheirtasksinhanD.69.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat______.A.about550intervieweesrespondedtoane-mailimmediatelyB.about670intervieweesrespondedtoane-mailimmediatelyC.about50takingpartinclinicaltrialsonIQwereaddictedtocheckinge-mailsD.about16takingpartinclinicaltrialsonIQrefusedtoanswere-mailsimmediately70.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Theregularuseoftextmessagesande-mailscanbecomparedtosmokingmarijuanA.B.Moderntechnologycandamageaperson’sminD.C.Theregularuseoftextmessagesande-mailscanharmyourIQ.D.Electronicmessageshavesideeffectsontheuser’slifE.
Everyonehasgottwopersonalities—theonethatisshowntotheworldandtheotherthatissecretandreal.Youdon'tshowyoursecretpersonalitywhenyou'reawakebecauseyoucancontrolyourbehaviorbutwhenyou'reasleepyoursleepingpositionshowstherealyou.Inanormalnightofcoursepeoplefrequentlychangetheirposition.Theimportantpositionistheonethatyougotosleepin.Ifyougotosleeponyourbackyou'reaveryopenperson.Younormallytrustpeopleandyouareeasilyinfluencedbyfashionornewideas.Youdon'tliketoupsetpeoplesoyouneverexpressyourrealfeelings.You'requiteshyandyouaren'tveryconfident.Ifyousleeponyourstomachyouarearathersecretiveperson.Youworryalotandyou'realwayseasilyupset.You'reverystubborn顽固的butyouaren'tveryambitious.Youusuallylivefortodaynotfortomorrow.ThismeansthatyouenjoyhavingagoodtimE.Ifyousleeponcurledupyouareprobablyaverynervousperson.Youhavealowopinionofyourselfandsoyou'reoftendefensivE.You'reshyandyoudon'tnormallylikemeetingpeoplE.Youprefertobeonyourown.You'reeasilyhurt.Ifyousleeponyoursideyouhaveusuallygotawellbalancedpersonality.Youknowyourstrengthsandweakness.You'reusuallycareful.Youhaveaconfidentpersonality.Yousometimesfeelanxiousbutyoudon'toftengetdepresseD.YoualwayssaywhatyouthinkevenifitannoyspeoplE.Accordingtothewriteryounaturallyshowyoursecretandrealpersonality_______.A.onlyinanormalnightB.onlywhenyougotosleepC.onlywhenyourefusetoshowyourselftotheworldD.onlywhenyouchangesleepingpositionMaybeyoudon'twanttomakefriendswithapersonwhosleepscurledup.Why?A.Heorshewouldratherbealonethancommunicatewithyou.B.Heorsheisrarelyreadytohelpyou.C.Heorsheprefersstayingathometogoingout.D.Heorshewouldn'tliketogethelpfromyou.Itappearsthatthewritertendstothinkhighlyofthepersonwhosleepsononesidebecause_______.A.heorshealwaysshowssympathyforpeopleB.heorsheisconfidentbutnotstubbornC.heorshehasmorestrengthsthanweaknessD.heorsheoftenconsidersannoyingpeople
Mostyoungpeopleenjoysomeformofphysicalactivity.Itmaybewalkingcyclingorswimmingwinterskatingorskiinginwinter.Itmaybeagameofsomekindfootballhockeygolfortennis.Itmaybemountaineering爬山.Thosewhohaveapassion热情forclimbinghighanddifficultmountainsareoftenlookeduponwithastonishment.Whyaremenandwomenwillingtosuffercoldandhardshipandtotakerisksonhighmountains?ThisastonishmentiscausedprobablybythedifferencebetweenmountaineeringandotherformsofactivitytowhichmengivetheirleisurE.MountaineeringisasportandnotagamE.Therearenoman-maderulesasthereareforsuchgamesasgolfandfootball.Thereareofcourserulesofadifferentthingthatitwouldbedangeroustoignore忽视butitisthisfreedomfromman-maderulesthatmakesmountaineeringattractivetomanypeoplE.Thosewhoclimbmountainsarefreetousetheirownmethods.Ifwecomparemountaineeringandothermorefamiliarsportswemightthinkthatonebigdifferenceisthatmountaineeringisnotateamgame.Weshouldbemistakeninthis.Thereareitistruenomatchesbetweenteamsofclimbersbutwhenclimbersareonarockfacelinkedbyaropeonwhichtheirlivesmaydependthereisobviouslyteamwork.Themountainclimberknowsthathemayhavetofightforcesthatarestrongerandmorepowerfulthanmen.HehastofighttheforcesofnaturE.HissportrequireshighmentalandphysicalqualitiesA.mountainclimbercontinuestoimproveinskillyearafteryear.A.skierisprobablypasthisbestbytheageofthirtyandmostinternationaltennischampionsareintheirearlytwenties.ButitisnotunusualforamanoffiftyorsixtytoclimbthehighestmountainsintheAlps.Theymaytakemoretimethanyoungermenbuttheyprobablyclimbwithmoreskillandlesswasteofeffortsandtheycertainlyexperienceequalenjoyment.Mountaineeringinvolves.A.coldB.hardshipC.physicalriskD.alloftheaboveThedifferencebetweenasportandagamehassomethingtodowiththekindof.A.activityB.rulesC.uniformD.participantsMountaineeringcanbecalledateamsportbecause.A.itisanOlympiceventB.teamscompeteagainsteachotherC.mountaineersdependoneachotherwhileclimbingD.thereare5climbersoneachteam.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.MountaineeringIsDifferentfromGolfandFootballkB.MountaineeringIsMoreAttractivethanOtherSportsC.MountaineeringD.MountainClimbers
AnewweaponisonthewayinthefightagainstsmokinginEuropE.Soonwhensmokersbuycigarettestheymightseeashockingphotoofablackenedlungoracancerpatientstaringbackatthemfromthepacket.Someboysmaythinkofsmokingascoolandsexy.Theirfriendswon’tagreewhentheyseetheirpacketsofcigaretteslyingonthetablE.TheEuropeanUnionannouncedonOctober22thatithadchosen42photosthatshowedthedamagecigarettescoulddotothebody.Itcalledonmembernationstoputthesepicturesonpacketstodiscourageyoungsmokers.Tocatchtheattentionofteenagersthespecialpacketswarnoflong-termmedicaldangerslikecancer.Short-termeffectslikebadskinarealsoonthelist.Thetruefactofsmokingisdiseasedeathandhorror.ThatisthemessageweshouldsendtotheyoungsaidDavidByrneanEUhealthofficial.Hopefullythesepictureswillshockstudentsoutoftheirloveforcigarettes.TheEUheadofficehopedthepictureswouldworkbetterthancurrentwrittenwarningsonpacksofcigarettes.Thewarningincludedsmokingkillsandsmokingcanleadtoaslowandpainfuldeath.SofarIrelandandBelgiumhaveshowninterestinthephotos.Canadahasusedsimilarpicturesandwarningsoncigarettepackssince2000.Thecountryhasrecentlyseenafallinthenumberofsmokers.AccordingtostudiessmokingisthesinglebiggestcauseofavoidabledeathinEU.Everyyearmorethan650000smokersdiemorethanonepersonaminutE.20.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NewWaystoStopSmoking.B.PicturestoShockSmokers.C.NewPackersofCigarettes.D.DangersofSmoking.21.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthetruefaceofsmoking?A.DiseasE.B.Death.C.Horror.D.HappinesE.22.Wecanlearnfromthetestthat_______.A.TheEUcountrieshaveputthenewwarningmethodintopracticeB.onlyasmallnumberoftheEUcountrieshaveusedthenewwarningmethodC.thenewwarningmethodhasworkedinsomeEUcountriesD.countriesintheEUstillusetheoldwarningmethod23.Whichcountryismostsuccessfulinstoppingsmoking?A.IrelanD.B.Belgium.C.CanadA.D.EU24.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphsuggeststhat________.A.It’shardtostopsmokinginEUB.deathscausedbysmokingcouldhavebeenavoidedC.smokingisthebiggestcauseofdeathsinEUD.EUhasthelargestnumberofdeathscausedbysmoking
Bacteria细菌areextremelysmalllivingthings.Whilewemeasureourownsizesininchesorcentimetersbacterialsizeismeasuredinmicron.Onemicronisathousandthofamillimeter;apinheadisaboutamillimeteracrossRod-shapedbacteriaareusuallyfromtwotofourmicronslongwhileroundedonesaregenerallyonemicronacross.Thusifyoumagnifiedaroundedbacteriumathousandtimesitwouldbejustthesizeofapinheadwhileagrown-uphumanenlargedbythesameamountwouldbeoveramiletall.Evenwithanordinarymicroscope显微镜youmustlookcloselytoseebacteriA.Usingamagnificationof100timesonecanhardlyfindbacteriA.Norcanonemakeoutanythingoftheirstructure结构ofcoursE.Onlybyusingspecialcolorscanoneseethatsomebacteriahavewavy-lookinghairscalledflagellA.Othershaveonlyoneflagellum.Theflagellamoveroundacentralpointpushingthebacteriathroughthewater.Manybacterialackflagellaandcannotmoveaboutbytheirownpowerwhileotherscanmovealongoversurfacebysomelittle-understoodmachinery.Fromthebacterialpointofviewtheworldisaverydifferentplacefromwhatitistohumans.Toabacteriumwaterisasthickasmolasses糖浆istous.Bacteriaaresosmallthattheyareaffectedbythemovementsofthechemicalmolecules分子aroundthem.Bacteriaundermicroscopeseventhosewithnoflagellaoftenjumpupanddowninthewater.Thisisbecausetheyknockwiththewatermoleculesandarepushedthiswayandthat.36.Theunderlinedwordmagnifiedmeans_______________.A.enlargedB.widenedC.killedD.caught37.Weknowfromthepassagethat_______________isthesmallest.A.apinheadB.aroundedbacteriumC.amicroscopeD.arod-shapedbacterium38.Therelationshipbetweenabacteriumanditsflagellaismostnearlylikewhichofthefollowing?A.A.riderjumpingonahorsebackB.A.ballbeinghitbyabetC.A.boatpoweredbyamotorD.A.doorclosedbywind39.Whydoesthewritercompareswatertomolassesinthethirdparagraph?A.Totellushowdifficultitisforbacteriatomovethroughwater.B.Tosuggestthatbacteriaarefondofdifferentliquids.C.Toshowdifferentchemicalsareofdifferentstructures.D.Toshowthatbacteriaarethebestswimmers.40.Whichofthefollowingisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Thecharacteristic特点ofbacteriA.B.HowbacteriareproducE.C.Thevariouspartsofabacterium’sbodyD.Howbacteriacausediseases.
IV阅读理解共20小题每小题2分共40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最佳选项Perhapsyoudonotknowitbutthereissomethingwonderfulatyourfingertips.Youcanmakepeoplehappierhealthierandmorehard-workingjustbytouchingtheirarmsorholdingtheirhands.Doctorssaythatbodycontact接触isakindofmedicinethatcanworkwonders.Whenpeoplearetouchedthequantityofhemoglobin血红蛋白—atypeofmatterthatproducestheredcolorinbloodincreasesgreatly.Thisresultsinmoreoxygen氧气reachingeverypartofthebodyandthewholebodybenefits.Inexperimentsbottle-fedbabymonkeyswereseparatedfromtheirmothersforthefirsttendaysoflifE.TheybecamesadandnegativE.Studiesshowedthebabymonkeysweremoreprobabletobecomeillthanotherbabiesthatwereallowedtostaywiththeirmothers.Humanbabiesreact反应inmuchthesameway.Someyearsagoascientistnoticedthatsomewell-fedbabiesinacleannursery托儿所becameweak.Yetbabiesinanothernurseryweregrowinghealthilyeventhoughtheyatelesswellandwerenotkeptasclean.Thereasonheconcludedwasthattheyoftenhadtouchesfromnurses.ExperimentsshowthatmostpeoplelikebeingtoucheD.Andnearlyalldoctorsbelievetouchhelpstoreducepatients'fearoftreatment.OfcoursethereistimewhenatouchisnotwelcomE.Butevenifwedon’tlikebeingtouchedasmilecanmakeusfeelbetter.Smilingincreasesbloodflowandstartstheproductionofhappybrainchemicals.Solet’shaveabigsmileanddon’tforgettokeepintouch.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Peoplemaynotunderstandtheimportanceoftouching.B.Peoplemayworkharderbecauseofbodycontact.C.Yourfingertipscandosomethingwonderful.D.Everyoneknowsthatbodycontactcanmakepeoplehappier.2.Accordingtothepassage______.A.notallthepeoplelikebeingtouchedB.touchesfromdoctorsandnurseshavenothingtodowithtreatmentC.new-bornbabymonkeysshouldstayawayfromtheirmothersD.humanbrainsneedoxygenandbloodsupplynowandthen3.Thewordbenefitsinthesecondparagraphprobablymeans______.A.tobeusefulorhelpfulB.togetsomethingusefulorhelpfulC.tobeillD.tobehurt4.Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe______.A.WhyPeopleTouchB.SmileandTouchC.WondersofTouchD.TouchorNot
Areyousometimesalittletiredandsleepyintheearlyafternoon?Manypeoplefeelthiswayafterlunch.Theymaythinkthateatinglunchisthecauseofthesleepiness.Orinsummertheymaythinkitistheheat.Howevertherealreasonliesinsidetheirbodies.Atthattime–abouteighthoursafteryouwakeup–yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.Thisiswhatmakesyouslowdownandfeelsleepy.Scientistshavetestedsleephabitsinexperimentswheretherewasnonightorday.Thepeopleintheseexperimentsalmostalwaysfollowedasimilarsleepingpattern.Theysleptforonelongperiodandthenforoneshortperiodabouteighthourslater.Inmanypartsoftheworldpeopletakenaps小睡inthemiddleoftheday.Thisisespeciallytrueinwarmerclimates气候wheretheheatmakesworkdifficultintheearlyafternoon.ResearchersarenowsayingthatnapsaregoodforeveryoneinanyclimatE.A.dailynapgivesoneamorerestedbodyandmindandthereforeisgoodforhealthingeneral.Incountrieswherenapsaretraditional传统的peopleoftensufferlessfromproblemsuchasheartdiseasE.Manyworkingpeopleunfortunatelyhavenotimetotakenaps.Thoughdoctorsmayadvisetakingnapsemployersdonotallowit!Ifyoudohavethechancehoweverhereareafewtipsaboutmakingthemostofyournap.Rememberthatthebesttimetotakeanapisabouteighthoursafteryougetup.A.shortsleeptoolateinthedaymayonlymakeyoufeelmoretiredandsleepyafterwarD.Thiscanalsohappenifyousleepfortoolong.Ifyoudonothaveenoughtimetryashortnap–eventenminutesofsleepcanbehelpful.Whydopeoplefeelsleepyintheearlyafternoonaccordingtothetext?A.Theyeattoomuchforlunch.B.Theysleeptoolittleatnight.C.Theirbodytemperaturebecomeslower.D.Theweatherbecomesalotwarmer.Ifyougetupat6:30amwhatisthebesttimeforyoutotakeanao?A.About12:30pm.B.About1:30pm.C.About2:30pmD.About3:30pmWhatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.JustforaRestB.AllforaNapC.A.SpecialSleepPattern.D.TakingNapsinWarmerClimatE.
Sincewearesocialbeingsthequalityofourlivesdependsinlargemeasureonourinterpersonalrelationships.Onestrengthofthehumanconditionsisourpossibilitytogiveandreceivesupportfromoneanotherunderstressful有压力的conditions.Socialsupportmakesupoftheexchangeofresourcesamongpeoplebasedontheirinterpersonalties.Thoseofuswithstrongsupportsystemsappearbetterabletodealwithmajorlifechangesanddailyproblems.Peoplewithstrongsocialtieslivelongerandhavebetterhealththanthosewithoutsuchties.Studiesovertypesofillnessesfromdepressiontoheartdiseaseshowthatthepresenceofsocialsupporthelpspeopledefendthemselvesagainstillnessandtheabsenceofsuchsupportmakespoorhealthmorelikely.Socialsupportcushionsstressinanumberofways.Firstfriendsrelativesandco-workersmayletusknowthattheyvalueus.Ourself-respectisstrengthenedwhenwefeelacceptedbyothersinspiteofourfaultsanddifficulties.Secondotherpeopleoftenprovideuswithinformationalsupport.Theyhelpustodefineandunderstandourproblemsandfindsolutionstothem.ThirdwetypicallyfindsocialcompanionshipsupportivE.Takingpartinfree-timeactivitieswithothershelpsustomeetoursocialneedswhileatthesametimedistracting转移注意力usfromourworriesandtroubles.Finallyotherpeoplemaygiveusinstrumentalsupport—moneyaidmaterialresourcesandneededservices—thatreducesstressbyhelpingusresolveanddealwithourproblems.Interpersonalrelationshipsareimportantbecausetheycan_______.A.makepeoplelivemoreeasilyB.smoothawaydailyproblemsC.dealwithlifechangesD.curetypesofillnessesTheresearchesshowthatpeople'sphysicalandmentalhealth_______.A.liesinthesocialmedicalcaresystemswhichsupportthemB.hasmuchtodowiththeamountofsupporttheygetfromothersC.dependsontheirabilitytodealwithdailyworriesandtroublesD.isrelatedtotheircouragefordealingwithmajorlifechangesWhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordcushions?A.takesplaceofB.makesupofC.lessenstheeffectofD.getsridofHelpingasickneighborwithsomerepairworkinsparetimeisanexampleof_______.A.instrumentalsupportB.informationalsupportC.socialcompanionshipD.thestrengtheningofself-respectWhatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?A.Interpersonalrelationships.B.Kindsofsocialsupport.C.Waystodealwithstress.D.Effectsofstressfulconditions.
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