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Summer Cultural Exploration in France The Summer Cultural Exploration program in Amboise...
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高中英语《湖北省孝感高级中学2014届高三上学期期末考试试卷 试题及答案》真题及答案
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We’vereachedastrange--somewouldsayunusual--point.WhilefightingworldhungercontinuestobethematterofvitalimportanceaccordingtoarecentreportfromtheWorldHealthOrganizationWHOmorepeoplenowdiefrombeingoverweightorsayfrombeingextremelyfatthanfrombeingunderweight.It’sthegoodlifethat’smorelikelytokillusthesedays.Worsenearlyl8millionchildrenundertheageoffivearoundtheworldareestimatedtobeoverweight.What’sgoingon?Wereallydon’thavemanyexcusesforourweightproblems.Thedangersoftheproblemhavebeendrilledintousbypublic-healthcampaignssince2001andthemessageisgettingthrough--uptoapoint.Inthe1970sFinlandforexamplehadthehighestrateofheartdiseaseintheworldandbeingoverweightwasitsmaincausE.NotanymorE.A.public-healthcampaignhasgreatlyreducedthenumberofheartdiseasedeathsby80percentoverthepastthreedecades.MaybethatexplainswhythepercentageofpeopleinFinlandtakingdietpillsdoubledbetween2001and2005anddoctorsevenoffersurgeryofremovingfatinsideandchangetheshapeofthebody.Thathasbecomeasortoffashion.Nowonderitranksastheworld’smostbody-consciouscountry.Weknowwhatweshouldbedoingtoloseweight--butactuallydoingitisanothermatter.ByfarthemostpopularexcuseisnottakingenoughexercisE.Morethanhalfofusadmitwelackwillpower.OthersblamegoodfooD.Theysay:it’sjusttooinvitinganditmakesthemovereat.StillotherslaytheblameontheAmericanscomplainingthatpoundshavepiledonthankstoeatingtoomuchAmerican-stylefastfooD.Somealsoblametheirparents--theirgenes.Butunfortunatelytheparentsarewrongedbecausethey’renormalinshapeorratherslim.It’sasimilarstoryaroundtheworldalthoughpeoplearerelativelyunlikelytohavetriedtoloseweight.Parentsareeagertoseetheirkidsshapeup.DoasIsay--notasIdo.36.Whatisthestrangepointmentionedinthefirstsentence?A.ThegoodlifeisagreaterriskthanthebadlifE.B.Starvationistakingmorepeople’slivesintheworlD.C.WHOreportshowspeople’sunawarenessoffoodsafety.D.OverweightissueremainsunresolveddespiteWHO’sefforts.37.Whydoestheauthorthinkthatpeoplehavenoexcuseforbeingoverweight?A.A.lotofeffectivedietpillsareavailablE.B.BodyimagehasnothingtodowithgoodfooD.C.Theyhavebeenmadefullyawareofitsdangers.D.TherearetoomanyoverweightpeopleintheworlD.38.TheexampleofFinlandisusedtoillustrate________.A.thecauseofheartdiseaseB.theeffectivenessofacampaignC.thefashionofbodyshapingD.thehistoryofabody-consciouscountry39.Accordingtothelastparagraphparents________.A.alwayssetagoodexampletotheirchildrenB.arehardlyasoverweightastheirchildrenC.hopetobeashealthyastheirownchildrenD.rarelytakeactiontoloseweightthemselves40.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ActionsorExcuses?B.OverweightorUnderweight?C.WHOinaDilemmaD.NoLongerDyingofHunger
SittinginthefrontrowinhercollegeclassescarefullytakingnotesNolaOchsisjustaslikelytoanswerquestionsastoaskthem.That’snottheonlythingmarkingherofffromherclassmatesatFortHaysStateUniversity.She’s95andwhenshegraduatesonMay12thit'sbelievedshe'llbecometheworld'soldestpersontobeawardedacollegedegreE.Shedidn'tplanitthatway.ShejustlovedtolearnasateenageronaHodgemanCountyfarmthenasateacherataone-roomschoolaftergraduatingfromhighschoolandlaterasafarmwifeandmother.EvenasIgrewolderthatenthusiasmforstudywasstilltherE.IcameherewithnothoughtofitbeinganunusualthingatallshesaiD.She'sgettingoffersfortelevisionappearancesandreportersshowupwantingtointerviewher.Shesayssheenjoysit.ItbringsattentiontothiscollegeandthispartofthestatE.SheaddedIdon'tthinkmuchofmyagE.ItmightlimitwhatIcando.AslongasIhavemymindandhealthit'sjustanumber.OchsstartedtakingclassesatDodgeCityCommunityCollegeafterherhusbanddiedin1972.AftertakingaclasshereandthereovertheyearsshewasclosetohavingenoughhoursforanundergraduatedegreE.At5-foot-2herwhitehairpulledintoabun圆形发髻shewalksenergeticallydownhallwaystoclasseswithherbooksinabighandbag.Studentsnodandsmile;she'sdescribedaswitty睿智的charminganddown-to-earth.EverybodyhasacceptedmeandIfeeljustlikeanotherstudentshesaiD.ThestudentsrespectmE.AnaddedjoyforOchsisthather21-year-oldgranddaughterAlexandraOchswillgraduatewithher.JustlikeanyothereagercollegegraduatetheelderOchscan'twaitforlife’snextchallengE.I’mgoingtoseekemploymentonacruiseshipasastorytellershesaidsmiling.Thedeterminedlookinhereyeleavesnodoubt.She’sserious.41.ThefirstparagraphmainlytellsusthatNolaOchsis______.A.hard-workingB.successfulC.differentD.energetic42.FromtheunderlinedsentenceShedidn'tplanitthatwayweknowthatNolaOchsdidn't______.A.meantobecometheoldestcollegegraduateB.wanttostoplearningasayounggirlC.plantobeafarmwifeandmotherD.reallyenjoylearningatsuchanoldage43.What'sNolaOchs'attitudetowardsherage?A.Shefeelssadaboutit.B.Sheisproudofit.C.Shetriestofightagainstit.D.Shepayslittleattentiontoit.44.InthepassagenothingissaidaboutOchs'______.A.educationalexperienceB.relationshipwithothersC.majorsubjectD.physicalappearance
Sparrowisafast-foodchainwith200restaurants.SomeyearsagothegrouptowhichSparrowbelongedwastakenoverbyanothercompany.AlthoughSparrowshowednosignofdecliningthechainwasgenerallyinanunhealthystatE.Withmoreandmorefast-foodconceptsreachingthemarkettheSparrowmenuhadtostruggleforattention.AndtomakemattersworseitsnewownerhadnoplanstogiveitthefundsitrequireD.Sparrowfailedtogrowforanothertwoyears.UntilanewCEOCarlPearsondecidedtobuildupitsmarketsharE.HedidasurveywhichshowedthatconsumerswhoalreadyusedSparrowrestaurantswereextremelypositiveaboutthechainwhilecustomersofotherfast-foodchainswereunwillingtoturnawayfromthem.Sparrowhadtodevelopanewpromotionalcampaign.PearsonfacedabattleoverthefutureoftheSparrowbranD.Thechain’sownernowfavoredrebrandingSparrowasMarcy’srestaurants.PearsonresistedarguingforanadvertisingcampaigndesignedtoconvincecustomersthatvisitstoSparrowrestaurantswerefun.SuchanattempttoestablishapositiverelationshipbetweenacompanyandthegeneralpublicwasunusualforthattimE.Pearsonstronglybelievedthatnumberswerethekeytosuccessratherthancustomers’speedingpower.FinallytheowneracceptedhisideA.Thecampaignitselfchangedthetraditionaladvertisingstyleofthefast-foodindustry.TheTVadsofSparrowfocusedonentertainmentandfeaturedoriginalsongsperformedbyavarietyofstars.InsteadofshowingthesuperiorityofaspecificproducttheintensionwastoputSparrowintheheartsofpotentialcustomers.PearsonalsomadeotherdecisionswhichhebelievedwouldcontributetothenewSparrowimagE.Forexampleheofferedtolowertherentofanyrestaurantswhichachievedacertainincreaseintheirturnover营业额.TheseeffortspaidoffandSparrowsoonbecameoneofthemostsuccessfulfast-foodchainsintheregionswhereitoperateD.41.WhichwasoneoftheproblemsSparrowfacedbeforePearsonbecameCEO?A.ThenumberofitscustomerswasdecliningB.ItscustomersfoundthefoodunhealthyC.ItwasinneedoffinancialsupportD.Mostofitsrestaurantswereclosed42.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordtheminParagraph2referto?A.customersofSparrowrestaurantsB.SparrowrestaurantsC.customersofotherfast-foodchainsD.otherfast-foodchains43.ForwhatpurposedidPearsonstarttheadvertisingcampaign?A.TobuildagoodrelationshipwiththepublicB.TostresstheunusualtraditionofSparrowC.Tolearnaboutcustomers’spendingpower.D.TomeetthechallengefromMarcy’srestaurants.44.TheTVadsofSparrow________.A.changedpeople’sviewsonpopstarsB.amusedthepublicwithoriginalsongsC.focusedonthesuperiorityofitsproductsD.influencedtheeatinghabitsoftheaudience45.WhatwasPearson’sachievementasaCEO?A.HemanagedtopayoffSparrow’sdebts.B.HemadeSparrowmuchmorecompetitiveC.HehelpedSparrowtakeoveracompanyD.HeimprovedthewelfareofSparrowemployees
Yawningsendsoutcertainmessages-eitherOhthismovieissoboringorIprobablyneedtogetsomesleep.Butdidyouknowthatayawncanalsohelpyourbraintocooldownwhenitisoverheated?AnewstudyledbyaresearchteamatPrincetonUniversityhasindicatedthatyawningcouldbethebrain’snaturalwayofregulatingtemperaturE.PeopleyawnmoreoftenwhenthetemperatureoutdoorsislowerthantheirbodytemperaturebutarelesslikelytoyawnwhenitishotteroutdoorsaccordingtoSciencedaily.com.Theresearchteamdidanexperimenton160people80insummerand80inwintertoexaminehowoftentheyyawnedatdifferentairtemperatures.Thestudyfoundthatpeopleyawnedmoreofteninwinterthaninsummer.Scientistssaythatwhentheairtemperatureisloweroutsidethebodythereisheatexchangebetweentheoverheatedbrainandthecoolair.Butwhentheairtemperatureishigherthanorequaltothebodypeoplearelesslikelytoyawnbecausethehotairtheybreatheinwillmakethebrainevenhotter.WhenpeopleyawntheirjawisalsostretchedwhichincreasesbloodflowandmayalsohelpcoolthebrainThestudyshowedthattheamountsomeoneyawnedcouldberelatedtotheamountoftimetheyspentoutsidE.ThelongertheyspentoutsideinsummerthelesstheyyawneD.Nearly40percentofparticipantsyawnedwithintheirfirstfiveminutesoutsidebutafterthatthepercentagewasreducedtolessthan10percent.Howevertheresultwastheoppositeinwinter.Thenumberofpeoplewhoyawnedincreasedwhentheyspentmorethanfiveminutesoutdoors.ButthechangewasonlyslightcomparedtosummertimE.AccordingtoGallupthisisthefirstreporttoshowthatyawningfrequencieschangedependingonseason.Thiscouldhelpustounderstandbetterthewayourbrainswork.ItmayalsohelpusunderstandthereasonwhyfrequentyawningcansometimesbeasignofbraindiseasE.47.Thepurposeoftheexperimentis______.A.toprovepeopleyawninwinterandinsummerequallyB.toindicatebraincanregulatetemperaturenaturallyC.tofindthefrequencyofpeople’syawningD.toshowtherealreasonwhypeopleyawn48.TheinformationwegetfromParagraphs5and6isthat______.A.longeroutdoorsummertimeresultsinmoreyawnsB.yawningfrequencychangeswithoutdoortimeC.yawningfrequencyincreaseswithoutdoortimeD.longeroutdoorwintertimeleadstofeweryawns49.Acorrdingtothetextpeopleyawnmoreoften______.A.whentheairtemperatureisloweroutsidethebodyB.whenthehotairbreathedinmakesthebrainhotterC.whentheairtemperatureishigherthanthebodyD.whentheairtemperatureisequaltothebody50.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.YawningIsA.SignofBrainDiseaseB.YawningCarriesSomeInformationC.YawningBenefitsYourBodyD.YawningCoolsYourBrain
Shoppingforclothesisnotthesameexperienceforamanasitisforawoman.A.mangoesshoppingbecauseheneedssomething.HispurposeissettledanddecidedinadvancE.Heknowswhathewantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.Allmensimplywalkintoashopandasktheassistantforwhattheywant.Iftheshophasitinstock有现货的thesalesmanpromptlyproducesitandthebusinessoftryingitonfollowsatoncE.Allbeingwellthedealcanbeandofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminuteswithhardlyanychatandtoeveryone'ssatisfaction.Foramanslightproblemsmaybeginwhentheshopdoesnothavewhathewantsordoesnothaveexactlywhathewants.InthatcasethesalesmanasthenameimpliestriestosellthecustomersomethingelseheoffersthenearesttothearticlerequireD.Nogoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstituteimpolitely;hedoessowithskill:Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwantsirbutwouldyouliketotryitforsize?IthappenstobethecoloryoumentioneD.Fewmenhavepatiencewiththistreatmentandtheusualresponseis:ThisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsizebutIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursbytryingiton.Nowhowdoesawomangoaboutbuyingclothes?Inalmosteveryrespectshedoessointheoppositeway.HershoppingisnotoftenbasedonneeD.Shehasneverfullymadeuphermindwhatshewantsandsheisonlyhavingalookround.Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesetsgreatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsherevenbywhatcompanionstellher.Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.Contrarytoalotofjokesmostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvaluewhentheybuyclothes.Theyarealwaysonthelookoutfortheunexpectedbargain.Facedwitharoomfulofdressesawomanmayeasilyspendanhourgoingfromonerailtoanothertoandfrooftenretracingherstepsbeforeselectingthedressesshewantstotryon.ItisalaboriousprocessbutapparentlyanenjoyableonE.Mostdressshopsprovidechairsforthewaitinghusbands.46.Theunderlinedsentencethepriceisasecondaryconsiderationinthefirstparagraphmeanswhenamanisshopping______.A.hebuysgoodqualitythingssolongastheyarenottoodearB.hebuyswhateverhelikeswithoutconsideringitsvalueC.hedoesnotmindhowmuchhehastopayfortherightthingsD.heoftenbuysthingswithoutgivingthematterproperthought.47.Whatdoesamandowhenhecannotgetexactlywhathewants?A.Hebuysasimilarthingbecauseofthecolorhewants.B.Heusuallydoesnotbuyanything.C.Atleasttwoofhisrequirementsmustbemetbeforehebuys.D.Solongasthestyleisrighthebuysthething.48.Whatisthemostobviousdifferencebetweenmenandwomenshoppers?A.Mendonottryclothesoninashopwhilewomendo.B.Womenbargainfortheirclothesbutmendonot.C.Thetimetheytakeoverbuyingclothes.D.Mengoshoppingbasedonneedbutwomennever.
LikemanyotherplacesintheworldrecentlyIndianaeducationofficialsdecidedthattheschoolsofthestatewillnotberequiredtoteachhandwritingskillstostudentsanylonger.InsteadtheywillfocustheirenergiesonteachingstudentshowtotypE.Ishandwritingstillanimportantskill?Anonlinesurveyreceivedsomesurprisingresponses.Handwritingisnotnecessary.StudentsonlyneedtoknowhowtoreaditandtheonlytimethattheymustwritesomethingistomakeasignaturE.Whystressthemmorethantheyneedtobestressed?Wealreadyputsomuchpressureonthemtoperformonstatetests.—RitaChildrendon’twritelettersnow.Theysende-mailsortextmessages.A.lotofthoseoldwaysaregoingaway.Howmanybillsdoyoupaybywritingacheckanymore?—BrownAlthoughmysonisnotcomfortablewithwritingIboughtaworkbookforhimtopracticehishandwriting.Canyouimaginebeinganadultandnotbeingabletosignadocument?—SusanWhatashame!Iguessonedayitwillbealostartbecausehandwritingisthatpersonalandbeautiful.Ithaspersonality—AnnaTheschoolwhereIworkeddroppedhandwritingseveralyearsago.UnlessthestudentshavecomputersinclasstheywillnotbeabletotakenotesathighspeeD.Ihavetospeakveryslowlyandstopafterasentenceortwobecausemanystudentswriteveryslowly.—HelenThesamethinghappenedhereinTennesseethispastyear.Ithinkit’sashamE.Ijustreceivedahandwrittenletterfrommystepmotheranditmeantthatshespenttimesittingandwriting.Suchaletterbroughtmeagoodfeeling.—KathyChildrenshouldstilllearnwritingforthesakeofhavingaskillthatallpeoplecancommunicatewith.Icertainlyappreciateahandwrittennoteofthanksornewsfrommychildrenandgrandchildren.—Ruth71.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.SomeadvicebyIndianaeducationofficials.B.Theimportanceoflearningtypinginschools.C.A.discussionabouttheimportanceofhandwriting.D.Thepopularityofcomputersinschools.72.WhatbothRitaandBrownhaveincommonisthattheybelieve.A.It’sdifficultforstudentstolearnwritingB.Inmanycaseshandwritingisuseless.C.HandwritinghascausedmanyproblemsD.Studentsshownointerestinhandwriting73.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.It’sofnouseforstudentstolearnwritingatschool.B.Susanvaluesherson’shandwritingverymuch.C.Handwritinghasalreadybecomealostart.D.Kathydoesn’tlikethetypedlettersfromothers.74.InKathy’sopinioninawayhandwriting.A.CouldworkasafeelingconnectionB.Washerstepmother’sfavoriteC.WascompletelydroppedinTennesseeD.Broughtmuchfuntoherfamily75.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TypinghadalreadyreplacedhandwritingworldwidE.B.Susan’ssoncannotwritehisownnamebyhanD.C.Ruthenjoyswritingtoherchildrenandgrandchildren.D.Handwritingcanmakeonedifferentfromothers.
WorkingatcampisagreatjourneythatnotonlycreateslifelongmemoriesforyourselfbutthechancetomakeaninfluenceonthelovesofchildrenwhoattendKidsCamp.Asasummercampprofessionalyouareateacherafriendandmostimportantlyarolemodel.Staff-membersensuretheOuryoungeststaffis18butmostareover20yearsoldwedesireastaffwithastronginterestinchildrenandjob-relatedexperienceEachtenthassixcampersandtwostaffmembersWerunanexcitingrangeofactivitiesandprogramssuchasAthleticsArtsBasketballComputersFieldGamesFun&GamesGardeningHikingHigh\LowRopesCourseNatureEducation.GreatReasonstoBecomeaCampProfessionalMeetenergeticwarm-heartedstafffromaroundtheworldGainmeaningfulleadershipexperienceSingcrazysongsandwearfunnycostumesA.positivechallengeyouwillrememberintherestofyourlifeMakeadifferencetothelifeofachildStaffNeedsLifeguards—RedCrosscertifiedpreferablyholdingacurrentWSIcertificationHighRopesStaff—training/certificationfromanationallyrecognizedorganizationFun&Games-leadnon-competitiveathleticgamesJuggler/Clown-teachcircusskillsArchery-withcertificationfromanationallyrecognizedcourseNature/Garden-withstrongknowledgeorinterestinnaturalwildlifeandgardeningDaveMeizelsCampDirectorE.-mail:demeizels@channe12kidscamp.orgTel:860-742-2267ContactDaveifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutour-applicationprocess.63.What'sthemainideaofthetext?'A.VariousactivitiesofKidsCamp.B.BenefitsofworkingatKidsCamp.C.HowtosignupforKidsCamp.D.EmployingstaffforKidsCamp.64.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutkidsCamp?A.Itonlyoffersjobstoover20-year-oldstaffB.ItorganizesmuchtrainingfornewstaffC.Itshouldberesponsibleforcampers'safety.D.Itallowseachtenttohavemorestaffmembers.65.TherearemanybenefitsofbeingacampprofessionalEXCEPT_______.A.comingacrosslotsoffriendlypeopleB.helpingyoubecomeanexcellentleaderC.supplyingyouwithlifelongmemoriesD.havingagoodinfluenceonkids'lives66.AccordingtothetextwecanknowthatA.campstaffareregardedasrolemodelsbycampersB.staffhavetowearfunnycostumestoworkC.HighRopesStaffneedsstaff-whohavecircusskillsD.peoplecangetfurtherinformationbye-mailorphone
DearDeanItismyunderstandingthatthiscollegehasreceivedalargedonationtobeusedtoimprovethequalityoflifeforstudents:expandthebookstoreoraddcomputerstothelaB.Istronglyargueinfavoroftheadditionofmorecomputers.Wehavetothinkaboutagreatergoalandamorepracticalwaytoenhancethequalityoflifeforstudents.DowewantourcollegetobeknownasaplacewithagreatbookstorewhereyoucanfindCDsandgiftsorasaplacewherethestudentscanresearchintheirfieldusingthebesttoolsprovidedbytechnology?Asalearninginstitutionthiscollegehastheresponsibilitytoofferitsstudentsthebesttechnologytohelpthempreparefortheirfuturesincemanystudentswillbeexpectedtobefamiliarwiththelatestsoftwareandothertoolswhentheygoontowork.Whiletheyareincollegestudentsfindtheyareexpectedtousecomputers.TheyareaskedtocreatePowerPointpresentationsandresearchmanytopicsontheInternet.BeingabletodoprojectsusingthecomputeralsogivesstudentstheopportunitytofindinformationthatwithoutacomputerwouldbemuchmoredifficulttofinD.SincestudentsarecompetingforgoodgradesthosewhohavelimitedaccesstocomputersareatagreatdisadvantagE.Iftherearemorenewandfastercomputersaccessiblestudentswillbeabletocompletetheirworkmoreefficiently.Nomorewilltheyhavetowaitinlinepaperanddiskinhandwhilescanningtheroomforanemptychairandcomputer.Nolongerwilltheyhavetositandwaitwhileanoutdatedcomputerstrugglestofollowtheircommands.Themorecomputersareusedinsocietythemorecollegeswilldependonthemasatoolofteachingandlearning.Makingcomputersmoreaccessibletostudentsfacilitatestheirlearningprocessbymakingitmucheasierandmoreengaging专注andeventuallyimprovestheirqualityoflifE.68.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassageis________.A.toexplainwhystudentsareingreatneedofcomputersB.totelluswhatbenefitsstudentscangainfromcomputersC.topersuadetheDeantopurchasemoreadvancedcomputersD.todescribetheproblemscausedbylackofcomputers69.Theauthormainlywantstotellusinparagraphfourthat________.A.computersarebeneficialtostudents’academicsuccessB.computersaretheonlyaccesstogoodgradesforstudentsC.studentsfinditconvenienttodohomeworkbycomputersD.studentswishtousemoremoneytobuymorecomputers70.Theunderlinedwordfacilitatescanbereplacedby________.A.furthersB.equipsC.predictsD.troubles71.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?A.B.CD.CP:CentralpointP:PointSP:Sub-point次要点C:Conclusion
Newresearchfindsalinkbetweenpovertyandpoordecisionmaking.Thefindingsmayexplainwhypoorpeoplesometimesmakebadchoicesthatcontinuetheirhardship.Earlierstudieshavefoundthepoorlesslikelytoescapepoverty.Buttherehasbeenlittleresearchonwhythepoormakedecisionsthatmaketheirlivesharder.Untilrecentlyitwaseconomistswhostudiedpovertynotpsychologists.EldarShafirapsychologistinPrincetonUniversitysaysnowscientistsfrombothfieldsworktogether.Mr.Shafirandhisteamdidtwoexperiments.OnetookplaceatashoppingcenterinNewJersey.AnotherwascarriedoutamongsugarcanefarmersinruralIndiA.TheNewJerseyexperimentinvolvedindividualswithlowpayingjobsandothersbelongedtothemiddleclass.Allthevolunteerswereaskedwhattheywoulddoiftheircarsneededrepairs.Thevolunteersweregiventwoimaginarysituations.Inthefirstthecarrepairscost$150.Inthesecond$1500.Andwhatwefoundisthatthepoorandtherichperformedequallywellonalmostallthetests.Notsowhentheresearchersraisedtherepaircoststo$1500.NowthepoorperformedsignificantlyworsE.Thepoorerlostabout13IQpointsonaveragE.Thisisaboutthelossexperiencedwhenapersonhasnotsleptforonenight.Thescientiststhenwonderedifthesamepersonreacteddifferentlywhenhewasrichandwhenhewaspoor.TheIndiansugarcanefarmersearnmostoftheirmoneyonceayearwhentheharvestcomesin.Butthemoneyoftendoesnotlastthroughtheyear.Sotheyfindthemselvesbasicallyrichaftertheharvestwhentheincomecomesinandpoorjustbeforetheharvest.TheresearchersgavethemtestssimilartotheonestakenbythepeopleinNewJersey.TheytestedtheIndianfarmersbeforetheharvestandafter.Andtheresultsweremuchthesameaswiththemallshoppers.Theyperformedmuchmoreslowlyandwithmanymoremistakeswhentheywerepoorerthanwhentheywerericher.Mr.Shafirsaystheresultssupport50yearsofresearchthatshowsallhumanshavelimitedmentalpowertodealwiththingsinlifE.AndsotheinsighthereisthathavingnotenoughofsomethinginawaymakesithardertomakegooddecisionsforeverythingelsE.61.Whatistrueaboutearlierstudies?A.Theyweredonebyeconomistsandpsychologists.B.Theyfoundithardforpoorpeopletobecomerich.C.Theyexplainedwhypoorpeoplemadepoordecisions.D.Theyshowedthepoorpeoplecaredlessabouttheirhealth.62.InthefirstexperimentthepoorperformedworsebecauseA.theyhadnotsleptforonenightB.itwasjustanimaginarysituationC.theincreasedpriceaffectedtheirdecisionD.theydidn'ttakethesecondsituationseriously63.TheIndiansugarcanefarmersA.aresmarterwhentheyarepoorB.earnmoneyallthroughtheyearC.earnlotsofmoneysotheythinktheyarerichD.feelrichaftertheharvestandpoorbeforeharvest64.Whatdothetwoexperimentshaveincommon?A.Theygotsimilarfindings.B.Theywerecarriedoutintheruralareas.C.Theywerecarriedoutbyeconomistsonly.D.TheychosetwogroupsofpeoplewithdifferentincomE.65.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Oncepooralwayspoor?B.Whyarepoorpeoplepoorer?C.Povertyweakensbrainpower.D.Differentexperimentsdifferentfindings.
OfallthefamousEnglishwritersprobablythebestknownisWilliamShakespearE.HewasborninStratford-upon-Avonin1564onAprilthe23rD.HisfatherwasanimportantmanintownsoShakespearehadagoodupbringing.Shakespeareprobablywenttoschoolalthoughnorecordssurvivetoprovethisbutnotuniversity.Hegotmarriedwhenhewas18toAnneHathawayandthecouplehad3children.Shakespearewrote38playsand154sonnetsasonnetisakindofpoem.HebeganworkinginhishometownofStratfordbutby1592waswritinginLondon.HebecamerichenoughtobuyahouseinthecapitalandoneinStratforD.HewrotesadstoriescalledtragedieslikeRomeoandJulietfunnystoriesorcomediesromanticstoriesandstoriesabouthistoricalfiguressuchasJuliusCaesar.Shakespearediedonhisbirthdayin1616almost400yearsago.Butwhyishisworkstillpopulartoday?HisworklookedatcommonhumanthemessuchasbetrayalmurderlustpowerambitionandlovE.ThesethemesareasmuchapartofhumannaturetodayastheywereallthoseyearsagoandarethethemesweseeinmodernsoapoperasandHollywoodfilms.EventhoughhistheatreTheGlobeburneddownin1613itwasrebuiltinLondonin1997andyoucanstillseehisplaysperformedtheretoday.Shakespeare'sinfluenceontheEnglishlanguagecanstillbefelttoday.WetalkaboutfairplaymeaninghonestbehaviourbutthisphrasewasfirstusedbyShakespearE.Hecoinedthephraseyoucanhavetoomuchofagoodthing.AnditwasShakespearewhocameupwiththeexpressiontodisappearintothinairwhichwestillusetodaywhenwelosesomething.Shakespeare’sworkhasbeentranslatedintoeverymajorlanguageintheworlD.Andperhapswe'llstillbeasfascinatedbyhiswork400yearsfromnowaswe'vebeenforthelast400.56.WhatcanbelearntaboutShakespearefromParagraph1?A.HewrotemoreEnglishstoriesthanotherwriters.B.HisfatherwastherichestinEnglandatthetimE.C.Hedidn’tgotocollegebecausehemarriedearly.D.Hewastakengoodcareofwhenhewasyoung.57.HowoldwasShakespearewhenhedied?A.18.B.28.C.49.D.52.58.WhatdoweknowaboutShakespeare’swork?A.Itcoversdifferentthemes.B.ItmainlytalksaboutlovE.C.ItisonlyshowninhistheatrE.D.It’sonlyaboutthelifeinLondon.59.Whydoesthepassagetalkaboutthephrasefairplay?A.TotellreadersShakespeareisanhonestman.B.ToshowShakespeare’sinfluenceonEnglish.C.Toencouragepeopletoinventmorephrases.D.ToletreadersfeelthebeautyofShakespearE.60.WhatdoesthelastparagraphwanttotellusaboutShakespeare’swork?A.IthasbeenputintoeverylanguagE.B.ItwillbestillpopularinfuturE.C.ItwillnolongerbetranslateD.D.Itwasnotsopopularastoday.
Thereissomeunwelcomenewsforstudentspreparingforexamsandofficersputtinginlonghours-----youdon'tneedthebreakasmuchasyoumaythinkthatmakesyoufeellesstireD.Scientistshavelongassumedthatwillpower意志力isalimitedresourcewhichiswhyyoufeeltheneedtohavearesthaveasnackandcomebacktoataskwhenyou'refeelingbetter.Theyarguedthattheonlywaytorestorewillpowerwasbyrestfoodorentertainment.ButpsychologistshavechallengedthistheorysayingweakwillpowerisallinyourheaD.Theyfoundthatpeople'sbeliefsinwillpowerdeterminehowlongandhowwellthey'llbeabletoworkonatoughmentalexercisE.Ifyouthinkofwillpowerassomethingthat'slimitedyou'remorelikelytobetiredwhenyouperformadifficulttasksaidProf.VeronikaJoB.'Butifyouthinkofwillpowerassomethingthatisnoteasilyusedupyoucangoonandon.Theresearchersdesignedfourexperimentstoteststudents'-beliefsinwillpower.Afteratiringtaskthosewhobelievedorwereledtobelievethatwillpowerisalimitedresourceperformedworseonstandardconcentrationteststhanthosewhothoughtofwillpowerassomethingtheyhadmorecontrolover.Theyalsofoundthatleadinguptofinalexamweekstudentswhobelievedthelimitedresourcetheoryatejunkfood24percentmoreoftenthanthosewhobelievedtheyhadmorecontrolinresistingtemptation__.Mr.JobsaiD.Thetheorythatwillpowerisalimitedresourceisinterestingbutithashadunintendedconsequences.Studentswhomayalreadyhavetroublestudyingarebeingtoldthattheirpowerofconcentrationislimitedandtheyneedtotakefrequentbreaks.Butabeliefinwillpowerasanon-limitedresourcemakespeoplestrongerintheirabilitytoworkthroughchallenges.'Thefindingscouldhelppeoplewhoarebattlingtemptation.Willpowerisn'tdrivenbyabiologicallybasedprocessasmuchasweusedtothink.Thebeliefinitiswhatinfluencesyourbehavior.66.Thetheorythatwillpowerislimitedsupportsthat_________.A.peoplemusteatsnackswhentheyfeeltiredB.peopledoneedabreaktorestoretheirwillpowerC.there’snowaytostrengthenpeople’swillpowerD.weakwillpowerdoesn’taffectpeople’slifemuch67.Whathavethescientistslongbelievedregardingwillpower?A.ItisinthechargeofpeoplE.B.ItisalimitedresourcE.C.Thereisnowaytorestorewillpower.D.Itdoesn’teasilyrunout.68.Whichofthefollowingbesthelpsthestudentstopreparebetterfortheirexams?A.Pushthemselveseveniftheywanttotakeabreak.B.Don’teatfastfoodwhilestudying.C.RemindthemselveswillpowerisnotlimiteD.D.StayinacomfortableandquietplacE.69.ThefollowinggroupscanbenefitfromthefindingsexceptA.patientsfollowingstrictdietsB.childrenlikingtowatchTVC.smokerstryingtogiveupsmokingD.employeesfacinganewbutwell-paidtask70.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.A.newtheoryaboutwillpowerB.HowtobuildstrongwillpowerC.ThegreatinfluenceofwillpowerD.Willpowerdoesn’tlastlong
HavingspenttwoandahalfyearsinChinaoverseveralvisitsIdon’trememberevergoingthroughaphaseweintheUnitedStatescallculturalshock.ThisperiodofdifficultyinadjustingtoanewculturewouldprobablyhavesetinduringmysemesteratPekingUniversity.OfcoursethisisnottosaythatIdidn’tnoticeanydifferencesbetweentheAmericanandChineseculturesuponmyarrivalatPekingUniversityIdidnoticethedifferences.LookingbackIrememberoneofthefirstdifferencesInoticed:Chineseuniversitiesaresurroundedbywalls.ToanAmericanthisisoneofthemoststrikingaspectsofaChineseuniversitywhichimmediatelysetsitapartfromanAmericancampus.HavinggrownupintheUnitedStatesIhadneverseenauniversitysurroundedbyhighcement水泥walls.MyideaofauniversitybasedonhavingseenscoresofthemindifferentstatesoftheU.S.wasaplaceoflifeandlearninganinseparablepartofthecommunityinwhichitwaslocatedopennotonlytothestudentsoftheschoolitselfbutalsofullyaccessibletostudentsfromotherschoolsandtothebroaderpubliC.Myideaofauniversitywasthatitwasacenterofculturallifearesourcefortheentirecommunity.Inallmytwenty-oneyearsithadneveroccurredtomethataschoolwouldhaveawallaroundit.Wallsencloseandseparate;schoolsexpandandintegrate合并.TheveryideaseemedfundamentallyincompatiblE.IaskedaChinesefriendifallChineseuniversitieshavewallsaroundthem.YouknowIhaveneverreallythoughtaboutit.Iguessso.IguessallChineseschoolshavewallsaroundthemnotjustuniversities.Why?IaskedWhat’sthepoint?Idon’tknow.ToprotectusIsupposE.Fromwhom?Idon’tknow.Don’tyouhavewallsaroundyourschoolsintheUnitedStates?Ithoughtcarefullybeforeanswering.NoI’veneverseenorheardofauniversityencircledbyawall.MyChinesefriendseemedpuzzleD.WallsaroundschoolscametostrikemeasmorethanjustanarchitecturaldifferencebetweentheUnitedStatesandChinA.AsChinacontinuestoopenuptotheoutsideworldthesewallsseemincreasinglyoutofplacE.26.TheauthorfeltstrangeaboutChineseculturewhenhe___________.A.studiedinPekingUniversityB.talkedwithhisfriendsaboutthewallsC.experiencedtheculturalshockathisarrivalD.spenttwoandahalfyearsinChinaoverseveralvisits27.Intheauthor’sopinionauniversityisaplace___________.A.whereonlystudentscancometostudyB.whichissimilareverywhereintheworldC.thatshouldbesurroundedbyhighcementwallsD.thatisaninseparablepartofandaresourceforthecommunity28.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Thetwoideasarefundamental.B.Thetwoideasarebasicallydifferent.C.ThetwoideasaboutschoolandwallaresuitablE.D.Thetwoideasaboutschoolandwallareconflicting.29.Whatdidtheauthor’sfriendfeelaboutthewallsarounduniversities?A.Hethoughtitagoodideatohavewallsencirclingschools.B.HewasshockedthatAmericanuniversitiesarenotencloseD.C.Hethoughttheywerenecessarytoprotectstudentsfrombeinghurt.D.Hethoughtthedifferencebetweentwocountriesisonlyarchitecturalstyles.30.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthorthinks_____________.A.wallsarereallyusefulintheuniversitiesB.hecanneverreallyunderstandtheChinesecultureC.ChineseuniversitiesshouldworkaspublicscenicspotsD.wallsaroundtheuniversitiesareinappropriateinanopenChina
Militarytraininghaslongbeenconsideredaritual仪式thatfreshmenmustgothroughinordertoofficiallystarttheircollegelives.Whilesomequestionthenecessityofsuchtraining.ManystudentsseemilitarytrainingasacampustraditionthatshouldbemaintaineD.EarlyinFebruarytheMinistryofEducationissuedanewregulationthatcollegesanduniversitiesshouldcarryoutaminimumof14dayscompulsorymilitarytrainingforfreshmen.InareportbyBeijingEveningNewsHouZhengfangaBeijing-basededucationPhDquestionedthebenefitsofmilitarytraining.Thetrainingroutinedoeslittletoimprovestudents’physicalfitnessoveronlytwoweeks’timE.Maybesomedisasterpreventiontrainingsuchasearthquakesurvivalorescapingfromfireswouldbeofgreaterbenefit.MengYanga19-year-oldfreshmanatGuangxiUniversityfaintedduringtraining.ShesaidthatmanystudentsespeciallygirlsarewillingtotrainunderdirectsunshinE.Formemilitarytrainingisphysicallychallengingandevendamagesmyhealth.AccordingtoLiJianfromthestudentaffairsofficeofGuangzhouUniversityfeelingdizzyhappensfrequentlyduringmilitarytrainingandtheschoolhasreceivedalotofcomplaintsfrombothstudentsandparents:ButIstillthinkmilitarytrainingisagoodthing.Studentsareeasiertomanageafterthemilitarytraining.Theybecamemorepositiveabouttheirnewenvironmentafterthetraining.AlthoughautumnisfastapproachingBeijingthenoonheatburns3300freshmenonTsinghuaUniversity’scampus.ChuJinjingafreshmanmajoringinmedicinedidfeelsomediscomfortwhiletraininginsweatyclothesintheglaringheatthe18-year-oldstillenjoyedbeingpartofgroupgoingthroughstrictexercises.BygoingthroughthistoughtrainingstudentsbondfasterandasenseofbelongingtotheschoolcanbeformeD.I’vemadealotoffriendsalready.AccordingtotheMinistryofEducationthepurposeofmilitarytrainingistoteachstudentsdisciplinethespiritofteamworkandendurancE.ButinrealityaccordingtoXiongBingqideputydirectorofthe21stCenturyEducationResearchInstitutetheeffectisnotsatisfying.Suchgoalsrequirelong-termdevelopment.Itisunrealistictoexpectmilitarytrainingtomakeadifferenceinonly14days.Hethussuggeststhatitshouldbeuptoschoolstoconductmilitarytraininginawaythatbestsuitstheirstudents.HoweverWangWenhuian18-year-oldfreshmanfromXi’anJiaotongUniversityseesmilitarytrainingasatraditionthatreachesbeyondcharacterbuilding.Fromjuniorandseniorhighschooltocollegewejoinmilitarytrainingtostartanewjourney.Iwouldfeelabitincompletewithoutit.67.Howmanypeopleexpressingtheiropinionsarementionedinthispassage?A.4B.5C.6D.768.AccordingtoHouZhengfangitseemsmuchmorebeneficialtogivefreshmen_____________.A.survivalskillsB.militarytrainingC.thespiritofteamworkandenduranceD.strictexercises69.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsmilitarytraining?A.SupportiveB.SubjectiveC.ObjectiveD.Rejective70.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.APolicyMadebytheMinistryofEducationB.MilitaryTrainingunderFireC.ANewJourneyD.ABestWaytoTeachStudentsDiscipline
Beingorganizedisanimportantskillforschoolandlife.Whenyou’rewellorganizedyoucanstayfocusedinsteadofspendingtimehuntingthingsdownandfeelingconfused.Whatdoesitmeantobeorganized?Forschoolworkitmeanshavingonenotebookorplacewhereyoustoreallyourassignmentssoyouknowwhatyouhavetodoandwhen.Keepingclearlylabeledbinders活页夹andkeepingallyourschoolworkneatandinaspecificplace—thesearethemainpartsoforganization.Forhomestuffbeingorganizedmeanshavingaplacetoputyourthingsandputtingthembackwhenyoufinishusingthem.Itmeanshangingyourcoatupinsteadofdroppingitonthefloororthrowingitonachair.Itmeanskeepingyourschoolbagyourshoesandyourcleanunderwearinthesameplacessoyoualwaysknowwheretofindthem.Planningispartofbeingorganizedtoo.Planningmeansdecidingwhatyouwilldoandwhenyouwilldoit.Calendarslistsandschedulescanhelpyouplan.Youcanbuyordrawacalendarandkeepitnearyourworkplace.Makingascheduleorato-dolistforyourselfisagoodidea.Lookingatyourlisthelpsyoukeeptrackofwhatyouneedtodo.Addnewthingsasyougetassignmentsandcheckoffthingswhenyou’vedonethem.Useyourlisttohelpyoudecidewhichthingisthemostimportanttoworkonfirst.Ittakessomeextraeffortstoorganizeyourselfandyourstuff.Butonceyou’reorganizedyoufeelgreat.Thelesstimeyouspendhuntingaroundforthingsorpanickingabouthomeworkthemoretimeyouhaveforbetterthingslikereadingagoodbookorplaying.61.Accordingtothefirstparagraphbeingorganizedprobablymeans_____.A.lookingforsomethingwithothershereandthereB.doingsomethingaccordingtotheplanmadeaheadoftimeC.gettingtogethereverynowandthenD.tellingyouwhatyouhavetodoeveryday62.Ifyouarewellorganizedathomeyouwill_____.A.1eaveallthethingsasyouwillB.hangyourcoatonachairC.knowwhereyourcleanunderwearisD.askyourmomwhereyourshoesare63.Whichoneofthefollowingistherightorderofbeingorganized?a.Decidingwhatyouhavetodoandwhenb.Findinganotebookwhereyoucanwritedownyourto-dolist.c.Gettingridofthethingsthathavebeendoneinthelist.d.Makingato-do’’1istforyourself.A.badcB.adcbC.cbadD.dC.ba64.Wecaninferfromthispassagethat____.A.everyoneiswellorganizedintheschoolB.manypeopledon’tlikebeingorganizedathomeC.itisverytiringtomakeato-do’’listeverydayD.beingwellorganizedcansaveusalotoftime65.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?A.PlanningIsPartofBeingOrganizedB.AGoodBeginningIsHalfDoneC.BeingOrganized-anImportantSkillD.WhereThereIsaWillThereIsaWay
NelsonMandelaisrespectedandadmiredacrosstheworlD.AndtoSouthAfricansheisasuperstar.Heisaherowhoshockedtheworldbyfightingforpeacebetweenracesdespitethe27yearshespentintheprisonoftheSouthAfrica’swhiteracistregime政权Mandelawhowonthenation’sfirstall-raceelectionsafterthefallofapartheid种族隔离in1944retiredin1999.Butheremainsaspopularasever.He’slovedbyallpeoplewhetheryou’rewhiteorblackwhetheryou’reyoungoroldsaidAliBacherSouthAfrica’sformercricket板球chief.Hispopularityhasinspiredanentirenationalindustry.Hisportraithasappearedatmanyplacesincludingonsomegoods.HisfacehasappearedonaSouthAfricancoinametropolitan首都areawasnamedinhishonorandsomebusinessleadershopetobuildamassiverotatingstatueinhislikeness----theStatueofFreedom.ItwouldstandtallerthanNewYork’sStatueofLiberty.HispopularappealissimilartothatofJohnF.KennedywthUSorWinstonChurchillinBritainbutfewpoliticiansinhistimeshaveachievedhislevelofadmirationsaidTomLodgeheadofthepoliticalsciencedepartmentoftheUniversityoftheWitwatersranD.Sometimesitisn’tcompletelyappreciatedwhataskilledperformerMandelahasbeenthroughouthispoliticalcareer.HeisaveryveryclevermanHoweverheisfarfromperfect.MostarticlesforhisbirthdaywhichappearedineverymajorSouthAfricannewspaperonthedaybrieflymentionedthatMandeladidhavehisshortcomings.Thentheyreturnedtotheirflowingpraises.Throughtheagesthehumanracehashaditsicons偶像----menandwomenwhoroseaboveordinarypeopletoinspiretheirgenerationTheMailandGuardianWeeklysaiD.InourgenerationthegodspresentedusNelsonMandelA.56.NelsonMandelaislovedbyallthepeopleofSouthAfricabecause_____________.A.he’saspopularasKennedyandChurchillB.hespent27yearsinprisonC.he’sagreatfighteragainsttheracialismD.he’sthefirstall-raceelectionspresident57.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMandela’sportraitistrue?A.IthelpsdevelopbusinessB.ItappearsontheStatueofFreedomC.ItisusedtoraisemoneyfortheStatueofFreedomD.ItissimilartothatofJohnF.KennedyorWinstonChurchill58.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeans_____________A.MandelaisasgreatasagodB.WeareproudtoliveinMandela’stimeC.MandelalivestogetherwithusallD.WeareproudtoknowMandela59.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.MandelaisaveryskilledpoliticianB.MostarticlesspeciallystressedMandela’sshortcomings.C.TheStatueofFreedomisapresentforMandela’sbirthday.D.ThearticlemayhaveappearedinanewspaperonMandela’sbirthday.
IfyoutalktoamaninalanguageheunderstandsthatgoestohisheaD.Ifyoutalktohiminhisownlanguagethatgoestohisheart.－NelsonMandelaButlearningalanguagecanseemdaunting令人却步的soI’mgoingtoprovideanoverviewofthegeneralstrategybeforewegetintothespecifics.Hereisthebreakdown.We’llgomoreindepthintoeachoftheselateron.1.Gettherightresourcesforlearning:agrammarbookmemorizationsoftwareandfilmsorbooks.2.Getaprivatetutor.Youwantoneforatleastamonth.Irecommendfourhoursperday.3.AttempttospeakandthinkonlyinthenewlanguagE.Everytimeyoucan’trememberawordputthatwordintoyourmemorizationsoftwarE.Practiceyourvocabularydaily.4.FindfriendslanguagepartnersandotherspeakersofthelanguagE.Onceyoucanhavebasicconversationswithyourprivatetutoryouneedtofindotherpartners.Ifyouhaven’talreadythinkaboutmovingtothecountrywherethelanguageisspoken.Consideragroupclass.Practicecontinuously.StopspeakingEnglish.That’sthebasicstrategy.Againthisstrategyisintensivebecauselearningalanguageinthreemonthsisadifficulttask.Ifyou’dprefertolearnthelanguagemoreslowlyoryoudon’thavetheabilitytomovetoanewcountryandpractice4-8hoursadaythenyoucanmodifytheplan.Itisextremelyimportantthatyoupracticeeverydayhowever－20minutesadayismuchbetterthanonceortwiceaweek.SomeoftheseconceptsarehardtounderstandthroughthewrittenwordsoIcreatedavideoseriesjustforZenHabitsreadersthatteachesthestepstolearnalanguagE.GettheHackTheSystemLanguageLearningVideosherE.60.Thequoteinthefirstparagraphisusedto.A.letreadersstudyafamoussayingB.introducethetopicofthepassageC.showwhoisNelsonMandelaD.tellreaderstheimportanceofspeech61.Thepassageiswrittenforreaderswhospeak.A.FrenchB.ChineseC.EnglishD.Italian62.Theunderlinedwordmodifycanbereplacedby.A.changeB.measureC.manageD.destroy63.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhyLanguagesCanBeLearnedRapidlyB.TheSpecificSkillsofRapidLanguageLearningC.TheImportanceofRapidLanguageLearningD.TheBasicStrategyofRapidLanguageLearning
FocusonclassSOMEUSparentsaresadthattheirhighschoolchildrenscorebadlyinmathscienceandreadingcomparedtokidsinothercountries.Therehasbeenanendlessseriesofmostlyfruitlesseducationreformstoaddressthisgap差距.Nowcomesanapproachbasedontheinsights观念ofagroupofUSexchangestudents.Theyspentayearinsomeofthemostsuccessfulhighschoolsintheworld-inFinlandPolandandSouthKoreA.AuthorandjournalistAmandaRipleyfollowedthreeexchangestudentsforhernewbookTheSmartestKidsintheWorld-andHowTheyGotThatWay.ShearguesthattoimproveacademicsUSschoolsshouldde-emphasizesports.Insteadstudentsshouldbringtheirpassionandintensity专注toacademicssheconcludes.HighschoolinFinlandKoreaandPolandhadapurposejustlikehighschoolfootballpracticeinAmericashewrites.TherewasabigimportantcontestattheendandthescorecounteD.Sportsareadistraction令人分心的事物Ripleyarguesandmostcountriesrequirethemtotakeplaceoutsideofschool.TradinginUSschoolsportsculturewouldbeahugechangeforpeopleintheUSwhorespectteamworkandsportsmanshipastrainingforlifE.Butplayingdownsportscouldpayoffasithaselsewhereifweredirectmoneyfocusandglorytolearning.Ripleyiscritical批判的ofmemorizationinSouthKoreaneducationbutshepraisesthesystem’shighgoalsandthefree-domitsstudentshavetofailandrecoverthroughhardwork.Toooftenwedon’taskteacherstogiveourkidsharderassignments作业-andwe’requicktocomplainaboutafailinggradE.What’sworkingelsewhereistosetambitious有志向的goalsforkidsandthenallowthemtodiscoverthattheyhaveitwithinthemselvestoreclaim重获successfromfailurE.EachofthecountriesinSmartestKidscametoeducationreformafteraneconomiccrisis危机.Finlandwaslosingjobsaftergraduatingjust10percentofitsteensfromhighschoolinthe1950s.Todaythegraduationrateis95percent.Poland’swakeupcamein1999asstudentsconsistentlytestedbelowaverageinreading.We’vetriedsomanyreformsineducation.Maybewhatweneedisatrulyradical激进的shiftawayfromsportsinfavorofschooling.68.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouteducationinSouthKoreaisTrueaccordingtothearticle?A.HighacademicscoresareconsideredanimportantmeasureofeducationqualityinSouthKoreA.B.ThememorizationskillsofSouthKoreanstudentsarethekeystotheiracademicsuccess.C.SouthKoreanteachersemphasizeteamworkandsportsmanshipasmuchasAmericanteachersdo.D.SouthKoreastartededucationreformsinthe1950stoimprovestudents’readingskills.69.TheunderlinedphrasetradingininParagraph8probablymeans_____.A.givingupsomethingforsomethingelse.B.ignoringC.exchangingsomethingforsomethingelsE.D.lookinginto70.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardeducationreforminUShighschools?A.Indifferent.B.PuzzledC.SatisfiedD.SupportivE.
Weallknowthatthecostofheatingourhomeswillcontinuetobeasignificantburdenonthefamilybudget.NowmillionsofpeoplearesavingontheirheatingbillswiththeEPportableheater.WithoveronemillionsatisfiedcustomersarounddtheworldthenewEPheatsbetterandfastersavesmoreonheatingbillsandrunsalmostsilent.TheEPhasnoexposedheatingpartsthatcancauseafirE.TheoutsideoftheEPonlygetswarmtothetouchsothatitwillnotburnchildrenorpets.TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.Withotherheatersyou'llnoticethatyougetsleepywhentheheatcomesonbecausetheyareburningupoxygen.TheadvancedEPalsoheatstheroomevenlywalltowallandfloortoceiling.Itcomfortablycoversanareaupt0350squarefeet.Otherheatersheatroomsunevenlywithmostoftheheatconcentratedtothecenteroftheroom.Andtheyonlyheatanareaafewfeetaroundtheheater.WiththeEPthetemperaturewillnotvaryinanypartoftheroom.TheEPcomeswitha3-yearwarranty保修anda60-daysatisfactionguaranteE.Ifyouarenottotallysatisfiedreturnitatourexpenseandyourmoneywillbegivenbacktoyou.Nowwehaveaspecialofferforl0day3duringwhichyoucanenjoyahalfpricediscountandafreedelivery.ifyouorderafterthatwereservetherighttoeitheracceptorrejectorderrequestsatthediscountedpricE.Takeactionrightnow!64.WhatismainlydiscussedinParagraph2?A.ThesafetyoftheEP.B.TheheatoftheEP.C.TheappearanceoftheEP.D.ThematerialoftheEP.65.FromthepassagewecanlearnthattheEP.A.runswithoutanynoiseB.doesn'tburnupoxygenC.makespeoplegetsleepyfastD.isunsuitableforchildrenandpets66.TheunderlinedwordevenlyinParagraph4probablymeans_____.A.continuouslyB.separatelyC.equallyD.quickly67.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto______'A.comparethefunctionsofdifferentheaterbrandsB.advisepeopletosaveonheatingbillsC.reportthenewdevelopmentofportableheatersD.persuadepeopletobuytheproduct
Itispartbookpartfilmpartgame—andaworldawayfromthebest-sellingbooksinanyseason.ButJulianMcCreadeveloperoftheimmersive拟真的iPadthrillerTheCraftsmanisconvincedhismashup混搭ofliterarygothicandcinematicchiller__电影或书籍isthefutureoffiction.TheappturnsthereaderintothemaincharacterinatalethatdrawsoninfluencessuchasEdgarAllenPoeandAlfredHitchcock.InfutureworksMcCreahopestousetheiPad’sbuilt-incameratoreadyourfacialexpressionslettinghimincreasethetensionaccordinglyasthestorydevelops.WithsalesofpaperbooksdecliningMcCreabelievestheapprepresentsanewkindofdigitalstorytellingthatcouldopenupanAliceinWonderlandrabbitholeofpossibilities.NotwopeoplewillgetthesameexperiencesaysMcCreawhogaveuphispreviousjobthreeyearsagotostartPortalEntertainment.Theprojecthasechoesofthechooseyourownadventurepaperbacksofthe1980sand90swhichallowedpre-teenreaderstoplottheirownwaythroughtreasureislandsandspookyforests.Butthecreatorsofthenewappwantedtotaketheideafurther.Youasafullypaid-upcharacterinthedramacansignonlinepetitions请愿书onfactious虚构的websitesandreceivemysteriousmessageonyourmobilephonefromothercharacterswhiletheeventsyouattendinthestorypopupinyourreal-lifecalendarastheapp’screatorsattempttobleedthestoryintoyoureverydaylifE.WiththestoryunfoldinginshortepisodesoverfivedaysMcCreahopestocaptureanaudienceofthirtysomethingdadsusedtowhippingouttheirphonetoplayAngryBirdswhentheyhaveasparefiveminutes.Butalsoinhissightsisthe£87millionBritishmarketforthrillersandcrimenovels.Authorsembracethenewformofdigitalstorytellingasachancetoengageintheinnovationsofthepublishingindustry.MikeJonesthenovelistwholedthewriters’teamforTheCraftsmansaystheappealoftheappprojectwasthechancetobringsomeoftheage-oldtraditionsofstorytelling–genrecharacterandcatharsis情感的抒发—intonewmediA.Therehasneverbeenabettertimetobeastoryteller.29.TheCraftsmanis____________.A.animmersiveiPadthrillerB.anappthatcanreadourfacialexpressionsC.thesampleofthefuturebooksD.acombinationofliteraryworkandfiction30.HowcantheappusersengageinthethrillerTheCraftsman?A.Theycanbeturnedintothemaincharacterinthetalewhilereading.B.TheycanexperienceinthereallifetheeventsthathappenedinthetalE.C.Theycancontributetheirideastothewritersonhowthetalecontinues.D.TheycandecidetheendingofthetalE.31.Whatkindofreadersdoestheappintendtotarget?A.Youngdadsintheirthirties.B.Thrillerandcrimenovellovers.C.BothA.andB.D.NeitherA.norB.32.Whatistheattitudeofauthorstowardsthenewwayofstorytelling?A.OpposeD.B.Neutral.C.Skeptical.D.SupportivE.
InAmericaaftermiddleschoolcomeshighschoolwhichincludesgrades9through12.StudentsshouldtakecertainsubjectslikeEnglishSocialStudiesMathsScienceandPhysicalEducation.Inadditiontheychooseamongelective可选修的subjectstocompletetheirhighschooleducation.Electivesincludesubjectsintechnologymusicartandforeignlanguages.Eachstudentintheschoolhashisownlockerforbooksandpersonalitemswhichsavesstudentsfromcarryingtextbooks.CheatinginanyformisstrictlyprohibitedinAmericanschools.A.studentcaughtinplagiarism剽窃willfaceseriousdiscipline处罚.Eachschoolholdscertainactivitiessuchashomecomingpromnightholidaycelebrationsetc.everyyear.WhilehomecomingiscelebrateddifferentlyateachschoolitusuallyincludesaparadeandthecrowningoftheHomecomingKingandQueenandendswithafootballgameandaschooldancE.Thepromisaformaldanceforstudentsingrades11and12andisgenerallyacceptedasthemostimportantsocialeventoftheschoolyear.Mosthighschoolshaveatleastonesportsteamthatcompetesinlocaleventsandallstudentsareencouragedtobeinvolvedinsports.Manyhighschoolstudentshavepart-timejobsbytheageof15or16someevenearlier.TheirfirstjobsareoftenbabysittingorcuttingthegrassbutlatertheyarelikelytogetajobatafastfoodrestaurantvideostoreorclothingshopetC.Sixteenyearsoldisthelegaldrivingageinmoststatesandstudentsusuallywanttoownacarassoonastheycanbecausetheyfeelit’snecessarytoownacarandwilldowhateverittakestobeabletodrivE.56.Theunderlinedwordprohibitedinthethirdtextcanbestbereplacedby_____.A.droppedB.agreedC.encouragedD.banned57.whichschoolactivityincludesaparadeandthecrowningoftheKingandQueen?A.PromnightB.HomecomingC.Holidaycelebrations.D.SchooldancE.58.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?A.①②/③④⑤/⑥⑦⑧B.①②③/④/⑤⑥/⑦⑧C.①②③/④⑤/⑥/⑦/⑧D.①②③④⑤/⑥/⑦/⑧59.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AmericanhighschoolsportsB.AmericanhighschoollifeC.AmericanhighschoolactivitiesD.Americanhighschooleducation
InancientEgyptthepharaoh法老treatedthepoormessagerunnerlikeaprincewhenhearrivedatthepalaceifhebroughtgoodnews.Howeveriftheexhaustedrunnerhadthemisfortunetobringthepharaohunhappynewshisheadwascutoff.Shadesofthatspiritspreadovertoday'sconversations.OnceafriendandIpackedupsomepeanutbutterandsandwichesforanouting.Aswewalkedlight-heartedlyoutofthedoorpicnicbasketinhandasmilingneighborlookedupattheskyandsaidOhboybaddayforapicniC.Theweathermansaysit'sgoingtorain.Iwantedtostrikehimonthefacewiththepeanutbutterandsandwiches.NotforhisstupidweatherreportforhissmilE.SeveralmonthsagoIwasracingtocatchabus.AsIbreathlesslyputmyhandfulofcashacrosstheGreyhoundcounterthesalesagentsaidwithabroadsmileOhthatbusleftfiveminutesago.Dreamsofhead-cutting！It'snotthenewsthatmakessomeoneangry.It'stheunsympatheticattitudewithwhichit'sdelivered递送.EveryonemustgivebadnewsfromtimetotimeandwinningprofessionalsdoitwiththeproperattitudE.A.doctoradvisingapatientthatsheneedsanoperationdoesitinacaringway.A.bossinforminganemployeehedidn'tgetthejobtakesonasympathetictonE.Bigwinnersknowwhendeliveringanybadnewstheyshouldsharethefeelingofthereceiver.Unfortunatelymanypeoplearenotawareofthis.Whenyou'retiredfromalongflighthasahotelclerkcheerfullysaidthatyourroomisn'treadyyetWhenyouhadyourheartsetonthetoastbeefhasyourwaitermerrilytoldyouthathejustservedthelastpieceItmakesyouastravelerordinerwanttolandyourfistrightontheirunsympatheticfaces.Hadmyneighbortoldmeoftheupcomingrainstormwithsympathy同情Iwouldhaveappreciatedhiswarning.HadtheGreyhoundsalesclerksympatheticallyinformedmethatmybushadalreadyleftIprobablywouldhavesaidOhthat'sallrightI'llcatchthenextonE.Bigwinnerswhentheybearbadnewsdeliverbombswiththeemotionthebombarded被轰炸的personissuretohavE.63.InParagraph1thewritertellsthestoryofthepharaohto____.A.makeacomparisonB.introduceatopicC.describeasceneD.offeranargument64.Inthewriter'sopinionhisneighborwas___.A.friendlyB.warm-heartedC.notconsiderateD.nothelpful65.FromDreamsofhead-cutting！Paragraph3welearnthatthewriter___.A.wasmadatthesalesagentB.wasremindedofthecruelpharaohC.wishedthatthesalesagentwouldhavehaddreamsD.dreamedofcuttingthesalesagent'sheadthatnight.66.WhatisthemainideaofthetextA.Deliveringbadnewsproperlyisimportantincommunication.B.Helpingotherssincerelyisthekeytobusinesssuccess.C.ReceivingbadnewsrequiresgreatcouragE.D.Learningancienttraditionscanbeuseful.
TheTajMahal泰姬陵isalovestoryasadandbeautifulonE.Ifitdidn’texistwewouldeasilyimaginethatthestoryofitsconstructionwassimplyafairytalE.ThreehundredyearsagotherelivedanIndianemperorcalledShahJahan.Hiswifewasabeautifulandbrightwomanwhomhelovedgreatly.HertitlewasMumtazlMahan:itsshortenedformTajMahanmeansprideofthepalace.Intheyear1630thisbelovedwifeoftheemperordieD.HewassobrokenheartedthathethoughtofgivinguphisthronE.Hedecidedoutofhisloveforhiswifetobuildherthemostbeautifultombthathadeverbeenseen.HesummonedthebestartistsandarchitectsfromIndiaTurkeyPersiaandArabiaandfinallythedesignwascompletE.Ittookmorethantwentythousandmenworkingoveraperiodof18yearstobuildtheTajMahanoneofthemostbeautifulbuildingsintheworlD.Thebuildingitselfstandsonamarbleplatform29meterssquareand6-7metershigh.Towersrisefromeachofthefourcorners.TheTajitselfsoarsanother61metersintotheair.Itisaneight-sidedbuildingmadeofwhitemarblE.TheemperorplannedtobuildanidenticaltombofblackmarbleforhimselfontheothersideoftheriverconnectedbyasilverbridgE.HoweverhissonputhimintoaprisoninthepalacebeforehecouldfinishandfortherestofhislifehecouldonlygazeacrossriveratthetombofhisbelovedwifE.40.Thewholepassagetellsusabout______.A.abeautifulfairytaleB.thestoryoftheTajMahalC.whiteandblackmarbletombsmadefortwoemperorsD.thelovestoryofEmperorShahJahanandhiswife41.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueabouttheTajMahal?A.Itwascompletedquicklyowingtotheeffortsofthebestartistsandworkers.B.A.lotofpeopletookpartinthebuildingworkC.Itisamagnificentbuilding.D.Itisatombfortheemperor’sbelovedwifE.42.Theemperor’sowntombwasdesignedtobe____________.A.61metershighB.eight-sidedC.black-colouredD.white-colored
ItwasreportedlastweekthatdeveloperscouldtakephotosfromApplemobileandGoogleAndroiddeviceswithoutthephoneownersknowingthattheimageswerebeingtaken.InApple’scasedeveloperscanalsoobtainthelocationinformationforeachphoto.Senator参议员CharlesSchumersaidinatelephoneinterviewthathisofficehadspokenwithofficialsatbothAppleandGoogleonMonday.WeaskedthemiftheycouldfindawayontheirowntopreventApplefromhavingaccesstoprivateinformationMr.SchumersaiD.TheywerefriendlyandopentotheideathatthisoughttobechangeD.OnSundayMr.SchumersaidthatheplannedtosendalettertotheFederalTradeCommissionaskingtheagencytoinvestigateAppleandGoogleaftertheprivacyconcernscametolight.ClaudiaBourneFarrellanF.T.C.spokeswomansaidtheagencyhadreceivedtheletterbutshecouldnotcommentfurther.Itworriespeopletothinkthatone’spersonalphotosaddressbookandwhoknowswhatelsecanbeobtainedandevenpostedonlinewithoutpermissionMr.SchumerwroteinhislettertotheF.T.C.Ifthetechnologyexiststoopenthedoortothiskindofprivacyinvasionthensurelytechnologyexiststocloseitandthat’sexactlywhatmusthappen.Mr.SchumersaidifAppleandGooglecouldnotcometoanagreementtofixtheproblemthenhewouldbeforcedtotaketheissuefurther.Hesaidothercompanieshadbeenwillingtoworkwithhisofficetofixissues.I’moptimisticthatwecangetthischangedwithoutanyregulationhesaiD.Ifit’snotchangedthenwe’llturntotheF.T.C.andifthatdoesn’tworkthenwe’llconsiderlegislativeapproach.TheF.T.C.haswarnedcompaniestotrytobemorevigilant警醒的intheireffortstoprotectconsumerswhenitcomestoprivacy.50.ThesenatorsspokewithofficialsatbothAppleandGoogle___________.A.tourgethemnottoinvadeconsumers’privacyB.todiscusswhetheritisillegaltohaveaccesstoprivateinformationC.tostopthemfromdevelopingthetechnologyoftakingphotosD.tokeepthemfromobtainingthelocationinformationforeachphoto51.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.PrivacyinvasionfromApplehasexistedforalongtimE.B.Mr.SchumertakestheprivacyconcernscausedbyAppleandGoogleseriously.C.PrivacyinvasionfromGooglehasexistedforalongtimE.D.AppleandGooglehavedecidedtomakeachangE.52.Mr.Schumer’slettertotheF.T.C.mainlyshowsthatthetechnologytoopenthedoortoprivacyinvasion___________.A.causesprivacyinvasiontohappenfrequentlyB.canbeusedifpermittedC.causespeopletoworryaboutthesafetyoftheirpersonalinformationD.causespersonalinformationtobepostedonlinewithoutpermission53.Iftheprivacyconcernscan’tbesolvedwiththehelpoftheF.T.C.___________.A.ThesenatorswillforcethecompaniesnottoinvadeprivacyB.ThecompanieswillbeclosedC.ThecompanieswillbefinedD.Thesenatorswillturntolegislation54.Wherecanwereadaboutthepassage?A.Inanewspaper.B.InatravelbrochurE.C.Inasciencereport.D.Inatextbook.
Youprobablyhearitallthetime—peopletellingyoutolearnEnglish.ButdoesthismeanchildreninEnglish-speakingcountriesdon’tneedtobotherlearninganewlanguage?Notatall.Infactanevenlargernumberofyoungpeoplewillsoonbetaughtforeignlanguagesthankstothementaladvantagesofbilingualism.Psychologistsoncethoughtthatgrowingupbilingualmightleadtoverbaldelays－alateorabsentdevelopmentoftalking.ButUSmagazineScientificAmericanhasrevealedthatthisisnottrueandreportedthatchildrenwhospeakmorethanonelanguageshowgreatermentalflexibilityasuperiorgraspofabstractconceptsandabetterworkingmemory.AstheNewYorkTimesputitbeingbilingualitturnsoutmakesyousmarter.InEuropelearningforeignlanguagesisincreasinglypopular.A.Europeanreportshowsthatfrom2005-2010thepercentageofEuropeanstudentslearningaforeignlanguagerosefrom67.5percentto79.2percent.MostEuropeankidsstartlearninganotherlanguageatage6.InBelgiumitstartsat3.NewreformsbeingintroducedintheUKwillmeanallchildrencouldbetaughtaforeignlanguagesuchasMandarinorGreekfromtheageof7.ThemostpopularforeignlanguageforEuropeankidswasEnglishfollowedbyGermanandFrench.IncomparisonAmericansdon’tgiveafigforlearningforeignlanguages.Comparedto50percentofEuropeanadultswhoarebilingualonly9percentofadultsintheUSarefluentinmorethanonelanguageaccordingtoa2011report.Americanstudentsareoftennotexposedtoasecondlanguageuntilhighschool.HoweverrecentstatisticsshowdemandisgrowingintheUSforpeopletobecomemorebilingual.AccordingtoaUSATodaychartreleasedinJuly21percentofUSchildrenspeakanotherlanguageathomE.A.numberofinstitutionsinthecountryarealsopushingforeignlanguagesinschools.ThreeschooldistrictsinDelawarewilllaunchChineseandSpanishprogramsnextyear.MorepeoplearelearningChineseFrenchandSpanish.31.Psychologistusedtobelievethatchildrenwhogrowupbilingual________.A.aremoreflexiblementallyB.areslowinthedevelopmentoftalkingC.haveapoorerworkingmemoryD.aresmarterinunderstandingabstractconcept32.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.AmericansaremoreinterestedinlearninganotherlanguagethanEuropeansB.BritishkidsbegantolearnforeignlanguagesattheearliestageC.21%ofUSchildrenstudyaforeignlanguageintheschoolD.notallschoolsinAmericaareteachingforeignlanguages33.WhatdoestheunderlinedphrasegiveafigforinParagraph4mean?A.attachimportancetoB.havetalentforC.investmoneyinD.havedemandfor34.WhicharethemostpopularforeignlanguagesintheUS?A.MandarinandGreek.B.EnglishGermanandFrench.C.ChineseFrenchandSpanish.D.ChineseGermanandGreek.35.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Chineseisbecomingmorepopularinwesterncountries.B.Thebenefitsandadvantagesofgrowingupbilingual.C.Westernworldsarepayingmoreattentiontolearningforeignlanguages.D.ThedifferencesbetweenbilingualeducationinEuropeandUSA.
AmericanshavealwaysbeeninterestedintheirPresidents'wives.ManyFirstLadieshavebeenrememberedbecauseofthewaystheyhaveinfluencedtheirhusbands.OtherFirstLadieshavemadethehistorybooksontheirown.AtleasttwoFirstLadiesBessTrumanandLadyBirdJohnsonmadeittheirbusinesstosendsignalsduringtheirhusbandsspeeches.WhenLadyBirdJohnsonthoughtherhusbandwastalkingtoolongshewroteanoteandsentituptotheplatform.ItreadIt'stimetostop!AndhediD.OnceBessTrumandidn'tlikewhatherhusbandwassayingontelevisionsoshephonedhimandsaidIfyoucan'ttalkmorepolitelythanthatinpublicyoucomerighthomE.ItwasFirstLadyHelenTaft'sideatoplantthefamouscherrytreesinWashingtonD.C.Eachspringtheseblossomingtreesattractthousandsofvisitorstothenation'scapitalMrs.TaftalsoinfluencedthemalemembersofherfamilyandtheWhiteHousestaffinastrangeway:sheconvinced说服themtoshaveofftheirbeards胡须!ShortlyafterPresidentWoodrowWilsonsufferedastroke中风EdithWilsonunofficiallytookovermostofthedutiesofthePresidencyuntiltheendofherhusband'stermEarlierduringWorldWarIMrs.WilsonhadsheepbroughtontotheWhiteHouselawntoeattegrass.Thesheepnotonlykeptthelawncut.butprovidedwoolforanauction拍卖heldbytheFirstLady.Almost$100000wasraisedfortheRedCross.OneofthemostfamousFirstLadieswasEleanorRooseveltthewifeofPresidentFranklinD.Roosevelt.ShewasactiveinpoliticalanD.socialcausesthroughoutherhusband'sterminofficeAfterhisdeathshebecamefamousforherhumanitarian人道主义的workintheUnitedNations.ShemadelifebetterforthousandsofneedypeoplearoundtheworlD.【小题1】WhyhaveFirstLadiesbeenremembered?A.Theyarethewivesofthepresidents.B.Theyaremadeupofhistorybooks.C.Americansareinterestedinthem.D.Theyhaveaneffectontheirhusbands.【小题2】TheexamplesmentionedinParagraph2showthatA.thetwowivesdidbusinesswithouttheirhusbandsB.thetwowivesinfluencedthepresidents'speechesC.thetwowivesdidn'tliketheirhusbandstomakespeechesD.thepresidents'speecheswereofteninterruptedbytheirwives.【小题3】Whodidthemostmeaningfulworkamongthefirstladies?A.LadyBirdJohnson.B.Mrs.Wilson.C.EleanorRoosevelt.D.HelenTaft【小题4】WhichofthefollowingisconsideredastrangethingtheFirstLadydid?A.RaisesheepontheWhiteHouselawntogetmoneyfortheRedCross.B.Takeovermostofthedutiesthroughouttheirhusbands'Presidency.C.PlantthecherrytreesinWashingtonD.C.toattractmorevisitorsD.PersuadethemenstaffintheWhiteHousetoshaveofftheirbeards.【小题5】HowmanyFirstLadiesarementionedinthispassage?A.384.C.5D.6.
LEEDSEngland—ALeedsUniversitypsychologyprofessorisresearchingacoursetohelpdozensofBritonsforgivetheirenemies.Thehateweholdwithinusisacancer.ProfessorKenHartsaidaddingthatholdinginangercanleadtoproblemssuchashighbloodpressureandheartdiseasE.Morethan70peoplehavebecomevolunteersinHart’sfirst20-weekworkshopinLondon—acoursehesaysisthefirstofitskindintheworlD.Thesearepeoplewhoaresickandtiredoflivingwithamemory.TheyrealizetheirbitternessisapoisontheythinktheycanpouroutbuttheyendupdrinkingitthemselvessaidCanadian-bornHart.Thestudentsmeetineachgroupofeighttotenforatwo-hourworkshopwithadirectoreverytwoweeks.ThecourseendinginJulyisexpectedtogetridofthecancerofhateinthesepeoplE.PeoplehavelotsofnegativeattitudestowardsforgivenesshesaidPeopleconfuseforgivenesswithforgetting.ForgivenessmeanschangingfromanegativeattitudetoapositiveonE.HartandhisteamhavecreatedinstructionstoprovidethetrainingneedeD.ThemainideaistogiveyouguidancesonhowtolookatallkindsofangersandhowtheyaffectyouandhowtochangeyourattitudestowardsthepersonyouareangrywithsaidNormanClaringbullaseniorexpertontheforgivenessproject.HartsaidIbelieveforgivenessisaskillthatcanbetaughtasthesepeoplewanttogetfreeofthepast.【小题1】Fromthispassageweknowthat________.A.withouthatepeoplewillhavelesstroubleconnectedwithbloodpressureandheartdiseaseB.peoplewhosufferfrombloodpressureandheartdiseasemusthavemanyenemiesC.highbloodpressurecanonlybecuredbypsychologyprofessorsD.highbloodpressureandheartdiseasearecausedbyhate【小题2】Ifyouareangrywithsomebodyyoushould________.A.attendHart’scourseB.persuadehimorhertohaveapositivetalkwithyouC.nevermeethimorheranylongerD.treathimorherpositivelyinsteadofnegatively【小题3】InHart’sfirst20-weekworkshoppeopletherecan________.A.meettheirenemiesB.changetheirattitudesC.enjoytheprofessor’steachingD.learnhowtoquarrelwithothers【小题4】IfyouareavolunteerinHart’sworkshopyou’ll________.A.meetineightortengroupsB.getridoftheillnessofcancerC.attendagatheringtwiceamonthD.pourouteverythingstoredinyourmind【小题5】Theauthorwrotethispassageinorderto________.A.persuadeBritonstogotoHart’sworkshopB.tellusthenewsaboutHart’sresearchC.tellushowtorunaworkshoplikeHart’sD.helpustolookatallkindsofangers
StudiesshowfarmlandinAfricaisoftenlackinginimportantnutrients.Butresearcherssaycombiningdifferentfarmingmethodsmayhelp.Sincetheworldfoodcrisisseveralyearsagoresearchershavedirectedmoreoftheirattentiontosmallfarms.MostfarmsinareassouthoftheSaharaDesertareonlyaboutoneortwohectares.Oneofthegoalsistoincreaseproductionwithoutnecessarilyclearingmorelandtogrowadditionalcrops.Americanresearcherssaythatcanhappenwithgreateruseofanagriculturalsystemcalledperennation.Itmixesfoodcropswithtreesandperennialplants–thosethatreturnyearafteryear.Mr.ReganoldwhoiswithWashingtonStateUniversitysayspoorsoilmayhaveresultedfromyearsofweatheringthatwashedawaymanynutrients.HesayssomefarmersmayhavedonemoreharmthangooD.HeestimatesthatuptotwobilliondollarsworthofnitrogenphosphorousandpotassiumislostfromAfricansoileachyear.ThescientistsaysthewordperennationdefinesthreesystemsthatarealreadyusedinAfricA.TheoldestofthethreeiscalledevergreenagriculturE.Thisiswherefarmersplanttreeswiththeircrops.JohnReganoldsaysfarmersinAfricahavebeendoingthisforsixtyyearsbutitseemstobegrowinginpopularity.ThemethodisgainingwidespreaduseincountriessuchasNigerBurkinaFasoMalawiandZambiA.Thetreesareplantedamongmaizemilletorsorghumcrops.Theynotonlyaddnitrogentothesoilthroughtheirrootsbutalsothroughtheirleaveswhentheyfalloffandbreakdown.Atothertimesoftheyearthetreescanprotectplantsfromstrongsunlight.Mr.Reganoldwasoneofthreeresearcherswhowroteareportaboutperennation.ItwaspublishedinthejournalNaturE.41.FarmlandinAfrica________.A.isoftensmallinsizeB.canproducemorethanenoughcropsforAfricansC.isshortofimportantnutrientsD.hasgottheattentionofscientistsaroundtheworld42.Researchersfocusedtheirattentiononsmallfarmlandsforthereasonthat________.A.AfricawasgoingthroughafoodcrisisB.mostfarmsinareassouthoftheSaharaDesertaresmallC.therearenotenoughfarmlandsD.farmersmaygrowadditionalcropsonfarmland43.Thewordperennationmentionedinthispassage________.A.isafarmingmethodofplantingfoodcropswithtreesB.isanewfarmingmethodC.canhelpAfricanpeopleproducemorefoodthantheyneedD.isgainingwidespreadusearoundtheworld44.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.perennationwillbewidelyusedbyfarmersinAfricaB.AmericangovernmentwillhelpAfricancountriesincreasefoodproductionC.AfricancountriesisshortoffarmlandD.somefarmersaredestroyingtheirfarmlandinAfricaonpurpose45.Thisreportismostlylikelytobeajournalof________.A.foodB.environmentC.agricultureD.gardening
Europe’sdeadlyoutbreakofarareformofE.colibacteria大肠杆菌hasbroughtnewattentiontofoodsafetyissues.Oneoftheproblemswhenpeoplegetsickfromfoodisthatthesimplestquestionisoftendifficultorevenimpossibletoanswer.Justwhatdidthepeopleeatthatmadethemsick?Ofcourseonewaytoavoidthesemedicalmysteriesistokeepdangerousorganismsoutofthefoodsupply.Thisiseasiersaidthandonebutscientistskeeplookingfornewways.ScientistsintheUnitedStateshavedevelopedanexperimentalsystemthatusesahigh-techopticalscanner.Thesystemisdesignedtoidentifythepresenceofcontaminants致污物likesoiloranimalwasteonfreshproducE.ThesecanbesourcesofE.coli.E.colibacterianaturallyliveintheintestines肠ofhumansandmanyanimals.MostkindsofE.coliareharmlessbutsomecanmakepeoplesick.Thenewscannercanalsoshowdamageandimperfectionsthatmightmaketheproduceunappealingtoshoppers.ScientistsdesignedthesystemataDepartmentofAgricultureresearchcenterinBeltsvilleMarylanD.MoonKimoftheAgriculturalResearchServiceledtheteam.MOONKIM:WewererequestedwewereaskedtodevelopamethodtodetectcontaminationinproducE.SowestartedwiththeappleasthemodelsamplE.Thescannerusesahigh-speedcameraplacedovertheconveyerbeltthatmovestheproducealong.Astheapplesmovealongthebeltthescannercapturesimagesofeachpieceoffruit.MoonKimsaystheteamhopesthesystemwillbeavailablebeforelong.MOONKIM:Wearetargetingfordevelopmentincommercialplantsforthenextseveralyears.Thescannercandirectasortingmachinetoseparatethebadapplesfromthegoodones.Thesystemiscurrentlyabletoshowthesurfaceofonlyhalftheappleasitspeedsby.TheinventershopetoimprovetheprocesssoitcanshowthewholesurfacE.57.Whatisthemaintopicofthetext?A.BacteriA.B.A.high-techscanner.C.A.cameraD.Foodsafety.58.E.colibacteria______.A.brokeoutallovertheworldB.comesfromsoiloranimalwasteC.isextremelyharmfultohealthD.doesnotcauseillness59.Thehigh-techscanner______.A.canhelptosortoutdifferentfruitsB.maketheproduceappealtoshoppersC.canonlycaptureimagesofthewholeappleD.canidentifythepresenceofcontaminants60.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.ThescannerneedstobeimproveD.B.Thescannerwillbeavailableinthenextseveralyears.C.MoonKimisunwillingtodevelopthescanner.D.ThescannerisconnectedtoasortingmachinE.
LikemanylanguagesspokenbypeopleAyapanecoisdying.Onlytwopeopleintheworldstillspeakitandtheywon'ttalktoeachother.SpokeninMexicoforcenturiesAyapanecoisoneof68survivinglanguagesinthemainlySpanish-speakingnation.ThetwospeakersareManuelSegoviaandIsidroVelazquez.Thoughtheyliveonly500metersfromeachotherinthevillagethetwomenseldomtalktoeachother.DanielanAmericanexpertwhoisworkingtomakeadictionaryofAyapanecosaysthetwomendon’thavealotincommonandthatSegoviacanbeactivewhileVelasqueztendstomindhisownbusinessandstayathomE.WhileSegoviastillspeakstohiswifeandsoninAyapaneconeitherofthemcanmanagemorethanafewwords.VelasquezhardlyspeakshisnativetongueanymorE.Danielisworkingtopreservethelanguageindictionaryformbeforeitslastsurvivingspeakerspassaway.AccordingtoDanielAyapanecoandtheotherlanguagesbegandyingoutwiththeintroductionofpublicSpanisheducationinthemid-20thcentury.Fordecadeslocalchildrenweren’tallowedtospeakanythingelsE.Manypeopletocitiesstartinginthe1970salsohelpedthedyingoutofnativelanguages.Ayapanecoisthenamegiventothelanguage;SegoviaandVelazquezcallitNuumteOotewhichmeanstruevoice.NeithermanhoweverspeaksthesamelanguagE.Thedictionarywillcontaintwoversions版本ofthelanguagewhenitcomesoutlaterthisyear.Thosebehindthedictionaryaren’ttheonlyonestryingtosaveAyapaneco.TheNationalLanguageInstituteplanstoholdclassessothatSegoviaandVelasquezcanpassonwhattheyknowtochildren.Itisthoughtthatthereareabout6000languagesspokenonearthandthatabouthalfwilldisappearoverthenext100years.Let’shopethetruevoiceisn’toneofthem.55.SegoviaandVelasquezseldomtalktoeachotherinAyapanecobecausethey___________________.A.bothdislikethelanguageB.don’tgetalongwellwitheachotherC.aretoobusytotalktoeachotherD.don’tsharethesameinterests56.WhicharethemainreasonswhythelanguageAyapanecostarteddyingout?A.Noteacherlikedtoteachit.B.LocalchildrenhadtospeakSpanish.C.manyvillagerswenttoliveincities.D.Thesurvivingspeakersdidn’tliketouseit.A.abB.acC.bdD.bc57.HowdoestheNationalLanguageInstitutetrytosaveAyapaneco?A.WriteadictionaryofAyapaneco.B.LetAyapanecobetaughtatschool.C.IntroduceapublicAyapanecoeducation.D.AskvillagerstospeakAyapaneco.58.Fromthetextwelearnthattheauthor____________________.A.agreesthatitisnaturalthatAyapanecoshoulddieoutB.thinksDaniel’sefforttopreserveAyapanecowon’tworkC.thinkshighlyofAyapanecoandwantspeopletolearnitD.hopesthatAyapanecowillnotdieoutinthefuture
It’sschooltimeagain！You’reprobablyfeelingexcitedandmaybealittlesadthatsummerisover.Somekidsfeelnervousoralittlescaredonthefirstdayofschoolbecauseofallthenewthings:newteachersnewfriendsandevenanewschool.LuckilythesenewworriesonlystickaroundforalittlewhilE.Let’sfindoutmoreaboutgoingtoanewschool.Mostteacherskickoffthenewschoolyearbyintroducingthemselvesandtalkingaboutallthestuffyou’llbedoingthatyear.Someteachersgivestudentsachancetotellsomethingaboutthemselvestotherestoftheclasstoo.Whenteachersdothetalkingonthefirstdaytheyoftengooverclassroomrulesandschoolrulessoyou’llknowwhat’sallowedandwhat’snot.PleasepaycloseattentionYoumightalreadyknowalotofpeopleinyourclassesonthefirstdaybutit’sagreatdaytomakeanewfriendsotrytosayhellotokidsyouknowandnewonesthatyoudon’t.Makethefirstmoveandyou’llbegladyoudidandsowillyournewfriend!Seeingfriendsyouhaven’tseeninawhilecanmakethefirstdayagoodonE.YoucanmakethedayfeelspecialbywearingclothesthatyoureallylikE.MaybeyougotagreatT-shirtononeofyourvacationsorapairofsneakers运动鞋.Italsocanmakeyoufeelgoodtobepreparedandhaveallthethingsyouneedsuchaspencilsfoldersandwhateverelseyou’llbeneeding.Butmakesurethatyoupackthemthenightbeforeincaseyoudon’thavetimeinthemorning.56.Theunderlinedphrasekickoffinthesecondparagraphprobablymeans_____.A.startB.studyC.findD.teach57.Thelastparagraphsmainlytellusabout________.A.whattoknowaboutanewschoolB.howtoprepareforanewschoolC.whattodoonyourfirstdayofschoolD.howtospendyourfirstdayofschool58.AccordingtothepassageyouusuallydoeverythingonthefirstdayofschoolEXCEPT_______.A.introduceyourselfB.learnabouttheschoolrulesC.makenewfriendsD.gooveryournewlessons59.Themainideaofthepassageis_________.A.howtobeusedtoanewschoolquicklyB.howtomakenewfriendsinanewschoolC.whattowearonthefirstdayofthenewschoolD.whattoprepareforthefirstdayofthenewschool
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