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Pandemic大面积流行的H1N12009ThemostactiveareasofpandemicinfluenzatransmissioncurrentlyareincentralandeasternEurope.Focal集中的increasesinratesduringrecentweekwere51inatleasttwoeasternEuropeancountries.Ahighintensityofrespiratory呼吸的diseaseactivitywithconcurrent同时存在的circulationofpandemicinfluenzastill52inpartsofsouthernandeasternEurope53inGreecePolandandUkraine.InWesternEuropeinfluenzatransmissionremains54andwidespreadbutoveralldiseaseactivityhaspeaked.AllinfluenzavirusesinWesternEuropewerepandemicH1N1200955verysmallnumbersofseasonalinfluenzavirusescoveringlessthan1%ofallinfluenzavirusesfoundwerereportedinRussia.In56limitedavailabledataindicatethatactivehighintensitytransmissionisoccurringinNorthernAfricancountries57theMediterraneancoast.InCentralAsialimiteddata58thatinfluenzaviruscirculationremainsactivebuttransmissionmayhaverecentlypeakedinsomeplaces.InWestAsiaIsraelIranandIraqalsoappeartohavepassedtheir59periodoftransmissionwithinthepastmonththoughbothareascontinuetohavesomeactivetransmissionandlevelsofrespiratorydiseaseactivityhavenotyet60tobaselinelevels.InEastAsiainfluenzatransmissionremainsactivebutappearstobe61overall.SlightincreasesinILIwerereportedinMongoliaafterweeksofdecliningactivityfollowingalargepeakofactivity62onemonthage.InNorthAmericainfluenzatransmission63widespreadbuthasdeclinedquicklyinallcountries.InthetropicalregionsofCentralandSouthAmericaandtheCaribbeaninfluenzatransmis-sionremainsgeographicallywidespreadbutoveralldisease64hasbeendecliningorremainsunchangedinmostparts65forfocalincreasesinrespiratorydiseaseactivityinafewcountries.
Pandemic大面积流行的H1N12009ThemostactiveareasofpandemicinfluenzatransmissioncurrentlyareincentralandeasternEurope.Focal集中的increasesinratesduringrecentweekwere51inatleasttwoeasternEuropeancountries.Ahighintensityofrespiratory呼吸的diseaseactivitywithconcurrent同时存在的circulationofpandemicinfluenzastill52inpartsofsouthernandeasternEurope53inGreecePolandandUkraine.InWesternEuropeinfluenzatransmissionremains54andwidespreadbutoveralldiseaseactivityhaspeaked.AllinfluenzavirusesinWesternEuropewerepandemicH1N1200955verysmallnumbersofseasonalinfluenzavirusescoveringlessthan1%ofallinfluenzavirusesfoundwerereportedinRussia.In56limitedavailabledataindicatethatactivehighintensitytransmissionisoccurringinNorthernAfricancountries57theMediterraneancoast.InCentralAsialimiteddata58thatinfluenzaviruscirculationremainsactivebuttransmissionmayhaverecentlypeakedinsomeplaces.InWestAsiaIsraelIranandIraqalsoappeartohavepassedtheir59periodoftransmissionwithinthepastmonththoughbothareascontinuetohavesomeactivetransmissionandlevelsofrespiratorydiseaseactivityhavenotyet60tobaselinelevels.InEastAsiainfluenzatransmissionremainsactivebutappearstobe61overall.SlightincreasesinILIwerereportedinMongoliaafterweeksofdecliningactivityfollowingalargepeakofactivity62onemonthage.InNorthAmericainfluenzatransmission63widespreadbuthasdeclinedquicklyinallcountries.InthetropicalregionsofCentralandSouthAmericaandtheCaribbeaninfluenzatransmis-sionremainsgeographicallywidespreadbutoveralldisease64hasbeendecliningorremainsunchangedinmostparts65forfocalincreasesinrespiratorydiseaseactivityinafewcountries.
Mt.DesertIslandThecoastoftheStateofMaineisoneofthemostirregularintheworld.Astraightlinerunningfromthesouthernmostcoastalcitytothenorthernmostcoastalcitywouldmeasureabout225miles.Ifyoufollowedthecoastlinebetweenthesepointsyouwouldtravelmorethantentimesasfar.Thisirregularityistheresultofwhatiscalledadrownedcoastline46AtthattimethewholeareathatisnowMainewaspartofamountainrangethattoweredabovethesea.Astheglacier冰川descen-dedhoweveritexpendedenormousforceonthosemountainsandtheysankintothesea.Asthemountainssankoceanwaterchargedoverthelowestpartsoftheremaininglandformeraseriesoftwistinginletsandlagoons咸水湖.Thehighestpartsoftheformermountaininrangerearesttheshoreremainedasislands47Marinefossilsfoundherewere225feetabovesealevelindicatingtheleveloftheshorelinepriortotheglacier.The2500-mile-longrockycoastlineofMainekeepswatchovernearlytwothousandislands.Manyoftheseislandsaretinyanduninhabitedbutmanyarehometothrivingcommunities.MtDesertIslandisoneofthelargestmostbeautifuloftheMainecoastislands.Measuring16milesby12miles.Mt.Desertwasessentiallyformedastwodistinctislands48.ForyearsMt.DesertIslandparticularlyitsmajorsettlementBarHarboraffordedsummerhomesforthewealthy.RecentlythoughBarHarborhasbecomearapidlygrowingartscommunityaswell.ButthebestpartoftheislandistheunspoiledforestlandknownasAcadiaNationalPark.Becausetileislandsitsontheboundarylinebetweenthetemperate温带andsub—Arcticzonestheislandsupperstheplantsandanimalsofbothzonesaswellasbeachinlandandalpine高山的plants.49TheestablishmentofAcadiaNationalParkin1916meansthatthisnaturalreservewillbeperpetuallyavailabletoallpeoplenotjustthewealthy.VisitorstoAcadiamayreceivenatureinstructionfromtheparknaturalistsaswellasenjoycampingcyclingandboatingOrtheymaychoosetospendtimeatthearcheologicalmuseumlearningabouttheStoneAgeinhabitantsoftheisland.ThebestviewonMt.DesertIslandisfromthetopofCadillacMountain.50FromthesummityoucangazebacktowardthemainlandoroutovertheAtlanticOceanandcontemplatethebeautycreatedbyaretreatingglacier.A.Thismountainrises1532feetmakingitthehighestmountainontheAtlanticseaboard.B.ItissplitalmostinhalfbySomesSoundadeepandnarrowstretchofwatersevenmileslong.C.ThewealthyresidentsofMt.DesertsIslandselfishlykeptittothemselves.D.Mt.Desertislandisoneofthemostfamousofalltheislandsleftbehindbytheglacier.E.Thetermcomesfromtheactivityoftheiceage.F.Italsoliesinamajorbirdmigrationlaneandisarestingspotformanybirds.
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BeAlerttoAntimicrobial抗微生物的ResistanceTheabilityofmicro-organismstofindwaystoavoidtheactionofthedrugsusedtocuretheinfectionstheycauseisincreasinglyrecognizedasaglobalpublichealthissue.Somebacteriahavedevelopedmechanismswhichmakethemresistanttomanyoftheantibiotics抗生素normallyusedfortheirtreatment.Theyareknownasmulti-drugresistantbacteriaposingparticulardifficultiesastheremaybefewornoalternativeoptionsfortherapy.Theyconstituteagrowingandglobalpublichealthproblem.WHOsuggeststhatcountriesshouldbepreparedtoimplementhospitalinfectioncontrolmeasurestolimitthespreadofmulti-drugresistantstrains菌株andtoreinforcenationalpolicyonprudentuseofantibioticsreducingthegenerationofantibioticresistantbacteria.AnarticlepublishedinTheLance!InfectiousDiseaseson11August2010identifiedanewgenethatenablessometypesofbacteriatobehighlyresistanttoalmostallantibiotics.Thearticlehasdrawnattentiontotheissueofantimicrobialresistanceandinparticularhasraisedawarenessofinfectionscausedbymulti-drugresistantbacteria.Whilemulti-drugresistantbacteriaarenotnewandwillcontinuetoappearthisdevelopmentrequiresmonitoringandfurtherstudytounderstandtheextentandmodesoftransmissionandtodefinethemosteffectivemeasuresforcontrol.Thosecalledupontobealerttotheproblemofantimicrobialresistanceandtakeappropriateactionincludeconsumersmanagersofhospitalspatientsaswellasnationalgovernmentsthepharma-ceutical制药的industryandinternationalagencies.WHOstronglyrecommendsthatgovernmentsfocuscontrolandpreventioneffortsinthefollowingareaslikesurveillanceforantimicrobialresistance;rationalantibioticuseincludingeducationofhealthcareworkersandthepublicintheappropriateuseofantibiotics;introducingorenforcinglegislationrelatedtostoppingthesellingofantibioticswithoutprescription;andstrictadherencetoinfectionpreventionandcontrolmeasuresincludingtheuseofhand-washingmeasuresparticularlyinhealthcarefacilities.Successfulcontrolofmultidrug-resistantmicroorganismshasbeendocumentedinmanycountriesandtheexistingandwell-knowninfectionpreventionandcontrolmeasurescaneffectivelyreducetransmissionofmulti-drugresistantorganismsifsystematicallyimplemented.WHOwillcontinuetosupportcountriestodeveloprelevantpoliciesandtocoordinateinternationaleffortstocombatantimicrobialresistance.AntimicrobialresistancewillbethethemeofWHO’sWorldHealthDay2011.Welearnfromthepassagethat
Pandemic大面积流行的H1N12009ThemostactiveareasofpandemicinfluenzatransmissioncurrentlyareincentralandeasternEurope.Focal集中的increasesinratesduringrecentweekwere51inatleasttwoeasternEuropeancountries.Ahighintensityofrespiratory呼吸的diseaseactivitywithconcurrent同时存在的circulationofpandemicinfluenzastill52inpartsofsouthernandeasternEurope53inGreecePolandandUkraine.InWesternEuropeinfluenzatransmissionremains54andwidespreadbutoveralldiseaseactivityhaspeaked.AllinfluenzavirusesinWesternEuropewerepandemicH1N1200955verysmallnumbersofseasonalinfluenzavirusescoveringlessthan1%ofallinfluenzavirusesfoundwerereportedinRussia.In56limitedavailabledataindicatethatactivehighintensitytransmissionisoccurringinNorthernAfricancountries57theMediterraneancoast.InCentralAsialimiteddata58thatinfluenzaviruscirculationremainsactivebuttransmissionmayhaverecentlypeakedinsomeplaces.InWestAsiaIsraelIranandIraqalsoappeartohavepassedtheir59periodoftransmissionwithinthepastmonththoughbothareascontinuetohavesomeactivetransmissionandlevelsofrespiratorydiseaseactivityhavenotyet60tobaselinelevels.InEastAsiainfluenzatransmissionremainsactivebutappearstobe61overall.SlightincreasesinILIwerereportedinMongoliaafterweeksofdecliningactivityfollowingalargepeakofactivity62onemonthage.InNorthAmericainfluenzatransmission63widespreadbuthasdeclinedquicklyinallcountries.InthetropicalregionsofCentralandSouthAmericaandtheCaribbeaninfluenzatransmis-sionremainsgeographicallywidespreadbutoveralldisease64hasbeendecliningorremainsunchangedinmostparts65forfocalincreasesinrespiratorydiseaseactivityinafewcountries.
Sleeping Peoplewhosleepformorethaneighthoursanightdonotliveaslongasthosewhosleepforsixhoursaccordingtothebiggeststudyyetintosleeppatternsandmortality死亡率． Scientistshavenoexplanationforthefindingsanddonotknowiftheymeanpeoplewholikealie．in睡懒觉Canextendtheirlivesbysleepingless．． Althoughitisacommonbeliefthatsleepingforatleasteighthoursanightisvitalforhealthandwell—being．thesix．yearstudyinvolvingmorethan1．1millionAmericansolderthan30foundthatthosewhosleptfor1essthaneighthourswerefarfromdoingthemselvesanylong—termharm Individualswhonowaverage6．5hoursofsleepanightCanbereassuredthatthisisasafeamountofsleep．FromahealthstandpointthereisnoreasontosleeplongersaidDanielKripkeaprofessorofpsychiatry精神病学attheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego． Dr．Kripkesaid．Wedon’tknowiflongsleepperiodsleadtodeath．Additionalstudiesareneededtodetermineifsettingyouralarmclockearlierwillactuallyimproveyourhealth． Thescientists．whowerefundedbytheAmericanCancerSocietyfound也atthebestsurvivalrateswereamongthemenandwomenwhosleptforsevenhoursanight．Thosewhosleptforeighthourswere12percentmorelikelytodieduringt11esix—yearperiodofthestudy whenotherfactorssuchasdietandsmokingweretakenintoaccount． Eventhosewhospentamerefivehoursanightinbedlivedlongerthanthosewhoslepteightormorehours．Howeveranincreasingdeathratewasfoundamongthosewhosleptforlessthanfivehours． Dr．Kripkesaid．Previoussleepstudieshaveindicatedthatbothshort-andlong-duration持续时间sleephadhighermortalityrates．Howevernoneofthosestudieswerelargeenoughtodistinguishthedifferencebetweensevenandeighthoursanightuntilflow． Morethan1’1millionAmericansparticipatedinthesix-yearstudy．
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Pandemic大面积流行的H1N12009ThemostactiveareasofpandemicinfluenzatransmissioncurrentlyareincentralandeasternEurope.Focal集中的increasesinratesduringrecentweekwere51inatleasttwoeasternEuropeancountries.Ahighintensityofrespiratory呼吸的diseaseactivitywithconcurrent同时存在的circulationofpandemicinfluenzastill52inpartsofsouthernandeasternEurope53inGreecePolandandUkraine.InWesternEuropeinfluenzatransmissionremains54andwidespreadbutoveralldiseaseactivityhaspeaked.AllinfluenzavirusesinWesternEuropewerepandemicH1N1200955verysmallnumbersofseasonalinfluenzavirusescoveringlessthan1%ofallinfluenzavirusesfoundwerereportedinRussia.In56limitedavailabledataindicatethatactivehighintensitytransmissionisoccurringinNorthernAfricancountries57theMediterraneancoast.InCentralAsialimiteddata58thatinfluenzaviruscirculationremainsactivebuttransmissionmayhaverecentlypeakedinsomeplaces.InWestAsiaIsraelIranandIraqalsoappeartohavepassedtheir59periodoftransmissionwithinthepastmonththoughbothareascontinuetohavesomeactivetransmissionandlevelsofrespiratorydiseaseactivityhavenotyet60tobaselinelevels.InEastAsiainfluenzatransmissionremainsactivebutappearstobe61overall.SlightincreasesinILIwerereportedinMongoliaafterweeksofdecliningactivityfollowingalargepeakofactivity62onemonthage.InNorthAmericainfluenzatransmission63widespreadbuthasdeclinedquicklyinallcountries.InthetropicalregionsofCentralandSouthAmericaandtheCaribbeaninfluenzatransmis-sionremainsgeographicallywidespreadbutoveralldisease64hasbeendecliningorremainsunchangedinmostparts65forfocalincreasesinrespiratorydiseaseactivityinafewcountries.
Ayoungmanisbeinghailedaherotonightafterrescuingtwochildren.
Sleeping Peoplewhosleepformorethaneighthoursanightdonotliveaslongasthosewhosleepforsixhoursaccordingtothebiggeststudyyetintosleeppatternsandmortality死亡率． Scientistshavenoexplanationforthefindingsanddonotknowiftheymeanpeoplewholikealie．in睡懒觉Canextendtheirlivesbysleepingless．． Althoughitisacommonbeliefthatsleepingforatleasteighthoursanightisvitalforhealthandwell—being．thesix．yearstudyinvolvingmorethan1．1millionAmericansolderthan30foundthatthosewhosleptfor1essthaneighthourswerefarfromdoingthemselvesanylong—termharm Individualswhonowaverage6．5hoursofsleepanightCanbereassuredthatthisisasafeamountofsleep．FromahealthstandpointthereisnoreasontosleeplongersaidDanielKripkeaprofessorofpsychiatry精神病学attheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego． Dr．Kripkesaid．Wedon’tknowiflongsleepperiodsleadtodeath．Additionalstudiesareneededtodetermineifsettingyouralarmclockearlierwillactuallyimproveyourhealth． Thescientists．whowerefundedbytheAmericanCancerSocietyfound也atthebestsurvivalrateswereamongthemenandwomenwhosleptforsevenhoursanight．Thosewhosleptforeighthourswere12percentmorelikelytodieduringt11esix—yearperiodofthestudy whenotherfactorssuchasdietandsmokingweretakenintoaccount． Eventhosewhospentamerefivehoursanightinbedlivedlongerthanthosewhoslepteightormorehours．Howeveranincreasingdeathratewasfoundamongthosewhosleptforlessthanfivehours． Dr．Kripkesaid．Previoussleepstudieshaveindicatedthatbothshort-andlong-duration持续时间sleephadhighermortalityrates．Howevernoneofthosestudieswerelargeenoughtodistinguishthedifferencebetweensevenandeighthoursanightuntilflow． Thestudyshowsthatthelongeryousleepeachnightthelongeryou’11live．
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BeAlerttoAntimicrobial抗微生物的ResistanceTheabilityofmicro-organismstofindwaystoavoidtheactionofthedrugsusedtocuretheinfectionstheycauseisincreasinglyrecognizedasaglobalpublichealthissue.Somebacteriahavedevelopedmechanismswhichmakethemresistanttomanyoftheantibiotics抗生素normallyusedfortheirtreatment.Theyareknownasmulti-drugresistantbacteriaposingparticulardifficultiesastheremaybefewornoalternativeoptionsfortherapy.Theyconstituteagrowingandglobalpublichealthproblem.WHOsuggeststhatcountriesshouldbepreparedtoimplementhospitalinfectioncontrolmeasurestolimitthespreadofmulti-drugresistantstrains菌株andtoreinforcenationalpolicyonprudentuseofantibioticsreducingthegenerationofantibioticresistantbacteria.AnarticlepublishedinTheLance!InfectiousDiseaseson11August2010identifiedanewgenethatenablessometypesofbacteriatobehighlyresistanttoalmostallantibiotics.Thearticlehasdrawnattentiontotheissueofantimicrobialresistanceandinparticularhasraisedawarenessofinfectionscausedbymulti-drugresistantbacteria.Whilemulti-drugresistantbacteriaarenotnewandwillcontinuetoappearthisdevelopmentrequiresmonitoringandfurtherstudytounderstandtheextentandmodesoftransmissionandtodefinethemosteffectivemeasuresforcontrol.Thosecalledupontobealerttotheproblemofantimicrobialresistanceandtakeappropriateactionincludeconsumersmanagersofhospitalspatientsaswellasnationalgovernmentsthepharma-ceutical制药的industryandinternationalagencies.WHOstronglyrecommendsthatgovernmentsfocuscontrolandpreventioneffortsinthefollowingareaslikesurveillanceforantimicrobialresistance;rationalantibioticuseincludingeducationofhealthcareworkersandthepublicintheappropriateuseofantibiotics;introducingorenforcinglegislationrelatedtostoppingthesellingofantibioticswithoutprescription;andstrictadherencetoinfectionpreventionandcontrolmeasuresincludingtheuseofhand-washingmeasuresparticularlyinhealthcarefacilities.Successfulcontrolofmultidrug-resistantmicroorganismshasbeendocumentedinmanycountriesandtheexistingandwell-knowninfectionpreventionandcontrolmeasurescaneffectivelyreducetransmissionofmulti-drugresistantorganismsifsystematicallyimplemented.WHOwillcontinuetosupportcountriestodeveloprelevantpoliciesandtocoordinateinternationaleffortstocombatantimicrobialresistance.AntimicrobialresistancewillbethethemeofWHO’sWorldHealthDay2011.Thearticlepublishedin[TheLancetInfectiousDiseases]foundthat
Mt.DesertIslandThecoastoftheStateofMaineisoneofthemostirregularintheworld.Astraightlinerunningfromthesouthernmostcoastalcitytothenorthernmostcoastalcitywouldmeasureabout225miles.Ifyoufollowedthecoastlinebetweenthesepointsyouwouldtravelmorethantentimesasfar.Thisirregularityistheresultofwhatiscalledadrownedcoastline46AtthattimethewholeareathatisnowMainewaspartofamountainrangethattoweredabovethesea.Astheglacier冰川descen-dedhoweveritexpendedenormousforceonthosemountainsandtheysankintothesea.Asthemountainssankoceanwaterchargedoverthelowestpartsoftheremaininglandformeraseriesoftwistinginletsandlagoons咸水湖.Thehighestpartsoftheformermountaininrangerearesttheshoreremainedasislands47Marinefossilsfoundherewere225feetabovesealevelindicatingtheleveloftheshorelinepriortotheglacier.The2500-mile-longrockycoastlineofMainekeepswatchovernearlytwothousandislands.Manyoftheseislandsaretinyanduninhabitedbutmanyarehometothrivingcommunities.MtDesertIslandisoneofthelargestmostbeautifuloftheMainecoastislands.Measuring16milesby12miles.Mt.Desertwasessentiallyformedastwodistinctislands48.ForyearsMt.DesertIslandparticularlyitsmajorsettlementBarHarboraffordedsummerhomesforthewealthy.RecentlythoughBarHarborhasbecomearapidlygrowingartscommunityaswell.ButthebestpartoftheislandistheunspoiledforestlandknownasAcadiaNationalPark.Becausetileislandsitsontheboundarylinebetweenthetemperate温带andsub—Arcticzonestheislandsupperstheplantsandanimalsofbothzonesaswellasbeachinlandandalpine高山的plants.49TheestablishmentofAcadiaNationalParkin1916meansthatthisnaturalreservewillbeperpetuallyavailabletoallpeoplenotjustthewealthy.VisitorstoAcadiamayreceivenatureinstructionfromtheparknaturalistsaswellasenjoycampingcyclingandboatingOrtheymaychoosetospendtimeatthearcheologicalmuseumlearningabouttheStoneAgeinhabitantsoftheisland.ThebestviewonMt.DesertIslandisfromthetopofCadillacMountain.50FromthesummityoucangazebacktowardthemainlandoroutovertheAtlanticOceanandcontemplatethebeautycreatedbyaretreatingglacier.A.Thismountainrises1532feetmakingitthehighestmountainontheAtlanticseaboard.B.ItissplitalmostinhalfbySomesSoundadeepandnarrowstretchofwatersevenmileslong.C.ThewealthyresidentsofMt.DesertsIslandselfishlykeptittothemselves.D.Mt.Desertislandisoneofthemostfamousofalltheislandsleftbehindbytheglacier.E.Thetermcomesfromtheactivityoftheiceage.F.Italsoliesinamajorbirdmigrationlaneandisarestingspotformanybirds.
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CellPhones:HangUporKeepTalkingMillionsofpeopleareusingcellphonestoday.Inmanyplacesitisactuallyconsideredunusualnottouseone.Inmanycountriescellphonesareverypopularwithyoungpeople.Theyfindthatthephonesaremorethanameansofcommunication--havingamobilephoneshowsthattheyarecoolandconnected.Theexplosionsaroundtheworldinmobilephoneusemakesomehealthprofessionalsworried.Somedoctorsareconcernedthatinthefuturemanypeoplemaysufferhealthproblemsfromtheuseofmobilephones.InEngland.therehasbeenaseriousdebateaboutthisissue.Mobilephonecompaniesareworriedaboutthenegativepublicityofsuchideas.Theysaythatthereisnoproofthatmobilephonesarebadforyourhealth.OntheotherhandwhydosomemedicalstudiesshowchangesinthebraincellsofsomepeoplewhousemobilephonesSignsofchangeinthetissuesofthebrainandheadcanbedetectedwithmodernscanning扫描equipment.Inonecaseatravelingsalesmanhadtoretireatayoungagebecauseofseriousmemoryloss.Hecouldn’trememberevensimpletasks.Hewouldoftenforgetthenameofhisownson.Thismanusedtotalkonhismobilephoneforaboutsixhoursadayeverydayofhisworkingweekforacoupleofyears.Hisfamilydoctorblamedhismobilephoneusebuthisemployer’sdoctordidn’tagree.WhatisitthatmakesmobilephonespotentiallyharmfulTheanswerisradiation.High-techma-chinescandetectverysmallamountsofradiationfrommobilephones.Mobilephonecompaniesagreethatthereissomeradiationbuttheysaytheamountistoosmalltoworryabout.Asthediscussionabouttheirsafetycontinuesitappearsthatit’sbesttousemobilephoneslessoften.Useyourregularphoneifyouwanttotalkforalongtime.Useyourmobilephoneonlywhenyoureallyneedit.Mobilephonescanbeveryusefulandconvenientespeciallyinemergencies.Inthefuturemobilephonesmayhaveawarninglabelthatsaystheyarebadforyourhealth.Sofornowit’swisenottouseyourmobilephonetoooften.Onthesafetyissueofmobilephonesthemanufacturingcompanies
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Forsomeobscurereasonthesimplegameisbecomingverypopular.
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Pandemic大面积流行的H1N12009ThemostactiveareasofpandemicinfluenzatransmissioncurrentlyareincentralandeasternEurope.Focal集中的increasesinratesduringrecentweekwere51inatleasttwoeasternEuropeancountries.Ahighintensityofrespiratory呼吸的diseaseactivitywithconcurrent同时存在的circulationofpandemicinfluenzastill52inpartsofsouthernandeasternEurope53inGreecePolandandUkraine.InWesternEuropeinfluenzatransmissionremains54andwidespreadbutoveralldiseaseactivityhaspeaked.AllinfluenzavirusesinWesternEuropewerepandemicH1N1200955verysmallnumbersofseasonalinfluenzavirusescoveringlessthan1%ofallinfluenzavirusesfoundwerereportedinRussia.In56limitedavailabledataindicatethatactivehighintensitytransmissionisoccurringinNorthernAfricancountries57theMediterraneancoast.InCentralAsialimiteddata58thatinfluenzaviruscirculationremainsactivebuttransmissionmayhaverecentlypeakedinsomeplaces.InWestAsiaIsraelIranandIraqalsoappeartohavepassedtheir59periodoftransmissionwithinthepastmonththoughbothareascontinuetohavesomeactivetransmissionandlevelsofrespiratorydiseaseactivityhavenotyet60tobaselinelevels.InEastAsiainfluenzatransmissionremainsactivebutappearstobe61overall.SlightincreasesinILIwerereportedinMongoliaafterweeksofdecliningactivityfollowingalargepeakofactivity62onemonthage.InNorthAmericainfluenzatransmission63widespreadbuthasdeclinedquicklyinallcountries.InthetropicalregionsofCentralandSouthAmericaandtheCaribbeaninfluenzatransmis-sionremainsgeographicallywidespreadbutoveralldisease64hasbeendecliningorremainsunchangedinmostparts65forfocalincreasesinrespiratorydiseaseactivityinafewcountries.
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Pandemic大面积流行的H1N12009ThemostactiveareasofpandemicinfluenzatransmissioncurrentlyareincentralandeasternEurope.Focal集中的increasesinratesduringrecentweekwere51inatleasttwoeasternEuropeancountries.Ahighintensityofrespiratory呼吸的diseaseactivitywithconcurrent同时存在的circulationofpandemicinfluenzastill52inpartsofsouthernandeasternEurope53inGreecePolandandUkraine.InWesternEuropeinfluenzatransmissionremains54andwidespreadbutoveralldiseaseactivityhaspeaked.AllinfluenzavirusesinWesternEuropewerepandemicH1N1200955verysmallnumbersofseasonalinfluenzavirusescoveringlessthan1%ofallinfluenzavirusesfoundwerereportedinRussia.In56limitedavailabledataindicatethatactivehighintensitytransmissionisoccurringinNorthernAfricancountries57theMediterraneancoast.InCentralAsialimiteddata58thatinfluenzaviruscirculationremainsactivebuttransmissionmayhaverecentlypeakedinsomeplaces.InWestAsiaIsraelIranandIraqalsoappeartohavepassedtheir59periodoftransmissionwithinthepastmonththoughbothareascontinuetohavesomeactivetransmissionandlevelsofrespiratorydiseaseactivityhavenotyet60tobaselinelevels.InEastAsiainfluenzatransmissionremainsactivebutappearstobe61overall.SlightincreasesinILIwerereportedinMongoliaafterweeksofdecliningactivityfollowingalargepeakofactivity62onemonthage.InNorthAmericainfluenzatransmission63widespreadbuthasdeclinedquicklyinallcountries.InthetropicalregionsofCentralandSouthAmericaandtheCaribbeaninfluenzatransmis-sionremainsgeographicallywidespreadbutoveralldisease64hasbeendecliningorremainsunchangedinmostparts65forfocalincreasesinrespiratorydiseaseactivityinafewcountries.
Andersonleftthetableremarkingthathehadsomeworktodo.
BeAlerttoAntimicrobial抗微生物的ResistanceTheabilityofmicro-organismstofindwaystoavoidtheactionofthedrugsusedtocuretheinfectionstheycauseisincreasinglyrecognizedasaglobalpublichealthissue.Somebacteriahavedevelopedmechanismswhichmakethemresistanttomanyoftheantibiotics抗生素normallyusedfortheirtreatment.Theyareknownasmulti-drugresistantbacteriaposingparticulardifficultiesastheremaybefewornoalternativeoptionsfortherapy.Theyconstituteagrowingandglobalpublichealthproblem.WHOsuggeststhatcountriesshouldbepreparedtoimplementhospitalinfectioncontrolmeasurestolimitthespreadofmulti-drugresistantstrains菌株andtoreinforcenationalpolicyonprudentuseofantibioticsreducingthegenerationofantibioticresistantbacteria.AnarticlepublishedinTheLance!InfectiousDiseaseson11August2010identifiedanewgenethatenablessometypesofbacteriatobehighlyresistanttoalmostallantibiotics.Thearticlehasdrawnattentiontotheissueofantimicrobialresistanceandinparticularhasraisedawarenessofinfectionscausedbymulti-drugresistantbacteria.Whilemulti-drugresistantbacteriaarenotnewandwillcontinuetoappearthisdevelopmentrequiresmonitoringandfurtherstudytounderstandtheextentandmodesoftransmissionandtodefinethemosteffectivemeasuresforcontrol.Thosecalledupontobealerttotheproblemofantimicrobialresistanceandtakeappropriateactionincludeconsumersmanagersofhospitalspatientsaswellasnationalgovernmentsthepharma-ceutical制药的industryandinternationalagencies.WHOstronglyrecommendsthatgovernmentsfocuscontrolandpreventioneffortsinthefollowingareaslikesurveillanceforantimicrobialresistance;rationalantibioticuseincludingeducationofhealthcareworkersandthepublicintheappropriateuseofantibiotics;introducingorenforcinglegislationrelatedtostoppingthesellingofantibioticswithoutprescription;andstrictadherencetoinfectionpreventionandcontrolmeasuresincludingtheuseofhand-washingmeasuresparticularlyinhealthcarefacilities.Successfulcontrolofmultidrug-resistantmicroorganismshasbeendocumentedinmanycountriesandtheexistingandwell-knowninfectionpreventionandcontrolmeasurescaneffectivelyreducetransmissionofmulti-drugresistantorganismsifsystematicallyimplemented.WHOwillcontinuetosupportcountriestodeveloprelevantpoliciesandtocoordinateinternationaleffortstocombatantimicrobialresistance.AntimicrobialresistancewillbethethemeofWHO’sWorldHealthDay2011.Antimicrobialresistancehasbecomeaglobalpublichealthissuebecause
Itispossibletoapproachtheprobleminadifferentway.
Pandemic大面积流行的H1N12009ThemostactiveareasofpandemicinfluenzatransmissioncurrentlyareincentralandeasternEurope.Focal集中的increasesinratesduringrecentweekwere51inatleasttwoeasternEuropeancountries.Ahighintensityofrespiratory呼吸的diseaseactivitywithconcurrent同时存在的circulationofpandemicinfluenzastill52inpartsofsouthernandeasternEurope53inGreecePolandandUkraine.InWesternEuropeinfluenzatransmissionremains54andwidespreadbutoveralldiseaseactivityhaspeaked.AllinfluenzavirusesinWesternEuropewerepandemicH1N1200955verysmallnumbersofseasonalinfluenzavirusescoveringlessthan1%ofallinfluenzavirusesfoundwerereportedinRussia.In56limitedavailabledataindicatethatactivehighintensitytransmissionisoccurringinNorthernAfricancountries57theMediterraneancoast.InCentralAsialimiteddata58thatinfluenzaviruscirculationremainsactivebuttransmissionmayhaverecentlypeakedinsomeplaces.InWestAsiaIsraelIranandIraqalsoappeartohavepassedtheir59periodoftransmissionwithinthepastmonththoughbothareascontinuetohavesomeactivetransmissionandlevelsofrespiratorydiseaseactivityhavenotyet60tobaselinelevels.InEastAsiainfluenzatransmissionremainsactivebutappearstobe61overall.SlightincreasesinILIwerereportedinMongoliaafterweeksofdecliningactivityfollowingalargepeakofactivity62onemonthage.InNorthAmericainfluenzatransmission63widespreadbuthasdeclinedquicklyinallcountries.InthetropicalregionsofCentralandSouthAmericaandtheCaribbeaninfluenzatransmis-sionremainsgeographicallywidespreadbutoveralldisease64hasbeendecliningorremainsunchangedinmostparts65forfocalincreasesinrespiratorydiseaseactivityinafewcountries.
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