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{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ? ? Oceanography? ?Oceanography has been defined as "the application of a...
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C\WINDOWS\system32\config\SysEvent.Evt是windowsserv
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孙子兵法是我国现存最早的古代军事名著也是世界上最早的兵书共分为十三篇其中第二篇作战篇的中心思想
兵贵胜，不贵久
随机应变、灵活用兵
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使用间谍了解敌情
GPS定位接收平台主要包括GPS服务器以及GPS数据库以及车载GPS终端 第二篇高级计算机系统管理员
唐律疏议第二篇的篇名是
名例
卫禁
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南方电网公司市场营销业务模型说明书第二篇营销稽查分册13.9.2规定营 销稽查人员须在复查工作结束后
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自救器
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MemoryClass StanFieldknowswhatagecandotoaperson’’smemoryandhe’’snottakinganychanceswithhis.Hechooseshisfoodcarefullyandgetsplentyofexercise.Healsoavoidsstresscocacolaandcigarettesmoke. What’’smoreatbreakfasteachmorningthe69-year-oldchemicalengineerswallowsaplatefulofpillsinthehopeofboostinghisbrainpower. MichelleAmoveislessthanhalfField’’sagebutnolessconcernedabouthermemory.Whileworkingroundtheclocktofinishadegreeinfilmstudiesthe33-year-oldNewYorkerhadthealarmingsensationthatshehadstoppedretaininganything.Icouldn’’tevenremembernamesshesays.IthoughtOhnoI’’mover30.It’’salldownhillfromhere.BesidesloadinguponsupplementsAmovesignedupforamemoryenhancingcourseatNewYork’’sMountSianiMedicalCenter.Andwhenshegotthereshefoundherselfsurroundedbypeoplewhowerejustasworriedasshewas. FormillionsofAmericansandespeciallyforbabyboomers生育高峰出生的人thedemandsoftheInformationAgeconflictwithasenseofdecliningphysicalpower.Whenboomerswereintheir30sand40stheylaunchedthefitnessboomsaysCynthiaGreenthepsychologistwhoteachesMountSinai’’smemoryclass.Nowwehavethemental-fitnessboomMemoryistheboomers’’newlife-crisisissue.Andofcourseamajormarketingopportunity.ThedemandforbooksandseminarshasneverbeengreatersaysJackLannomalongtimememorytrainerwhoseweeklyTVshowMindUnlimitedgoesoutto33millionhomesontheChristianNetwork.Anxiousconsumersarerushingtobuydo-it-yourselfprogramsandsupplementmakersaretryingtoselleverythingbutsawdust木屑asabrainbooster. Butbeforeyougetoutyourcheckbookafewquestionsareinorder.Doeseverydayforgetfulnesssignaldecliningbrainfunction?Ismegamemory超级记忆arealisticgoalfornormalpeople?Andifyoucouldhaveaperfectmemorywouldyoureallywantit?Untilrecentlynoonecouldaddressthoseissueswithmuchauthoritybutourknowledgeofmemoryisexploding.Newtechniquesarerevealinghowdifferentpartsofthebraininteracttopreservemeaningfulexperiences.Biologistsaretryingtounderstandtheunderlying潜在的chemicalprocessesandneuroscientists神经系统科学家arediscoveringhowagestressandotherfactorscandisruptthem.Nooneisclosetofindingthesecrettoperfectrecallbutasyou’’llseethatmaybejustaswell. WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTindicatepeoplesenhancedawarenessoftheimportanceofmemory?
MemoryClass StanFieldknowswhatagecandotoaperson’’smemoryandhe’’snottakinganychanceswithhis.Hechooseshisfoodcarefullyandgetsplentyofexercise.Healsoavoidsstresscocacolaandcigarettesmoke. What’’smoreatbreakfasteachmorningthe69-year-oldchemicalengineerswallowsaplatefulofpillsinthehopeofboostinghisbrainpower. MichelleAmoveislessthanhalfField’’sagebutnolessconcernedabouthermemory.Whileworkingroundtheclocktofinishadegreeinfilmstudiesthe33-year-oldNewYorkerhadthealarmingsensationthatshehadstoppedretaininganything.Icouldn’’tevenremembernamesshesays.IthoughtOhnoI’’mover30.It’’salldownhillfromhere.BesidesloadinguponsupplementsAmovesignedupforamemoryenhancingcourseatNewYork’’sMountSianiMedicalCenter.Andwhenshegotthereshefoundherselfsurroundedbypeoplewhowerejustasworriedasshewas. FormillionsofAmericansandespeciallyforbabyboomers生育高峰出生的人thedemandsoftheInformationAgeconflictwithasenseofdecliningphysicalpower.Whenboomerswereintheir30sand40stheylaunchedthefitnessboomsaysCynthiaGreenthepsychologistwhoteachesMountSinai’’smemoryclass.Nowwehavethemental-fitnessboomMemoryistheboomers’’newlife-crisisissue.Andofcourseamajormarketingopportunity.ThedemandforbooksandseminarshasneverbeengreatersaysJackLannomalongtimememorytrainerwhoseweeklyTVshowMindUnlimitedgoesoutto33millionhomesontheChristianNetwork.Anxiousconsumersarerushingtobuydo-it-yourselfprogramsandsupplementmakersaretryingtoselleverythingbutsawdust木屑asabrainbooster. Butbeforeyougetoutyourcheckbookafewquestionsareinorder.Doeseverydayforgetfulnesssignaldecliningbrainfunction?Ismegamemory超级记忆arealisticgoalfornormalpeople?Andifyoucouldhaveaperfectmemorywouldyoureallywantit?Untilrecentlynoonecouldaddressthoseissueswithmuchauthoritybutourknowledgeofmemoryisexploding.Newtechniquesarerevealinghowdifferentpartsofthebraininteracttopreservemeaningfulexperiences.Biologistsaretryingtounderstandtheunderlying潜在的chemicalprocessesandneuroscientists神经系统科学家arediscoveringhowagestressandotherfactorscandisruptthem.Nooneisclosetofindingthesecrettoperfectrecallbutasyou’’llseethatmaybejustaswell. Whatisthemeaningofworkingroundtheclock?
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
Thesisterscan’’ttolerateeachother.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
TheAttitudeForComputers AsDr.SamuelJohnsonsaidinadifferenteraaboutladiespreachingthesurprisingthingaboutcomputersisnotthattheythinklesswellthanamanbutthattheythinkatall.Theearlyelectroniccomputerdidnothavemuchgoingforitexceptamarvelousmemoryandsomegoodmathskills.Buttodaythebestmodelscanbewireduptolearnbyexperiencefollowanargumentaskproperquestionsandwritepoetryandmusic.Theycanalsocarryonsomewhatpuzzlingconversations. Computersimitatelife.Ascomputersgetmorecompletetheimitationgetsbetter.Finallythelinebetweentheoriginalandthecopybecomesunclear.Inanother15yearsorsowewillseethecomputerasanewformoflife. Theopinionseemsridiculousbecauseforonethingcomputerslackthedrivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures.Butdrivescanbeprogrammedintothecomputer’’sbrainjustasnatureprogrammedthemintoourhumanbrainsasapartoftheequipmentforsurvival. Computersmatchpeopleinsomerolesandwhenfastdecisionsareneededinacrisistheyoftensurpassthem.Havingevolvedwhenthepaceoflifewasslowerthehumanbrainhasaninherentdefectthatpreventsitfromabsorbingseveralstreamsofinformationsimultaneouslyandactingonthemquickly.Throwtoomanythingsatthebrainatonetimeanditfreezesup. Wearestillincontrolbutthecapabilitiesofcomputersareincreasingatafantasticratewhilerawhumanintelligenceischangingslowlyifatall.Computerpowerhasincreasedtentimeseveryeightyearssince1946.Inthe1990swhenthesixthgenerationappearsthereasoningpowerofanintelligencebuiltoutofsiliconwillbegintomatchthatofthehumanbrain. Thatdoesnotmeantheevolutionofintelligencehasendedontheearth.Judgingbythepastwecanexpectthatanewspecieswillariseoutofmansurpassinghisachievementsashehassurpassedthoseofhispredecessor.Onlyacarbonchemistryenthusiastwouldassumethatthespeciesmustbeman’’sflesh-and-blooddescendants.Thenewkindofintelligentlifeismorelikelytobemadeofsilicon. Intermsofmakingdecisionsthehumanbraincannotbecomparedwiththecomputerbecauseinthelongproceduresofevolutiontheslowpaceoflifedidn’trequiresuchanabilityofthehumanbrain.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
CommunicationProblems After20yearsofresearchmycolleaguesandIhavediscoveredthatallcommunicationinvolvesourbodiessometimesprofoundly.Whilewespeakwithwordswealsospeakwitheveryfiberofourbeing.Thislanguageoftheheartisintegraltothehealthandemotionallifeofallofus. Wefoundthatevenapleasantchatabouttheweathercanaffectthecardiovascular心血管性的systemparticularlybloodpressure.Thetraditionalwayoftakingbloodpressure—withastethoscope听诊器—meantthatthepatienthadtokeepsilentandthissilencepreventedcliniciansfromdiscoveringthelinkbetweencommunicationandbloodpressure. Thebreakthroughinourstudiesoccurredin1977whenwemetEdatypicalhypertensivepatientwhocametotheUniversityofMaryland’’sPsychophysiologyCenterfortreatment.WehookedupEdtoanewcom?puterthatcouldcontinuouslymonitorbloodpressure.Wefoundthathispressureimmediatelyincreasedeverytimehespokeevenifhewasdiscussingthemostneutraltopic.WhatwasmoresurprisingwasthatEdwasunawareofthesechanges. Thisfindingsointrigueduswebegantestingothers.Theresultswerethesame.Bloodpressureandheartrateroserapidlywheneverpeopletalked.Weaskedstudentstoreadaloudfromabland乏味的text.Theirbloodpressureandheartrateroserapidlyeverytime.Wetested38deaf-mutevolunteers.Whenthesepeoplesignedtheirbloodpressurealsoincreased.Thisconfirmedoursuspicionthatitwastheactofcommunicationnotjusttalkingthatledtothesechanges. Mostnormaltalkisaseesaw一上一下的动作.Therisingofbloodpressurewhenonetalksisbalancedbyarapidloweringofpressurewhenonelistens.Buttherhythmisoutofsynclinalhypertensives.Theyfluentlyfailtolisten;theyareonguarddefensive.Sotheirpressurestaysup. ThebenefitsoflisteningareseenintheorientingreflexdiscoveredbyPavlov.Whenadoghearsasoundorseesmovementitwillstopallactivityandcockitshead.AnotherRussianscientistE.N.Soklornoticedthatthedog’’sheartrateslows. Asimilarresponseoccursinpeopletoo—anditlowersbloodactivities:readingoutloudstaringatablankwallandwatchingfishinatank.Bloodpressurewashingtestwhenthepeoplespoke.Butitwaslowestwhentheywatchedthefishratherthanwhentheysimplysatandrelaxed.Whetherwatchingfishorlisteningtoanotherpersonattendingcalmlytotheworldoutsideyourselfhelpslowerbloodpressure.WhenIgothypertensivestolistenundefensivelytheirbloodpressureoftenfelldramatically. Whydosomepeoplefindtalkingsostressfulandlisteningsodifficult?Itestedsomehealthynewborns.Whentheycriedtheirbloodpressureoftendoubled.Webeganthinkingaboutpressuresurgesinhypertensivesassimilartothechangeswhenababycries.Thoughcalmonthesurfacewhiletalkingtheirbodiesarescreamingtobeheard.Forthesepeoplecommunicationbecomesadesperatebuthiddenstruggle.Insidetheiradultbodiesisababycryingterrifiedbecausenoonecanhearit. Sohowcanweenjoyconversationyetkeepbloodpressuredown?Bylisteningmorebybreathingregularlywhiletalkingbyalternatingbetweentalkingandpayingattentiontowhattheotherpersonissaying.Butwhatcanhypertensivesdo?Treatmentsthatteachthemtofocusontheirrelationshipandhowtocommunicateinarelaxedwaycanbeastarttowardhealth. Wecanunderstandandcopewithillnessonlywhenweviewourselvesaspartofacomplexworldbeyondtheconfinesofourownindividualskin.Theresponseofourheartsbloodvesselsandmuscleswhenwecommunicatewithspousechildrenfriendsandcolleaguesisasvitaltoourcardiovascularhealthasisexerciseordiet. Fromthearticlewecanconcludethat______.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
CommunicationProblems After20yearsofresearchmycolleaguesandIhavediscoveredthatallcommunicationinvolvesourbodiessometimesprofoundly.Whilewespeakwithwordswealsospeakwitheveryfiberofourbeing.Thislanguageoftheheartisintegraltothehealthandemotionallifeofallofus. Wefoundthatevenapleasantchatabouttheweathercanaffectthecardiovascular心血管性的systemparticularlybloodpressure.Thetraditionalwayoftakingbloodpressure—withastethoscope听诊器—meantthatthepatienthadtokeepsilentandthissilencepreventedcliniciansfromdiscoveringthelinkbetweencommunicationandbloodpressure. Thebreakthroughinourstudiesoccurredin1977whenwemetEdatypicalhypertensivepatientwhocametotheUniversityofMaryland’’sPsychophysiologyCenterfortreatment.WehookedupEdtoanewcom?puterthatcouldcontinuouslymonitorbloodpressure.Wefoundthathispressureimmediatelyincreasedeverytimehespokeevenifhewasdiscussingthemostneutraltopic.WhatwasmoresurprisingwasthatEdwasunawareofthesechanges. Thisfindingsointrigueduswebegantestingothers.Theresultswerethesame.Bloodpressureandheartrateroserapidlywheneverpeopletalked.Weaskedstudentstoreadaloudfromabland乏味的text.Theirbloodpressureandheartrateroserapidlyeverytime.Wetested38deaf-mutevolunteers.Whenthesepeoplesignedtheirbloodpressurealsoincreased.Thisconfirmedoursuspicionthatitwastheactofcommunicationnotjusttalkingthatledtothesechanges. Mostnormaltalkisaseesaw一上一下的动作.Therisingofbloodpressurewhenonetalksisbalancedbyarapidloweringofpressurewhenonelistens.Buttherhythmisoutofsynclinalhypertensives.Theyfluentlyfailtolisten;theyareonguarddefensive.Sotheirpressurestaysup. ThebenefitsoflisteningareseenintheorientingreflexdiscoveredbyPavlov.Whenadoghearsasoundorseesmovementitwillstopallactivityandcockitshead.AnotherRussianscientistE.N.Soklornoticedthatthedog’’sheartrateslows. Asimilarresponseoccursinpeopletoo—anditlowersbloodactivities:readingoutloudstaringatablankwallandwatchingfishinatank.Bloodpressurewashingtestwhenthepeoplespoke.Butitwaslowestwhentheywatchedthefishratherthanwhentheysimplysatandrelaxed.Whetherwatchingfishorlisteningtoanotherpersonattendingcalmlytotheworldoutsideyourselfhelpslowerbloodpressure.WhenIgothypertensivestolistenundefensivelytheirbloodpressureoftenfelldramatically. Whydosomepeoplefindtalkingsostressfulandlisteningsodifficult?Itestedsomehealthynewborns.Whentheycriedtheirbloodpressureoftendoubled.Webeganthinkingaboutpressuresurgesinhypertensivesassimilartothechangeswhenababycries.Thoughcalmonthesurfacewhiletalkingtheirbodiesarescreamingtobeheard.Forthesepeoplecommunicationbecomesadesperatebuthiddenstruggle.Insidetheiradultbodiesisababycryingterrifiedbecausenoonecanhearit. Sohowcanweenjoyconversationyetkeepbloodpressuredown?Bylisteningmorebybreathingregularlywhiletalkingbyalternatingbetweentalkingandpayingattentiontowhattheotherpersonissaying.Butwhatcanhypertensivesdo?Treatmentsthatteachthemtofocusontheirrelationshipandhowtocommunicateinarelaxedwaycanbeastarttowardhealth. Wecanunderstandandcopewithillnessonlywhenweviewourselvesaspartofacomplexworldbeyondtheconfinesofourownindividualskin.Theresponseofourheartsbloodvesselsandmuscleswhenwecommunicatewithspousechildrenfriendsandcolleaguesisasvitaltoourcardiovascularhealthasisexerciseordiet. IntheninthparagraphthesentenceTheyfrequentlyfailedtolistenmeans______.
Evenbeforeaninfantisborntinyteetharedevelopingwithinhisgums.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
TheAsianFluVirus In1957adoctorinSingaporenoticedthathospitalsweretreatinganunusualnumberofinfluenza-likecases.Influenzaissometimescalledfluorasbadcold.Hetookspecimensfromthethroatsofpatientsinhishospitalandwasabletofindthevirusofthisinfluenza. Therearethreemaintypesoftheinfluenzavirus.ThemostimportantofthesearetypesAandBeachofthemhavingseveralsub-groups.WiththeinstrumentsatthehospitalthedoctorrecognizedthattheoutbreakwasduetoavirusgroupAbuthedidnotknowthesub-group.HereportedtheoutbreaktotheWorldHealthOrganizationinGeneva.W.H.0.publishedtheimportantnewsalongsidereportsofasimilaroutbreakinHongKongwhereabout15%-20%ofthepopulationhadbecomeill. AssoonastheLondondoctorsreceivedthepackageofthroatsamplestheybeganthestandardtests.Theyfoundthatbyreproducingitselfataveryhighspeedthevirushadmultipliedmorethanamilliontimeswithintwodays.Continuingtheircarefulteststhedoctorscheckedtheeffectofdrugsusedagainstalltheknownsub-groupsoftypeAvirusonthisvirus.Noneofthemgaveanyprotection.Thisthenwassomethingnew:anewinfluenzavirusagainstwhichthepeopleoftheworldhadnoreadyhelpwhatsoever. Havingisolatedthevirustheywereworkingwiththetwodoctorsnowconductedtestsonsomespeciallyselectedanimalswhichcontractinfluenzainthesamewayashumanbeingsdo.Inashorttimetheusualsignsofthediseaseappeared.Theseexperimentsrevealedthatthenewvirusspreadeasilybutthatitwasnotakiller.ScientistslikegeneralpubliccalleditsimplyAsianflu. Thewordspecimensinpara1means______.
Ifwoolisputintohotwaterittendstoshrink.
TheAttitudeForComputers AsDr.SamuelJohnsonsaidinadifferenteraaboutladiespreachingthesurprisingthingaboutcomputersisnotthattheythinklesswellthanamanbutthattheythinkatall.Theearlyelectroniccomputerdidnothavemuchgoingforitexceptamarvelousmemoryandsomegoodmathskills.Buttodaythebestmodelscanbewireduptolearnbyexperiencefollowanargumentaskproperquestionsandwritepoetryandmusic.Theycanalsocarryonsomewhatpuzzlingconversations. Computersimitatelife.Ascomputersgetmorecompletetheimitationgetsbetter.Finallythelinebetweentheoriginalandthecopybecomesunclear.Inanother15yearsorsowewillseethecomputerasanewformoflife. Theopinionseemsridiculousbecauseforonethingcomputerslackthedrivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures.Butdrivescanbeprogrammedintothecomputer’’sbrainjustasnatureprogrammedthemintoourhumanbrainsasapartoftheequipmentforsurvival. Computersmatchpeopleinsomerolesandwhenfastdecisionsareneededinacrisistheyoftensurpassthem.Havingevolvedwhenthepaceoflifewasslowerthehumanbrainhasaninherentdefectthatpreventsitfromabsorbingseveralstreamsofinformationsimultaneouslyandactingonthemquickly.Throwtoomanythingsatthebrainatonetimeanditfreezesup. Wearestillincontrolbutthecapabilitiesofcomputersareincreasingatafantasticratewhilerawhumanintelligenceischangingslowlyifatall.Computerpowerhasincreasedtentimeseveryeightyearssince1946.Inthe1990swhenthesixthgenerationappearsthereasoningpowerofanintelligencebuiltoutofsiliconwillbegintomatchthatofthehumanbrain. Thatdoesnotmeantheevolutionofintelligencehasendedontheearth.Judgingbythepastwecanexpectthatanewspecieswillariseoutofmansurpassinghisachievementsashehassurpassedthoseofhispredecessor.Onlyacarbonchemistryenthusiastwouldassumethatthespeciesmustbeman’’sflesh-and-blooddescendants.Thenewkindofintelligentlifeismorelikelytobemadeofsilicon. Somedayitwillbedifficulttotellacomputerfromaman.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
TheAttitudeForComputers AsDr.SamuelJohnsonsaidinadifferenteraaboutladiespreachingthesurprisingthingaboutcomputersisnotthattheythinklesswellthanamanbutthattheythinkatall.Theearlyelectroniccomputerdidnothavemuchgoingforitexceptamarvelousmemoryandsomegoodmathskills.Buttodaythebestmodelscanbewireduptolearnbyexperiencefollowanargumentaskproperquestionsandwritepoetryandmusic.Theycanalsocarryonsomewhatpuzzlingconversations. Computersimitatelife.Ascomputersgetmorecompletetheimitationgetsbetter.Finallythelinebetweentheoriginalandthecopybecomesunclear.Inanother15yearsorsowewillseethecomputerasanewformoflife. Theopinionseemsridiculousbecauseforonethingcomputerslackthedrivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures.Butdrivescanbeprogrammedintothecomputer’’sbrainjustasnatureprogrammedthemintoourhumanbrainsasapartoftheequipmentforsurvival. Computersmatchpeopleinsomerolesandwhenfastdecisionsareneededinacrisistheyoftensurpassthem.Havingevolvedwhenthepaceoflifewasslowerthehumanbrainhasaninherentdefectthatpreventsitfromabsorbingseveralstreamsofinformationsimultaneouslyandactingonthemquickly.Throwtoomanythingsatthebrainatonetimeanditfreezesup. Wearestillincontrolbutthecapabilitiesofcomputersareincreasingatafantasticratewhilerawhumanintelligenceischangingslowlyifatall.Computerpowerhasincreasedtentimeseveryeightyearssince1946.Inthe1990swhenthesixthgenerationappearsthereasoningpowerofanintelligencebuiltoutofsiliconwillbegintomatchthatofthehumanbrain. Thatdoesnotmeantheevolutionofintelligencehasendedontheearth.Judgingbythepastwecanexpectthatanewspecieswillariseoutofmansurpassinghisachievementsashehassurpassedthoseofhispredecessor.Onlyacarbonchemistryenthusiastwouldassumethatthespeciesmustbeman’’sflesh-and-blooddescendants.Thenewkindofintelligentlifeismorelikelytobemadeofsilicon. Futuremanwillbemadeofsiliconinsteadoffleshandblood.
TheAsianFluVirus In1957adoctorinSingaporenoticedthathospitalsweretreatinganunusualnumberofinfluenza-likecases.Influenzaissometimescalledfluorasbadcold.Hetookspecimensfromthethroatsofpatientsinhishospitalandwasabletofindthevirusofthisinfluenza. Therearethreemaintypesoftheinfluenzavirus.ThemostimportantofthesearetypesAandBeachofthemhavingseveralsub-groups.WiththeinstrumentsatthehospitalthedoctorrecognizedthattheoutbreakwasduetoavirusgroupAbuthedidnotknowthesub-group.HereportedtheoutbreaktotheWorldHealthOrganizationinGeneva.W.H.0.publishedtheimportantnewsalongsidereportsofasimilaroutbreakinHongKongwhereabout15%-20%ofthepopulationhadbecomeill. AssoonastheLondondoctorsreceivedthepackageofthroatsamplestheybeganthestandardtests.Theyfoundthatbyreproducingitselfataveryhighspeedthevirushadmultipliedmorethanamilliontimeswithintwodays.Continuingtheircarefulteststhedoctorscheckedtheeffectofdrugsusedagainstalltheknownsub-groupsoftypeAvirusonthisvirus.Noneofthemgaveanyprotection.Thisthenwassomethingnew:anewinfluenzavirusagainstwhichthepeopleoftheworldhadnoreadyhelpwhatsoever. Havingisolatedthevirustheywereworkingwiththetwodoctorsnowconductedtestsonsomespeciallyselectedanimalswhichcontractinfluenzainthesamewayashumanbeingsdo.Inashorttimetheusualsignsofthediseaseappeared.Theseexperimentsrevealedthatthenewvirusspreadeasilybutthatitwasnotakiller.ScientistslikegeneralpubliccalleditsimplyAsianflu. Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.
TheAttitudeForComputers AsDr.SamuelJohnsonsaidinadifferenteraaboutladiespreachingthesurprisingthingaboutcomputersisnotthattheythinklesswellthanamanbutthattheythinkatall.Theearlyelectroniccomputerdidnothavemuchgoingforitexceptamarvelousmemoryandsomegoodmathskills.Buttodaythebestmodelscanbewireduptolearnbyexperiencefollowanargumentaskproperquestionsandwritepoetryandmusic.Theycanalsocarryonsomewhatpuzzlingconversations. Computersimitatelife.Ascomputersgetmorecompletetheimitationgetsbetter.Finallythelinebetweentheoriginalandthecopybecomesunclear.Inanother15yearsorsowewillseethecomputerasanewformoflife. Theopinionseemsridiculousbecauseforonethingcomputerslackthedrivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures.Butdrivescanbeprogrammedintothecomputer’’sbrainjustasnatureprogrammedthemintoourhumanbrainsasapartoftheequipmentforsurvival. Computersmatchpeopleinsomerolesandwhenfastdecisionsareneededinacrisistheyoftensurpassthem.Havingevolvedwhenthepaceoflifewasslowerthehumanbrainhasaninherentdefectthatpreventsitfromabsorbingseveralstreamsofinformationsimultaneouslyandactingonthemquickly.Throwtoomanythingsatthebrainatonetimeanditfreezesup. Wearestillincontrolbutthecapabilitiesofcomputersareincreasingatafantasticratewhilerawhumanintelligenceischangingslowlyifatall.Computerpowerhasincreasedtentimeseveryeightyearssince1946.Inthe1990swhenthesixthgenerationappearsthereasoningpowerofanintelligencebuiltoutofsiliconwillbegintomatchthatofthehumanbrain. Thatdoesnotmeantheevolutionofintelligencehasendedontheearth.Judgingbythepastwecanexpectthatanewspecieswillariseoutofmansurpassinghisachievementsashehassurpassedthoseofhispredecessor.Onlyacarbonchemistryenthusiastwouldassumethatthespeciesmustbeman’’sflesh-and-blooddescendants.Thenewkindofintelligentlifeismorelikelytobemadeofsilicon. Dr.SamuelJohsondisapprovedofladiestopreach.
TheshortstoriesofKatherineMansfielddemonstrateherkeenperceptionsofhumancharacter.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
Itiseasiertoadapttonewsituationsifonehasaflexibleattitude.
TheAsianFluVirus In1957adoctorinSingaporenoticedthathospitalsweretreatinganunusualnumberofinfluenza-likecases.Influenzaissometimescalledfluorasbadcold.Hetookspecimensfromthethroatsofpatientsinhishospitalandwasabletofindthevirusofthisinfluenza. Therearethreemaintypesoftheinfluenzavirus.ThemostimportantofthesearetypesAandBeachofthemhavingseveralsub-groups.WiththeinstrumentsatthehospitalthedoctorrecognizedthattheoutbreakwasduetoavirusgroupAbuthedidnotknowthesub-group.HereportedtheoutbreaktotheWorldHealthOrganizationinGeneva.W.H.0.publishedtheimportantnewsalongsidereportsofasimilaroutbreakinHongKongwhereabout15%-20%ofthepopulationhadbecomeill. AssoonastheLondondoctorsreceivedthepackageofthroatsamplestheybeganthestandardtests.Theyfoundthatbyreproducingitselfataveryhighspeedthevirushadmultipliedmorethanamilliontimeswithintwodays.Continuingtheircarefulteststhedoctorscheckedtheeffectofdrugsusedagainstalltheknownsub-groupsoftypeAvirusonthisvirus.Noneofthemgaveanyprotection.Thisthenwassomethingnew:anewinfluenzavirusagainstwhichthepeopleoftheworldhadnoreadyhelpwhatsoever. Havingisolatedthevirustheywereworkingwiththetwodoctorsnowconductedtestsonsomespeciallyselectedanimalswhichcontractinfluenzainthesamewayashumanbeingsdo.Inashorttimetheusualsignsofthediseaseappeared.Theseexperimentsrevealedthatthenewvirusspreadeasilybutthatitwasnotakiller.ScientistslikegeneralpubliccalleditsimplyAsianflu. TheAsianfluvirus______.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
Althoughyouarebusyyoumustallowforyourhealth.
Astudentstickingcloselytothedisciplinesoftheschoolisoftenpraisedbythemasterandteachers.
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