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Mother Nature Shows Her Strength Tornadoes(龙卷风)and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Gre...
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I’velovedmymother’sdesksinceIwasjusttallenoughtose
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短文改错MyMother—AWomanIAdmireMostThewomanwhomIadmirem
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MotoringTechnology1.2millionroaddeathsworldwideoccureachyearplusafurther50millioninjuries.Toreducecarcrashratemuchresearchnowisfocusedonsafetyandnewfuelsthoughsomeelectricvehicleandbiofuelresearchaimsatgoingfaster.Travelingatspeedhasalwaysbeendangerous.Oneadvancedareaofresearchinmotoringsafetyistheuseofdigitalin-carassistants.Theycanensureyoudon’tmissimportantroadsignsorfallasleep.Mostcrashesresultfromhumanandnotmechanicalfaults.Somesafetydevelopmentsaimtoimproveyourvision.Radarcanspotobstaclesinfogwhileothertechnologyseesthroughbigvehiclesblockingyourview.Andimprovementstoseatbeltspedal脚踏controlsandtiresaremakingdrivingsmootherandsafer.Thecolorofacarhasbeenfoundtobelinkedwithsafetyashavelesssurprisinglysizeandshape.Butwhateverisinthefueltankyoudon’twantathiefinthedrivingseatandtherehavebeenmanyinnovations创新.Satellitetrackingandremotecommunicationscanalsocomeintoplayifyoucrashautomaticallycallingforhelp.Accidentscausemanytrafficjamsbuttherearemoresubtleinterplaysbetweenvehiclesthatcancausejamsevenonaclearbutbusyroad.Suchjamscanbeanalyzedusingstatisticaltools.Roboticdriverscouldbeprogrammedtomaketrafficflowsmoothlyandwillperhapsonedaybeeveryone’spersonalchauffeur司机buttheirlatesteffortssuggestthatwon’tbesoon.Satellitetrackingandremotecommunicationsystemscanbeusedto______.
MotoringTechnology1.2millionroaddeathsworldwideoccureachyearplusafurther50millioninjuries.Toreducecarcrashratemuchresearchnowisfocusedonsafetyandnewfuelsthoughsomeelectricvehicleandbiofuelresearchaimsatgoingfaster.Travelingatspeedhasalwaysbeendangerous.Oneadvancedareaofresearchinmotoringsafetyistheuseofdigitalin-carassistants.Theycanensureyoudon’tmissimportantroadsignsorfallasleep.Mostcrashesresultfromhumanandnotmechanicalfaults.Somesafetydevelopmentsaimtoimproveyourvision.Radarcanspotobstaclesinfogwhileothertechnologyseesthroughbigvehiclesblockingyourview.Andimprovementstoseatbeltspedal脚踏controlsandtiresaremakingdrivingsmootherandsafer.Thecolorofacarhasbeenfoundtobelinkedwithsafetyashavelesssurprisinglysizeandshape.Butwhateverisinthefueltankyoudon’twantathiefinthedrivingseatandtherehavebeenmanyinnovations创新.Satellitetrackingandremotecommunicationscanalsocomeintoplayifyoucrashautomaticallycallingforhelp.Accidentscausemanytrafficjamsbuttherearemoresubtleinterplaysbetweenvehiclesthatcancausejamsevenonaclearbutbusyroad.Suchjamscanbeanalyzedusingstatisticaltools.Roboticdriverscouldbeprogrammedtomaketrafficflowsmoothlyandwillperhapsonedaybeeveryone’spersonalchauffeur司机buttheirlatesteffortssuggestthatwon’tbesoon.Accordingtothesecondparagraphmostroadaccidentshappendueto______.
Theyboughtthelandinordertobuildanewofficeblock.
LateralThinkingLateralthinking迂回思维firstdescribedbyEdwarddeBonoin1967isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.YoumightimaginethatCasparwasraisedtobeanadventurousthinkerbutdeBononamewassofamousCasper’sparentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschoolhisteachersmightsnapWheredoyougetthatideafromWehadtobecarefulandnotoverdoitEdwardadmits.NowCasperisatOxford——whichoncelookedunlikelybecauseheisalsoslightlydyslexic通读困难.InfactwhenhewasapplyingtoOxfordnoneofhisschoolteachersthoughthehadachance.Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessionshisfathersaysusingmytechniquesandwhenhewentupfortheexamhedidextremelywell.SoonafterEdwarddeBonodecidedtowritehislatestbookTeachYourChildrenHowtoThinkinwhichhetransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrentoshare.Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogicalsequenceandeverybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.Soisn’titanuphillbattletryingtoteachthemtothinkYouknowEdwarddeBonosaysifyouexaminepeople’sthinkingitisquiteunusualtofindfaultsoflogic.Butthefaultsofperceptionarehuge!Oftenwethinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.TeachYourChildHowtoThinkofferslessonsinperceptionimprovementofclearlyseeingtheimplicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthealternatives.WhatisTRUEaboutCasper_______
{{*HTML*}}??????????????????TeachYourChildScience1?Itisimportanttomakeyourchildinterestedinsciencefromanearlyage.Mostyoungchildrenaskalotofquestionsandyoushouldgivecarefulscientificanswers.Don’tonlygivefactsbuttrytogiveexplanationsaswell.2?Scienceisnotjustknowledge;itisawayofthinkingamethodoffindingoutabouttheworld.Weseesomething.Wetrytoexplainitandwetestourideabysettingupanexperiment.Onedayyoucomehomeandfindtheplantonthetablehasfallenover.Youthinkitmightbethewindfromtheopenwindoworthecatsoyouclosethewindowbutleavethecatinandseewhathappensyoucanalsotryleavingthewindowopenandshuttingthecatout.Ofcourseyouremembertheremaybeathirdexplanation.3?Askyourchildtogetapieceofstringsomesaltaglassofwaterandanicecube冰块.Tellhertoputtheiceinthewaterandthenputoneendofthestringontheiceleavingtheotherendoverthesideoftheglass.Putalittlesaltontheice.Waitaminuteandthenpullthestring;itshouldbeattachedtotheice.Askthechild:Whathashappened?4?Probablyshewon’tknow.Askherwhetherfreshwaterorsaltwaterfreezesintoicefirst.Ifyouliveneartheseaandhaveacoldwintersheshouldknowfreshwaterfreezesfirstasshewillhaveseenthathappen.Showherhowtotesttheideabyhalf-fillingtwopapercupswithwateraddingsalttoone.Thenputthemintheiceboxandcheckeverythreeminutes.Writetheresultsinatable.Theconclusionwillbethatsaltchangesthebehaviourofwater.Thinkingaboutthestringweseethesaltturnedsomeoftheiceintowater.Thenthesaltwentawayintothewaterandtheicefrozeagainleavingthestringattached.5?ThenyoucanaskWillwaterwithsaltboilatthesametemperatureaswaterwithoutsalt?Shecanthinktellyouherideaandyoucantestitinthekitchen.takecarebecauseoftheheatTheexperimentshowsthatsaltchangesthebehaviourof______.
{{*HTML*}}??????????????????TeachYourChildScience1?Itisimportanttomakeyourchildinterestedinsciencefromanearlyage.Mostyoungchildrenaskalotofquestionsandyoushouldgivecarefulscientificanswers.Don’tonlygivefactsbuttrytogiveexplanationsaswell.2?Scienceisnotjustknowledge;itisawayofthinkingamethodoffindingoutabouttheworld.Weseesomething.Wetrytoexplainitandwetestourideabysettingupanexperiment.Onedayyoucomehomeandfindtheplantonthetablehasfallenover.Youthinkitmightbethewindfromtheopenwindoworthecatsoyouclosethewindowbutleavethecatinandseewhathappensyoucanalsotryleavingthewindowopenandshuttingthecatout.Ofcourseyouremembertheremaybeathirdexplanation.3?Askyourchildtogetapieceofstringsomesaltaglassofwaterandanicecube冰块.Tellhertoputtheiceinthewaterandthenputoneendofthestringontheiceleavingtheotherendoverthesideoftheglass.Putalittlesaltontheice.Waitaminuteandthenpullthestring;itshouldbeattachedtotheice.Askthechild:Whathashappened?4?Probablyshewon’tknow.Askherwhetherfreshwaterorsaltwaterfreezesintoicefirst.Ifyouliveneartheseaandhaveacoldwintersheshouldknowfreshwaterfreezesfirstasshewillhaveseenthathappen.Showherhowtotesttheideabyhalf-fillingtwopapercupswithwateraddingsalttoone.Thenputthemintheiceboxandcheckeverythreeminutes.Writetheresultsinatable.Theconclusionwillbethatsaltchangesthebehaviourofwater.Thinkingaboutthestringweseethesaltturnedsomeoftheiceintowater.Thenthesaltwentawayintothewaterandtheicefrozeagainleavingthestringattached.5?ThenyoucanaskWillwaterwithsaltboilatthesametemperatureaswaterwithoutsalt?Shecanthinktellyouherideaandyoucantestitinthekitchen.takecarebecauseoftheheatParagraph4______.
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EnvironmentalProtectionThedestructionofournaturalresourcesandcontaminationofourfoodsupplycontinuetooccurlargelybecauseoftheextremedifficultyinaffixing把固定legalresponsibilityonthosewhocontinuetotreatourenvironmentwithrecklessabandon放任.Attemptstopreventpollutionbylegislationeconomicincentivesandfriendlypersuasionhavebeenmetbylawsuitspersonalandindustrialdenialandlongdelays-notonlyinacceptingresponsibilitybutmoreimportantlyindoingsomethingaboutit.Itseemsthatonlywhengovernmentdecidesitcanaffordtaxincentivesorproductionsacrificesthereisanyinitiativeforchange.Whereisindustry’sandourrecognitionthatprotectingmankind’sgreattreasureisthesinglemostimportantresponsibilityIfevertherewillbetimeforenvironmentalhealthprofessionalstocometothefrostinessandprovideleadershiptosolveenvironmentalproblemsthattimeisnow.Wearebeingaskedandinfactthepublicisdemandingthatwetakepositiveaction.Itisourresponsibilityasprofessionalsinenvironmentalhealthtomakethedifference.Yestheecologiststheenvironmentalactivistsandtheconservationistsservetocommunicatestimulatethinkingandpromotebehavioralchange.HoweveritisthoseofuswhoarepaidtomakethedecisionstodevelopimproveandenforceenvironmentalstandardsIsubmitwhomustleadthecharge.Wemustrecognizethatenvironmentalhealthissuesdonotstopatcitylimitscountylinesstateorevenfederalboundaries.Wecannolongeraffordtobetunnel-visionedinourapproach.Wemustvisualizeissuesfromeveryperspectivetomaketheobjectivedecisions.Wemustexpressourviewsclearlytopreventmediadistortionandpublicconfusion.Ibelievewehaveathree-partmissionforthepresent.Firstwemustcontinuetopressforimprovementsinthequalityoflifethatpeoplecanmakeforthemselves.Secondwemustinvestigateandunderstandthelinkbetweenenvironmentandhealth.Thirdwemustbeabletocommunicatetechnicalinformationinaformthatcitizenscanunderstand.Ifwecanaccomplishthesethreegoalsinthisdecademaybewecanfinallystopenvironmentaldegradationandnotmerelyholditback.Wewillthenbeabletospendpollutiondollarstrulyonpreventionratherthanonbandages.Themaintasknowfacingecologistsenvironmentalactivistsandconservationistsis______.
{{*HTML*}}Semco??At21RicardoSemlerbecamebossofhisfather’sbusinessinBrazilSemcowhichsoldparts?forships.SemlerJuniorworkedlikeamadmanfrom7:30amuntilmidnighteveryday.OneafternoonwhiletouringafactoryinNewYorkhecollapsed.ThedoctorwhotreatedhimsaidThere’snothingwrongwithyou.Butifyoucontinuelikethisyou’llfindanewhomeinourhospital.Semlergotthemessage.Hechangedthewayheworked.Infacthechangedthewayshisemployeesworkedtoo.??Helethisworkerstakemoreresponsibilitysothattheywouldbetheonesworryingwhen?thingswentwrong.Heallowedthemtosettheirownsalariesandhecutallthejobshethoughtwereunnecessarylikereceptionistsandsecretaries.?46?.EveryoneatSemcoeventopmanagersmeetsguestsinreceptiondoesthephotocopyingsendsfaxestypeslettersanddialsthephone.??Hecompletelyreorganizedtheoffice:insteadofwallstheyhaveplantsatSemcosobosses?can’tshutthemselvesawayfromeveryoneelse.?47?.AsforuniformssomepeoplewearsuitsandotherswearT-shirts.??SemlersaysWehaveasalesmanagernamedRubinAgaterwhositstherereadingthe?newspaperhourafterhour.Hedoesn’tevenpretendtobebusy.ButwhenaSemcopumpontheothersideoftheworldfailsmillionsofgallonsofoilareabouttospillintothesea.Rubinspringsintoaction.?48?.That’swhenheearnshissalary.Noonecaresifhedoesn’tlookbusytherestofthetime.??Semcohasflexibleworkinghours:theemployeesdecidewhentheyneedtoarriveat?work.Theemployeesalsoevaluatetheirbossestwiceayear.?49?.??Itsoundsperfectbutdoesitwork?Theanswerisinthenumbers:inthelastsixyears?Semco’srevenueshavegonefrom$35millionto$212million.Thecompanyhasgrownfromeighthundredemployeesto3000.Why???Semlersaysit’sbecauseofpeerpressure.Peerpressuremakesemployeesworkhardfor?everyoneelse.?50?.InotherwordsRicardoSemlertreatshisworkerslikeadultsandexpectsthemtoactlikeadults.Andtheydo.??A.Thissavedmoneyandbroughtmoreequalitytothecompany.??B.Heknowseverythingthereistoknowaboutourpumpsandhowtofixthem.??C.Andtheworkersarefreetodecoratetheirworkspaceastheywant.??D.Mostmanagersspendtheirtimemakingitdifficultforworkerstowork.??E.Ifsomeoneisn’tdoinghisjobwelltheotherworkerswillnotallowthesituationtocontinue.??F.AlsoSemcoletsitsworkersusethecompany’smachinesfortheirownprojectsandmakes?themtakeholidaysforatleastthirtydaysayear.
AGreatQuakeComingEveryonewholivesinSanFranciscoknowsthatearthquakesarecommonintheBayArea--andtheycanbedevastating．In1906forexampleamajorquakedestroyedabout28000buildingsandkilledhundredsperhapsthousandsofpeople．ResidentsnowwonderwhenthenextBigOnewillstrike．It’sboundtohappensomeday．Atleastsevenactivefault断层linesrunthroughtheSanFranciscoarea．FaultsareplaceswherepiecesofEarth’scrust地壳slidepasteachother．Whenthesepiecesslipthegroundshakes．Toprepareforthatdayscientistsareusingnewtechniquestoreanalyzethe1906earthquakeandpredicthowbadthedamagemightbewhenthenextonehappens．Onenewfindingaboutthe1906quakeisthattheSanAndreasfaultsplitapartfasterthanscientistshadassumedatthetime．Duringsmallearthquakesfaultsrupture断裂atabout2.7kilometerspersecond．Duringbiggerquakeshowever．rupturescanhappenatratesfasterthan3.5kilometerspersecond．Atsuchhighspeedsmassiveamountsofpressurebuildupgeneratingundergroundwavesthatcancausemoredamagethanthequakeitself．LuckyforSanFranciscothesepressurepulses脉冲traveledawayfromthecityduringthe1906event．Asbadasthedamagewasitcouldhavebeenfarworse．Lookingahead．scientistsaretryingtopredictwhenthenextmajorquakewilloccur．Recordsshowthatearthquakeswerecommonbefore1906．Sincethentheareahasbeenrelativelyquiet．PatternsinthedatahoweversuggestthattheprobabilityofamajorearthquakestrikingtheBayAreabefore2032isatleast62percent．NewbuildingsinSanFranciscoarequitesafeincaseoffuturequakes．Stillmorethan84percentofthecity’sbuildingsareoldandweak．Analysessuggestthatanothermassiveearthquakewouldcauseextensivedamage．PeoplewholivetheretodaytendtofeelsafebecauseSanFranciscohasremainedprettyquietforawhile．Accordingtothenewresearchhowever．it’snotamatterofiftheBigOnewillhit．It’sjustamatterofwhen．Thehighestspeedoffaultrupturesinthe1906quakewasmorethan3.5kilometerspersecond．
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LateralThinkingLateralthinking迂回思维firstdescribedbyEdwarddeBonoin1967isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.YoumightimaginethatCasparwasraisedtobeanadventurousthinkerbutdeBononamewassofamousCasper’sparentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschoolhisteachersmightsnapWheredoyougetthatideafromWehadtobecarefulandnotoverdoitEdwardadmits.NowCasperisatOxford——whichoncelookedunlikelybecauseheisalsoslightlydyslexic通读困难.InfactwhenhewasapplyingtoOxfordnoneofhisschoolteachersthoughthehadachance.Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessionshisfathersaysusingmytechniquesandwhenhewentupfortheexamhedidextremelywell.SoonafterEdwarddeBonodecidedtowritehislatestbookTeachYourChildrenHowtoThinkinwhichhetransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrentoshare.Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogicalsequenceandeverybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.Soisn’titanuphillbattletryingtoteachthemtothinkYouknowEdwarddeBonosaysifyouexaminepeople’sthinkingitisquiteunusualtofindfaultsoflogic.Butthefaultsofperceptionarehuge!Oftenwethinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.TeachYourChildHowtoThinkofferslessonsinperceptionimprovementofclearlyseeingtheimplicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthealternatives.LateralthinkingreferstothefollowingEXCEPT_______.
Therearesomethingsintheclasstheteacherswillnotputupwith.
Hewasnoteligiblefortheexaminationbecausehewasoverage.
{{*HTML*}}??????????????????TeachYourChildScience1?Itisimportanttomakeyourchildinterestedinsciencefromanearlyage.Mostyoungchildrenaskalotofquestionsandyoushouldgivecarefulscientificanswers.Don’tonlygivefactsbuttrytogiveexplanationsaswell.2?Scienceisnotjustknowledge;itisawayofthinkingamethodoffindingoutabouttheworld.Weseesomething.Wetrytoexplainitandwetestourideabysettingupanexperiment.Onedayyoucomehomeandfindtheplantonthetablehasfallenover.Youthinkitmightbethewindfromtheopenwindoworthecatsoyouclosethewindowbutleavethecatinandseewhathappensyoucanalsotryleavingthewindowopenandshuttingthecatout.Ofcourseyouremembertheremaybeathirdexplanation.3?Askyourchildtogetapieceofstringsomesaltaglassofwaterandanicecube冰块.Tellhertoputtheiceinthewaterandthenputoneendofthestringontheiceleavingtheotherendoverthesideoftheglass.Putalittlesaltontheice.Waitaminuteandthenpullthestring;itshouldbeattachedtotheice.Askthechild:Whathashappened?4?Probablyshewon’tknow.Askherwhetherfreshwaterorsaltwaterfreezesintoicefirst.Ifyouliveneartheseaandhaveacoldwintersheshouldknowfreshwaterfreezesfirstasshewillhaveseenthathappen.Showherhowtotesttheideabyhalf-fillingtwopapercupswithwateraddingsalttoone.Thenputthemintheiceboxandcheckeverythreeminutes.Writetheresultsinatable.Theconclusionwillbethatsaltchangesthebehaviourofwater.Thinkingaboutthestringweseethesaltturnedsomeoftheiceintowater.Thenthesaltwentawayintothewaterandtheicefrozeagainleavingthestringattached.5?ThenyoucanaskWillwaterwithsaltboilatthesametemperatureaswaterwithoutsalt?Shecanthinktellyouherideaandyoucantestitinthekitchen.takecarebecauseoftheheatWesetupexperimentstotestourideasabout______.
LateralThinkingLateralthinking迂回思维firstdescribedbyEdwarddeBonoin1967isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.YoumightimaginethatCasparwasraisedtobeanadventurousthinkerbutdeBononamewassofamousCasper’sparentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschoolhisteachersmightsnapWheredoyougetthatideafromWehadtobecarefulandnotoverdoitEdwardadmits.NowCasperisatOxford——whichoncelookedunlikelybecauseheisalsoslightlydyslexic通读困难.InfactwhenhewasapplyingtoOxfordnoneofhisschoolteachersthoughthehadachance.Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessionshisfathersaysusingmytechniquesandwhenhewentupfortheexamhedidextremelywell.SoonafterEdwarddeBonodecidedtowritehislatestbookTeachYourChildrenHowtoThinkinwhichhetransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrentoshare.Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogicalsequenceandeverybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.Soisn’titanuphillbattletryingtoteachthemtothinkYouknowEdwarddeBonosaysifyouexaminepeople’sthinkingitisquiteunusualtofindfaultsoflogic.Butthefaultsofperceptionarehuge!Oftenwethinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.TeachYourChildHowtoThinkofferslessonsinperceptionimprovementofclearlyseeingtheimplicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthealternatives.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thatEdward______.
CanyoulendmesomedollarsIjustlackcash.
Water Fromthebeginningwaterhasfurnishedmanwithasourceoffoodandahighwaytotravelupon.Thefirst51arosewherewaterwasadominantelementintheenvironmentachallengetoman’singenuity.TheEgyptiansinventedthe365-daycalendar52theNile’sannualflooding.TheBabylonianswhowereamongthemostfamouslaw-makersinancienttimesinventedlaws53waterusage.WaterinspiredtheChinesetobuilda1000-54canalacomplexsystemwhichafternearly2500yearsremainsstillpractically55andstillcommandstheastonishmentofengineers.Butthe56neverfoundcompletesolutionstotheirwaterproblems.TheYellowRiverisalsoknown57"China’sSorrow";itissounpredictableanddangerous58inasingleflooditmaycauseamillion59.FloodsslowedthegreatcivilizationoftheIndusRiverValleyandinadequatedrainageruined60itsland.Todaywaterdominates61asitalwayshasdone.Itspresencecontinuesto62thelocationofhishomesandcities;itsviolentvariabilitycan63manorhisherdsorhiscrops;itsrouteslinkshim64hisfellows;itsimmensevaluemay65toalreadydangerouspoliticalconflicts.Therearemanyexamplesofthisinourowntime. 65
Water Fromthebeginningwaterhasfurnishedmanwithasourceoffoodandahighwaytotravelupon.Thefirst51arosewherewaterwasadominantelementintheenvironmentachallengetoman’singenuity.TheEgyptiansinventedthe365-daycalendar52theNile’sannualflooding.TheBabylonianswhowereamongthemostfamouslaw-makersinancienttimesinventedlaws53waterusage.WaterinspiredtheChinesetobuilda1000-54canalacomplexsystemwhichafternearly2500yearsremainsstillpractically55andstillcommandstheastonishmentofengineers.Butthe56neverfoundcompletesolutionstotheirwaterproblems.TheYellowRiverisalsoknown57"China’sSorrow";itissounpredictableanddangerous58inasingleflooditmaycauseamillion59.FloodsslowedthegreatcivilizationoftheIndusRiverValleyandinadequatedrainageruined60itsland.Todaywaterdominates61asitalwayshasdone.Itspresencecontinuesto62thelocationofhishomesandcities;itsviolentvariabilitycan63manorhisherdsorhiscrops;itsrouteslinkshim64hisfellows;itsimmensevaluemay65toalreadydangerouspoliticalconflicts.Therearemanyexamplesofthisinourowntime. 59
AGreatQuakeComingEveryonewholivesinSanFranciscoknowsthatearthquakesarecommonintheBayArea--andtheycanbedevastating．In1906forexampleamajorquakedestroyedabout28000buildingsandkilledhundredsperhapsthousandsofpeople．ResidentsnowwonderwhenthenextBigOnewillstrike．It’sboundtohappensomeday．Atleastsevenactivefault断层linesrunthroughtheSanFranciscoarea．FaultsareplaceswherepiecesofEarth’scrust地壳slidepasteachother．Whenthesepiecesslipthegroundshakes．Toprepareforthatdayscientistsareusingnewtechniquestoreanalyzethe1906earthquakeandpredicthowbadthedamagemightbewhenthenextonehappens．Onenewfindingaboutthe1906quakeisthattheSanAndreasfaultsplitapartfasterthanscientistshadassumedatthetime．Duringsmallearthquakesfaultsrupture断裂atabout2.7kilometerspersecond．Duringbiggerquakeshowever．rupturescanhappenatratesfasterthan3.5kilometerspersecond．Atsuchhighspeedsmassiveamountsofpressurebuildupgeneratingundergroundwavesthatcancausemoredamagethanthequakeitself．LuckyforSanFranciscothesepressurepulses脉冲traveledawayfromthecityduringthe1906event．Asbadasthedamagewasitcouldhavebeenfarworse．Lookingahead．scientistsaretryingtopredictwhenthenextmajorquakewilloccur．Recordsshowthatearthquakeswerecommonbefore1906．Sincethentheareahasbeenrelativelyquiet．PatternsinthedatahoweversuggestthattheprobabilityofamajorearthquakestrikingtheBayAreabefore2032isatleast62percent．NewbuildingsinSanFranciscoarequitesafeincaseoffuturequakes．Stillmorethan84percentofthecity’sbuildingsareoldandweak．Analysessuggestthatanothermassiveearthquakewouldcauseextensivedamage．PeoplewholivetheretodaytendtofeelsafebecauseSanFranciscohasremainedprettyquietforawhile．Accordingtothenewresearchhowever．it’snotamatterofiftheBigOnewillhit．It’sjustamatterofwhen．SanFranciscoisfullypreparedforanotherbigearthquake．
{{*HTML*}}??????????????????TeachYourChildScience1?Itisimportanttomakeyourchildinterestedinsciencefromanearlyage.Mostyoungchildrenaskalotofquestionsandyoushouldgivecarefulscientificanswers.Don’tonlygivefactsbuttrytogiveexplanationsaswell.2?Scienceisnotjustknowledge;itisawayofthinkingamethodoffindingoutabouttheworld.Weseesomething.Wetrytoexplainitandwetestourideabysettingupanexperiment.Onedayyoucomehomeandfindtheplantonthetablehasfallenover.Youthinkitmightbethewindfromtheopenwindoworthecatsoyouclosethewindowbutleavethecatinandseewhathappensyoucanalsotryleavingthewindowopenandshuttingthecatout.Ofcourseyouremembertheremaybeathirdexplanation.3?Askyourchildtogetapieceofstringsomesaltaglassofwaterandanicecube冰块.Tellhertoputtheiceinthewaterandthenputoneendofthestringontheiceleavingtheotherendoverthesideoftheglass.Putalittlesaltontheice.Waitaminuteandthenpullthestring;itshouldbeattachedtotheice.Askthechild:Whathashappened?4?Probablyshewon’tknow.Askherwhetherfreshwaterorsaltwaterfreezesintoicefirst.Ifyouliveneartheseaandhaveacoldwintersheshouldknowfreshwaterfreezesfirstasshewillhaveseenthathappen.Showherhowtotesttheideabyhalf-fillingtwopapercupswithwateraddingsalttoone.Thenputthemintheiceboxandcheckeverythreeminutes.Writetheresultsinatable.Theconclusionwillbethatsaltchangesthebehaviourofwater.Thinkingaboutthestringweseethesaltturnedsomeoftheiceintowater.Thenthesaltwentawayintothewaterandtheicefrozeagainleavingthestringattached.5?ThenyoucanaskWillwaterwithsaltboilatthesametemperatureaswaterwithoutsalt?Shecanthinktellyouherideaandyoucantestitinthekitchen.takecarebecauseoftheheatParagraph2______.
{{*HTML*}}Semco??At21RicardoSemlerbecamebossofhisfather’sbusinessinBrazilSemcowhichsoldparts?forships.SemlerJuniorworkedlikeamadmanfrom7:30amuntilmidnighteveryday.OneafternoonwhiletouringafactoryinNewYorkhecollapsed.ThedoctorwhotreatedhimsaidThere’snothingwrongwithyou.Butifyoucontinuelikethisyou’llfindanewhomeinourhospital.Semlergotthemessage.Hechangedthewayheworked.Infacthechangedthewayshisemployeesworkedtoo.??Helethisworkerstakemoreresponsibilitysothattheywouldbetheonesworryingwhen?thingswentwrong.Heallowedthemtosettheirownsalariesandhecutallthejobshethoughtwereunnecessarylikereceptionistsandsecretaries.?46?.EveryoneatSemcoeventopmanagersmeetsguestsinreceptiondoesthephotocopyingsendsfaxestypeslettersanddialsthephone.??Hecompletelyreorganizedtheoffice:insteadofwallstheyhaveplantsatSemcosobosses?can’tshutthemselvesawayfromeveryoneelse.?47?.AsforuniformssomepeoplewearsuitsandotherswearT-shirts.??SemlersaysWehaveasalesmanagernamedRubinAgaterwhositstherereadingthe?newspaperhourafterhour.Hedoesn’tevenpretendtobebusy.ButwhenaSemcopumpontheothersideoftheworldfailsmillionsofgallonsofoilareabouttospillintothesea.Rubinspringsintoaction.?48?.That’swhenheearnshissalary.Noonecaresifhedoesn’tlookbusytherestofthetime.??Semcohasflexibleworkinghours:theemployeesdecidewhentheyneedtoarriveat?work.Theemployeesalsoevaluatetheirbossestwiceayear.?49?.??Itsoundsperfectbutdoesitwork?Theanswerisinthenumbers:inthelastsixyears?Semco’srevenueshavegonefrom$35millionto$212million.Thecompanyhasgrownfromeighthundredemployeesto3000.Why???Semlersaysit’sbecauseofpeerpressure.Peerpressuremakesemployeesworkhardfor?everyoneelse.?50?.InotherwordsRicardoSemlertreatshisworkerslikeadultsandexpectsthemtoactlikeadults.Andtheydo.??A.Thissavedmoneyandbroughtmoreequalitytothecompany.??B.Heknowseverythingthereistoknowaboutourpumpsandhowtofixthem.??C.Andtheworkersarefreetodecoratetheirworkspaceastheywant.??D.Mostmanagersspendtheirtimemakingitdifficultforworkerstowork.??E.Ifsomeoneisn’tdoinghisjobwelltheotherworkerswillnotallowthesituationtocontinue.??F.AlsoSemcoletsitsworkersusethecompany’smachinesfortheirownprojectsandmakes?themtakeholidaysforatleastthirtydaysayear.
Water Fromthebeginningwaterhasfurnishedmanwithasourceoffoodandahighwaytotravelupon.Thefirst51arosewherewaterwasadominantelementintheenvironmentachallengetoman’singenuity.TheEgyptiansinventedthe365-daycalendar52theNile’sannualflooding.TheBabylonianswhowereamongthemostfamouslaw-makersinancienttimesinventedlaws53waterusage.WaterinspiredtheChinesetobuilda1000-54canalacomplexsystemwhichafternearly2500yearsremainsstillpractically55andstillcommandstheastonishmentofengineers.Butthe56neverfoundcompletesolutionstotheirwaterproblems.TheYellowRiverisalsoknown57"China’sSorrow";itissounpredictableanddangerous58inasingleflooditmaycauseamillion59.FloodsslowedthegreatcivilizationoftheIndusRiverValleyandinadequatedrainageruined60itsland.Todaywaterdominates61asitalwayshasdone.Itspresencecontinuesto62thelocationofhishomesandcities;itsviolentvariabilitycan63manorhisherdsorhiscrops;itsrouteslinkshim64hisfellows;itsimmensevaluemay65toalreadydangerouspoliticalconflicts.Therearemanyexamplesofthisinourowntime. 61
AGreatQuakeComingEveryonewholivesinSanFranciscoknowsthatearthquakesarecommonintheBayArea--andtheycanbedevastating．In1906forexampleamajorquakedestroyedabout28000buildingsandkilledhundredsperhapsthousandsofpeople．ResidentsnowwonderwhenthenextBigOnewillstrike．It’sboundtohappensomeday．Atleastsevenactivefault断层linesrunthroughtheSanFranciscoarea．FaultsareplaceswherepiecesofEarth’scrust地壳slidepasteachother．Whenthesepiecesslipthegroundshakes．Toprepareforthatdayscientistsareusingnewtechniquestoreanalyzethe1906earthquakeandpredicthowbadthedamagemightbewhenthenextonehappens．Onenewfindingaboutthe1906quakeisthattheSanAndreasfaultsplitapartfasterthanscientistshadassumedatthetime．Duringsmallearthquakesfaultsrupture断裂atabout2.7kilometerspersecond．Duringbiggerquakeshowever．rupturescanhappenatratesfasterthan3.5kilometerspersecond．Atsuchhighspeedsmassiveamountsofpressurebuildupgeneratingundergroundwavesthatcancausemoredamagethanthequakeitself．LuckyforSanFranciscothesepressurepulses脉冲traveledawayfromthecityduringthe1906event．Asbadasthedamagewasitcouldhavebeenfarworse．Lookingahead．scientistsaretryingtopredictwhenthenextmajorquakewilloccur．Recordsshowthatearthquakeswerecommonbefore1906．Sincethentheareahasbeenrelativelyquiet．PatternsinthedatahoweversuggestthattheprobabilityofamajorearthquakestrikingtheBayAreabefore2032isatleast62percent．NewbuildingsinSanFranciscoarequitesafeincaseoffuturequakes．Stillmorethan84percentofthecity’sbuildingsareoldandweak．Analysessuggestthatanothermassiveearthquakewouldcauseextensivedamage．PeoplewholivetheretodaytendtofeelsafebecauseSanFranciscohasremainedprettyquietforawhile．Accordingtothenewresearchhowever．it’snotamatterofiftheBigOnewillhit．It’sjustamatterofwhen．AmajorearthquakestrikingSanFranciscosomedayisinevitable．
Water Fromthebeginningwaterhasfurnishedmanwithasourceoffoodandahighwaytotravelupon.Thefirst51arosewherewaterwasadominantelementintheenvironmentachallengetoman’singenuity.TheEgyptiansinventedthe365-daycalendar52theNile’sannualflooding.TheBabylonianswhowereamongthemostfamouslaw-makersinancienttimesinventedlaws53waterusage.WaterinspiredtheChinesetobuilda1000-54canalacomplexsystemwhichafternearly2500yearsremainsstillpractically55andstillcommandstheastonishmentofengineers.Butthe56neverfoundcompletesolutionstotheirwaterproblems.TheYellowRiverisalsoknown57"China’sSorrow";itissounpredictableanddangerous58inasingleflooditmaycauseamillion59.FloodsslowedthegreatcivilizationoftheIndusRiverValleyandinadequatedrainageruined60itsland.Todaywaterdominates61asitalwayshasdone.Itspresencecontinuesto62thelocationofhishomesandcities;itsviolentvariabilitycan63manorhisherdsorhiscrops;itsrouteslinkshim64hisfellows;itsimmensevaluemay65toalreadydangerouspoliticalconflicts.Therearemanyexamplesofthisinourowntime. 57
Water Fromthebeginningwaterhasfurnishedmanwithasourceoffoodandahighwaytotravelupon.Thefirst51arosewherewaterwasadominantelementintheenvironmentachallengetoman’singenuity.TheEgyptiansinventedthe365-daycalendar52theNile’sannualflooding.TheBabylonianswhowereamongthemostfamouslaw-makersinancienttimesinventedlaws53waterusage.WaterinspiredtheChinesetobuilda1000-54canalacomplexsystemwhichafternearly2500yearsremainsstillpractically55andstillcommandstheastonishmentofengineers.Butthe56neverfoundcompletesolutionstotheirwaterproblems.TheYellowRiverisalsoknown57"China’sSorrow";itissounpredictableanddangerous58inasingleflooditmaycauseamillion59.FloodsslowedthegreatcivilizationoftheIndusRiverValleyandinadequatedrainageruined60itsland.Todaywaterdominates61asitalwayshasdone.Itspresencecontinuesto62thelocationofhishomesandcities;itsviolentvariabilitycan63manorhisherdsorhiscrops;itsrouteslinkshim64hisfellows;itsimmensevaluemay65toalreadydangerouspoliticalconflicts.Therearemanyexamplesofthisinourowntime. 55
EnvironmentalProtectionThedestructionofournaturalresourcesandcontaminationofourfoodsupplycontinuetooccurlargelybecauseoftheextremedifficultyinaffixing把固定legalresponsibilityonthosewhocontinuetotreatourenvironmentwithrecklessabandon放任.Attemptstopreventpollutionbylegislationeconomicincentivesandfriendlypersuasionhavebeenmetbylawsuitspersonalandindustrialdenialandlongdelays-notonlyinacceptingresponsibilitybutmoreimportantlyindoingsomethingaboutit.Itseemsthatonlywhengovernmentdecidesitcanaffordtaxincentivesorproductionsacrificesthereisanyinitiativeforchange.Whereisindustry’sandourrecognitionthatprotectingmankind’sgreattreasureisthesinglemostimportantresponsibilityIfevertherewillbetimeforenvironmentalhealthprofessionalstocometothefrostinessandprovideleadershiptosolveenvironmentalproblemsthattimeisnow.Wearebeingaskedandinfactthepublicisdemandingthatwetakepositiveaction.Itisourresponsibilityasprofessionalsinenvironmentalhealthtomakethedifference.Yestheecologiststheenvironmentalactivistsandtheconservationistsservetocommunicatestimulatethinkingandpromotebehavioralchange.HoweveritisthoseofuswhoarepaidtomakethedecisionstodevelopimproveandenforceenvironmentalstandardsIsubmitwhomustleadthecharge.Wemustrecognizethatenvironmentalhealthissuesdonotstopatcitylimitscountylinesstateorevenfederalboundaries.Wecannolongeraffordtobetunnel-visionedinourapproach.Wemustvisualizeissuesfromeveryperspectivetomaketheobjectivedecisions.Wemustexpressourviewsclearlytopreventmediadistortionandpublicconfusion.Ibelievewehaveathree-partmissionforthepresent.Firstwemustcontinuetopressforimprovementsinthequalityoflifethatpeoplecanmakeforthemselves.Secondwemustinvestigateandunderstandthelinkbetweenenvironmentandhealth.Thirdwemustbeabletocommunicatetechnicalinformationinaformthatcitizenscanunderstand.Ifwecanaccomplishthesethreegoalsinthisdecademaybewecanfinallystopenvironmentaldegradationandnotmerelyholditback.Wewillthenbeabletospendpollutiondollarstrulyonpreventionratherthanonbandages.Whichofthefollowingaccordingtotheauthorshouldplaytheleadingroleinthesolutionofenvironmentalproblems
Water Fromthebeginningwaterhasfurnishedmanwithasourceoffoodandahighwaytotravelupon.Thefirst51arosewherewaterwasadominantelementintheenvironmentachallengetoman’singenuity.TheEgyptiansinventedthe365-daycalendar52theNile’sannualflooding.TheBabylonianswhowereamongthemostfamouslaw-makersinancienttimesinventedlaws53waterusage.WaterinspiredtheChinesetobuilda1000-54canalacomplexsystemwhichafternearly2500yearsremainsstillpractically55andstillcommandstheastonishmentofengineers.Butthe56neverfoundcompletesolutionstotheirwaterproblems.TheYellowRiverisalsoknown57"China’sSorrow";itissounpredictableanddangerous58inasingleflooditmaycauseamillion59.FloodsslowedthegreatcivilizationoftheIndusRiverValleyandinadequatedrainageruined60itsland.Todaywaterdominates61asitalwayshasdone.Itspresencecontinuesto62thelocationofhishomesandcities;itsviolentvariabilitycan63manorhisherdsorhiscrops;itsrouteslinkshim64hisfellows;itsimmensevaluemay65toalreadydangerouspoliticalconflicts.Therearemanyexamplesofthisinourowntime. 63
AGreatQuakeComingEveryonewholivesinSanFranciscoknowsthatearthquakesarecommonintheBayArea--andtheycanbedevastating．In1906forexampleamajorquakedestroyedabout28000buildingsandkilledhundredsperhapsthousandsofpeople．ResidentsnowwonderwhenthenextBigOnewillstrike．It’sboundtohappensomeday．Atleastsevenactivefault断层linesrunthroughtheSanFranciscoarea．FaultsareplaceswherepiecesofEarth’scrust地壳slidepasteachother．Whenthesepiecesslipthegroundshakes．Toprepareforthatdayscientistsareusingnewtechniquestoreanalyzethe1906earthquakeandpredicthowbadthedamagemightbewhenthenextonehappens．Onenewfindingaboutthe1906quakeisthattheSanAndreasfaultsplitapartfasterthanscientistshadassumedatthetime．Duringsmallearthquakesfaultsrupture断裂atabout2.7kilometerspersecond．Duringbiggerquakeshowever．rupturescanhappenatratesfasterthan3.5kilometerspersecond．Atsuchhighspeedsmassiveamountsofpressurebuildupgeneratingundergroundwavesthatcancausemoredamagethanthequakeitself．LuckyforSanFranciscothesepressurepulses脉冲traveledawayfromthecityduringthe1906event．Asbadasthedamagewasitcouldhavebeenfarworse．Lookingahead．scientistsaretryingtopredictwhenthenextmajorquakewilloccur．Recordsshowthatearthquakeswerecommonbefore1906．Sincethentheareahasbeenrelativelyquiet．PatternsinthedatahoweversuggestthattheprobabilityofamajorearthquakestrikingtheBayAreabefore2032isatleast62percent．NewbuildingsinSanFranciscoarequitesafeincaseoffuturequakes．Stillmorethan84percentofthecity’sbuildingsareoldandweak．Analysessuggestthatanothermassiveearthquakewouldcauseextensivedamage．PeoplewholivetheretodaytendtofeelsafebecauseSanFranciscohasremainedprettyquietforawhile．Accordingtothenewresearchhowever．it’snotamatterofiftheBigOnewillhit．It’sjustamatterofwhen．TheSanFranciscoareaislocatedaboveseveralactivefaultlines．
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