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High school can be quite the stressful time for any student. There are numerous stresses to deal w...
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高中英语《山西省榆社中学2015-2016学年高二下学期期末考试试卷 试题及答案解析word版》真题及答案
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Robin________volleyballquitewellbuthehasn’tplayedi
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A high percentage of students enjoy free lunch.
All the graduates from the school go on to college.
The number of its graduates is twice that of New York High School
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Badbreathcanbeamajorproblem.Thegoodnewsisthatitcanoftenbepreventedwithsomesimplesteps.Badbreathiscausedbycertainbacteriathatgrowinthemouth.Whenyoudon'tbrushregularlybacteriaaccumulateinyourmouthandbetweenyourteeth.36Certainfoodsespeciallyoneslikegarlicandonionsthatcontainpungent辛辣的oilscancontributetobadbreathbecausetheoilsarecarriedtoyourlungsandoutthroughyourmouth.37Somepeoplethinkthataslongasyoubrushyourteethyoushouldn'thavebadbreath.38Thathoweverjustdoesn'tremovethesmell.Tosufficientlycleanallthesurfacesofyourteethyoushouldbrushforatleast2minutesatleasttwiceaday.Manypeoplebelievethatifyoubreatheintoyourhandyou'llknowwhenyouhavebadbreath.Butit’swrong!39Whenyoutalkyoutendtobringoutthesmellfromthebackofyourmouthwherebadbreathstartswhichsimplybreathingdoesn'tdo.Alsobecausewetendtogetusedtoourownsmellsit'shardforapersontotellifheorshehasbadbreath.Ifyou’reconcernedaboutbadbreathmakesureyou’retakingcareofyourteethandmouthproperly.Ifyoubrushproperlyandvisityourdentistforregularcleaningsbutyourbadbreathpersistsyoumayhaveamedicalproblem.40Theycanfigureoutifsomethingelseisbehindyourbadbreathandhelpyoutakecareofit.A.Thesebacteriamakeyourbreathsmell.B.Inthatcasecallyourdoctorordentist.C.Smokingisalsoamajorcauseofbadbreath.D.Remembertobrushyourtonguetoo—bacterialovetohangouttherE.E.Thetruthisthatmostpeopleonlybrushtheirteethfor30to45seconds.F.WhenyoubreathethesmellbouncedbackbyyourhandcanbeeasilysenseD.G.Whenyoubreatheyoudon^useyourthroatthesamewayyoudowhenyoutalk.
DoctorsSayMostHeartDiseasePreventableHeartdiseaseisthenumberonekillerworldwideofmenandwomenovertheageof60.Butpeopleofallagesdieofheartattackseachyear.AndwhiledeathrateshavedeclinedintheU.S.andmanywesternEuropeancountriestheyareontheriseinthedevelopingworlD.16.NoonewouldhaveguessedthatBarbaraTengwouldhaveaheartattack.Shewasnotoverweight.ShedidnotsmokeorexercisE.In2004theweekafterIturned49whenIwasonabusinesstripinChicagoIhadamajorheartattackshesaiD.17.Shenowexercisesdailyandmonitorsherhearthealth.Dr.PatriceNickenswhoiswiththeNationalHeartLungandBloodInstitutethinksthatheartdiseaseis82percentpreventablE.18shesaidMenarealsofacingthesameproblemandthekeytostayinghealthyisknowingyournumbers.YourweightyourbloodcholesterolbloodsugarandyourbloodpressureareimportantnumbersthatcanhelpyoutakeactionandreduceyourriskshesaiD.19.Andthestepstotakearesimple:don’tsmokemaintainahealthyweightexerciseknowyournumbersandtalktoyourphysicianandcontroltheserisksshesaiD.African-Americansareathigher-than-averageriskforheartdiseaseandstroke;peopledon'tevenknowtheyhaveitwhichincreasestherisk.MedstarWashingtonHospitalCenteristryingtoreachthispopulation.20.ForexamplehelpingthepeoplemonitortheirbloodpressurE.Ifpeoplerealizetheyareatriskforheartdiseasethey'llmakelifestylechanges:loseweightexerciseeattherightfoodsandkeepintouchwithadoctor.A.AndthatchangedherlifeB.SowemustcureheartdiseaseC.LackofexercisecausesheartattacksD.YetmostheartdiseaseispreventablE.E.ItistheleadingcauseofdeathforwomenF.A.healthylifestylecanpreventheartdiseaseG.Withtherighttrainingtheycanplayanimportantroleincommunityhealth
Youoftenfindsomebodywhoworksaroundyoucomplainingallthetimedon’tyou?71About70%ofAmericanssaybeingaroundnonstopcomplainerssometimeshasabadinfluenceonthem.Luckilyhereare4tipstohelpformpositivepatterns.1.Self-awarenessWhenanegativethoughtpopsintoyourmindimmediatelycorrectit.InsteadoftellingyourselfThat’saniceshirtbutIcan’tafforditchangethemessagetoThatwilllookgreatwithmyblackpantswhenIcanaffordit.72Ofcourseeveryonecomplainssometimes.Butthelessfrequentlyyoucomplainthebetteryouwillfeel.2.Distanceyourself73Excuseyourselfandgosomewherequietsomewhereoutdoorsinthefreshair.Thinkofsomethingpleasantbeforereturning.Youhavetotakethisseriouslybecausenegativepeoplecanandwillpullyouintothequicksand困境.3.Don’ttrytochangecomplainersIfyoufindyourselftrappedinagroupofcomplainersinameetingoratasocialeventsimplychoosesilencE.LettheirwordsbounceoffyouwhileyouthinkofsomethingelsE.Attemptingtostopthecomplainingcanmakeyouatarget.74IfsomeonesaysIhateMondaysweekendsaretooshorttrytothinkI’mgladIrestedupovertheweekendsoI’mreadytomakesomeimprovementonthatbigproject.4.75WhensomeoneisshoutingatyouangrilythrowtheresponsibilitybackatthembyaskingSowhatdoyouintendtodoaboutit?Inmostcasescomplainersdon’treallywantasolution.Theyjustwanttospeakthemout.Ifyoumakethemawarethattheythemselveshavetofindthesolutionstheywillleaveyoualoneandfindsomeoneelsetocomplainto.Ifsoyouwillbehappy.A.FindsolutionsB.ChangeresponsibilityC.Youhavegotalotofcompany.D.Bydoingthisitwillleadtopositivebehaviors.E.ButyoucanredirectthediscussioninyourownminD.F.Wheneverpossibleescapefromnegativeconversations.G.Youwillneverknowwhattheyaregoingtotalkabout.
EasyWaystoImproveYourWritingSkillsForbetterorforworseschoolisfilledwithwritinghomework.GoodwritingisimportantforgettingagoodgradE.36LuckilyanyonecanimprovehisorherwritingwiththerightguidanceandalittlepracticE.Herearefoureasytipstohelpyouimproveyourwritingskills:1.Organizeyourthoughtsfirst.GoodwritersoutlinetheirthoughtsbeforestartingputtingtheirpenstopaperorhandstoakeyboarD.FirstlywriteouteachmaintopiC.Nextlistsubtopics小标题beneathmuchmaintopiC.Lastlyputthetopicsandsubtopicsintoalogical符合逻辑的order.372.Takeastandpoint.Mostwritinghomeworkasksyoutotakeapositiononwhatyou'rewritingabout.38Yourthesis论点shoulddeterminethecontentofyourwritinghomework.Thestrongeryourthesisisandthebetteryoubackupyourthesiswithrelatedinformationthestrongeryourwritingwillbeoverall.3.Don'tcopyothers'homework.39Mostteachersusedetectivesoftwaretocatchcopycatsintheact.Studentsfoundcopyingareusuallypunishedandwhat'sworseevendismissed开除.4.40Somestudentsfinishwritingapassageandthengiveittotheirteacherswithoutcheckingit.ThisisahugemistakE.It'slikelythattherearemistakesthatneedtobecorrecteD.Additionallyone'sworkcanalwaysbebetteredandimproveD.Happywriting!A.Lookoverandcorrect.B.Keepadictionaryhandy.C.Thismainideaiscalledathesis.D.Howeverit’sstillaskillmanystudentsstrugglewith.E.Usethisoutlinetogiveshapetoyourwritinghomework.F.AndallgoodwritingisorganizedwithabeginningamiddleandanenD.G.Tryingtouseothers’ideasasyourowncangetyouintoserioustroublE.
IfeelveryexcitedatthethoughtthatinanotherweekI’llbewithyouagainonholiday.36Myhostandmyfellow-studentsareallverynicetomebutastheysayinEnglandThere’snoplacelikehomeandIthinkyouwillfeelthisaboveallatChristmastimE.I’mleavinghereearlyonThursdaythe23rdandI’llbearrivinginParisonFridaymorning.37Pleasemeetmeatthestation.InsomeofmyearlierlettersIhavetoldyouallabouttheotherstudentsherE.38BecausehehasnofriendsinEnglandexceptmE.Heisaveryniceboy.IknowyouwilllikehimandIfeelsurehewillenjoyChristmaswithus.39Pleaseletmeknowsoonifthat’sallright.I’vegotsomeChristmaspresentsforyouallbutI’mnotgoingtotellyouwhattheyaresoitwillbeasurprisE.40Ihopeyouareallkeepingwell.SeethatfatheralwaysputsonhisbigcoatwhenhegoesoutsothathewillnotcatchacolD.Wedon’twanthimillforChristmas.A.IwillhavehimspendChristmaswithus.B.ButIhaven’tinvitedhimyet.C.IenjoymystayinEnglandverymuchindeeD.D.Howareyouallathome?E.SoI’llbehomeaboutlunchtimE.F.WellIwanttoaskmyCanadianfriendJantocomeandspendChristmas.G.Thingsathomearemuchbetterthanthingsinotherplaces.
Goingtocollegeisanewexperiencefullofexcitementoftheunknown.Socializationisabigthingforcollegestudentsanditiscommontofeelalittleuncomfortablegoingintoasituationwhereeveryoneisastranger.Youmayprobablymissyourfriendsfromhighschool.36Collegeisagreatopportunitytomakenewlifelongfriends.Thequestionis:how?▲GettoknowyourroommatE.Youmayfindyouhavelotsofthingsincommonwithyourroommatebutevenifyouarecompletelydifferentfromeachotherwithalittleeffortandunderstandingthetwoofyoumaybecomebestfriends.▲37Ifyouleaveyourdooropenthisshowsthatyouwelcomevisitors.Asaresultpeoplewillnaturallystopinandsayhello.CloseddoorsarenotlikelytobringmanyvisitorsandthosewhostaylockedupintheirroomsmaygiveotherstheimpressionofbeingcolD.Otherstudentswillbelesslikelytostopinandbuildanewfriendship.▲Joinclubsororganizations.GettinginvolvedinorganizedsocietiesisagreatwaytomeetnewpeoplE.38Bystayingactiveincollegegroupssuchasclubsandorganizationsyoucanmeetlotsofpeoplewithwhomyousharecommoninterests.▲Talktoclassmates.39StartingconversationsinclassisagreatopportunitytomeetpeoplewhoareinterestedinthesamekindofstudiesasyouarE.Shortfriendlydiscussionscanbuildlifelongfriendships.▲Tryoutforasport.Ifyou'reathletictryingoutforasportwilldoforyouthesamethingthatjoiningaclubwilldo.40A.Closethedoortokeepawayfromtheft.B.Hangawelcomesignonyourdormroom.C.Italsohelpsyougetmorefamiliarwiththecampus.D.Yourroommateisthefirstpersonyouwillhaveclosecontactwith.E.Youwillinstantlymeetalargegroupofpeoplewhoshareyourinterestsinsports.F.Gettoknowyourclassmatesasyou'llbespendingseveralmonthswiththem.G.Tryingactivelytofindnewfriendscanhelpeasethefeelingsofbeinglonely.
HowtoexpressyourangerThebestwaytomanageangerisbydealingwithitdirectly—youmustlearntoexpressyourangerinahealthyandhelpfulway.Expressingyourselfwhenyouareveryangrycanbedifficult.Butitcanalsobeveryhelpful.36Theyfeelbetteraboutthemselves.Andmostimportantlytheyaretakingcontroloftheirownemotions.Theyarereactingtotheirangerinagoodway.37Firststaycalmwhenyouareexpressingyourself.Itisalsoimportanttobeclearanddirectwhenyouexpressyourself.Youshouldalsoshowrespecttotheotherperson.ItisalsoimportantnottoblameotherpeoplE.Blamingotherpeoplecanleadtoarguingandfighting.Insteadpeopleshouldexpresstheirangerbysayingwhattheyarefeeling.ForexampleifapersonisangrysheshoulduseIstatements.Thesearesimplesentencesthatstatehowapersonfeels.ForexampleyoushouldnotsayYouneverhelpmecleanthehome!38Whenpeopleareexpressingtheirangertheyshouldremembertothinkabouttheotherpeoplewhoareinvolvedinthesituation.39Oftenwhenpeoplelookatasituationinthiswaytheycanadmitthattheyarenotalwaysbeingfair.Peoplecanadmitthattheirangerisnotbeinghelpful.Peoplecannotalwayscontrolwhatotherpeopledoorwhathappensaroundthem.Butpeoplecancontrolthewaytheyreact!Donotletyourangerbuildupinsideofyou!Asapersononcesaid:Itisnotgoodformetoholdontoanger.40A.Youcantalktoadoctor.B.Iamtheonlyonethatitisreallyhurting.C.Wordscanbeextremelydamagingtoarelationship.D.Trytolookatthesituationfromtheotherperson’spointofview.E.Whenpeoplecanexpresstheirneedstheyfeelliketheyaresolvingtheproblem.F.InsteadyoucouldsayIamangrythatyoudidnotoffertohelpmecleanthehome.G.Buttherearethingspeopleshouldrememberwhentheyexpresstheirneedswhenangry.
HowtoKeepaHealthyRabbitRabbitsareoneoftheperfectpets.Herearetipstohelpyoukeeparabbit.PrepareaRightDietforYourRabbitYourrabbitneedshay干草vegetablesandwater.Hayisalargepartofyourrabbit’sdiet.Soyoushouldprepareitatalltimes.30Rabbitscaneatvegetablessuchascarrotscabbageandbroccoli.Watershouldbeclean.Yourneedtochangeiteachday.31RabbitscanliveincagesorbekeptinyourhomE.Chooseasafeareaastheirhome.A.homeisaplaceonlyforyourrabbit.ItcanrelaxwhenitwantssometimealonE.Don’ttakeitoutofitshome——letitcomeoutonitsown.PutacoverforitshomE.32.GiveYourRabbitRightHealthCareExamineyourrabbitabouteverysixmonths.33Noteveryvetisexperiencedwithrabbits.Sodosomeresearchbeforeyoutakeyourrabbitin.ExpectaLong-livedpetRabbitsmaylivetenortwelveyears.34Insteadadopt收养onE.Yourpetrabbitismorethanapet—itisamemberofthefamily.Knowinghowtocareforitisthebestgiftyoucangiveyournewpetrabbit.A.Don’tbuyarabbit.B.ChooseaPlaceforYourRabbittoLivE.C.Watershouldbeenoughforrabbits.D.AllowYourRabbittoGetplentyofExercisE.E.Enoughfreshvegetablesshouldbegiventoit.F.Visitavetthatisgoodattreatingrabbits.G.Thisisbecauserabbitsfeelsafewhentheyareunderthings.
EyesightplaysaveryimportantroleinourdailylifE.Everywakingmomenttheeyesareworkingtoseetheworldaroundus.OverfortypercentofAmericansworryaboutlosingeyesightbutit’seasytoincludestepsintoourdailylifetoensurehealthyeyes.Herearefivesuggestionsforalifetimeofhealthyeyesight•Scheduleyearlyexams.31Expertsadviseparentstobringbabies6to12monthsofagetothedoctorforacarefulcheck.Thegoodnewsisthatmillionsofchildrennowcanhaveyearlyeyeexamsandfollowingtreatmentincludingeyeglasses.•ProtectagainstUVrays紫外线.Long-termstayinthesuncreatesrisktoyoureyes.Nomatterwhattheseasonisitisextremelyimportanttowearsunglasses.___32_•Giveyoureyesabreak.Two-thirdsofAmericansspenduptosevenhoursadayusingcomputersorotherdigitalproducts.33Expertsrecommendthatpeoplepracticethe20/20/20rule:every20minutestakea20-secondbreakandlookatsomething20feetaway.•34Aspartofahealthydieteatmorefruitsandvegetableseachday.Vitamins维生素C.andE.helpprotecteyesightandpromoteeyehealth.•Practicesafewearandcareofcontactlenses隐形眼镜.ManyAmericansusecontactlensestoimprovetheireyesight.Whilesomefollowthemedicalguidanceforwearingcontactlensesmanyarebreakingtherulesandputtingtheireyesightatrisk.35Otherwiseyoumayhaveproblemssuchasredeyespainintheeyesoramoreseriouscondition.A.Eatyourgreens.B.EyecareshouldbeginearlyinlifE.C.Theycanproperlyprotectyoureyes.D.StayingoodshapebytakingmoreVitamins.E.Parentsusuallydon’tcareabouttheirowneyesight.F.Alwaysfollowthedoctor’sadviceforappropriatewear.G.Thisfrequenteyeactivityincreasestheriskforeyetiredness.
Friendshipisaveryimportanthumanrelationshipandeveryoneneedsgoodfriends.Goodfriendshiphasmanybenefits.Itofferscompanionshipimprovesself-worthandpromotesgoodhealth.Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtownorchangedourjobsorschools.SuchchangesoftenleavesuswithoutafrienD.36ButformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescouragE.Belowaresomehelpfulsuggestionsonhowtomakeandkeepfriends.1.Stayintouchwithothers.ThefirststeptomakingfriendsisassociatingwithotherpeoplE.YoucangotopublicplacestomeetnewpeoplE.Besidesyouwillneedtomakeyourselfknownbybecominganactivememberofsuchplaces.2.StartaconversationStartingaconversationisthesecondmostimportantstepinmakingnewfriends.37Youcanalwaysstarttheconversation.BeingabletomakesmalltalkisaveryusefulskillincommunicatingwithotherpeoplE.3.38ChoosingfriendswithcommoninterestsisimportantinbuildingfriendshipastheseinterestswouldalwaysbringyouandyourfriendtogetherHangingoutwillalwaysbeapleasantexperiencE.4.Letitgrow.Itisagoodthingtostayintouch.HowevertrynottopressyournewfriendwithcallsmessagesorvisitsasthiswouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfrienD.39Thebestfriendshipsaretheonesthatgrownaturally.5.EnjoyyourfriendshipThebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves.40TrynottochangethemfromwhotheyaretowhatyouwantthemtobE.A.Becheerful.B.Dothingstogether.C.Donotwaittobespokento.D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.E.MakingnewfriendsiseasyforsomepeoplE.F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.G.Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou
Itmayhelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech.AtsomepointineveryspeecheveryspeakersayssomethingthatisnotunderstoodexactlyashehasplanneD.36.Why?Becausethelistenersdonotknowwhatthespeakerplanstosay.37.Ifyouloseyourplaceforamomentwronglychangetheorderofacoupleofsentencesorforgettopauseatacertainpointnoonewillbeanythewiser.Whensuchmomentsoccurdon’tworryaboutthem.38.Evenifyoudomakeanobviousmistakeduringaspeechthatdoesn’treallymatter.Mostlikelyhoweveryoudon’tremember.39.Speech-makerscarealotaboutmakingmistakesinaspeechbecausetheyregardspeech-makingasakindofperformanceratherthanasanactofcommunication.40.ButinfactthelistenersarenotlookingforaperformancE.Theyarelookingforawell-thought-outspeechthatexpressesthespeaker’sideasclearlyanddirectly.Sometimesamistakeorhecanactuallyincreaseaspeaker’sattractivenessbymakinghimmorehuman.Asyouworkonyourspeechdon'tworryaboutbeingperfect.Onceyoufreeyourmindofthisyouwillfinditmucheasiertogiveyourspeechfreely.A.Theyfeelthelistenersarelikejudgesinanice-skatingcompetitionB.TheyhearonlywhatthespeakerdoessayC.Thespeech-makersthinktheaudiencecarelittleabouttheirappearanceD.BecauseyouwerefixingyourattentiononyourownmessageE.ReconsiderwhatyouraudiencewouldliketohearF.FortunatelythemomentsareusuallynotobvioustothelistenersG.Justcontinueasifnothinghappened
Homestayisaformofstudy--abroadprogram.36.IhelpstobetterunderstandthelocallifestylE.Italsohelpstoimprovethevisitor’slanguageability.Ifyouwishtolearnmoreaboutforeignexperienceyoushouldjointhiskindofholiday.Iamsureyouwon’tbedisappointedsaidateacherduringaschoolmeetinglastterm.AfterthismeetingIalwaysthoughtaboutthiskindofholiday.AtlastIhadsuchachancetogoonsuchaholidaywithsomeofmyschoolmateslastmonth.WewenttoLondonaplacewhereIhadwantedtogosinceyearsago.37wewenttostaywithdifferentfamilies.IwasluckythatmyhostfamilywasawhitecouplewhohadadaughteraboutmyagE.38.TheywereinterestedinmeandIlearntalotofthingsfromthenon.39.Afterbreakfastalocalteacherwouldcometotakeusinhiscar.Thenwewouldhaveclassesorgoonasight—seeingtriptodifferentplacesofinterestlikeBigBenLondonBridgeandBeckinghamPalacE.Wewouldgobacktoourownhomesaftertheactivities.TheholidaywasavaluableexperienceformE.Ienjoyedeveryminuteofit.40.ThreeweekslaterwehadtoleavehomeforHongKong.A.TheteacherwasverystrictwithmE.B.AfterwegottoLondonC.TheholidaywasfilledwithactivitieseverydayD.TheytreatedmeasadaughteroftheirfamilyE.Buttimereallyflewfast.F.Ittookme8hourstoflytoLondonG.Itallowsthevisitorstostaywithalocalfamily
SmilesandtearsarepartoflifE.Butdoyoufindenoughtimeforlaughing?I’mnotaskingifyouexperiencelotsofgoodtimes.Ofcourseweshouldlaughduringthehappytimes.___36______37___Butshewroteoneaboutamoreserioussubject—cancerinchildren.ThebookistitledIWANTTOGROWHAIRIWANTTOGROWUP.Ermatalkswithmanychildrenwhohavecancerandlearnsimportantlessonsfromthem.Shelearnsforexamplethatcancersurvivorsknowhowtheyshouldsmileatlifethoughtheyarereceivingchemotherapy化疗.___38___Jessica’slegwascutoffatthekneebecauseofcancer.Shewaslearningtowearaprosthesis假肢.Jessicatoldaboutplayingsoccer.Shehittheballhardwithherfoot.Theballflewoffinonedirectionwhileherman-madelegflewanotherway.Thenthebravegirllayonthefloorlaughinghappily.Asthesayinggoes___39___Doyoufindplentyoftimetolaugh?Youcanifyoufindreasonstolaughduringthedifficulttimes.Survivorsknowhowtolaugh.Ifyoucanlaughevenwhenyou’reintroubleyouwillmakeit.Rememberlaughandthewholeworldlaughswithyou.___40_______A.Wejustlaughaboutit.B.Cryandyoucryalone!C.There’satimetocryandatimetolaugh.D.ErmaBombeckisknownforherfunnybooks.E.Butdoyoualsolaughduringthedifficulttimes?F.Shetellsabouttheexperienceof15-year-oldJessicA.G.IstillrememberthosehappydayswhenwewereatcollegE.
22.Youprobablythinkyouwillneverbeatopstudent.Thisisnotnecessarysohowever.Anyonecanbecomeabetterstudentifheorshewantsto.Here'show:1.Planyourtimecarefully.Whenyouplanyourweekyoushouldmakealistofthingsthatyouhavetodo.AftermakingthislistyoushouldmakeascheduleofyourtimE.FirstyourtimeforeatingsleepingdressingetC.thendecideagoodregulartimeforstudying.23AweeklyschedulemaynotsolveallyourproblemsbutitwillforceyoutorealizewhatishappeningtoyourtimE.2.Findagoodplacetostudy.LookaroundthehouseforagoodstudyareA.Keepthisspacewhichmaybeadeskorsimplyacornerofyourroomfreeofeverythingbutstudymaterials.Nogamesradiosortelevision!Whenyousitdowntostudyconcentrateonthesubject.3.Makegooduseofyourtimeinclass.24.Reallylisteninginclassmeanslessworklater.Takingnoteswillhelpyourememberwhattheteachersays.4.Studyregularly.Whenyougethomefromschoolgooveryournotesreviewtheimportantpointsthatyourteacherisgoingtodiscussthenextdayreadthatmaterial.25Ifyoudothesethingsregularlythematerialwillbecomemoremeaningfulandyouwillrememberitlonger.5.Developagoodattitudeabouttests.Thepurposeofatestistoshowwhatyouhavelearnedaboutasubject.TheyhelpyourememberyournewknowledgE.Theworldwon'tendifyoudon'tpassatestsodon’tbeoverworrieD.26.YouwillprobablydiscoverthemafteryouhavetriedthesE.A.Thereareothermethodsthatmighthelpyouwithyourstudying.B.Don'tforgettosetasideenoughtimeforentertainment.C.TakeadvantageofclasstimetolistentoeverythingtheteacherssayD.NoonecanbecomeatopstudentunlessheorsheworksharD.E.Maybeyouareanaveragestudent.F.Makefulluseofclasstimetotakenotesofwhattheteachersaysinclass.G.Thiswillhelpyouunderstandthenextclass.
MostpeoplebuyalotofgiftsjustbeforeChristmas.Butsomepeoplethinkwebuytoomuch.TheyhavestartedaspecialdaycalledBuyNothingDay.36.BuyNothingDayisNovember29.It’s25daysbeforeChristmas.It’safterThanksgivingandoftenthefirstdayofChristmasshopping.37.TheideaforBuyNothingDaystartedinVancouverBritishColumbia.38.InCaliforniaparentsandchildrengettogethertoreadstoriessingsongsandpaintpictures.Thechildrentalkaboutwhytheydon’tneedalotoftoys.ThisyearinManchesterEnglandpeopledressedupincostumestotellpeoplethatwebuytoomuch.InAlbuquerqueNewMexicohighschoolstudentswantedtotellotherstudentsaboutBuyNothingDay.TheyorganizedaspaghettidinnertogivepeopleinformationaboutBuyNothingDay.39.Theymadepostersandtalkedtootherstudentsaboutit.40.Thestudentsathighschoolslikedtheideaofthisnewtradition.NextyeartheywanttohaveanotherdinnertotellmorepeopleaboutBuyNothingDay.A.TheyaskedrestaurantsintheneighborhoodtodonatethefooD.B.AtthistimeweseeadsinNewspapersandonTVtellingustobuybuybuy!C.BuyNothingDayhassuccessfullypersuadedpeoplenotbuyanything.D.ManypeoplethinkhighlyoftheideaofBuyNothingDay.E.Theydon’twantanyonetogoshoppingonthatday.F.NowpeopleallovertheworldcelebrateBuyNothingDay.G.ThedinnerwasabigsuccessandmanystudentsagreednottobuyanythingonNovember29.
BodylanguagemistakesyoushouldavoidatworkCommunicationisnotonlyaboutwordsbutalsogestures.Thereforeyoushouldbecarefulabouthowyouuseyourbodywhenexpressingyourself.AvoidingeyecontactWhenspeakingwithaworkmateavoidingeyecontactmakesyoulookunprofessional.36Thereforeyoushouldalwayskeepeyecontactespeciallywhenyouaremakingapoint.CrossingyourarmsCrossingyourarmsshowsthatyouarenotopentoothersandthatyouwanttoputadistancebetweenyourselfandthem.37Inordertogiveothersawarmfeelingjustkeepyourarmsopen.CheckingthetimeCheckingthetimeeveryfewminutesmakespeoplefeelyouareinahurryorwouldratherbesomewhereelsE.38Thereforewhenyouarespeakingtoyourworkmatestrynottolookattheclockveryoften.Badbodyposture姿势Havingabadposturesuchasdroppedshouldersoralowerneckcanmeanthatyouarenotinterestedinwhatisgoingonaroundyou.39Alsokeepyourheadhigh.WeakhandshakeA.weakhandshakemeansthatyoudon’tcaremuchaboutthepersonyouareshakinghandswith.Trytogreetthepersonwithafirm有力的handshakE.Howeverdon’tforgetthatahandshakethatistoofirmcanbeimpolitE.40A.ThereforetrytofindtherightbalancE.B.Nodyourheadtoshowthatyouarelistening.C.ItlookslikeyouarenotinterestedinbeingtherE.D.Thisshowsthatyouhaveconfidenceinyourself.E.ThisisgenerallyconsideredasapositionofdefencE.F.Itisimportanttostandorsitupstraightwhenspeakingtosomebody.G.ItalsoshowsthatyouarenotconfidentorshownointerestinthetopiC.
ThejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninventeD.36Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.1.CuriosityYourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.37AskkidsWhatingredients配料canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?andthentrythemout.Didthoseingredientsmakethepancakesbetter?Whatcouldwetrynexttime?2.CreativityTruecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit.38Thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.3.InterpersonalSkillsUnderstandinghowothersfeelcanbeachallengeforkids.Weknowwhat’sgoingoninsideourownheadbutwhataboutothers?Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidsfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions.39Whydoyouthinkshe’scrying?Canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbylookingathisface?Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyouhowwouldyoufeel?4.Self-Expression40Therearemanywaystoexpressthoughtsandideas—musicactingdrawingbuildingphotography.Youmayfindthatyourchildisattractedbyonemorethananother.A.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.B.Andwecan’tforgetscienceeducation.C.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.D.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyetexist?E.Gardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingkidsdevelopthisskill.F.Wecandothisinreallifeoraskquestionsaboutcharactersinstories.G.Beingabletocommunicateideasinameaningfulwayisavaluableskill.
Teenagersareespeciallylikelytosufferloneliness.Herearesomesuggestionsforspeedingarecoveryfromloneliness.Reachouttoothersbutstartsmall.A.smileandafriendlygreetingforthestudentbehindyouinlineatthecafeteriawon’tmakeyoubestfriends.36ItalsocanmakeiteasiertointeractthenexttimE.Findasafeplacetomakeconnections.Ifgoingtotheschooldancemakesyoufeellikeyoujustdon’tbelongtryjoiningaspecial-interestgroup.Maybeit’sthedramacluborthemarchingbanD.37.Findotherwaysofmakingconnections.Lonelypeoplehungerforacceptanceandfriendship.Sometimesfeelingacceptedandlikedcomesmoreeasilywhenyoudosomethingforothers.38Teachachildinreading.TakenotesforadisabledclassmatE.Youmightbesurprisedattheconnectionsyoumakeafterreachingoutintheseways.39Lonelinessisanabsenceofqualityfriendshipsnotofaparticularquantityoffriends.That’swhyit’simportanttoknowhowtoselectafrienD.Thebestfriendshipsarethosebasedonsimilarvaluesandattitudes.Yougetwhatyouexpectsoexpectthebest.Ifyouexpectotherstobefriendlyyouwillbehaveinsimilarways.40Itgoesawayasteenslearnhowtofindtheirwaythroughtheirsocialworldandconnectwithothers.A.ButitwillmakeyoubothfeelprettygooD.B.Soconsiderbecomingavolunteer.C.Someteensaren’tsoadaptablehowever.D.Encouragepeopletobefriendliertoyou.E.ChoosetherightpeoplE.F.Formostyoungpeoplelonelinessisonlytemporary.G.Lookforagroupthatallowsyoutoeaseingradually.
AfterSteveJobsdiedhisfriendLarryEllisonsaidsomethinglikethisTherewillneverbeanotherSteveJobs.16LarrywrotethislistofSteve'slifelessonstoremindusall.Lovewhatyoudo.SurelyStevebecameabillionairewhenhebroughtAppleback.Applewashiscalling—evenafterhegotfiredfromthecompany.Weallhavebadjobsatonepointinourlives.Butthequestionis:amIintherightjob?HaveIfoundtherightcompany?Lifedoesn'tgoonforever.17Don'tdoitallbyyourself.Stevelearnedagreatleadercan'tdoitallbyhimself.HeneedspeoplE.TheymustbetalenteD.18Theymustbegiventheopportunitytosucceedandfail.InshortwehavetolearntobeagreatleaderifwewanttoseeourgreatideasandhardworktrulyhaveaninfluenceontheworlD.19Appleisalwaysthebestatcreatinganewproductthatmeetstheexactneedsofusers.It'sempathy共鸣thathelpsAppleachievethis.WhenevertheuserhasthefirsttouchwithanewAppleproducthesaysWowit'sjustwhatIneed.Rememberyou'reKinginthebusinessworldifyouknowexactlywhatconsumersdesirE.Don'tmessaroundwithyourhealth.20That'sthemostimportantlessonfromSteve'slifE.It'sgreattolearnfromhimnowbutthefactisthatheshouldstillbehereifhehadtreatedhiscancerproperly.InsteadStevechoseanaturopathic自然疗法solutionthatwasn'teffectivE.Whenhefinallydecidedtotakehisdoctor'soriginaladviceitwastoolatE.A.BethebestinyourfielD.B.TheymustbeinspireD.C.Getonourrightpathnow.D.Takeyourhealthseriously.E.Putyourselfintheotherperson'sshoes.F.Willthisleadtoasuccessfulcareer?G.Whatarethekeythingsthatwecanlearnfromhim?
Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabatterstudentinseveralways21.Secondyournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Thirdnote-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforareport22.Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenoteskeepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.23Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.●Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.●Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfacts.●Writeyournotesinyourownwords.●24●Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.Asyoutakenotesyoumaywanttouseyourownshorthand速记.WhenyoudobesurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetimE.25A.Usewordsnotcompletesentences.B.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.D.Otherwiseyoumaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.E.youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.G.Firstthesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.
Therightpairofexerciseshoescandoalottopreventdiscomfortandinjuriespersonaltrainerssay.Herearesomeshoppingtips:71Dependingonyourworkoutshoesdesignedforwalkingrunningtenniscross-trainingoranotherspecialtywillprovidethebestsupportforyourfeet.ShopwhenyounormallyexercisE.Feetactuallygetbiggerthroughoutthedaysometimesswellingupasmuchasahalf-sizebynighttimE.72Trythemon.Nevergrabapairofexerciseshoesbasedonlyonthesizeoffootwearyounormallybuy.Bringthetypeofsocksyou’dweartoworkoutandgoforawalkthroughthestorE.73Youshouldbeabletospreadyourtoesoutcomfortably.Makesurethere’saboutahalf-inchofspacebetweenthemandthefrontoftheshoE.Thebackshouldfitsnuglywarmlyandcomfortablyagainstyourheelandnotmoveupanddown.IfyourfeetaredifferentsizesbuybasedonthelargeronE.Talktoanexpert.Shoesalesmenandpersonaltrainerscanstudyyourstride步伐andtheshapeofyourfeet.7475Manytrainersrecommendswitchingfootweareverythreetofivemonthsifpossibletomaintainpropercushioningandsupport.Onetip:ifyouhavetotieyourshoesverytightlytofeelagoodamountofsupporttheymaybereadytogo.A.Thinkabouthowmuchyoucanaffordtobuytheworkoutshoes.B.ConsideryourtypeofexercisE.C.Focusonfit.D.Sodon’tshopthefirstthinginthemorningifyouoftenworkoutintheevening.E.Paymoreattentiontonewstyleshoes.F.Replacewornshoesregularly.G.Usuallytheycanrecommendthebestshoestoguardagainstinjuries.
SELFSTUDYTIPSHoweverdifficultyoufindittoarrangeyourtimeitwillpayoffinthelongrunifyousetasideacertainpartofthedayforstudyingandsticktoit.1.Butdon’tforgettomakesurethatyouhaveenoughleftforrecreationalactivitiesorsimplytobewithyourself:readinganovelorwatchingatelevisionprogrammE.Aspartofyourweeklyscheduleitisalsoadvisabletoconsiderexactlywhatyouhavetodointhatweekandmakesurethatyouhandlethemostsignificanttasksfirst.2.Onaphysicallevelmakesureyouhaveanareaorspaceforstudying.3.IfyoualwaysstudyinthesameplacepreferablyaroomofyourownyouwillfinditeasiertoadjustmentallytotheactivitywhenyouenterthatareA.YoushouldhaveeverythingthatyoumightneedathanD.MakesurethatallthephysicalequipmentthatyouusesuchasadeskchairetC.isatgoodheightforyou.IfyouuseapersonalcomputerthereareplentyofguidelinesavailablefromthemovementonangleslightingandthelikE.4.IfyouareworkingontopicyourteacherhassetbutfindingithardtoconcentrateitmaybethatyouactuallyneedtotakeyourmindrightoffitforaperiodoftimE.5.Afteraperiodawayfromthetestnothavingthoughtaboutitatallyoumayreturntoitrefreshedandfullofideas.A.It’swisetoleavetheeasierorlessurgentareasofyourworkuntillaterB.It’salltooeasytoreadsomethingandthenforgetwhereitcamefromC.ConsulttheseandavoidthetypicalstudentachesandpainsD.AiringthemindcanworkwonderssometimesE.MakeuseofequipmentthatisavailabletoyouF.ItisbesttomakeaweeklyscheduleG.Don’tdoitjustanywhere
Whenyou’reinthemarkettobuyacheaplaptoptherearemanyfactorstoconsider.Doyouwanttogowitharefurbished翻新的laptoporanewone?Areyouwillingtogiveupsomefeaturesforacheaplaptop?36DecidewhatfeaturesyouneeD.IfyouareonlygoingtobeusingyournewlaptopforwordprocessingconnectingtotheInternetandemailyoucansavemuchmorethansomeonewhowillneedalaptopcapableofsupportinggamingetC.37DoyouwantaNetbookoraNotebook?Netbooksarethenewoptionforsmallercheaperlaptops.38Howevertheyarelimitedintheirfunctionality.Ifyouknowwhatyouwillbeusingyournewlaptopforyoucangettheonethatbestsuitsyourneeds.Chooseanappropriateprocessor.39Ifyougowithacheaplaptopyoushouldmakesuretheprocessorisfastenoughtosupportyoureverydaywork.Checkthememory.Justaswiththeprocessorcheaplaptopsaregenerallygoingtohavelessmemory.Ifyouareusingyournewlaptopinalimitedwaythismaybejustfineforyou.Besuretocheckthatthememorywillbeenoughforyoureverydayuses.40Ifyou’relookingforacheaplaptopthatwillstorealotofinformationdefinitelypayattentiontotheharddrivecapacity.YoumaybeabletogetagreatdealbutmayhavetopayforitwithlimitedstoragespacE.A.Findacheaplaptop.B.Checktheharddrivecapacity.C.Theprocessorwilldeterminehowfastyourlaptopwillrun.D.Theyusuallystartataround$300andaremucheasiertotransport.E.Byknowingwhatfeaturesyouneedyoucansignificantlycutthecost.F.Allofthesecaninfluenceyourdecisionwhenyoubuyalaptop.G.Wheninthemarkettobuyacheaplaptoplooksaren’talwaysamajorfactor.
HowtoexpressyourangerThebestwaytomanageangerisbydealingwithitdirectly—youmustlearntoexpressyourangerinahealthyandhelpfulway.Expressingyourselfwhenyouareveryangrycanbedifficult.Butitcanalsobeveryhelpful.36Theyfeelbetteraboutthemselves.Andmostimportantlytheyaretakingcontroloftheirownemotions.Theyarereactingtotheirangerinagoodway.37Firststaycalmwhenyouareexpressingyourself.Itisalsoimportanttobeclearanddirectwhenyouexpressyourself.Youshouldalsoshowrespecttotheotherperson.ItisalsoimportantnottoblameotherpeoplE.Blamingotherpeoplecanleadtoarguingandfighting.Insteadpeopleshouldexpresstheirangerbysayingwhattheyarefeeling.ForexampleifapersonisangrysheshoulduseIstatements.Thesearesimplesentencesthatstatehowapersonfeels.ForexampleyoushouldnotsayYouneverhelpmecleanthehome!38Whenpeopleareexpressingtheirangertheyshouldremembertothinkabouttheotherpeoplewhoareinvolvedinthesituation.39Oftenwhenpeoplelookatasituationinthiswaytheycanadmitthattheyarenotalwaysbeingfair.Peoplecanadmitthattheirangerisnotbeinghelpful.Peoplecannotalwayscontrolwhatotherpeopledoorwhathappensaroundthem.Butpeoplecancontrolthewaytheyreact!Donotletyourangerbuildupinsideofyou!Asapersononcesaid:Itisnotgoodformetoholdontoanger.40A.Youcantalktoadoctor.B.Iamtheonlyonethatitisreallyhurting.C.Wordscanbeextremelydamagingtoarelationship.D.Trytolookatthesituationfromtheotherperson’spointofview.E.Whenpeoplecanexpresstheirneedstheyfeelliketheyaresolvingtheproblem.F.InsteadyoucouldsayIamangrythatyoudidnotoffertohelpmecleanthehome.G.Buttherearethingspeopleshouldrememberwhentheyexpresstheirneedswhenangry.
36.FriendshipsbetweenAmericanscanbecloseandrealyetdisappearsoonifsituationschangE.Neithersidefeelshurtbythis.BothmayexchangeChristmasgreetingsforayearortwoperhapsafewlettersforawhilethennomorE.Ifthesametwopeoplemeetagainbychanceevenyearslater37..ThiscanbequitedifficultforusChinesetounderstandbecausefriendshipsbetweenusflowmoreslowlybutthenmaybecomelifelongfeelings.Anotherdifficultpointforustounderstandisthat38..ThisisusuallytheoppositeofthepracticeinourcountrywherewemaybegenerouswithourtimE.Sometimesweashostswillappearatairportseveninthemiddleofthenighttomeetafriend;39..TheAmericanshowevertheywillprobablyexpectustogetourselvesfromtheairporttoourownhotelbybus.AndtheyexpectthatwewillphonethemfromtherE.Oncewearriveattheirhomes40..FortheAmericansitisoftenconsideredmorefriendlytoinviteafriendtotheirhomesthantogotorestaurantsexceptforpurebusinessmatters.Soaccepttheirhospitalityathome!A.theydon’tshowtheirpolitenessifitrequiresagreatdealoftimeB.FriendshipsbetweenAmericansusuallyextenddeeplyintotheirfamilies.C.Americansalwaysshowtheirwarmtheveniftheyareverybusy.D.thewelcomewillbefullwarmandrealE.wemaytakedaysofftoactasguidestoourforeignfriendsF.theypickupthefriendshipG.Americaisamobilesociety.
HowcanIfightlaziness?LazypeoplewillneveramounttoanythinginlifE.HoweverlazinesscanbedefeatedonceafewchangeshavebeenmadeinyourminD._____36_____Manypeoplelacksleepconstantlysincetheystayuptoolateandgetuptooearlytoprepareforwork.ThesepeoplehavelittlemotivationoncetheyarrivehomE.Lazinessworkshandinhandwithalackofmotivationandatendencytoputoffthings.Byadjustingyoursleepscheduletoprovideafewmorehoursofmeaningfulrestyoucanfightlazinessthroughouttheday.AnotherwaytofightlazinessistochangeyourmindfrompassivetoactivE.Somepeopletreattheirlivesasiftheywerepushedfromtasktotask.OtherstakeamoreproactiveapproachviewingeachtaskasachallengetheymustovercomealonE._____37_____Somepeoplefightlazinessbyremovingthetemptationsthatsurroundthem.A.televisioninthelivingroommayprovideentertainmentbutwatchingtoomuchTVoftencontributestolaziness._____38_____Completeafewtasksandrewardyourselfwithwhatyouenjoysuchasagooddinnerorafilm.Lazinesscanalsobealastingproblemathome.Couplesandchildrenmayallhavedifferentenergylevelsbutlazinesscanbespreadifnotdealtwithimmediately._____39_____Bethefirsttocollectandwashdishesafterameal.Othersinthehomemayeventuallyfollowyourexampleandperformtheirowntask.ItisdifficulttopracticelazinesswhenyouaresurroundedbymotivatedpeoplE._____40______Enoughexerciseandabalanceddietcanhelpyoutodevelopahealthylifestylethusenablingyoutohavemoreenergyandhelpliftyourspirits.A.TofightfamilylazinesssetanexamplE.B.Knowinghowtofightlazinessisimportant.C.Onewaytofightlazinessistogetenoughsleep.D.Finallytakingexerciseregularlycanhelpyoufightlaziness.E.Withstrongdeterminationyouwillbeabletoachieveyourgoal.F.LazinesssetsinwhenyounolongerfeelinchargeofyourownlifE.G.Createarewardsystemforyourselfjustasparentsdoforthechildren.
Allovertheworldpeopleenjoysports.Sportshelptokeeppeoplehealthyhappyandhelpthemtolivelonger.36TheybuyticketsorturnontheirTVstowatchthegames.Oftentheygetveryexcitedwhentheirplayerorteamwins.37FootballforexamplehasspreadaroundtheworlD.Swimmingispopularinallcountriesneartheseaorinthosewithmanyrivers.WhatfunitistojumpintoapoolorlakewhetherinChinaEgyptorItaly!38ThinkhowmanypeoplelovetoskateorskiinJapanNorwayorCanadA.Somesportsorgamesgobacktothousandsofyearslikerunningorjumping.Chineseboxingforexamplehasaverylonghistory.Butbasketballandvolleyballarerathernew.Neitheroneisahundredyearsoldyet.39Waterskiingisoneofthenewestinthefamilyofsports.Peoplefromdifferentcountriesmaynotbeabletounderstandeachotherbutafteragametheyoftenbecomegoodfriends.40OnelearnstofighthardbutfightfairtowinwithoutprideandtolosewithgracE.A.Andthinkofpeopleincoldcountries.B.Sportshelptotrainaperson’scharacter.C.NotafewpeoplelikesportsintheworlD.D.Manypeopleliketowatchothersplaygames.E.Peoplearen’tinventingnewsportsorgames.F.Somesportsaresointerestingthatpeopleeverywheregoinforthem.G.PeopleareinventingnewsportsorgamesallthetimE.
ThereisonethingthateveryonewantsmorethananythingelsE.36Theythinkthatwhentheyhaveenoughmoneytobuysuchthingsashousesfarmsandcarstheywillhavetheonethingthateveryonewants.Otherpeoplebelievethatiftheyknowenoughtheywillfindthisthing.37Stillothersthinkthatiftheyhavepowertheywillfindthisthing.SomepeoplekeeptellingthemselvesWhenIamabossIwillnolongerhavetosearchforthisthing.What’sitthateveryonewantsmorethananythingelse?What’sitthatallofuskeepworkingandstrugglingforeachday?38Happinessisastrangething.39Whatwillmakeonemanhappymaynotmakeanothermanhappy.Somemensaythathappinesscomesfromhelpingothers;othermensaythathappinesscomesfrommakinglifemorepleasantforeveryonE.WhatdoyoumeanwhenyousayThatmakesmehappy.40Perhapsyouwilllearnsomethingthatwillbringyoupeaceofmindcomfortmoneyoritmaybewhatyousearchfor—happiness.A.Itishappiness.B.Itdoesnotmeanthesametoallmen.C.Theystudyalltheirlifeinsearchofit.D.HappinessmeansthesametoeveryonE.E.Somepeopletrytogetitbymakingmoney.F.Readwhatdifferentpeoplehavesaidabouthappiness.G.WhenonemanfeelshappyanothermanwillfeelsaD.
Itmayhelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech.AtsomepointineveryspeecheveryspeakersayssomethingthatisnotunderstoodexactlyashehasplanneD.36.Why?Becausethelistenersdonotknowwhatthespeakerplanstosay.37.Ifyouloseyourplaceforamomentwronglychangetheorderofacoupleofsentencesorforgettopauseatacertainpointnoonewillbeanythewiser.Whensuchmomentsoccurdon’tworryaboutthem.38.Evenifyoudomakeanobviousmistakeduringaspeechthatdoesn’treallymatter.Mostlikelyhoweveryoudon’tremember.39.Speech-makerscarealotaboutmakingmistakesinaspeechbecausetheyregardspeech-makingasakindofperformanceratherthanasanactofcommunication.40.ButinfactthelistenersarenotlookingforaperformancE.Theyarelookingforawell-thought-outspeechthatexpressesthespeaker’sideasclearlyanddirectly.Sometimesamistakeorhecanactuallyincreaseaspeaker’sattractivenessbymakinghimmorehuman.Asyouworkonyourspeechdon'tworryaboutbeingperfect.Onceyoufreeyourmindofthisyouwillfinditmucheasiertogiveyourspeechfreely.A.Theyfeelthelistenersarelikejudgesinanice-skatingcompetitionB.TheyhearonlywhatthespeakerdoessayC.Thespeech-makersthinktheaudiencecarelittleabouttheirappearanceD.BecauseyouwerefixingyourattentiononyourownmessageE.ReconsiderwhatyouraudiencewouldliketohearF.FortunatelythemomentsareusuallynotobvioustothelistenersG.Justcontinueasifnothinghappened
Todaywetellabouttheexpressionapple-pieorder.ItmeansinperfectorderverywellorganizeD.11SomesaythatScottishandEnglishwritersusetheexpressionalongtimeago.OtherssayitwasfirstusedinthenortheasternAmericanstate—NewEnglanD.12Thentheyfilledpiepanswiththeminanorganizedway—rowuponrow.Thisperhapsexplainswhyit’sbelievedtobegininNewEnglanD.Anotheroldexpressiondescribestheoppositecondition—chaos.Thatexpressionisappleofdiscord不和.Itcomesfromancientmythology神话.ItsaysthatallthegodsandgoddesseswerecelebratingthemarriageofThetisandPeleus.OneofthegodsDiscordatroublemakerthrewagoldenappleonthetabletobegivenasaprizetothemostbeautifulgoddess.ItwasnotaneasydecisiontomakE.13HedecidedtogiveittoVenus.JunoandMinervawereveryangryandthreatenedhim.ThisthemythsaysbegantheTrojanWar.AtonetimethetomatowascalledaloveapplE.ThatwasamistakE.14InthesixteenthcenturySpainimportedtomatoformsouthAmericA.SpainthenexportedtomatotoMorocco.ItaliantraderscarrieditontoItaly.TheItaliannamefortomatowaspomodeMauroappleoftheMoores.WhenFrenchgrowersimporteditfromItalytheythoughtdeMauromeantd’amourtheFrenchwordforloveandsopommed’amourbecametheappleoflovE.15Onebeliefisthatithasgreatpowersofkeepingpeoplehealthy.A.verycommonexpressionisanappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.Anotherbeliefisbasedonfact:onerottenapplespoilsthebarrel.TheexpressionhascometomeanthatonebadpersoninagroupcancauseeveryonetoactbaD.A.EveryonepresenthadtherighttovotE.B.ThisishowthemistakehappeneD.C.PeoplebelievemanythingsabouttheapplE.D.TherearealsomanystoriesabouttheapplE.E.Pariswasgiventhetaskofdeciding.F.Thehousewivestherecuttheirapplesinevenslices.G.Nobodyissurewhereandwhentheexpressionbegan.
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