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? ?阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择 5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?{{...
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阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置
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{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?? {{B}}?????????? ??????????? GlobalWarming{{/B}}??1.Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobal warmingprotectingtheplanetfromperhapsthree-quartersofthegreenhouse 温室effect.Thatmightsoundlikegoodnewsbutexpertssaythatasthecover diminishesincomingdecadeswearefacingadramaticincreaseofwarmingthat couldbetwooreventhreetimesasgreatasofficialbestguesses.? ?2.Thiswasthedramaticconclusionreachedlastweekataworkshopin DahlemBerlinwheretopatmosphericscientistsgottogetherincludingNobel prizewinnerPaulCrutzenandSwedishscientistBertBolinformerchairmanof theUN’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeIPCC.??3. IPCCscientistshavesuspectedforadecadethataerosols浮质ofsmokeand otherparticlesfromburningrainforestcropwasteandfossilfuelsare blockingsunlightandcounteractingthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxide二氧化物 emissions.Untilnowtheyreckonedthataerosolsreducedgreenhousewarmingby perhapsaquartercuttingincreasesby0.2℃.Sothe0.6℃ofwarmingoverthe pastcenturywouldhavebeen0.8℃withoutaerosols.??4.Butthe Berlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigureisevenhigher—aerosolsmayhave reducedglobalwarmingbyasmuchasthree-quarterscuttingincreasesby1.8℃. Ifsothegoodnewsisthataerosolshavepreventedtheworldgettingalmost twodegreeswarmerthanitisnow.Butthebadnewsisthattheclimatesystem ismuchmoresensitivetogreenhousegasesthanpreviouslyguessed.? ?5.Asthosegasesareexpectedtocontinueaccumulatingintheatmosphere whileaerosolsstabilizeorfallthatmeansdramaticconsequencesfor estimatesoffutureclimatechangethescientistsagreedinadraftreport fromtheworkshop.Whenthecoverdiminishesinthecomingdecadestemperature______.A.willinfluencefutureclimatechange
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ????{{B}}Vienna{{/B}}??Viennawasoneofthe musiccentersofEuropeduringtheclassicalperiodandHaydnMozartand Beethovenwereallactivethere.AstheseatoftheHolyRomanEmpirewhich includedpartsofpresent-dayAustriaGermanyItalyHungaryCzechand Slovakiaitwasa{{U}}?51?{{/U}}culturalandcommercialcenter{{U}} ?52?{{/U}}acosmopolitancharacter.Itspopulationofalmost250 000in1800madeViennathefourthlargestcityinEurope.Allthree{{U}} ?53?{{/U}}masterswerebornelsewherebuttheyweredrawntoVienna tostudyandtoseek{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.InViennaHaydnandMozart becameclosefriendsandinfluencedeachother’smusical{{U}}?55 ?{{/U}}BeethoventraveledtoViennaatsixteentoplayforMozart;at twenty-twohereturnedtostudywithHaydn.??Aristocratsfrom allovertheEmpirespentthewinterinViennasometimesbringingtheir private{{U}}?56?{{/U}}.Musicwasanimportantpartofcourtlifeand agoodorchestrawasa{{U}}?57?{{/U}}ofprestige.Manyofthenobility wereexcellentmusicians.??Muchmusicwasheardinprivate concertswherearistocratsandwealthycommonersplayed{{U}}?58 ?{{/U}}professionalmusicians.MozartandBeethovenoftenearnedmoneyby performingintheseintimateconcerts.Thenobility{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}hiredservantswhocould{{U}}?60?{{/U}}asmusicians.An advertisementintheViennaGazetteof1789{{U}}?61?{{/U}}:Wanted forahouseofthegentryamanservantwhoknowshowtoplaytheviolin well.??InViennatherewasalsooutdoormusiclightandpopular in{{U}}?62?{{/U}}.Smallstreetbandsofwindandstringplayers playedatgardenpartiesorunderthewindowsofpeople{{U}}?63 ?{{/U}}tothrow{{U}}?64?{{/U}}money.?HaydnandMozartwrote manyoutdoorentertainment{{U}}?65?{{/U}}whichtheycalled divertimentosorserenades.Vienna’sgreatloveofmusicanditsenthusiastic demandfornewworksmadeitthechosencityofHaydnMozartand Beethoven.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????????ATrip{{/B}}? ?EveryyearNewZealanderslivinginLondoncanbeseenloadingupKombi vansandheadingofftoexperiencetheclassicEuropeanholiday.Thetrip usuallystartsinthenorthofFranceaftercrossingthechannelfromDoverin EnglandtoCalaisdrivingdownthroughFranceoverthePyreneesintoSpain westintoPortugalandthenacrosstheContinenttoItalyandoften beyond.??TherearenumerousreasonsyoungNewZealanderstake thisriteofpassage—aswellasseeingallthefantasticsightsandtastingthe delightsofEurope’sfoodandwineit’srelativelyinexpensive.TheKombiis transportandaccommodationallinonecuttingdownsignificantlyon costs.??Thereisjustoneproblem.?AstheKombisbecome antiquethesetripsareusuallypunctuatedwithnumerousroadsidesessionsas thevansitsidleinnohurrytostartwhileyouswelterinthehotsun.But donotletthisdeteryou.TravellingEuropeinyourownvehiclemeansnopublic transportschedulestocrampyourstyletheabilitytoexplorethequaint off-the-beaten-trackvillageswherethereallocalslivefreedomtonothave tobookaccommodationinadvance—youcannearlyalwaysgetacampsiteandcan loadyourvehiclewithcheapfantasticregionalwinesandsouvenirs.Withthese bonusesinmindherearesomesuggestionsforplanningthegreatEuroperoad adventure.Thekeytoapleasurabledrivingexperienceisagoodnavigatoranda driverwithacoolhead.IfyoudonotfeelrelaxeddrivingaroundNewZealand’s citiesandhighwaysthenyouprobablywillnotenjoydrivingaroundEurope.As Co-pilottothedriveryouneedtoreadandunderstandmapslookoutfor turnoffs—andkeepthemusicplaying.Languageisnotabigproblemonceafew essentialtermsaremastered.Thebiggestchallengeisinthecitieswhere trafficcanbechaoticandelaborateone-waysystemsandnarrowcobbled alleywayscanmakefindingyourdestinationhardwork.Itcanbeeasiertoleave thevehicleontheoutskirtsoftownorinacampinggroundandusepublic transport.Thisalsoavoidspayingforcostly parking.Whatisthebiggesttrouble?______
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????????ATrip{{/B}}? ?EveryyearNewZealanderslivinginLondoncanbeseenloadingupKombi vansandheadingofftoexperiencetheclassicEuropeanholiday.Thetrip usuallystartsinthenorthofFranceaftercrossingthechannelfromDoverin EnglandtoCalaisdrivingdownthroughFranceoverthePyreneesintoSpain westintoPortugalandthenacrosstheContinenttoItalyandoften beyond.??TherearenumerousreasonsyoungNewZealanderstake thisriteofpassage—aswellasseeingallthefantasticsightsandtastingthe delightsofEurope’sfoodandwineit’srelativelyinexpensive.TheKombiis transportandaccommodationallinonecuttingdownsignificantlyon costs.??Thereisjustoneproblem.?AstheKombisbecome antiquethesetripsareusuallypunctuatedwithnumerousroadsidesessionsas thevansitsidleinnohurrytostartwhileyouswelterinthehotsun.But donotletthisdeteryou.TravellingEuropeinyourownvehiclemeansnopublic transportschedulestocrampyourstyletheabilitytoexplorethequaint off-the-beaten-trackvillageswherethereallocalslivefreedomtonothave tobookaccommodationinadvance—youcannearlyalwaysgetacampsiteandcan loadyourvehiclewithcheapfantasticregionalwinesandsouvenirs.Withthese bonusesinmindherearesomesuggestionsforplanningthegreatEuroperoad adventure.Thekeytoapleasurabledrivingexperienceisagoodnavigatoranda driverwithacoolhead.IfyoudonotfeelrelaxeddrivingaroundNewZealand’s citiesandhighwaysthenyouprobablywillnotenjoydrivingaroundEurope.As Co-pilottothedriveryouneedtoreadandunderstandmapslookoutfor turnoffs—andkeepthemusicplaying.Languageisnotabigproblemonceafew essentialtermsaremastered.Thebiggestchallengeisinthecitieswhere trafficcanbechaoticandelaborateone-waysystemsandnarrowcobbled alleywayscanmakefindingyourdestinationhardwork.Itcanbeeasiertoleave thevehicleontheoutskirtsoftownorinacampinggroundandusepublic transport.Thisalsoavoidspayingforcostly parking.TheunderlinedwordKombiPara.1mostprobablymeans______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????ConsumerGoods{{/B}}??Consumerproducts aregoodsandservicesdestinedforthefinalconsumerforpersonalfamilyor householduse.??Consumergoodswerefirstclassifiedabout65 yearsagobyMelvinT.Copeland.Histhree-categorysystemofconvenience shoppingandspecialtygoodsiswidelyemployedtoday.Thesystemisbasedon shoppersawarenessofalternativeproductsandtheircharacteristicspriorto theshoppingtripandthedegreeofsearchshopperswillundertake.Itis importanttorecognizethatplacingaproductintooneofthesecategories dependsontheshopper’sbehavior.??Conveniencegoodsarethose purchasedwithaminimumofeffortbecausethebuyerhasknowledgeofproduct characteristicspriortoshopping.Theconsumerdoesnotwanttosearchfor additionalinformationbecausetheitemhasbeenboughtbeforeandwillaccept asubstituteratherthanhavetofrequentmorethanonestore.? ?Conveniencegoodscanbesubdividedintostaplesimpulsegoodsand emergencygoods.Staplesarelow-priceditemsthatareroutinelypurchasedona regularbasissuchasdetergentmilkandcereal.Impulsegoodsareitemsthat theconsumerdoesnotplantobuyonaspecifictriptoastoresuchascandy amagazineandicecream.Emergencygoodsareitemspurchasedoutofurgent needsuchasanumbrelladuringarainstormatiretoreplaceaflator aspirinforaheadache.??Shoppinggoodsarethoseforwhich consumerslacksufficientinformationaboutproductalternativesandtheir attributesandthereforemustacquirefurtherknowledgeinordertomakea purchasedecision.Forattribute-basedshoppinggoodsconsumersgetinformation aboutandthenevaluateproductfeatureswarrantyperformanceoptionsand otherfactors.Thegoodwiththebestcombinationofattributesispurchased. SonyelectronicsandCalvinKleinclothesaremarketedasattribute-based shoppinggoods.Forprice-basedshoppinggoodsconsumersjudgeproduct attributestobesimilarandlookaroundfortheleastexpensiveitem/store. Consumerswillexerteffortinsearchingforinformationbecauseshoppinggoods areboughtinfrequently.Goldstarelectronicsandstore-brandclothesare marketedasprice-basedshoppinggoods.??Specialtygoodsare thosetowhichconsumersarebrandloyal.Theyarefullyawareoftheseproducts andtheirattributespriortomakingapurchasedecision.Theyarewillingto makeasignificantpurchaseefforttoacquirethebranddesiredandwillpaya higherpricethancompetitiveproductsifnecessary.Forspecialtygoods consumerswillnotmakepurchasesiftheirbrandisnotavailable.Substitutes arenotacceptable.Forprice-basedshoppinggoodsconsumersdonotcareabouttheirquality.
Intheeighteenthcenturythe{{U}}heading{{/U}}ofnaturalphilosophyencompassedallofthesciences.
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????????HowtoEducate Children{{/B}}??AsEleanorRooseveltoncesaidUniversalhuman rightsbegininsmallplacesclosetohome.AndToleranceorgaWebsite fromtheSouthernPovertyLawCenterishelpingparentsacrossthecountry createhomesinwhichtoleranceandunderstandingareguidingthemes.Thegoal ofnurturingopen-mindedempatheticchildrenisachallengingonesays JenniferHolladaydirectorofTolerance;org.Tocultivatetoleranceparents havetoinstillinchildrenasenseofempathyrespectandresponsibility—to oneselfandtoothers—aswellastherecognitionthateverypersononearthisa treasure.Holladayoffersseveralwaysparentscanpromotetolerance:? ?Talkabouttolerance.Toleranceeducationisanongoingprocess;itcannot becapturedinasinglemoment.Establishahighcomfortlevelforopendialogue aboutsocialissues.Letchildrenknowthatnosubjectistaboo.Identify intolerancewhenchildrenareexposedtoit.Pointoutstereotypesandcultural misinformationdepictedinmoviesTVshowscomputergamesandothermedia. Challengebiaswhenitcomesfromfriendsandfamilymembers.Donotletthe momentpass.Beginwithaqualifiedstatement:AndrewjustcalledpeopleofXYZ faith‘lunatics.’WhatdoyouthinkaboutthatZoe?Letchildrendomostof thetalking.Challengeintolerancewhenitcomesfromyourchildren.Whena childsaysordoessomethingthatreflectsbiasesorembracesstereotypes confrontthechild:WhatmakesthatjokefunnyJerome?Guidetheconversation towardinternalizationofempathyandrespect—Mimiusesawalkerhoney.Howdo youthinkshewouldfeelaboutthatjoke?orHowdidyoufeelwhenRobbiemade funofyourglasseslastWeek?Supportyourchildrenwhentheyarethevictims ofintolerance.Respectchildren’stroublesbyacknowledgingwhentheybecome targetsofbias.Don’tminimizetheexperience.Provideemotionalsupportand thenbrainstormconstructiveresponses.Forexampledevelopasetofcomebacks tousewhenchildrenarethevictimsofname-calling.Createopportunitiesfor childrentointeractwithpeoplewhoaredifferentfromthem.Lookcriticallyat howachilddefinesnormal.Expandthedefinition.Visitplaygroundswherea varietyofchildrenarepresent—peopleofdifferentracessocioeconomic backgroundsfamilystructuresetc.Encourageachildtospendtimewith elders—grandparentsforexample.Encouragechildrentocalluponcommunity resources.Achildwhoisconcernedaboutworldhungercanvolunteeratalocal soupkitchenorhomelessshelter.Theearlierchildreninteractwiththe communitythebetter.Thiswillhelpconveythelessonthatwearenotislands untoourselves.Modelthebehavioryouwouldliketosee.Asaparentandas yourchild’sprimaryrolemodelbeconsistentinhowyoutreatothers. RememberyoumaysayDoasIsaynotasIdobutactionsreallydospeak louderthanwords.TheexampleofaskingHowdidyoufeelwhenRobbiemadefunofyourglasseslastweek?istoillustratethatitisindispensableto______.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????????HowtoEducate Children{{/B}}??AsEleanorRooseveltoncesaidUniversalhuman rightsbegininsmallplacesclosetohome.AndToleranceorgaWebsite fromtheSouthernPovertyLawCenterishelpingparentsacrossthecountry createhomesinwhichtoleranceandunderstandingareguidingthemes.Thegoal ofnurturingopen-mindedempatheticchildrenisachallengingonesays JenniferHolladaydirectorofTolerance;org.Tocultivatetoleranceparents havetoinstillinchildrenasenseofempathyrespectandresponsibility—to oneselfandtoothers—aswellastherecognitionthateverypersononearthisa treasure.Holladayoffersseveralwaysparentscanpromotetolerance:? ?Talkabouttolerance.Toleranceeducationisanongoingprocess;itcannot becapturedinasinglemoment.Establishahighcomfortlevelforopendialogue aboutsocialissues.Letchildrenknowthatnosubjectistaboo.Identify intolerancewhenchildrenareexposedtoit.Pointoutstereotypesandcultural misinformationdepictedinmoviesTVshowscomputergamesandothermedia. Challengebiaswhenitcomesfromfriendsandfamilymembers.Donotletthe momentpass.Beginwithaqualifiedstatement:AndrewjustcalledpeopleofXYZ faith‘lunatics.’WhatdoyouthinkaboutthatZoe?Letchildrendomostof thetalking.Challengeintolerancewhenitcomesfromyourchildren.Whena childsaysordoessomethingthatreflectsbiasesorembracesstereotypes confrontthechild:WhatmakesthatjokefunnyJerome?Guidetheconversation towardinternalizationofempathyandrespect—Mimiusesawalkerhoney.Howdo youthinkshewouldfeelaboutthatjoke?orHowdidyoufeelwhenRobbiemade funofyourglasseslastWeek?Supportyourchildrenwhentheyarethevictims ofintolerance.Respectchildren’stroublesbyacknowledgingwhentheybecome targetsofbias.Don’tminimizetheexperience.Provideemotionalsupportand thenbrainstormconstructiveresponses.Forexampledevelopasetofcomebacks tousewhenchildrenarethevictimsofname-calling.Createopportunitiesfor childrentointeractwithpeoplewhoaredifferentfromthem.Lookcriticallyat howachilddefinesnormal.Expandthedefinition.Visitplaygroundswherea varietyofchildrenarepresent—peopleofdifferentracessocioeconomic backgroundsfamilystructuresetc.Encourageachildtospendtimewith elders—grandparentsforexample.Encouragechildrentocalluponcommunity resources.Achildwhoisconcernedaboutworldhungercanvolunteeratalocal soupkitchenorhomelessshelter.Theearlierchildreninteractwiththe communitythebetter.Thiswillhelpconveythelessonthatwearenotislands untoourselves.Modelthebehavioryouwouldliketosee.Asaparentandas yourchild’sprimaryrolemodelbeconsistentinhowyoutreatothers. RememberyoumaysayDoasIsaynotasIdobutactionsreallydospeak louderthanwords.AccordingtoJenniferHolladaywhoarechildren’sprimaryrolemodels?______
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ????{{B}}Vienna{{/B}}??Viennawasoneofthe musiccentersofEuropeduringtheclassicalperiodandHaydnMozartand Beethovenwereallactivethere.AstheseatoftheHolyRomanEmpirewhich includedpartsofpresent-dayAustriaGermanyItalyHungaryCzechand Slovakiaitwasa{{U}}?51?{{/U}}culturalandcommercialcenter{{U}} ?52?{{/U}}acosmopolitancharacter.Itspopulationofalmost250 000in1800madeViennathefourthlargestcityinEurope.Allthree{{U}} ?53?{{/U}}masterswerebornelsewherebuttheyweredrawntoVienna tostudyandtoseek{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.InViennaHaydnandMozart becameclosefriendsandinfluencedeachother’smusical{{U}}?55 ?{{/U}}BeethoventraveledtoViennaatsixteentoplayforMozart;at twenty-twohereturnedtostudywithHaydn.??Aristocratsfrom allovertheEmpirespentthewinterinViennasometimesbringingtheir private{{U}}?56?{{/U}}.Musicwasanimportantpartofcourtlifeand agoodorchestrawasa{{U}}?57?{{/U}}ofprestige.Manyofthenobility wereexcellentmusicians.??Muchmusicwasheardinprivate concertswherearistocratsandwealthycommonersplayed{{U}}?58 ?{{/U}}professionalmusicians.MozartandBeethovenoftenearnedmoneyby performingintheseintimateconcerts.Thenobility{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}hiredservantswhocould{{U}}?60?{{/U}}asmusicians.An advertisementintheViennaGazetteof1789{{U}}?61?{{/U}}:Wanted forahouseofthegentryamanservantwhoknowshowtoplaytheviolin well.??InViennatherewasalsooutdoormusiclightandpopular in{{U}}?62?{{/U}}.Smallstreetbandsofwindandstringplayers playedatgardenpartiesorunderthewindowsofpeople{{U}}?63 ?{{/U}}tothrow{{U}}?64?{{/U}}money.?HaydnandMozartwrote manyoutdoorentertainment{{U}}?65?{{/U}}whichtheycalled divertimentosorserenades.Vienna’sgreatloveofmusicanditsenthusiastic demandfornewworksmadeitthechosencityofHaydnMozartand Beethoven.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?? {{B}}?????????? ??????????? GlobalWarming{{/B}}??1.Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobal warmingprotectingtheplanetfromperhapsthree-quartersofthegreenhouse 温室effect.Thatmightsoundlikegoodnewsbutexpertssaythatasthecover diminishesincomingdecadeswearefacingadramaticincreaseofwarmingthat couldbetwooreventhreetimesasgreatasofficialbestguesses.? ?2.Thiswasthedramaticconclusionreachedlastweekataworkshopin DahlemBerlinwheretopatmosphericscientistsgottogetherincludingNobel prizewinnerPaulCrutzenandSwedishscientistBertBolinformerchairmanof theUN’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeIPCC.??3. IPCCscientistshavesuspectedforadecadethataerosols浮质ofsmokeand otherparticlesfromburningrainforestcropwasteandfossilfuelsare blockingsunlightandcounteractingthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxide二氧化物 emissions.Untilnowtheyreckonedthataerosolsreducedgreenhousewarmingby perhapsaquartercuttingincreasesby0.2℃.Sothe0.6℃ofwarmingoverthe pastcenturywouldhavebeen0.8℃withoutaerosols.??4.Butthe Berlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigureisevenhigher—aerosolsmayhave reducedglobalwarmingbyasmuchasthree-quarterscuttingincreasesby1.8℃. Ifsothegoodnewsisthataerosolshavepreventedtheworldgettingalmost twodegreeswarmerthanitisnow.Butthebadnewsisthattheclimatesystem ismuchmoresensitivetogreenhousegasesthanpreviouslyguessed.? ?5.Asthosegasesareexpectedtocontinueaccumulatingintheatmosphere whileaerosolsstabilizeorfallthatmeansdramaticconsequencesfor estimatesoffutureclimatechangethescientistsagreedinadraftreport fromtheworkshop.TheBerlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigure______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????ConsumerGoods{{/B}}??Consumerproducts aregoodsandservicesdestinedforthefinalconsumerforpersonalfamilyor householduse.??Consumergoodswerefirstclassifiedabout65 yearsagobyMelvinT.Copeland.Histhree-categorysystemofconvenience shoppingandspecialtygoodsiswidelyemployedtoday.Thesystemisbasedon shoppersawarenessofalternativeproductsandtheircharacteristicspriorto theshoppingtripandthedegreeofsearchshopperswillundertake.Itis importanttorecognizethatplacingaproductintooneofthesecategories dependsontheshopper’sbehavior.??Conveniencegoodsarethose purchasedwithaminimumofeffortbecausethebuyerhasknowledgeofproduct characteristicspriortoshopping.Theconsumerdoesnotwanttosearchfor additionalinformationbecausetheitemhasbeenboughtbeforeandwillaccept asubstituteratherthanhavetofrequentmorethanonestore.? ?Conveniencegoodscanbesubdividedintostaplesimpulsegoodsand emergencygoods.Staplesarelow-priceditemsthatareroutinelypurchasedona regularbasissuchasdetergentmilkandcereal.Impulsegoodsareitemsthat theconsumerdoesnotplantobuyonaspecifictriptoastoresuchascandy amagazineandicecream.Emergencygoodsareitemspurchasedoutofurgent needsuchasanumbrelladuringarainstormatiretoreplaceaflator aspirinforaheadache.??Shoppinggoodsarethoseforwhich consumerslacksufficientinformationaboutproductalternativesandtheir attributesandthereforemustacquirefurtherknowledgeinordertomakea purchasedecision.Forattribute-basedshoppinggoodsconsumersgetinformation aboutandthenevaluateproductfeatureswarrantyperformanceoptionsand otherfactors.Thegoodwiththebestcombinationofattributesispurchased. SonyelectronicsandCalvinKleinclothesaremarketedasattribute-based shoppinggoods.Forprice-basedshoppinggoodsconsumersjudgeproduct attributestobesimilarandlookaroundfortheleastexpensiveitem/store. Consumerswillexerteffortinsearchingforinformationbecauseshoppinggoods areboughtinfrequently.Goldstarelectronicsandstore-brandclothesare marketedasprice-basedshoppinggoods.??Specialtygoodsare thosetowhichconsumersarebrandloyal.Theyarefullyawareoftheseproducts andtheirattributespriortomakingapurchasedecision.Theyarewillingto makeasignificantpurchaseefforttoacquirethebranddesiredandwillpaya higherpricethancompetitiveproductsifnecessary.Forspecialtygoods consumerswillnotmakepurchasesiftheirbrandisnotavailable.Substitutes arenotacceptable.Beforemakingthefinaldecisionofwhetherornottobuyshoppinggoodsacustomerhastovisitvariousshopstogatherinformation.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?? {{B}}?????????? ??????????? GlobalWarming{{/B}}??1.Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobal warmingprotectingtheplanetfromperhapsthree-quartersofthegreenhouse 温室effect.Thatmightsoundlikegoodnewsbutexpertssaythatasthecover diminishesincomingdecadeswearefacingadramaticincreaseofwarmingthat couldbetwooreventhreetimesasgreatasofficialbestguesses.? ?2.Thiswasthedramaticconclusionreachedlastweekataworkshopin DahlemBerlinwheretopatmosphericscientistsgottogetherincludingNobel prizewinnerPaulCrutzenandSwedishscientistBertBolinformerchairmanof theUN’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeIPCC.??3. IPCCscientistshavesuspectedforadecadethataerosols浮质ofsmokeand otherparticlesfromburningrainforestcropwasteandfossilfuelsare blockingsunlightandcounteractingthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxide二氧化物 emissions.Untilnowtheyreckonedthataerosolsreducedgreenhousewarmingby perhapsaquartercuttingincreasesby0.2℃.Sothe0.6℃ofwarmingoverthe pastcenturywouldhavebeen0.8℃withoutaerosols.??4.Butthe Berlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigureisevenhigher—aerosolsmayhave reducedglobalwarmingbyasmuchasthree-quarterscuttingincreasesby1.8℃. Ifsothegoodnewsisthataerosolshavepreventedtheworldgettingalmost twodegreeswarmerthanitisnow.Butthebadnewsisthattheclimatesystem ismuchmoresensitivetogreenhousegasesthanpreviouslyguessed.? ?5.Asthosegasesareexpectedtocontinueaccumulatingintheatmosphere whileaerosolsstabilizeorfallthatmeansdramaticconsequencesfor estimatesoffutureclimatechangethescientistsagreedinadraftreport fromtheworkshop.Paragraph4______
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????????Hack{{/B}}? ?Thefirstbig-namehackersincludeSteveWozniakBillGatesandLinus Torvaldsallnowhighlyrecognizablenamesbehindmanyofthecomputer technologiesusedtoday.Theseearlyhackershadaloveoftechnologyanda compellingneedtoknowhowitallworkedandtheirgoalwastopushprograms beyondwhattheyweredesignedtodo.Backthenthewordhackerdidn’thave thenegativeconnotationithastoday.Theoriginalhackerethicrootedoutof simplecuriosityandaneedtobechallengedappearstobedead.? ?Theobjectivesofearlyhackersareafarcryfromthegoalsoftoday’s hacker.Themotivationofthenewbreedofhackersappearsnottobecuriosity orahungerforknowledgeasitusedtobe.Insteadmostoftoday’shackers aredrivenbygreedpowerrevengeorsomeothermaliciousintenttreating hackingasagameorsportemployingthetoolsthatarereadilyavailablevia theInternet.??Therateofsecurityattacksisactuallyoutpacing thegrowthoftheInternet.Thismeansthatsomethingbesidesthegrowthofthe Internetisdrivingtheriseinsecurityattacks.Herearesomerealitiesyou shouldknowabout:Operatingsystemsandapplicationswillneverbesecure.New vulnerabilitieswillbeintroducedintoyourenvironmenteveryday.Andevenif youeverdogetoneoperatingsystemsecuretherewillbenewoperatingsystems withnewvulnerabilities—phoneswirelessdevicesandnetworkappliances. Employeeswillneverkeepupwithsecuritypolicesandawareness.Itdoesn’t matterbowmuchyoutrainandeducateyouremployees.Ifyouremployees disregardwarningsaboutthehazardsofopeningquestionablee-mailattachments bowareyougoingtoeducatethemaboutproperlyconfiguringfirewallsand intrusiondetectionsystemsfortheirPCs?Managershavemoreresponsibility thanever.Andontopoftherealitieslistedabovesecuritymanagersarebeing askedtosupportincreasingdegreesofnetworkavailabilityandaccess.There aresomegoodsecuritymeasuresyoucantake:Employalayer7full-inspection firewall.Automaticallyupdateyouranti-virusatthegatewayserverand client.Keepallofyoursystemsandapplicationsupdated.Hackerscommonly breakintoaWebsitethroughknownsecurityholessomakesureyourservers andapplicationsarepatchedanduptodate.Turnoffunnecessarynetwork services.Eliminateallunneededprograms.?Scannetworkforcommon backdoorservices—Useintrusiondetectionsystemsvulnerabilityscans anti-virusprotection.WhichofthefollowingstatementsofSteveWozniakBillGatesandLinusTorvaldsisTRUE?
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?? {{B}}?????????? ??????????? ????PricePlanning{{/B}}??Aprice representsthevalueofagoodsorserviceforboththesellerandthebuyer. Priceplanningissystematicdecisionmakingbyanorganizationregardingall aspectsofpricing.??Thevalueofagoodsorservicecaninvolve bothtangibleandintangiblemarketingfactors.Anexampleofatangible marketingfactoristhecostsavings{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.Anexampleofan intangiblemarketingfactorisaconsumer’sprideintheownershipofa Lamborghiniratherthananotherbrandofautomobile.Foranexampletotake placeboththebuyerandsellermustfeelthatthepriceofagoodsorservice providesanequitablevalue.Tothebuyerthepaymentofapricereduces purchasingpower{{U}}?47?{{/U}}.Tothesellerreceiptofapriceis asourceofrevenueandanimportantdeterminantofsalesandprofit levels.??Manywordsaresubstitutesforthetermprice:admission feemembershipfeeratetuitionservicechargedonationrentsalary interestretainerandassessment.Nomatterwhatitiscalled{{U}}?48 ?{{/U}}:monetaryandnon-monetarychargesdiscountshandlingandshipping feescreditchargesandotherformsofinterestandlate-payment penalties.??Anon-priceexchangewouldbesellinganewironfor 10booksoftradingstampsoranairlineofferingticketsaspaymentfor advertisingspaceandtime.Monetaryandnon-monetaryexchangemaybecombined. Thisiscommonwithautomobiles{{U}}?49?{{/U}}.Thiscombination allowsareductioninthemonetaryprice.??Fromabroader perspectivepriceisthemechanismforallocatinggoodsandservicesamong potentialpurchasersandforensuringcompetitionamongsellersinanopen marketeconomy.Ifthereisanexcessofdemandoversupplypricesareusually bidupbyconsumers.Ifthereisanexcessofsupplyoverdemand{{U}}?50 ?{{/U}}.A.apricecontainsallthetermsofpurchaseB.obtainedby thepurchaseofanewbottlingmachinebyasodamanufacturerC.wherethe consumergivesthesellermoneyplusatrade-inD.availableforother itemsE.pricesareusuallyreducedbysellersF.pricemeanswhatone paysforwhathewants
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????????Hack{{/B}}? ?Thefirstbig-namehackersincludeSteveWozniakBillGatesandLinus Torvaldsallnowhighlyrecognizablenamesbehindmanyofthecomputer technologiesusedtoday.Theseearlyhackershadaloveoftechnologyanda compellingneedtoknowhowitallworkedandtheirgoalwastopushprograms beyondwhattheyweredesignedtodo.Backthenthewordhackerdidn’thave thenegativeconnotationithastoday.Theoriginalhackerethicrootedoutof simplecuriosityandaneedtobechallengedappearstobedead.? ?Theobjectivesofearlyhackersareafarcryfromthegoalsoftoday’s hacker.Themotivationofthenewbreedofhackersappearsnottobecuriosity orahungerforknowledgeasitusedtobe.Insteadmostoftoday’shackers aredrivenbygreedpowerrevengeorsomeothermaliciousintenttreating hackingasagameorsportemployingthetoolsthatarereadilyavailablevia theInternet.??Therateofsecurityattacksisactuallyoutpacing thegrowthoftheInternet.Thismeansthatsomethingbesidesthegrowthofthe Internetisdrivingtheriseinsecurityattacks.Herearesomerealitiesyou shouldknowabout:Operatingsystemsandapplicationswillneverbesecure.New vulnerabilitieswillbeintroducedintoyourenvironmenteveryday.Andevenif youeverdogetoneoperatingsystemsecuretherewillbenewoperatingsystems withnewvulnerabilities—phoneswirelessdevicesandnetworkappliances. Employeeswillneverkeepupwithsecuritypolicesandawareness.Itdoesn’t matterbowmuchyoutrainandeducateyouremployees.Ifyouremployees disregardwarningsaboutthehazardsofopeningquestionablee-mailattachments bowareyougoingtoeducatethemaboutproperlyconfiguringfirewallsand intrusiondetectionsystemsfortheirPCs?Managershavemoreresponsibility thanever.Andontopoftherealitieslistedabovesecuritymanagersarebeing askedtosupportincreasingdegreesofnetworkavailabilityandaccess.There aresomegoodsecuritymeasuresyoucantake:Employalayer7full-inspection firewall.Automaticallyupdateyouranti-virusatthegatewayserverand client.Keepallofyoursystemsandapplicationsupdated.Hackerscommonly breakintoaWebsitethroughknownsecurityholessomakesureyourservers andapplicationsarepatchedanduptodate.Turnoffunnecessarynetwork services.Eliminateallunneededprograms.?Scannetworkforcommon backdoorservices—Useintrusiondetectionsystemsvulnerabilityscans anti-virusprotection.VarioussecuritymeasuresarerecommendedEXCEPT
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{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?? {{B}}?????????? ??????????? GlobalWarming{{/B}}??1.Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobal warmingprotectingtheplanetfromperhapsthree-quartersofthegreenhouse 温室effect.Thatmightsoundlikegoodnewsbutexpertssaythatasthecover diminishesincomingdecadeswearefacingadramaticincreaseofwarmingthat couldbetwooreventhreetimesasgreatasofficialbestguesses.? ?2.Thiswasthedramaticconclusionreachedlastweekataworkshopin DahlemBerlinwheretopatmosphericscientistsgottogetherincludingNobel prizewinnerPaulCrutzenandSwedishscientistBertBolinformerchairmanof theUN’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeIPCC.??3. IPCCscientistshavesuspectedforadecadethataerosols浮质ofsmokeand otherparticlesfromburningrainforestcropwasteandfossilfuelsare blockingsunlightandcounteractingthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxide二氧化物 emissions.Untilnowtheyreckonedthataerosolsreducedgreenhousewarmingby perhapsaquartercuttingincreasesby0.2℃.Sothe0.6℃ofwarmingoverthe pastcenturywouldhavebeen0.8℃withoutaerosols.??4.Butthe Berlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigureisevenhigher—aerosolsmayhave reducedglobalwarmingbyasmuchasthree-quarterscuttingincreasesby1.8℃. Ifsothegoodnewsisthataerosolshavepreventedtheworldgettingalmost twodegreeswarmerthanitisnow.Butthebadnewsisthattheclimatesystem ismuchmoresensitivetogreenhousegasesthanpreviouslyguessed.? ?5.Asthosegasesareexpectedtocontinueaccumulatingintheatmosphere whileaerosolsstabilizeorfallthatmeansdramaticconsequencesfor estimatesoffutureclimatechangethescientistsagreedinadraftreport fromtheworkshop.Paragraph2______
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????????Hack{{/B}}? ?Thefirstbig-namehackersincludeSteveWozniakBillGatesandLinus Torvaldsallnowhighlyrecognizablenamesbehindmanyofthecomputer technologiesusedtoday.Theseearlyhackershadaloveoftechnologyanda compellingneedtoknowhowitallworkedandtheirgoalwastopushprograms beyondwhattheyweredesignedtodo.Backthenthewordhackerdidn’thave thenegativeconnotationithastoday.Theoriginalhackerethicrootedoutof simplecuriosityandaneedtobechallengedappearstobedead.? ?Theobjectivesofearlyhackersareafarcryfromthegoalsoftoday’s hacker.Themotivationofthenewbreedofhackersappearsnottobecuriosity orahungerforknowledgeasitusedtobe.Insteadmostoftoday’shackers aredrivenbygreedpowerrevengeorsomeothermaliciousintenttreating hackingasagameorsportemployingthetoolsthatarereadilyavailablevia theInternet.??Therateofsecurityattacksisactuallyoutpacing thegrowthoftheInternet.Thismeansthatsomethingbesidesthegrowthofthe Internetisdrivingtheriseinsecurityattacks.Herearesomerealitiesyou shouldknowabout:Operatingsystemsandapplicationswillneverbesecure.New vulnerabilitieswillbeintroducedintoyourenvironmenteveryday.Andevenif youeverdogetoneoperatingsystemsecuretherewillbenewoperatingsystems withnewvulnerabilities—phoneswirelessdevicesandnetworkappliances. Employeeswillneverkeepupwithsecuritypolicesandawareness.Itdoesn’t matterbowmuchyoutrainandeducateyouremployees.Ifyouremployees disregardwarningsaboutthehazardsofopeningquestionablee-mailattachments bowareyougoingtoeducatethemaboutproperlyconfiguringfirewallsand intrusiondetectionsystemsfortheirPCs?Managershavemoreresponsibility thanever.Andontopoftherealitieslistedabovesecuritymanagersarebeing askedtosupportincreasingdegreesofnetworkavailabilityandaccess.There aresomegoodsecuritymeasuresyoucantake:Employalayer7full-inspection firewall.Automaticallyupdateyouranti-virusatthegatewayserverand client.Keepallofyoursystemsandapplicationsupdated.Hackerscommonly breakintoaWebsitethroughknownsecurityholessomakesureyourservers andapplicationsarepatchedanduptodate.Turnoffunnecessarynetwork services.Eliminateallunneededprograms.?Scannetworkforcommon backdoorservices—Useintrusiondetectionsystemsvulnerabilityscans anti-virusprotection.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofsecurityattacks?______
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?? {{B}}?????????? ??????????? ????PricePlanning{{/B}}??Aprice representsthevalueofagoodsorserviceforboththesellerandthebuyer. Priceplanningissystematicdecisionmakingbyanorganizationregardingall aspectsofpricing.??Thevalueofagoodsorservicecaninvolve bothtangibleandintangiblemarketingfactors.Anexampleofatangible marketingfactoristhecostsavings{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.Anexampleofan intangiblemarketingfactorisaconsumer’sprideintheownershipofa Lamborghiniratherthananotherbrandofautomobile.Foranexampletotake placeboththebuyerandsellermustfeelthatthepriceofagoodsorservice providesanequitablevalue.Tothebuyerthepaymentofapricereduces purchasingpower{{U}}?47?{{/U}}.Tothesellerreceiptofapriceis asourceofrevenueandanimportantdeterminantofsalesandprofit levels.??Manywordsaresubstitutesforthetermprice:admission feemembershipfeeratetuitionservicechargedonationrentsalary interestretainerandassessment.Nomatterwhatitiscalled{{U}}?48 ?{{/U}}:monetaryandnon-monetarychargesdiscountshandlingandshipping feescreditchargesandotherformsofinterestandlate-payment penalties.??Anon-priceexchangewouldbesellinganewironfor 10booksoftradingstampsoranairlineofferingticketsaspaymentfor advertisingspaceandtime.Monetaryandnon-monetaryexchangemaybecombined. Thisiscommonwithautomobiles{{U}}?49?{{/U}}.Thiscombination allowsareductioninthemonetaryprice.??Fromabroader perspectivepriceisthemechanismforallocatinggoodsandservicesamong potentialpurchasersandforensuringcompetitionamongsellersinanopen marketeconomy.Ifthereisanexcessofdemandoversupplypricesareusually bidupbyconsumers.Ifthereisanexcessofsupplyoverdemand{{U}}?50 ?{{/U}}.A.apricecontainsallthetermsofpurchaseB.obtainedby thepurchaseofanewbottlingmachinebyasodamanufacturerC.wherethe consumergivesthesellermoneyplusatrade-inD.availableforother itemsE.pricesareusuallyreducedbysellersF.pricemeanswhatone paysforwhathewants
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????ConsumerGoods{{/B}}??Consumerproducts aregoodsandservicesdestinedforthefinalconsumerforpersonalfamilyor householduse.??Consumergoodswerefirstclassifiedabout65 yearsagobyMelvinT.Copeland.Histhree-categorysystemofconvenience shoppingandspecialtygoodsiswidelyemployedtoday.Thesystemisbasedon shoppersawarenessofalternativeproductsandtheircharacteristicspriorto theshoppingtripandthedegreeofsearchshopperswillundertake.Itis importanttorecognizethatplacingaproductintooneofthesecategories dependsontheshopper’sbehavior.??Conveniencegoodsarethose purchasedwithaminimumofeffortbecausethebuyerhasknowledgeofproduct characteristicspriortoshopping.Theconsumerdoesnotwanttosearchfor additionalinformationbecausetheitemhasbeenboughtbeforeandwillaccept asubstituteratherthanhavetofrequentmorethanonestore.? ?Conveniencegoodscanbesubdividedintostaplesimpulsegoodsand emergencygoods.Staplesarelow-priceditemsthatareroutinelypurchasedona regularbasissuchasdetergentmilkandcereal.Impulsegoodsareitemsthat theconsumerdoesnotplantobuyonaspecifictriptoastoresuchascandy amagazineandicecream.Emergencygoodsareitemspurchasedoutofurgent needsuchasanumbrelladuringarainstormatiretoreplaceaflator aspirinforaheadache.??Shoppinggoodsarethoseforwhich consumerslacksufficientinformationaboutproductalternativesandtheir attributesandthereforemustacquirefurtherknowledgeinordertomakea purchasedecision.Forattribute-basedshoppinggoodsconsumersgetinformation aboutandthenevaluateproductfeatureswarrantyperformanceoptionsand otherfactors.Thegoodwiththebestcombinationofattributesispurchased. SonyelectronicsandCalvinKleinclothesaremarketedasattribute-based shoppinggoods.Forprice-basedshoppinggoodsconsumersjudgeproduct attributestobesimilarandlookaroundfortheleastexpensiveitem/store. Consumerswillexerteffortinsearchingforinformationbecauseshoppinggoods areboughtinfrequently.Goldstarelectronicsandstore-brandclothesare marketedasprice-basedshoppinggoods.??Specialtygoodsare thosetowhichconsumersarebrandloyal.Theyarefullyawareoftheseproducts andtheirattributespriortomakingapurchasedecision.Theyarewillingto makeasignificantpurchaseefforttoacquirethebranddesiredandwillpaya higherpricethancompetitiveproductsifnecessary.Forspecialtygoods consumerswillnotmakepurchasesiftheirbrandisnotavailable.Substitutes arenotacceptable.Somegoodsareclassifiedasconveniencegoodsbecausetheycanbeboughtwithlittleefforts.
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{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????????HowtoEducate Children{{/B}}??AsEleanorRooseveltoncesaidUniversalhuman rightsbegininsmallplacesclosetohome.AndToleranceorgaWebsite fromtheSouthernPovertyLawCenterishelpingparentsacrossthecountry createhomesinwhichtoleranceandunderstandingareguidingthemes.Thegoal ofnurturingopen-mindedempatheticchildrenisachallengingonesays JenniferHolladaydirectorofTolerance;org.Tocultivatetoleranceparents havetoinstillinchildrenasenseofempathyrespectandresponsibility—to oneselfandtoothers—aswellastherecognitionthateverypersononearthisa treasure.Holladayoffersseveralwaysparentscanpromotetolerance:? ?Talkabouttolerance.Toleranceeducationisanongoingprocess;itcannot becapturedinasinglemoment.Establishahighcomfortlevelforopendialogue aboutsocialissues.Letchildrenknowthatnosubjectistaboo.Identify intolerancewhenchildrenareexposedtoit.Pointoutstereotypesandcultural misinformationdepictedinmoviesTVshowscomputergamesandothermedia. Challengebiaswhenitcomesfromfriendsandfamilymembers.Donotletthe momentpass.Beginwithaqualifiedstatement:AndrewjustcalledpeopleofXYZ faith‘lunatics.’WhatdoyouthinkaboutthatZoe?Letchildrendomostof thetalking.Challengeintolerancewhenitcomesfromyourchildren.Whena childsaysordoessomethingthatreflectsbiasesorembracesstereotypes confrontthechild:WhatmakesthatjokefunnyJerome?Guidetheconversation towardinternalizationofempathyandrespect—Mimiusesawalkerhoney.Howdo youthinkshewouldfeelaboutthatjoke?orHowdidyoufeelwhenRobbiemade funofyourglasseslastWeek?Supportyourchildrenwhentheyarethevictims ofintolerance.Respectchildren’stroublesbyacknowledgingwhentheybecome targetsofbias.Don’tminimizetheexperience.Provideemotionalsupportand thenbrainstormconstructiveresponses.Forexampledevelopasetofcomebacks tousewhenchildrenarethevictimsofname-calling.Createopportunitiesfor childrentointeractwithpeoplewhoaredifferentfromthem.Lookcriticallyat howachilddefinesnormal.Expandthedefinition.Visitplaygroundswherea varietyofchildrenarepresent—peopleofdifferentracessocioeconomic backgroundsfamilystructuresetc.Encourageachildtospendtimewith elders—grandparentsforexample.Encouragechildrentocalluponcommunity resources.Achildwhoisconcernedaboutworldhungercanvolunteeratalocal soupkitchenorhomelessshelter.Theearlierchildreninteractwiththe communitythebetter.Thiswillhelpconveythelessonthatwearenotislands untoourselves.Modelthebehavioryouwouldliketosee.Asaparentandas yourchild’sprimaryrolemodelbeconsistentinhowyoutreatothers. RememberyoumaysayDoasIsaynotasIdobutactionsreallydospeak louderthanwords.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutTolerance.org?______
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