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Now scientists believe that global warming affects hibernating animals, causing them to wake up ear...
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高中英语《重庆市杨家坪中学2015-2016学年高二下学期第二次月考考试试题及答案》真题及答案
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Asanold-fashionedexplorerPaulSalopeksetsoutonfoottocirclearoundtheworlD.Heisalsoamodern-dayexplorer.Ontopofafewclothesasmallfirst-aidkitandnotebooksheiscarryingarecorderavideocameraasmallcomputerandasatellitephone—atelephonethatconnectstoasatelliteandcanbeusedinmanyplaceswherecell-phonesdon’twork.Thejourneyislong:21000miles!Itwilltakesevenyearstocompleteit.SalopekwasborninCaliforniaandspenthischildhoodinMexico.Hesayshehasalwayslikedtotravelanddoesn’tliketorush.AttheageoffourteenheclimbedMountWhitneyinCaliforniaandcrossedthestate’sSierraNevadaMountainsalonE.WhenhewasfifteenyearsoldhewalkedthelengthofDeathValley.Heoncerodeamule2000milesthroughmountainsinMexico.AsalongtimereporterSalopekhasreportedfromAfricaAsiaandMexico.Now51yearsoldheplanstokeepwriting.AshetravelsaroundtheworldheiswritingstoriesaboutthepeoplehemeetsandthewaytheylivE.Helooksforhowpeoplefindlocalsolutionstobigproblemssuchaslackoffoodandwater.HealsorecordsthesoundshehearsandtakesphotosoftheskyandtheEarth’ssurfacE.ThelongwalkstartedintheRifeValleyinEthiopiainEastAfricA.ManyconsiderEastAfricatobehometothefirsthumanswholived160000yearsago.SalopekisretracingthepathsourancestorstookastheyleftAfricaandsettledinpartsoftheMiddleEastEuropeAsiaandtheAmericas.AsSalopekiswalkingheislearningmoreabouthimselfandallofhumankinD.11.Theunderlinedphraseontopofinthefirstparagraphcanbereplacedby______________.A.atthetopofB.incontrasttoC.inadditiontoD.onthebasisof12.Theauthordevelopsthethirdparagraphmainlyby______________.A.providingexamplesB.makingcomparisonsC.makingacarefulanalysisD.followingtheorderoftime13.AccordingtothepassagePaulSalopekisa______________.A.doctorwholikescarryingthesmallfirst-aidkitB.journalistwholikestravelingexploringwritingandstudyingC.writerwholikestravelingexploringandstudyingD.photographerwhoisgoodatusingsatellitecommunicationequipment14.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.PaulSalopek:FollowingMan’sFirstFootstepsB.PaulSalopek:ReflectingPeople’sRealLivesC.PaulSalopek:GoingforaSeven-yearStudyD.PaulSalopek:LookingbackupontheChildhood
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Candogsandcatsliveinpeaceinthesamehome?Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatareworriedthattheywillfight.A.recentresearchhasfoundanewwayforsuccess.Accordingtothestudyifthecatisadoptedbeforethedogandiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyounglessthan6monthsforcatsayearfordogsitishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Twothirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.Howeveritwasn'tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomeswhileattackingandfightingwereobservedin10%ofthehomes.OnereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalsarejustoppositE.Forexamplewhenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsattackwhileadogdoingthesamesignalsadmittingdefeat.Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefullyresearchersobservedasurprisingbehavior.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother'slanguagE.Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalkdoganddogscanlearnhowtotalkcat.What'sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligencE.Theycanlearntoreadeachother'sbodysignalssuggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwaspreviouslythought.Oncefamiliarwitheachother'spresenceandbodylanguagecatsanddogscanplaytogethergreeteachothernosetonoseandenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofA.Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom梳理eachother.Theadvantageofthisresearchoncatsanddogsmaynotonlyaboutpets—topeoplewhodon'tgetalongincludingneighborscolleaguesatworkandevenworldsuperpowers.IfcatsanddogscanlearntogetalongsurelypeoplehaveagoodchancE.32.TheunderlinedwordswimminglyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto________.A.earlyB.sweetlyC.quicklyD.surprisingly33.Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen________.A.theyarecoldtoeachotherB.theylookawayfromeachotherC.theyunderstandeachother'ssignalsinawrongwayD.theyareintroducedatanearlyage34.Whatisfoundsurprisingaboutcatsanddogs?A.Theyeatandsleeptogether.B.Theyobserveeachother'sbehaviors.C.Theylearntospeakeachother'slanguagE.D.Theyknowsomethingfromeachother'svoices.35.Whatcanwehumanbeingslearnfromcatsanddogs?A.WeshouldlearntoliveinpeacE.B.Weshouldknowmoreaboutanimals.C.Weshouldliveinpeacewithanimals.D.Weshouldlearnmorebodylanguages.
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Winteriscomingandsomepartsoftheworldarealreadycoveredwithdeepsnow.ThebestwaytowarmthosecoldhandsisacupofhotsweetchocolatE.Hotchocolatehasbeenusedformanyyearstotreatdiseasesandfightbadmoods.It’sknownasaspecialhealthydrinkfromthe16thto19thcenturiesandsometimeswastakenasamedicinE.Nowadayspeopledon’tconsiderhotchocolateasamedicinebutdrinkevenmorethanever!Thereareplentyoftastyandhealthyhotchocolaterecipes烹饪法youcantrytoenjoythefollowinghealthbenefitsofdrinkinghotchocolatE.ItimprovesyourbrainpowerThestudyshowsthatdrinkinghotchocolatecanhelpimproveyourbrainpowerandyourbrainhealth.Theflavonoids类黄酮inhotchocolateincreasethebloodflowandoxygentoyourbrainhelpingyouthinkbetter.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourmemorytrydrinkingtwocupsofhotchocolateaday.Notonlywillyouimproveyourmemorybutyourmoodaswell.Justmakesureyoudon’tusetoomuchsugarinyourhotchocolatE.ItimprovesyourmoodChocolateincludinghotchocolateiswell-knownmoodbooster.Thistastydrinkhelpsfightstressanxietyanddepression.Buttheproblemishotchocolatemaycontainhighamountsofsugar.Considermakingsugar-freehotchocolatetogetallitsmood-improvingproperties特性.ItcanhelpyouloseweightIfyouaretryingtodropafewpoundsdrinkinghotchocolatecanhelpyouachieveyourweightlossgoal.WhenmadecorrectlyhotchocolateisadeliciousandlowcaloriedrinkthatyoucanenjoyeverytimeyouhavechocolatedesirE.Besidesdrinkingacupoflowcaloriehotchocolatehelpspreventtheintakeofhigh-calorieandsugarfoodslikecakes.Nowthatyou’reawareofsomeofthebesthealthbenefitsofdrinkingchocolatewhatareyouwaitingfor?Rushintoyourkitchenandmakethisfantasticwinterdrink.33.Hotchocolateispopularinwinterbecause.A.itcanmakeyourcoldhandswarmB.ithasbeenusedformanyyearsC.itwasusedtotreatkindsofillnessesD.itisregardedasthehealthiestdrink34.Inthepassagetheauthormainlytalksabout.A.differenthotchocolaterecipesB.materialsusedtomakehotchocolateC.sideeffectsfromdrinkingchocolateD.benefitsofdrinkinghotchocolate35.``Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.hotchocolateistheonlywaytoimprovemoodB.mostpeoplecanbeaddictedtochocolateC.remembernevertohavesugarindrinkD.foodinlowcaloriemakesyouhealthy
DolphinsliveinadarkunderwaterworlD.It’softenimpossibletoseeeachotheroranythingelsearoundthemsosoundplaysanimportantroleintheirsurvival.Tocommunicatewitheachotherdolphinsproduceallkindsofsounds.Onlyotherdolphinsunderstandwhatthesoundsmean.Scientistshaven’tuncoveredtheirsecretcommunicationexceptforonekindofwhistlE.Itmightlastlessthanasecondbutthiswhistleisabigdeal.Why?Becausethesewhistlesareactuallynamesofdolphins-andeverydolphinhasonE.ScientistscallthesesoundsasignaturewhistlE.Whenotherdolphinshearthewhistletheyknowwhichdolphiniswhistling.Dolphinsoftenhuntbythemselvesbutstillneedtostayconnectedtothegroup.Sincetheycan’talwaysseeeachotherdolphinsusetheirsignaturewhistlestocheckinwithotherdolphinshundredsofyardsaway.Incoastalareasdolphinsexchangewhistlesevenwhenthey’reathirdofamileapartsaysGregCampbellwhostudiesanimals.Thatmeansdolphinsshoutouttogroupmembersthatmightbenearlyfivefootballfieldsaway.What’samazingiswhonamesthebabydolphin.Notthemother.Notanauntiedolphinoranothergroupmember.ScientistsbelievethebabydolphinitselfcomesupwiththesignaturewhistlE.Likehumanbabiesababydolphinplayswithsoundsthroughoutitsfirstyear.Whiletestingitssoundskillsababydolphinisdoingsomethingamazing.It’screatingorfiguringoutitssignaturewhistlE.Howorwhyitchoosesitssignaturewhistleisnotclear.Studiesshowthatmostofthetimethesignaturewhistleisnothinglikeitsmother’sorgroupmembers’whistles.Whenthebabydolphinisaboutayearolditssignaturewhistleisset.Thebabydolphinrepeatsitoftensotheotherdolphinslearntorecognizeit.Deciphering破译dolphinnamesisjustthebeginningoffiguringoutwhatdolphinscommunicateabout.Dotheychataboutsharks?Discussthetides?MaybetheyevenhaveanameforpeoplE.Somedayscientistsaretodeciphertherestofdolphins’communication.12.Soundisimportantfordolphinsbecauseof______.A.theirpoorsenseofdirectionB.theirlivingenvironmentC.theirstrongenemiesD.theirbiggroups13.Thedolphin’ssignaturewhistle______.A.canlastalongtimeB.cantravellongdistancesC.candiscussthetidesD.canberecognizedbyotheranimals14.Theauthorwritesthetextmainlyto______.A.encouragereaderstostudydolphinsB.tellalltheinformationofdolphinsC.showhowlovelyandcleverdolphinsareD.introduceaspecialsoundmadebydolphins15.Ababydolphingetsitsname______.A.soonafteritwasbornB.accordingtoitssizeC.allbyitselfD.withthehelpofitsgroup
Manhasbeentothemoon.IthasbeenthefirststeptowardsfutureexplorationinspacE.WhencomparedwiththedistancesbetweenEarthandtheotherplanetsthedistancebetweentheMoonandEarthisveryshortindeeD.MarsthenearestplanettoEarthismillionsofmilesaway!Travelingtotheplanetswillbeman’snextstep.Suchtravelswillbemorechallengingthanthetriptothemoonandcertainlymoreexcitinganddangerous.RecentlytwoAmericanspaceshipsViking1and2landedonMarstryingtodiscoverwhetherthatplanethasanylifeonit.SofarthesignsoflifeonMarshasneitherbeenconfirmednorruledout排除.RussianshavediscoveredthatthesurfaceofVenusissohotthatitisalmostcertainthatthereisnolifetherE.AlsotheatmosphereofVenusisextremelydenseandthepressureisnearlyahundredtimesgreaterthanthatoftheEarth’satmospherE.ScientistsbelievemanmayfindplanetswhichhavethesameconditionsasthosewehaveonEarthbutmanshouldrealizeEarthwillbehisonlyhomeforalongtimeandbegintoloveandcareforit.52.Basedonthepassagetravelingtotheplanetswillbe___________.A.man’sfirststepB.mucheasierandevenmoreinterestingC.formoreexcitinganddangerousD.man’sfinalaim53.WhichofthefollowingisNottrue?A.Marsisnearertotheearththanthemoon.B.ThemoonismuchnearertotheearththanMars.C.OfalltheplanetsMarsisthenearesttotheearth.D.Alltheplanetsaremuchfarthertotheearththanthemoon.54.Mancanliveinaplaceundertheconditionsof___________.A.thesamepressureaswegetonearthB.muchtoohotsurfaceC.normalatmosphereaswehaveonearthD.BothA.andC.55.Scientiststhinkweshouldtakecareofourearthbecause___________.A.theonlyhomeofmanwillbetheearthforalongtimeB.thedreamtofindanotherhomeformanwillcometrueC.nootherplanetsaretotaketheplaceoftheearthD.everythingneededisprovidedbytheearth
EcoCityFarms生态城市农场arebecomingmorepopularincitiesandtownsaroundtheUnitedstates.EcoCityFarmsinEdmontonMarylandislocatednearshoppingcenterscarrepairshopsandhomes.Theneighborhoodisaworking-classcommunity社区.Peopledonothaveverymuchmoney.Andtheyhavelimitedaccess获得tofreshfoodinmarkets.OverthepasttwoyearsthefarmhasattractedvolunteersfromthecommunitylikeMarcyClark.SheschoolsherfourchildrenathomE.OnarecentdayshebroughtthemtoEcoCityFarmsforalesson.HersonAlstonClarkthinkshisexperienceisveryvaluablE.IlikecomingoutherehesaysYouknowyouconnectwiththeearthwhereyourfoodcomesfrom.YouappreciatethefoodalittlebitmorE.MargaretMorganstartedEcoCityFarms.Shethinksofitasaplacewherepeoplecanlearntolivehealthierlives.GrowingfoodinacommunitybringspeopletogethershecontinuesEverypieceofwhatwedohereisademonstration示范toshowpeopleeverythingabouthowtohaveaneco-friendlycommunity.shesays.FromtheEcoCityFarmspeoplecometoknowthattheyarenotonlygrowingfoodandraisingchickensandbeesbutimprovingthesoilwithcompost肥料madefromfoodwastE.EcoCityFarmsisanexperimentaloperation.Thefarmgetsitspowernotfromthelocalelectricitynetworksbutfromthesunwithsolarpanels.Inwinterthegreenhouseuseageothermal地热system.Vegetablescanbegrownallyear.SoonceaweekallwinterlongneighborslikeChrisMossandherthreechildrenbiketothefarmtopickupashareoftheharvest.Ilikeeatingthevegetablessaysfive-year-oldOwenMoss.28.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthepassage?A.EcoCityFarmssavealotofenergy.B.EcoCityFarmshelpstheworking-classlivebetter.C.EcoCityFarmsareinfluencingcommunitylifE.D.EcoCityFarmsaregainingpopularity.29.AccordingtothepassageEcoCityFarmsareclosetothefollowingplacesEXCEPT______.A.shoppingcentersB.carrepairshopsC.fast-foodrestaurantsD.working-classcommunity30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardEcoCityFarms?A.Doubtful.B.DisappointeD.C.SurpriseD.D.Enthusiastic热心的.31.EcoCityFarmgetsitspowerfromA.localelectricitynetworksB.thesunwithsolarpanelsC.thegreenhouseD.ageothermalsystem
Manypeoplenowhaveproblemswithsleep.Drinkingmilkishelpful.A.warmdrinkofmilkbeforebedhaslongbeenthebestchoiceforthosewantingagoodnight’ssleep.Butnowastudyhasfounditreallydoeshelppeoplenodoff---ifitismilkedfromacowatnight.Researchershavediscoveredthatnightmilkcontainsmoremelatonin褪黑激素whichhasbeenproventohelppeoplefeelsleepyandreduceanxiety.ThestudybyresearchersfromSeoulSouthKoreainvolvedmicebeingfedwithdriedmilkpowdermadefromcowsmilkedbothduringthedayandatnight.Thosegivennightmilkwhichcontained10timestheamountofmelatoninwerelessactiveandlessanxiousthanthosefedwiththemilkcollectedduringdaytimeaccordingtothestudypublishedinTheJournalofMedicinalFood.Nightmilkquickenedthestartofsleepandcausedthemicetosleeplonger.Whiletheeffectofcowsmilkharvestedatdifferenttimehasnotbeentestedonhumansuptonowtakingmelatonindrugshasbeensuggestedtothosewhoarestrugglingtofallasleepatnight.Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleepbecauseofhecalciumcontentwhichhelpspeopletorelax.Milkisalsosugar-freeandadditive-freewithnutritionistsrecommendingskimmedmilkasthebestchoicebeforebedasitistheleastfattening.Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtimethegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.32.Accordingtothetextthemicefedwithdaytimemilk_________.A.startedsleepmoreeasilyB.weremoreanxiousC.werelessactiveD.wokeuplater33.Whichofthefollowingistrueofmelatoninaccordingtothetext?A.It’sbeentestedonmicefortentimesB.ItcanmakepeoplemoreenergeticC.ItexistsinmilkingreatamountD.It’susedinsleepingdrugs34.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthenext?A.NightMilkandSleepB.FatSugarandHealthC.AnExperimentonMiceD.MilkDrinkingandHealth35.Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeofthetext?A.BygivingexamplesB.BystatingargumentsC.ByexplainingstatisticaldataD.Byprovidingresearchresults
Chimps黑猩猩willcooperateincertainwayslikegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirterritory.Butbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeingstheyhavelittleinstinct本能tohelponeanother.Chimpsinthewildseekfoodforthemselves.Evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren.whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfooD.Inthelaboratorychimpsdon’tnaturallysharefoodeither.Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselforwithnogreateffortaplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighbortothenextcagehewillpullatrandom---hejustdoesn’tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.Chimpsaretrulyselfish.HumanchildrenontheotherhandareextremelycooperativE.Fromtheearliestagestheydecidetohelpotherstoshareinformationandtoparticipateinachievingcommongoals.ThepsychologistMichaelTomasellohasstudiedthiscooperativenessinaseriesofexperimentswithveryyoungchildren.Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanunrelatedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadooralmostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelpinformandsharearenottaught.butnaturallypossessedinyoungchildren.Oneisthattheseinstinctsappearataveryyoungagebeforemostparentshavestartedtotrainchildrentobehavesocially.AnotheristhatthehelpingbehaviorsarenotimprovedifthechildrenarerewardeD.A.thirdreasonisthatsocialintelligencedevelopsinchildrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive认知的skillsatleastwhencomparedwithchimps.IntestsconductedbyTomtasellthechildrendidnobetterthanthechimpsonthephysicalworldtestsbutwereconsiderablybetteratunderstandingthesocialworldThecoreofwhatchildren’smindshaveandchimps’don’tiswhatTomasellocallssharedintentionality.Partofthisabilityisthattheycaninferwhatothersknoworarethinking.ButbeyondthatevenveryyoungchildrenwanttobepartofasharedpurposE.Theyactivelyseektobepartofaweagroupthatintendstoworktowardasharedgoal.33.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperimentwithchimps?A.Chimpsseldomcareaboutothers’interests.B.Chimpstendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren.C.Chimpsliketotakeintheirneighbors’fooD.D.Chimpsnaturallysharefoodwitheachother.34.MichaelTomasello’stestsonyoungchildrenindicatethatthey____.A.havetheinstincttohelpothersB.knowhowtoofferhelptoadultsC.knowtheworldbetterthanchimpsD.trustadultswiththeirhandsfull35.Thepassageismainlyabout____.A.thehelpingbehaviorsofyoungchildrenB.waystotrainchildren’ssharedintentionalityC.cooperationasadistinctivehumannatureD.thedevelopmentofintelligenceinchildren
TherainhadcontinuedforaweekandthefloodhadcreatedabigriverwhichwererunningbyNancyBrown’sfarm.Asshetriedtogatherhercowstoahighergroundsheslippedandhitherheadonafallentreetrunk.Thefallmadeherunconscious昏迷foramomentortwo.WhenshecametoLizzieoneofheroldestandfavoritecowswaslicking舔herfacE.Atthattimethewaterlevelonthefarmwasstillrising.NancygatheredallherstrengthtogetupandbeganwalkingslowlywithLizziE.Therainhadbecomemuchheavierandthewaterinthefieldwasnowwaisthigh.Nancy’spacegotslowerandslowerbecauseshefeltagreatpaininherheaD.FinallyallshecoulddowastothrowherarmaroundLizzie’sneckandtrytohangon.About20minuteslaterLizziemanagedtopullherselfandNancyoutoftherisingwaterandontoabitofhighlandwhichseemedlikeasmallislandinthemiddleofalakeofwhitewater.EventhoughitwasaboutnoontheskywassodarkandtherainandlightningwassobadthatittookrescuersmorethantwohourstodiscoverNancy.A.manfromahelicopter直升飞机loweredaropebutNancycouldn’tcatchit.A.momentlatertwomenlandedonthesmallislandfromaladderinthehelicopter.TheyraisedherintothehelicopterandtookhertotheschoolgymwheretheRedCrosshadsetupanemergencyshelter.WhentheflooddisappearedtwodayslaterNancyimmediatelywentbacktotheislanD.LizziewasgonE.Shewasoneof19cowsthatNancyhadlostintheflooD.IowemylifetohersaidNancywithtears.21.WhatdidNancytrytodobeforeshefellover?A.MeasurethedepthoftheriverB.LookforafallentreetrunkC.ProtecthercowsfrombeingdrownedD.Runawayfromthefloodedfarm22.Weknowfromthesecondparagraphthat______.A.Nancywasveryweakafterwakingup.B.Therewasasmallislandinthefarm.C.LizzieputNancyonherbackandcarriedher.D.LizziewaskilledbytheflooD.23.Thefollowingaretrueaccordingtothepassageexcept_____.A.IttookLizzieandNancyabout20minutestogettosafety.B.ItwasrainingharderwhenNancymanagedtogetup.C.ThebadweathermadeitdifficultforrescuerstofindNancy.D.Nancytookholdoftheropeandclimbedintothehelicopter.24.Whatdidthelocalpeopledotohelpthoseinthefloodedareaaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyputupshelterfortheminaschool.B.Theyusedhelicopterstohelpcarrycows.C.Theyhelpedfarmersgathertheircows.D.TheysetupanorganizationcalledRedCross.
GreenisanimportantcolorinnaturE.Itisthecolorofgrassandtheleavesontrees.Itisalsothecolorofmostgrowingplants.Sometimesthewordgreenmeansyoungfreshandgrowing.SometimesitdescribessomethingthatisnotyetripeorfinisheD.A.greenhornissomeonewhohasnoexperiencE.whoisnewtoasituation.ButinthefifteenthcenturyagreenhornwasayoungcoworoxwhosehomehadnotyetdevelopeD.A.centuryorsolateragreenhornwasasoldierwhohadnotyethadanyexperienceinbattlE.Bytheeighteenthcenturyagreenhornhadthemeaningithastoday--apersonwhoisnewinajoB.SomeonewhohastheabilitytogrowplantswellissaidtohaveagreenthumB.Theexpressioncomesfromtheearlynineteenhundreds.A.personwithagreenthumbseemstohaveamagictouchthatmakesplantsgrowquicklyandwell.YoumightsaythatthewomannextdoorhasagreenthumbifhergardencontinuestogrowlongafteryourplantshavedieD.Thegreen-eyedmonsterisnotafrighteningcreaturefromouterspaceItisanexpressionusedaboutfourhundredyearsagobyBritishwriterWilliamShakespeareinhisplayOthello.Itdescribestheunpleasantfeelingapersonhaswhensomeonehassomethinghewants.Green-eyedmonstermayaffectyourfriendifyougetapayraiseandshedoesnot.InmostplacesintheworldagreenlightisasignaltomoveaheaD.A.greenlightonatrafficsignalmeansyourcarcancontinueon.Ineverydayspeechagreenlightmeansapprovaltocontinuewithaproject.29.Howmanyexpressionsincludinggreenarementionedinthepassage?A.ThreE.B.Four.C.FivE.D.Six.30.Whatdoesagreenhornmeannow?A.A.personwhohasrichjobexperiencE.B.A.soldierwhohasnotyetanyexperienceinbattlE.C.A.youngcoworoxwhosehornshavenotyetdevelopeD.D.A.personwhoisagreenhandwithoutanyexperiencE.31.Whichexpressioncanbeusedifyourfriendisgoodatgrowingplants?A.A.greenthumB.B.A.greenlight.C.A.greenhornD.Thegreen-eyedmonster.32.Whatwillmakeyousufferfromthegreen-eyedmonster?A.YoumeetafrighteningcreaturE.B.YouwatchtheplayOthello;C.YourhaveatroubleD.YougetapayraisE.
Manypeoplethinkthatthemostpopularwayofcommunicatingwithotherpeopleisthroughthemouth.Butwhattheydon’tknowisthatactualcommunicationusingthemouthaccountsforonlyaround10%orevenlessofallthemeanstocommunicateamessagE.MoreoveryoucanneverdeterminethetruthfulnessorhonestyofpeoplebywhattheysayalonE.Infactwordsexpressedthroughthemouthoftendonotreflectwhatpeoplereallythinkorfeel.ThemorereliablewayyoucandeterminetheirtrueinnerfeelingsandthoughtsisbyreadingtheirbodylanguagE.Everybodycommunicatesusingthesegesturesandifyouunderstandthegesturesandtheirmeaningsyouwillbeabletoreadpeopleandknowwhattheyarereallycommunicatingtoyou.Oneresearcherevenwentasfarastosaythatwespeaktohidewhat’sonourminds.ButgesturescannotliE.Haveyoueverwonderedwhatitwouldbelikeifyoucanseethroughtheemotionsofotherpeople?Let’ssayyouaskapersonwhetherhecandoanimportanttask.HesaysOK.ButdeepinsideyouarequestioningyourselfIshereallywillingtodothisjob?orDoeshehavetheconfidenceinfinishingthistask?Youcan’tquestionhimdirectlybecausethatwouldbelikebelittlinghim.Andevenifyouaskhimthosequestionshisreplieswillnottellyouwhathereallyfeelsorthinks.SothemostusefulwayistoobservehisbodylanguagE.Expressionslikesmilingfrowningpoutingfacialreddeningsweatingtoecurlingandsidewaysglancesarevisiblehintsthatcanhelpyoumakearightjudgment.21.Accordingtothepassageweknow_______.A.wordsthroughthemoutharethemostcommonwayincommunicationB.bodylanguageisthequickestwaytohelppeopleunderstandeachotherC.expressionsarethemostpowerfultooltojudgewhetheramanisconfidentornotD.youmayknowwhatapersonreallythinkswiththehelpofreadinghisbodylanguage22.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninthesecondparagraph?A.WecanexpressourselveswellbybodylanguagE.B.WeusewordstopreventothersknowingourtruethoughtsC.Spokenwordscanfullyreflectourtrueself.D.Weusebodylanguagetohelpexpressourselves23.Theunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraphcanbereplacedwith______A.lookingdownuponB.speakinghighlyofC.laughingatD.believingin
RaftingtheGRANDCANYONWelcomesYou!ForanexcitingfunandchallengingwhitewatertoursRaftingtheGRANDCANYONisheretohelpyouplantherighttourforyou.Whetheryouwanttotravelfortwodaysortenhikeinornotgoonanoarraftormotorizedtripwewillhelpyoufindthetripthatmeetsyourneeds.ForthosewhowillbevacationingontheoffseasonatripontheNativeAmericanRedRiverraftingisavailableyeararoundoraonedaytripisavailableontheColoradoRiverfromDiamondCreektoPierceFerryaboutthreehoursfromLasVegas.MostofthetripsdepartfromLeesFerryArizonaapproximately21/2hoursfromthesouthrimoftheGrandCanyon.WeofferpartialtripswhichallowyoutogetonoroffatPhantomRanchlocatedatthebottomoftheGrandCanyonNationalParkSouthRim.Requiringahikeinoroutwithproperplanningthehorserideupordownisalsoanoption.MosttripsoccurbetweenAprilandOctober.SinceallraftingontheColoradorequiresapermitplanningandreservingyourtriprequiresreservationswellinadvancE.Pleaseletusknowwhenyouwouldliketogoandwewillcontactalltheriverconcessionaires特许权获得者tohelpyoufindthebesttripforyou.Forplanningyourtripquestionsconcernsortomakeyourreservationspleaseemailorcallthetollfreenumberbelow.SincethesetripsarelimitedwehighlyrecommendyoumakeyourreservationsmonthsinadvancE.Totalktoalivepersoncallustollfree18002226966or7026556060IfyouhaveanyquestionsregardingatrippleaseCLICK_HEREtofilloutourform.Thiswillspeeduptheprocessofgettingyouaccurateinformationregardingyourtrip.Ifyouwouldliketosendusanemailotherthanaboutanupcomingtripyoucancontactusatinfo@raftingthegrandcanyon.com.Welookforwardtohelpingyouplanyourtrip!PleaseNOTravelAgents12.Ifyoudon'twanttotakeanalldistancetripyoucanstartat______.A.DiamondCreekB.LeesFerryC.PhantomRanchD.PierceFerry13.OnthetripontheGrandCanyonyouarenotrecommendedtoenjoy______.A.oarraftrowingB.travelingonfootC.animalridingD.swimmingentertainment14.PeopleusuallyhaveatriptotheGrandCanyoninthemonthsexcept_______.A.JunE.B.February.C.October.D.September.15.RaftingtheGrandCanyondoesn'tsuggestthereadercontacttheminthewayof______.A.callingatitinpersonB.fillingaformC.sendinganemailD.makingacall
Galaxysawamanandawomanwhocommunicatedwiththesignlanguageatthetrainstationwhenshewasonthewayhomeoneevening.Shenoticedthatthewomanaskedthemanforthedirection.Hetoldherthathedidnotknow.Galaxydecidedtohelpthem.Shehadlearnedthesignlanguagewhensheservedasavolunteerinthedeafandmute聋哑school.Thensheshowedthewomanthedirectionandleftheremailaddresstothemincasetheyneededherhelplater.Shereceivedanemailfromthatmanthenextday.KazrimwashisnamE.Galaxyrepliedhismailsincerely.Theybothstartedchattingonlinesoonafterandbeganseeingeachother.Althoughtheyonlycommunicatedwiththesignlanguageitneverbotheredher.Galaxywasfondofhimgradually.ObviouslyKazrimwasthesametoo.HepresentedGalaxywithabunchofsunflowersandaskedhersincerelyAreyouwillingtobemygirlfriend?GalaxywaspleasantlysurpriseD.Sherequestedhimtogivehersometimetopersuadeherparents.Asshehadexpectedherparentswereveryangryaftertheyhadlearnedoftheirlovestory.GalaxyexplainedKazrimisanexcellentandaveryoptimisticperson.Hehasaverypositiveattitudetowardslifeandwork.Hecaresforothersalways.Heis100％betterthanthenormal.Moreoverthemuteisstillahuman.HeshouldpossessaperfectandwonderfullovE.Herparentsaskedtoseehimthen.TheveryworriedGalaxytookKazrimhomeafewdayslater.WhentheywereonthetrainKazrimtoldher‘‘I’mgoingtotellyourparentsI’llbelookingafteryouwellwithallmylife!GalaxywasdeeplymoveD.AssoonastheyhadenteredthehouseGalaxyintroducedhimtoherparents.Shesaid‘‘ThisisKazrim.JustrightafterherspeechanunbelievablethinghappeneD.Kazrimthrewthegiftawayandheldherinhisarmstightly.HesaidYOUCANTALK?ItwasthesamequestionthatGalaxywantedtoasktoo.Thefourpeoplewereshockedallofasudden.AsamatteroffactKazrimalwaysbelievedthatGalaxywasamuteandhestillfellinlovewithherdeeply.1.HowdidGalaxyandKazrimgettoknoweachother?A.TheymeteachotherbychancE.B.Theywereintroducedtoeachother.C.Theyoncestudiedatthesameuniversity.D.Theybothservedinaspecialneedsschool.2.HowdidGalaxyprobablycommunicatewithKazrimbeforeshetookhimhome?A.Writingwordsonpaper.B.UsingthesignlanguagE.C.Judgingfromhisexpression.D.SpeakinghernativelanguagE.3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwoyoungpeoplefromthepassage?A.Theyfellinloveatthefirstsight.B.TheycheatedeachothertowinlovE.C.Theymistookeachotherforbeingmutes.D.TheyignoredtheangerofGalaxy’sparents.
Anewstudysayselectronictoysarenothelpingbabieslearn.Evenifcompaniesaremarketingthemaseducationalthey'renotteachingthebabiesanythingatthistimesaidAnnaSosathestudy'sauthor.Researcherslistenedtoaudio声音的recordingsofparentsplayingwiththeirbabiesaged10monthsto16months.Theresearcherscomparedtheexperienceswhenthechildrenplayedwithelectronictoystraditionaltoyssuchasblocksorwhenthechildrenlookedatbooks.Whattheyfoundisthatparentstalkedlesswiththeirbabieswhenthebabiesplayedwithelectronictoys.Whyisthisimportant?Researchshowsthathowquicklychildrendeveloplanguageisoftenbasedonwhattheyhearfromparents.Whentheinfantsplayedwithelectronictoysparentssaidlittletotheirchildren.ButwithtraditionaltoyssuchasblocksparentssharedthenamesanddescriptionsoftheanimalscolorsandshapesastheirchildrenplayeD.Therewasevenmoreinformationgivenbyparentsastheirbabieslookedatthepicturesinbooks.Ofcoursethereisnoneedforparentstothrowoutelectronictoysbuttheyshouldlookattheirinfants’playwithsuchtoysasentertainmentnotalearningexperiencE.ToyIndustryAssociationspokeswomanAdrienneAppellrespondedtothestudy.Shesaiditisimportantthatparentsmaketimetoplaywiththeirchildren.Playingisawaythatkidscanlearnsomuchnotonlycognitive认知的skillsbutsocialanddevelopmentalskillsshesaiD.Sheaddedthatplayshouldbebalancedincludingtimeforjustmakebelieveactivitiesaswellastraditionalandelectronictoys.32.What’sAnnaSosa’sattitudetowardscompaniesclaimingthattheirtoysareeducational?A.supportiveB.doubtfulC.uninterestedD.indifferent33.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatbabiesintheresearch__________.A.interactlesswiththeirparentswhenplayingwithelectronictoysB.likedtraditionaltoysbetterthanelectronictoysC.talkedlittlewiththeirparentswhenplayingwithelectronictoysD.listenedtoaudiorecordingsoftheirparents34.Childrendeveloplanguagemorequicklywhentheirparents__________.A.buythemalotoftoysB.teachthemhowtospeakC.readthempicturebooksoftenD.throwawaytheirelectronictoys35.AccordingtoAdrienneAppellplaying__________.A.can’ttaketheplaceoflearningB.shouldn’ttakemostofchildren’stimeC.can’tdevelopchildren’scognitiveskillsD.isgoodtochildren’soveralldevelopment
LifeisgoodforpenguinsinAntarctica南极洲attheendofthemovieHappyFeet.Real-lifepenguinsthoughhavelittletocelebratE.Twelveoftheworld’s19penguinspecies种类faceseriousdangersaccordingtowildlifeexperts.Theyareindangerofdisappearingfromtheearthincludingemperorpenguins.Manyoftheworld’spenguinspeciesareinbigtroublepenguinexpertKasselSiegeltoldWRNews.HerwildlifegroupisaskingtheUSgovernmenttoprotectthe12speciesofpenguinsindanger.SeveralcountriesaremakingeffortstomakesuretherapidlyincreasingtouristsinAntarcticadonotcauseenvironmentalproblems.Overfishingisonereasonfortheproblem.Penguinseatsmallfishandtinyanimalscalledkrill.Fishingboatsarecatchinglotsofkrill.Thatleaveslessfoodforpenguinstoeat.Anotherreasonforthedecline减少inthenumberofpenguinsisglobalwarming.GlobalwarmingistheslowincreaseinaveragetemperaturearoundtheworlD.Itiscausingseaicetomelt.Penguinsneedtheseaiceasaplacetorestwhiletheysearchforkrill.Scientistssayglobalwarmingiscausedwhenwedrivecarsoruseelectricity.Thatburnscoaloilandnaturalgas.Theburningofcoaloilandnaturalgasgivesoffgasesthataddtotheoverheatingoftheearth.Wecanandmustreducegasemissions排放tokeeppenguinssafeinthefuturesaysSiegel.6.Whatwouldprobablyhappenifpeoplereducedtheiruseofcoaloilandnaturalgas?A.PenguinswouldhavetomovetootherplacestolivE.B.Penguinswouldbelesslikelytodisappearfromtheearth.C.Therewouldbemorekrillforpenguinstoeat.D.Itwouldsavepeoplealotofmoney.7.Whichofthefollowingarethereasonsforthedeclineinthenumberofpenguins?A.Thedevelopmentoftourismandoverheating.B.Overfishingandattacksfromotheranimals.C.Overfishingandoverheating.D.Thedevelopmentoftourismandattacksfromotheranimals.8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Penguinsmainlyliveonsmallfishandtinyanimalswhichliveinwater.B.Penguinsneedtheseaiceasaplacetofeedtheirchildren.C.Nineteenoftheworld’spenguinspeciesfaceseriousdangers.D.TheUSgovernmenthastakenmeasurestoprotectthepenguinsindanger.
AudreyHepburnwonanAcademyAwardasBestActressforherfirstmajorAmericanmovieRomanHolidaywhichwasreleasedin1953.Butsheisrememberedasmuchforheraidworkasforheracting.BorninBelgiumin1929Audrey’sfatherwasBritishandhermotherwasDutch.AudreywassenttoliveataBritishschoolforpartofherchildhooD.DuringWorldWarIIshelivedandstudiedintheNetherlands.HermotherthoughtitwouldbesafefromGermanattacks.AudreystudieddanceasateenagerandduringcollegewhenshereturnedtoLondonafterthewar.Butsherealizedshewasn’tgoingtobeaballerina芭蕾舞女演员.Soshebegantakingactingpartsinstageshows.Latershebegantogetsmallpartsinmovies.ButitwasAudreyHepburn’smovetoAmericathatbroughthertruefamE.In1951sheplayedthecharacterGigiintheBroadwayplayofthesamenametogreatcriticalpraisE.TwoyearslaterRomanHolidaymadeherastarattheageof24.Audreymademorethan25movies.AmonghermostpopularroleswasHollyGolightlyinBreakfastatTifany’sin1961.ThreeyearslatersheplayedElizaDoolittleinMyFairLady.ShewasmarriedtwotimesandhadonesonbyeachhusbanD.In1989theUNChildren’sFundnamedAudreyagoodwillambassador.ShetravelledallovertheworldinsupportofUNICEF联合国儿童基金会projects.TheUNagencysaidshewasatirelessworker.Sheoftengave15interviewsadaytogainmoneyandsupportforUNICEFprojects.AudreyHepburnoftensaidherloyaltytoUNICEFwastheresultofherexperiencesasachildduringWorldWarII.ShesaidsheknewwhatitwasliketobestarvingandtobesavedbyinternationalaiD.Shewasagoodwillambassadoruntilherdeathin1993fromcoloncancer.28.InParagraph1heraidworkmeans___________.A.winninganAcademyAwardasBestActressB.takingactingpartsinstageshowsC.makingherownmoviesD.actingasagoodwillambassadorforUNICEF29.ThereasonwhyAudreylivedandstudiedintheNetherlandswasthat__________.A.shewantedtobeaballerinaC.itwassafethereB.herparentswerefromBritainD.theeducationtherewasexcellent30.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat___________.A.Audrey’sparentslivedinGermanyduringWorldWarIIB.AudreylivedinAmericainthe1950sC.AudreywasmadetogiveupdancingD.thecharacterGigiintheBroadwayplaywashermostpopularrole31._______istherightorderforAudrey’slifE.①Thefirsttimeshebegantoplayinmovies.②ShereturnedtoLondonfromtheNetherlands.③ShewonanAcademyAwardasBestActress.④ShetravelledallovertheworldinsupportofUNlCEFprojects.⑤SheplayedapartinMyFairLady.A.②①③⑤④B.①②③⑤④C.②①⑤③④D.①②⑤③④
For40yearspeopleinLondonhavebeenhappytoseeparakeets马尾鹦鹉intheirparks.TheshockinggreenbodyandlongtailhavebroughtabrightcolortotheparkswhichhaveattractedalotofpeoplE.HowevertheparakeetsarenolongerwelcomE.Theywillpushoutlocalbirdsfromtreestobuildtheirownnestsandwillalsotakemostofthefoodintheparkssuchasseedsfruitandnuts.Sometimesbyaccidentplantsandanimalsarecarriedtonewplaces.Theyaretransportedbytrainsshipsorevenplanes.Oftenanimalslikefishesgettransportedinthewatercontainersofships.WhentheseshipsreachnewplacesandpumpoutthewaterfromtheirtankstheseanimalswillstartanewlifeinanewplacE.Sometimespeopletakeplantsandanimalsfromonepartoftheworldtotheothertosolveaproblem.Butitwillcreateabiggerproblem.Yearsagothesugarcane甘蔗farmersofnorthernAustraliabroughtthetoads蟾蜍fromSouthAmericatotheirfarms.Theythoughttheywouldkillthebeetles甲虫thatharmthesugarcanecrops.ButthetoadhasdonemuchmorE.ItisnowkillingAustralia’snativeanimalssuchassnakeswaterbirdsandsoon.32.Peoplegetinterestedinparakeetsmainlybecauseof____.A.theirappearanceB.theirsingingC.theirbehaviorD.theirlivingenvironment33.Howdotheparakeetsaffectthelocalbirds?A.Theysometimeskillthelocalbirds.B.Theydestroytreeswhichthelocalbirdslivein.C.Theytakethelocalbirds’nestsandfooD.D.Theyhaveattractedmuchofpeople’sattention.34.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlytalkingabout?A.Howanimalsandplantscometonewlands.B.Howanewanimalaffectsthelocalanimals.C.WhysomeplantsareintroducedtoanewplacE.D.Theroleofshipsintransportinganimalsandplants.35.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetoads?A.Theydidn’tkillthebeetlesatall.B.TheywerebroughttoAustraliabyaccident.C.Theyhaveruinedthesugarcanecrops.D.TheyhavecreatedalargerprobleminAustraliA.
DrivinginCanadaissimilartodrivinginmanypartsoftheUnitedStates.DistancesandspeedshoweverarepostedinkilometersperhourandsomesignsparticularlyinQuebecmayonlybeinFrench.Unlessotherwisepostedthemaximum最大限度的speedlimitinCanadais50km/hrincitiesand80km/hronhighways.Onruralhighwaysthepostedspeedlimitmaybe100km/hr.Itisnotallowedtotakeautomobileradardetectors汽车雷达检测器intoQuebecOntarioManitobaandtheYukon.Seatbeltuseisrequiredbylawforallpassengersandchildcarseatsmustbeusedbychildrenunder40pounds.Someprovincesrequiredriverstokeeptheirvehicles’headlightsonduringthedayandsomehavebanned禁止drivingwhileusingahand-heldcellphonE.Motorcyclescannotsharealane车道andsafetyhelmetsformotorcycleridersandpassengersarenecessary.RunningaredlightisaseriouscrimethroughoutCanadaanddriversareadvisedtostopbeforestartingwhenalightturnsgreen.Wintertravelcanbedangerousduetoheavysnowfallsandicyconditions.Someroadsandbridgesareoftenclosedinwinter.Snowtiresarerequiredinsomeprovinces.Travelersshouldalsobecarefulaboutanimalswhiledrivingatnightinruralareas.Highway401fromDetroittoMontrealisoneofthebusiesthighwaysinNorthAmericA.IthasbeenthesceneofmanytrafficaccidentsduetosuddenandsevereweatherchangeshighratesofspeedandheavytrucktraffiC.ThusdriversshouldbealertwhiletravellingherE.PleaserefertoourRoadSafetypageformoreinformationandtips.AlsowesuggestthatyouvisitthewebsiteofCanada’snationalauthorityresponsibleforroadsafety.28.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.AllsignsontheroadsinQuebecareinEnglish.B.AutomobileradardetectorsareallowedtobeusedinManitobA.C.PassengersmaychoosenottowearseatbeltswhileinacarinCanadA.D.ThespeedofcarsinCanadiancitiesshouldbelessthan50km/hr.29.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedthathaveledtodeadlyaccidentsonHighway401?A.BadweatherB.DrunkdrivingC.HighspeedD.Heavytraffic30.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.DifferenttrafficrulesinCanada.B.TipsfortravelingbycarinCanada.C.SpecialrulesfordrivinginCanada.D.TrafficsafetyandroadconditionsinCanada.31.Thispassageismainlywrittenforthe_________.A.driversinCanadaB.DriversinAmericaC.TrafficpoliceinCanadaD.TrafficpoliceinAmerica
Morethan10yearsagoitwasdifficulttobuyatastypineapplE.ThefruitsthatmadeittotheUKweregreenontheoutsideandmoreoftenthannothardwithanunpleasanttastewithin.Thenin1996theDelMonteGoldpineappleproducedinHawaiifirsthitourshelves.Thenewtypeofpineapplelookedmoreyellowy-goldthangreen.ItwasslightlysofterontheoutsideandhadalotofjuiceinsidE.Butthemostimportantthingaboutthisnewtypeofpineapplewasthatitwastwiceassweetasthehit-and-misspineappleswehadknown.InnotimetheDelMonteGoldtookthemarketbystormrapidlybecomingtheworld'sbest-sellingpineapplevarietyanddeliveringnaturallevelsofsweetnessinthemouthupuntilthenonlyfoundintinnedpineapplE.Innutritionitwasallgoodnewstoo.Thisnice-tastingpineapplecontainedfourtimesmorevitaminC.thantheoldgreenvariety.Nutritionistssaidthatitwasnotonlyfullofvitaminsbutalsogoodagainstsomediseases.Peoplewereunderstandablyeagertobeabletobuythiswonderfulfruit.ThenewtypeofpineapplewassellingfastandtheDelMonteGoldpineapplerapidlybecameafixtureintheshoppingbasketofthehealthyeater.SeeingthegrowingmarketforitswinningpineappleDelMontetriedtokeepthemarkettoitself.Butotherfruitcompaniesdevelopedsimilarpineapples.DelMonteturnedtolawforhelpbutfaileD.ThosecompaniesarguedsuccessfullythatDelMonte'sattemptstokeepthegoldenpineappleforitselfwerejustawaytoknockthemoutofthemarket.28.Welearnfromthetextthatthenewtypeofpineappleis__________________.A.greenoutsideandsweetinsideB.good-lookingoutsideandsoftinsideC.yellowy-goldoutsideandhardinsideD.alittlesoftoutsideandsweetinside29.Whywasthenewtypeofpineapplesellingwell?A.Itwasrichinnutritionandtastednice.B.Itwaslesssweetandgoodforhealth.C.ItwasdevelopedbyDelMonte.D.Itwasusedasmedicine.30.TheunderlinedwordfixtureinParagraph3probablyreferstosomething__________________.A.thatpeopleenjoyeatingB.thatisalwayspresentC.thatisdifficulttogetD.thatpeopleuseasagift31.WelearnfromthelastparagraphthatDelMonte__________________.A.allowedothercompaniestodeveloppineapplesB.succeededinkeepingthepineappleforitselfC.triedhardtocontrolthepineapplemarketD.plannedtohelptheothercompanies
Ifyouthinkahigh-factorsunscreen防晒霜keepsyousafefromharmfulraysyoumaybewrong.Researchinthisweek’sNatureshowsthatwhilefactor50reducesthenumberofmelanomas黒瘤anddelaystheiroccurrenceitcan’tpreventthem.Melanomasarethemostaggressiveskincancers.YouhaveahigherriskifyouhaveredorblondhairfairskinblueorgreeneyesorsunburneasilyorifacloserelativehashadonE.Melanomasaremorecommonifyouhaveperiodicintenseexposuretothesun.Otherskincancersareincreasinglylikelywithlong-termexposurE.Thereiscontinuingdebateastohoweffectivesunscreenisinreducingmelanomas---theevidenceisweakerthanitisforpreventingothertypesofskincancer.A.2011Australianstudyof1621peoplefoundthatpeoplerandomlyselectedtoapplysunscreendailyhadhalftherateofmelanomasofpeoplewhousedcreamasneedeD.A.secondstudycomparing1167peoplewithmelanomasto1101whodidn'thavethecancerfoundthatusingsunscreenroutinelyalongsideotherprotectionsuchashatslongsleevesorstayingintheshadedidgivesomeprotection.Thisstudysaidotherformsofsunprotection---notsunscreen---seemedmostbeneficial.Thestudyreliedonpeoplerememberingwhattheyhaddoneovereachdecadeoftheirlivessoit'snotentirelyreliablE.Butitseemsreasonabletothinksunscreengivespeopleafalsesenseofsecurityinthesun.Manypeoplealsodon'tusesunscreenproperly---applyinginsufficientamountsfailingtoreapplyafteracoupleofhoursandstayinginthesuntoolong.Itissunburnthatismostworrying---recentresearchshowsfiveepisodesofsunburnintheteenageyearsincreasestheriskofallskincancers.ThegoodnewsisthatacombinationofsunscreenandcoveringupcanreducemelanomaratesasshownbyAustralianfiguresfromtheirslip-slop-slapcampaign.Soifthereisaheatwavethissummeritwouldbebestforustootosliponashirtslopon抹上sunscreenandslaponahat.32.WhatdoestheresearchinNaturesayaboutahigh-factorsunscreenA.Itisineffectiveinpreventingmelanomas.B.Itisineffectiveincaseofintensesunlight.C.Itisineffectivewithlong-termexposurE.D.Itisineffectiveforpeoplewithfairskin.33.Whatdowelearnfromthe2011Australianstudyof1621peopleA.Sunscreenshouldbeappliedalongsideotherprotectionmeasures.B.High-riskpeoplebenefitthemostfromtheapplicationofsunscreen.C.IrregularapplicationofsunscreendoeswomenmoreharmthangooD.D.Dailyapplicationofsunscreenhelpsreducetheincidenceofmelanomas.34.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthesecondAustralianstudyA.Itmisleadspeopletorelyonsunscreenforprotection.B.Ithelpspeopletoselectthemosteffectivesunscreen.C.Itisnotbasedondirectobservationofthesubjects.D.ItconfirmstheresultsofthefirstAustralianstudy.35.WhatdoestheauthorsuggesttoreducemelanomaratesA.Usingbothcoveringupandsunscreen.B.StayingintheshadewheneverpossiblE.C.Usingcoveringupinsteadofsunscreen.D.Applyingtherightamountofsunscreen.
Doeshappinesshaveascent?Whensomeoneishappycanyousmellit?Youcanusuallytellwhensomeoneishappybasedonseeingthemsmilehearingthemlaughorperhapsfromreceivingabighug.Butcanyoualsosmelltheirhappiness?SurprisingnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessdoesindeedhaveascentandthattheexperienceofhappinesscanbetransmittedthroughsmellreportsPhys.org.Forthestudy12youngmenwereshownvideosmeanttobringaboutavarietyofemotionswhileresearchersgatheredsweatsamplesfromthem.AllofthemenwerehealthyandnoneofthemweredrugusersorsmokersandallwereaskedtoabstainfromdrinkingoreatingsmellyfoodsduringthestudyperioD.Thosesweatsampleswerethengivento36equallyhealthyyoungwomentosmellwhileresearchersmonitoredtheirreactions.Onlywomenwereselectedtosmellthesamplesapparentlybecausepreviousresearchhasshownthatwomenhaveabettersenseofsmellthanmenandarealsomoresensitivetoemotionalsignaling—thoughit’sunclearwhyonlymenwerechosentoproducethescents.Researchersfoundthatthebehaviorofthewomenaftersmellingthescents—particularlytheirfacialexpressions—indicatedarelationshipbetweentheemotionalstatesofthemenwhoproducedthesweatandthewomenwhosniffedthem.Humansweatproducedwhenapersonishappybringsaboutastatesimilartohappinessinsomebodywhobreathesthissmellsaidstudyco-authorGunSeminaprofessoratKocUniversityinTurkey.Thisisafascinatingfindingbecauseitnotonlymeansthathappinessdoeshaveascentbutthatthescentiscapableoftransmittingtheemotiontoothers.Thestudyalsofoundthatotheremotionssuchasfearseemtocarryascenttoo.Thisensurespreviousresearchsuggestingthatsomenegativeemotionshaveasmellbutitisthefirsttimethishasprovedtobetrueofpositivefeelings.ResearchershaveyettoisolateexactlywhatthechemicalcompoundforthehappinesssmellisbutyoumightimaginewhatthepotentialapplicationsforsuchafindingcouldbE.HappinessperfumesforinstancecouldbeinventeD.Scenttherapies香味疗法couldalsobedevelopedtohelppeoplethroughdepressionoranxiety.Perhapsthemostsurprisingresultofthestudyhoweverisourbroadenedunderstandingofhowemotionsgetcommunicatedandalsohowourownemotionsarepotentiallymanagedthroughoursocialcontextandtheemotionalstatesofthosearoundus.28.Whatisthemainfindingofthenewresearch?A.Menproducemoresweats.B.Negativeemotionshaveasmell.C.Pleasantfeelingscanbesmeltout.D.Womenhaveabettersenseofsmell.29.TheunderlinedpartabstainfrominParagraph3probablymeans_________.A.avoidB.practiceC.continueD.try30.Whatistheapplicationvalueofthenewresearch?A.Perfumescouldhelppeopleunderstandeachother.B.SomesmellscouldbedevelopedtobetterourmooD.C.Perfumescouldbeproducedtocurephysicaldiseases.D.SomesmellscouldbecreatedtoimproveourappearancE.31.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat___________.A.happinesscomesfromascentofsweatB.positiveemotionscandeepenunderstandingC.peopleneedmoreemotionalcommunicationD.socialsurroundingscaninfluenceouremotions
Youeitherhaveitoryoudon’t—asenseofdirectionthatis.ButwhyisitthatsomepeoplecouldfindtheirwayacrosstheSaharawithoutamapwhileotherscanlosethemselvesinthenextstreet?Scientistssaywe’reallbornwithasenseofdirectionbutitisnotproperlyunderstoodhowitworks.Onetheoryisthatpeoplewithagoodsenseofdirectionhavesimplyworkedharderatdevelopingit.ResearchbeingcarriedoutatLiverpoolUniversitysupportsthisideaandsuggeststhatifwedon’tuseitweloseit.ChildrenasyoungassevenhavetheabilitytofindtheirwayaroundsaysJimMartlandResearchDirectoroftheproject.Howeveriftheyarenotallowedoutaloneoraretakeneverywherebycartheyneverdeveloptheskills.JimMartlandalsoemphasizesthatyoungpeopleshou1dbetaughtcertainskillstoimprovetheirsenseofdirection.Hemakesthefollowingsuggestions:•Ifyouareusingamapturnitsoitrelatestothewayyouarefacing.•IfyouleaveyourbikeinastrangeplaceputitnearsomethinglikeabigstoneoratreE.NotelandmarksontherouteasyougoawayfromyourbikE.WhenyoureturngobackalongthesameroutE.•Simplifythewayoffindingyourdirectionbyusinglinessuchasstreetsinatownstreamsorwallsinthecountrysidetoguideyou.CountyourstepssothatyouknowhowfaryouhavegoneandnoteanylandmarkssuchastowerblocksorhillswhichcanhelptofindoutwhereyouarE.Nowyouneednevergetlostagain!32.Scientistsbelievethat____.A.somebabiesarebornwithasenseofdirectionB.peoplelearnasenseofdirectionastheygrowolderC.peopleneverlosetheirsenseofdirectionD.everybodypossessesasenseofdirectionfrombirth33.Whatistrueofseven-year-oldchildrenaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyneverhaveasenseofdirectionwithoutmaps.B.Theyshouldneverbeallowedoutaloneiftheylackasenseofdirection.C.TheyhaveasenseofdirectionandcanfindtheirwayarounD.D.Theycandevelopagoodsenseofdirectioniftheyaredrivenaroundinacar.34.Ifyouleaveyourbikeinastrangeplaceyoushould____.A.tieittoatreesoastopreventitfrombeingstolenB.drawamapoftheroutetohelprememberwhereitisC.avoidtakingthesameroutewhenyoucomebacktoitD.remembersomethingeasilyrecognizableontheroute35.Accordingtothepassagethebestwaytofindyourwayaroundisto____.A.askpolicemenfordirectionsB.usewallsstreamandstreetstoguideyourselfC.rememberyourroutebylookingoutforstepsandstairsD.countthenumberoflandmarksthatyousee
Genetechnologyisakindofsciencefocusingontheresearchofhumangenes.Itisalsocalledbiologicalengineeringwhichisdrawingmoreandmoreattentionnow.Sometimesit’sahottopicdiscussedbypeoplE.ThegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoistocureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsatpresentcanalmostdonothingwithsuchascancerandheartdiseasE.Everyyearmillionsofpeoplearemurderedbythesetwokillers.Andtodatedoctorshavenotfoundaneffectivewaytocurethem.Butifthegenetechnologyisappliednotonlycanthesetwodiseasesbecuredcompletelybutalsothegreatamountofmoneypeoplespendoncuringtheirdiseasescanbesavedthereforeitbenefitstheeconomyaswell.InadditionhumanlifespanbanbeprolongeD.Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthtomorehealthyandcleverchildren.SomefamilieswiththeEnglishroyalfamilybeingagoodexamplehavehereditary遗传的diseases.Thismeanstheirchildrenwillforsurehavethefamilydiseasewhichisagreattroubleforthesefamilies.Inthepastdoctorscoulddonothingabouthereditarydiseases.Butgenetechnologycansolvethisproblemperfectly.Scientistsjustneedtofindthewronggeneandcorrectitandahealthychildwillbeborn.Somepeopleareworryingthatthegeneresearchcanbeusedtoproducehumanbeingsinlargequantities.InthepastfewyearsscientistshavesucceededincloningasheepthereforethesepeoplepredictthathumanbabieswouldsoonbecloneD.ButIbelievedclonedbabieswillnotcomeoutinlargequantitiesformostcouplesintheworldcanhavetheirbabiesinverynormalway.Ofcoursethegovernmentsmusttakecaretocontrolgenetechnology.8.Whatdoesthesetwokillersinthesecondparagraphreferto?A.Hereditarydiseasesandcancer.B.Thetwomurdererswhokilledtheclonedbaby.C.ThetwodiseasesofcancerandheartdiseasE.D.Genetechnologyandanothertreatmentofthetwodiseases.9.What’sthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A.Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthtoababy.B.Genetechnologycanbeusedtoclonehumanbabies.C.Genetechnologycanbeusedtotreathereditarydiseases.D.GenetechnologycansolvealltheproblemsoftheEnglishroyalfamily.10.Inwhatwaycangenetechnologyhelptotreathereditarydiseases?A.UsinggenetechnologyhumanbabiescanbecloneD.B.Usinggenetechnologyscientistsfindthewronggeneandcorrectit.C.Genetechnologyhelpspeoplewithhereditarydiseasestolivelonger.D.Doctorscancurecancerandheartdiseasewiththehelpoftechnology.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Expressingthewriter’sideathatgenetechnologywillbenefitpeoplE.B.Tellingpeopletheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofgenetechnology.C.TellingthereadersthatgenetechnologywillnotbenefitpeoplE.D.Explainingthatgenetechnologywillalsodoharmtothehumanity.
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