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Adaptation of Living Things Certain animals and plants develop cha...
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卫生类《阅读理解》真题及答案
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ?????{{B}}ProlongingHumanLife{{/B}}? ?Prolonginghumanlifehasincreasedthesizeofthehumanpopulation.Many peoplealivetodaywouldhavediedofchildhooddiseasesiftheyhadbeenborn 100yearsagoBecausemorepeoplelivelongertherearemorepeoplearoundat anygiventime.Infactitisadecreaseindeathratesnotanin-creasein birthratesthathas1edtothepopulationexplosion.??Prolonging humanlifehasalsoincreasedthedependency依赖load.Inallsocietiespeople whoaredisabledortooyoungortoooldtoworkaredependentoftherestof societytoprovideforthem.Inhuntingandgatheringculturesoldpeoplewho couldnotkeepupmightbeleftbehindtodie.Intimesoffamine饥荒infants mightbeallowedtodiebecausetheycouldnotsurviveiftheirparentsstarved 使挨饿whereasiftheparentssurvivedtheycouldhaveanotherchild.Inmost contemporarysocietiespeoplefeelamoralobligationtokeeppeoplealive whethertheycanworkornot.Wehaveagreatmanypeopletodaywholivepast theageatwhichtheywanttoworkorareabletoworkswealsohaveruleswhich requirepeopletoretireatacertainage.Unlessthesepeoplewereabletosave moneyfortheirretirementsomebodyelsemustsupportthem.IntheUnited Statesmanyretiredpeopleliveonsocialsecuritycheckswhicharesolittle thattheymustliveinnearpoverty.Olderpeoplehavemoreillnessthanyoung ormiddle-aged中年peoplesunlesstheyhavewealthorprivateorgovernment insurancetheymustoftengoonwelfare福利iftheyhaveaserious illness.??Whenolderpeoplebecomesenileortooweakandillto careforthemselvestheycreategraveproblemsfortheirfamilies.Inthepast andinsometraditionalculturestheywouldbecaredforathomeuntilthey died.Todaywithmostmembersofahouseholdworkingorinschoolthereis oftennooneathomewhocancareforasickorweakperson.Tomeetthisneed agreatmanynursinghomesandconvalescenthospitalshavebeenbuilt.Theseare oftenprofit-makingorganizationsalthoughsomearesponsoredbyreligiousand othernonprofitgroups.Whileafewoftheseinstitutionsaregoodmostofthem aresimplydumpinggroundsforthedyinginwhichcareisgivenbypoorly paidoverworkedandunderskilledpersonnel.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriter’sattitudetowardmostofthenursinghomesandconvalescenthospitals?
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有5处空白短文后有6个句子其中5个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?????????? ??????????? ????{{B}}Dungtodeath{{/B}}??Fieldsacross Europearecontaminatedwithdangerouslevelsoftheantibiotics抗生素givento farmanimals.Thedrugswhichareinmanuresprayed喷射ontofieldsas fertilizers肥料couldbegettingintoourfoodandwaterhelpingtocreatea newgenerationofantibiotic-resistantsuperbugs??Thewarning comesfromaresearcherinSwitzerlandwholookedatlevelsofthedrugsinfarm slurry.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}??Some20000tonsof antibioticsareusedintheEuropeanUnionandtheUSeachyear.Morethanhalf aregiventofarm-animalstopreventdiseaseandpromotegrowth.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}??Mostresearchersassumedthathumansbecomeinfected withtheresistantstrainsbyeatingcontaminatedmeat.Butfarmoreofthe drugsend:upinmanurethaninmeatproductssaysStephenMuelleroftheSwiss FederalInstituteforEnvironmentalScienceandTechnologyinDubendorf.{{U}} ?48?{{/U}}??Withmillionsoftonsofanimalsmanure 施肥于spreadontofieldsofcropssuchaswheatandbarleyeachyearthis pathwayseemsanequallylikelyrouteforspreadingresistancehesaid.The drugscontaminate污染thecropswhicharetheneaten.{{U}}?49 ?{{/U}}??Muellerisparticularlyconcernedaboutagroupof antibioticscalledsulphonamides.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}Hisanalysisfound thatSwissfarmmanurecontainsahighpercentageofsulphonamides;eachhectare offieldcouldbecontaminatedwithupto1kilogramofthedrugs.This concentrationishighenoughtotriggerthedevelopmentofresistanceamong bacteria.Butvetsarenottreatingtheissueseriously.??There isgrowingconcernattheextenttowhichdrugsincludingantibioticsare pollutingtheenvironment.Manydrugsgiventohumansarealsoexcreted unchangedandarenotbrokendownbyconventionalsewage用污水灌溉 treatment.??A.Theydonoteasilydegradeordissolvein water.??B.Andmanurecontainsespeciallyhighlevelsofbugs thatareresistanttoantibioticshesays.??C.Animal antibioticsisstillanareatowhichinsufficientattentionhasbeen paid.??D.Butrecentresearchhasfoundadirectlinkbetweenthe increaseduseofthesefarmyarddrugsandtheappearanceofantibiotic-resistant bugsthatinfectpeople.??E.Hisfindingsareparticularly shockingbecauseSwitzerlandisoneofthefewcountriestohavebanned antibioticsasgrowthpromotersinanimalsfeed.??F.Theycould alsobeleachingintotapwaterpumpedfromrocksbeneathfertilized fields.
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{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ??????????{{B}}Better ControlofTBSeenIfaFasterCureIsFound{{/B}}??TheWorld HealthOrganizationestimatesthataboutone-thirdofallpeopleareinfected withbacteriathatcausetuberculosis.Mosttimestheinfectionremains inactive.ButeachyearabouteightmillionpeopledevelopactivecasesofTB usuallyintheir{{U}}?51?{{/U}}.Twomillionpeopledie{{U}}?52 ?{{/U}}it.Thediseasehas{{U}}?53?{{/U}}withthespreadofAIDS anddrug-resistantformsoftuberculosis.??Currenttreatments takeatleastsixmonths.Patientshaveto{{U}}?54?{{/U}}acombination ofseveralantibioticdrugsdaily.Butmanypeoplestop?55?they feelbetter.Doingthatcan{{U}}?56?{{/U}}toaninfectionthatresists treatment.Publichealthexpertsagreethatafaster-actingcurefor tuberculosiswouldbemoreeffective.Nowastudyestimatesjusthow{{U}} ?57?{{/U}}itmightbe.AprofessorofinternationalhealthatHarvard Universityledthestudy.JoshuaSalomonsaysashortertreatmentprogramwould likelymeannotjustmorepatients{{U}}?58?{{/U}}.Itwouldalso mean{{U}}?59?{{/U}}infectiouspatientswhocanpassontheirinfection toothers.??Theresearchersdevelopedamathematicalmodelto examinetheeffectsofatwo-monthtreatmentplan.They{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}themodelwithcurrentTBconditionsinSoutheastAsia.Thescientists foundthatatwo-monthtreatmentcouldpreventabouttwentypercentofnew cases.Anditmight{{U}}?61?{{/U}}abouttwenty-fivepercentofTB deaths.Themodelshowsthatthese{{U}}?62?{{/U}}wouldtakeplace betweentwothousandtwelveandtwothousandthirty.Thatisifafastercure isdevelopedandinwideusebytwothousandtwelve.??TheWord HealthOrganization{{U}}?63?{{/U}}theDOTSprograminnineteenninety. DOTSisDirectlyObservedTreatmentShort-course.Healthworkerswatch tuberculosispatientstaketheirdailypillstomake{{U}}?64 ?{{/U}}theycontinuetreatment.??Earlierthisyearan internationalpartnershipoforganizationsannouncedaplanmexpandtheDOTS program.Theten-yearplanalsoaimstofinanceresearch{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}newTBdrugs.Thefourmostcommondrugsusednowaremorethanforty yearsold.TheGlobalAllianceforTBDrugDevelopmentsaysitslong-termgoal isatreatmentthatcouldworkinasfewasten doses.
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{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ??????????{{B}}Better ControlofTBSeenIfaFasterCureIsFound{{/B}}??TheWorld HealthOrganizationestimatesthataboutone-thirdofallpeopleareinfected withbacteriathatcausetuberculosis.Mosttimestheinfectionremains inactive.ButeachyearabouteightmillionpeopledevelopactivecasesofTB usuallyintheir{{U}}?51?{{/U}}.Twomillionpeopledie{{U}}?52 ?{{/U}}it.Thediseasehas{{U}}?53?{{/U}}withthespreadofAIDS anddrug-resistantformsoftuberculosis.??Currenttreatments takeatleastsixmonths.Patientshaveto{{U}}?54?{{/U}}acombination ofseveralantibioticdrugsdaily.Butmanypeoplestop?55?they feelbetter.Doingthatcan{{U}}?56?{{/U}}toaninfectionthatresists treatment.Publichealthexpertsagreethatafaster-actingcurefor tuberculosiswouldbemoreeffective.Nowastudyestimatesjusthow{{U}} ?57?{{/U}}itmightbe.AprofessorofinternationalhealthatHarvard Universityledthestudy.JoshuaSalomonsaysashortertreatmentprogramwould likelymeannotjustmorepatients{{U}}?58?{{/U}}.Itwouldalso mean{{U}}?59?{{/U}}infectiouspatientswhocanpassontheirinfection toothers.??Theresearchersdevelopedamathematicalmodelto examinetheeffectsofatwo-monthtreatmentplan.They{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}themodelwithcurrentTBconditionsinSoutheastAsia.Thescientists foundthatatwo-monthtreatmentcouldpreventabouttwentypercentofnew cases.Anditmight{{U}}?61?{{/U}}abouttwenty-fivepercentofTB deaths.Themodelshowsthatthese{{U}}?62?{{/U}}wouldtakeplace betweentwothousandtwelveandtwothousandthirty.Thatisifafastercure isdevelopedandinwideusebytwothousandtwelve.??TheWord HealthOrganization{{U}}?63?{{/U}}theDOTSprograminnineteenninety. DOTSisDirectlyObservedTreatmentShort-course.Healthworkerswatch tuberculosispatientstaketheirdailypillstomake{{U}}?64 ?{{/U}}theycontinuetreatment.??Earlierthisyearan internationalpartnershipoforganizationsannouncedaplanmexpandtheDOTS program.Theten-yearplanalsoaimstofinanceresearch{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}newTBdrugs.Thefourmostcommondrugsusednowaremorethanforty yearsold.TheGlobalAllianceforTBDrugDevelopmentsaysitslong-termgoal isatreatmentthatcouldworkinasfewasten doses.
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{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C ??????? ??????????? ????????{{B}}AnObservationandan Explanation{{/B}}??Itisworthlookingatoneortwoaspectsofthe wayamotherbehavestowardsherbaby.Theusualfondlingcuddlingandcleaning requirelittlecommentbutthepositioninwhichsheholdsthebabyagainsther bodywhenrestingisratherrevealing.Carefulstudieshaveshownthefactthat 80percentofmothersholdtheirinfantsintheirleftarmsholdingthem againsttheleftsideoftheirbodies.Ifaskedtoexplainthesignificanceof thispreferencemostpeoplereplythatitisobviouslytheresultofthe predominanceofright-handednessinthepopulation.Byholdingthebabiesin theirleftarmsthemotherskeeptheirdominantarmfreeformanipulations.But adetailedanalysisshowsthatthisisnotthecase.Truethereisaslight differencebetweenright-handedandleft-handedfemales;butnotenoughto provideadequateexplanation.Itemergesthat83percentofright-handedmothers holdthebabyontheleftsidebutsodo78percentofleft-handedmothers.In otherwordsonly22percentoftheleft-handedmothershavetheirdominant handsfreeforactions.Clearlytheremustbesomeotherlessobvious explanation.??Theonlyothercluecomesfromthefactthatthe heartisonthesideofthemother’sbody.Coulditbethatthesoundofher heartbeatisthevitalfactor?Andinwhatway?Thinkingalongtheselinesit wasarguedthatperhapsduringitsexistenceinsidethebodyofthemotherthe unbornbabygetusedtothesoundoftheheartbeat.Ifthisissothenthe re-discoveryofthisfamiliarsoundafterbirthmighthaveaclaimingeffecton theinfantespeciallyasithasjustbeenbornintoastrangeandfrighteningly newworld.Ifthisissothenthemotherwouldsomehowsoonarriveatthe discoverythatherbabyismoreatpeaceifheldontheleftagainstherheart thanontheright.Thewriter’sexplanationofthephenomenonissupportedbythefactthatbabiestendtobemorepeacefulifheldintheirmothers’leftarmsthanintherightarms.
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ?????????{{B}}?Famous AmericanFoods{{/B}}??Whatbesideschildrenconnectsmothers aroundtheworldandacrosstheseasoftime?It’schickensouponeprominent Americanfoodexpertsays.??FromRussianvillagestoAfricaand Asiachickensouphasbeentheremedyforthoseweakinbodyandspirit. MotherspassedtheirknowledgeonwancientwritersofGreeceChinaandRome andeven12thcenturyphilosopherandphysicianMosesMaimonidesextolled赞美 itsvirtues.??AmongtheancientsAristotlethoughtpoultry shouldstandinhigherestimationthanfour-leggedanimalsbecausetheairis lessdensethantheearth.Chickensgotanotherboost吹捧intheBookof GenesiswhereitiswrittenthatbirdsandfishWerecreatedonthefifthday adaybeforefour-leggedanimals.??ButaccordingtoMimi Sheratonwhohasspentmuchofthepastthreeyearsexploringtheworldof chickensoupmuchofthereasonforchicken’srealOrimaginedcurative治愈的 powerscomesfromitscolor.??HernewbookTheWholeWorldLoves ChickenSouplooksatthebelovedandmysteriousbrewwithdozensofrecipes fromaroundtheworld.ThroughouttheagesshesaidTherehasbeenalotof feelingthatwhite-coloredfoodsareeasiertoeat[ortheweak-womanandthe ill.??Inadditionsoupsoranythingforthatmattereaten withaspoonareconsideredcomfortfoodsSheratonsaid.Ilovesoupand lovemakingsoupandas!WascollectingrecipesIbegantoseethisasan internationaldish.Ithasauniversalmystiqueassomethingcurativea strengthbuilderSheratonsaidfromherNewYorkhome.??Her booktreatstheoldestremedyasifitWasbrandnew.??The NationalBroilerCouncilthetradegrouprepresentingthechickenindustry reportedthat51percentofthepeopleitsurveyedsaidtheyboughtchicken becauseitwashealthier50percentsaiditwasversatile41percentsaidit waseconomicaland46percentsaiditwaslowin fat.Sinceancienttimesthevalueofchickensoup
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ??????????{{B}}Better ControlofTBSeenIfaFasterCureIsFound{{/B}}??TheWorld HealthOrganizationestimatesthataboutone-thirdofallpeopleareinfected withbacteriathatcausetuberculosis.Mosttimestheinfectionremains inactive.ButeachyearabouteightmillionpeopledevelopactivecasesofTB usuallyintheir{{U}}?51?{{/U}}.Twomillionpeopledie{{U}}?52 ?{{/U}}it.Thediseasehas{{U}}?53?{{/U}}withthespreadofAIDS anddrug-resistantformsoftuberculosis.??Currenttreatments takeatleastsixmonths.Patientshaveto{{U}}?54?{{/U}}acombination ofseveralantibioticdrugsdaily.Butmanypeoplestop?55?they feelbetter.Doingthatcan{{U}}?56?{{/U}}toaninfectionthatresists treatment.Publichealthexpertsagreethatafaster-actingcurefor tuberculosiswouldbemoreeffective.Nowastudyestimatesjusthow{{U}} ?57?{{/U}}itmightbe.AprofessorofinternationalhealthatHarvard Universityledthestudy.JoshuaSalomonsaysashortertreatmentprogramwould likelymeannotjustmorepatients{{U}}?58?{{/U}}.Itwouldalso mean{{U}}?59?{{/U}}infectiouspatientswhocanpassontheirinfection toothers.??Theresearchersdevelopedamathematicalmodelto examinetheeffectsofatwo-monthtreatmentplan.They{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}themodelwithcurrentTBconditionsinSoutheastAsia.Thescientists foundthatatwo-monthtreatmentcouldpreventabouttwentypercentofnew cases.Anditmight{{U}}?61?{{/U}}abouttwenty-fivepercentofTB deaths.Themodelshowsthatthese{{U}}?62?{{/U}}wouldtakeplace betweentwothousandtwelveandtwothousandthirty.Thatisifafastercure isdevelopedandinwideusebytwothousandtwelve.??TheWord HealthOrganization{{U}}?63?{{/U}}theDOTSprograminnineteenninety. DOTSisDirectlyObservedTreatmentShort-course.Healthworkerswatch tuberculosispatientstaketheirdailypillstomake{{U}}?64 ?{{/U}}theycontinuetreatment.??Earlierthisyearan internationalpartnershipoforganizationsannouncedaplanmexpandtheDOTS program.Theten-yearplanalsoaimstofinanceresearch{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}newTBdrugs.Thefourmostcommondrugsusednowaremorethanforty yearsold.TheGlobalAllianceforTBDrugDevelopmentsaysitslong-termgoal isatreatmentthatcouldworkinasfewasten doses.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ?????{{B}}ProlongingHumanLife{{/B}}? ?Prolonginghumanlifehasincreasedthesizeofthehumanpopulation.Many peoplealivetodaywouldhavediedofchildhooddiseasesiftheyhadbeenborn 100yearsagoBecausemorepeoplelivelongertherearemorepeoplearoundat anygiventime.Infactitisadecreaseindeathratesnotanin-creasein birthratesthathas1edtothepopulationexplosion.??Prolonging humanlifehasalsoincreasedthedependency依赖load.Inallsocietiespeople whoaredisabledortooyoungortoooldtoworkaredependentoftherestof societytoprovideforthem.Inhuntingandgatheringculturesoldpeoplewho couldnotkeepupmightbeleftbehindtodie.Intimesoffamine饥荒infants mightbeallowedtodiebecausetheycouldnotsurviveiftheirparentsstarved 使挨饿whereasiftheparentssurvivedtheycouldhaveanotherchild.Inmost contemporarysocietiespeoplefeelamoralobligationtokeeppeoplealive whethertheycanworkornot.Wehaveagreatmanypeopletodaywholivepast theageatwhichtheywanttoworkorareabletoworkswealsohaveruleswhich requirepeopletoretireatacertainage.Unlessthesepeoplewereabletosave moneyfortheirretirementsomebodyelsemustsupportthem.IntheUnited Statesmanyretiredpeopleliveonsocialsecuritycheckswhicharesolittle thattheymustliveinnearpoverty.Olderpeoplehavemoreillnessthanyoung ormiddle-aged中年peoplesunlesstheyhavewealthorprivateorgovernment insurancetheymustoftengoonwelfare福利iftheyhaveaserious illness.??Whenolderpeoplebecomesenileortooweakandillto careforthemselvestheycreategraveproblemsfortheirfamilies.Inthepast andinsometraditionalculturestheywouldbecaredforathomeuntilthey died.Todaywithmostmembersofahouseholdworkingorinschoolthereis oftennooneathomewhocancareforasickorweakperson.Tomeetthisneed agreatmanynursinghomesandconvalescenthospitalshavebeenbuilt.Theseare oftenprofit-makingorganizationsalthoughsomearesponsoredbyreligiousand othernonprofitgroups.Whileafewoftheseinstitutionsaregoodmostofthem aresimplydumpinggroundsforthedyinginwhichcareisgivenbypoorly paidoverworkedandunderskilledpersonnel.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutretiredpeopleintheUnitedStatesistrue
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ?????????{{B}}?Famous AmericanFoods{{/B}}??Whatbesideschildrenconnectsmothers aroundtheworldandacrosstheseasoftime?It’schickensouponeprominent Americanfoodexpertsays.??FromRussianvillagestoAfricaand Asiachickensouphasbeentheremedyforthoseweakinbodyandspirit. MotherspassedtheirknowledgeonwancientwritersofGreeceChinaandRome andeven12thcenturyphilosopherandphysicianMosesMaimonidesextolled赞美 itsvirtues.??AmongtheancientsAristotlethoughtpoultry shouldstandinhigherestimationthanfour-leggedanimalsbecausetheairis lessdensethantheearth.Chickensgotanotherboost吹捧intheBookof GenesiswhereitiswrittenthatbirdsandfishWerecreatedonthefifthday adaybeforefour-leggedanimals.??ButaccordingtoMimi Sheratonwhohasspentmuchofthepastthreeyearsexploringtheworldof chickensoupmuchofthereasonforchicken’srealOrimaginedcurative治愈的 powerscomesfromitscolor.??HernewbookTheWholeWorldLoves ChickenSouplooksatthebelovedandmysteriousbrewwithdozensofrecipes fromaroundtheworld.ThroughouttheagesshesaidTherehasbeenalotof feelingthatwhite-coloredfoodsareeasiertoeat[ortheweak-womanandthe ill.??Inadditionsoupsoranythingforthatmattereaten withaspoonareconsideredcomfortfoodsSheratonsaid.Ilovesoupand lovemakingsoupandas!WascollectingrecipesIbegantoseethisasan internationaldish.Ithasauniversalmystiqueassomethingcurativea strengthbuilderSheratonsaidfromherNewYorkhome.??Her booktreatstheoldestremedyasifitWasbrandnew.??The NationalBroilerCouncilthetradegrouprepresentingthechickenindustry reportedthat51percentofthepeopleitsurveyedsaidtheyboughtchicken becauseitwashealthier50percentsaiditwasversatile41percentsaidit waseconomicaland46percentsaiditwaslowin fat.AccordingtoSheratonchickensouphascurativepowersmainlyfor
Firsteditionsofcertainpopularbookscannotbeobtained{{U}}forloveormoney{{/U}}.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个最佳标题2第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项 ?????????? ??????????? ???{{B}}MuseumsintheModernWorld{{/B}}1.Museumshave changed.Theyarenolongerplacesfortheprivilegedfeworforbored vacationerstovisitonrainydays.Actionanddemocracyarewordsusedin descriptionsofmuseumsnow.2.AtasciencemuseuminOntarioCanadayou canfeelyourhairstandonendasharmlesselectricitypassesthroughyour body.AttheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCityyoucanlookat17th centuryinstrumentswhilelisteningtotheirmusic.AttheModemMuseumin SwedenyoucanputoncostumesprovidedbytheStockholmOpera.Asthese examplesshowmuseumsarereachingouttonewaudiencesparticularlythe youngthepoorandthelesseducatedmembers’ofthepopulation.Asaresult attendanceisincreasing.3.Moreandmoremuseumsdirectorsarerealizing thatpeoplelearnbestwhentheycansomehowbecomepartofwhattheyare seeing.Inmanysciencemuseumsforexampletherearenoguidedtours.The visitorisencouragedtotouchlistenoperateandexperimentsoasto discoverscientificprinciplesforhimself.Hecanhavetheexperienceof operatingaspaceshiporacomputer.Hecanexperimentwithglassblowingand papermaking.Thepurposeisnotonlytoprovidefunbutalsotohelppeople feelathomeintheworldy[science.Thetheoryisthatpeoplewhodonot understandsciencewillprobablyfearitandthosewhofearsciencewillnot useittobestadvantage.Manymuseumsnowprovideeducationalservicesand children’sdepartments.Inadditiontotheusualdisplaystheyalsoofferfilm showingsanddanceprograms.Insteadofbeingplacesthatoneshouldvisit theyareplacestoenjoy.4.Onecauseofallthesechangesistheincrease inwealthandleisuretime.Anothercauseistherisingpercentageofyoung peopleinthepopulation.Manyoftheseyoungpeoplearecollegestudentsor collegegraduates.Theyarebettereducatedthantheirparents.Theyseethings inanewanddifferentway.Theyarenotcontenttostandandlookatworksof art;theywantarttheycanparticipatein.Thesameistrueofscienceand history.IntheUScertaingroupswhoformerlyweretoopoortocareabout anythingbeyondthebasicneedsofdailylifearenowbecomingcuriousaboutthe worldaroundthem.Theyoungpeopleinthesegroupslikeyoungpeoplein generalhavebenefitedfromabettereducationthantheirparentsreceived.All thesegroupsandtherestofthepopulationaswellhavebeeninfluencedby televisionwhichhastaughtthemaboutotherplacesandothertimes.5.The effectofallthishasbeentochangeexistingmuseumsandtoencouragethe buildingofnewones.IntheUSandCanadaalonetherearenowmorethan6000 museumsalmosttwiceasmanyastherewere25yearsago.Abouthalfofthemare devotedtohistoryandtherestareevenlydividedbetweentheartsand sciences.ThenumberofvisitorsaccordingtotheAmericanAssociationof museumshasrisentomorethan700millionayear.6.Infactthecrowdsof visitorsatsomemuseumsarecreatingamajorproblem.Admissiontomuseumshas alwaysbeeneitherfreeorveryinexpensivebutnowsomemuseumsarecharging entrancefeesforthefirsttimeorraisingtheirprices.Evenwhenraised howeverentrancefeesaregenerallytoolowtosupportamuseumwithits usuallylargebuildinganditshighlytrainedstaff.Paragraph5______
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ????{{B}}Migrantworkers{{/B}}??Inthepast twentyyearstherehasbeenanincreasingtendencyforworkerstomovefromone countrytoanother.{{U}}?51?{{/U}}somenewlyindependentcountries haveunderstandablyrestrictedmostjobstolocalpeopleothershaveattracted andwelcomedmigrantworkers.ThisisparticularlythecaseintheMiddle East{{U}}?52?{{/U}}increasedoilincomeshaveenabledmanycountries to{{U}}?53?{{/U}}outsiderstoimprovelocalfacilities.{{U}}?54 ?{{/U}}theMiddleEasthasattractedoil-workersfromtheU.s.A.and Europe.Ithasbroughtinconstructionworkersandtechniciansfrommany countries{{U}}?55?{{/U}}SouthKoreaandJapan.??In viewofthedifficultlivingandworkingconditionsintheMiddleEastitis not{{U}}?56?{{/U}}thatthepayishightoattractsuitableworkers. Manyengineersandtechnicianscanearnatleast{{U}}?57?{{/U}}money intheMiddleEastastheycanintheirowncountryandthisisamajor attraction.Analliedbenefitisthelowtaxationorcompletelackofit.This increasesthenetamountofpayreceivedbyvisitingworkersandisverypopular withthem.??Sometimesadisadvantagehasacompensating advantage.{{U}}?58?{{/U}}thedifficultlivingconditionsoftenlead toincreasedfriendshipwhenworkershavetodependoneachother{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}safetyandcomfort.{{U}}?60?{{/U}}manymigrantworkerscan savelargesumsofmoneypartly{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thelackof entertainmentfacilities.Theworkisoftencomplexandfullofproblemsbut thismerelypresentsgreaterchallengetoengineerswhoprefertofind solutions{{U}}?62?{{/U}}problemsratherthandoroutineworkintheir homecountry.??Onemajorproblemwhich{{U}}?63 ?{{/U}}migrantworkersintheMiddleEastisthattheirjobsaretemporary ones.Theyarenearlyalwaysoncontractsoitisnoteasyforthemtoplan aheadwithgreatconfidence.Thisistobeexpectedsincenocountrywelcomesa largenumberofforeignworkersaspermanentresidents.{{U}}?64 ?{{/U}}migrantworkersacceptthisdisadvantagealongwithothersbecause ofthe{{U}}?65?{{/U}}financialbenefitswhichthey receive.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C ??????? ??????????? ????????{{B}}AnObservationandan Explanation{{/B}}??Itisworthlookingatoneortwoaspectsofthe wayamotherbehavestowardsherbaby.Theusualfondlingcuddlingandcleaning requirelittlecommentbutthepositioninwhichsheholdsthebabyagainsther bodywhenrestingisratherrevealing.Carefulstudieshaveshownthefactthat 80percentofmothersholdtheirinfantsintheirleftarmsholdingthem againsttheleftsideoftheirbodies.Ifaskedtoexplainthesignificanceof thispreferencemostpeoplereplythatitisobviouslytheresultofthe predominanceofright-handednessinthepopulation.Byholdingthebabiesin theirleftarmsthemotherskeeptheirdominantarmfreeformanipulations.But adetailedanalysisshowsthatthisisnotthecase.Truethereisaslight differencebetweenright-handedandleft-handedfemales;butnotenoughto provideadequateexplanation.Itemergesthat83percentofright-handedmothers holdthebabyontheleftsidebutsodo78percentofleft-handedmothers.In otherwordsonly22percentoftheleft-handedmothershavetheirdominant handsfreeforactions.Clearlytheremustbesomeotherlessobvious explanation.??Theonlyothercluecomesfromthefactthatthe heartisonthesideofthemother’sbody.Coulditbethatthesoundofher heartbeatisthevitalfactor?Andinwhatway?Thinkingalongtheselinesit wasarguedthatperhapsduringitsexistenceinsidethebodyofthemotherthe unbornbabygetusedtothesoundoftheheartbeat.Ifthisissothenthe re-discoveryofthisfamiliarsoundafterbirthmighthaveaclaimingeffecton theinfantespeciallyasithasjustbeenbornintoastrangeandfrighteningly newworld.Ifthisissothenthemotherwouldsomehowsoonarriveatthe discoverythatherbabyismoreatpeaceifheldontheleftagainstherheart thanontheright.Thefactthattheheartisontheleftsideofthemother’sbodyprovidesthemostconvincingexplanationofall.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个最佳标题2第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项 ?????????? ??????????? ???{{B}}MuseumsintheModernWorld{{/B}}1.Museumshave changed.Theyarenolongerplacesfortheprivilegedfeworforbored vacationerstovisitonrainydays.Actionanddemocracyarewordsusedin descriptionsofmuseumsnow.2.AtasciencemuseuminOntarioCanadayou canfeelyourhairstandonendasharmlesselectricitypassesthroughyour body.AttheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCityyoucanlookat17th centuryinstrumentswhilelisteningtotheirmusic.AttheModemMuseumin SwedenyoucanputoncostumesprovidedbytheStockholmOpera.Asthese examplesshowmuseumsarereachingouttonewaudiencesparticularlythe youngthepoorandthelesseducatedmembers’ofthepopulation.Asaresult attendanceisincreasing.3.Moreandmoremuseumsdirectorsarerealizing thatpeoplelearnbestwhentheycansomehowbecomepartofwhattheyare seeing.Inmanysciencemuseumsforexampletherearenoguidedtours.The visitorisencouragedtotouchlistenoperateandexperimentsoasto discoverscientificprinciplesforhimself.Hecanhavetheexperienceof operatingaspaceshiporacomputer.Hecanexperimentwithglassblowingand papermaking.Thepurposeisnotonlytoprovidefunbutalsotohelppeople feelathomeintheworldy[science.Thetheoryisthatpeoplewhodonot understandsciencewillprobablyfearitandthosewhofearsciencewillnot useittobestadvantage.Manymuseumsnowprovideeducationalservicesand children’sdepartments.Inadditiontotheusualdisplaystheyalsoofferfilm showingsanddanceprograms.Insteadofbeingplacesthatoneshouldvisit theyareplacestoenjoy.4.Onecauseofallthesechangesistheincrease inwealthandleisuretime.Anothercauseistherisingpercentageofyoung peopleinthepopulation.Manyoftheseyoungpeoplearecollegestudentsor collegegraduates.Theyarebettereducatedthantheirparents.Theyseethings inanewanddifferentway.Theyarenotcontenttostandandlookatworksof art;theywantarttheycanparticipatein.Thesameistrueofscienceand history.IntheUScertaingroupswhoformerlyweretoopoortocareabout anythingbeyondthebasicneedsofdailylifearenowbecomingcuriousaboutthe worldaroundthem.Theyoungpeopleinthesegroupslikeyoungpeoplein generalhavebenefitedfromabettereducationthantheirparentsreceived.All thesegroupsandtherestofthepopulationaswellhavebeeninfluencedby televisionwhichhastaughtthemaboutotherplacesandothertimes.5.The effectofallthishasbeentochangeexistingmuseumsandtoencouragethe buildingofnewones.IntheUSandCanadaalonetherearenowmorethan6000 museumsalmosttwiceasmanyastherewere25yearsago.Abouthalfofthemare devotedtohistoryandtherestareevenlydividedbetweentheartsand sciences.ThenumberofvisitorsaccordingtotheAmericanAssociationof museumshasrisentomorethan700millionayear.6.Infactthecrowdsof visitorsatsomemuseumsarecreatingamajorproblem.Admissiontomuseumshas alwaysbeeneitherfreeorveryinexpensivebutnowsomemuseumsarecharging entrancefeesforthefirsttimeorraisingtheirprices.Evenwhenraised howeverentrancefeesaregenerallytoolowtosupportamuseumwithits usuallylargebuildinganditshighlytrainedstaff.Paragraph3______
Youhavetofollowtheguidewhose{{U}}sole{{/U}}interestistocoverallspotsaccordingtohisstrictschedule.
{{*HTML*}}??下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题请根据短文内容为每题确定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ???{{B}}HighStressMayDamageMemory{{/B}}?? AccordingtoareportissuedinMay1998elderlypeoplewhohaveconsistently highbloodlevelsofcortisoldon’tscoreaswellonmemorytestsastheirpeers withlowerlevelsofthestresshormone.What’smorehighlevelsofcortisol arealsoassociatedwithshrinkingofthehippocampusaregionofthebrain thatplaysakeyroleinlearningandmemory.??Thefindings suggestthatevencortisollevelsinthenormalhealthyrangecanactually acceleratebrainaging.??Thestudyresultsnowprovide substantialevidencethatlong-termexposuretoadrenalstresshormonesmay promotehippocampalaginginnormalelderlyhumanswriteNadaPorterand PhilipLand-fieldoftheUniversityofKentuckyinLexingtonintheir editorial.Cortisolisahormonereleasedinresponsetostressbytheadrenal glandswhichsitontopofthekidneys.??Overa5to6-year periodDr.SoniaLupienandhiscolleaguesmeasured24-hourcortisollevelsin 51healthyvolunteersmostofwhomwereintheir70s.??Despite widevariationincortisollevelstheparticipantscouldbedividedintothree subgroupsthosewhosecortisolprogressivelyincreasedovertimeandwas currentlyhighincreasing/high;thosewhosecortisolprogressivelyincreased overtimeandwascurrentlymoderateincreasing/moderate;andsubjectswhose cortisoldecreasedbutwascurrentlymoderatedecreasing/moderate.? ??Theresearcherstestedthevolunteers’memoryonsixpeopleinthe increasing/highcategoryandfivepeopleinthedecreasing/moderategroup.The groupsdidnotdifferontestsofimmediatememorybuttheincreasing/high cortisolgrouphadothermemoryproblemscomparedwiththoseinthe decreasing/moderategroup.??Theresearchersalsofoundthatthe totalvolumeofthehippocampusinthoseintheincreasing/highgroupwas14% lowerthanthoseinthedecreasing/moderategroupalthoughtherewereno differencesinotherbrainregions.??Theresultssuggestthat ...brainagingcanbeacceleratedbylevelsofadrenalhormonesthatarenot generallyregardedaspathologicalandthatvariationwithinthisnormalrange isrelatedtovariationintherateofbrainaging’writePorterandLandfield. Thisfurthersuggeststhatchronicstressmayacceleratetheworseningof hippocampus.’Itappearsthatwhenthetotalvolumeofthehippocampusbecomessmallerasaresultofhighbloodlevelsofcortisolotherbrainregions
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ??????????{{B}}Better ControlofTBSeenIfaFasterCureIsFound{{/B}}??TheWorld HealthOrganizationestimatesthataboutone-thirdofallpeopleareinfected withbacteriathatcausetuberculosis.Mosttimestheinfectionremains inactive.ButeachyearabouteightmillionpeopledevelopactivecasesofTB usuallyintheir{{U}}?51?{{/U}}.Twomillionpeopledie{{U}}?52 ?{{/U}}it.Thediseasehas{{U}}?53?{{/U}}withthespreadofAIDS anddrug-resistantformsoftuberculosis.??Currenttreatments takeatleastsixmonths.Patientshaveto{{U}}?54?{{/U}}acombination ofseveralantibioticdrugsdaily.Butmanypeoplestop?55?they feelbetter.Doingthatcan{{U}}?56?{{/U}}toaninfectionthatresists treatment.Publichealthexpertsagreethatafaster-actingcurefor tuberculosiswouldbemoreeffective.Nowastudyestimatesjusthow{{U}} ?57?{{/U}}itmightbe.AprofessorofinternationalhealthatHarvard Universityledthestudy.JoshuaSalomonsaysashortertreatmentprogramwould likelymeannotjustmorepatients{{U}}?58?{{/U}}.Itwouldalso mean{{U}}?59?{{/U}}infectiouspatientswhocanpassontheirinfection toothers.??Theresearchersdevelopedamathematicalmodelto examinetheeffectsofatwo-monthtreatmentplan.They{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}themodelwithcurrentTBconditionsinSoutheastAsia.Thescientists foundthatatwo-monthtreatmentcouldpreventabouttwentypercentofnew cases.Anditmight{{U}}?61?{{/U}}abouttwenty-fivepercentofTB deaths.Themodelshowsthatthese{{U}}?62?{{/U}}wouldtakeplace betweentwothousandtwelveandtwothousandthirty.Thatisifafastercure isdevelopedandinwideusebytwothousandtwelve.??TheWord HealthOrganization{{U}}?63?{{/U}}theDOTSprograminnineteenninety. DOTSisDirectlyObservedTreatmentShort-course.Healthworkerswatch tuberculosispatientstaketheirdailypillstomake{{U}}?64 ?{{/U}}theycontinuetreatment.??Earlierthisyearan internationalpartnershipoforganizationsannouncedaplanmexpandtheDOTS program.Theten-yearplanalsoaimstofinanceresearch{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}newTBdrugs.Thefourmostcommondrugsusednowaremorethanforty yearsold.TheGlobalAllianceforTBDrugDevelopmentsaysitslong-termgoal isatreatmentthatcouldworkinasfewasten doses.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C ??????? ??????????? ????????{{B}}AnObservationandan Explanation{{/B}}??Itisworthlookingatoneortwoaspectsofthe wayamotherbehavestowardsherbaby.Theusualfondlingcuddlingandcleaning requirelittlecommentbutthepositioninwhichsheholdsthebabyagainsther bodywhenrestingisratherrevealing.Carefulstudieshaveshownthefactthat 80percentofmothersholdtheirinfantsintheirleftarmsholdingthem againsttheleftsideoftheirbodies.Ifaskedtoexplainthesignificanceof thispreferencemostpeoplereplythatitisobviouslytheresultofthe predominanceofright-handednessinthepopulation.Byholdingthebabiesin theirleftarmsthemotherskeeptheirdominantarmfreeformanipulations.But adetailedanalysisshowsthatthisisnotthecase.Truethereisaslight differencebetweenright-handedandleft-handedfemales;butnotenoughto provideadequateexplanation.Itemergesthat83percentofright-handedmothers holdthebabyontheleftsidebutsodo78percentofleft-handedmothers.In otherwordsonly22percentoftheleft-handedmothershavetheirdominant handsfreeforactions.Clearlytheremustbesomeotherlessobvious explanation.??Theonlyothercluecomesfromthefactthatthe heartisonthesideofthemother’sbody.Coulditbethatthesoundofher heartbeatisthevitalfactor?Andinwhatway?Thinkingalongtheselinesit wasarguedthatperhapsduringitsexistenceinsidethebodyofthemotherthe unbornbabygetusedtothesoundoftheheartbeat.Ifthisissothenthe re-discoveryofthisfamiliarsoundafterbirthmighthaveaclaimingeffecton theinfantespeciallyasithasjustbeenbornintoastrangeandfrighteningly newworld.Ifthisissothenthemotherwouldsomehowsoonarriveatthe discoverythatherbabyismoreatpeaceifheldontheleftagainstherheart thanontheright.Mostleft-handedwomenfeelcomfortablebyholdingtheirbabiesintheirleftarmandkeeptherightarmfree.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有5处空白短文后有6个句子其中5个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?????????? ??????????? ????{{B}}Dungtodeath{{/B}}??Fieldsacross Europearecontaminatedwithdangerouslevelsoftheantibiotics抗生素givento farmanimals.Thedrugswhichareinmanuresprayed喷射ontofieldsas fertilizers肥料couldbegettingintoourfoodandwaterhelpingtocreatea newgenerationofantibiotic-resistantsuperbugs??Thewarning comesfromaresearcherinSwitzerlandwholookedatlevelsofthedrugsinfarm slurry.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}??Some20000tonsof antibioticsareusedintheEuropeanUnionandtheUSeachyear.Morethanhalf aregiventofarm-animalstopreventdiseaseandpromotegrowth.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}??Mostresearchersassumedthathumansbecomeinfected withtheresistantstrainsbyeatingcontaminatedmeat.Butfarmoreofthe drugsend:upinmanurethaninmeatproductssaysStephenMuelleroftheSwiss FederalInstituteforEnvironmentalScienceandTechnologyinDubendorf.{{U}} ?48?{{/U}}??Withmillionsoftonsofanimalsmanure 施肥于spreadontofieldsofcropssuchaswheatandbarleyeachyearthis pathwayseemsanequallylikelyrouteforspreadingresistancehesaid.The drugscontaminate污染thecropswhicharetheneaten.{{U}}?49 ?{{/U}}??Muellerisparticularlyconcernedaboutagroupof antibioticscalledsulphonamides.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}Hisanalysisfound thatSwissfarmmanurecontainsahighpercentageofsulphonamides;eachhectare offieldcouldbecontaminatedwithupto1kilogramofthedrugs.This concentrationishighenoughtotriggerthedevelopmentofresistanceamong bacteria.Butvetsarenottreatingtheissueseriously.??There isgrowingconcernattheextenttowhichdrugsincludingantibioticsare pollutingtheenvironment.Manydrugsgiventohumansarealsoexcreted unchangedandarenotbrokendownbyconventionalsewage用污水灌溉 treatment.??A.Theydonoteasilydegradeordissolvein water.??B.Andmanurecontainsespeciallyhighlevelsofbugs thatareresistanttoantibioticshesays.??C.Animal antibioticsisstillanareatowhichinsufficientattentionhasbeen paid.??D.Butrecentresearchhasfoundadirectlinkbetweenthe increaseduseofthesefarmyarddrugsandtheappearanceofantibiotic-resistant bugsthatinfectpeople.??E.Hisfindingsareparticularly shockingbecauseSwitzerlandisoneofthefewcountriestohavebanned antibioticsasgrowthpromotersinanimalsfeed.??F.Theycould alsobeleachingintotapwaterpumpedfromrocksbeneathfertilized fields.{{*HTML*}}
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ?????{{B}}ProlongingHumanLife{{/B}}? ?Prolonginghumanlifehasincreasedthesizeofthehumanpopulation.Many peoplealivetodaywouldhavediedofchildhooddiseasesiftheyhadbeenborn 100yearsagoBecausemorepeoplelivelongertherearemorepeoplearoundat anygiventime.Infactitisadecreaseindeathratesnotanin-creasein birthratesthathas1edtothepopulationexplosion.??Prolonging humanlifehasalsoincreasedthedependency依赖load.Inallsocietiespeople whoaredisabledortooyoungortoooldtoworkaredependentoftherestof societytoprovideforthem.Inhuntingandgatheringculturesoldpeoplewho couldnotkeepupmightbeleftbehindtodie.Intimesoffamine饥荒infants mightbeallowedtodiebecausetheycouldnotsurviveiftheirparentsstarved 使挨饿whereasiftheparentssurvivedtheycouldhaveanotherchild.Inmost contemporarysocietiespeoplefeelamoralobligationtokeeppeoplealive whethertheycanworkornot.Wehaveagreatmanypeopletodaywholivepast theageatwhichtheywanttoworkorareabletoworkswealsohaveruleswhich requirepeopletoretireatacertainage.Unlessthesepeoplewereabletosave moneyfortheirretirementsomebodyelsemustsupportthem.IntheUnited Statesmanyretiredpeopleliveonsocialsecuritycheckswhicharesolittle thattheymustliveinnearpoverty.Olderpeoplehavemoreillnessthanyoung ormiddle-aged中年peoplesunlesstheyhavewealthorprivateorgovernment insurancetheymustoftengoonwelfare福利iftheyhaveaserious illness.??Whenolderpeoplebecomesenileortooweakandillto careforthemselvestheycreategraveproblemsfortheirfamilies.Inthepast andinsometraditionalculturestheywouldbecaredforathomeuntilthey died.Todaywithmostmembersofahouseholdworkingorinschoolthereis oftennooneathomewhocancareforasickorweakperson.Tomeetthisneed agreatmanynursinghomesandconvalescenthospitalshavebeenbuilt.Theseare oftenprofit-makingorganizationsalthoughsomearesponsoredbyreligiousand othernonprofitgroups.Whileafewoftheseinstitutionsaregoodmostofthem aresimplydumpinggroundsforthedyinginwhichcareisgivenbypoorly paidoverworkedandunderskilledpersonnel.Thewriterbelievesthatthepopulationexplosionresultsfrom
Sallylikesto{{U}}tease{{/U}}herbrotherabouthisgirlfriends.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个最佳标题2第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项 ?????????? ??????????? ???{{B}}MuseumsintheModernWorld{{/B}}1.Museumshave changed.Theyarenolongerplacesfortheprivilegedfeworforbored vacationerstovisitonrainydays.Actionanddemocracyarewordsusedin descriptionsofmuseumsnow.2.AtasciencemuseuminOntarioCanadayou canfeelyourhairstandonendasharmlesselectricitypassesthroughyour body.AttheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCityyoucanlookat17th centuryinstrumentswhilelisteningtotheirmusic.AttheModemMuseumin SwedenyoucanputoncostumesprovidedbytheStockholmOpera.Asthese examplesshowmuseumsarereachingouttonewaudiencesparticularlythe youngthepoorandthelesseducatedmembers’ofthepopulation.Asaresult attendanceisincreasing.3.Moreandmoremuseumsdirectorsarerealizing thatpeoplelearnbestwhentheycansomehowbecomepartofwhattheyare seeing.Inmanysciencemuseumsforexampletherearenoguidedtours.The visitorisencouragedtotouchlistenoperateandexperimentsoasto discoverscientificprinciplesforhimself.Hecanhavetheexperienceof operatingaspaceshiporacomputer.Hecanexperimentwithglassblowingand papermaking.Thepurposeisnotonlytoprovidefunbutalsotohelppeople feelathomeintheworldy[science.Thetheoryisthatpeoplewhodonot understandsciencewillprobablyfearitandthosewhofearsciencewillnot useittobestadvantage.Manymuseumsnowprovideeducationalservicesand children’sdepartments.Inadditiontotheusualdisplaystheyalsoofferfilm showingsanddanceprograms.Insteadofbeingplacesthatoneshouldvisit theyareplacestoenjoy.4.Onecauseofallthesechangesistheincrease inwealthandleisuretime.Anothercauseistherisingpercentageofyoung peopleinthepopulation.Manyoftheseyoungpeoplearecollegestudentsor collegegraduates.Theyarebettereducatedthantheirparents.Theyseethings inanewanddifferentway.Theyarenotcontenttostandandlookatworksof art;theywantarttheycanparticipatein.Thesameistrueofscienceand history.IntheUScertaingroupswhoformerlyweretoopoortocareabout anythingbeyondthebasicneedsofdailylifearenowbecomingcuriousaboutthe worldaroundthem.Theyoungpeopleinthesegroupslikeyoungpeoplein generalhavebenefitedfromabettereducationthantheirparentsreceived.All thesegroupsandtherestofthepopulationaswellhavebeeninfluencedby televisionwhichhastaughtthemaboutotherplacesandothertimes.5.The effectofallthishasbeentochangeexistingmuseumsandtoencouragethe buildingofnewones.IntheUSandCanadaalonetherearenowmorethan6000 museumsalmosttwiceasmanyastherewere25yearsago.Abouthalfofthemare devotedtohistoryandtherestareevenlydividedbetweentheartsand sciences.ThenumberofvisitorsaccordingtotheAmericanAssociationof museumshasrisentomorethan700millionayear.6.Infactthecrowdsof visitorsatsomemuseumsarecreatingamajorproblem.Admissiontomuseumshas alwaysbeeneitherfreeorveryinexpensivebutnowsomemuseumsarecharging entrancefeesforthefirsttimeorraisingtheirprices.Evenwhenraised howeverentrancefeesaregenerallytoolowtosupportamuseumwithits usuallylargebuildinganditshighlytrainedstaff.Withthedevelopmentofsocietypeopleespeciallytheyoungpeople______
{{*HTML*}}??下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题请根据短文内容为每题确定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ???{{B}}HighStressMayDamageMemory{{/B}}?? AccordingtoareportissuedinMay1998elderlypeoplewhohaveconsistently highbloodlevelsofcortisoldon’tscoreaswellonmemorytestsastheirpeers withlowerlevelsofthestresshormone.What’smorehighlevelsofcortisol arealsoassociatedwithshrinkingofthehippocampusaregionofthebrain thatplaysakeyroleinlearningandmemory.??Thefindings suggestthatevencortisollevelsinthenormalhealthyrangecanactually acceleratebrainaging.??Thestudyresultsnowprovide substantialevidencethatlong-termexposuretoadrenalstresshormonesmay promotehippocampalaginginnormalelderlyhumanswriteNadaPorterand PhilipLand-fieldoftheUniversityofKentuckyinLexingtonintheir editorial.Cortisolisahormonereleasedinresponsetostressbytheadrenal glandswhichsitontopofthekidneys.??Overa5to6-year periodDr.SoniaLupienandhiscolleaguesmeasured24-hourcortisollevelsin 51healthyvolunteersmostofwhomwereintheir70s.??Despite widevariationincortisollevelstheparticipantscouldbedividedintothree subgroupsthosewhosecortisolprogressivelyincreasedovertimeandwas currentlyhighincreasing/high;thosewhosecortisolprogressivelyincreased overtimeandwascurrentlymoderateincreasing/moderate;andsubjectswhose cortisoldecreasedbutwascurrentlymoderatedecreasing/moderate.? ??Theresearcherstestedthevolunteers’memoryonsixpeopleinthe increasing/highcategoryandfivepeopleinthedecreasing/moderategroup.The groupsdidnotdifferontestsofimmediatememorybuttheincreasing/high cortisolgrouphadothermemoryproblemscomparedwiththoseinthe decreasing/moderategroup.??Theresearchersalsofoundthatthe totalvolumeofthehippocampusinthoseintheincreasing/highgroupwas14% lowerthanthoseinthedecreasing/moderategroupalthoughtherewereno differencesinotherbrainregions.??Theresultssuggestthat ...brainagingcanbeacceleratedbylevelsofadrenalhormonesthatarenot generallyregardedaspathologicalandthatvariationwithinthisnormalrange isrelatedtovariationintherateofbrainaging’writePorterandLandfield. Thisfurthersuggeststhatchronicstressmayacceleratetheworseningof hippocampus.’Whenthelevelsofcortisolgohigherthehippocampusinthebrainmay
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有5处空白短文后有6个句子其中5个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?????????? ??????????? ????{{B}}Dungtodeath{{/B}}??Fieldsacross Europearecontaminatedwithdangerouslevelsoftheantibiotics抗生素givento farmanimals.Thedrugswhichareinmanuresprayed喷射ontofieldsas fertilizers肥料couldbegettingintoourfoodandwaterhelpingtocreatea newgenerationofantibiotic-resistantsuperbugs??Thewarning comesfromaresearcherinSwitzerlandwholookedatlevelsofthedrugsinfarm slurry.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}??Some20000tonsof antibioticsareusedintheEuropeanUnionandtheUSeachyear.Morethanhalf aregiventofarm-animalstopreventdiseaseandpromotegrowth.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}??Mostresearchersassumedthathumansbecomeinfected withtheresistantstrainsbyeatingcontaminatedmeat.Butfarmoreofthe drugsend:upinmanurethaninmeatproductssaysStephenMuelleroftheSwiss FederalInstituteforEnvironmentalScienceandTechnologyinDubendorf.{{U}} ?48?{{/U}}??Withmillionsoftonsofanimalsmanure 施肥于spreadontofieldsofcropssuchaswheatandbarleyeachyearthis pathwayseemsanequallylikelyrouteforspreadingresistancehesaid.The drugscontaminate污染thecropswhicharetheneaten.{{U}}?49 ?{{/U}}??Muellerisparticularlyconcernedaboutagroupof antibioticscalledsulphonamides.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}Hisanalysisfound thatSwissfarmmanurecontainsahighpercentageofsulphonamides;eachhectare offieldcouldbecontaminatedwithupto1kilogramofthedrugs.This concentrationishighenoughtotriggerthedevelopmentofresistanceamong bacteria.Butvetsarenottreatingtheissueseriously.??There isgrowingconcernattheextenttowhichdrugsincludingantibioticsare pollutingtheenvironment.Manydrugsgiventohumansarealsoexcreted unchangedandarenotbrokendownbyconventionalsewage用污水灌溉 treatment.??A.Theydonoteasilydegradeordissolvein water.??B.Andmanurecontainsespeciallyhighlevelsofbugs thatareresistanttoantibioticshesays.??C.Animal antibioticsisstillanareatowhichinsufficientattentionhasbeen paid.??D.Butrecentresearchhasfoundadirectlinkbetweenthe increaseduseofthesefarmyarddrugsandtheappearanceofantibiotic-resistant bugsthatinfectpeople.??E.Hisfindingsareparticularly shockingbecauseSwitzerlandisoneofthefewcountriestohavebanned antibioticsasgrowthpromotersinanimalsfeed.??F.Theycould alsobeleachingintotapwaterpumpedfromrocksbeneathfertilized fields.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个最佳标题2第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项 ?????????? ??????????? ???{{B}}MuseumsintheModernWorld{{/B}}1.Museumshave changed.Theyarenolongerplacesfortheprivilegedfeworforbored vacationerstovisitonrainydays.Actionanddemocracyarewordsusedin descriptionsofmuseumsnow.2.AtasciencemuseuminOntarioCanadayou canfeelyourhairstandonendasharmlesselectricitypassesthroughyour body.AttheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCityyoucanlookat17th centuryinstrumentswhilelisteningtotheirmusic.AttheModemMuseumin SwedenyoucanputoncostumesprovidedbytheStockholmOpera.Asthese examplesshowmuseumsarereachingouttonewaudiencesparticularlythe youngthepoorandthelesseducatedmembers’ofthepopulation.Asaresult attendanceisincreasing.3.Moreandmoremuseumsdirectorsarerealizing thatpeoplelearnbestwhentheycansomehowbecomepartofwhattheyare seeing.Inmanysciencemuseumsforexampletherearenoguidedtours.The visitorisencouragedtotouchlistenoperateandexperimentsoasto discoverscientificprinciplesforhimself.Hecanhavetheexperienceof operatingaspaceshiporacomputer.Hecanexperimentwithglassblowingand papermaking.Thepurposeisnotonlytoprovidefunbutalsotohelppeople feelathomeintheworldy[science.Thetheoryisthatpeoplewhodonot understandsciencewillprobablyfearitandthosewhofearsciencewillnot useittobestadvantage.Manymuseumsnowprovideeducationalservicesand children’sdepartments.Inadditiontotheusualdisplaystheyalsoofferfilm showingsanddanceprograms.Insteadofbeingplacesthatoneshouldvisit theyareplacestoenjoy.4.Onecauseofallthesechangesistheincrease inwealthandleisuretime.Anothercauseistherisingpercentageofyoung peopleinthepopulation.Manyoftheseyoungpeoplearecollegestudentsor collegegraduates.Theyarebettereducatedthantheirparents.Theyseethings inanewanddifferentway.Theyarenotcontenttostandandlookatworksof art;theywantarttheycanparticipatein.Thesameistrueofscienceand history.IntheUScertaingroupswhoformerlyweretoopoortocareabout anythingbeyondthebasicneedsofdailylifearenowbecomingcuriousaboutthe worldaroundthem.Theyoungpeopleinthesegroupslikeyoungpeoplein generalhavebenefitedfromabettereducationthantheirparentsreceived.All thesegroupsandtherestofthepopulationaswellhavebeeninfluencedby televisionwhichhastaughtthemaboutotherplacesandothertimes.5.The effectofallthishasbeentochangeexistingmuseumsandtoencouragethe buildingofnewones.IntheUSandCanadaalonetherearenowmorethan6000 museumsalmosttwiceasmanyastherewere25yearsago.Abouthalfofthemare devotedtohistoryandtherestareevenlydividedbetweentheartsand sciences.ThenumberofvisitorsaccordingtotheAmericanAssociationof museumshasrisentomorethan700millionayear.6.Infactthecrowdsof visitorsatsomemuseumsarecreatingamajorproblem.Admissiontomuseumshas alwaysbeeneitherfreeorveryinexpensivebutnowsomemuseumsarecharging entrancefeesforthefirsttimeorraisingtheirprices.Evenwhenraised howeverentrancefeesaregenerallytoolowtosupportamuseumwithits usuallylargebuildinganditshighlytrainedstaff.Twomajorproblemsformuseumsarethattheyhavetoomanyvisitorsandthey______
Sulfurhas{{U}}occasionally{{/U}}beenfoundintheearthinanalmostpurestate.
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