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The police will need to keep a （wary） eye on this area of town.
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Thepolicechiefadvisedhismentokeep________andnotlos
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March14isInternationalPoliceDay.36._________Nomatt
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‘FeedMeBetter’ WhenBritishTVchefJamieOliverlaunchedhis‘FeedMeBetter’campaignin2004inschoolsintheGreenwichareaofLondonwiththeaimofimprovingthedietofBritishschoolchildrensomepeoplewereskepticalabouttheimpactitwouldhave.Oliver’shighly-publicizedtelevisioncampaigntoimproveschoollunchesledtodramaticchangesinthemealsofferedtopupilsintheGreenwichschools.InordertoachievehisaimOliverneededtoshowschoolshowtoswap交换cheapprocessedmealswhichwerehighinsaturatedfat饱和脂肪saltandsugarforhealthieroptions. NowresearchattheinstituteforSocialandEconomicResearchISERhasshownthatOliver’sexperimentdidnotonlyhelppupilseatmorehealthilyitalsoresultedinthemperformingbetteratschoolinEnglishandScienceandinhelpingschoolsreducetheirratesofabsenteeism缺勤.TheISERstudycarriedoutbyMicheleBelontandJonathanJamesshowed‘substantial’positiveeffectswiththeperformanceof11-year-oldpupilseatingOliver’smealsimprovingbyupto8%inScienceandbyasmuchas6%inEnglish.Inadditionthenumberofchildrenhavingauthorizedabsencesforsicknesssince2004showeda14%decrease. TheISERstudyanalysedtheacademictestresultsofmorethan13000childreninGreenwichbetween2002and2007toevaluatetheimpactofOliver’shealthiermealsonschoolperformance.Pupilswhosatexamsin2006-2007hadbeenonthenewdietforatleast12monthsandtheresearchersfoundthatthenumberofpupilsreachinghigherlevelsofachievementhadclearlyrisen.ThestudyalsocomparedtheresultsoftheschoolinGreenwichwiththoseofpupilsofthesameageinsevenotherLondonareaswhodidnoteatthemealscreatedbyOliver.TheresearchersweresurprisedbythespeedofimprovementsintheGreenwichpupils.TheycouldfindnootherexplanationfortheresultsexceptforthehealthierandmorenutritiousmealscreatedbyOliver. CommentingonISER’sfindingsOliversaidhefelttheresearchprovedthathewasrightinhisdecisiontoremovefattyprocessedfoodandreplaceitwithnutrient-rich营养的foodssuchascoconut椰子fishandbroccoli花椰菜.Hecommentedthat‘wecouldseethatitmadethemcalmerandthereforeabletolearn’. Thehealthierdiethashelpedschoolchildrenimproveacademically.
‘FeedMeBetter’ WhenBritishTVchefJamieOliverlaunchedhis‘FeedMeBetter’campaignin2004inschoolsintheGreenwichareaofLondonwiththeaimofimprovingthedietofBritishschoolchildrensomepeoplewereskepticalabouttheimpactitwouldhave.Oliver’shighly-publicizedtelevisioncampaigntoimproveschoollunchesledtodramaticchangesinthemealsofferedtopupilsintheGreenwichschools.InordertoachievehisaimOliverneededtoshowschoolshowtoswap交换cheapprocessedmealswhichwerehighinsaturatedfat饱和脂肪saltandsugarforhealthieroptions. NowresearchattheinstituteforSocialandEconomicResearchISERhasshownthatOliver’sexperimentdidnotonlyhelppupilseatmorehealthilyitalsoresultedinthemperformingbetteratschoolinEnglishandScienceandinhelpingschoolsreducetheirratesofabsenteeism缺勤.TheISERstudycarriedoutbyMicheleBelontandJonathanJamesshowed‘substantial’positiveeffectswiththeperformanceof11-year-oldpupilseatingOliver’smealsimprovingbyupto8%inScienceandbyasmuchas6%inEnglish.Inadditionthenumberofchildrenhavingauthorizedabsencesforsicknesssince2004showeda14%decrease. TheISERstudyanalysedtheacademictestresultsofmorethan13000childreninGreenwichbetween2002and2007toevaluatetheimpactofOliver’shealthiermealsonschoolperformance.Pupilswhosatexamsin2006-2007hadbeenonthenewdietforatleast12monthsandtheresearchersfoundthatthenumberofpupilsreachinghigherlevelsofachievementhadclearlyrisen.ThestudyalsocomparedtheresultsoftheschoolinGreenwichwiththoseofpupilsofthesameageinsevenotherLondonareaswhodidnoteatthemealscreatedbyOliver.TheresearchersweresurprisedbythespeedofimprovementsintheGreenwichpupils.TheycouldfindnootherexplanationfortheresultsexceptforthehealthierandmorenutritiousmealscreatedbyOliver. CommentingonISER’sfindingsOliversaidhefelttheresearchprovedthathewasrightinhisdecisiontoremovefattyprocessedfoodandreplaceitwithnutrient-rich营养的foodssuchascoconut椰子fishandbroccoli花椰菜.Hecommentedthat‘wecouldseethatitmadethemcalmerandthereforeabletolearn’. Thenumberofpupilswhoaskedforsickleavedecreased.
第三篇FirstSell-containedHeartImplanted Apatientonthebrinkofdeathhasreceivedtheworld’sfirstself-containedartificialheart—abattery-powereddeviceaboutthesizeofasoftballthatrunswithouttheneedforwirestubesorhosesstickingoutofthechest. TwosurgeonsfromtheUniversityofLouisvilleimplantedthetitaniumandplasticpumpduringasever-houroperationatJewishHospitalMonday.ThehospitalsaidthepatientwasawakeandresponsiveTuesdayandrestingcomfortably.Itrefusedtoreleasepersonaldetails. Thepatienthadbeenexpectedtodiewithinamonthwithouttheoperationanddoctorssaidtheyexpectedtheartificialhearttoextendtheperson’slifebyonlyamonth.Butthedeviceisconsideredamajorsteptowardimprovingthepatient’squalityoflife. ThenewpumpcalledAbioCorisalsoatechnologicalleapfromthemechanicalheartsusedinthe1980swhichwereattachedbywiresandtubestobulkymachineryoutsidethebody.ThemostfamousofthosetheJarvic-7usedairasapumpingdeviceandwasattachedtoanapparatusaboutthesizeofawashingmachine. Ithinkit’spotentiallyamajorstepforwardintheartificialheartdevelopmentsaidDr.DavidFaxonpresidentoftheAmericanheartAssociation.Howeverhesaidthedreamofanimplantablepermanentartificialheartisnotyetareality:Thisisobviouslyanexperimentaldevicewhoselong-termsuccesshastobedemonstrated. Onlyabouthalfofthe4200Americansonawaitinglistfordonorheartsreceivedthemlastyearandmostoftherestdied.SomedoctorsincludingRobertHigginschairmanofcardiologyattheMedicalCollegeofVirginiainRichmondsaidartificialheartsareunlikelytoreplacedonorhears. Adonorheartinagoodtransplantcanlast15to30yearshesaid.It’sgoingtobehardtoreplacethatwithamachine. AccordingtoDr.DavidFaxontheself-containedheartis
第一篇ANewStrategytoOvercomeBreastCancer Post-menopausal绝经后womenwhowalkforanhouradaycancuttheirchanceofbreastcancersignificantlyastudyhassuggested.Thereportwhichfollowed73000womenfor17yearsfoundwalkingforatleastsevenhoursaweekloweredtheriskofthedisease.TheAmericanCancerSocietyteamsaidthiswasthefirsttimereducedriskwasspecificallylinkedtowalking.UKexpertssaiditwasmoreevidencethatlifestyleinfluencedcancerrisk. ArecentpollforthecharityRamblersaquarterofadultswalkfornomorethananhouraweekbutbeingactiveisknowntoreducetheriskofanumberofcancers.ThisstudypublishedinCancerEpidemiologyBiomarkers&Preventionfollowed73.615womenoutof97785aged50-74whohadbeenrecruitedbytheAmericanCancerSocietybetween1992and1993soitcouldmonitortheincidenceofcancerinthegroup. Theywereaskedtocompletequestionnairesontheirhealthandonhowmuchtimetheywereactiveandparticipatinginactivitiessuchaswalkingswimmingandaerobics有氧运动andhowmuchtimetheyspentsittingwatchingtelevisionorreading.Theycompletedthesamequestionnairesattwo-yearintervalsbetween1997and2009.Ofthewomen47%saidwalkingwastheironlyrecreationalactivity.Thosewhowalkedforatleastsevenhoursperweekhada14%lowerriskofbreastcancercomparedtothosewhowalkedthreeorfewerhoursperweek. Dr.AlpaPatelaseniorepidemiologistattheAmericanCancerSocietyinAtlantaGeorgiawholedthestudysaid:Giventhatmorethan60%ofwomenreportsomedailywalkingpromotingwalkingasahealthyleisure-timeactivitycouldbeaneffectivestrategyforincreasingphysicalactivityamongstpost-menopausalwomen.Wewerepleasedtofindthatwithoutanyotherrecreationalactivityjustwalkingonehouradaywasassociatedwithalowerriskofbreastcancerinthesewomen.Morestrenuous紧张的andlongeractivitiesloweredtheriskevenmore. BaronessDelythMorganchiefexecutiveofBreastCancerCampaignsaid:Thisstudyaddsfurtherevidencethatourlifestylechoicescanplayapartininfluencingtheriskofbreastcancerandevensmallchangesincorporateintoournormalday-to-dayactivitycanmakeadifference. Sheadded:Weknowthatthebestweapontoovercomingbreastcanceristheabilitytostopitoccurringinthefirstplace.Thechallengenowishowweturnthese findingsintoactionandidentifyothersustainablelifestylechangesthatwillhelpuspreventbreastcancer. Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?
第二篇 Around45%oftheUK’scarbondioxideemissionscomefromtheenergypeopleuseevery----athomeandwhentheytravel.Inordertogeneratethatenergyfossilfuelscoaloilandgasareburntandtheseproducegreenhousegases---inparticularcarbondioxideCO2ayearanditisthesameCO2thatischangingtheclimateanddamagingtheenvironment. CO2andvariousothergaseswraptheearthinaninvisibleblankethelpingtopreventheatfromescaping.WithoutthisgreenhouseeffecttheaveragetemperatureonEarthwouldbearound-18℃comparedwiththecurrentaverageofaround+15℃.Thecompositionofthisblanketofgaseshasremainedrelativelyconstantformanythousandsofyears.Howeversincetheindustrialrevolutionbeganaround200yearsagopeoplehavebeenburningincreasingamountsoffossilfuelsthusreleasingmoreCO2andothergreenhousegasesintheprocess.Thishasincreasedtheheatingeffectoftheblankettrappingmoreofthesun’senergyinsidetheEarth’satmosphereinturntheEarth’stemperaturehasincreasedmorerapidlyinashorterpenndoftherethatithasforthousandsofyears. In2008thetotalUKCO2emissionswere533milliontones27%144milliontonnesofthoseemissionscamefromtheenergyusedtoheatlightandpowerhomes.Transportemissionscausedbypassengercarsbusesandmotorcyclesaccountedforafurther16%87milliontonnesoftheUK’sCO2emissions.ThesefiguresshowthatasignificantamountofCO2resultsfromordinarycitizens’carbonfootprintintheirdailyactivitiesandlifestyle. Theeffectsofclimatechangecanbeseenallaroundus.Weatherpatternsarececomingmoreandmorefracturedanduncertainandoverthelastcenturytrendsinwarmweatherhavebecomeincreasinglycommon.IntheUKinthelast40yearswintershavegrownwarmerwithmuchheavierrainfall.Oneoftheclearestshiftsoverthelast200yearsistowardssummersthatarehotteranddriercausingpervasivewatershortages.RecentyearshavebeenthehottestsincerecordsbeganandduringAugust2003thehottestoutdoortemperatureintheUKwasrecorded---38.5. Whatistheauthor’smainaim?
第一篇ANewStrategytoOvercomeBreastCancer Post-menopausal绝经后womenwhowalkforanhouradaycancuttheirchanceofbreastcancersignificantlyastudyhassuggested.Thereportwhichfollowed73000womenfor17yearsfoundwalkingforatleastsevenhoursaweekloweredtheriskofthedisease.TheAmericanCancerSocietyteamsaidthiswasthefirsttimereducedriskwasspecificallylinkedtowalking.UKexpertssaiditwasmoreevidencethatlifestyleinfluencedcancerrisk. ArecentpollforthecharityRamblersaquarterofadultswalkfornomorethananhouraweekbutbeingactiveisknowntoreducetheriskofanumberofcancers.ThisstudypublishedinCancerEpidemiologyBiomarkers&Preventionfollowed73.615womenoutof97785aged50-74whohadbeenrecruitedbytheAmericanCancerSocietybetween1992and1993soitcouldmonitortheincidenceofcancerinthegroup. Theywereaskedtocompletequestionnairesontheirhealthandonhowmuchtimetheywereactiveandparticipatinginactivitiessuchaswalkingswimmingandaerobics有氧运动andhowmuchtimetheyspentsittingwatchingtelevisionorreading.Theycompletedthesamequestionnairesattwo-yearintervalsbetween1997and2009.Ofthewomen47%saidwalkingwastheironlyrecreationalactivity.Thosewhowalkedforatleastsevenhoursperweekhada14%lowerriskofbreastcancercomparedtothosewhowalkedthreeorfewerhoursperweek. Dr.AlpaPatelaseniorepidemiologistattheAmericanCancerSocietyinAtlantaGeorgiawholedthestudysaid:Giventhatmorethan60%ofwomenreportsomedailywalkingpromotingwalkingasahealthyleisure-timeactivitycouldbeaneffectivestrategyforincreasingphysicalactivityamongstpost-menopausalwomen.Wewerepleasedtofindthatwithoutanyotherrecreationalactivityjustwalkingonehouradaywasassociatedwithalowerriskofbreastcancerinthesewomen.Morestrenuous紧张的andlongeractivitiesloweredtheriskevenmore. BaronessDelythMorganchiefexecutiveofBreastCancerCampaignsaid:Thisstudyaddsfurtherevidencethatourlifestylechoicescanplayapartininfluencingtheriskofbreastcancerandevensmallchangesincorporateintoournormalday-to-dayactivitycanmakeadifference. Sheadded:Weknowthatthebestweapontoovercomingbreastcanceristheabilitytostopitoccurringinthefirstplace.Thechallengenowishowweturnthese findingsintoactionandidentifyothersustainablelifestylechangesthatwillhelpuspreventbreastcancer. ItcanbeinferredfromDr.AlpaPatel’sstudythat____.
第二篇 Around45%oftheUK’scarbondioxideemissionscomefromtheenergypeopleuseevery----athomeandwhentheytravel.Inordertogeneratethatenergyfossilfuelscoaloilandgasareburntandtheseproducegreenhousegases---inparticularcarbondioxideCO2ayearanditisthesameCO2thatischangingtheclimateanddamagingtheenvironment. CO2andvariousothergaseswraptheearthinaninvisibleblankethelpingtopreventheatfromescaping.WithoutthisgreenhouseeffecttheaveragetemperatureonEarthwouldbearound-18℃comparedwiththecurrentaverageofaround+15℃.Thecompositionofthisblanketofgaseshasremainedrelativelyconstantformanythousandsofyears.Howeversincetheindustrialrevolutionbeganaround200yearsagopeoplehavebeenburningincreasingamountsoffossilfuelsthusreleasingmoreCO2andothergreenhousegasesintheprocess.Thishasincreasedtheheatingeffectoftheblankettrappingmoreofthesun’senergyinsidetheEarth’satmosphereinturntheEarth’stemperaturehasincreasedmorerapidlyinashorterpenndoftherethatithasforthousandsofyears. In2008thetotalUKCO2emissionswere533milliontones27%144milliontonnesofthoseemissionscamefromtheenergyusedtoheatlightandpowerhomes.Transportemissionscausedbypassengercarsbusesandmotorcyclesaccountedforafurther16%87milliontonnesoftheUK’sCO2emissions.ThesefiguresshowthatasignificantamountofCO2resultsfromordinarycitizens’carbonfootprintintheirdailyactivitiesandlifestyle. Theeffectsofclimatechangecanbeseenallaroundus.Weatherpatternsarececomingmoreandmorefracturedanduncertainandoverthelastcenturytrendsinwarmweatherhavebecomeincreasinglycommon.IntheUKinthelast40yearswintershavegrownwarmerwithmuchheavierrainfall.Oneoftheclearestshiftsoverthelast200yearsistowardssummersthatarehotteranddriercausingpervasivewatershortages.RecentyearshavebeenthehottestsincerecordsbeganandduringAugust2003thehottestoutdoortemperatureintheUKwasrecorded---38.5. Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?
MoreaboutAlzheimer’sDisease ScientistshavedevelopedskinteststhatmaybeusedinthefuturetoidentifypeoplewithAlzheimer’sdisease1andmayultimatelyallowphysicianstopredict________51isatriskofgettingthisneurologicaldisorder. Theonlycurrentmeansof________52thediseaseinalivingpatientisalongandexpensiveseriesofteststhateliminateeveryothercauseofdementia.痴呆 SinceAloisAlzheimerdescribedthe________53nearlyacenturyagopeoplehavebeentryingtofindawayto________54diagnoseitinitsearlystages2saidPatriciaGradyactingdirector3oftheNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStrokeinBethesdaMaryland.Thisdiscoveryif________55couldproveabigstepforwardinoureffortstodealwithandunderstandthedisease. Alzheimer’sisthesinglegreatest________56ofmentaldeteriorationinolderpeopleaffectingbetween2.5millionand4millionpeopleintheUnitedStates________57.Thedevastatingdisordergraduallydestroysmemoryandtheabilitytofunctionandeventuallycausesdeath.6Thereiscurrentlynoknown_______58forthedisease. Researches________59thattheskincellsofAlzheimer’spatientshavedefectsthatinterferewiththeirabilitytoregulatetheflowofpotassiuminandoutofthecells.Thefactthatthecelldefectsarepresentintheskinsuggeststhat7Alzheimer’s________60fromphysiologicalchangesthroughoutthebodyandthatdementiamaybethefirstnoticeableeffectofthesechangesasthedefects________61thecellsinthebrainscientistssaid. Theflowofpotassiumisespecially________62incellsresponsible________63memoryformation8.Thescientistsalsofoundtwootherdefectsthataffectthecells’supplyofcalciumanothercriticalelement. Onetestdevelopedbyresearchescallsfor9growingskincellsinalaboratorycultureandthentestingthemwithanelectricaldetectortodetermineifthemicroscopictunnelsthat________64theflowofpotassiumareopen.Openpotassiumchannelscreateauniqueelectricalsignature. AspokesmanfortheAlzheimer’sAssociationsaidthatifthevalidityofthediagnostictestcanbeprovenitwouldbeanimportant________65butcautionedthatotherpromisingtestsforAlzheimer’shavebeendisappointing.
MoreaboutAlzheimer’sDisease ScientistshavedevelopedskinteststhatmaybeusedinthefuturetoidentifypeoplewithAlzheimer’sdisease1andmayultimatelyallowphysicianstopredict________51isatriskofgettingthisneurologicaldisorder. Theonlycurrentmeansof________52thediseaseinalivingpatientisalongandexpensiveseriesofteststhateliminateeveryothercauseofdementia.痴呆 SinceAloisAlzheimerdescribedthe________53nearlyacenturyagopeoplehavebeentryingtofindawayto________54diagnoseitinitsearlystages2saidPatriciaGradyactingdirector3oftheNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStrokeinBethesdaMaryland.Thisdiscoveryif________55couldproveabigstepforwardinoureffortstodealwithandunderstandthedisease. Alzheimer’sisthesinglegreatest________56ofmentaldeteriorationinolderpeopleaffectingbetween2.5millionand4millionpeopleintheUnitedStates________57.Thedevastatingdisordergraduallydestroysmemoryandtheabilitytofunctionandeventuallycausesdeath.6Thereiscurrentlynoknown_______58forthedisease. Researches________59thattheskincellsofAlzheimer’spatientshavedefectsthatinterferewiththeirabilitytoregulatetheflowofpotassiuminandoutofthecells.Thefactthatthecelldefectsarepresentintheskinsuggeststhat7Alzheimer’s________60fromphysiologicalchangesthroughoutthebodyandthatdementiamaybethefirstnoticeableeffectofthesechangesasthedefects________61thecellsinthebrainscientistssaid. Theflowofpotassiumisespecially________62incellsresponsible________63memoryformation8.Thescientistsalsofoundtwootherdefectsthataffectthecells’supplyofcalciumanothercriticalelement. Onetestdevelopedbyresearchescallsfor9growingskincellsinalaboratorycultureandthentestingthemwithanelectricaldetectortodetermineifthemicroscopictunnelsthat________64theflowofpotassiumareopen.Openpotassiumchannelscreateauniqueelectricalsignature. AspokesmanfortheAlzheimer’sAssociationsaidthatifthevalidityofthediagnostictestcanbeprovenitwouldbeanimportant________65butcautionedthatotherpromisingtestsforAlzheimer’shavebeendisappointing.
MoreaboutAlzheimer’sDisease ScientistshavedevelopedskinteststhatmaybeusedinthefuturetoidentifypeoplewithAlzheimer’sdisease1andmayultimatelyallowphysicianstopredict________51isatriskofgettingthisneurologicaldisorder. Theonlycurrentmeansof________52thediseaseinalivingpatientisalongandexpensiveseriesofteststhateliminateeveryothercauseofdementia.痴呆 SinceAloisAlzheimerdescribedthe________53nearlyacenturyagopeoplehavebeentryingtofindawayto________54diagnoseitinitsearlystages2saidPatriciaGradyactingdirector3oftheNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStrokeinBethesdaMaryland.Thisdiscoveryif________55couldproveabigstepforwardinoureffortstodealwithandunderstandthedisease. Alzheimer’sisthesinglegreatest________56ofmentaldeteriorationinolderpeopleaffectingbetween2.5millionand4millionpeopleintheUnitedStates________57.Thedevastatingdisordergraduallydestroysmemoryandtheabilitytofunctionandeventuallycausesdeath.6Thereiscurrentlynoknown_______58forthedisease. Researches________59thattheskincellsofAlzheimer’spatientshavedefectsthatinterferewiththeirabilitytoregulatetheflowofpotassiuminandoutofthecells.Thefactthatthecelldefectsarepresentintheskinsuggeststhat7Alzheimer’s________60fromphysiologicalchangesthroughoutthebodyandthatdementiamaybethefirstnoticeableeffectofthesechangesasthedefects________61thecellsinthebrainscientistssaid. Theflowofpotassiumisespecially________62incellsresponsible________63memoryformation8.Thescientistsalsofoundtwootherdefectsthataffectthecells’supplyofcalciumanothercriticalelement. Onetestdevelopedbyresearchescallsfor9growingskincellsinalaboratorycultureandthentestingthemwithanelectricaldetectortodetermineifthemicroscopictunnelsthat________64theflowofpotassiumareopen.Openpotassiumchannelscreateauniqueelectricalsignature. AspokesmanfortheAlzheimer’sAssociationsaidthatifthevalidityofthediagnostictestcanbeprovenitwouldbeanimportant________65butcautionedthatotherpromisingtestsforAlzheimer’shavebeendisappointing.
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MoreaboutAlzheimer’sDisease ScientistshavedevelopedskinteststhatmaybeusedinthefuturetoidentifypeoplewithAlzheimer’sdisease1andmayultimatelyallowphysicianstopredict________51isatriskofgettingthisneurologicaldisorder. Theonlycurrentmeansof________52thediseaseinalivingpatientisalongandexpensiveseriesofteststhateliminateeveryothercauseofdementia.痴呆 SinceAloisAlzheimerdescribedthe________53nearlyacenturyagopeoplehavebeentryingtofindawayto________54diagnoseitinitsearlystages2saidPatriciaGradyactingdirector3oftheNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStrokeinBethesdaMaryland.Thisdiscoveryif________55couldproveabigstepforwardinoureffortstodealwithandunderstandthedisease. Alzheimer’sisthesinglegreatest________56ofmentaldeteriorationinolderpeopleaffectingbetween2.5millionand4millionpeopleintheUnitedStates________57.Thedevastatingdisordergraduallydestroysmemoryandtheabilitytofunctionandeventuallycausesdeath.6Thereiscurrentlynoknown_______58forthedisease. Researches________59thattheskincellsofAlzheimer’spatientshavedefectsthatinterferewiththeirabilitytoregulatetheflowofpotassiuminandoutofthecells.Thefactthatthecelldefectsarepresentintheskinsuggeststhat7Alzheimer’s________60fromphysiologicalchangesthroughoutthebodyandthatdementiamaybethefirstnoticeableeffectofthesechangesasthedefects________61thecellsinthebrainscientistssaid. Theflowofpotassiumisespecially________62incellsresponsible________63memoryformation8.Thescientistsalsofoundtwootherdefectsthataffectthecells’supplyofcalciumanothercriticalelement. Onetestdevelopedbyresearchescallsfor9growingskincellsinalaboratorycultureandthentestingthemwithanelectricaldetectortodetermineifthemicroscopictunnelsthat________64theflowofpotassiumareopen.Openpotassiumchannelscreateauniqueelectricalsignature. AspokesmanfortheAlzheimer’sAssociationsaidthatifthevalidityofthediagnostictestcanbeprovenitwouldbeanimportant________65butcautionedthatotherpromisingtestsforAlzheimer’shavebeendisappointing.
MoreaboutAlzheimer’sDisease ScientistshavedevelopedskinteststhatmaybeusedinthefuturetoidentifypeoplewithAlzheimer’sdisease1andmayultimatelyallowphysicianstopredict________51isatriskofgettingthisneurologicaldisorder. Theonlycurrentmeansof________52thediseaseinalivingpatientisalongandexpensiveseriesofteststhateliminateeveryothercauseofdementia.痴呆 SinceAloisAlzheimerdescribedthe________53nearlyacenturyagopeoplehavebeentryingtofindawayto________54diagnoseitinitsearlystages2saidPatriciaGradyactingdirector3oftheNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStrokeinBethesdaMaryland.Thisdiscoveryif________55couldproveabigstepforwardinoureffortstodealwithandunderstandthedisease. Alzheimer’sisthesinglegreatest________56ofmentaldeteriorationinolderpeopleaffectingbetween2.5millionand4millionpeopleintheUnitedStates________57.Thedevastatingdisordergraduallydestroysmemoryandtheabilitytofunctionandeventuallycausesdeath.6Thereiscurrentlynoknown_______58forthedisease. Researches________59thattheskincellsofAlzheimer’spatientshavedefectsthatinterferewiththeirabilitytoregulatetheflowofpotassiuminandoutofthecells.Thefactthatthecelldefectsarepresentintheskinsuggeststhat7Alzheimer’s________60fromphysiologicalchangesthroughoutthebodyandthatdementiamaybethefirstnoticeableeffectofthesechangesasthedefects________61thecellsinthebrainscientistssaid. Theflowofpotassiumisespecially________62incellsresponsible________63memoryformation8.Thescientistsalsofoundtwootherdefectsthataffectthecells’supplyofcalciumanothercriticalelement. Onetestdevelopedbyresearchescallsfor9growingskincellsinalaboratorycultureandthentestingthemwithanelectricaldetectortodetermineifthemicroscopictunnelsthat________64theflowofpotassiumareopen.Openpotassiumchannelscreateauniqueelectricalsignature. AspokesmanfortheAlzheimer’sAssociationsaidthatifthevalidityofthediagnostictestcanbeprovenitwouldbeanimportant________65butcautionedthatotherpromisingtestsforAlzheimer’shavebeendisappointing.
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Igrabbedhisarmandmadehimturntolookatme.
Aperson’swealthisoftenin{{U}}inverse{{/U}}proportiontotheirhappiness.
‘FeedMeBetter’ WhenBritishTVchefJamieOliverlaunchedhis‘FeedMeBetter’campaignin2004inschoolsintheGreenwichareaofLondonwiththeaimofimprovingthedietofBritishschoolchildrensomepeoplewereskepticalabouttheimpactitwouldhave.Oliver’shighly-publicizedtelevisioncampaigntoimproveschoollunchesledtodramaticchangesinthemealsofferedtopupilsintheGreenwichschools.InordertoachievehisaimOliverneededtoshowschoolshowtoswap交换cheapprocessedmealswhichwerehighinsaturatedfat饱和脂肪saltandsugarforhealthieroptions. NowresearchattheinstituteforSocialandEconomicResearchISERhasshownthatOliver’sexperimentdidnotonlyhelppupilseatmorehealthilyitalsoresultedinthemperformingbetteratschoolinEnglishandScienceandinhelpingschoolsreducetheirratesofabsenteeism缺勤.TheISERstudycarriedoutbyMicheleBelontandJonathanJamesshowed‘substantial’positiveeffectswiththeperformanceof11-year-oldpupilseatingOliver’smealsimprovingbyupto8%inScienceandbyasmuchas6%inEnglish.Inadditionthenumberofchildrenhavingauthorizedabsencesforsicknesssince2004showeda14%decrease. TheISERstudyanalysedtheacademictestresultsofmorethan13000childreninGreenwichbetween2002and2007toevaluatetheimpactofOliver’shealthiermealsonschoolperformance.Pupilswhosatexamsin2006-2007hadbeenonthenewdietforatleast12monthsandtheresearchersfoundthatthenumberofpupilsreachinghigherlevelsofachievementhadclearlyrisen.ThestudyalsocomparedtheresultsoftheschoolinGreenwichwiththoseofpupilsofthesameageinsevenotherLondonareaswhodidnoteatthemealscreatedbyOliver.TheresearchersweresurprisedbythespeedofimprovementsintheGreenwichpupils.TheycouldfindnootherexplanationfortheresultsexceptforthehealthierandmorenutritiousmealscreatedbyOliver. CommentingonISER’sfindingsOliversaidhefelttheresearchprovedthathewasrightinhisdecisiontoremovefattyprocessedfoodandreplaceitwithnutrient-rich营养的foodssuchascoconut椰子fishandbroccoli花椰菜.Hecommentedthat‘wecouldseethatitmadethemcalmerandthereforeabletolearn’. The‘FeedMeBetter’campaigntargetedahealthierdietatschoolchildren.
MoreaboutAlzheimer’sDisease ScientistshavedevelopedskinteststhatmaybeusedinthefuturetoidentifypeoplewithAlzheimer’sdisease1andmayultimatelyallowphysicianstopredict________51isatriskofgettingthisneurologicaldisorder. Theonlycurrentmeansof________52thediseaseinalivingpatientisalongandexpensiveseriesofteststhateliminateeveryothercauseofdementia.痴呆 SinceAloisAlzheimerdescribedthe________53nearlyacenturyagopeoplehavebeentryingtofindawayto________54diagnoseitinitsearlystages2saidPatriciaGradyactingdirector3oftheNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStrokeinBethesdaMaryland.Thisdiscoveryif________55couldproveabigstepforwardinoureffortstodealwithandunderstandthedisease. Alzheimer’sisthesinglegreatest________56ofmentaldeteriorationinolderpeopleaffectingbetween2.5millionand4millionpeopleintheUnitedStates________57.Thedevastatingdisordergraduallydestroysmemoryandtheabilitytofunctionandeventuallycausesdeath.6Thereiscurrentlynoknown_______58forthedisease. Researches________59thattheskincellsofAlzheimer’spatientshavedefectsthatinterferewiththeirabilitytoregulatetheflowofpotassiuminandoutofthecells.Thefactthatthecelldefectsarepresentintheskinsuggeststhat7Alzheimer’s________60fromphysiologicalchangesthroughoutthebodyandthatdementiamaybethefirstnoticeableeffectofthesechangesasthedefects________61thecellsinthebrainscientistssaid. Theflowofpotassiumisespecially________62incellsresponsible________63memoryformation8.Thescientistsalsofoundtwootherdefectsthataffectthecells’supplyofcalciumanothercriticalelement. Onetestdevelopedbyresearchescallsfor9growingskincellsinalaboratorycultureandthentestingthemwithanelectricaldetectortodetermineifthemicroscopictunnelsthat________64theflowofpotassiumareopen.Openpotassiumchannelscreateauniqueelectricalsignature. AspokesmanfortheAlzheimer’sAssociationsaidthatifthevalidityofthediagnostictestcanbeprovenitwouldbeanimportant________65butcautionedthatotherpromisingtestsforAlzheimer’shavebeendisappointing.
‘FeedMeBetter’ WhenBritishTVchefJamieOliverlaunchedhis‘FeedMeBetter’campaignin2004inschoolsintheGreenwichareaofLondonwiththeaimofimprovingthedietofBritishschoolchildrensomepeoplewereskepticalabouttheimpactitwouldhave.Oliver’shighly-publicizedtelevisioncampaigntoimproveschoollunchesledtodramaticchangesinthemealsofferedtopupilsintheGreenwichschools.InordertoachievehisaimOliverneededtoshowschoolshowtoswap交换cheapprocessedmealswhichwerehighinsaturatedfat饱和脂肪saltandsugarforhealthieroptions. NowresearchattheinstituteforSocialandEconomicResearchISERhasshownthatOliver’sexperimentdidnotonlyhelppupilseatmorehealthilyitalsoresultedinthemperformingbetteratschoolinEnglishandScienceandinhelpingschoolsreducetheirratesofabsenteeism缺勤.TheISERstudycarriedoutbyMicheleBelontandJonathanJamesshowed‘substantial’positiveeffectswiththeperformanceof11-year-oldpupilseatingOliver’smealsimprovingbyupto8%inScienceandbyasmuchas6%inEnglish.Inadditionthenumberofchildrenhavingauthorizedabsencesforsicknesssince2004showeda14%decrease. TheISERstudyanalysedtheacademictestresultsofmorethan13000childreninGreenwichbetween2002and2007toevaluatetheimpactofOliver’shealthiermealsonschoolperformance.Pupilswhosatexamsin2006-2007hadbeenonthenewdietforatleast12monthsandtheresearchersfoundthatthenumberofpupilsreachinghigherlevelsofachievementhadclearlyrisen.ThestudyalsocomparedtheresultsoftheschoolinGreenwichwiththoseofpupilsofthesameageinsevenotherLondonareaswhodidnoteatthemealscreatedbyOliver.TheresearchersweresurprisedbythespeedofimprovementsintheGreenwichpupils.TheycouldfindnootherexplanationfortheresultsexceptforthehealthierandmorenutritiousmealscreatedbyOliver. CommentingonISER’sfindingsOliversaidhefelttheresearchprovedthathewasrightinhisdecisiontoremovefattyprocessedfoodandreplaceitwithnutrient-rich营养的foodssuchascoconut椰子fishandbroccoli花椰菜.Hecommentedthat‘wecouldseethatitmadethemcalmerandthereforeabletolearn’. TheISERisaninstitutethatdoesresearchonpupils’performanceinsport.
MoreaboutAlzheimer’sDisease ScientistshavedevelopedskinteststhatmaybeusedinthefuturetoidentifypeoplewithAlzheimer’sdisease1andmayultimatelyallowphysicianstopredict________51isatriskofgettingthisneurologicaldisorder. Theonlycurrentmeansof________52thediseaseinalivingpatientisalongandexpensiveseriesofteststhateliminateeveryothercauseofdementia.痴呆 SinceAloisAlzheimerdescribedthe________53nearlyacenturyagopeoplehavebeentryingtofindawayto________54diagnoseitinitsearlystages2saidPatriciaGradyactingdirector3oftheNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStrokeinBethesdaMaryland.Thisdiscoveryif________55couldproveabigstepforwardinoureffortstodealwithandunderstandthedisease. Alzheimer’sisthesinglegreatest________56ofmentaldeteriorationinolderpeopleaffectingbetween2.5millionand4millionpeopleintheUnitedStates________57.Thedevastatingdisordergraduallydestroysmemoryandtheabilitytofunctionandeventuallycausesdeath.6Thereiscurrentlynoknown_______58forthedisease. Researches________59thattheskincellsofAlzheimer’spatientshavedefectsthatinterferewiththeirabilitytoregulatetheflowofpotassiuminandoutofthecells.Thefactthatthecelldefectsarepresentintheskinsuggeststhat7Alzheimer’s________60fromphysiologicalchangesthroughoutthebodyandthatdementiamaybethefirstnoticeableeffectofthesechangesasthedefects________61thecellsinthebrainscientistssaid. Theflowofpotassiumisespecially________62incellsresponsible________63memoryformation8.Thescientistsalsofoundtwootherdefectsthataffectthecells’supplyofcalciumanothercriticalelement. Onetestdevelopedbyresearchescallsfor9growingskincellsinalaboratorycultureandthentestingthemwithanelectricaldetectortodetermineifthemicroscopictunnelsthat________64theflowofpotassiumareopen.Openpotassiumchannelscreateauniqueelectricalsignature. AspokesmanfortheAlzheimer’sAssociationsaidthatifthevalidityofthediagnostictestcanbeprovenitwouldbeanimportant________65butcautionedthatotherpromisingtestsforAlzheimer’shavebeendisappointing.
第三篇FirstSell-containedHeartImplanted Apatientonthebrinkofdeathhasreceivedtheworld’sfirstself-containedartificialheart—abattery-powereddeviceaboutthesizeofasoftballthatrunswithouttheneedforwirestubesorhosesstickingoutofthechest. TwosurgeonsfromtheUniversityofLouisvilleimplantedthetitaniumandplasticpumpduringasever-houroperationatJewishHospitalMonday.ThehospitalsaidthepatientwasawakeandresponsiveTuesdayandrestingcomfortably.Itrefusedtoreleasepersonaldetails. Thepatienthadbeenexpectedtodiewithinamonthwithouttheoperationanddoctorssaidtheyexpectedtheartificialhearttoextendtheperson’slifebyonlyamonth.Butthedeviceisconsideredamajorsteptowardimprovingthepatient’squalityoflife. ThenewpumpcalledAbioCorisalsoatechnologicalleapfromthemechanicalheartsusedinthe1980swhichwereattachedbywiresandtubestobulkymachineryoutsidethebody.ThemostfamousofthosetheJarvic-7usedairasapumpingdeviceandwasattachedtoanapparatusaboutthesizeofawashingmachine. Ithinkit’spotentiallyamajorstepforwardintheartificialheartdevelopmentsaidDr.DavidFaxonpresidentoftheAmericanheartAssociation.Howeverhesaidthedreamofanimplantablepermanentartificialheartisnotyetareality:Thisisobviouslyanexperimentaldevicewhoselong-termsuccesshastobedemonstrated. Onlyabouthalfofthe4200Americansonawaitinglistfordonorheartsreceivedthemlastyearandmostoftherestdied.SomedoctorsincludingRobertHigginschairmanofcardiologyattheMedicalCollegeofVirginiainRichmondsaidartificialheartsareunlikelytoreplacedonorhears. Adonorheartinagoodtransplantcanlast15to30yearshesaid.It’sgoingtobehardtoreplacethatwithamachine. Accordingtothereportpatientwhoreceivedthefirstself-containedheart
MoreaboutAlzheimer’sDisease ScientistshavedevelopedskinteststhatmaybeusedinthefuturetoidentifypeoplewithAlzheimer’sdisease1andmayultimatelyallowphysicianstopredict________51isatriskofgettingthisneurologicaldisorder. Theonlycurrentmeansof________52thediseaseinalivingpatientisalongandexpensiveseriesofteststhateliminateeveryothercauseofdementia.痴呆 SinceAloisAlzheimerdescribedthe________53nearlyacenturyagopeoplehavebeentryingtofindawayto________54diagnoseitinitsearlystages2saidPatriciaGradyactingdirector3oftheNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStrokeinBethesdaMaryland.Thisdiscoveryif________55couldproveabigstepforwardinoureffortstodealwithandunderstandthedisease. Alzheimer’sisthesinglegreatest________56ofmentaldeteriorationinolderpeopleaffectingbetween2.5millionand4millionpeopleintheUnitedStates________57.Thedevastatingdisordergraduallydestroysmemoryandtheabilitytofunctionandeventuallycausesdeath.6Thereiscurrentlynoknown_______58forthedisease. Researches________59thattheskincellsofAlzheimer’spatientshavedefectsthatinterferewiththeirabilitytoregulatetheflowofpotassiuminandoutofthecells.Thefactthatthecelldefectsarepresentintheskinsuggeststhat7Alzheimer’s________60fromphysiologicalchangesthroughoutthebodyandthatdementiamaybethefirstnoticeableeffectofthesechangesasthedefects________61thecellsinthebrainscientistssaid. Theflowofpotassiumisespecially________62incellsresponsible________63memoryformation8.Thescientistsalsofoundtwootherdefectsthataffectthecells’supplyofcalciumanothercriticalelement. Onetestdevelopedbyresearchescallsfor9growingskincellsinalaboratorycultureandthentestingthemwithanelectricaldetectortodetermineifthemicroscopictunnelsthat________64theflowofpotassiumareopen.Openpotassiumchannelscreateauniqueelectricalsignature. AspokesmanfortheAlzheimer’sAssociationsaidthatifthevalidityofthediagnostictestcanbeprovenitwouldbeanimportant________65butcautionedthatotherpromisingtestsforAlzheimer’shavebeendisappointing.
第二篇 Around45%oftheUK’scarbondioxideemissionscomefromtheenergypeopleuseevery----athomeandwhentheytravel.Inordertogeneratethatenergyfossilfuelscoaloilandgasareburntandtheseproducegreenhousegases---inparticularcarbondioxideCO2ayearanditisthesameCO2thatischangingtheclimateanddamagingtheenvironment. CO2andvariousothergaseswraptheearthinaninvisibleblankethelpingtopreventheatfromescaping.WithoutthisgreenhouseeffecttheaveragetemperatureonEarthwouldbearound-18℃comparedwiththecurrentaverageofaround+15℃.Thecompositionofthisblanketofgaseshasremainedrelativelyconstantformanythousandsofyears.Howeversincetheindustrialrevolutionbeganaround200yearsagopeoplehavebeenburningincreasingamountsoffossilfuelsthusreleasingmoreCO2andothergreenhousegasesintheprocess.Thishasincreasedtheheatingeffectoftheblankettrappingmoreofthesun’senergyinsidetheEarth’satmosphereinturntheEarth’stemperaturehasincreasedmorerapidlyinashorterpenndoftherethatithasforthousandsofyears. In2008thetotalUKCO2emissionswere533milliontones27%144milliontonnesofthoseemissionscamefromtheenergyusedtoheatlightandpowerhomes.Transportemissionscausedbypassengercarsbusesandmotorcyclesaccountedforafurther16%87milliontonnesoftheUK’sCO2emissions.ThesefiguresshowthatasignificantamountofCO2resultsfromordinarycitizens’carbonfootprintintheirdailyactivitiesandlifestyle. Theeffectsofclimatechangecanbeseenallaroundus.Weatherpatternsarececomingmoreandmorefracturedanduncertainandoverthelastcenturytrendsinwarmweatherhavebecomeincreasinglycommon.IntheUKinthelast40yearswintershavegrownwarmerwithmuchheavierrainfall.Oneoftheclearestshiftsoverthelast200yearsistowardssummersthatarehotteranddriercausingpervasivewatershortages.RecentyearshavebeenthehottestsincerecordsbeganandduringAugust2003thehottestoutdoortemperatureintheUKwasrecorded---38.5. CO2emissionsfromvehicles
Shefeltthatshehaddonehergood{{U}}deed{{/U}}fortheday.
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