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阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?{{B}}New P...
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{{*HTML*}}阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?????????? ????{{B}}HappyBirthdaytoYou{{/B}}??The mainproblemindiscussingAmericanpopularcultureisalsooneofitsmain characteristics:itwon’tstayAmerican.Nomatterwhatitiswhetheritis filmsfoodandfashionmusiccasualsportsorslangit’ssoonathome elsewhereintheworld.ThereareseveraltheorieswhyAmericanpopularculture hashadthisappeal.??Onetheoryisthatithasbeenadvertised andmarketedthroughAmericanfilmspopularmusicandmorerecently television.{{U}}?1?{{/U}}Theyareafterallincompetitionwith thoseproducedbyothercountries.??Anothertheoryprobablya morecommononeisthatAmericanpopular’cultureisinternationallyassociated withsomethingcalledthespiritofAmerica.{{U}}?2?{{/U}}? ?Thefinaltheoryislesscomplex:Americanpopularcultureispopular becausealotofpeopleintheworldlikeit.??Regardlessofwhy itspreadsAmericanpopularcultureisusuallyquiterapidlyadoptedandthen adaptedinmanyothercountries.{{U}}?3?{{/U}}HapppyBirthdayto YouforinstanceissuchaneverydaysongthatitssourceitsAmerican copyrightsoto.speakisnotremembered.Blackleatherjacketswornbymany heroesinAmericanmoviescouldbefoundagenerationlateronallthoseyoung menwhowantedtomakethismanly-looktheirown.??Twoareas wherethiscontinuingprocessismostclearlyseenareclothingandmusic.Some peoplecanstillrememberatimewhenT-shirtsjoggingclothestennisshoes denimjacketsandbluejeanswerenotcommondailyweareverywhere.Onlytwenty yearsagoitwaspossibletospotanAmericaninPadsbyhisorherclothes.No longerso:thosebrightcolorscheckeredjacketsandtrousershatsandsocks whichwereoncemariefunofincartoonsarebackagaininPadsasthelatest fashion.{{U}}?4?{{/U}}??ThesituationwithAmerican popularmusicismorecomplexbecauseinthebeginningwhenitwasstill clearlyAmericanitwasoftenstronglyresisted.Jazzwasoncethoughttobea greatdanger??toyouthandtheirmoralsandwasactually outlawedinseveralcountries.TodaywhilestillshowingitsratherAmerican rootsithasbecomesowellestablished.Rock’n’rollandallitsvariations country&westernmusicallhavemoreorlesssimilarhistories.Theywere firstresistedofteninAmericanaswellasbeinglow-classandthenas% dangertoournation’syouth.{{U}}?5?{{/U}}Andthenthemusicbecame acceptedandwasextendedanddevelopedandexportedbacktotheUS.? ?A.AsaresultitsAmericanoriginsandrootsareoftenquickly forgotten.??B.ButthistheoryfailstoexplainwhyAmerican filmsmusicandtelevisionprogramsaresopopularinthemselves.? ?C.Americaninorigininformalclothinghasbecometheworld’sfirst trulyuniversalstyle.??D.TheBBCforexamplebannedrockand rolluntil1962.??E.Americanfoodhasbecomepopulararoundthe worldtoo.??F.Thisspiritisvariouslydescribedasbeingyoung andfreeoptimisticandconfidentinformalanddisrespectful.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ?????????? {{B}}CousteauRemembered{{/B}}??Jacques-IvesCousteandiedinParis on26June1997attheageof87.Hisinfluenceisgreat.Scientistsrespected hiscreativeengineering;engineerspraisedhisscience.Cousteanwhoclaimed tobeneitherscientistnorengineercontributedsignificantlytoboth disciplines—andtomanymore.??Throughouthisadventure-filled lifeCousteanchallengeddefinitions.YeshewasacaptainintheFrenchNavy andearlyonafilmmakerandnaturalstoryteller.Laterhebecameafamous oceanexplorerdesignerofunderwaterequipmentexpeditionleaderauthor speakerbusinessmanenvironmentalistteacherandleaderofaninfluential organizationtheCousteauSociety.??Allwhocareaboutthesea —andeventhosewhodon’tthinkmuchabouttheoceanonewayoranother—owe Cousteanatremendousdebt.Theknowledgegainedasaconsequenceofhisdirect contributionsandthestrongothershavetransformedthewaytheworldthinks aboutthesea.Hisstoriesofencounterswithsharksandotherfishinspired manytogoseethemselves.Cousteanpioneeredventuresinunderwaterlivingin the1960’s:sub-sealabswherescientistssubmergedfordaysorweeks—the underwaterlabssimilartoskylaborthespacestation.Hisfilmsandtelevision programmeswontwoAcademyRewardsthreeEmniesandtheheartsandmindsof viewersworldwidefordecades.??ShoweredwithhonoursCousteau remarkedrecentlythathethoughthismostimportantaccomplishmentwastomake peopleawareof—andcareabout—theocean.Thankstohimwegrewconcerned aboutourgrowingpopulationandtheconsequencesofoverfishingandocean pollutionthatthreatenthehealthoftheseaandwewereinspiredtodo somethingtoimprove?thewaythingsaredone.??Weshared thesadfeelingwithCousteauwhenSimonehiswifeandpartnerformanyyears diedandwhenhissonPhillippewaskilledinaplanecrash.Wesharedhisjoy whenJeanMichaelhiseldestsonbecameanexplorerandaspokesmanforthe seainhisownright.WewerehappyforCousteanwhenhebegananewfamilywith hissecondwifeFracine.Andnowthathisvoiceoftheoceanissilencedwe feelverysad.Ofallthecareershefollowedhismainconcernwasconcentratedon
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ?????????? {{B}}CousteauRemembered{{/B}}??Jacques-IvesCousteandiedinParis on26June1997attheageof87.Hisinfluenceisgreat.Scientistsrespected hiscreativeengineering;engineerspraisedhisscience.Cousteanwhoclaimed tobeneitherscientistnorengineercontributedsignificantlytoboth disciplines—andtomanymore.??Throughouthisadventure-filled lifeCousteanchallengeddefinitions.YeshewasacaptainintheFrenchNavy andearlyonafilmmakerandnaturalstoryteller.Laterhebecameafamous oceanexplorerdesignerofunderwaterequipmentexpeditionleaderauthor speakerbusinessmanenvironmentalistteacherandleaderofaninfluential organizationtheCousteauSociety.??Allwhocareaboutthesea —andeventhosewhodon’tthinkmuchabouttheoceanonewayoranother—owe Cousteanatremendousdebt.Theknowledgegainedasaconsequenceofhisdirect contributionsandthestrongothershavetransformedthewaytheworldthinks aboutthesea.Hisstoriesofencounterswithsharksandotherfishinspired manytogoseethemselves.Cousteanpioneeredventuresinunderwaterlivingin the1960’s:sub-sealabswherescientistssubmergedfordaysorweeks—the underwaterlabssimilartoskylaborthespacestation.Hisfilmsandtelevision programmeswontwoAcademyRewardsthreeEmniesandtheheartsandmindsof viewersworldwidefordecades.??ShoweredwithhonoursCousteau remarkedrecentlythathethoughthismostimportantaccomplishmentwastomake peopleawareof—andcareabout—theocean.Thankstohimwegrewconcerned aboutourgrowingpopulationandtheconsequencesofoverfishingandocean pollutionthatthreatenthehealthoftheseaandwewereinspiredtodo somethingtoimprove?thewaythingsaredone.??Weshared thesadfeelingwithCousteauwhenSimonehiswifeandpartnerformanyyears diedandwhenhissonPhillippewaskilledinaplanecrash.Wesharedhisjoy whenJeanMichaelhiseldestsonbecameanexplorerandaspokesmanforthe seainhisownright.WewerehappyforCousteanwhenhebegananewfamilywith hissecondwifeFracine.Andnowthathisvoiceoftheoceanissilencedwe feelverysad.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutCousteau’sfamilylifeisNOTtrue?
{{*HTML*}}? 下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ???????SQ3R{{/B}}??A ProvenmethodforeffectivetextbookreadingistheSQ3Rmethoddevelopedby FrancisRobinson.ThefirststepistosurveytheSstepthechapterby readingthetitleintroductionsectionheadingssummaryandbystudyingany graphstablesillustrationsorcharts.Thepurposeofthisstepistogetan overviewofthechaptersothatyouwillknowbeforeyoureadwhatitwillbe about.InthesecondsteptheQstepforeachsectionyouaskyourself questionssuchasWhatdoIalreadyknowaboutthistopic?andWhatdo1want toknow?Inthisstepyoualsotakethesectionheadingandturnitintoa question.Thisstepgivesyouapurposeforreadingthesection.Thethirdstep thefirstofthe3R’sistoreadtofindtheanswertoyourquestions.Thenat theendofeachsectionbeforegoingontothenextsectionyourecitethe secondofthe3R’stheanswerstothequestionsthatyouformedinthequestion step.Whenyoureciteyoushouldsaytheinformationyouwanttolearnoutloud inyourownwords.Thefifthstepisdoneafteryouhavecompletedstep23 and4foreachsection.Youreviewthelastofthe3R’stheentirechapter. Thereviewisdonemuchasthesurveywasinthefirststep.Asyoureviewhold amentalconversationwithyourselfasyourecitetheinformationyouselected asimportanttolearn.Thementalconversationcouldtaketheformofaskingand answeringthequestionsformedfromtheheadingsorreadingthesummarywhich liststhemainideasinthechapterandtryingtofillinthedetailsforeach mainidea.Whichofthefollowingisthefourthstep?_______
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ???????LateralThinking{{/B}}? ?Lateralthinking迂回思维firstdescribedbyEdwarddeBonoin1967is justafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.YoumightimaginethatCasparwas raisedtobeanadventurousthinkerbutdeBononamewassofamousCasper’s parentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschoolhis teachersmightsnapWheredoyougetthatideafrom???Wehad tobecarefulandnotoverdoitEdwardadmits.NowCasperisatOxford—— whichoncelookedunlikelybecauseheisalsoslightlydyslexic通读困难.Infact whenhewasapplyingtoOxfordnoneofhisschoolteachersthoughthehada chance.Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessionshisfathersaysusingmy techniquesandwhenhewentupfortheexamhedidextremelywell.Soon afterEdwarddeBonodecidedtowritehislatestbookTeachYourChildrenHow toThinkinwhichhetransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedfor brain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrento share.??Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecuted inalogicalsequenceandeverybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.So isn’titanuphillbattletryingtoteachthemtothink?YouknowEdwardde Bonosaysifyouexaminepeople’sthinkingitisquiteunusualtofindfaults oflogic.Butthefaultsofperceptionarehuge!Oftenwethinkineffectively becausewetaketoolimitedaview.??TeachYourChildHowto Thinkofferslessonsinperceptionimprovementofclearlyseeingthe implicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthe alternatives.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thatEdward______.
NativeAmericanartworkandartifactshavebeen{{U}}enthusiastically{{/U}}collectedandstudiedabroadforanumberofyears.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?????????? ????{{B}}HappyBirthdaytoYou{{/B}}??The mainproblemindiscussingAmericanpopularcultureisalsooneofitsmain characteristics:itwon’tstayAmerican.Nomatterwhatitiswhetheritis filmsfoodandfashionmusiccasualsportsorslangit’ssoonathome elsewhereintheworld.ThereareseveraltheorieswhyAmericanpopularculture hashadthisappeal.??Onetheoryisthatithasbeenadvertised andmarketedthroughAmericanfilmspopularmusicandmorerecently television.{{U}}?1?{{/U}}Theyareafterallincompetitionwith thoseproducedbyothercountries.??Anothertheoryprobablya morecommononeisthatAmericanpopular’cultureisinternationallyassociated withsomethingcalledthespiritofAmerica.{{U}}?2?{{/U}}? ?Thefinaltheoryislesscomplex:Americanpopularcultureispopular becausealotofpeopleintheworldlikeit.??Regardlessofwhy itspreadsAmericanpopularcultureisusuallyquiterapidlyadoptedandthen adaptedinmanyothercountries.{{U}}?3?{{/U}}HapppyBirthdayto YouforinstanceissuchaneverydaysongthatitssourceitsAmerican copyrightsoto.speakisnotremembered.Blackleatherjacketswornbymany heroesinAmericanmoviescouldbefoundagenerationlateronallthoseyoung menwhowantedtomakethismanly-looktheirown.??Twoareas wherethiscontinuingprocessismostclearlyseenareclothingandmusic.Some peoplecanstillrememberatimewhenT-shirtsjoggingclothestennisshoes denimjacketsandbluejeanswerenotcommondailyweareverywhere.Onlytwenty yearsagoitwaspossibletospotanAmericaninPadsbyhisorherclothes.No longerso:thosebrightcolorscheckeredjacketsandtrousershatsandsocks whichwereoncemariefunofincartoonsarebackagaininPadsasthelatest fashion.{{U}}?4?{{/U}}??ThesituationwithAmerican popularmusicismorecomplexbecauseinthebeginningwhenitwasstill clearlyAmericanitwasoftenstronglyresisted.Jazzwasoncethoughttobea greatdanger??toyouthandtheirmoralsandwasactually outlawedinseveralcountries.TodaywhilestillshowingitsratherAmerican rootsithasbecomesowellestablished.Rock’n’rollandallitsvariations country&westernmusicallhavemoreorlesssimilarhistories.Theywere firstresistedofteninAmericanaswellasbeinglow-classandthenas% dangertoournation’syouth.{{U}}?5?{{/U}}Andthenthemusicbecame acceptedandwasextendedanddevelopedandexportedbacktotheUS.? ?A.AsaresultitsAmericanoriginsandrootsareoftenquickly forgotten.??B.ButthistheoryfailstoexplainwhyAmerican filmsmusicandtelevisionprogramsaresopopularinthemselves.? ?C.Americaninorigininformalclothinghasbecometheworld’sfirst trulyuniversalstyle.??D.TheBBCforexamplebannedrockand rolluntil1962.??E.Americanfoodhasbecomepopulararoundthe worldtoo.??F.Thisspiritisvariouslydescribedasbeingyoung andfreeoptimisticandconfidentinformalanddisrespectful.{{*HTML*}}
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ?????????? {{B}}CousteauRemembered{{/B}}??Jacques-IvesCousteandiedinParis on26June1997attheageof87.Hisinfluenceisgreat.Scientistsrespected hiscreativeengineering;engineerspraisedhisscience.Cousteanwhoclaimed tobeneitherscientistnorengineercontributedsignificantlytoboth disciplines—andtomanymore.??Throughouthisadventure-filled lifeCousteanchallengeddefinitions.YeshewasacaptainintheFrenchNavy andearlyonafilmmakerandnaturalstoryteller.Laterhebecameafamous oceanexplorerdesignerofunderwaterequipmentexpeditionleaderauthor speakerbusinessmanenvironmentalistteacherandleaderofaninfluential organizationtheCousteauSociety.??Allwhocareaboutthesea —andeventhosewhodon’tthinkmuchabouttheoceanonewayoranother—owe Cousteanatremendousdebt.Theknowledgegainedasaconsequenceofhisdirect contributionsandthestrongothershavetransformedthewaytheworldthinks aboutthesea.Hisstoriesofencounterswithsharksandotherfishinspired manytogoseethemselves.Cousteanpioneeredventuresinunderwaterlivingin the1960’s:sub-sealabswherescientistssubmergedfordaysorweeks—the underwaterlabssimilartoskylaborthespacestation.Hisfilmsandtelevision programmeswontwoAcademyRewardsthreeEmniesandtheheartsandmindsof viewersworldwidefordecades.??ShoweredwithhonoursCousteau remarkedrecentlythathethoughthismostimportantaccomplishmentwastomake peopleawareof—andcareabout—theocean.Thankstohimwegrewconcerned aboutourgrowingpopulationandtheconsequencesofoverfishingandocean pollutionthatthreatenthehealthoftheseaandwewereinspiredtodo somethingtoimprove?thewaythingsaredone.??Weshared thesadfeelingwithCousteauwhenSimonehiswifeandpartnerformanyyears diedandwhenhissonPhillippewaskilledinaplanecrash.Wesharedhisjoy whenJeanMichaelhiseldestsonbecameanexplorerandaspokesmanforthe seainhisownright.WewerehappyforCousteanwhenhebegananewfamilywith hissecondwifeFracine.Andnowthathisvoiceoftheoceanissilencedwe feelverysad.AccordingtothepassageCoustean’sinfluenceisgreatbecausehe______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ?????{{B}}FermiProblem{{/B}}??Ona MondaymorninginJulytheworld’sfirstatombombexplodedintheNewMexico desert.Fortysecondslatertheshockwavesreachedthebasecampwherethe Italian-AmericanphysicistEnricoFermiandhisteamstood.Afteramental calculationFermiannouncedtohisteamthatthebomb’senergyhadequated 10000tonsofTNT.Thebombteamwasimpressedbutnotsurprised.Fermi’s geniuswasknownthroughoutthescientificworld.In1938hehadwonaNobel Prize.Fouryearslaterheproducedthefirstnuclearchainreactionleadingus intothenuclearage.SinceFermi’sdeathin1954nophysicisthasbeenatonce amasterexperimentalistandaleadingtheoretician.??Likeall virtuososFermihadadistinctivestyle.Hepreferredthemostdirectrouteto ananswer.Hewasverygoodatdividingdifficultproblemsintosmall manageablebits—talentweallcanuseinourdailylives.??To developthistalentinhisstudents.Fermiwouldsuggestatypeofquestionnow knownasaFermiproblem.Uponfirsthearingoneoftheseyouhaven’tthe remotestnotionoftheanswerandyoufeelcertainthattoolittleinformation hadbeengiventosolveit.Yetwhentheproblemisbrokenintosub-problems eachanswerablewithoutthehelpofexpertsorbooksyoucancomeclosetothe exactsolution.??SupposeyouwanttodetermineEarth’s circumferencewithoutlookingitup.EveryoneknowsthatNewYorkandLos Angelesareabout3000milesapartandthatthetimedifferencebetweenthemis threehours.Threehoursisoneeighthofadayandadayisthetimeittakes theplanettocompleteonerotationsoitscircumferencemustbeeighttimes 3000or24000miles.Thisanswerdiffersfromthetruevalue24902.45miles bylessthanfourpercent.??Ultimatelythevalueofdealingwith everydayproblemsthewayFermididliesintherewardsofmakingindependent discoveriesandinventions:Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherthediscoveryisas importantasdeterminingthepowerofanatomorassmallasmeasuringthe distancebetweenNewYorkandLosAngeles.Lookinguptheanswerorletting someoneelsefinditdeprivesyouofthepleasureandpridethataccompany creativityanddeprivesyouofanexperiencethatbuildsupself-confidence. ThusapproachingpersonaldilemmasasFermiproblemscanbecomeahabitthat enrichesyourlife.ThenthefourthparagraphtellsushowFermisolvedtheproblemofearth’scircumferencewithoutlookingup.
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{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}AdultEducation{{/B}}??1.Voluntarylearningin organizedcoursesbymaturemenandwomeniscalledadulteducation.Such educationisofferedtomakepeopleabletoenlargeandinterprettheir experienceasadults.Adultsmaywanttostudysomething*whichtheymissedin earlierschoolinggetnewskillsorjobtrainingfindoutaboutnew technologicaldevelopmentsseekbetterself-understandingordevelopnew talentsandskills.??2.Thiskindofeducationmaybeintheform ofself-studywithproperguidancethroughtheuseoflibrariescorrespondence coursesorbroadcasting.Itmayalsobeacquiredcollectivelyinschoolsand collegesstudygroupsworkshopsclubsandprofessional associations.??3.Modernadulteducationforlargenumbersof peoplestartedinthe18thand19thcenturieswiththeriseoftheIndustrial Revolution.Greateconomicandsocialchangesweretakingplace:peoplewere movingfromruralareastocitiesnewtypesofworkwerebeingcreatedinan expandingfactorysystem.Theseandotherfactorsproducedaneedforfurther educationandre-educationofadults.??4.Theearliestprograms oforganizedadulteducationaroseinGreatBritaininthe1790swiththe foundingofanadultschoolinNottinghamandamechanics’instituteinGlasgow. TheearliestadulteducationinstitutionintheUnitedStateswasfoundedby BenjaminFranklinandsomefriendsinPhiladelphiain1727.??5. Peoplerecognizethatcontinuedlearningisnecessaryformostformsof employmenttoday.Forexamplepartsoftheadultpopulationinmanycountries finditnecessarytotakepartinretrainingprogramsatworkoreventolearn completelynewjobs.Adulteducationprogramsarespringingupconstantlyto meettheseandotherneeds.Paragraph3_______
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ??????GlobalWarming{{/B}}??At theKyotoconferenceonglobalwarminginDecember1997itbecameabundantly clearhowcomplexithasbecometoworkoutinternationalagreementsrelatingto theenvironmentbecauseofeconomicconcernsuniquetoeachcountry.Itisno longerenoughtotrytoforbidcertainactivitiesortoreduceemissionsof certainsubstances.Theglobalchallengesoftheinterlinkbetweenthe environmentanddevelopmentincreasinglybringustothecoreoftheeconomic lifeofstates.Duringthelate1980swewereablethroughinternational agreementstomakedeepcutsinemissionsharmfultotheozonelayerThese reductionsweremadepossiblebecausesubstitutionshadbeenfoundformanyof theharmfulchemicalsandmoreimportantbecausetheharmfulsubstancescould bereplacedwithoutnegativeeffectsonemploymentandtheeconomiesof states.??Althoughthethreatofglobalwarminghasbeenknownto theworldfordecadesandallcountriesandleadersagreethatweneedtodeal withtheproblemwealsoknowthattheeffectsofmeasuresespeciallyharsh measurestakeninsomecountrieswouldbenullified抵消ifotherscountriesdo notcontroltheiremissions.WhereastheUNteamonclimatechangehasfound thattheemissionsofcarbondioxidewouldhavetobecutgloballyby60%to stabilizethecontentofCO2intheatmospherethispathisnot feasibleforseveralreasons.Suchdeepcutswouldcauseabreakdownofthe worldeconomy.Importantandpopulous人口众多的low—ormedium-incomecountriesare notyetwillingtoundertakelegalcommitmentsabouttheirenergyuses.In additionthestateofworldtechnologywouldnotyetpermitustomakesucha bigleap.??Wemusthoweverfindasolutiontothethreatof globalwarmingearlyinthe21stcentury.Suchacommitmentwouldrequirea degreeofsharedvisionandcommonresponsibilitiesnewtohumanity.Success liesintheforceofimaginationsinimaginingwhatwouldhappenifwefailto act.Althoughmanylivingincoldregionswouldwelcometheglobal-warming effectofawarmersummerfewwouldcheerthearrivalofthesubsequent diseasesespeciallywheretherehadbeennone.Accordingtotheauthoritisimpossibleatpresenttocut60%ofcarbondioxideemissionsgloballybecause______.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}AdultEducation{{/B}}??1.Voluntarylearningin organizedcoursesbymaturemenandwomeniscalledadulteducation.Such educationisofferedtomakepeopleabletoenlargeandinterprettheir experienceasadults.Adultsmaywanttostudysomething*whichtheymissedin earlierschoolinggetnewskillsorjobtrainingfindoutaboutnew technologicaldevelopmentsseekbetterself-understandingordevelopnew talentsandskills.??2.Thiskindofeducationmaybeintheform ofself-studywithproperguidancethroughtheuseoflibrariescorrespondence coursesorbroadcasting.Itmayalsobeacquiredcollectivelyinschoolsand collegesstudygroupsworkshopsclubsandprofessional associations.??3.Modernadulteducationforlargenumbersof peoplestartedinthe18thand19thcenturieswiththeriseoftheIndustrial Revolution.Greateconomicandsocialchangesweretakingplace:peoplewere movingfromruralareastocitiesnewtypesofworkwerebeingcreatedinan expandingfactorysystem.Theseandotherfactorsproducedaneedforfurther educationandre-educationofadults.??4.Theearliestprograms oforganizedadulteducationaroseinGreatBritaininthe1790swiththe foundingofanadultschoolinNottinghamandamechanics’instituteinGlasgow. TheearliestadulteducationinstitutionintheUnitedStateswasfoundedby BenjaminFranklinandsomefriendsinPhiladelphiain1727.??5. Peoplerecognizethatcontinuedlearningisnecessaryformostformsof employmenttoday.Forexamplepartsoftheadultpopulationinmanycountries finditnecessarytotakepartinretrainingprogramsatworkoreventolearn completelynewjobs.Adulteducationprogramsarespringingupconstantlyto meettheseandotherneeds.Theearliestorganizedadulteducation______.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??{{B}}CreditCard.OnlyWorksWhenSpokento{{/B}}??A creditcardthatwillnotworkunlessithearsitsowner’svoicecouldbecomean importantweaponinthefightagainstfraud.??Thecardrequires userstogiveaspokenpasswordthatitrecognizesusingabuilt-in voice-recognitionchip.Theideaistopreventthievesusingastolencardor fraudstersusingsomeoneelse’screditcarddetailstobuygoods online.??AprototypebuiltbyengineersatBeepcardinSanta MonicaCaliforniarepresentsthefirstattempttopackamicrophonealoud speakerabatteryandavoice-recognitionchipintoastandardsizedcredit card.??Theyarenotquitethereyet:thecardisthelengthand widthofanordinarycreditcardbutitisstillaboutthreetimesasthick. AlanSegeBeepcard’sCEOsaysthecompanynowplanstousesmallerchipsto slimitdowntonormalthickness.??Thevoicecardisbasedonan earlierBeepcardtechnologydesignedtopreventfraudinonlinetransactions. Thisearliercardhasnomicrophonebuthasabuilt-inloudspeakerthatituses tosquawkanacousticIDsignalviaacomputer’smicrophonetoanonline server.??Byverifyingthatthesignalmatchesthecarddetails theservercanestablishthattheuserisnotsimplykeyinginacreditcard numberbutactuallyhasthecardtohand.’TheIDcodechangeseachtimethe cardisusedinapre-orderedsequencethatonlytheserverknows.? ?Thispreventsfraudstersrecordingthebeepsnotingthecarddetailsand thenplayingbacktheaudibleIDwhentheykeyinthedetailslater.Butthis earliertechnologycannotpreventfraudulentuseofstolencards.Thenewone can.??Thenewvoicecardalsoidentifiesitselfbyits1Dsquawk butitwillnotdothisuntilithasverifiedthelegitimateuser’sspoken password.Thieveswillbeunabletousethecardbecauseeveniftheyknewthe passwordtheywouldhavetobeabletocopytheowner’svoicewithahighdegree ofaccuracy.??ThechallengeforBeepcardhasbeentodevelop voice-recognitionandaudiocircuitrythatcanbepoweredbyaminibattery embeddedinacreditcard.Tomaximizebatterylifetheelectronicsareonly switchedonwhenthecardisbeingused.Pressingabuttononthecard’ssurface promptsittoutterSayyourpasswordinfemalevoice.Ifthe voice-recognitionsoftwareprovesthatthepasswordisauthenticitsendsits IDsquawkwhichtheserverthenidentifiesallowingthetransactionto proceed.??fraudstern.骗子??beepn. 电子装置发出的嘟嘟声??onlineadj. &adv.联机的地在线的地实时操作的地??legitimateadj.合法的? ?fraudulentadj.欺骗性的骗得的??prototypen.原型样品? ?circuitryn.电路系统??squawkv.粗声叫??embedv. 埋置嵌入插入??acousticadj.声音用声波操作的??utterv. 发出声音说出??verifyv.证实核实AretheengineersatBeepcardsatisfiedwiththemodeltheyhavebuilt?Whyorwhynot?
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}AdultEducation{{/B}}??1.Voluntarylearningin organizedcoursesbymaturemenandwomeniscalledadulteducation.Such educationisofferedtomakepeopleabletoenlargeandinterprettheir experienceasadults.Adultsmaywanttostudysomething*whichtheymissedin earlierschoolinggetnewskillsorjobtrainingfindoutaboutnew technologicaldevelopmentsseekbetterself-understandingordevelopnew talentsandskills.??2.Thiskindofeducationmaybeintheform ofself-studywithproperguidancethroughtheuseoflibrariescorrespondence coursesorbroadcasting.Itmayalsobeacquiredcollectivelyinschoolsand collegesstudygroupsworkshopsclubsandprofessional associations.??3.Modernadulteducationforlargenumbersof peoplestartedinthe18thand19thcenturieswiththeriseoftheIndustrial Revolution.Greateconomicandsocialchangesweretakingplace:peoplewere movingfromruralareastocitiesnewtypesofworkwerebeingcreatedinan expandingfactorysystem.Theseandotherfactorsproducedaneedforfurther educationandre-educationofadults.??4.Theearliestprograms oforganizedadulteducationaroseinGreatBritaininthe1790swiththe foundingofanadultschoolinNottinghamandamechanics’instituteinGlasgow. TheearliestadulteducationinstitutionintheUnitedStateswasfoundedby BenjaminFranklinandsomefriendsinPhiladelphiain1727.??5. Peoplerecognizethatcontinuedlearningisnecessaryformostformsof employmenttoday.Forexamplepartsoftheadultpopulationinmanycountries finditnecessarytotakepartinretrainingprogramsatworkoreventolearn completelynewjobs.Adulteducationprogramsarespringingupconstantlyto meettheseandotherneeds.Therearevariousformsofadulteducationincluding______.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?????????? ????{{B}}HappyBirthdaytoYou{{/B}}??The mainproblemindiscussingAmericanpopularcultureisalsooneofitsmain characteristics:itwon’tstayAmerican.Nomatterwhatitiswhetheritis filmsfoodandfashionmusiccasualsportsorslangit’ssoonathome elsewhereintheworld.ThereareseveraltheorieswhyAmericanpopularculture hashadthisappeal.??Onetheoryisthatithasbeenadvertised andmarketedthroughAmericanfilmspopularmusicandmorerecently television.{{U}}?1?{{/U}}Theyareafterallincompetitionwith thoseproducedbyothercountries.??Anothertheoryprobablya morecommononeisthatAmericanpopular’cultureisinternationallyassociated withsomethingcalledthespiritofAmerica.{{U}}?2?{{/U}}? ?Thefinaltheoryislesscomplex:Americanpopularcultureispopular becausealotofpeopleintheworldlikeit.??Regardlessofwhy itspreadsAmericanpopularcultureisusuallyquiterapidlyadoptedandthen adaptedinmanyothercountries.{{U}}?3?{{/U}}HapppyBirthdayto YouforinstanceissuchaneverydaysongthatitssourceitsAmerican copyrightsoto.speakisnotremembered.Blackleatherjacketswornbymany heroesinAmericanmoviescouldbefoundagenerationlateronallthoseyoung menwhowantedtomakethismanly-looktheirown.??Twoareas wherethiscontinuingprocessismostclearlyseenareclothingandmusic.Some peoplecanstillrememberatimewhenT-shirtsjoggingclothestennisshoes denimjacketsandbluejeanswerenotcommondailyweareverywhere.Onlytwenty yearsagoitwaspossibletospotanAmericaninPadsbyhisorherclothes.No longerso:thosebrightcolorscheckeredjacketsandtrousershatsandsocks whichwereoncemariefunofincartoonsarebackagaininPadsasthelatest fashion.{{U}}?4?{{/U}}??ThesituationwithAmerican popularmusicismorecomplexbecauseinthebeginningwhenitwasstill clearlyAmericanitwasoftenstronglyresisted.Jazzwasoncethoughttobea greatdanger??toyouthandtheirmoralsandwasactually outlawedinseveralcountries.TodaywhilestillshowingitsratherAmerican rootsithasbecomesowellestablished.Rock’n’rollandallitsvariations country&westernmusicallhavemoreorlesssimilarhistories.Theywere firstresistedofteninAmericanaswellasbeinglow-classandthenas% dangertoournation’syouth.{{U}}?5?{{/U}}Andthenthemusicbecame acceptedandwasextendedanddevelopedandexportedbacktotheUS.? ?A.AsaresultitsAmericanoriginsandrootsareoftenquickly forgotten.??B.ButthistheoryfailstoexplainwhyAmerican filmsmusicandtelevisionprogramsaresopopularinthemselves.? ?C.Americaninorigininformalclothinghasbecometheworld’sfirst trulyuniversalstyle.??D.TheBBCforexamplebannedrockand rolluntil1962.??E.Americanfoodhasbecomepopulararoundthe worldtoo.??F.Thisspiritisvariouslydescribedasbeingyoung andfreeoptimisticandconfidentinformalanddisrespectful.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ???????LateralThinking{{/B}}? ?Lateralthinking迂回思维firstdescribedbyEdwarddeBonoin1967is justafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.YoumightimaginethatCasparwas raisedtobeanadventurousthinkerbutdeBononamewassofamousCasper’s parentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschoolhis teachersmightsnapWheredoyougetthatideafrom???Wehad tobecarefulandnotoverdoitEdwardadmits.NowCasperisatOxford—— whichoncelookedunlikelybecauseheisalsoslightlydyslexic通读困难.Infact whenhewasapplyingtoOxfordnoneofhisschoolteachersthoughthehada chance.Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessionshisfathersaysusingmy techniquesandwhenhewentupfortheexamhedidextremelywell.Soon afterEdwarddeBonodecidedtowritehislatestbookTeachYourChildrenHow toThinkinwhichhetransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedfor brain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrento share.??Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecuted inalogicalsequenceandeverybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.So isn’titanuphillbattletryingtoteachthemtothink?YouknowEdwardde Bonosaysifyouexaminepeople’sthinkingitisquiteunusualtofindfaults oflogic.Butthefaultsofperceptionarehuge!Oftenwethinkineffectively becausewetaketoolimitedaview.??TeachYourChildHowto Thinkofferslessonsinperceptionimprovementofclearlyseeingthe implicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthe alternatives.LateralthinkingreferstothefollowingEXCEPT_______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ?????{{B}}FermiProblem{{/B}}??Ona MondaymorninginJulytheworld’sfirstatombombexplodedintheNewMexico desert.Fortysecondslatertheshockwavesreachedthebasecampwherethe Italian-AmericanphysicistEnricoFermiandhisteamstood.Afteramental calculationFermiannouncedtohisteamthatthebomb’senergyhadequated 10000tonsofTNT.Thebombteamwasimpressedbutnotsurprised.Fermi’s geniuswasknownthroughoutthescientificworld.In1938hehadwonaNobel Prize.Fouryearslaterheproducedthefirstnuclearchainreactionleadingus intothenuclearage.SinceFermi’sdeathin1954nophysicisthasbeenatonce amasterexperimentalistandaleadingtheoretician.??Likeall virtuososFermihadadistinctivestyle.Hepreferredthemostdirectrouteto ananswer.Hewasverygoodatdividingdifficultproblemsintosmall manageablebits—talentweallcanuseinourdailylives.??To developthistalentinhisstudents.Fermiwouldsuggestatypeofquestionnow knownasaFermiproblem.Uponfirsthearingoneoftheseyouhaven’tthe remotestnotionoftheanswerandyoufeelcertainthattoolittleinformation hadbeengiventosolveit.Yetwhentheproblemisbrokenintosub-problems eachanswerablewithoutthehelpofexpertsorbooksyoucancomeclosetothe exactsolution.??SupposeyouwanttodetermineEarth’s circumferencewithoutlookingitup.EveryoneknowsthatNewYorkandLos Angelesareabout3000milesapartandthatthetimedifferencebetweenthemis threehours.Threehoursisoneeighthofadayandadayisthetimeittakes theplanettocompleteonerotationsoitscircumferencemustbeeighttimes 3000or24000miles.Thisanswerdiffersfromthetruevalue24902.45miles bylessthanfourpercent.??Ultimatelythevalueofdealingwith everydayproblemsthewayFermididliesintherewardsofmakingindependent discoveriesandinventions:Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherthediscoveryisas importantasdeterminingthepowerofanatomorassmallasmeasuringthe distancebetweenNewYorkandLosAngeles.Lookinguptheanswerorletting someoneelsefinditdeprivesyouofthepleasureandpridethataccompany creativityanddeprivesyouofanexperiencethatbuildsupself-confidence. ThusapproachingpersonaldilemmasasFermiproblemscanbecomeahabitthat enrichesyourlife.DividingabigproblemintosmallproblemsisatalentFermihadandatalentthathaspracticalvalueinlife.
{{*HTML*}}? 下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ???????SQ3R{{/B}}??A ProvenmethodforeffectivetextbookreadingistheSQ3Rmethoddevelopedby FrancisRobinson.ThefirststepistosurveytheSstepthechapterby readingthetitleintroductionsectionheadingssummaryandbystudyingany graphstablesillustrationsorcharts.Thepurposeofthisstepistogetan overviewofthechaptersothatyouwillknowbeforeyoureadwhatitwillbe about.InthesecondsteptheQstepforeachsectionyouaskyourself questionssuchasWhatdoIalreadyknowaboutthistopic?andWhatdo1want toknow?Inthisstepyoualsotakethesectionheadingandturnitintoa question.Thisstepgivesyouapurposeforreadingthesection.Thethirdstep thefirstofthe3R’sistoreadtofindtheanswertoyourquestions.Thenat theendofeachsectionbeforegoingontothenextsectionyourecitethe secondofthe3R’stheanswerstothequestionsthatyouformedinthequestion step.Whenyoureciteyoushouldsaytheinformationyouwanttolearnoutloud inyourownwords.Thefifthstepisdoneafteryouhavecompletedstep23 and4foreachsection.Youreviewthelastofthe3R’stheentirechapter. Thereviewisdonemuchasthesurveywasinthefirststep.Asyoureviewhold amentalconversationwithyourselfasyourecitetheinformationyouselected asimportanttolearn.Thementalconversationcouldtaketheformofaskingand answeringthequestionsformedfromtheheadingsorreadingthesummarywhich liststhemainideasinthechapterandtryingtofillinthedetailsforeach mainidea.TheSQ3Rmethodconsistsof_______steps.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??{{B}}CreditCard.OnlyWorksWhenSpokento{{/B}}??A creditcardthatwillnotworkunlessithearsitsowner’svoicecouldbecomean importantweaponinthefightagainstfraud.??Thecardrequires userstogiveaspokenpasswordthatitrecognizesusingabuilt-in voice-recognitionchip.Theideaistopreventthievesusingastolencardor fraudstersusingsomeoneelse’screditcarddetailstobuygoods online.??AprototypebuiltbyengineersatBeepcardinSanta MonicaCaliforniarepresentsthefirstattempttopackamicrophonealoud speakerabatteryandavoice-recognitionchipintoastandardsizedcredit card.??Theyarenotquitethereyet:thecardisthelengthand widthofanordinarycreditcardbutitisstillaboutthreetimesasthick. AlanSegeBeepcard’sCEOsaysthecompanynowplanstousesmallerchipsto slimitdowntonormalthickness.??Thevoicecardisbasedonan earlierBeepcardtechnologydesignedtopreventfraudinonlinetransactions. Thisearliercardhasnomicrophonebuthasabuilt-inloudspeakerthatituses tosquawkanacousticIDsignalviaacomputer’smicrophonetoanonline server.??Byverifyingthatthesignalmatchesthecarddetails theservercanestablishthattheuserisnotsimplykeyinginacreditcard numberbutactuallyhasthecardtohand.’TheIDcodechangeseachtimethe cardisusedinapre-orderedsequencethatonlytheserverknows.? ?Thispreventsfraudstersrecordingthebeepsnotingthecarddetailsand thenplayingbacktheaudibleIDwhentheykeyinthedetailslater.Butthis earliertechnologycannotpreventfraudulentuseofstolencards.Thenewone can.??Thenewvoicecardalsoidentifiesitselfbyits1Dsquawk butitwillnotdothisuntilithasverifiedthelegitimateuser’sspoken password.Thieveswillbeunabletousethecardbecauseeveniftheyknewthe passwordtheywouldhavetobeabletocopytheowner’svoicewithahighdegree ofaccuracy.??ThechallengeforBeepcardhasbeentodevelop voice-recognitionandaudiocircuitrythatcanbepoweredbyaminibattery embeddedinacreditcard.Tomaximizebatterylifetheelectronicsareonly switchedonwhenthecardisbeingused.Pressingabuttononthecard’ssurface promptsittoutterSayyourpasswordinfemalevoice.Ifthe voice-recognitionsoftwareprovesthatthepasswordisauthenticitsendsits IDsquawkwhichtheserverthenidentifiesallowingthetransactionto proceed.??fraudstern.骗子??beepn. 电子装置发出的嘟嘟声??onlineadj. &adv.联机的地在线的地实时操作的地??legitimateadj.合法的? ?fraudulentadj.欺骗性的骗得的??prototypen.原型样品? ?circuitryn.电路系统??squawkv.粗声叫??embedv. 埋置嵌入插入??acousticadj.声音用声波操作的??utterv. 发出声音说出??verifyv.证实核实Whatistheadvantageofthevoicecard?
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ??????GlobalWarming{{/B}}??At theKyotoconferenceonglobalwarminginDecember1997itbecameabundantly clearhowcomplexithasbecometoworkoutinternationalagreementsrelatingto theenvironmentbecauseofeconomicconcernsuniquetoeachcountry.Itisno longerenoughtotrytoforbidcertainactivitiesortoreduceemissionsof certainsubstances.Theglobalchallengesoftheinterlinkbetweenthe environmentanddevelopmentincreasinglybringustothecoreoftheeconomic lifeofstates.Duringthelate1980swewereablethroughinternational agreementstomakedeepcutsinemissionsharmfultotheozonelayerThese reductionsweremadepossiblebecausesubstitutionshadbeenfoundformanyof theharmfulchemicalsandmoreimportantbecausetheharmfulsubstancescould bereplacedwithoutnegativeeffectsonemploymentandtheeconomiesof states.??Althoughthethreatofglobalwarminghasbeenknownto theworldfordecadesandallcountriesandleadersagreethatweneedtodeal withtheproblemwealsoknowthattheeffectsofmeasuresespeciallyharsh measurestakeninsomecountrieswouldbenullified抵消ifotherscountriesdo notcontroltheiremissions.WhereastheUNteamonclimatechangehasfound thattheemissionsofcarbondioxidewouldhavetobecutgloballyby60%to stabilizethecontentofCO2intheatmospherethispathisnot feasibleforseveralreasons.Suchdeepcutswouldcauseabreakdownofthe worldeconomy.Importantandpopulous人口众多的low—ormedium-incomecountriesare notyetwillingtoundertakelegalcommitmentsabouttheirenergyuses.In additionthestateofworldtechnologywouldnotyetpermitustomakesucha bigleap.??Wemusthoweverfindasolutiontothethreatof globalwarmingearlyinthe21stcentury.Suchacommitmentwouldrequirea degreeofsharedvisionandcommonresponsibilitiesnewtohumanity.Success liesintheforceofimaginationsinimaginingwhatwouldhappenifwefailto act.Althoughmanylivingincoldregionswouldwelcometheglobal-warming effectofawarmersummerfewwouldcheerthearrivalofthesubsequent diseasesespeciallywheretherehadbeennone.Thereasonwhyitisdifficulttogetridofthethreatofglobalwarmingisthat______.
Enamelthehardestsubstanceinahumanbeing’sbodycoversthe{{U}}entire{{/U}}crownofthetooth.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ?????{{B}}FermiProblem{{/B}}??Ona MondaymorninginJulytheworld’sfirstatombombexplodedintheNewMexico desert.Fortysecondslatertheshockwavesreachedthebasecampwherethe Italian-AmericanphysicistEnricoFermiandhisteamstood.Afteramental calculationFermiannouncedtohisteamthatthebomb’senergyhadequated 10000tonsofTNT.Thebombteamwasimpressedbutnotsurprised.Fermi’s geniuswasknownthroughoutthescientificworld.In1938hehadwonaNobel Prize.Fouryearslaterheproducedthefirstnuclearchainreactionleadingus intothenuclearage.SinceFermi’sdeathin1954nophysicisthasbeenatonce amasterexperimentalistandaleadingtheoretician.??Likeall virtuososFermihadadistinctivestyle.Hepreferredthemostdirectrouteto ananswer.Hewasverygoodatdividingdifficultproblemsintosmall manageablebits—talentweallcanuseinourdailylives.??To developthistalentinhisstudents.Fermiwouldsuggestatypeofquestionnow knownasaFermiproblem.Uponfirsthearingoneoftheseyouhaven’tthe remotestnotionoftheanswerandyoufeelcertainthattoolittleinformation hadbeengiventosolveit.Yetwhentheproblemisbrokenintosub-problems eachanswerablewithoutthehelpofexpertsorbooksyoucancomeclosetothe exactsolution.??SupposeyouwanttodetermineEarth’s circumferencewithoutlookingitup.EveryoneknowsthatNewYorkandLos Angelesareabout3000milesapartandthatthetimedifferencebetweenthemis threehours.Threehoursisoneeighthofadayandadayisthetimeittakes theplanettocompleteonerotationsoitscircumferencemustbeeighttimes 3000or24000miles.Thisanswerdiffersfromthetruevalue24902.45miles bylessthanfourpercent.??Ultimatelythevalueofdealingwith everydayproblemsthewayFermididliesintherewardsofmakingindependent discoveriesandinventions:Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherthediscoveryisas importantasdeterminingthepowerofanatomorassmallasmeasuringthe distancebetweenNewYorkandLosAngeles.Lookinguptheanswerorletting someoneelsefinditdeprivesyouofthepleasureandpridethataccompany creativityanddeprivesyouofanexperiencethatbuildsupself-confidence. ThusapproachingpersonaldilemmasasFermiproblemscanbecomeahabitthat enrichesyourlife.Fermiwasfamousforinventingadevicetocalculatebomb’senergyaccurately.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ?????{{B}}FermiProblem{{/B}}??Ona MondaymorninginJulytheworld’sfirstatombombexplodedintheNewMexico desert.Fortysecondslatertheshockwavesreachedthebasecampwherethe Italian-AmericanphysicistEnricoFermiandhisteamstood.Afteramental calculationFermiannouncedtohisteamthatthebomb’senergyhadequated 10000tonsofTNT.Thebombteamwasimpressedbutnotsurprised.Fermi’s geniuswasknownthroughoutthescientificworld.In1938hehadwonaNobel Prize.Fouryearslaterheproducedthefirstnuclearchainreactionleadingus intothenuclearage.SinceFermi’sdeathin1954nophysicisthasbeenatonce amasterexperimentalistandaleadingtheoretician.??Likeall virtuososFermihadadistinctivestyle.Hepreferredthemostdirectrouteto ananswer.Hewasverygoodatdividingdifficultproblemsintosmall manageablebits—talentweallcanuseinourdailylives.??To developthistalentinhisstudents.Fermiwouldsuggestatypeofquestionnow knownasaFermiproblem.Uponfirsthearingoneoftheseyouhaven’tthe remotestnotionoftheanswerandyoufeelcertainthattoolittleinformation hadbeengiventosolveit.Yetwhentheproblemisbrokenintosub-problems eachanswerablewithoutthehelpofexpertsorbooksyoucancomeclosetothe exactsolution.??SupposeyouwanttodetermineEarth’s circumferencewithoutlookingitup.EveryoneknowsthatNewYorkandLos Angelesareabout3000milesapartandthatthetimedifferencebetweenthemis threehours.Threehoursisoneeighthofadayandadayisthetimeittakes theplanettocompleteonerotationsoitscircumferencemustbeeighttimes 3000or24000miles.Thisanswerdiffersfromthetruevalue24902.45miles bylessthanfourpercent.??Ultimatelythevalueofdealingwith everydayproblemsthewayFermididliesintherewardsofmakingindependent discoveriesandinventions:Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherthediscoveryisas importantasdeterminingthepowerofanatomorassmallasmeasuringthe distancebetweenNewYorkandLosAngeles.Lookinguptheanswerorletting someoneelsefinditdeprivesyouofthepleasureandpridethataccompany creativityanddeprivesyouofanexperiencethatbuildsupself-confidence. ThusapproachingpersonaldilemmasasFermiproblemscanbecomeahabitthat enrichesyourlife.Fermi’steamwasimpressedbyFermi’sannouncementinthebasecampbecausehecouldevenworkoutthepoweroftheatombombinhismind.
Manufacturersspendmillionsofdollarsonadvertisingto{{U}}entice{{/U}}peopletobuytheirproducts.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}AdultEducation{{/B}}??1.Voluntarylearningin organizedcoursesbymaturemenandwomeniscalledadulteducation.Such educationisofferedtomakepeopleabletoenlargeandinterprettheir experienceasadults.Adultsmaywanttostudysomething*whichtheymissedin earlierschoolinggetnewskillsorjobtrainingfindoutaboutnew technologicaldevelopmentsseekbetterself-understandingordevelopnew talentsandskills.??2.Thiskindofeducationmaybeintheform ofself-studywithproperguidancethroughtheuseoflibrariescorrespondence coursesorbroadcasting.Itmayalsobeacquiredcollectivelyinschoolsand collegesstudygroupsworkshopsclubsandprofessional associations.??3.Modernadulteducationforlargenumbersof peoplestartedinthe18thand19thcenturieswiththeriseoftheIndustrial Revolution.Greateconomicandsocialchangesweretakingplace:peoplewere movingfromruralareastocitiesnewtypesofworkwerebeingcreatedinan expandingfactorysystem.Theseandotherfactorsproducedaneedforfurther educationandre-educationofadults.??4.Theearliestprograms oforganizedadulteducationaroseinGreatBritaininthe1790swiththe foundingofanadultschoolinNottinghamandamechanics’instituteinGlasgow. TheearliestadulteducationinstitutionintheUnitedStateswasfoundedby BenjaminFranklinandsomefriendsinPhiladelphiain1727.??5. Peoplerecognizethatcontinuedlearningisnecessaryformostformsof employmenttoday.Forexamplepartsoftheadultpopulationinmanycountries finditnecessarytotakepartinretrainingprogramsatworkoreventolearn completelynewjobs.Adulteducationprogramsarespringingupconstantlyto meettheseandotherneeds.Paragraph5_______
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ???????LateralThinking{{/B}}? ?Lateralthinking迂回思维firstdescribedbyEdwarddeBonoin1967is justafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.YoumightimaginethatCasparwas raisedtobeanadventurousthinkerbutdeBononamewassofamousCasper’s parentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschoolhis teachersmightsnapWheredoyougetthatideafrom???Wehad tobecarefulandnotoverdoitEdwardadmits.NowCasperisatOxford—— whichoncelookedunlikelybecauseheisalsoslightlydyslexic通读困难.Infact whenhewasapplyingtoOxfordnoneofhisschoolteachersthoughthehada chance.Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessionshisfathersaysusingmy techniquesandwhenhewentupfortheexamhedidextremelywell.Soon afterEdwarddeBonodecidedtowritehislatestbookTeachYourChildrenHow toThinkinwhichhetransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedfor brain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrento share.??Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecuted inalogicalsequenceandeverybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.So isn’titanuphillbattletryingtoteachthemtothink?YouknowEdwardde Bonosaysifyouexaminepeople’sthinkingitisquiteunusualtofindfaults oflogic.Butthefaultsofperceptionarehuge!Oftenwethinkineffectively becausewetaketoolimitedaview.??TeachYourChildHowto Thinkofferslessonsinperceptionimprovementofclearlyseeingthe implicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthe alternatives.WhatisTRUEaboutCasper?_______
Scientistswhoarenowawareofhownautilusesregulatetheirbuoyancyhavebeenabletodispelerroneousideasaboutthesecreatures.
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