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? ?阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每...
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? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
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Theindexisthegovernment'schief{{U}}gauge{{/U}}offutureeconomicactivity.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1—4段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}} EarthAngels{{/B}}??1?JoyingBresciawas8 yearsoldwhenshenoticedthatcigarettebutts烟头werelitteringherhometown beachinlsleofPalmsSouthCarolina.Whenshelearnedthatittakesfive yearsfortheremainsofacigarettetodisintegrateshedecidedtotake action.JoyinglaunchedaNoBuffsontheBeachcampaign.Sheraisedmoneyand awarenessabouttheneedtokeepthebeachesclean.Withthehelpofothers Joyingalsoboughtorreceiveddonationsofgallon-sizeplasticice-cream buckets.Thebucketswerefilledwithsandandplacedatallpublic-access areasofthebeach.Thebucketsallowedpeopletodisposeoftheircigarettes beforehittingthebeach.TwoyearslaterJoyingsaysthebucketsarefulland thebeachisnearlyfreeofcigarettedebris残片.??2 ?PeoplewholiveinorvisitSteamboatSpringsColoradohaveCarter Dunhamtothankforanewstatewildliferefugethatpreserves20acresof marshlandandmany.speciesofwildlife.Carterandotherstudentswrotea managementplanfortheareaaroundtheYampaRiver.Theplanwaspartofa classprojectwhenCarterwasafreshmanatSteamboatSpringsHighSchool. WorkingwiththeColoradoDivisionofWildlifeCarterandhisclassmatesmapped theareaandspeciesofanimalslivingthere.Theyalsomadedecisionsabout amongotherthingswherefencesandparkingareasshouldbebuilt.? ?3?BarbaraBrownandherfriendscollectoil.Itstartedasaproject fortheir4HClubafteroneofthegirlsnoticedherfatherusingmotoroilto killweedsontheirfarminVictoriaTexas.Theydidsomeresearchand discoveredthatoilcancontaminategroundwater-arealdangerinruralareas wherepeopleliveoffthewaterontheirland.Thegirlsresearchedwaysto recycleoilandworkedwithalocaloil-recyclingcompanyontheissue.Nowthe Don’tBeCrudeprogramrunsoil-collectionsites-tanksthatholdupto460 gallons-wherepeopleinthecommunitycandisposeoftheiroil.? ?4?Fiveyearsago11-year-oldRyanHreljacwasalittleboywitha bigdream:forallthepeopleinAfricatohavecleandrinkingwater.Hisdream beganinthefirstgradewhenhelearnedthatpeopleweredyingbecausethey didn’thavecleanwaterandthataslittleas$70couldbuildawell.We reallytakewaterforgrantedsaysRyanofKemptvilleOntarioinCanada. Inothercountriesyouhavetoplanforit.Ryanearnedthefirst$70by doingextrachores零工butwiththehelpofothershehassinceraised hundredsofthousandsofdollars.HiseffortsledtothestartoftheRyan’s WellFoundationwhichraisesmoneyforcleanwaterandhealth-relatedservices forpeopleinAfricancountriesanddevelopingcountries.Paragraph1______ ??A?ProvideCleanWater ??B?DigOilWells ??C?SaveCleanWater ??D?Don’tLitter ??E?Don’tBeCrude ??F?ProtectWildlife
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{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1—4段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}} EarthAngels{{/B}}??1?JoyingBresciawas8 yearsoldwhenshenoticedthatcigarettebutts烟头werelitteringherhometown beachinlsleofPalmsSouthCarolina.Whenshelearnedthatittakesfive yearsfortheremainsofacigarettetodisintegrateshedecidedtotake action.JoyinglaunchedaNoBuffsontheBeachcampaign.Sheraisedmoneyand awarenessabouttheneedtokeepthebeachesclean.Withthehelpofothers Joyingalsoboughtorreceiveddonationsofgallon-sizeplasticice-cream buckets.Thebucketswerefilledwithsandandplacedatallpublic-access areasofthebeach.Thebucketsallowedpeopletodisposeoftheircigarettes beforehittingthebeach.TwoyearslaterJoyingsaysthebucketsarefulland thebeachisnearlyfreeofcigarettedebris残片.??2 ?PeoplewholiveinorvisitSteamboatSpringsColoradohaveCarter Dunhamtothankforanewstatewildliferefugethatpreserves20acresof marshlandandmany.speciesofwildlife.Carterandotherstudentswrotea managementplanfortheareaaroundtheYampaRiver.Theplanwaspartofa classprojectwhenCarterwasafreshmanatSteamboatSpringsHighSchool. WorkingwiththeColoradoDivisionofWildlifeCarterandhisclassmatesmapped theareaandspeciesofanimalslivingthere.Theyalsomadedecisionsabout amongotherthingswherefencesandparkingareasshouldbebuilt.? ?3?BarbaraBrownandherfriendscollectoil.Itstartedasaproject fortheir4HClubafteroneofthegirlsnoticedherfatherusingmotoroilto killweedsontheirfarminVictoriaTexas.Theydidsomeresearchand discoveredthatoilcancontaminategroundwater-arealdangerinruralareas wherepeopleliveoffthewaterontheirland.Thegirlsresearchedwaysto recycleoilandworkedwithalocaloil-recyclingcompanyontheissue.Nowthe Don’tBeCrudeprogramrunsoil-collectionsites-tanksthatholdupto460 gallons-wherepeopleinthecommunitycandisposeoftheiroil.? ?4?Fiveyearsago11-year-oldRyanHreljacwasalittleboywitha bigdream:forallthepeopleinAfricatohavecleandrinkingwater.Hisdream beganinthefirstgradewhenhelearnedthatpeopleweredyingbecausethey didn’thavecleanwaterandthataslittleas$70couldbuildawell.We reallytakewaterforgrantedsaysRyanofKemptvilleOntarioinCanada. Inothercountriesyouhavetoplanforit.Ryanearnedthefirst$70by doingextrachores零工butwiththehelpofothershehassinceraised hundredsofthousandsofdollars.HiseffortsledtothestartoftheRyan’s WellFoundationwhichraisesmoneyforcleanwaterandhealth-relatedservices forpeopleinAfricancountriesanddevelopingcountries.Paragraph3______
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{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每道题后面有4个选项请根据文章的内容从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??{{B}} TechnologyTransferinGermany{{/B}}??Whenit comestotranslatingbasicresearchintoindustrialsuccessfewnationscan matchGermany.Sincethe1940sthenation’svastindustrialbasehasbeenfed withaconstantstreamofnewideasandexpertisefromscience.Andthough Germanprosperity繁荣hasfaltered衰退overthepastdecadebecauseofthe hugecostofunifyingeastandwestaswellastheglobaleconomicdeclineit stillhasanenviable令人羡慕的recordforturningideasintoprofit.? ?MuchofthereasonforthatsuccessistheFraunhoferSocietyanetwork ofresearchinstitutesthatexistssolelytosolveindustrialproblemsand createsought-aftertechnologies.ButtodaytheFraunhoferinstituteshave competition.Universitiesaretakinganeverlargerroleintechnologytransfer andtechnologyparksarespringingupallover.Theseeffortsarebeing complementedbythefederalprogrammesforpumpingmoneyintostart-up companies.??Suchastrategymaysoundlikearecipeforeconomic successbutitisnotwithoutitscritics.Thesepeopleworrythatfavouring appliedresearchwillmeanneglectingbasicscienceeventuallystarving industryoffreshideas.Ifeveryscientiststartsthinkinglikeanentrepreneur 企业家theargumentgoesthenthetraditionalprinciplesofuniversityresearch beingcuriosity-drivenfreeandwidelyavailablewillsuffer.Othersclaimthat manyoftheprogrammestopromotetechnologytransferareawasteofmoney becausehalfthesmallbusinessesthatarepromotedareboundtogobankrupt withinafewyears.??Whilethisdebatecontinuesnewideasflow atasteadyratefromGermany’sresearchnetworkswhichbearfamousnamessuch asHelmholtzMaxPlanckandLeibniz.Yetitisthefourthnetworkthe FraunhoferSocietythatplaysthegreatestroleintechnology transfer.??Foundedin1949theFraunhoferSocietyisnow Europe’slargestorganisationforappliedtechnologyandhas59institutes employing12000people.Itcontinuestogrow.Lastyearitswallowedupthe HeinrichHertzInstituteforCommunicationTechnologyinBerlin.Todaythere areevenFraunhofersintheUSandAsia.TheFraunhoferSocietyisthelargestorganisationforappliedtechnologyin
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}} MotherNatureShowsHerStrength{{/B}}??Tornadoes 龙卷风andheavythunderstormsmovedacrosstheGreatLakesandintoTrumbull CountyonSaturdayevening.Thestormsweredramaticanddangerous.? ?GeorgeSnyderwasdrivingthefiretruckdownRoute88whenhefirst noticedthatafunnel漏斗状的cloudwasbehindhim.Istoppedthetruckand watchedthefunnelcloud.Itwasabout100feetoffthegroundandIsawitgo upanddownforawhile.ItwasmovingtowardBradleyRoadandthensuddenlyit disappearedSnydersaid.??Snyderonlysawoneofthefunnel cloudsthatpassedthroughnortheasternOhioonSaturday.InTrumbullCountya tornadoturnedtreesontotheirsides.Sometreesfellontohousesandcars. Othertreesfellintotelephoneandelectricalwiresastheywent down.??AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartywhenthestormbegan. Iknewsomethingwaswrongshesaid.Isawtheskygogreenandpink粉红色. Thenitsoundedlikeatrainrushingtowardthehouse.Istartedcryingandtold everyonetogotothebasementforprotection.??Thetornado causedalotofdamagetocarsandhousesinthearea.Itwilltakealongtime andmuchmoneytorepaireverything.Therewasalsoseriouswaterdamagefrom thethunderstorms.Theheavyrainsandhighwindcausedthepowertogooutin manyhomes.??Thestormscausedseriousfloodinginareasnearthe river.MorethanfourinchesofrainfellinpartsofTrumbullCounty.Theriver was.sohighthatthewaterranintostreetsandhouses.Manystreetshadtobe closedtocarsandtrucksbecauseofthehighwater.Thismadeitdifficultfor firetruckspolicecarsandotherrescuevehiclestohelppeoplewhowerein trouble.??Manypeoplewholiveneartheriverhadtoleavetheir homesfortheirownsafety.Somepeoplereportedfivefeetofwaterintheir homes.Localandstateofficialsopenedemergencysheltersforthepeoplewho wereevacuated撤走.TheRedCrossservedmealstothem.??This wasareallyintensestormsaidSnyder.Peoplewereafraid.MotherNaturecan befierce.Wewereluckythistime.Noonewas killed.Powersupplysystemwasnotdamagedduringthestorm.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
AHierarchyofHormones Allofthecellsinaparticularplantstartoutwiththesamecomplementofgenes.Howthencanthesecellsdifferentiateandfromstructuresasdifferentasrootsstemsleavesandfruits?Theansweristhatonlyasmallsubsetofthegenesinaparticularkindofcellareexpressedorturnedonatagiventime.Thisisaccomplishedbyacomplexsystemofchemicalmessengersthatinplantsincludehormonesandotherregulatorymolecules.Fivemajorhormoneshavebeenidentified;auxin生长素abscisicacid脱落酸cytokinin细胞激动素hetylene乙烯andgibberellin赤霉素.Studiesofplantshavenowidentifiedanewclassofregulatorymoleculescalledoligosaccharins. Unliketheoligosaccharinsthefivewell-knownplanthormonesarepleiotropic多向性的ratherthanspecificthatiseachhasmorethanoneeffectonthegrowthanddevelopmentofplants.Thefivehavesomanysimultaneouseffectsthattheyarenotveryusefulinartificiallycontrollingthegrowthofcrops.Auxinforinstancestimulatestherateofcellelongation拉长causesshootstogrowupandrootstogrowdownandinhibitsthegrowthoflateral侧面的shoots.Auxinalsocausestheplanttodevelopavascular维管的systemtofromlateralrootsandtoproduceethylene. Thepleiotropyofthefivewell-studiedplanthormonesissomewhatanalogous类似的tothatofcertainhormonesinanimal.Forexamplehormonesfromthehypothalamus下五脑inthebrainstimulatetheanterior前面的lobeofthepituitaryglandtosynthesizeandreleasemanydifferenthormonesoneofwhichstimulatesthereleaseofhormonesfromtheadrenal肾上腺的cortex皮质|.Thesehormoneshavespecificeffectsontargetorgansalloverthebody.Onehormonestimulatesthethyroid甲状腺的glandforexampleanothertheovarian子房folliclecellsandsoforth.Inotherwordsthereisahierarchy统治集团ofhormones. Suchahierarchymayalsoexistinplants.Oligosaccharinsarefragmentsofthecellwallreleasedbyenzymes酶:differentenzymesreleasedifferentoligosaccharins.Thereareindicationsthatpleiotropicplanthormonesmayactuallyfunctionbyactivatingtheenzymesthatreleasetheseothermorespecificchemicalmessengersfromthecellwall. Thepassagesuggeststhatunlikethepleiotropiohormonesoligosaccharinscouldbeusedeffectivelyto______.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
ViceVaccines Atfirstglancevicevaccineslookjustgreat.Theseinjectionspromisetoinactivatedrugssuchascocaineheroinandnicotineinthebloodstreambeforetheyreachthebrain.Withoutthehitpeoplejustwon’’tcomebackformore. It’’struethatthesevaccinesarestillbeingdevelopedsotheirfullrisksandbenefitsarenotyetclear.Butallthesignsarethatforpeoplewhoareindangerofoverdosingorforaddictswhowanttogetthemselvescleanbutneedsomehelptoovercometheircravingthevaccineswillbeimmenselyvaluable. Butlikemanynewtechnologiestheyalsobringdifficultchoices.Willconvictedcriminalswhostealtofeedtheirdrughabitbeallowedbackontothestreetiftheyagreetobevaccinatedforexample?Couldajudgeevencompelthesepeopletobevaccinated? Perhapsthemostcontroversialdebatethatvicevaccineshaveraisediswhethertheyshouldbegivenroutinelytochildrenlikepolioormeaslesvaccines.Thisis.notadistantworry.Nosoonertheyhavefoundthemselvessubmergedwithrequestsfromworriedparentswhowanttheirchildrenvaccinated.Isthisreallywhatwewantforfuturegenerations? Foranysocietythatvaluespersonalfreedomtheanswerhastobeno.Peoplehavetherighttochoosehowtobehavewhetherit’’sgoodorbadlegalornot.Letnotignorethefactthatmillionsofpeopletakeillegaldrugsforpleasurewithoutbecomingaddicted.Administeringvicevaccineswillmeanthatyoungstersarenolongerfreetomakesuchchoicesforthemselves.ItwouldbelikeareturntoPleasantvile. Andrememberwe’’rejusttalkingaboutillegaldrugshere.Onevaccineunderdevelopmentactsagainstnicotineandifitsnicotinetodaywhynotcaffeinetomorrow?Society’’sattitudestodrugschange.Fortyyearsagosmokingwasfine.AcenturyagoAmericanshipoperatorsweregivingstevedores码头工人cocainetospeeduptheirwork. Likeitornotpeoplehavebeentakingmind-alteringchemicalssincebeforerecordedhistory.Eachvaccineactsonlyagainstaspecificdrugandstoppingpeoplegettinghighononedrugwillsimplypushthemtotakeothers—asaddictionresearchershavealreadyfound.Sodrugusewon’’tgoawaythedrugswilljustchange. Opposingthewidespreaduseofvicevaccinesforyoungstersisnottoadvocatedruguse.Byallmeansletvicevaccinessparkarevolutionindetox解毒clinics.Butwhenitcomestohelpingchildrendealwithdrugsthewaytohelpthemisthrougheducationensuringthattheycanfollowlifestylesthatareincompatiblewithdrugtakingandgivingthemthetoolstospotrisksandmakeinformedchoices. Theproblemofdrugabuseisboundupwithmodernsocietyincomplexways.Simplechemicalsolutionsareunlikelytoprovidethewholeanswer. Thispassageimpliesthat______.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
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Somethingsweknowaboutlanguage Manythingsaboutlanguageareamysteryandmanywillalwaysremainso.Butsomethingswedoknow. Firstweknowthatallhumanbeingshavealanguageofsomesort.Thereisnoraceofmenanywhereonearthsobackwardthatithasnolanguagenosetofspeechsoundsbywhichthepeoplecommunicatewithonemother.Furthermoreinhistoricaltimestherehasneverbeenaraceofmenwithoutalanguage. Secondthereisnosuchthingasaprimitivelanguage.Therearemanypeoplewhoseculturesareundevelopedwhoareaswesayuncivilizedbutthelanguagestheyspeakarenotprimitive.Inallknown1anguageswecanseecomplexitiesthatmusthavebeentensofthousandsofyearsindeveloping. Thishasnotalwaysbeenwellunderstood;indeedthedirectcontraryhasoftenbeenstated.PopularideasofthelanguageoftheAmericanIndianswillillustrate.ManypeoplehavesupposedthattheIndianscommunicatedinaveryprimitivesystemofnoises.Studyhasprovedthistobenonsense.ThereareorwerehundredsofAmericanIndianlanguagesandallofthemturnouttobeverycomplicatedandveryold.TheyarecertainlydifferentfromthelanguagesthatmostofusarefamiliarwithbuttheyarenomoreprimitivefivethanEnglishandGreek. Athirdthingweknowaboutlanguageisthatalllanguagesareperfectlyadequate.Thatiseachoneisaperfectmeansofexpressingthecultureofthepeoplewhospeakthelanguage. Finallyweknowthatlanguagechanges.Itisnaturalandnormalforlanguagetochange;theonlylanguageswhichdonotchangearethedeadones.Thisiseasytounderstandifwelookbackwardintime.Changegoesoninallaspectsoflanguage.Grammaticalfeatureschangeasdospeechsoundsandchangesinvocabularyaresometimesveryextensiveandmayoccurveryrapidly.Vocabularyistheleaststablepartofanylanguage. race/n.种族 primitive/adj.原始的 uncivilized/adj.不开化的落后的 complexity/n.复杂性复杂现象 nonsense/n.胡说没有根据的话 vocabulary/n.词汇 Accordingtotheauthorpeopleofundevelopedculturescanhave______languages.
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{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1—4段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}} EarthAngels{{/B}}??1?JoyingBresciawas8 yearsoldwhenshenoticedthatcigarettebutts烟头werelitteringherhometown beachinlsleofPalmsSouthCarolina.Whenshelearnedthatittakesfive yearsfortheremainsofacigarettetodisintegrateshedecidedtotake action.JoyinglaunchedaNoBuffsontheBeachcampaign.Sheraisedmoneyand awarenessabouttheneedtokeepthebeachesclean.Withthehelpofothers Joyingalsoboughtorreceiveddonationsofgallon-sizeplasticice-cream buckets.Thebucketswerefilledwithsandandplacedatallpublic-access areasofthebeach.Thebucketsallowedpeopletodisposeoftheircigarettes beforehittingthebeach.TwoyearslaterJoyingsaysthebucketsarefulland thebeachisnearlyfreeofcigarettedebris残片.??2 ?PeoplewholiveinorvisitSteamboatSpringsColoradohaveCarter Dunhamtothankforanewstatewildliferefugethatpreserves20acresof marshlandandmany.speciesofwildlife.Carterandotherstudentswrotea managementplanfortheareaaroundtheYampaRiver.Theplanwaspartofa classprojectwhenCarterwasafreshmanatSteamboatSpringsHighSchool. WorkingwiththeColoradoDivisionofWildlifeCarterandhisclassmatesmapped theareaandspeciesofanimalslivingthere.Theyalsomadedecisionsabout amongotherthingswherefencesandparkingareasshouldbebuilt.? ?3?BarbaraBrownandherfriendscollectoil.Itstartedasaproject fortheir4HClubafteroneofthegirlsnoticedherfatherusingmotoroilto killweedsontheirfarminVictoriaTexas.Theydidsomeresearchand discoveredthatoilcancontaminategroundwater-arealdangerinruralareas wherepeopleliveoffthewaterontheirland.Thegirlsresearchedwaysto recycleoilandworkedwithalocaloil-recyclingcompanyontheissue.Nowthe Don’tBeCrudeprogramrunsoil-collectionsites-tanksthatholdupto460 gallons-wherepeopleinthecommunitycandisposeoftheiroil.? ?4?Fiveyearsago11-year-oldRyanHreljacwasalittleboywitha bigdream:forallthepeopleinAfricatohavecleandrinkingwater.Hisdream beganinthefirstgradewhenhelearnedthatpeopleweredyingbecausethey didn’thavecleanwaterandthataslittleas$70couldbuildawell.We reallytakewaterforgrantedsaysRyanofKemptvilleOntarioinCanada. Inothercountriesyouhavetoplanforit.Ryanearnedthefirst$70by doingextrachores零工butwiththehelpofothershehassinceraised hundredsofthousandsofdollars.HiseffortsledtothestartoftheRyan’s WellFoundationwhichraisesmoneyforcleanwaterandhealth-relatedservices forpeopleinAfricancountriesanddevelopingcountries.Joyingplacedthebucketsatallpublic-accessareasto______. ??A?makenewmaterials ??B?preservewetlandandanimals ??C?havecleanair ??D?havecleanwater ??E?collectcigarettebutts ??F?collectdisposedoil
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}} MotherNatureShowsHerStrength{{/B}}??Tornadoes 龙卷风andheavythunderstormsmovedacrosstheGreatLakesandintoTrumbull CountyonSaturdayevening.Thestormsweredramaticanddangerous.? ?GeorgeSnyderwasdrivingthefiretruckdownRoute88whenhefirst noticedthatafunnel漏斗状的cloudwasbehindhim.Istoppedthetruckand watchedthefunnelcloud.Itwasabout100feetoffthegroundandIsawitgo upanddownforawhile.ItwasmovingtowardBradleyRoadandthensuddenlyit disappearedSnydersaid.??Snyderonlysawoneofthefunnel cloudsthatpassedthroughnortheasternOhioonSaturday.InTrumbullCountya tornadoturnedtreesontotheirsides.Sometreesfellontohousesandcars. Othertreesfellintotelephoneandelectricalwiresastheywent down.??AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartywhenthestormbegan. Iknewsomethingwaswrongshesaid.Isawtheskygogreenandpink粉红色. Thenitsoundedlikeatrainrushingtowardthehouse.Istartedcryingandtold everyonetogotothebasementforprotection.??Thetornado causedalotofdamagetocarsandhousesinthearea.Itwilltakealongtime andmuchmoneytorepaireverything.Therewasalsoseriouswaterdamagefrom thethunderstorms.Theheavyrainsandhighwindcausedthepowertogooutin manyhomes.??Thestormscausedseriousfloodinginareasnearthe river.MorethanfourinchesofrainfellinpartsofTrumbullCounty.Theriver was.sohighthatthewaterranintostreetsandhouses.Manystreetshadtobe closedtocarsandtrucksbecauseofthehighwater.Thismadeitdifficultfor firetruckspolicecarsandotherrescuevehiclestohelppeoplewhowerein trouble.??Manypeoplewholiveneartheriverhadtoleavetheir homesfortheirownsafety.Somepeoplereportedfivefeetofwaterintheir homes.Localandstateofficialsopenedemergencysheltersforthepeoplewho wereevacuated撤走.TheRedCrossservedmealstothem.??This wasareallyintensestormsaidSnyder.Peoplewereafraid.MotherNaturecan befierce.Wewereluckythistime.Noonewas killed.GeorgeSnyderwasafirefighter.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
ViceVaccines Atfirstglancevicevaccineslookjustgreat.Theseinjectionspromisetoinactivatedrugssuchascocaineheroinandnicotineinthebloodstreambeforetheyreachthebrain.Withoutthehitpeoplejustwon’’tcomebackformore. It’’struethatthesevaccinesarestillbeingdevelopedsotheirfullrisksandbenefitsarenotyetclear.Butallthesignsarethatforpeoplewhoareindangerofoverdosingorforaddictswhowanttogetthemselvescleanbutneedsomehelptoovercometheircravingthevaccineswillbeimmenselyvaluable. Butlikemanynewtechnologiestheyalsobringdifficultchoices.Willconvictedcriminalswhostealtofeedtheirdrughabitbeallowedbackontothestreetiftheyagreetobevaccinatedforexample?Couldajudgeevencompelthesepeopletobevaccinated? Perhapsthemostcontroversialdebatethatvicevaccineshaveraisediswhethertheyshouldbegivenroutinelytochildrenlikepolioormeaslesvaccines.Thisis.notadistantworry.Nosoonertheyhavefoundthemselvessubmergedwithrequestsfromworriedparentswhowanttheirchildrenvaccinated.Isthisreallywhatwewantforfuturegenerations? Foranysocietythatvaluespersonalfreedomtheanswerhastobeno.Peoplehavetherighttochoosehowtobehavewhetherit’’sgoodorbadlegalornot.Letnotignorethefactthatmillionsofpeopletakeillegaldrugsforpleasurewithoutbecomingaddicted.Administeringvicevaccineswillmeanthatyoungstersarenolongerfreetomakesuchchoicesforthemselves.ItwouldbelikeareturntoPleasantvile. Andrememberwe’’rejusttalkingaboutillegaldrugshere.Onevaccineunderdevelopmentactsagainstnicotineandifitsnicotinetodaywhynotcaffeinetomorrow?Society’’sattitudestodrugschange.Fortyyearsagosmokingwasfine.AcenturyagoAmericanshipoperatorsweregivingstevedores码头工人cocainetospeeduptheirwork. Likeitornotpeoplehavebeentakingmind-alteringchemicalssincebeforerecordedhistory.Eachvaccineactsonlyagainstaspecificdrugandstoppingpeoplegettinghighononedrugwillsimplypushthemtotakeothers—asaddictionresearchershavealreadyfound.Sodrugusewon’’tgoawaythedrugswilljustchange. Opposingthewidespreaduseofvicevaccinesforyoungstersisnottoadvocatedruguse.Byallmeansletvicevaccinessparkarevolutionindetox解毒clinics.Butwhenitcomestohelpingchildrendealwithdrugsthewaytohelpthemisthrougheducationensuringthattheycanfollowlifestylesthatareincompatiblewithdrugtakingandgivingthemthetoolstospotrisksandmakeinformedchoices. Theproblemofdrugabuseisboundupwithmodernsocietyincomplexways.Simplechemicalsolutionsareunlikelytoprovidethewholeanswer. Accordingtothewriteroneofthedisadvantagesofvicevaccineisthat______.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1—4段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}} EarthAngels{{/B}}??1?JoyingBresciawas8 yearsoldwhenshenoticedthatcigarettebutts烟头werelitteringherhometown beachinlsleofPalmsSouthCarolina.Whenshelearnedthatittakesfive yearsfortheremainsofacigarettetodisintegrateshedecidedtotake action.JoyinglaunchedaNoBuffsontheBeachcampaign.Sheraisedmoneyand awarenessabouttheneedtokeepthebeachesclean.Withthehelpofothers Joyingalsoboughtorreceiveddonationsofgallon-sizeplasticice-cream buckets.Thebucketswerefilledwithsandandplacedatallpublic-access areasofthebeach.Thebucketsallowedpeopletodisposeoftheircigarettes beforehittingthebeach.TwoyearslaterJoyingsaysthebucketsarefulland thebeachisnearlyfreeofcigarettedebris残片.??2 ?PeoplewholiveinorvisitSteamboatSpringsColoradohaveCarter Dunhamtothankforanewstatewildliferefugethatpreserves20acresof marshlandandmany.speciesofwildlife.Carterandotherstudentswrotea managementplanfortheareaaroundtheYampaRiver.Theplanwaspartofa classprojectwhenCarterwasafreshmanatSteamboatSpringsHighSchool. WorkingwiththeColoradoDivisionofWildlifeCarterandhisclassmatesmapped theareaandspeciesofanimalslivingthere.Theyalsomadedecisionsabout amongotherthingswherefencesandparkingareasshouldbebuilt.? ?3?BarbaraBrownandherfriendscollectoil.Itstartedasaproject fortheir4HClubafteroneofthegirlsnoticedherfatherusingmotoroilto killweedsontheirfarminVictoriaTexas.Theydidsomeresearchand discoveredthatoilcancontaminategroundwater-arealdangerinruralareas wherepeopleliveoffthewaterontheirland.Thegirlsresearchedwaysto recycleoilandworkedwithalocaloil-recyclingcompanyontheissue.Nowthe Don’tBeCrudeprogramrunsoil-collectionsites-tanksthatholdupto460 gallons-wherepeopleinthecommunitycandisposeoftheiroil.? ?4?Fiveyearsago11-year-oldRyanHreljacwasalittleboywitha bigdream:forallthepeopleinAfricatohavecleandrinkingwater.Hisdream beganinthefirstgradewhenhelearnedthatpeopleweredyingbecausethey didn’thavecleanwaterandthataslittleas$70couldbuildawell.We reallytakewaterforgrantedsaysRyanofKemptvilleOntarioinCanada. Inothercountriesyouhavetoplanforit.Ryanearnedthefirst$70by doingextrachores零工butwiththehelpofothershehassinceraised hundredsofthousandsofdollars.HiseffortsledtothestartoftheRyan’s WellFoundationwhichraisesmoneyforcleanwaterandhealth-relatedservices forpeopleinAfricancountriesanddevelopingcountries.Disposedoilandmanyotheritemscanbereusedto______.
Thegirlis{{U}}gazing{{/U}}atherselfinthemirror.
Johnis{{U}}eligible{{/U}}forthisjob.
ViceVaccines Atfirstglancevicevaccineslookjustgreat.Theseinjectionspromisetoinactivatedrugssuchascocaineheroinandnicotineinthebloodstreambeforetheyreachthebrain.Withoutthehitpeoplejustwon’’tcomebackformore. It’’struethatthesevaccinesarestillbeingdevelopedsotheirfullrisksandbenefitsarenotyetclear.Butallthesignsarethatforpeoplewhoareindangerofoverdosingorforaddictswhowanttogetthemselvescleanbutneedsomehelptoovercometheircravingthevaccineswillbeimmenselyvaluable. Butlikemanynewtechnologiestheyalsobringdifficultchoices.Willconvictedcriminalswhostealtofeedtheirdrughabitbeallowedbackontothestreetiftheyagreetobevaccinatedforexample?Couldajudgeevencompelthesepeopletobevaccinated? Perhapsthemostcontroversialdebatethatvicevaccineshaveraisediswhethertheyshouldbegivenroutinelytochildrenlikepolioormeaslesvaccines.Thisis.notadistantworry.Nosoonertheyhavefoundthemselvessubmergedwithrequestsfromworriedparentswhowanttheirchildrenvaccinated.Isthisreallywhatwewantforfuturegenerations? Foranysocietythatvaluespersonalfreedomtheanswerhastobeno.Peoplehavetherighttochoosehowtobehavewhetherit’’sgoodorbadlegalornot.Letnotignorethefactthatmillionsofpeopletakeillegaldrugsforpleasurewithoutbecomingaddicted.Administeringvicevaccineswillmeanthatyoungstersarenolongerfreetomakesuchchoicesforthemselves.ItwouldbelikeareturntoPleasantvile. Andrememberwe’’rejusttalkingaboutillegaldrugshere.Onevaccineunderdevelopmentactsagainstnicotineandifitsnicotinetodaywhynotcaffeinetomorrow?Society’’sattitudestodrugschange.Fortyyearsagosmokingwasfine.AcenturyagoAmericanshipoperatorsweregivingstevedores码头工人cocainetospeeduptheirwork. Likeitornotpeoplehavebeentakingmind-alteringchemicalssincebeforerecordedhistory.Eachvaccineactsonlyagainstaspecificdrugandstoppingpeoplegettinghighononedrugwillsimplypushthemtotakeothers—asaddictionresearchershavealreadyfound.Sodrugusewon’’tgoawaythedrugswilljustchange. Opposingthewidespreaduseofvicevaccinesforyoungstersisnottoadvocatedruguse.Byallmeansletvicevaccinessparkarevolutionindetox解毒clinics.Butwhenitcomestohelpingchildrendealwithdrugsthewaytohelpthemisthrougheducationensuringthattheycanfollowlifestylesthatareincompatiblewithdrugtakingandgivingthemthetoolstospotrisksandmakeinformedchoices. Theproblemofdrugabuseisboundupwithmodernsocietyincomplexways.Simplechemicalsolutionsareunlikelytoprovidethewholeanswer. Thewordhitinthefirstparagraphrefersto______.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
TheUnitedStates In1782【51】theUnitedStateswonitsindependencethebaldeaglewaschosen【52】thenationalbirdofthenewcountry.Americanleaderswantedtheeagletobea【53】oftheircountrybecauseit’’sabirdofstrengthandcourage.TheychosethebaldeaglebecauseitwasfoundalloverNorthAmericaandonlyinNorthAmerica. Butalittleover200years【54】thebaldeaglehadalmostdisappearedfromthecountryIn1972therewereonly3000baldeaglesintheentireUnitedStates.Thereasonforthebirds【55】populationwaspollutionespeciallypollutionofriversbypesticides.Pesticidesarechemicals【56】tokillinsectsandotheranimalsthatattackanddestroycrops. 【57】rainoftenwashespesticidesintorivers.Pesticidespollutetheriversandpoisonthefish.Eagleseat【58】andthepoison【59】theireggs.Theeggshaveverythinshellsanddonothatch. Eagles【60】onlytwoorthreeeggsayear.Becausemanyoftheeggsdidnot【61】andproducemoreeagles【62】eaglesquickly【63】smaller. TodaytheAmericanGovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplearetryingtoprotectthebaldeagle.Thenumberofbaldeagles【64】Itnowappears【65】theAmericannationalbirdwillsurviveandremainasymbolofstrengthandcourage.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}} MotherNatureShowsHerStrength{{/B}}??Tornadoes 龙卷风andheavythunderstormsmovedacrosstheGreatLakesandintoTrumbull CountyonSaturdayevening.Thestormsweredramaticanddangerous.? ?GeorgeSnyderwasdrivingthefiretruckdownRoute88whenhefirst noticedthatafunnel漏斗状的cloudwasbehindhim.Istoppedthetruckand watchedthefunnelcloud.Itwasabout100feetoffthegroundandIsawitgo upanddownforawhile.ItwasmovingtowardBradleyRoadandthensuddenlyit disappearedSnydersaid.??Snyderonlysawoneofthefunnel cloudsthatpassedthroughnortheasternOhioonSaturday.InTrumbullCountya tornadoturnedtreesontotheirsides.Sometreesfellontohousesandcars. Othertreesfellintotelephoneandelectricalwiresastheywent down.??AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartywhenthestormbegan. Iknewsomethingwaswrongshesaid.Isawtheskygogreenandpink粉红色. Thenitsoundedlikeatrainrushingtowardthehouse.Istartedcryingandtold everyonetogotothebasementforprotection.??Thetornado causedalotofdamagetocarsandhousesinthearea.Itwilltakealongtime andmuchmoneytorepaireverything.Therewasalsoseriouswaterdamagefrom thethunderstorms.Theheavyrainsandhighwindcausedthepowertogooutin manyhomes.??Thestormscausedseriousfloodinginareasnearthe river.MorethanfourinchesofrainfellinpartsofTrumbullCounty.Theriver was.sohighthatthewaterranintostreetsandhouses.Manystreetshadtobe closedtocarsandtrucksbecauseofthehighwater.Thismadeitdifficultfor firetruckspolicecarsandotherrescuevehiclestohelppeoplewhowerein trouble.??Manypeoplewholiveneartheriverhadtoleavetheir homesfortheirownsafety.Somepeoplereportedfivefeetofwaterintheir homes.Localandstateofficialsopenedemergencysheltersforthepeoplewho wereevacuated撤走.TheRedCrossservedmealstothem.??This wasareallyintensestormsaidSnyder.Peoplewereafraid.MotherNaturecan befierce.Wewereluckythistime.Noonewas killed.Rescuevehicleshadahardtimegettingtopeople.
Somethingsweknowaboutlanguage Manythingsaboutlanguageareamysteryandmanywillalwaysremainso.Butsomethingswedoknow. Firstweknowthatallhumanbeingshavealanguageofsomesort.Thereisnoraceofmenanywhereonearthsobackwardthatithasnolanguagenosetofspeechsoundsbywhichthepeoplecommunicatewithonemother.Furthermoreinhistoricaltimestherehasneverbeenaraceofmenwithoutalanguage. Secondthereisnosuchthingasaprimitivelanguage.Therearemanypeoplewhoseculturesareundevelopedwhoareaswesayuncivilizedbutthelanguagestheyspeakarenotprimitive.Inallknown1anguageswecanseecomplexitiesthatmusthavebeentensofthousandsofyearsindeveloping. Thishasnotalwaysbeenwellunderstood;indeedthedirectcontraryhasoftenbeenstated.PopularideasofthelanguageoftheAmericanIndianswillillustrate.ManypeoplehavesupposedthattheIndianscommunicatedinaveryprimitivesystemofnoises.Studyhasprovedthistobenonsense.ThereareorwerehundredsofAmericanIndianlanguagesandallofthemturnouttobeverycomplicatedandveryold.TheyarecertainlydifferentfromthelanguagesthatmostofusarefamiliarwithbuttheyarenomoreprimitivefivethanEnglishandGreek. Athirdthingweknowaboutlanguageisthatalllanguagesareperfectlyadequate.Thatiseachoneisaperfectmeansofexpressingthecultureofthepeoplewhospeakthelanguage. Finallyweknowthatlanguagechanges.Itisnaturalandnormalforlanguagetochange;theonlylanguageswhichdonotchangearethedeadones.Thisiseasytounderstandifwelookbackwardintime.Changegoesoninallaspectsoflanguage.Grammaticalfeatureschangeasdospeechsoundsandchangesinvocabularyaresometimesveryextensiveandmayoccurveryrapidly.Vocabularyistheleaststablepartofanylanguage. race/n.种族 primitive/adj.原始的 uncivilized/adj.不开化的落后的 complexity/n.复杂性复杂现象 nonsense/n.胡说没有根据的话 vocabulary/n.词汇 WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?
{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每道题后面有4个选项请根据文章的内容从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??{{B}} TechnologyTransferinGermany{{/B}}??Whenit comestotranslatingbasicresearchintoindustrialsuccessfewnationscan matchGermany.Sincethe1940sthenation’svastindustrialbasehasbeenfed withaconstantstreamofnewideasandexpertisefromscience.Andthough Germanprosperity繁荣hasfaltered衰退overthepastdecadebecauseofthe hugecostofunifyingeastandwestaswellastheglobaleconomicdeclineit stillhasanenviable令人羡慕的recordforturningideasintoprofit.? ?MuchofthereasonforthatsuccessistheFraunhoferSocietyanetwork ofresearchinstitutesthatexistssolelytosolveindustrialproblemsand createsought-aftertechnologies.ButtodaytheFraunhoferinstituteshave competition.Universitiesaretakinganeverlargerroleintechnologytransfer andtechnologyparksarespringingupallover.Theseeffortsarebeing complementedbythefederalprogrammesforpumpingmoneyintostart-up companies.??Suchastrategymaysoundlikearecipeforeconomic successbutitisnotwithoutitscritics.Thesepeopleworrythatfavouring appliedresearchwillmeanneglectingbasicscienceeventuallystarving industryoffreshideas.Ifeveryscientiststartsthinkinglikeanentrepreneur 企业家theargumentgoesthenthetraditionalprinciplesofuniversityresearch beingcuriosity-drivenfreeandwidelyavailablewillsuffer.Othersclaimthat manyoftheprogrammestopromotetechnologytransferareawasteofmoney becausehalfthesmallbusinessesthatarepromotedareboundtogobankrupt withinafewyears.??Whilethisdebatecontinuesnewideasflow atasteadyratefromGermany’sresearchnetworkswhichbearfamousnamessuch asHelmholtzMaxPlanckandLeibniz.Yetitisthefourthnetworkthe FraunhoferSocietythatplaysthegreatestroleintechnology transfer.??Foundedin1949theFraunhoferSocietyisnow Europe’slargestorganisationforappliedtechnologyandhas59institutes employing12000people.Itcontinuestogrow.Lastyearitswallowedupthe HeinrichHertzInstituteforCommunicationTechnologyinBerlin.Todaythere areevenFraunhofersintheUSandAsia.WhatfactorcanbeattributedtoGermanprosperity?
Thistableisstrongand{{U}}durable{{/U}}.
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