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D. Malaria, the world's most widespread parasitic（寄生虫引起的）disease, kills as many as three million...
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Malariatheworld'smostwidespreadparasitic寄生虫引起的dise
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Malariatheworld'smostwidespreadparasitic寄生虫引起的dise
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Malariatheworld'smostwidespreadparasitic寄生虫引起的dise
Malariatheworld'smostwidespreadparasitic寄生虫引起的dise
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Whatcausestrafficjams?Toomanycarsright?No!SomeBritsarenowsayingthattrafficlightsaretoblameformuchofthecongestion交通拥挤.Theysuggestthattrafficlightsberemovedatbusyroads.Theybelievepeopleareabetterjudgeofwhenit’ssafetogonotatrafficlightprogrammedbyanabsentregulator.A.reportfromtheInstituteofEconomicAffairsaUKthinktank智囊团arguesthatabolishingtrafficsignalswoulddecreasecongestionreduceexhaustemissions废气排放andimprovesafety.Thereportsaidthatremovinglightsshouldalsopreventotherbadbehaviorcausedbysignalssuchasspeedinguptocatchagreenlight.Itwouldalsoavoidthewastedtimewhendrivershavetositataredlightevenifnooneisusingthegreen.Theideamaysoundstrangebutit’snotnew.SevencitiesandregionsinEuropeareexperimentingwithno-lightsroads.DrachtenintheNetherlandshasgotridof16ofitstrafficlightcrossingsandchangedtheothertwotoroundaboutsunderasharedspaceschemE.Atcrossingscyclistsdutifullyraisetheirarmwhentheywanttomakeaturnanddriversfollowafirst-arrivedfirst-throughapproachandcommunicatebyhandsignsnodsandwaving.Theresult?TypicaljourneytimehasbeencutinhalfandaccidentsandcongestionhavemostlydisappeareD.TherehavebeensmallcollisionsbutnoproblemsaidHansMondermancreatoroftheschemE.Wewantsmallaccidentsinordertopreventseriousones.Itworkswellbecauseit’sdangerous.Thedriverhastoberesponsibleforhisorherownrisk.ThemanyrulestakeawaytheabilitytobeconsiderateMondermanaddeD.We’relosingourresponsibilityforsociallyresponsiblebehavior.SofarDrachten’slocalshavecalledtheexperimentasuccess.IamusedtoitnowsaidHelenaSpaanstra24.Youdrivemoreslowlyandcarefullybutsomehowyouseemtogetaroundtownquicker.TonyOoostward70wasequallyenthusiastiC.Iamawalkerandnowyouarethebossatthecrossroadseveryonewaitsforyou.ButatthesametimewalkerswaituntilthereareanumberofpeoplewantingtocrossatthesametimE.OwenPatersonUK’sShadowTransportMinistervisitedDrachten.HesaidBritainshouldlearnfromthemodel.Theideaistocreatespacewherethereismildanxietyamongeveryonesotheyallbehavecautiously.Noonedrivesfastalongabusystreetthinkingthattheyhaverightofway.60.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Don’tCountOnTrafficLightsB.NewTrafficSystemsNeededC.TurnThoseTrafficLightsOffD.LetPeopleHaveMoreSayInTraffic61.AccordingtothereportfromtheInstituteofEconomicAffairsabolishingtrafficlightswouldNOTleadto____.A.moretimebeingsavedB.reductionoftrafficjamsC.improvementoftheenvironmentD.rightofwaybeingtakenforgranted62.TheunderlinedwordcollisioninParagraph7meansclosestto____.A.jamB.accidentC.troubleD.congestion63.FromthepassagewecanseethattheexperimentinDrachtenworkedwellbecause____.A.walkershavebecomethebossofthecrossroadsB.cyclistswalkersanddriverseachhavespeciallydesignedroutesC.everyonefindsthattheyhavetodotheirshareinregulatingtrafficD.driversaremorecarefulandwaitforeyclistsorwalkerstopassfirst
Toucans巨嘴鸟akindoftropicalbirdsknownforitscolorfulbeakareverysmart.InMexicomydadbecamefriendswithatoucanthatwasinawalkinandseethebirdscagE.Thetoucanwassosmartthatitknewhowtogetout.Itjustneededsomehumantohelpit.Italmostflewoutwhilewewereleaving!Ialsonoticedthatalltoucanshavedifferentbeaks!TheyalsohaveverylonguniquebeakswithanextremelylongtonguE.Itstruts大摇大摆地走aroundwithitscheststickingoutandbeakpointedforwarD.Thetoucanisabeautifulbird!Thebeakhasaredtipdifferentshadesoneveryonebutsometimesthereisalittleturquoiseonthebottomhalf.Thenrightwherethebeakseparatesthereisasplotchofyellow.Andtherestofthebeakisgreen.Thetoucantakesverymuchprideofitself.Thetoucaneatsfruitandseeds.Theramphastidaethetoucanfamilyisknownforitslongbeakand37species.Toucansalsofeedoninsectssmalllizardsbirdnestlingsandeggs.Theynestinhollowtreeswheretheyincubateandcarefortheiryoung.Theyarefoundinthewoodyareas.OfthevarioustoucanfactshereisanoddonE.CitizensofCentralandSouthAmericaassociatethetoucanswithevilspirits.Theythinkthebirdscanbethepersonificationofevils.Wherecouvades父代母育ispracticedthefatherofanewchildmustnoteattoucanfleshasitisbelievedtobewitchthenew-bornchilD.Yetthetoucancanalsobeatribaltotem图腾.SothemedicinemenuseitasasymboltoflytothespiritworlD.60.WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTsuitabletodescribetoucans?A.IntelligentB.ConfidentC.DangerousD.Colorful61.Thesecondparagraphmainlytalksabout_______.A.wheretoucansstrutaroundB.howtoucansgetfoodC.whattoucanslooklikeD.whentoucanslayeggs62.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordincubateprobablymeaninparagraph3?A.HatcheggsB.TakecoverC.GatherstrengthD.Keepwarm63.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_______.A.allcitizensofCentralandSouthAmericaareafraidoftoucansB.thetoucanscanalsobeusedasmedicinetocurediseasesC.anewchildmustnoteattoucanfleshbecauseitispoisonousD.somepeoplebelievetoucanscanbringthemmisfortune
ThefamousAmericangorilla大猩猩expertDianeFosseyhadacompletelynewwaytostudygorillas—shepretendedtobeoneofthem.Shecopiedtheiractionsandwayoflife—eatingplantsandgettingdownonherhandsandkneestowalkthewayagorilladoes.Itwasanewrelationship.DianeFosseywasmurderedinRwandain1985andherstorywasmadeintothepopularfilmGorillasintheMist.ItwasalongwayfromKingKongwhichisaboutagorillaasamonsterafrighteninganimalandhelpedtoshowanewidea:therealmonsterismanwhilethegorillaistobeadmireD.Todaytherearethoughttobearound48000lowlandgorillasandmaybe400—450mountaingorillasinthewilD.FromtheCongoinWestAfricatoRwandaandUgandafurthereasttheyareendangeredbyhuntingandbythecuttingdownoftheirforesthomes.SometimeagoIfoundinmyletterboxalittlemagazinefromtheWorldWideFundforNaturE.IthadtwophotossidebysidE.OnewasofayounggorillA.Thisisaspeciesofmammal哺乳类动物saidthewordsbelowit.Itisbeingdestroyedbyman.WemustsaveitforourowngooD.Theotherphotoshowedahumanbaby.ThewordsalsoreadThisisaspeciesofmammalbutthenwenton:Itisthemostdestructive破坏性的onearth.WemustretrainitforitsowngooD.Thetextmainlytalksabout_____.A.DianeFosseyB.thegorillasinRwandaC.theprotectionofthegorillasD.thefilmGorillasintheMistWecanlearnfromthetextthat_____.A.GorillasinthemistwasbasedFossey’sexperiencesB.LowlandgorillaslivelongerthanmountaingorillasC.KingKongshowedusthatagorillaisadmirableD.DianeFosseywasmurderedbyagorillaWhatmessagecanwegetfromthetwophotosinthemagazine?A.Gorillasareman’sclosefriends.B.BothmanandthegorillaneedtobesaveD.C.Younggorillasareaslovelyashumanbabies.D.ManshouldlivepeacefullywiththegorillA.
ThePepperedMothakindofinsectisfoundinEnglanD.Itislightbrownincolorandlikestosettleontreeswhicharealsolightbrown.Thismakesthemothdifficulttobeseenandbirdsarelesslikelytonoticeandeatit.ButwiththedevelopmentofindustrysmokefromfactoriesbegantoreachthetreeswherethemothsettleD.Itmadethetreesblacker.Thensomethingverystrangetookplace:inindustrialareasthePepperedMothbegantochangecolor.Itbecamedarkeraswell.Althoughthechangetookseveralyearssomescientistssoonnoticedthatnewly-bornmothswerealittledarkerthanusual.A.scientistcalledKettleWelldecidedtomakeacarefulstudyofthis.HemarkedsomeofthelightmothsandsomeofthedarkeronesandsetthemfreeinthewoodsnearBirminghamanindustrialcity.LaterheretargetasmanythemarkedmothsaspossibleTheresultwasgiveninthechart.KettleWell’sresearchwasdoneintheearly1950s.SoonafterwardsBritainintroducednewlawstoreducesmokeandfactorypollution.CanyouimaginewhatwouldhappentothePepperedMothastheairbecamecleaneragain?lightmothsdarkermothsMothssetfree201601Mothsrecaught3416%20634%1.ThetreeswherethePepperedMothsettledchangedtheircolorbecause_____________________________.A.thePepperedMothchangeditscolorB.thePepperedMothcouldn’tbeeasilyfoundonthemC.industryinEnglanddevelopedquicklyD.thesmokefromfactoriespollutedthem2.ThePepperedMothbegantochangeitscolorinindustrialareasbecause_____________________________.A.itchangeditscolorallthetimeB.itwasfondofthecolorofitslivingplaceC.ithadtoprotectitselfbydoingsoD.itwasaspecialsortofinsect3.FromtheresultsofKettleWell’sresearchwecanseethat_________________.A.manymoreofthelightmothswerekilledoreatenB.morethanone-fifthofthelightmothsescapedbeingkilledC.threetimesasmanydarkmothswerekeptsafeaslightonesD.moredarkmothswerekilledinindustrialareas4.KettleWell’sworkgivesusagoodexampleof_________________________.A.AirPollutionB.ChoiceofColorC.LawsofNatureD.ChangingInsects5.Astheairbecamecleaner_________________________.A.thenumberofthelightmothsincreasedB.thetotalnumberofthelightmothsremainedunchangedC.moreofthedarkermothswouldberecaughtD.thedarkermothschangedintothelightonesbeforelong
CWithsmartphonestakingtheworldbyStormaphonethatCanonlysendandreceivevoicecallsandtextmessagesmayseemlikearelicfromabygoneagE.YetinEastAfricasimplephoneslikethesearechangingthefaceoftheeconomythankstothemobilemoneyservicesthatarespreadingacrosstheregion.Usilngthetext-messagingfunctionbuiltintotheGSMsystem全球通usedbymostcellphonenetworkstheseservicesallowpeoplewithoutabankaccountorcreditcardtousetheirphoneasanelectronicwalletthatcanbeusedtostorE.sendorreceivecash.Itworkslikethisyoupaycashtoyourlocalagentwhothentopsupyourmobilemoneyaccountusingasecureformoftextmessaging.Thatmoneycanbetransferred转账toanotherpersonbysendingamessagetotheircellphoneaccount.ForsomethesystemisalifelinE.IfIdidnthavemymobilephonE.1wouldbeverypoorsaysNeyasseNeemuramotheroffourchildrenwholivesinnorthernKenyA.NowIcansellfish.NeemurtookupfishinginJulylastyearbutmakingmoneyfromitwasalittletrickyespeciallyasTurkanapeopledonotusuallyeatfish.AtruckfromEthiopiatoTanzaniapassesthroughhervillageonceaweekandshearrangedtohavethedrivertransportthefishseveralhundredkilometressouthtomarketinKisumu.whererelativessellthefish.Igetthemoneytransferimmediately.saysNeemur.ThenIcanpayformychildrentogotoschoolandforvegetablesandbeanssheaddssoIdon’tneedtoeatfish.AccordingtotheCentralBankofKenyapaymentswortharoundlbillionKenyanshillings$13millionperdayweretransferredthroughKenyasmobilemoneysystemsin2009equallingthecountryscreditcardtransactions业务.Thebankexpectsmobilemoneytransferstoovertakecreditcardsin2010.49.InParagraphltheauthorusessimplephonesto________.A.makeacomparisonB.introduceatopicC.describeasceneD.offeranargument50.WhatcanwelearnaboutthesimplephonesinEastAfrica?A.Theymighthelpthelocalpeopleapplyforabankaccount.B.TheywillreplacethebankscompletelyinthenearfuturE.C.Theyprovideasafemeansforthelocalstodobusiness.D.Theycandonothingexceptsendandreceivecallsormessages.51.Theworditinthethirdparagraphrefersto_______.A.theGSMsystemB.themobilemoneyserviceC.thecreditcardserviceD.thecellphonenetworks52.ThestoryofNeyasseNeemursuggeststhat_______.A.themobilemoneyserviceplaysakeyroteinthelocalslifeB.NeemuruseshermobilephonetocontacthercustomersC.herrelativestricksTurkanapeopletoeatthefishtheysellD.theBankofKenyahelpsherimproveherlivingcondition
SesameStreethasbeencalledthelongeststreetintheworld.ThatisbecausethetelevisionprogrambythatnamecannowbeseeninsomanypartsoftheworlD.ThatprogrambecameoneofAmerican’sexportssoonafteritwentontheairinNewYorkin1969.IntheUnitedStatesmorethansixmillionchildrenwatchtheprogramregularly.Theviewersincludemorethanhalfthenation’spre-schoolchildrenfromeverykindofeconomic经济的racial种族的andgeographicalgroup.Althoughsomeeducatorsobjecttocertainelementsintheprogramparentspraiseithighly.ManyteachersalsoconsideritagreathelpthoughsometeachersfindthatproblemsarisewhenfirstgraderswhohavelearnedfromSesameStreetareinthesameclasswithchildrenwhohavenotwatchedtheprogram.Testshaveshownthatchildrenfromallracialgeographicalandeconomicbackgroundshavebenefitedfromwatchingit.Thosewhowatchitfivetimesaweeklearnmorethanoccasional偶然的viewers.IntheUStheprogramisshownatdifferenthoursduringtheweekinordertoincreasethenumberofchildrenwhocanwatchitregularly.Theprogramsallusesongsstoriesjokesandpicturestogivechildrenabasicunderstandingofnumberslettersandhumanrelationships.Buttherearesomedifferences.ForexampletheSpanishprogramproducedinMexicoCitydevotesmoretimetoteachingwholewordsthantoteachingseparateletters.WhyhasSesameStreetbeensomuchmoresuccessfulthanotherchildren’sshows?ManyreasonshavebeensuggesteD.Peoplementiontheeducationaltheories理论ofitscreatorsthesupportbythegovernmentandprivate私人的businessesandtheskillfuluseofavarietyofTVtricks.Perhapsanequallyimportantreasonisthatmotherswatchitalongwiththeirchildren.Thisispartlybecausefamousadultstarsoftenappearonit.Butthebestreasonforthesuccessoftheprogrammaybethatitmakeseverychildwatchingfeelabletolearn.ThechildfindshimselflearningandhewantstolearnmorE.SesameStreetisactually_______.A.astreetintheUSB.aprogramforchildrenC.aprogramforteachersD.aprogramforstudentsChildrenwhooftenwatchtheprogram_______.A.canhaveproblemsinschoolB.willfinditagreathelpC.willtakenointerestintheirstudiesD.willbewelleducatedWhatisspecialabouttheprogram?A.Itoffersgreatfun.B.Itmakeschildrenfeelabletolearn.C.Itisshownatdifferenthoursduringtheweek.D.Childrenlearnandenjoythemselveswhilewatching.WhyisSesameStreetsopopularintheworld?A.Becauseitissupportedbythegovernmentandbusinesses.B.Becauseitusesavarietyofskillfultricks.C.Becausemotherswatchitalongwiththeirchildren.D.Becauseitmakeseverychildwatchingitfeelabletolearn.Thebesttitleforthispassagecanbe_______.A.TVProgramsB.EducatingChildrenC.SesameStreetD.A.GreatSuccess
Around500000yearsagoatthePekingManSiteatZhoukoudianinBeijing’ssuburbanFangshandistrictwhichisabout50kmfromthecityofBeijingtherelivedearlyhumanbeingssaysaChinahistorytextbook.ThetextbooknowhastobereviseD.NewdatingtechniquessuggesttheremainsofPekingMan---foundinthe1920s---areover200000yearsolderthanpreviouslythought.What’simportantaboutthatdateabout770000agoisthatthiswasaniceageonEarth.OverEarth’slonghistorytherehavebeenanumberoftimeswheniceandsnowcoveredalargepartofitssurfacE.Suchperiodsareknownasiceages.Earthisinaniceagenow.Itstartedabout2millionyearsago.Despitethemanywarmperiodssincethenscientistsregardthewholetimeasoneiceagebecauseofthecontinuousexistenceofatleastonelargeicesheet---theoneoverAntarcticA.ThenewdiscoverywasmadebyChineseandUSscientists.ItsuggestsPekingManisprobablyouroldestcoldweatherhumanbeingsaidDarrylGrangeranatmosphericscientistatPurdueUniversitywhoseresearchappearsinThursday’seditionofthejournalNaturE.TheaverageyearlytemperatureatthetimeinthatpartofChinawasaroundthefreezingmarkbutitwastoodryforanicesheetGrangersaiD.Thisraisesaquestion.HowdidPekingMansurvivethecoldweather?RickPottsaSmithsonianInstitutionhumanoriginsexpertwhowasn’tinvolvedintheresearchraisedthreepossibilities:FirstfirE.EarlyfindingsshowedsignsofafireinPekingMan’scavE.ButtherehasbeendebateaboutwhetherthefirewasaccidentalorcontrolleD.Secondfur.ThereisnoevidencethatPekingManusedsimpletoolstomakemoreform-fittingclothesit’smorelikelyheworeanimalfur.LastlyhemayhavedevelopedgraduallytohandlethecolD.PekingManmayhaveexperiencedphysiologicalchangesthatallowedmorebloodtoflowtohishandsandlegsPottssaiD.PeopleingeneralwholiveincolderclimatestendtobeshorterandwiderheexplaineD.UnlikethetimesofPekingMantodaytheglobaltemperatureisrisingduetothegreenhouseeffect.InthefuturecouldhumansdeveloptohandlethewarmthjustasPekingMandidtofightthecold?72.AccordingtothenewresearchPekingManactuallydatesbackto_______.A.around500000yearsagoB.over200000yearsC.about770000yearsagoD.about2millionyearsago73.Whatisthemostimportantstandardforscientiststodecideaniceage?A.Theweatherconditions.B.Thecontinuousexistenceofanylargeicesheets.C.TheaverageyearlytemperatureD.Thelongperiodofsnowfall74.WhichofthefollowingistrueofPekingMan?A.HeistheoldesthumanbeingB.HeusedfiretokeepwarmC.Heworeform-fittingclothesmadefromfurwithsimpletools.D.Hemighthavebeenshorterandwiderthanpreviouslythought.75.ThefollowingareallthepossibilitiesEXCEPT_______thatthePekingMansurvivedthecoldweather.A.puttinguptentstokeepthecoldoutB.wearinganimalfurC.usingfireintheircaveD.developinggraduallytohandlethecolD.
Animalscanmovefromplacetoplacebutplantscannot.Whenananimalisunderattackitcanrunawayorfightback.Plantscertainlycannotrunawayandtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexampletheleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines刺thatdiscouragegrass-eatinganimals.Hollyleavesonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplantssuchastheoaktreehavethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassesmaycontainasandymaterial;eatingsuchgrasseswearsdowntheanimal’steeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar毛虫bitesatobaccoleaftheleafproducesachemicalmessenger.ThismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotinE.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.A.certainplantinChinaforinstancehasprickly多刺的leavesandeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom毒液.A.singleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuturE.67.Thehollyplanthasmorespinesonthelowerleavesbecausemostanimals________.A.arenottallenoughB.likethelowerleavesonlyC.arenotcleverenoughD.cangetthelowerleaveseasily68.Todefendthemselvesoaktreesuse________.A.chemicalmeansB.physicalmeansC.bitterchemicalsD.sandymaterials69.Howdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?A.Itsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.B.Itsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.C.ItsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattackeD.D.Itsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodrivethecaterpillaraway.70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.PlantsandAnimalsB.HowPlantsDefendThemselvesC.AttacksandDefensesD.HowAnimalsEatPlantLeaves
①It’slaughablyabsurdononeblogandamagicalrevolutiononanother.Bloggersaretalkingaboutthesamedevice—theAppleiPadwhichhitstoreshelveslastweek.②Tech-headshatetheiPadbecauseithasmanyfunctions—youcane-mailbrowsetheWebreadbooks—butithasnospecialty.Thereareotherdevicesonthemarketthatdoallitsfunctionsfastercheaperandmoreefficiently.GetaBlackberrytoscane-mailsoranyoldlaptoptoaccesstheInternet.③ThisfirstversionoftheiPadlacksmanybasicfeatures.Tech-headsdislikethedevicenotbecauseofwhatitoffersbutbecauseofwhatitdoesn’toffer.Itdoesn’thaveFlashanditdoesn’thaveacamerA.Itcan’taccessmanyoftheworld’smobileapplicationsandithasaveryrestrictedapplestorE.BasedonpurelytechnologicalgroundstheiPadissaidtolackmorethanitgives.④Butifyouarenotacrazytech-headandyoulovetheiPodandiPhonethisdeviceisforyousaidSteveJobsApple’sCEO.TheiPadwilltakeonlineactivitiestrulymobilE.Itwillallowyoutoreadthenewsinbedcheckarecipeinabusykitchenorviewalarge-scaleGooglemap.⑤PerhapsmostimportanttothemassesitisatraditionalcomputerwithouttroublE.Therearewirelessbutit’stotallymobilE.Youpressabuttonanditcomesoninseconds.ToaddaprogramyoujustdownloaditfromtheInternet.Sincealmosteveryoneusesacomputerintheofficeoratschooltheneedforthetraditionaldesktopmodelathomeisdisappearing.SlateMagazine’sFarhadManjoocallstheiPadtheperfectalternativetothehomecomputersystem.⑥ButnomatterhowyoufeelabouttheiPadasatech-headoraneverymanthere’snoarguingwithitsappeal.LoveitorhateittheiPadsoldover600000unitsonitsopeningweekendsurpassingtheiPhone’srecordsalesin2007.61.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LovingandhatingtheiPadB.AnexcitinginventionC.AhomecomputersubstituteD.TheiPad—awisechoice62.AccordingtothetextwhichofthefollowingisNottrueoftheiPad?A.ItcanaccesstheInternet.B.ItiswirelessbutportablE.C.Itcanplayanyonlinevideo.D.Itcanhelpyouscane-mail.63.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthetext?64.FarhadManjoo’sattitudetowardstheiPadmightbethatof______.A.doubtB.unconcernC.sympathyD.support65.Tech-headsdisliketheiPadbecauseof______.A.itsafter-saleservicesB.itshighpriceC.itsfunctionshortagesD.itsslowspeed
CSometimeswecrybecausewearesadandsometimesbecauseweareextremelyhappy.Anirritant刺激物suchasonion洋葱smellorgrainsofsandintheeyecanalsomakecry.InthiscasetearsperformanobviousroleingettingridofsubstancesthatmightharmthesurfaceoftheeyE.Dr.WilliamFreyoftheDryEyeandTearResearchCenteratSt.PaulinMinnesotaUSAbelievesthattearsfromemotionalcausesmayperformasimilarrolE.Hethinksthatcryingcouldgetridofemotionalstressbywashingawayachemicalinthebloodcausedbystrongemotions.Toprovehistheoryhehopesfirsttoidentifythischemicalandthenseeifitisfoundintearsofsadnessorhappiness.SofarDr.FreyhasfailedtofindoutthedifferencebetweenemotionaltearsandtearscausedbyanirritantintheeyE.Thismaybebecausethesesubstancesthemselvescauseadegreeofstressandemotion.Whathehasidentifiedinalltearsisavarietyofbiochemicals生化物whichareoneofthecausesofstress.Amoredetailedstudymayhelpusunderstandwhysufferersfromstress-relateddisorderscrylessoftenthanhealthypeoplE.Dr.Freyisalsoveryinterestedtoseeifthereareanyphysiological生理学的explanationsforwhywomeningeneralcryfivetimesmoreoftenthanmenonaveragE.64.ThemainpurposeofDr.Frey’sstudyoftearsistoA.showthattherearetwotypesoftearscausedbyirritantsandbyemotionsB.findoutthecauseofstress-relatedproblemsandemotionaldisordersC.explainwhywomencrymoreoftenthanmenD.provethattearscanremoveachemicalinthebloodcausedbystrongemotions65.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Tearsfailtohelpgetridofemotionalstress.B.Irritantsintheeyeresultintearswithoutcausingstressandemotion.C.Healthypeoplecrymoreoftenthanthosewithstress-relatedproblems.D.ThebiochemicalidentifiedbyDr.Freyhasnothingtodowithstress.66.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat__________.A.cryingdoesusmoreharmthangoodB.innerfeelingsdon’taffectourbodiesC.sorrowmaycausesomechemicalsinourbloodD.emotionaltearsaredifferentfromtearscausedbyirritantsintheeye67.Dr.Freybelievesthattearsfromemotionalcausesmayplayaroleingettingridof______.A.emotionalstressbywashingawayachemicalinthebloodB.onionsmellorgrainsofsandC.sufferingsfromirritantsD.substancesthatmightnotharmthesurfaceoftheeye
TheAntarcticaisactuallyadesert.TheAntarcticaisallicealltheyear.ThewarmesttemperatureeverrecordedthereiszeroattheSouthPolE.Explorers探险家usedtothinkthataplacesocoldwouldhaveaheavysnowfall.Butlessthanteninchesofsnowfallseachyear.Thatislessthanhalfaninchofwater.Tentimesthatmuchmoisture水分fallsinpartsoftheSaharA.ThelittlesnowthatfallsinAntarcticanevermelts融化.Itcontinuestopileupdeeperanddeeperyearafteryearandcenturyaftercentury.Whenthesnowgetstobeabouteightyfeetdeepitisturnedtoicebytheweightofthesnowaboveit.1.Antarcticaiscalledadesertbecauseit_____.A.issandyB.hasthesametemperatureasadesertC.haslittlemoistureD.alloftheabove2.TheAntarcticahas_____.A.tentimesasmuchmoistureastheSaharaB.thesameamountofmoistureastheSaharaC.aboutone-tenththemoistureoftheSaharaD.noneofthese3.ThesnowinAntarcticaisverydeepbecauseit_____.A.neverstopsfallingB.pilesupyearafteryearC.nevermeltsD.BothB.andC4.Thebesttitleforthispassageis_____A.A.StrangeContinentB.TheAntarctica—AnIceDesertC.SnowfallattheSouthPoleD.TheWorld’sGreatestDesert
A.devicethatstopsdriversformfallingasleepatthewheelisabouttoundergotestingatDepartmentofTransportlaboratoriesandcouldgoonsalewithin12months.ThesystemcalledDriverAlertaimstoreducedeadlyroadaccidentsby20%-40%thatarecausedbytiredness.Airlinepilotscanalsouseittoreducethe30%ofallpilot-erroraccidentsthatarerelatedtofatiguE.DriverAlertisbasedonacomputerizedwristbanD.Thedevicewornbydriversorpilotsgivesoutasoundabouteveryfourminutesduringacarjourney.Aftereachsoundthedrivermustrespondbysqueezingthesteeringwheel方向盘.A.sensorinthewristbanddetectsthispressingactionandmeasuresthetimebetweenthesoundthedriver’sresponsE.Tirednessisdirectlyrelatedtoadriver’sresponsetimE.Usuallyawatchfuldriverwouldtakeabout400millisecondstorespondbutoncethatfallstomorethan500millisecondsitsuggeststhatthedriverisgettingsleepy.Insuchcasesthedevicegivesoutmoreregularandloudersoundsshowingthatthedrivershouldopenawindoworstopforarest.Ifthedriver’sresponsecontinuestoslowdownthesoundsbecomemorefrequentuntilanonstopalarmwarnsthatthedrivermuststopassoonaspossiblE.Thedevicehasbeendeliveredtothedepartment’slaboratoriesfortesting.Ifthesetestsscheduledforsixmonths’timearesuccessfulthemakerswillbringtheproducttomarketwithinaboutayear.AccordingtothetextDriverAlert______.A.aimstoreducetiredness-relatedaccidentsB.hasgonethroughtestingatlaboratoriesC.aimstopreventdriversformsleepingD.hasbeenonsalefor12monthsHowshouldadriverrespondtothesoundsfromDriverAlert?A.Bysoundingawarning.B.BytouchingthewristbanD.C.BycheckingthedrivingtimE.D.Bypressingthesteeringwheel.Wecanlearnformthetextthatthedriverneedstostopforabreakwhenhisresponsetimeis______.A.about400millisecondsB.below500millisecondsC.over500millisecondsD.about4minutesWhenthedrivergetssleepywhiledrivingDriverAlert______.A.movesmoreregularlyB.stopsworkingproperlyC.opensthewindowforthedriverD.soundsmorefrequentlyandloudly
阅读下面短文简要回答问题BaloneyisakindofsausagethatmanyAmericanseatoften.ThewordalsohasanothermeaninginEnglish.Itisusedtodescribesomething—usuallysomethingsomeonesays—thatisfalseorwrongorfoolish.BaloneysausagecomesfromthenameoftheItaliancityBolognA.Thecityisfamousforitssausageamixtureofsmokedspicedmeatfromcowsandpigs.ButboloneysausagedoesnottastethesameasbeeforporkalonE.Somelanguageexpertsthinkthisdifferenttasteisresponsibleforthebirthoftheexpressionbaloney.Baloneyisanideaorstatementthatisnothinglikethetruth...inthesamewaythatbaloneysausagetastesnothinglikethemeatthatisusedtomakeit.Baloneyisawordoftenusedbypoliticianstodescribetheideasoftheiropponents.Theexpressionhasbeenusedforyears.FiftyyearsagoaformergovernorofNewYorkStateAlfredSmithcriticizedsomeclaimsbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltaboutthesuccessesoftheRooseveltadministration.SmithsaidNomatterhowthinyousliceititisstillbaloney.A.similarwordhasalmostthesamemeaningasbaloney.ItevensoundsalmostthesamE.Thewordisblarney.ItbeganinIrelandabout1600.ThelordofBlarneycastlenearCorkagreedtosurrenderthecastletoBritishtroops.Buthekeptmakingexcusesforpostponingthesurrender.Andhemadethemsoundlikeverygoodexcusesthisisjustmoreofthesameblarney.TheIrishcastlenowisfamousforitsBlarneystonE.Kissingthestoneisthoughttogiveapersonspecialpowersofspeech.OnewhohaskissedtheBlarneystonesothestorygoescanspeakwordsofpraisesosmoothlyandsweetlythatyoubelievethemevenwhenyouknowtheyarefalsE.73.Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordbaloney.74.AccordingtoAmericanswhatdoesbaloneyreferto?回答词数不超过8个75.WhatdoyouknowaboutthelordofBlarneycastlenearCork?回答词数不超过6个
Doyouknowwhydifferentanimalsorpests昆虫havetheirspecialcolors?Colorsinthemseemtobeusedmainlytoprotectthemselves.Somebirdslikeeatinglocusts蝗虫butbirdscannoteasilycatchthem.Why?Itisbecauselocustschangetheircolorstogetherwiththechangeofthecolorsofcrops庄稼.Whencropsaregreenlocustslookgreen.ButastheharvesttimecomeslocustschangetothesamebrowncolorascropshavE.Someotherpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantsareeasilyfoundandeatenbyothers.Sotheyhavetohidethemselvesforlivesandappearonlyatnight.Ifyoustudytheanimallifeyou’llfindthemainuseofcoloringistoprotectthemselves.Bearslionsandotheranimalsmovequietlythroughforests.Theycannotbeeasilyseenbyhunters猎人.Thisisbecausetheyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetrees.Haveyouevernoticedanevenstrangeract?A.kindoffishintheseacansendoutakindofveryblackliquid液体whenitfacesdanger.Whiletheliquidspreadsover散开itsenemies敌人cannotfindit.Anditimmediatelyswimsaway.Soithasliveduptonowthoughitisnotstrongatall.36.Fromthepassagewelearnthatlocusts________.A.aresmallanimalsB.areeasilyfoundbybirdsC.aredangeroustotheirenemiesD.changetheircolorstoprotectthemselves37.Howcanpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantskeepoutofdanger?A.Theyrunawayquickly.B.Theyhavethecolorsmuchliketheirenemies.C.Theyhidethemselvesbydayandappearatnight.D.Theyhavetomovequietly.38.Bearsandlionscankeepsafebecause_________.A.theyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetreesB.theymovequietlyC.theylikebrownandgraycolorsD.theyliveinforests39.Whycanthekindoffishliveuptonow?A.Becauseitisveryandstrong.B.Becausetheliquiditsendsoutcanhelpitescapefromitsenemies.C.Becausetheliquiditsendsoutcankillitsenemies.D.Becauseitswimsfasterthananyotherfish.40.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheChangeofColorsforAnimalsandPestsB.ColorsofDifferentAnimalsandPestsC.TheMainUseofColorsforAnimalsandPestsD.SomeAnimalsandPests
Cloningissuggestedasameansofbringingbackarelativeusuallyachildkilledtragically.SomeparentscanunderstandthatwishbutitmustfirstberecognizedthatthecopywouldbeanewbabyandnotthelostchilD.HereliesthedifficultyforthesadparentsareseekingnotanewbabybutareturnofthedeadonE.Sincetheoriginalwouldbefondlyrememberedashavingparticulartalentsandinterestswouldnottheparentsexpectthecopytobethesame?Itispossiblehoweverthatthecopywoulddevelopquitedifferently.Isitfairtothenewchildtobeplacedinafamilywithsuchunnaturalexpectations?Copyingisalsosuggestedasameansbywhichparentscanhavethechildoftheirdreams.Couplesmightchoosetohaveacopyofafilmstarbaseballplayerorscientistdependingontheirinterest.Butbecausepersonalityisonlypartlytheresultofgeneticinheritance遗传conflictswouldbesuretoariseiftheclonedchildfailedtodevelopthesameinterestsastheoriginal.WhatifthecopyofEinsteinshowsnointerestinscience?Orthebaseballplayerturnstoacting?SuccessalsodependsuponfortunE.Whatifthechilddoesnotliveuptothehopesanddreamsoftheparentssimplybecauseofbadluck?Everychildshouldbewantedforitselfasanindividual.Inmakingacopyofoneselforsomefamouspersonaparentisdeliberately深思熟虑地specifying详细说明thewayheorshewishesthatchildtodevelop.InrecentyearsparticularlyintheU.S.muchimportancehasbeenplacedontherightofindividualstoreproduceinwaysthattheywish.SoIsuggestthereisagreaterneedtoconsidertheinterestsofthechildandtorejecttheseproposedusesofcloning.40.Whathappenstoparentsincloningalostchild?A.Parentsexpecttoomuchfromthecopy.B.Parentsmaygetaquitedifferentcopy.C.Parentsaresuretohaveanidenticalcopy.D.ParentslosethetalentsofthelostchilD.41.Whatintheauthor’sopinionaffectsthesuccessofparents’dreams?A.Theclonedchild’sinterestinEinstein.B.Theclonedchild’snaturaltalent.C.Theclonedchild’spersonality.D.Theeffortsoftheparents.42.Inthethirdparagraphtheauthorimpliesthat______.A.theclonedchildisviewedasindependentB.therightofgrowinginhisownwayistakenawayfromtheclonedchildC.parentscarefullyprotecttherightsoftheclonedchildD.parentsareeagertowishtheclonedchildtobesomebody.43.Inthispassagetheauthorismainlyconcernedabout______.A.thefutureofaclonedchildB.thepossibilityofcloningpeopleC.theimportanceofcloningalostchildD.theproblemsofcloninglife
Itisnotunusualtoseeyourdesk-mateyawn打呵欠ashecomplainsthathedidn'thaveagoodsleepthenightbeforE.Manyteensdon'tgetenoughsleepbecausetheyhavetoomuchhomeworkwhichkeepsthemupatnight.Someteenscannotsleepatnightevenwhentheywantto.Studiesshowthatduringyourteenageyearsthebody'sbiologicalclockisresettellingyoutosleeplateratnightandwakeuplaterinthemorning.Butchangesinthebodyclockaren'ttheonlyreasonteenslosesleep.Lotsofpeoplehaveinsomnia失眠.Themostcommoncauseofinsomniaisstress.ButallsortsofthingscanleadtoinsomniA.Theseincludephysicaldiscomfortemotionaltroublesandevensleepingenvironment.It'scommonforeveryonetohaveinsomniafromtimetotimE.Butifitlastsforamonthormoregoandseeadoctor.Somepeoplehaveaconditionthatcausesstomachacid酸tomovebackwardtowardsthechest.Thisproducestheuncomfortableburningfeelingcalledheartburn.Soevenifthepersondoesn'tnoticethefeelingsofheartburnbecauseheissleepinghemayfeeltiredthenextday.Mostteenshavenightmaressometimes.Butiftheyarefrequentaperson'ssleeppatterncanbeseriouslyaffecteD.Themostcommoncauseofnightmaresisemotionalproblemssuchasstress压力oranxiety.Ifyouhavethemalotit'sagoodideatotalktoadoctor.Doctorsencourageteenstomakelifestylechangestodevelopgoodsleepinghabits.YouprobablyknowthatcoffeecankeepyouawakebutdidyouknowthatplayingvideogamesorwatchingTVdoesthesame?1.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphis________.A.Thereisaproblemthatteenagerscan’tgetenoughsleep.B.Sleepingproblemshavedifferentcauses.C.Yawningisagoodwaytogetridofsleep.D.Teenagerscaretoomuchforhomework.2.TheTeenagers’biologicalclock________.A.easilymakesteenagersleadtoinsomniaB.istheoriginoftheirinsomniaC.providesthemwithplentyoftimeatnightD.ishelpfultoimprovetheirconcentration注意力3.Whatdoesthewritersayaboutnightmares?A.Itisnothingandshouldn’tbetakenseriously.B.Itcanreleasetheirstressoranxiety.C.Emotionalproblemsaretheonlywaytoformnightmares.D.Peoplewillsufferfromsleepiffrequent.4.Whichwaycanhelptogetridofinsomnia?A.DrinkingsomecoffeebeforegoingtobeD.B.PlayingvideogameorwatchingTVfromtimetotimE.C.Turningtoadoctorforhelp.D.EatingmuchmedicineforinsomniA.
Haveyouevernoticedthecolourofthewaterinariverorstreamafteraheavyrainfall?Whatdoyouthinkcausedthischangeincolour?Itissoilthathasbeenwashedintotheriverfromtheriverbankorfromt}lenearbyfields.ComponentsofSoftSoilismadeupofanumberoflayers层eachhavingitsowndistinctivecolourandtexturE.Theupperlayerisknownasthelitter.Itactslikeablanket.limitingtemperaturechangesandreducingwaterloss.Thetopsoillayerismadeupofsmallparticlesofrockmixedwithrottenplantandanimalmattercalledhumus腐殖质whichisblackandgivesthetopsoilitsdarkcolour.Thislayerisusuallyrichinnutrientsoxygenandwater.Belowthetopsoilisthesubsoilalayerthatcontainsmorestonesmixedwithonlysmallamountsoforganicmatter.Thislayerislighterincolourbecauseofthelackofhumus.Beneaththesoilliesalayerofbedrock.Soilformsfromthebottomup.Overtimebedrockisattackedbyrainwindfrostandsnow.Itisgraduallybrokendownintosmallerparticlesinaprocesscalledweathering.Plantsbegintogrowandrottenmaterialsenrichthetopsoil.MostofthesoilinEasternCanadA.forexamplE.Wasformedfromweatheredrockthatwasexposedwhentheicedisappearedl2.000yearsag0.WaterBeneaththeSoilSurfacewatercollectsandflowsabovethegroundinlakes.ponds.andrivers.Onceinthesoilorrockitiscalledgroundwater.Gravitypullsgroundwaterthroughthesoilinaprocesscalledpercolation渗透.EventuallythewaterreachesalayercalledthewatertablE.UnderthisisbedrockthroughwhichwatercannotpercolatE.Aswaterpercolatesdownwarditdissolvesorganicmatterandmineralsfromthesoilandcarriesthemtodeeperlayers.Thiscausesaseriousproblembecauseplantsrequirethesenutrientsforgrowth.SoilpHSoilcanbeacidiC.neutral.orbasiC.ThepHofthesoilisdeterminedbythenatureoftherockfromwhichitwasformeD.andbythenatureoft}leplantsthatgrowandrotinit.TheacidityofrainandsnowcanlowerthepHofthegroundwaterthatentersthesoil.Byburningfossilfuelssuchascoaloilandgasolinehumanshavebeencontributingtohigherlevelsofacidityinmanysoils.WhenfossilfuelsareburneD.gasesarereleasedintotheairandthenfallbacktoearthasacidrain.Acidsoilincreases出eproblemofcarryingnutrientstolowersoillevels.AsnutrientsareremovedsoilislessfertilE.Plantsgrowmoreslowlyinacidicsoilandalsobecomeeasilyattackedbydiseases.67.ThelayerofsoilthatprovidesnecessarynutrientsforplantgrowthiscalleD.A.1itterB.topsoilC.humusD.subsoil68.Accordingtothetext.whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.SoilformsfromweatheredrockontheearthsurfacE.B.Thedeeperlayerofsoilisdarkerincolourthant}lesurfacesoil.C.Airpollutionispartiallyresponsibleforacidsoil.D.Groundwatertendstocarryawaynutrientsforplantgrowth.69.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewatertablelies.A.betweenthetopsoillayerandthesubsoillayerB.inthesubsoillayerabovebedrockC.betweenthesubsoillayerandbedrockD.inthebedrocklayerbeneaththesubsoil70.Theunderlinedworddissolveisusedtoexpresstheideathatorganicmatterandmineralsfromsoilare.A.rushedawayintotheriverB.cleanedandpurifiedbywaterC.destroyedandcarriedawaybywaterD.mixedwithwaterandbecomepartofit
CCanyouimagineacatfishbiggerthanaboy?Therearemorethan1000kindsofcatfish28speciesarefoundintheUnitedStates'lakesandrivers.Thishugefamilyhassomemightystrangemembers.Let'smeetafew.Walkingcatfish.Nature'sfeistylittlecatfishfoundinsouthernFloridahasanextralungforbreathingondrylanD.Whenitsswimmingholedriesupthewalkingcatfishwaddlesonstiffforwardfinsinsearchofanotherlakeorstream.Ifanenemyattacksthefishflares展开itstopandfrontfinsandleapsattheattackertoscareitoff.Armoredcatfish.Thiscatfishhasheavybonyplatesprotectingitsbody.TheshellmakesthefishdifficulttobonE.TocookitthrowthefishwholeintoafirE.Whenitisdonebreakitopenforeating.SomearmoredcatfisharefoundinFloridabutthe100-poundersliveinSouthAmericA.Roundingoutthefamilyofstrangecatfisharetalkingcatfishwhichmakegrowingsoundwhenyoupullthemfromthewaterclimbingcatfishwhichmovequicklyupshorebrushinsearchoffoodelectriccatfishwhichcandeliveramildshockandblindcatfishwhichsettleintheinkyblacknessofunderwatercaves.Blindcatfishfindfoodthroughtastebudsintheireightwhiskers须.Mostcatfishhavefourwhiskersontheupperjawandfouronthelowerjaw.Sensoryholesonthesewhiskershelpthefishsmellandtastefoodeveninthemuddiestofwater.TheUnitedStatesdoesnothavecatfishanywherenearthesizeofthoseinSouthAmericA.ButinsomelargeU.Sriversblueandflatheadcattiesdotop100pounds.MostofthecatfishyouarelikelytocatchwillbemuchsmalleraboutfryingpansizE.Whenyoucatchonerememberthatthetopfinsandtheforwardfinshavepoisonglands腺attheirbases.Theycangiveyoupainfulwounds63.Thepurposeofthepassageisto___________.A.encouragereaderstogofishingforcatfishB.informreadersoftheworld'slargestcatfishC.describetheunusualcharacteristicsofcatfishD.explaindifferentwaystocatchavarietyofcatfish64.TheauthortalksaboutthewayofcookinganarmoredcatfishtoshowthatA.ithasheavyandbonyplatesB.it'shardtocookandeatC.ithastoomanybonesD.it'spoisonousinside65.WhichisNOTmentionedaboutcatfishinthepassage?A.Itseatinghabits.B.Itslivingconditions.C.Itswhiskers.D.Itssize66.Whatmaybecontinuedinthelastparagraph?A.Theauthor'sloveforcatfish.B.Whereelsetocatchacatfish.C.TheoriginofthenamecatfishD.Thesafestwaytohandlecatfish
Intheatmospherecarbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirrorortheglassintheroofofagreenhousewhichallowsthesun'sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.Accordingtoaweatherexpert'spredictiontheatmospherewillbe3℃warmerintheyear2050thanitistodayifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentratE.Ifthiswarminguptookplacetheicecapsinthepoleswouldbegintomeltthusraisingsealevelseveralmetresandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Alsotheincreaseinatmospherictemperaturewouldleadtogreatchangesintheclimateofthenorthernhemisphere北半球possiblyresultinginanalterationoftheearth'schieffoodgrowingzones.Inthepastconcernaboutaman-madewarmingoftheearthhasconcentratedontheArcticbecausetheAntarcticismuchcolderandhasamuchthickericesheet.ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarcticwhichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarminginotherwordsbyawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.SatellitepicturesshowthatlargeareasofAntarcticicearealreadydisappearing.TheevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplacE.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.Howevermostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemispherewheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.Scientistsconcludethereforethatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhavegonebeyondthosecausedbyman.Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun.Astronomersatoneresearchstationhavestudiedthehotspotsandcoldspotsthatistherelativelylesshotspotsonthesun.Asthesunrotates使旋转every27.5daysitpresentshotterorcolderfacestotheearthanddifferentaspectstodifferentpartsoftheearth.Thisseemstohaveaconsiderableeffectonthedistributionoftheearth'satmosphericpressureandconsequentlyonwindcirculation.Thesunisalsochangeableoveralongterm:itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincyclesthelatesttrendbeingdownwarD.ScientistsarenowfindingsharedrelationsbetweenmodelsofsolarweatherinteractionsandtheactualclimateovermanythousandsofyearsincludingthelastIceAgE.TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertia惯性oftheearth'sclimatE.Ifthisisrightthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulopposedbalancetothesun'sfadingheat.66.Itcanbeconcludedthataconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmospherewould_________.A.meanawarming-upintheAntarcticB.raisethetemperatureoftheearth'ssurfaceC.preventthesun'sraysfromreachingtheearth'ssurfaceD.explainthecauseofgreatchangesintheclimateinthenorthernhemisphere67.Thearticlewaswrittentoexplain___________.A.thegreenhouseeffectB.thesolareffectsontheearthC.thecausesaffectingweatherD.themodelsofsolar-weatherinteractions68.Althoughthefuelconsumptionisgreaterinthenorthernhemispheretemperaturesthereseemtobefalling.Thisis__________.A.mainlybecausethelevelsofcarbondioxidearerisingB.partlyduetochangesintheoutputofsolarenergyC.possiblybecausetheicecapsinthepolesaremeltingD.onlyduetotheeffectoftheinertiaoftheearth'sclimate69.Onthebasisoftheirmodelsscientistsbelievetheopinionthat__________.A.theclimateoftheworldshouldbebecomingcoolerB.thenewIceAgewillbedelayedbythegreenhouseeffectC.theman-madewarmingeffecthelpstoincreasethesolareffectsD.itwilltakethousandsofyearsfortheinertiaoftheearth'sclimatetotakeeffect70.IftheassumptionaboutthedelayofanewIceageiscorrect____________.A.icewouldsooncoverthenorthernhemisphereB.thegreenhouseeffectcouldworkinfavoroftheearthC.thebestwaytoovercomethecoolingeffectwouldbetoburnmorefuelsD.theincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmospherecouldwarmuptheearthevenmorequickly
TheheartofMexicoisahighovalvalleysurroundedbymountains.Onceforestscoveredthemountainsidesandbroadshininglakescoverednearlyallthevalleyfloor.Nowthemountainsarebareandscarredwitherosion侵蚀andmuchofthevalleyfloorisdryanddusty.CortezandhisSpanishsoldierswerethefirstEuropeanstoenterthisvalley.TheysawthethrivingAzteccityofTenochtitlanrisingfromanislandinoneofthelakes.Surroundingitweregreenfloatinggardens.TheSpaniardssaiditwasasbeautifulasadream.Thentheconquestbegan.By1521whentheSpaniardshadconqueredthefierceAztecstheislandcitywasinruins.CortezdecidedtorebuilditafterthepatternofEuropeancities.UsingtheconqueredAztecsasslavelaborersCortezbuiltthenewcitynowMexicoCityinjustfouryears.Butagenerationhadscarcelypassedaftertheconquestbeforeasadchangecameoverthesescenessobeautifulwritesonehistorian.Thebroadshininglakesbegantodryup.ModernhistoriansbelievethatCortezbeganthedestructionofthevalley’slakeswhenbeorderedthecityrebuilt.A.greatdealofcharcoalwasneededtoburnthelimestone石灰石fromwhichcement水泥andmortarweremadE.Woodwasneededtofinishtheinteriorsofthebuildings.ThemountainsideforestsweredestroyedtoprovidethecharcoalandwooD.Oncetheslopedwerebarerainfallolongerseeped渗漏slowlyintotheearthtofeedthespringsthatfilledthevalley’slakes.Insteadrainfallpouredoffthemountainsidesthecityfromfloodslaterrulersmadeacutthroughthemountainssothatthewaterdrainedawayintoanothervalley.MexicoCityonceanislandhadbecomeacityofadryplain.Theunderlinedwordthrivinginthesecondparagraphmeans_______.A.developingsuccessfullyB.increasingC.failingD.growinglittleWhichstatementdoesthisarticleleadyoutobelieve?Keepingnature’sbalanceisnotimportantanymorE.Menthoughtnature’sresourceswouldlastforever.Newforestsalwaysautomaticallyreplaceoldones.TheAztecsdidn’tbegintoflourishuntilCortezcamE.Whydidlaterrulerscutthroughthemountains?Theywantedtofillthecitywithrainwater.Theywantedthevalleystofloodregularly.Theywantedtoplantmoretrees.Theywantedtoprotectthecityfromfloods.Onethewholethearticletellsabout______.MexicoasitlookedwhenitwasaEuropeancityModernhistorianswhowriteaboutMexicoCityMexicocitybeforeandaftertheSpaniardscameThebeautifulsceneryinMexicoWhatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.TotellthebeautyanduglinessofMexicoCityB.TointroducetheterriblechangeofMexicoCityC.ToexplainhowMexicoCitychangedD.Tomakepeopleawareoftheimportanceofnaturebalance
DTherecentapparentlysuccessfulpredictionbymathematicalmodelsofanappearanceofElNino—thewarmoceanHowthatperiodicallydevelopsalongthePacificcoastofSouthAmericahasexcitedresearchers.JacobBjerknespointedoutyearsagohowwindsmightcreateeitherabnormallywarmorabnormallycoldwaterintheeasternequatorial赤道附近的PacifiC.NeverthelessbeforethecreationofthemodelsnoonecouldexplainwhyconditionsshouldregularlychangebetweenappearancesofthewarmElNinoandtheso-calledanti-ElNino.Theansweratleastifthecurrentmodelthatlinksthebehavioroftheoceantothatoftheatmosphereiscorrectistobefoundintheocean.IthaslongbeenknownthatduringanElNinotwoconditionsexist:unusuallywarmwaterextendsalongtheeasternPacificandwindsblowfromthewestintothewarmerairrisingoverthewarmwaterintheeast.ThecontributionofthemodelistoshowthatthewindsofanElNinowhichraisesealevelintheeastsendasignaltothewestloweringsealevelatthesametimE.Accordingtothemodelthatsignaliscreatedasanegative负的Rossbywaveawaveoflowersealevelthatmoveswestwardparalleltotheequatorat25to85kilometersperday.TakingmonthstomoveacrossthePacificRossbywavesmarchtothewesternboundaryofthePacificbasinwhichismodeledasasmootliwallbutinrealityconsistsofquiteirregularislandchains.WhenthewavesmeetthewesternboundarytheyarereflectedandthemodelpredictsthatRossbywaveswillbebrokenintomanycoastalKelvinwavescarryingthesamenegativesea-levelsignal.TheseeventuallyshoottowardtheequatorandthenheadeastwardalongtheequatordrovebytheearthatA.speedofabout.250kilometersperday.WhenenoughKelvinwavesofadequateamplitude振幅arrivefromthewesternPacifictheirnegativesea-levelsignalovercomesthefeedbackmechanismraisingthesealevelandtheybegintodrivethesystemintotheoppositecoldmodE.Thisproducesagradualchangeinwindsonethatwilleventuallysendpositivesea-levelRossbywaveswestwardwavesthatwilleventuallyreturnascoldcycle—endingpositiveKelvinwavesbeginninganotherwarmingcyclE.67.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.HowRossbywavesarefounD.B.WhereElNinoisformeD.C.Whatthemodelspredict.D.Howthemodelswork.68.WheredoesElNinooftenappear?A.AlongthewesterncoastoftheUSA.B.InthePacificinthesouthoftheequator.C.InthePacificinthenorthoftheequator.D.AlongthesoutherncoastofSouthAmericA.69.Whatisrightaccordingtothepassage?A.RossbywavesandKelvinwavesmoveinoppositedirectionsalongtheequator.B.PeoplecouldexplainElNinobeforethecreationofthemathematicalmodels.C.Adequatesea-levelwavescanproducewestwardpositivecoldcyclE.D.ThespeedofRossbywavesisfasterthanthatofKelvinwaves.70.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordwavesinParagraph3referto?A.Kelvinwaves.B.Sea-levelsignals.C.Coastalwaves.D.Rossbywaves.
Whenwethinkofleadershipweoftenthinkofstrengthandpower.Butwhatarethesereallyandhowdotheyoperate?LeadershiptodayisnotaboutforcingotherstodothingsIfthisisevenpossiblE.itisshort-termandtendstobackfirE.Ifyouordersomeonetodosomethingagainsttheirwill.theymaydoitbecausetheyfeeltheymustbuttheangertheyfeelwilldomoreharminthelong-termTheywillalsoexperiencefear.Fearcausesthethinkingbraintoshutdownmakingthepersonunabletofunctionathisorherbest.Iftheyassociateyouwiththisemotionoffear.Theywillbecomelessfunctionalaroundyouandyouwillhavesucceededinnotonlyshootingyourselfinthefoot.butpossiblymakingaverygoodemployeeorpartnerunabletoperformeffectively.Fearhasnoplaceinleadership.Thewayweinfluencepeopleinalastingwayisbyourowncharacterandourunderstandinganduseofemotion.Wecanordersomeonetodosomethingwhichmaybepartoftheworkday;orwecanemploythemattheemotionallevelsotheybecamefullydevotedtotheprojectsandprovidesomeoftheirownmotivation积极性Today’sworkplaceisallaboutrelationshipsasahumanbeingaswellasaworker.EveryoneproducesjustabitmoreforsomeonetheylikE.Leadersunderstandthewaythingswork.Theyknowthepaycheckisnotthesinglemostmotivatingfactor因素intheworklifeofmostpeoplE.Thetruestrengthofleadershipisaninnerstrengththatcomesfromtheconfidenceofemotionalintelligence---knowingyourownemotionsandhowtohandlethemandthoseofothers.Developingyouremotionalintelligenceisthesinglebestthingyoucandoifyouwanttodevelopyourrelationshipswithpeoplearoundyouwhichisthekeytotheleadershipskills.52.Anemployeemayhaveafeelingoffearintheworkplacewhen___.A.heisforcedtodothingsB.becannotworkathisbestC..hefeelshisbrainshutdownD.hethinksofhisworkastooheavy53.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.PeopletendtoassociateleadershipwithfearB.Workingconditionsaffectpeople’sphysicalhealthC.GoodrelationshipisthekeytobusinesssuccessD.SmartpeoplearemorefunctionalintheworkplacE.54.Topositivelyinfluenceemployeesaleadershouldfirstofall__A.providebettersuggestionsB.develophisownpersonalityC.fivehisemployeesapayraiseD.hidehisownemotionoffear55.Goodleadershipismainlyseeninaleader’sabilityto___A.provideavarietyofprojectforemployeesB.helpraiseemployee’slivingstandardsC.giveemployeesspecificinstructionsD.dealwiselywithemployees’emotions
Peopleshouldbewarnedagainstusingmobilephonesoutdoorsinstormyweatherbecausetheymaybestruckbylightningaccordingtodoctors.ThreeexpertshavedescribedhowateenagegirlwasstruckbylightningwhileusingherphoneinalargeLondonpark.Thegirlaged15recoveredbutayearlaterwasstillwheelchair-boundandfoundtobesufferingcomplexphysicalandemotionalproblems.Thegirlalsohadaperforateeardrum打孔耳膜onthesidewhereshehadbeenholdingthemobilephonE.ShewashavinggeneralrecoveryinNorthwickParkHospitalMiddlesex.SwindaEspritaseniorhouseoffi??cersaidthatwhilethebrainandmuscledamagewassimilartothatofmanylightningvictims—whocanexperienceheartattacksonbeingstruck—theearproblemswerenot.Shesaidthatthedamageswereparticularlyrelevantforpeoplewhomightbeinvolvedinlessseri??ouslightningincidentswhomightother??wiserecoverbutwouldnevergettheirfullhearingbackifstruckwhileonthephonE.WewereshockedbythedamagewhichiswhywewantedtodrawattentiontoitDrEspritsaiD.Ayearonandshestillwassufferingthesedifficulthearing.TheyaddedthatthreeothercaseshadbeenreportedinnewspapersinChinaSouthKoreaandMalaysiA.IntheMalaysiancaseasalesexecutivewaskilledbylightningwhiletalkingonhisphoneduringathun??derstormnearKualaLumpur.AlltheseeventsresultedindeaththedoctorswrotE.Thisrarephe??nomenonisapublichealthissueandedu??cationisnecessarytostresstherisk.TheAustralianLightningProtectionStandardrecommendsthatmetallicobjectsincludingcordlessormobilephonesshouldnotbecarriedout??doorsduringthunderstorms.HowevertheUnitedStatesNationalWeatherServicesaysonitswebsitethatbotharesafetousebecausethereisnodirectpathbetweenyouandthelightening.PaulTayloroftheMetOfficesaidtheearinjurieswereaconsequenceofmobilephonesbeingmetalandnotrelatedtoradiowaves.Mr.Taylorsaidthatmobilephonesshouldbetreatedasanotherpieceofmetalsimilartocarryingcoinsorwearingringsandpeopleneedtobewarnedagainstthepossi??bledanger.51.Whatdoweknowabouttheteenagegirl?A.Shewasstruckbylightningatschool.B.Shecompletelyrecoveredfrombeingstruck.C.Shestillsufferedfrommentalproblems.D.Shehadtopressherearallday.52.Itcanbeinferredthatdamagedonebylighteningwhileusingmobilephones______.A.ismoreseriousthanthatwhenoneisnotusingamobilephoneB.canbehealedquicklyexceptforheartattacksC.islessseriousbecausethevictimscanusuallyrecoverD.ismainlyinthebrainandmuscleofthevictims53.Whydiddoctorsstresstheriskaboutusingphonesoutsideinlightening?A.Becausemorepeoplearefacedwithit.B.BecausesomedeathshavebeencauseD.C.Becauselightningisharmfulforthebrain.D.BecauseateenagegirlgotkilleD.54.Wecaninferfromthelastthreeparagraphsthat______.A.bothcordlessandmobilephonesaresafetouseoutsideinlightningB.thereisnodirectconnectionbetweenlightningandearinjuriesatallC.opinionsdifferastowhetheritissafetousemobilesphonesinlightningD.earinjuriesaretheresultofcarryingcoinsorwearingringsinlightning55.Thepurposeinwritingthispassageis______.A.todrawattentiontotheriskofusingmobilephonesinlighteningB.tofocusonvariousdamagesdonetolightningvictimsC.totellusthenewsthatateenagegirlwasstruckbylightningD.tostressthedangerofmakingphonecallsinlightning
DolphinsandsharksareshowingupinsurprisinglyshallowwaterjustofftheFloridacoast.MulletscrabsraysandsmallfishgatherbythethousandsoffanAlabamapirer.Birdscoveredinoilarecrawlingdeepintomarshes沼泽nevertobeseenagain.MarinescientistsstudyingtheeffectsoftheBPdisaster英国石油公司漏油事件areseeingsomestrangephenomenA.FishandotherwildlifeseemtobefleeingtheoiloutintheGulfandclusteringincleanerwatersalongthecoastinatrendthatsomeresearchersseeasapotentiallytroublingsign.Theanimals'presenceclosetoshoremeanstheirusualhabitatisbadlypollutedandthecrowdingcouldresultinmassdie-offsasfishrunoutofoxygen.Alsotheanimalscouldeasilybecapturedbytheirenemies.Thenearlytwo-month-oldspill漏油hascreatedanenvironmentaldisasterinUShistoryastensofmillionsofgallonshaveflownintotheGulfofMexicoecosystem.ScientistsareseeingsomeunusualthingsastheytrytounderstandtheeffectsonthousandsofspeciesofmarinelifE.FornearlyfourhoursMondayathree-personcrewwithGreenpeacecruisedpastdelicateislandsandmangrove-dottedinletsinBaratariaBayoffsouthernLouisianA.Theysawdolphinsbythedozenfrolicking嬉戏intheoilysheen光泽andoil-tingedpelicansfeedingtheiryoung.Buttheyspottednodeadanimals.Ithinkpartofthereasonwhywe'renotseeingmoreyetisthattheimpactsofthiscrisisarereallyjustbeginningGreenpeacemarinebiologistJohnHocevarsaiD.ThecountingofdeadwildlifeintheGulfismorethananacademicexercise;thedeathswillhelpdeterminehowmuchBPpaysindamages.WhatdothemarinelifereacttotheBPdisaster?A.Birdscrawldeepintocaves.B.Dolphinsandsharksshowupindeepwater.C.TensofthousandsofmarineanimalsarefounddeaD.D.SeacreaturesfleefromoilspillgatheringnearseashorE.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedtothepotentiallytroublingsign?A.Theusualhabitatofdeep-wateranimalsisbadlypolluteD.B.Manyanimalscouldbeeasilyeatenbytheirenemies.C.Massesoffishescoulddieduetolackofoxygen.D.Somedolphinsarefrolickinginmarshes.Theenvironmentaldisasterwascausedby.A.thedamageoftheMexicoGulfecosystemB.thelackofenvironmentalsenseofBPC.thenearlytwo-month-oldoilspillD.thecrowdingmarinelifeWhatisJohnHocevar’sattitudetowardsthedisaster?A.WorrieD.B.DisappointeD.C.DepresseD.D.Hesitant.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat.A.BpwillpaymuchmoneyaccordingtothenumberofdeadwildlifethereB.marinescientistshaveseensomestrangephenomenaC.thedisasterhaslittleinfluenceondolphinsD.athree-personcrewreachednoconclusion
阅读短文选出最佳答案Ifyoudonotuseyourarmoryourlegsforsometimetheybecomeweak;whenyoustartusingthemagaintheyslowlybecomestrongagain.Everybodyknowsthat.Yetmanypeopledonotseemtoknowthatmemoryworksinthesameway.Whensomeonesaysthathehasagoodmemoryhereallymeansthathekeepshismemoryinpracticebyusingit.Whensomeoneelsesaysthathismemoryispoorhereallymeansthathedoesnotgiveitenoughchancetobecomestrong.Ifafriendsaysthathisarmsandlegsareweakweknowthatitishisownfault过错.Butifhetellsusthathehasapoormemorymanyofusthinkthathisparentsaretoblame受责备andfewofusknowthatitisjusthisownfault.Haveyoueverfoundthatsomepeoplecan’treadorwritebutusuallytheyhavebettermemories?Thisisbecausetheycannotreadorwriteandtheyhavetorememberthings;theycannotwritedowninalittlenotebook.Theyhavetorememberdaysnamessongsandstories;sotheirmemoryisthewholetimebeingexerciseD.Soifyouwanttohaveagoodmemorylearnfromthepeople:Practiceremembering.1.Themainreasonforoneispoormemoryisthat_______.A.hisfatherormothermayhaveapoormemoryB.HedoesnotusehisnameorlegsforsometimeC.hismemoryisnotoftenusedD.hecan’treadorwrite2.Ifyoudonotuseyourarmsorlegsforsometime_______.A.youcan’tusethemanymoreB.theywillbecomestrongerC.theybecomeweakandwon’tbecomestronguntilyouusethemagain.D.theywillbecomeneitherstrongernorweaker3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Yourmemoryworksinthesamewayasyourarmsorlegs.B.Yourmemorylikeyourarmsorlegsbecomesweakifyoudon’tgiveitenoughchanceforpracticE.C.Don’tlearnhowtoreadandwriteifyouwanttohaveabettermemory.D.A.goodmemorycomesfrommorepracticE.4.Somepeoplecan’treadorwritebuttheyusuallyhavebettermemoriesbecause_______.A.theyhavesavemuchtroubleB.theyhavesavedmuchtimetorememberthingsC.theyhavetousetheirmemoriesallthetimeD.theycan’twriteeverythinginalittlenotebook5.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Don’tStopUsingYourArmsOrLegsB.HowToHaveaGoodMemoryC.StrongArmsAndGoodMemoriesD.LearnFromthePeople
Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfooD.YoumaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgooD.YoumaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlooksmellortasteverynicE.DifferentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfooD.A.fewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenseswhilemostanimalsusemorethanonesensE.AlthoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsomeanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetypE.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.OtheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoicE.A.kindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbageeventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.Howevermostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimalsbirdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritainpeopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweightwhichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproductssuchasbuttercanalsobebadforthehealth.ChoosingtherightfoodthereforehasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlifE.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodC.choosefoodinsimilarwaysD.eatentirelydifferentfoodWhichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.ThesmallbirD.C.Thebear.D.Thefox.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen________.A.theseasonchangesB.thefoodcolorchangesC.theymovetodifferentplacesD.theyareattractedbydifferentsmellsWecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_________.A.foodischosenforagoodreasonB.FrenchandBritishfoodisgoodC.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydietWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.AnimalsoftenusesensestoeattheirfooD.B.Mostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.C.AllanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonetypeoffooD.D.Thedietofbirdsandfoxwillbethesamedependingontheseason.
Researchersbelievethattheinsect昆虫isbetteratmanagingcongestion拥挤thanhumans.Antsarethemostmanytypeofanimalonearthwithbrainsthatcontainabout250000cells----thelargestamonginsects.NowanintelligenceexpertDr.DirkHelbingsaysunderstandingmoreaboutantscouldhelpsolveoneoftheheadachesofmodernlife--roadcongestion.Histeamsetupanantmotorwaywithtworoutesofdifferentwidthsfromthenesttosomesugarsyrup糖浆.Soonthenarrower更窄的routesoonbecamecrowded拥挤的.Butwhenanantreturningalongthecrowdedroutetothenestmetwithanotherantjuststartingoutthereturningantpushedthenewcomerontotheotherpath.Howeverifthereturninganthadenjoyedatrouble-freejourneyitdidnotsendthenewcomerinadifferentdirection.TheresultwasthatjustbeforeoneroutebecamecloggedtheantshadturnedtoanotherrouteandtrafficjamsneverformeD.Theresearchersalsocreatedacomputermodelofmorecomplexantnetworkswithroutesofdifferentlengths.Theteamfoundthateventhoughantsbeingsentinanotherdirectionsometimestookalongerroutetheystillgottothefoodquicklyandefficiently.Dr.HelbingoftheDresdenUniversityofTechnologyinGermanysaidthatwhileyoucannotallowcarstomeetwithtrafficcomingintheopposite相反的directionasaformoftrafficcontrolyoucoulddothenextbestthingandallowthemtocommunicatE.Hisplanistoforcecarstravelinginonedirectiontotelloncomingtrafficwhattheconditionstheyareabouttomeetwith--sotheycanavoidthatsituationifnecessary.Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhat_______.A.antshaveaspecialwaytomanagecongestionB.antsarecleverandgoodatdealingwiththetrafficjamsbecauseofdevelopedbrainC.insectsaresimilartoanimalsindealingwiththetrafficjamsbecauseofdevelopedbrainD.insectshavemoreadvantagesthanhumansTheunderlinedwordcloggedcanbereplacedby_______inthefollowingfourwords.A.cleanedB.narrowedC.crowdedD.shortenedIfanantreturnsalongcrowdedroutetothenesthowdoestheantsolvethetrafficproblem?A.Theantwillchangethedirectionofitsown.B.Theantstoppedthenewcomerfrommovingaheadandforcedthenewcomertowaittherepatiently.C.Theantcan'tdirectthenewcomer.D.Theantwillpushthenewcomertotheotherroutesotrafficjamswon'tform.What'stheadvicethatDr.Helbinggivesus?A.Thecarscannotbeallowedtocommunicatewithtrafficcomingintheoppositedirection.B.Thecarscancommunicatewithtrafficinthesamedirection.C.Thecarsthattravelinonedirectioncantelloncomingtrafficaboutthetrafficconditions.D.Weshouldbuildmoreroutesofdifferentlengthsandwidths.
TheUnitedStatesgovernmentwantstoknowwhatthepublicthinksaboutitsfindingsonthesafetyofclonedanimals.TheFoodandDrugAdministrationsaysmeatandmilkfromclonesofadultcattlepigsandgoatsaresafetoeat.AnF.D.A.officialcalledthemassafetoeatasthefoodweeateveryday.Andwhenthoseclonesreproducesexually有性繁殖theagencysaystheiroffspring后代aresafetoeataswell.ButresearchonclonedsheepislimiteD.SotheF.D.A.proposesthatsheepclonesnotbeusedforhumanfooD.TheUnitedStatesthisyearcouldbecomethefirstcountrytoapprovethesaleoffoodsfromclonedanimals.Firsthoweverthepublicwillhaveninetydaystocommentonthreeproposeddocuments.OnDecember28ththeF.D.A.releasedalongreportcalledadraftriskassessmentalongwithtwopolicydocuments.TheagencysaysitmustreceivecommentsbyAprilseconD.TheF.D.A.seemedreadytoactseveralyearsagobutanadvisorycommitteecalledformoreresearch.Fornowthegovernmentwillcontinuetoaskproducerstohonorarequestthattheynotsellfoodsfromclonedanimals.ClonesarestillrarE.TheycostalotandaredifficulttoproducE.TheF.D.A.saysmostfoodfromcloningisexpectedtocomenotfromclonesthemselvesbutfromtheirsexuallyreproducedoffspring.Itsaysclonesareexpectedtobeusedmostlyasbreedinganimalstospreadgoodqualities.PublicopinionstudiesshowmostAmericansdonotliketheideaoffoodfromclonedanimals.Butthisresearchalsoshowsthepublicknowslittleaboutcloning.Cloningdiffersfromgeneticengineering.A.celltakenfromaso-calleddonoranimalsisgrownintoanembryo胚胎inthelaboratory.Nexttheembryoisplacedintotheuterus子宫ofafemaleanimal.Iftheprocessissuccessfulthepregnancyreachesfulltermandageneticcopyofthedonoranimalisborn.Fromthepassageweknowthat.A.foodsfromclonedanimalsarepopularinAmericaB.clonedadultanimalsaresafetoeatexceptsheep.C.clonedanimalswillbeeasytoproduceD.mostfoodsfromcloningisexpectedtotakeplaceofotherfoodsThemainpurposeofthetextisto.A.tellainterestingstoryB.givesomeadviceonfoodsC.giveareportD.comparedifferentopinionsWhobelievethatfoodsfromcloningaresafetoeat?A.MostAmericansB.AnadvisorycommitteeC.CriticsD.TheF.D.A.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.A.cloninghasmuchincommonwithgeneticB.noteverycelltakenfromadonoranimalcangrowintoageneticcopyC.thedonoranimalshouldbeafemaleoneD.clonedanimalsgrowfasterthannormalones
CScientistsusedtoexploreonthesurfaceoftheocean.Nowtheyareexploringbelowthesurfacetoo.Theywanttoknowaboutoceanwaterandtheplantandanimallifedeepintheocean.In1934thescientistWilliamBeebedived3000feetbelowthesurfaceinahollowsteelball.In1935AugustPiccarddived10330feet.In1960hissonJeandivedtoadepthof35800feet.Alltheseearlydivesweredeep.Butthediverscouldnotstaydownforverylong.Theyhadtocomebackuptothesurfaceafterafewseconds.ScientistsneededtostaydownlongertostudylifebelowthesurfacE.GraduallytheysucceedeD.CousteauaFrenchmanwasabletokeepmendowntoadepthof36feetforonemonthandtoadepthof90feetforaweek.Nowscientistsaredevelopingevenbetterequipment.Withthisnewequipmentmencanstaybelowthesurfacefordaysorevenweeks.In1962Cousteausetuparesearchstation35feetbelowthesurfacE.Thenin1964hesetupanotherstationontheoceanflooroftheRedSeA.ThiswasthefirstunderseastationtooperatewithouthelpfromthesurfacE.Manycountriesarenowstudyingundersealivingthings.TheformerSovietUnionhadanundersealaboratoryintheCrimeanSeA.TheUnitedStateshasalaboratory50feetdownontheoceanfloorofftheVirginIslands.In1970fivemenlivedtherefortwoweeks.Thenateamoffivewomenscientistsstayedinthelaboratory.Nextcameotherteamsofmen.Allweretheretoexploretheoceandepthsandtomakeplansfortheuseofitsresources.ScientistshopetofindenoughmineralvegetableandanimalwealththeretoprovidefoodfortheentireworlD.64.Inorderto_____scientistsareexploringbelowthesurfaceoftheocean.A.knowabouttheoceanwaterdeepintheoceanB.knowabouttheplantandanimallifedeepintheoceanC.staydownlongertostudylifeoftheplantandanimalbelowthesurfaceD.bothA.andB.65.Whosetupthefirstunderseastation?A.A.FrenchmanB.AnAmericanC.A.RussianD.Thepassagemadenomention66.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Nobodycanstaybelowthesurfaceoftheocean.B.Theearlydiverscouldnotstaybelowthesurfaceoftheoceanforverylong.C.Thepurposeofsettinguptheundersealaboratoriesistomakeplansfortheuseoftheresourcesintheocean.D.Uptonowonlyfivewomenscientistshavestayedintheundersealaboratory.
PARTTHREEREADINGCOMPREHENSIONDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedABC.andD.ChoosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassagE.ASwayingpalmtreesturquoise-bluewaterandsugar-whitesandmakebeachloverssighwithdelight.Butnotallbeacheshavethoseingredients.Themostinterestingbeachescomeindifferentshapessizesandcolors.ThosewhowantbeautyandsomethinguniquecangototheSeychelles’LaDigueIslanD.Largegranite花岗岩rockformationsoverlookbeautifulwhite-sandbeaches.Thepinkish-greyrockslooklikesculpturesthathavebeenforgottenonthebeach.TouriststravelingtoLaDigueIslandtoseetheuniquerockswillalsodiscoveroneoftheworld’smostbeautifulislands.Hawaii’sBigIslandhasoneoftherarestbeachesofall—abeachmadeupentirelyofgreensanD.Thesandwhichisformedbydarkgreencrystalscalledolivine橄榄石isdeposited堆积byvolcanicactivity.GreenSandBeachliesontheslopesoftheworld’slargestactivevolcanoMaunaLoA.Oneoftheworld’smostunusualbeachesliesontheislandofSantoriniGreecE.ThesandonRedBeachgetsitsreddishcolorfromtheredvolcanicrocksthatmakeupthecliffs悬崖aroundthebeach.Touristsflock蜂拥toseetheredsandmakingRedBeachoneofSantorini’smostpopularbeachdestinations.BlacksandmakesupthehugebeachofKarakarE.ThroughtheyearsvolcanicsandmixedwithironashtoformthisblackbeachonNewZealand’swildwestcoast.Withallthebeautifulbeachesintheworldbeachlovershavelotsofchoices.Butforthosereadyforsomethingdifferentauniquebeachvacationmightbejusttheticket!56.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Oneoftheworld’smostunusualbeachesB.BeachlovershavingmorechoicesC.A.uniquebeachvacationD.Uniquebeachesaroundtheworld57.Accordingtothetext______wouldberegardedasthegeneralcharacteristicsofbeautifulbeaches.A.swayingpalmtreesturquoise-bluewatersugar-whilesandB.rockswhitesandpinkish-greyrockssculpturesC.greensandslopesofanactivevolcanoD.blacksandironashwildcoast58.BeachesontheislandofSantoriniareredbecauseof_______.A.thecliffsaroundthebeachB.thelargegraniterocksC.theredvolcanicrocksD.crystalscalledolivine59.Ifyouwanttoseepinkish-greyrocksthengoto_______.A.SantoriniGreeceB.Seychelles’LaDigueIslandC.Hawaii’sBigIslandD.NewZealand60.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Differentbeacheshavedifferentcolors.B.Differentplaceshavedifferentbeaches.C.Whitesandandbluewaterarethemaincharacteristicsofbeaches.D.Peoplehavemanychoicesforbeachvacations.
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