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第一篇 How to Be a Successful Businessperson Have you ever wondered why some people are successful in ...
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第一篇SleeplessatNight Itwasanormalsummernight．Humidity湿气hunginthethickair． Icouldn’tgotosleep．partlybecauseofmycoldandpartlybecauseofmyexpectationsforthenextday．Mymumhadsaidthattomorrowwasgoingtobeasurprise． Sweatstucktomyachingbody．FinallyIgatheredenoughstrengthtositup．Ilookedoutofmysmallwindowintothenight．Therewasabigbrightmoonhangingintheskygivingoffamagiclight． Icouldn’tstandthepressureanymoreSOIdidwhatIalwaysdotomakemyselffeelbetter．1wenttothebathroomandpickedupmytoothbrushandtoothpaste．Icleanedmyteethasiftherewasnotomorrow．Backandforthupanddown． Then1walkeddownstairstolookforsomesignsofmovementsomelife．Gladiatormycatfrightenedmeashemeowed喵喵地唱出hissadsong．Hewasont11e01dorangecouch长沙发sittinguponhisfrontlegswaitingforsomethingtohappen．HelookedatmeasiftosayI’mlonelypetme．Ineedagoodhug紧抱．Eventhecouchbeggedmetositonit． InonemovementIsettleddownontothesoftcouch．Thiscouchrepresentedmyparents’marriagemybirthandhundredsofotherlittleevents． AsIheldGladiatormyheartstartedbeatingheavily．MymindwasfloodedwithquestionsWhat’slife?AmIreallyalive?Areyoulisteningtome?EverytimeImovedmyhanddownGladiator’sbodyIhadanewthoughteachtouchsangadifferentsong． Iforgeta11abouttheheatandthenextday’ssurprise．TheatmospherewasSOfullofwarmthandsilencethatIsankintoitsalms．Fallingasleepwiththebigcatinmyarms．Ifeltallmyworriesslowlymoveaway． Whatwastheweatherlikethatnight?
第二篇APhoneThatKnowsYou’reBusy It’samodernproblemyou’retoobusytobedisturbedbyincessant连续不断的phonecallssoyouturnyourcellphoneoff.Butifyoudon’tremembertoturnitbackonwhenyou’relessbusy．youcouldmisssomeimportantcallsifonlythephoneknewwhenitwaswisetointerruptyouyouwouldn’thavetoturnitoffatall.Insteaditcouldletcallsthroughwhenyouarenottoobusy Abunchofbehaviorsensors传感器andacleverpieceofsoftwarecoulddojustthatbyanalyzingyourbehaviortodetermineifit’sagoodtimetointerruptyou．Ifbuiltintoaphonethesystemmaydecideyou’retoobusyandaskthecallertoleaveamessageorringbacklater． JamesFogartyandScottHudsonatCamegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniabasedtheirsystemoiltinymicrophonescamerasandtouchsensorsthatrevealbodylanguageandactivity．Firsttheyhadtostudydifferentbehaviorstofindoutwhichonesstonglypredictwhetheryourmindisinterrupted Thepotentialbusynesssignalstheyfocusedonincludedwhethertheofficedoorswereleftopenorclosedthetimeofdayifotherpeoplewerewiththepersoninquestionhowclosetheyweretoeachotherandwhetherornotthecomputerwasinuse． Thesensorsmonitoredtheseandmanyotherfactorswhilefoursubjectswereatwork.Atrandomintervalsthesubjectsratedhowinterruptibletheywereonascalerangingfromhighlyinterruptible’’tohighlynot—interruptible.Theirratingswerethencorrelatedwiththevariousbehaviors.Itisashotgun随意的approachweusedalltheindicatorswecouldthinkofandthenletstatisticsfindoutwhichwereimportantsaysHudson Themodelshowedthatusingthekeyboardandtalkingonalandlineortosomeoneelseintheofficecorrelatedmoststronglywithhowinterruptiblethesubjectsjudgedthemselvestobe． Interestinglythecomputerwasactuallybetterthanpeopleatpredictingwhensomeonewastoobusytobeinterrupted.Thecomputergotitright82percentofthetimehumans77percent．Fogartyspeculatesthatthismightbebecausepeopledoingtheinterruptingareinevitablybiasedtowardsdeliveringtheirmessagewhereascomputersdon’tcare． ThefirstapplicationforHudsonandFogarty’ssystemislikelytobeinaninstantmessagingsystemfollowedbyofficephonesandcellphones．Thereisnotechnologicalroadblock障碍toitbeingdeployedinacoupleofyearssaysHudson Thecomputerperformedbetterthanpeopleinthestudybecause
Earth’sInnerCore Scientistshavelongstruggledtounderstandwhatliesattheplanet’scenterDirect observationofitscenterisimpossiblesoresearchersmust_____51tootherevidence． In1889aGermanscientistdetectedasevereearthquakeinJapan．Geophysicistsconcludedthatshockwaves_____52jolts晃动fromonesideofEarththroughthecentertotheotherside．Thenin1936DanishgeophysicistIngeLehmannstudiedthewaves______53todeterminethatwithinEarth’scoreofmolten熔化了的ironliesasolidinnercore-but_____54thatcorewasmadeofeluded难倒her．OthergeophysicistsquicklydeterminedthatLehmann’sinnercorewascomposedmostly_____55iron.SincethenLehmann’sdiscoveryhas_____56conventionalEarthscience． Butnowscientistsarechallengingtraditionaltheorywithnewandradical_____57ForexampleEarth’scentercouldactuallycontainaninnercorewithintheinnercoreclaimIshiiandcolleagueAdamDziewonski．Analyzinghundredsofthousandsofearthquakewave_____58theymaintainthattheinnercorehasatitsheartatinyevenmoresolidsphere球体.Thissphere‘‘maybetheoldestfossil____59fromtheformationofEarthsaysDziewonski．DziewonskiandIshiispeculatethatshortly_____60Earthformedaround4.8billionyearsagoagiantasteroid小行星smashedintotheyoungplanetandnearlymeltedit.ButEarth’scenterdidn’tquitemeltit______61massastheplanetcooled.Thecorewithinacoremaybethekernel核心thatendured．Itspresencecouldchangeourbasicideasaboutthe_____62oftheplanetDziewonskisaysideaistame温和的comparedtothe_____63theoriesofindependentgeophysicistJ．MarvinHerndon．Earth’sinnercoreismadenotofironheclaimsbuta_____64ofnickelandsiliconHemdonhasatrulyrevolutionarynotionWithinthenickelsilicide硅化物innercoreisalsoaninnerinnercore—an8km—wideballoftheelementuranium．Uraniumisradioactive．Hemdonthinkstheuraniumreleasesheatenergyasitsatoms_____65fission-splitandcrashintoanotherinachainreaction.Inotherwordswemayliveontopofagiganticnaturalnuclearpowerplant.
Earth’sInnerCore Scientistshavelongstruggledtounderstandwhatliesattheplanet’scenterDirect observationofitscenterisimpossiblesoresearchersmust_____51tootherevidence． In1889aGermanscientistdetectedasevereearthquakeinJapan．Geophysicistsconcludedthatshockwaves_____52jolts晃动fromonesideofEarththroughthecentertotheotherside．Thenin1936DanishgeophysicistIngeLehmannstudiedthewaves______53todeterminethatwithinEarth’scoreofmolten熔化了的ironliesasolidinnercore-but_____54thatcorewasmadeofeluded难倒her．OthergeophysicistsquicklydeterminedthatLehmann’sinnercorewascomposedmostly_____55iron.SincethenLehmann’sdiscoveryhas_____56conventionalEarthscience． Butnowscientistsarechallengingtraditionaltheorywithnewandradical_____57ForexampleEarth’scentercouldactuallycontainaninnercorewithintheinnercoreclaimIshiiandcolleagueAdamDziewonski．Analyzinghundredsofthousandsofearthquakewave_____58theymaintainthattheinnercorehasatitsheartatinyevenmoresolidsphere球体.Thissphere‘‘maybetheoldestfossil____59fromtheformationofEarthsaysDziewonski．DziewonskiandIshiispeculatethatshortly_____60Earthformedaround4.8billionyearsagoagiantasteroid小行星smashedintotheyoungplanetandnearlymeltedit.ButEarth’scenterdidn’tquitemeltit______61massastheplanetcooled.Thecorewithinacoremaybethekernel核心thatendured．Itspresencecouldchangeourbasicideasaboutthe_____62oftheplanetDziewonskisaysideaistame温和的comparedtothe_____63theoriesofindependentgeophysicistJ．MarvinHerndon．Earth’sinnercoreismadenotofironheclaimsbuta_____64ofnickelandsiliconHemdonhasatrulyrevolutionarynotionWithinthenickelsilicide硅化物innercoreisalsoaninnerinnercore—an8km—wideballoftheelementuranium．Uraniumisradioactive．Hemdonthinkstheuraniumreleasesheatenergyasitsatoms_____65fission-splitandcrashintoanotherinachainreaction.Inotherwordswemayliveontopofagiganticnaturalnuclearpowerplant.
NewProductWillSaveLives Drinkingwaterthatlookscleanmaystillcontainbugs虫子whichCancauseillness．AsmallcompanycalledGeneraTechnologieshasproducedatestingmethodinthreestageswhichshowswhetherwaterissafe．Thenewtestshowsifwaterneedschemicalsaddedtoittodestroyanythingharmful．ItwasinventedbyscientistDr．AdrianPatton．WhostartedGenerafiveYearsago．HeandhisemployeeshavedevelopedthetesttogetherwithaBritishwatercompany． AndyHeadlandGenera’smarketingdirectorrecentlypresentedthetestataconferenceintheUSAandforecastgoodAmericansalesforit．Generahasalreadysold11ofitstestsat$42500atimeintheUKandhasafurtherfouronorder．Itexpectstosellanother25testsbeforetheendofMarch．ThecompanysaysitistheonlytestintheUKtobeapprovedbythegovernment． GenerawasformedfiveyearsagoanduntilOctoberlastyearhadonlyfiveemployeesitnowemploys14.Mr.Headlandbelievesthatthecompanyshouldmakearound$19millionbytheendoftheyearintheUKalone． Generahasincreasedthenumberofitsemployeesrecently．
NewProductWillSaveLives Drinkingwaterthatlookscleanmaystillcontainbugs虫子whichCancauseillness．AsmallcompanycalledGeneraTechnologieshasproducedatestingmethodinthreestageswhichshowswhetherwaterissafe．Thenewtestshowsifwaterneedschemicalsaddedtoittodestroyanythingharmful．ItwasinventedbyscientistDr．AdrianPatton．WhostartedGenerafiveYearsago．HeandhisemployeeshavedevelopedthetesttogetherwithaBritishwatercompany． AndyHeadlandGenera’smarketingdirectorrecentlypresentedthetestataconferenceintheUSAandforecastgoodAmericansalesforit．Generahasalreadysold11ofitstestsat$42500atimeintheUKandhasafurtherfouronorder．Itexpectstosellanother25testsbeforetheendofMarch．ThecompanysaysitistheonlytestintheUKtobeapprovedbythegovernment． GenerawasformedfiveyearsagoanduntilOctoberlastyearhadonlyfiveemployeesitnowemploys14.Mr.Headlandbelievesthatthecompanyshouldmakearound$19millionbytheendoftheyearintheUKalone． GeneraTechnologiesorders25moretestsbeforetheendoftheyear．
Earth’sInnerCore Scientistshavelongstruggledtounderstandwhatliesattheplanet’scenterDirect observationofitscenterisimpossiblesoresearchersmust_____51tootherevidence． In1889aGermanscientistdetectedasevereearthquakeinJapan．Geophysicistsconcludedthatshockwaves_____52jolts晃动fromonesideofEarththroughthecentertotheotherside．Thenin1936DanishgeophysicistIngeLehmannstudiedthewaves______53todeterminethatwithinEarth’scoreofmolten熔化了的ironliesasolidinnercore-but_____54thatcorewasmadeofeluded难倒her．OthergeophysicistsquicklydeterminedthatLehmann’sinnercorewascomposedmostly_____55iron.SincethenLehmann’sdiscoveryhas_____56conventionalEarthscience． Butnowscientistsarechallengingtraditionaltheorywithnewandradical_____57ForexampleEarth’scentercouldactuallycontainaninnercorewithintheinnercoreclaimIshiiandcolleagueAdamDziewonski．Analyzinghundredsofthousandsofearthquakewave_____58theymaintainthattheinnercorehasatitsheartatinyevenmoresolidsphere球体.Thissphere‘‘maybetheoldestfossil____59fromtheformationofEarthsaysDziewonski．DziewonskiandIshiispeculatethatshortly_____60Earthformedaround4.8billionyearsagoagiantasteroid小行星smashedintotheyoungplanetandnearlymeltedit.ButEarth’scenterdidn’tquitemeltit______61massastheplanetcooled.Thecorewithinacoremaybethekernel核心thatendured．Itspresencecouldchangeourbasicideasaboutthe_____62oftheplanetDziewonskisaysideaistame温和的comparedtothe_____63theoriesofindependentgeophysicistJ．MarvinHerndon．Earth’sinnercoreismadenotofironheclaimsbuta_____64ofnickelandsiliconHemdonhasatrulyrevolutionarynotionWithinthenickelsilicide硅化物innercoreisalsoaninnerinnercore—an8km—wideballoftheelementuranium．Uraniumisradioactive．Hemdonthinkstheuraniumreleasesheatenergyasitsatoms_____65fission-splitandcrashintoanotherinachainreaction.Inotherwordswemayliveontopofagiganticnaturalnuclearpowerplant.
Earth’sInnerCore Scientistshavelongstruggledtounderstandwhatliesattheplanet’scenterDirect observationofitscenterisimpossiblesoresearchersmust_____51tootherevidence． In1889aGermanscientistdetectedasevereearthquakeinJapan．Geophysicistsconcludedthatshockwaves_____52jolts晃动fromonesideofEarththroughthecentertotheotherside．Thenin1936DanishgeophysicistIngeLehmannstudiedthewaves______53todeterminethatwithinEarth’scoreofmolten熔化了的ironliesasolidinnercore-but_____54thatcorewasmadeofeluded难倒her．OthergeophysicistsquicklydeterminedthatLehmann’sinnercorewascomposedmostly_____55iron.SincethenLehmann’sdiscoveryhas_____56conventionalEarthscience． Butnowscientistsarechallengingtraditionaltheorywithnewandradical_____57ForexampleEarth’scentercouldactuallycontainaninnercorewithintheinnercoreclaimIshiiandcolleagueAdamDziewonski．Analyzinghundredsofthousandsofearthquakewave_____58theymaintainthattheinnercorehasatitsheartatinyevenmoresolidsphere球体.Thissphere‘‘maybetheoldestfossil____59fromtheformationofEarthsaysDziewonski．DziewonskiandIshiispeculatethatshortly_____60Earthformedaround4.8billionyearsagoagiantasteroid小行星smashedintotheyoungplanetandnearlymeltedit.ButEarth’scenterdidn’tquitemeltit______61massastheplanetcooled.Thecorewithinacoremaybethekernel核心thatendured．Itspresencecouldchangeourbasicideasaboutthe_____62oftheplanetDziewonskisaysideaistame温和的comparedtothe_____63theoriesofindependentgeophysicistJ．MarvinHerndon．Earth’sinnercoreismadenotofironheclaimsbuta_____64ofnickelandsiliconHemdonhasatrulyrevolutionarynotionWithinthenickelsilicide硅化物innercoreisalsoaninnerinnercore—an8km—wideballoftheelementuranium．Uraniumisradioactive．Hemdonthinkstheuraniumreleasesheatenergyasitsatoms_____65fission-splitandcrashintoanotherinachainreaction.Inotherwordswemayliveontopofagiganticnaturalnuclearpowerplant.
第三篇TheExplodingLakesofCameroon Whatcomestomindwhenyouthinkofalake?Youprobablyimagineaprettyscenewithbluewaterbirdsandfish．ForthepeopleinthenorthwesternCameroonhowevertheimageisverydifferent.Forthemlakesmaymeanterribledisasters.In1984poisonousgasesexplodedoutofLakeMonounandcamedownintothenearbyvillageskillingthirty—sevenpeople．TwoyearslaterLakeNyoseruptedAcloudofgasesrolleddownthehillsandintothevalleysandkilled1700people． LakeNyosandLakeMonounarecrater火山口lakesTheywereformedwhenwatercollectedinthecratersofoldvolcanoesThevolcanoesunderLakeNyosandLakeMonounarenotactiveanymore.Howeverpoisonousgasesfromthecenteroftheearthcontinuetoflowupthroughcracksinthebottomofthelake.Thisisnormalinacraterlake.Inmostcraterlakesthesegasesarereleasedoftenbecausethewater‘turnsover’regularly．Thatisthewaterfromthebottomofthelakerisesandmixeswiththewateratthetopallowingthegasestoescapeslowly． HoweverinLakesNyosandMonounthereisnoregularturningover．Nooneknowsthereasonforthisfactbutasaresulttheselakeshavemoregasestappedatthebottomthanothercraterlakes.InfactscientistswhohavestudiedLakesNyosandMonounhavefound16000timesmoregases．Whenastrongwindcoolweatherastormoralandslide滑坡causesthewatertoturnoversuddenlythegasesescapeinaviolentexplosion． Inthepastnooneknewwhenthegasesmightexplodesotherewasnowayforthevillagerstoescapedisaster.NowscientistsfromtheUnitedStatesFranceandCameroonhavefoundawaytoreducethegaspressureatthebottomofLakeNyos．Theystooda672-footplasticpipeinthemiddleofthelakewithoneendofthepipenearthebottomandtheotherendintheair．Nearthetopofthepipetheteamputseveralholesthatcouldbeopenedorclosedbyacomputer．Nowwhenthegaspressuregetstoohightheholesareopenedandsomeofthegas-filledwatershoots upthroughthepipeintotheairlikeafountain．Withlesspressureadisastrousexplosionismuchlesslikely．Howeverthescientistsarenotsurethatonepipewillbeenoughtopreventexplosions．TheyhopetoputinotherssoonandtheyplantoinstallasimilarpipeandacomputersystematLakeMonounaswell． Toprotectpeoplenearbyuntilallofthepipesareinplace．thescientistshaveinstalledearlywarningsystemsatbothlakes.Ifthegaspressurerisestoadangerouslevelcomputerswillsetoffloudsirens警报andbrightlightstowarnthepeopleinthevillages．Thatwaytheywillhavetimetoescapefromthedangerousgases． Ateamofscientistshas
Theiceisnotthickenoughto{{U}}bear{{/U}}theweighofatank．
Earth’sInnerCore Scientistshavelongstruggledtounderstandwhatliesattheplanet’scenterDirect observationofitscenterisimpossiblesoresearchersmust_____51tootherevidence． In1889aGermanscientistdetectedasevereearthquakeinJapan．Geophysicistsconcludedthatshockwaves_____52jolts晃动fromonesideofEarththroughthecentertotheotherside．Thenin1936DanishgeophysicistIngeLehmannstudiedthewaves______53todeterminethatwithinEarth’scoreofmolten熔化了的ironliesasolidinnercore-but_____54thatcorewasmadeofeluded难倒her．OthergeophysicistsquicklydeterminedthatLehmann’sinnercorewascomposedmostly_____55iron.SincethenLehmann’sdiscoveryhas_____56conventionalEarthscience． Butnowscientistsarechallengingtraditionaltheorywithnewandradical_____57ForexampleEarth’scentercouldactuallycontainaninnercorewithintheinnercoreclaimIshiiandcolleagueAdamDziewonski．Analyzinghundredsofthousandsofearthquakewave_____58theymaintainthattheinnercorehasatitsheartatinyevenmoresolidsphere球体.Thissphere‘‘maybetheoldestfossil____59fromtheformationofEarthsaysDziewonski．DziewonskiandIshiispeculatethatshortly_____60Earthformedaround4.8billionyearsagoagiantasteroid小行星smashedintotheyoungplanetandnearlymeltedit.ButEarth’scenterdidn’tquitemeltit______61massastheplanetcooled.Thecorewithinacoremaybethekernel核心thatendured．Itspresencecouldchangeourbasicideasaboutthe_____62oftheplanetDziewonskisaysideaistame温和的comparedtothe_____63theoriesofindependentgeophysicistJ．MarvinHerndon．Earth’sinnercoreismadenotofironheclaimsbuta_____64ofnickelandsiliconHemdonhasatrulyrevolutionarynotionWithinthenickelsilicide硅化物innercoreisalsoaninnerinnercore—an8km—wideballoftheelementuranium．Uraniumisradioactive．Hemdonthinkstheuraniumreleasesheatenergyasitsatoms_____65fission-splitandcrashintoanotherinachainreaction.Inotherwordswemayliveontopofagiganticnaturalnuclearpowerplant.
第三篇HumanSpaceExploration WhilescientistsaresearchingthecauseoftheColumbiadisasterNASAismovingaheadwithplanstodevelopanewcraftthatwouldreplaceshuttles航天飞机onspacestationmissionsby2012andrespondquicklytospacestationemergencies． Thespaceagencyreleasedthefirstsetofmissionneedsandrequirementsseveraldaysagoformeorbitalspaceplane轨道航天飞机whichwouldbedesignedtotransportacrewoffourtoandfromtheInternationalSpaceStation． Althoughitincludesfewspecificstheplanstatestheorbiter轨道航天飞机willbesafercheaperandrequirelesspreparationtimethantheshuttle．Itwouldbeabletotransportfourcrewmembersby2012--thoughitwouldbeavailableforrescuemissionsby2010.NASAsaysthecraftshouldbeabletotransportinjuredorillspacestationcrewmemberstodefinitive决定性的medicalcarewithin24hours． ThereleaseoftherequirementsshowedNASAremainsfocusedonthelong-termprioritiesofspaceexplorationevenasquestionsexistconcerningthelossofColumbiaanditsseven．membercrewonFebruaryl2003．． ExpelsatMarshallSpaceFlightCenterinHuntsvilleAlabamahavebeenworkingforyearsonasuccessortotheshuttle．TheprojectknownastheSpaceLaunchInitiative倡议wasdividedlastyearintotwoparts----onefocusingonafuturelaunchvehicletheotheronaspacestationorbiter．Theorbiterisexpectedtobereadysooner． Theprogram’smanagerssayNASAofficialshavetoldthemnottoalterSpaceLaunchInitiativeinlightoftheColumbiadisaster． U．S．PresidentGeorgeWBushaskedCongressforaboutUS$1billionforSpaceLaunchInitiativein2004fundsthatwouldbealmostequallysplitbetweentheOrbitalSpacePlaneandNextGenerationLaunchTechnology． WhendidNASAstartworkingonasuccessortotheshuttle?
Earth’sInnerCore Scientistshavelongstruggledtounderstandwhatliesattheplanet’scenterDirect observationofitscenterisimpossiblesoresearchersmust_____51tootherevidence． In1889aGermanscientistdetectedasevereearthquakeinJapan．Geophysicistsconcludedthatshockwaves_____52jolts晃动fromonesideofEarththroughthecentertotheotherside．Thenin1936DanishgeophysicistIngeLehmannstudiedthewaves______53todeterminethatwithinEarth’scoreofmolten熔化了的ironliesasolidinnercore-but_____54thatcorewasmadeofeluded难倒her．OthergeophysicistsquicklydeterminedthatLehmann’sinnercorewascomposedmostly_____55iron.SincethenLehmann’sdiscoveryhas_____56conventionalEarthscience． Butnowscientistsarechallengingtraditionaltheorywithnewandradical_____57ForexampleEarth’scentercouldactuallycontainaninnercorewithintheinnercoreclaimIshiiandcolleagueAdamDziewonski．Analyzinghundredsofthousandsofearthquakewave_____58theymaintainthattheinnercorehasatitsheartatinyevenmoresolidsphere球体.Thissphere‘‘maybetheoldestfossil____59fromtheformationofEarthsaysDziewonski．DziewonskiandIshiispeculatethatshortly_____60Earthformedaround4.8billionyearsagoagiantasteroid小行星smashedintotheyoungplanetandnearlymeltedit.ButEarth’scenterdidn’tquitemeltit______61massastheplanetcooled.Thecorewithinacoremaybethekernel核心thatendured．Itspresencecouldchangeourbasicideasaboutthe_____62oftheplanetDziewonskisaysideaistame温和的comparedtothe_____63theoriesofindependentgeophysicistJ．MarvinHerndon．Earth’sinnercoreismadenotofironheclaimsbuta_____64ofnickelandsiliconHemdonhasatrulyrevolutionarynotionWithinthenickelsilicide硅化物innercoreisalsoaninnerinnercore—an8km—wideballoftheelementuranium．Uraniumisradioactive．Hemdonthinkstheuraniumreleasesheatenergyasitsatoms_____65fission-splitandcrashintoanotherinachainreaction.Inotherwordswemayliveontopofagiganticnaturalnuclearpowerplant.
材料暂缺暂缺
第一篇SleeplessatNight Itwasanormalsummernight．Humidity湿气hunginthethickair． Icouldn’tgotosleep．partlybecauseofmycoldandpartlybecauseofmyexpectationsforthenextday．Mymumhadsaidthattomorrowwasgoingtobeasurprise． Sweatstucktomyachingbody．FinallyIgatheredenoughstrengthtositup．Ilookedoutofmysmallwindowintothenight．Therewasabigbrightmoonhangingintheskygivingoffamagiclight． Icouldn’tstandthepressureanymoreSOIdidwhatIalwaysdotomakemyselffeelbetter．1wenttothebathroomandpickedupmytoothbrushandtoothpaste．Icleanedmyteethasiftherewasnotomorrow．Backandforthupanddown． Then1walkeddownstairstolookforsomesignsofmovementsomelife．Gladiatormycatfrightenedmeashemeowed喵喵地唱出hissadsong．Hewasont11e01dorangecouch长沙发sittinguponhisfrontlegswaitingforsomethingtohappen．HelookedatmeasiftosayI’mlonelypetme．Ineedagoodhug紧抱．Eventhecouchbeggedmetositonit． InonemovementIsettleddownontothesoftcouch．Thiscouchrepresentedmyparents’marriagemybirthandhundredsofotherlittleevents． AsIheldGladiatormyheartstartedbeatingheavily．MymindwasfloodedwithquestionsWhat’slife?AmIreallyalive?Areyoulisteningtome?EverytimeImovedmyhanddownGladiator’sbodyIhadanewthoughteachtouchsangadifferentsong． Iforgeta11abouttheheatandthenextday’ssurprise．TheatmospherewasSOfullofwarmthandsilencethatIsankintoitsalms．Fallingasleepwiththebigcatinmyarms．Ifeltallmyworriesslowlymoveaway． Gladiatorwasthenameof
Aresearchcenterhasbeen{{U}}setup{{/U}}inthiscountry．
Earth’sInnerCore Scientistshavelongstruggledtounderstandwhatliesattheplanet’scenterDirect observationofitscenterisimpossiblesoresearchersmust_____51tootherevidence． In1889aGermanscientistdetectedasevereearthquakeinJapan．Geophysicistsconcludedthatshockwaves_____52jolts晃动fromonesideofEarththroughthecentertotheotherside．Thenin1936DanishgeophysicistIngeLehmannstudiedthewaves______53todeterminethatwithinEarth’scoreofmolten熔化了的ironliesasolidinnercore-but_____54thatcorewasmadeofeluded难倒her．OthergeophysicistsquicklydeterminedthatLehmann’sinnercorewascomposedmostly_____55iron.SincethenLehmann’sdiscoveryhas_____56conventionalEarthscience． Butnowscientistsarechallengingtraditionaltheorywithnewandradical_____57ForexampleEarth’scentercouldactuallycontainaninnercorewithintheinnercoreclaimIshiiandcolleagueAdamDziewonski．Analyzinghundredsofthousandsofearthquakewave_____58theymaintainthattheinnercorehasatitsheartatinyevenmoresolidsphere球体.Thissphere‘‘maybetheoldestfossil____59fromtheformationofEarthsaysDziewonski．DziewonskiandIshiispeculatethatshortly_____60Earthformedaround4.8billionyearsagoagiantasteroid小行星smashedintotheyoungplanetandnearlymeltedit.ButEarth’scenterdidn’tquitemeltit______61massastheplanetcooled.Thecorewithinacoremaybethekernel核心thatendured．Itspresencecouldchangeourbasicideasaboutthe_____62oftheplanetDziewonskisaysideaistame温和的comparedtothe_____63theoriesofindependentgeophysicistJ．MarvinHerndon．Earth’sinnercoreismadenotofironheclaimsbuta_____64ofnickelandsiliconHemdonhasatrulyrevolutionarynotionWithinthenickelsilicide硅化物innercoreisalsoaninnerinnercore—an8km—wideballoftheelementuranium．Uraniumisradioactive．Hemdonthinkstheuraniumreleasesheatenergyasitsatoms_____65fission-splitandcrashintoanotherinachainreaction.Inotherwordswemayliveontopofagiganticnaturalnuclearpowerplant.
第三篇HumanSpaceExploration WhilescientistsaresearchingthecauseoftheColumbiadisasterNASAismovingaheadwithplanstodevelopanewcraftthatwouldreplaceshuttles航天飞机onspacestationmissionsby2012andrespondquicklytospacestationemergencies． Thespaceagencyreleasedthefirstsetofmissionneedsandrequirementsseveraldaysagoformeorbitalspaceplane轨道航天飞机whichwouldbedesignedtotransportacrewoffourtoandfromtheInternationalSpaceStation． Althoughitincludesfewspecificstheplanstatestheorbiter轨道航天飞机willbesafercheaperandrequirelesspreparationtimethantheshuttle．Itwouldbeabletotransportfourcrewmembersby2012--thoughitwouldbeavailableforrescuemissionsby2010.NASAsaysthecraftshouldbeabletotransportinjuredorillspacestationcrewmemberstodefinitive决定性的medicalcarewithin24hours． ThereleaseoftherequirementsshowedNASAremainsfocusedonthelong-termprioritiesofspaceexplorationevenasquestionsexistconcerningthelossofColumbiaanditsseven．membercrewonFebruaryl2003．． ExpelsatMarshallSpaceFlightCenterinHuntsvilleAlabamahavebeenworkingforyearsonasuccessortotheshuttle．TheprojectknownastheSpaceLaunchInitiative倡议wasdividedlastyearintotwoparts----onefocusingonafuturelaunchvehicletheotheronaspacestationorbiter．Theorbiterisexpectedtobereadysooner． Theprogram’smanagerssayNASAofficialshavetoldthemnottoalterSpaceLaunchInitiativeinlightoftheColumbiadisaster． U．S．PresidentGeorgeWBushaskedCongressforaboutUS$1billionforSpaceLaunchInitiativein2004fundsthatwouldbealmostequallysplitbetweentheOrbitalSpacePlaneandNextGenerationLaunchTechnology． Besidesitsmainmission．theorbiterwouldalsobeusedas
NewProductWillSaveLives Drinkingwaterthatlookscleanmaystillcontainbugs虫子whichCancauseillness．AsmallcompanycalledGeneraTechnologieshasproducedatestingmethodinthreestageswhichshowswhetherwaterissafe．Thenewtestshowsifwaterneedschemicalsaddedtoittodestroyanythingharmful．ItwasinventedbyscientistDr．AdrianPatton．WhostartedGenerafiveYearsago．HeandhisemployeeshavedevelopedthetesttogetherwithaBritishwatercompany． AndyHeadlandGenera’smarketingdirectorrecentlypresentedthetestataconferenceintheUSAandforecastgoodAmericansalesforit．Generahasalreadysold11ofitstestsat$42500atimeintheUKandhasafurtherfouronorder．Itexpectstosellanother25testsbeforetheendofMarch．ThecompanysaysitistheonlytestintheUKtobeapprovedbythegovernment． GenerawasformedfiveyearsagoanduntilOctoberlastyearhadonlyfiveemployeesitnowemploys14.Mr.Headlandbelievesthatthecompanyshouldmakearound$19millionbytheendoftheyearintheUKalone． GeneraTechnologieshasdevelopedamethodthatdetermineswhetherwaterisclean
Earth’sInnerCore Scientistshavelongstruggledtounderstandwhatliesattheplanet’scenterDirect observationofitscenterisimpossiblesoresearchersmust_____51tootherevidence． In1889aGermanscientistdetectedasevereearthquakeinJapan．Geophysicistsconcludedthatshockwaves_____52jolts晃动fromonesideofEarththroughthecentertotheotherside．Thenin1936DanishgeophysicistIngeLehmannstudiedthewaves______53todeterminethatwithinEarth’scoreofmolten熔化了的ironliesasolidinnercore-but_____54thatcorewasmadeofeluded难倒her．OthergeophysicistsquicklydeterminedthatLehmann’sinnercorewascomposedmostly_____55iron.SincethenLehmann’sdiscoveryhas_____56conventionalEarthscience． Butnowscientistsarechallengingtraditionaltheorywithnewandradical_____57ForexampleEarth’scentercouldactuallycontainaninnercorewithintheinnercoreclaimIshiiandcolleagueAdamDziewonski．Analyzinghundredsofthousandsofearthquakewave_____58theymaintainthattheinnercorehasatitsheartatinyevenmoresolidsphere球体.Thissphere‘‘maybetheoldestfossil____59fromtheformationofEarthsaysDziewonski．DziewonskiandIshiispeculatethatshortly_____60Earthformedaround4.8billionyearsagoagiantasteroid小行星smashedintotheyoungplanetandnearlymeltedit.ButEarth’scenterdidn’tquitemeltit______61massastheplanetcooled.Thecorewithinacoremaybethekernel核心thatendured．Itspresencecouldchangeourbasicideasaboutthe_____62oftheplanetDziewonskisaysideaistame温和的comparedtothe_____63theoriesofindependentgeophysicistJ．MarvinHerndon．Earth’sinnercoreismadenotofironheclaimsbuta_____64ofnickelandsiliconHemdonhasatrulyrevolutionarynotionWithinthenickelsilicide硅化物innercoreisalsoaninnerinnercore—an8km—wideballoftheelementuranium．Uraniumisradioactive．Hemdonthinkstheuraniumreleasesheatenergyasitsatoms_____65fission-splitandcrashintoanotherinachainreaction.Inotherwordswemayliveontopofagiganticnaturalnuclearpowerplant.
第三篇TheExplodingLakesofCameroon Whatcomestomindwhenyouthinkofalake?Youprobablyimagineaprettyscenewithbluewaterbirdsandfish．ForthepeopleinthenorthwesternCameroonhowevertheimageisverydifferent.Forthemlakesmaymeanterribledisasters.In1984poisonousgasesexplodedoutofLakeMonounandcamedownintothenearbyvillageskillingthirty—sevenpeople．TwoyearslaterLakeNyoseruptedAcloudofgasesrolleddownthehillsandintothevalleysandkilled1700people． LakeNyosandLakeMonounarecrater火山口lakesTheywereformedwhenwatercollectedinthecratersofoldvolcanoesThevolcanoesunderLakeNyosandLakeMonounarenotactiveanymore.Howeverpoisonousgasesfromthecenteroftheearthcontinuetoflowupthroughcracksinthebottomofthelake.Thisisnormalinacraterlake.Inmostcraterlakesthesegasesarereleasedoftenbecausethewater‘turnsover’regularly．Thatisthewaterfromthebottomofthelakerisesandmixeswiththewateratthetopallowingthegasestoescapeslowly． HoweverinLakesNyosandMonounthereisnoregularturningover．Nooneknowsthereasonforthisfactbutasaresulttheselakeshavemoregasestappedatthebottomthanothercraterlakes.InfactscientistswhohavestudiedLakesNyosandMonounhavefound16000timesmoregases．Whenastrongwindcoolweatherastormoralandslide滑坡causesthewatertoturnoversuddenlythegasesescapeinaviolentexplosion． Inthepastnooneknewwhenthegasesmightexplodesotherewasnowayforthevillagerstoescapedisaster.NowscientistsfromtheUnitedStatesFranceandCameroonhavefoundawaytoreducethegaspressureatthebottomofLakeNyos．Theystooda672-footplasticpipeinthemiddleofthelakewithoneendofthepipenearthebottomandtheotherendintheair．Nearthetopofthepipetheteamputseveralholesthatcouldbeopenedorclosedbyacomputer．Nowwhenthegaspressuregetstoohightheholesareopenedandsomeofthegas-filledwatershoots upthroughthepipeintotheairlikeafountain．Withlesspressureadisastrousexplosionismuchlesslikely．Howeverthescientistsarenotsurethatonepipewillbeenoughtopreventexplosions．TheyhopetoputinotherssoonandtheyplantoinstallasimilarpipeandacomputersystematLakeMonounaswell． Toprotectpeoplenearbyuntilallofthepipesareinplace．thescientistshaveinstalledearlywarningsystemsatbothlakes.Ifthegaspressurerisestoadangerouslevelcomputerswillsetoffloudsirens警报andbrightlightstowarnthepeopleinthevillages．Thatwaytheywillhavetimetoescapefromthedangerousgases． WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutLakeNyosandLakeMonounistrue?
Michaelisnow{{U}}merely{{/U}}agoodfriend．
NewProductWillSaveLives Drinkingwaterthatlookscleanmaystillcontainbugs虫子whichCancauseillness．AsmallcompanycalledGeneraTechnologieshasproducedatestingmethodinthreestageswhichshowswhetherwaterissafe．Thenewtestshowsifwaterneedschemicalsaddedtoittodestroyanythingharmful．ItwasinventedbyscientistDr．AdrianPatton．WhostartedGenerafiveYearsago．HeandhisemployeeshavedevelopedthetesttogetherwithaBritishwatercompany． AndyHeadlandGenera’smarketingdirectorrecentlypresentedthetestataconferenceintheUSAandforecastgoodAmericansalesforit．Generahasalreadysold11ofitstestsat$42500atimeintheUKandhasafurtherfouronorder．Itexpectstosellanother25testsbeforetheendofMarch．ThecompanysaysitistheonlytestintheUKtobeapprovedbythegovernment． GenerawasformedfiveyearsagoanduntilOctoberlastyearhadonlyfiveemployeesitnowemploys14.Mr.Headlandbelievesthatthecompanyshouldmakearound$19millionbytheendoftheyearintheUKalone． ThenewproducthasbeenacommercialSuccessintheUSA．
材料暂缺Nightingaleplayedagreatrolein
第二篇APhoneThatKnowsYou’reBusy It’samodernproblemyou’retoobusytobedisturbedbyincessant连续不断的phonecallssoyouturnyourcellphoneoff.Butifyoudon’tremembertoturnitbackonwhenyou’relessbusy．youcouldmisssomeimportantcallsifonlythephoneknewwhenitwaswisetointerruptyouyouwouldn’thavetoturnitoffatall.Insteaditcouldletcallsthroughwhenyouarenottoobusy Abunchofbehaviorsensors传感器andacleverpieceofsoftwarecoulddojustthatbyanalyzingyourbehaviortodetermineifit’sagoodtimetointerruptyou．Ifbuiltintoaphonethesystemmaydecideyou’retoobusyandaskthecallertoleaveamessageorringbacklater． JamesFogartyandScottHudsonatCamegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniabasedtheirsystemoiltinymicrophonescamerasandtouchsensorsthatrevealbodylanguageandactivity．Firsttheyhadtostudydifferentbehaviorstofindoutwhichonesstonglypredictwhetheryourmindisinterrupted Thepotentialbusynesssignalstheyfocusedonincludedwhethertheofficedoorswereleftopenorclosedthetimeofdayifotherpeoplewerewiththepersoninquestionhowclosetheyweretoeachotherandwhetherornotthecomputerwasinuse． Thesensorsmonitoredtheseandmanyotherfactorswhilefoursubjectswereatwork.Atrandomintervalsthesubjectsratedhowinterruptibletheywereonascalerangingfromhighlyinterruptible’’tohighlynot—interruptible.Theirratingswerethencorrelatedwiththevariousbehaviors.Itisashotgun随意的approachweusedalltheindicatorswecouldthinkofandthenletstatisticsfindoutwhichwereimportantsaysHudson Themodelshowedthatusingthekeyboardandtalkingonalandlineortosomeoneelseintheofficecorrelatedmoststronglywithhowinterruptiblethesubjectsjudgedthemselvestobe． Interestinglythecomputerwasactuallybetterthanpeopleatpredictingwhensomeonewastoobusytobeinterrupted.Thecomputergotitright82percentofthetimehumans77percent．Fogartyspeculatesthatthismightbebecausepeopledoingtheinterruptingareinevitablybiasedtowardsdeliveringtheirmessagewhereascomputersdon’tcare． ThefirstapplicationforHudsonandFogarty’ssystemislikelytobeinaninstantmessagingsystemfollowedbyofficephonesandcellphones．Thereisnotechnologicalroadblock障碍toitbeingdeployedinacoupleofyearssaysHudson ScientistsatCarnegieMenonUniversitytriedtofindout
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