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Global Warming ? ?1 ?Smoke is clouding our view of global warming, protecting the planet from perha...
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GlobalWarming??1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwar
GlobalWarming??1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwar
GlobalWarming??1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwar
GlobalWarming??1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwar
??????????????????????GlobalWarming1?Smokeiscloudi
GlobalWarming??1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwar
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选
GlobalWarming??1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwar
??????????????????????GlobalWarming1?Smokeiscloudi
—Whywasthesummit高峰会谈held?—______.
Deal with the global warming.
To deal with the global warming.
Dealing with the global warming.
To have dealt with the global warming.
GlobalWarming??1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwar
??????????????????????GlobalWarming1?Smokeiscloudi
??????????????????????GlobalWarming1?Smokeiscloudi
GlobalWarming??1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwar
??????????????????????GlobalWarming1?Smokeiscloudi
??????????????????????GlobalWarming1?Smokeiscloudi
GlobalWarming??1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwar
GlobalWarming??1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwar
GlobalWarming??1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwar
??????????????????????GlobalWarming1?Smokeiscloudi
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HowtheBodyKeepstheSameTemperature Thetemperatureofyourbodyshouldbealwaysjustthesamenomatterwhethertheweatheristrotorcold.Thatiswhythedoctoruseshisthermometerwhenyouaresick.Whenyouarewellyourtemperatureisninety-eightandsixtenthsdegrees.Ifhefindsit51thanthatitisasuresignthatsomethingiswrong. Thebodykeepsthesametemperatureallthetimebecauseitbalances平衡theheatitproducesand52off.Itisalwaysburningupfoodandproducingheat.Itcanproduceheatfasterwhenitneedstoorgiveoffheatfasterwhenitbecomestoowarm.Let’ssee53thishappens. Theheatofyourbodyisgivenoffchieflythroughtheskin.Whenyouare54yourskinistightandshows"gooseflesh".Whenyougetchilly寒冷的youmustdancearoundtokeepwarmor55youwillshiver颤抖.56yourmusclesbegintoworkburnupfuelandproducemoreheat.Itisnot57toshiversoyouusuallypreferwarmingupbyexerciseorput58moreclothestokeepheatin. Whenyouarewarmtheskinislooseandsoft.Itissosupplied59bloodthatheatisgivenoffrapidly.Ifyougettoohotyoubegintosweatand60bodyheatisusedinevaporating蒸发themoisture潮湿fromyourskin.Youwearlessclothingtooinwarm61orinawarmroomsothatwarmthcanbegivenofffreely.Youfeelyoudon’t62exercisingbecauseyourbodyiswarm63andtheextraheatproducedbyexercisemakesyouuncomfortable. Youcanseefromthiswhyyou64differentlyindifferentkindsofweather.Insummerwhenitiswarmyoufeeltiredandlazy.Youdonotcaretoworkorplaybutenjoylyinganddoingnothing.Whenyougetoutofdoorsinwinterthecoldairmakesyoufeel65.Youwanttorunandplay. 59
TeachingPoetryNopoemshouldeverbediscussedoranalyzeduntilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeoneteacherorstudent.Betterstillperhapsisthepracticeofreadingittwiceonceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheendsothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.Alldiscussionsofpoetryareinfactpreparationsforreadingitaloudandthereadingofthepoemisfinallythemosttellinginterpretationofitsuggestingtonerhythmandmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadtheworkinhisorherownvoiceonrecordsoronfilmisobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitorbestofallreciting背诵it.Ihavecometothinkinfactthattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthananalyzingitifthereisn’ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryisacriticismoflifeandaheightening提升oflife.Itisanapproachtothetruthoffeelinganditcansaveyourlife.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon’tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnatureaboutitssoundaswellasitssenseandtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.Thephrasemakeroominthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby
HowtheBodyKeepstheSameTemperature Thetemperatureofyourbodyshouldbealwaysjustthesamenomatterwhethertheweatheristrotorcold.Thatiswhythedoctoruseshisthermometerwhenyouaresick.Whenyouarewellyourtemperatureisninety-eightandsixtenthsdegrees.Ifhefindsit51thanthatitisasuresignthatsomethingiswrong. Thebodykeepsthesametemperatureallthetimebecauseitbalances平衡theheatitproducesand52off.Itisalwaysburningupfoodandproducingheat.Itcanproduceheatfasterwhenitneedstoorgiveoffheatfasterwhenitbecomestoowarm.Let’ssee53thishappens. Theheatofyourbodyisgivenoffchieflythroughtheskin.Whenyouare54yourskinistightandshows"gooseflesh".Whenyougetchilly寒冷的youmustdancearoundtokeepwarmor55youwillshiver颤抖.56yourmusclesbegintoworkburnupfuelandproducemoreheat.Itisnot57toshiversoyouusuallypreferwarmingupbyexerciseorput58moreclothestokeepheatin. Whenyouarewarmtheskinislooseandsoft.Itissosupplied59bloodthatheatisgivenoffrapidly.Ifyougettoohotyoubegintosweatand60bodyheatisusedinevaporating蒸发themoisture潮湿fromyourskin.Youwearlessclothingtooinwarm61orinawarmroomsothatwarmthcanbegivenofffreely.Youfeelyoudon’t62exercisingbecauseyourbodyiswarm63andtheextraheatproducedbyexercisemakesyouuncomfortable. Youcanseefromthiswhyyou64differentlyindifferentkindsofweather.Insummerwhenitiswarmyoufeeltiredandlazy.Youdonotcaretoworkorplaybutenjoylyinganddoingnothing.Whenyougetoutofdoorsinwinterthecoldairmakesyoufeel65.Youwanttorunandplay. 61
HowtheBodyKeepstheSameTemperature Thetemperatureofyourbodyshouldbealwaysjustthesamenomatterwhethertheweatheristrotorcold.Thatiswhythedoctoruseshisthermometerwhenyouaresick.Whenyouarewellyourtemperatureisninety-eightandsixtenthsdegrees.Ifhefindsit51thanthatitisasuresignthatsomethingiswrong. Thebodykeepsthesametemperatureallthetimebecauseitbalances平衡theheatitproducesand52off.Itisalwaysburningupfoodandproducingheat.Itcanproduceheatfasterwhenitneedstoorgiveoffheatfasterwhenitbecomestoowarm.Let’ssee53thishappens. Theheatofyourbodyisgivenoffchieflythroughtheskin.Whenyouare54yourskinistightandshows"gooseflesh".Whenyougetchilly寒冷的youmustdancearoundtokeepwarmor55youwillshiver颤抖.56yourmusclesbegintoworkburnupfuelandproducemoreheat.Itisnot57toshiversoyouusuallypreferwarmingupbyexerciseorput58moreclothestokeepheatin. Whenyouarewarmtheskinislooseandsoft.Itissosupplied59bloodthatheatisgivenoffrapidly.Ifyougettoohotyoubegintosweatand60bodyheatisusedinevaporating蒸发themoisture潮湿fromyourskin.Youwearlessclothingtooinwarm61orinawarmroomsothatwarmthcanbegivenofffreely.Youfeelyoudon’t62exercisingbecauseyourbodyiswarm63andtheextraheatproducedbyexercisemakesyouuncomfortable. Youcanseefromthiswhyyou64differentlyindifferentkindsofweather.Insummerwhenitiswarmyoufeeltiredandlazy.Youdonotcaretoworkorplaybutenjoylyinganddoingnothing.Whenyougetoutofdoorsinwinterthecoldairmakesyoufeel65.Youwanttorunandplay. 63
SmokingSince1939numerousstudieshavebeenconductedtodeterminewhethersmokingisahealthhazard.Thetrendoftheevidencehasbeenconsistentandindicatesthatthereisaserioushealthrisk.Researchteamshaveconductedstudiesthatshowbeyondallreasonabledoubtthattobaccosmokingisassociatedwithashortenedlifeexpectancy.Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostresearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentofcancerofthelungsandcancerofthethroatandisbelievedtoberelatedtocancerofsomeotherorgansofthebody.Malecigarettesmokershaveahigherdeathratefromheartdiseasethannon-smokingmales.Femalesmokersarethoughttobelessaffectedbecausetheydonotbreatheinthesmokesodeeply.Apartfromstatisticsitmightbehelpfultolookatwhattobaccodoestothehumanbody.Smokeisamixtureofgasesvaporizedchemicalsminuteparticlesofashandothersolids.ThereisalsonicotinewhichispowerfulPoisonandblacktar.Assmokeisbreathedinallthosecomponentsfromdepositsonthemembranesofthelungs.Onepointofconcentrationiswheretheairtubeandbronchusdivides.Mostlungcancerbeginsatthispoint.Filtersandlowtartobaccoareclaimedtomakesmokingtosomeextentsaferbuttheycanonlyslightlyreducenoteliminatethehazards.Itiseasytodeterminewhethersmokingishazardous.
SmokingSince1939numerousstudieshavebeenconductedtodeterminewhethersmokingisahealthhazard.Thetrendoftheevidencehasbeenconsistentandindicatesthatthereisaserioushealthrisk.Researchteamshaveconductedstudiesthatshowbeyondallreasonabledoubtthattobaccosmokingisassociatedwithashortenedlifeexpectancy.Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostresearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentofcancerofthelungsandcancerofthethroatandisbelievedtoberelatedtocancerofsomeotherorgansofthebody.Malecigarettesmokershaveahigherdeathratefromheartdiseasethannon-smokingmales.Femalesmokersarethoughttobelessaffectedbecausetheydonotbreatheinthesmokesodeeply.Apartfromstatisticsitmightbehelpfultolookatwhattobaccodoestothehumanbody.Smokeisamixtureofgasesvaporizedchemicalsminuteparticlesofashandothersolids.ThereisalsonicotinewhichispowerfulPoisonandblacktar.Assmokeisbreathedinallthosecomponentsfromdepositsonthemembranesofthelungs.Onepointofconcentrationiswheretheairtubeandbronchusdivides.Mostlungcancerbeginsatthispoint.Filtersandlowtartobaccoareclaimedtomakesmokingtosomeextentsaferbuttheycanonlyslightlyreducenoteliminatethehazards.Smokingmayinducelungcancer.
{{*HTML*}}??????????????????????GlobalWarming1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwarmingprotectingtheplanetfromperhapsthree-quartersofthegreenhouse温室effect.Thatmightsoundlikegoodnewsbutexpertssaythatasthecoverdiminishesincomingdecadeswearefacingadramaticincreaseofwarmingthatcouldbetwooreventhreetimesasgreatasofficialbestguesses.2?ThiswasthedramaticconclusionreachedlastweekataworkshopinDahlemBerlinwheretopatmosphericscientistsgottogetherincludingNobelprizewinnerPaulCrutzen?andSwedish?scientist?Bert?Bolin?former?chairman?of?the?UN’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeIPCC.3?IPCCscientistshavesuspectedforadecadethataerosols浮质ofsmokeandotherparticlesfromburningrainforestcropwasteandfossilfuelsareblockingsunlightandcounteractingthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxide二氧化物emissions.Untilnowtheyreckonedthataerosolsreducedgreenhousewarmingbyperhapsaquartercuttingincreasesby0.2℃.Sothe0.6℃ofwarmingoverthepastcenturywouldhavebeen0.8℃withoutaerosols.4?ButtheBerlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigureisevenhigher—aerosolsmayhavereducedglobalwarmingbyasmuchasthree-quarterscuttingincreasesby1.8℃.Ifsothegoodnewsisthataerosolshavepreventedtheworldgettingalmosttwodegreeswarmerthanitisnow.Butthebadnewsisthattheclimatesystemismuchmoresensitivetogreenhousegasesthanpreviouslyguessed.5?Asthosegasesareexpectedtocontinueaccumulatingintheatmospherewhileaerosolsstabilizeorfallthatmeansdramaticconsequencesforestimatesoffutureclimatechangethescientistsagreedinadraftreportfromtheworkshop.TheconclusionreachedattheBerlinworkshop______
TheGulfWarThePentagonordered16099bodybagstobeshippedtothePersianGulftobringhomedeadAmericans.Intheend15773ofthebagswerenotnecessary.TheIraqiarmywouldhaveneeded--whatOnehundredthousandbodybagsMoreNooneknowsorwilleverknow.NoonehascountedtheIraqicorpses尸体.Manyofthemwereburiedinthesandwithoutceremony;somehavebeentakencareofbyvultures.ThatsofewsoldiersinthecoalitiondiedsomehowseemedtoAmericansavindication.ItwasevenareturnoftheirshiningselfofBuffaloBillwhoE.E.Cummingswrotecouldrideawatersmooth-silverstallionandbreakonetwothreefourfivepigeonsjustlikethat.Theunspokentextwasthis:thenationhadrecovereditsimmunityitsdivinefavouroranywayitsgiftfordoingthingsright.ThevictorywasassatisfyingasanythingAmericanshavedonetogethersincelandingonthemoon.WoulditbeseemlytohaveamomentofsilencefortheIraqicorpsesItisnotinconsequential不合理的tokill100000people.Thatmuchlifesuddenlyandviolentlyextinguishedmustleavearaggedholesomewhereintheuniverse.Onelooksforspecialeffectsofametaphysical超自然的kindtoattendsomuchdeath—thewhooshofallthosesoulsdeparting.Butmanyofthemdiedingloriously不体面的likeroadkillfulloftheirdisgracefacedownwiththetootscatteredaroundthem.Theconqueredoftendieignominiously.Thevictorshavenotgiventhemmuchthought.Stillkilling100000peopleisaseriousthingtodo.ItisnotequivalenttoshootingarabiddogwhichisdowndeepwhatAmericansfeelthewarwasallaboutexterminatingabeastwithrabies.Allthose100000menwerenotmegalomaniacs夸大狂者torturersandmurderers.TheydidnotallcommitatrocitiesinKuwait.Theywereordinarypeople:peasantstruckdriversstudentsandsoon...Theyhadtheloveoftheirfamiliesthedignityoftheirlivesandwork.Theycaredaslittleforpoliticsorlessthanmostpeopleintheworld.TheywerepreciselynotSaddamHussein.WhichmeanssinceSaddamwasthecoalition’sonetruetargetinallofthisthatthose100000corpsesaresotospeakcollateral附带的damage.Thefamoussmartbombsdidnotfindtheonemantheywereseeking.These100000peoplewere
IfImadeamistakeIwilltrytoremedyit.
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.IfsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointWasthereinkeepingthesereserves 1realityofcourseitwasnaiveto2thateveryonewouldlet3ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave4vials.5thelast"official"stocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia6noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave7ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe8fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’sagoodreasonto9thevirus—justin10thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe11withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia12.Keepthevirus13internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’t14theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus15usefulthenlet’smakeittheservantofallhumanity—notjustapartofit. 2.
TeachingPoetryNopoemshouldeverbediscussedoranalyzeduntilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeoneteacherorstudent.Betterstillperhapsisthepracticeofreadingittwiceonceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheendsothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.Alldiscussionsofpoetryareinfactpreparationsforreadingitaloudandthereadingofthepoemisfinallythemosttellinginterpretationofitsuggestingtonerhythmandmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadtheworkinhisorherownvoiceonrecordsoronfilmisobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitorbestofallreciting背诵it.Ihavecometothinkinfactthattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthananalyzingitifthereisn’ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryisacriticismoflifeandaheightening提升oflife.Itisanapproachtothetruthoffeelinganditcansaveyourlife.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon’tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnatureaboutitssoundaswellasitssenseandtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.Tohaveabetterunderstandingofapoemoneshould
Thecouncilmeetingterminatedat2o'clock.
Thatguyisreallywitty.
{{*HTML*}}CaribbeanIslands??WhatwouldyouseeifyoutookacruisetotheCaribbeanIslands?Palmtreesandcoconuts椰子?whitebeachesandclearblueocean?Colorfulcorals珊瑚andevenmorecolorfulfishesandbirds?Youbet.TherearethousandsofislandsintheCaribbeanSea.Theyarefamousfortheirwarmtropicalclimateandgreatnaturalbeauty.??TheCaribbeanIslandsformachainthatseparatestheCaribbeanSeafromtherestoftheAtlanticOcean.?46?Manyoftheislandswereformedbytheeruption爆发ofancientvolcanoes火山.Othersarelow-lyingcoralislandsthatgraduallyrosefromtheocean.??TheCaribbeanIslandsareknownbyseveralnames.?47?TheexplorerChristopherColumbuscalledtheislandstheIndiesin1492becausehethoughthewasnearthecoastofIndia.LaterSpainandFrancecalledtheislandstheAntilles.??TherearefourlargeislandsintheCaribbeanSea.?48?ThesefourislandsareoftencalledtheGreaterAntilles.Togethertheyaccountforabout90percentofthelandareaoftheCaribbeanIslands.??TherestoftheCaribbeanIslandsaremuchsmaller.?49?YoucanseewhypiratessuchasthefamousBlackbeardsailedthesewaters.Therearecountlesssmallislandstoburytreasureorhideon.??TheweatheroftheCaribbeanSeaisalmostalwayswarmandsunny.Sandybeacheslinethecoastsofmanyislands.?50?Manytouristsarriveoncruiseships.??A.ButlifeontheCaribbeanIslandsisnotalwaysparadise.??B.TheearliestnameusedbyEuropeansistheIndieslaterchangedtotheWestIndies.??C.They’relikealongnecklacethatstretchesbetweenNorthandSouthAmerica.??D.TheyareCubaPuertoRicoJamaicaandHispaniola.??E.Thisiswhymillionsoftouristsvisittheislandseachyear??F.Someoftheseislandsarenomorethantinyslivers小片ofexposedcoral
DancingintheStreetsIfthereisonethingcertaintogetBraziliansontheirfeetitistheRioCarnival狂欢节.HeldinRiodeJaneirothecountry’sbiggestcitythecarnivalbeganonFebruary20whenthemayorgavekeyofthecitytoReiMomo-theLordofMisrule无序之皇Onhisorderseachyearpeopleturnthecityintoaparadiseofdanceandmusic.Thefollowingsixdaysaresofunofparadesstreetdancingfantasticclothesandpartying聚会thatmanypeopleforgetabouteatingandsleeping.ItwasthepassionofthecarnivalthatattractedmetoBrazilandmademesettledowninRio.saidBobNadkarniaBritishmanwhohaslivedinthecityforseveralyears.FormanyBraziliansthecenterpieceofthecarnivalissamba桑巴舞atypicalBraziliandance.Everyyeartensofthousandsofvisitorsandlocalsshowofftheirpassionandenergyinthestreetsfollowingthebeat节拍oftheLatinmusic.Theclimaxtothisstreetpartyisthefloat彩车paradeinwhichfloatsdecoratedwithtonsoffreshflowersbyvarioussambaschoolsandlocalcommunitiesmovethroughthecity.OnthetopofeachfloatstandsthecandidatefortheDrumQueenwhoischosenattheendoftheparty.Whilemostpeoplearefreetoenjoythecelebrations.Rio’spoliceofficershavetokeepaclearhead.FollowingthemurderofthreeofficersinagunfightearlylastweektheBrazilianGovernmenthastightenedsecurityinRio.Thestreetfightingrobberyandsexcrimesthataccompanythecarnivalareverydifficulttopolice.CarnivalsbeganinancientRomeasacelebrationatwhichpeoplefedwildwolvesinhonorofthecity’sfounderwhowassaidtohavebeenraisedbyashe-wolf.Brazilgavenewlifetothistraditionandsodespitethetroublesthecarnivalwillremainasymbolofthecountry’sculture.AccordingtothepassageBobNadkamiis______.
TeachingPoetryNopoemshouldeverbediscussedoranalyzeduntilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeoneteacherorstudent.Betterstillperhapsisthepracticeofreadingittwiceonceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheendsothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.Alldiscussionsofpoetryareinfactpreparationsforreadingitaloudandthereadingofthepoemisfinallythemosttellinginterpretationofitsuggestingtonerhythmandmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadtheworkinhisorherownvoiceonrecordsoronfilmisobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitorbestofallreciting背诵it.Ihavecometothinkinfactthattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthananalyzingitifthereisn’ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryisacriticismoflifeandaheightening提升oflife.Itisanapproachtothetruthoffeelinganditcansaveyourlife.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon’tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnatureaboutitssoundaswellasitssenseandtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.AccordingtothewriteroneofthepurposesofteachingEnglishistogetstudents
SmokingSince1939numerousstudieshavebeenconductedtodeterminewhethersmokingisahealthhazard.Thetrendoftheevidencehasbeenconsistentandindicatesthatthereisaserioushealthrisk.Researchteamshaveconductedstudiesthatshowbeyondallreasonabledoubtthattobaccosmokingisassociatedwithashortenedlifeexpectancy.Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostresearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentofcancerofthelungsandcancerofthethroatandisbelievedtoberelatedtocancerofsomeotherorgansofthebody.Malecigarettesmokershaveahigherdeathratefromheartdiseasethannon-smokingmales.Femalesmokersarethoughttobelessaffectedbecausetheydonotbreatheinthesmokesodeeply.Apartfromstatisticsitmightbehelpfultolookatwhattobaccodoestothehumanbody.Smokeisamixtureofgasesvaporizedchemicalsminuteparticlesofashandothersolids.ThereisalsonicotinewhichispowerfulPoisonandblacktar.Assmokeisbreathedinallthosecomponentsfromdepositsonthemembranesofthelungs.Onepointofconcentrationiswheretheairtubeandbronchusdivides.Mostlungcancerbeginsatthispoint.Filtersandlowtartobaccoareclaimedtomakesmokingtosomeextentsaferbuttheycanonlyslightlyreducenoteliminatethehazards.Filtersandlowtartobaccomakesmokingsafer.
{{*HTML*}}CaribbeanIslands??WhatwouldyouseeifyoutookacruisetotheCaribbeanIslands?Palmtreesandcoconuts椰子?whitebeachesandclearblueocean?Colorfulcorals珊瑚andevenmorecolorfulfishesandbirds?Youbet.TherearethousandsofislandsintheCaribbeanSea.Theyarefamousfortheirwarmtropicalclimateandgreatnaturalbeauty.??TheCaribbeanIslandsformachainthatseparatestheCaribbeanSeafromtherestoftheAtlanticOcean.?46?Manyoftheislandswereformedbytheeruption爆发ofancientvolcanoes火山.Othersarelow-lyingcoralislandsthatgraduallyrosefromtheocean.??TheCaribbeanIslandsareknownbyseveralnames.?47?TheexplorerChristopherColumbuscalledtheislandstheIndiesin1492becausehethoughthewasnearthecoastofIndia.LaterSpainandFrancecalledtheislandstheAntilles.??TherearefourlargeislandsintheCaribbeanSea.?48?ThesefourislandsareoftencalledtheGreaterAntilles.Togethertheyaccountforabout90percentofthelandareaoftheCaribbeanIslands.??TherestoftheCaribbeanIslandsaremuchsmaller.?49?YoucanseewhypiratessuchasthefamousBlackbeardsailedthesewaters.Therearecountlesssmallislandstoburytreasureorhideon.??TheweatheroftheCaribbeanSeaisalmostalwayswarmandsunny.Sandybeacheslinethecoastsofmanyislands.?50?Manytouristsarriveoncruiseships.??A.ButlifeontheCaribbeanIslandsisnotalwaysparadise.??B.TheearliestnameusedbyEuropeansistheIndieslaterchangedtotheWestIndies.??C.They’relikealongnecklacethatstretchesbetweenNorthandSouthAmerica.??D.TheyareCubaPuertoRicoJamaicaandHispaniola.??E.Thisiswhymillionsoftouristsvisittheislandseachyear??F.Someoftheseislandsarenomorethantinyslivers小片ofexposedcoral
{{*HTML*}}CaribbeanIslands??WhatwouldyouseeifyoutookacruisetotheCaribbeanIslands?Palmtreesandcoconuts椰子?whitebeachesandclearblueocean?Colorfulcorals珊瑚andevenmorecolorfulfishesandbirds?Youbet.TherearethousandsofislandsintheCaribbeanSea.Theyarefamousfortheirwarmtropicalclimateandgreatnaturalbeauty.??TheCaribbeanIslandsformachainthatseparatestheCaribbeanSeafromtherestoftheAtlanticOcean.?46?Manyoftheislandswereformedbytheeruption爆发ofancientvolcanoes火山.Othersarelow-lyingcoralislandsthatgraduallyrosefromtheocean.??TheCaribbeanIslandsareknownbyseveralnames.?47?TheexplorerChristopherColumbuscalledtheislandstheIndiesin1492becausehethoughthewasnearthecoastofIndia.LaterSpainandFrancecalledtheislandstheAntilles.??TherearefourlargeislandsintheCaribbeanSea.?48?ThesefourislandsareoftencalledtheGreaterAntilles.Togethertheyaccountforabout90percentofthelandareaoftheCaribbeanIslands.??TherestoftheCaribbeanIslandsaremuchsmaller.?49?YoucanseewhypiratessuchasthefamousBlackbeardsailedthesewaters.Therearecountlesssmallislandstoburytreasureorhideon.??TheweatheroftheCaribbeanSeaisalmostalwayswarmandsunny.Sandybeacheslinethecoastsofmanyislands.?50?Manytouristsarriveoncruiseships.??A.ButlifeontheCaribbeanIslandsisnotalwaysparadise.??B.TheearliestnameusedbyEuropeansistheIndieslaterchangedtotheWestIndies.??C.They’relikealongnecklacethatstretchesbetweenNorthandSouthAmerica.??D.TheyareCubaPuertoRicoJamaicaandHispaniola.??E.Thisiswhymillionsoftouristsvisittheislandseachyear??F.Someoftheseislandsarenomorethantinyslivers小片ofexposedcoral
TheGulfWarThePentagonordered16099bodybagstobeshippedtothePersianGulftobringhomedeadAmericans.Intheend15773ofthebagswerenotnecessary.TheIraqiarmywouldhaveneeded--whatOnehundredthousandbodybagsMoreNooneknowsorwilleverknow.NoonehascountedtheIraqicorpses尸体.Manyofthemwereburiedinthesandwithoutceremony;somehavebeentakencareofbyvultures.ThatsofewsoldiersinthecoalitiondiedsomehowseemedtoAmericansavindication.ItwasevenareturnoftheirshiningselfofBuffaloBillwhoE.E.Cummingswrotecouldrideawatersmooth-silverstallionandbreakonetwothreefourfivepigeonsjustlikethat.Theunspokentextwasthis:thenationhadrecovereditsimmunityitsdivinefavouroranywayitsgiftfordoingthingsright.ThevictorywasassatisfyingasanythingAmericanshavedonetogethersincelandingonthemoon.WoulditbeseemlytohaveamomentofsilencefortheIraqicorpsesItisnotinconsequential不合理的tokill100000people.Thatmuchlifesuddenlyandviolentlyextinguishedmustleavearaggedholesomewhereintheuniverse.Onelooksforspecialeffectsofametaphysical超自然的kindtoattendsomuchdeath—thewhooshofallthosesoulsdeparting.Butmanyofthemdiedingloriously不体面的likeroadkillfulloftheirdisgracefacedownwiththetootscatteredaroundthem.Theconqueredoftendieignominiously.Thevictorshavenotgiventhemmuchthought.Stillkilling100000peopleisaseriousthingtodo.ItisnotequivalenttoshootingarabiddogwhichisdowndeepwhatAmericansfeelthewarwasallaboutexterminatingabeastwithrabies.Allthose100000menwerenotmegalomaniacs夸大狂者torturersandmurderers.TheydidnotallcommitatrocitiesinKuwait.Theywereordinarypeople:peasantstruckdriversstudentsandsoon...Theyhadtheloveoftheirfamiliesthedignityoftheirlivesandwork.Theycaredaslittleforpoliticsorlessthanmostpeopleintheworld.TheywerepreciselynotSaddamHussein.WhichmeanssinceSaddamwasthecoalition’sonetruetargetinallofthisthatthose100000corpsesaresotospeakcollateral附带的damage.Thefamoussmartbombsdidnotfindtheonemantheywereseeking.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue
SmokingSince1939numerousstudieshavebeenconductedtodeterminewhethersmokingisahealthhazard.Thetrendoftheevidencehasbeenconsistentandindicatesthatthereisaserioushealthrisk.Researchteamshaveconductedstudiesthatshowbeyondallreasonabledoubtthattobaccosmokingisassociatedwithashortenedlifeexpectancy.Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostresearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentofcancerofthelungsandcancerofthethroatandisbelievedtoberelatedtocancerofsomeotherorgansofthebody.Malecigarettesmokershaveahigherdeathratefromheartdiseasethannon-smokingmales.Femalesmokersarethoughttobelessaffectedbecausetheydonotbreatheinthesmokesodeeply.Apartfromstatisticsitmightbehelpfultolookatwhattobaccodoestothehumanbody.Smokeisamixtureofgasesvaporizedchemicalsminuteparticlesofashandothersolids.ThereisalsonicotinewhichispowerfulPoisonandblacktar.Assmokeisbreathedinallthosecomponentsfromdepositsonthemembranesofthelungs.Onepointofconcentrationiswheretheairtubeandbronchusdivides.Mostlungcancerbeginsatthispoint.Filtersandlowtartobaccoareclaimedtomakesmokingtosomeextentsaferbuttheycanonlyslightlyreducenoteliminatethehazards.Malesmokershavealowerdeathratefromheartdiseasethanfemalesmokers
HowtheBodyKeepstheSameTemperature Thetemperatureofyourbodyshouldbealwaysjustthesamenomatterwhethertheweatheristrotorcold.Thatiswhythedoctoruseshisthermometerwhenyouaresick.Whenyouarewellyourtemperatureisninety-eightandsixtenthsdegrees.Ifhefindsit51thanthatitisasuresignthatsomethingiswrong. Thebodykeepsthesametemperatureallthetimebecauseitbalances平衡theheatitproducesand52off.Itisalwaysburningupfoodandproducingheat.Itcanproduceheatfasterwhenitneedstoorgiveoffheatfasterwhenitbecomestoowarm.Let’ssee53thishappens. Theheatofyourbodyisgivenoffchieflythroughtheskin.Whenyouare54yourskinistightandshows"gooseflesh".Whenyougetchilly寒冷的youmustdancearoundtokeepwarmor55youwillshiver颤抖.56yourmusclesbegintoworkburnupfuelandproducemoreheat.Itisnot57toshiversoyouusuallypreferwarmingupbyexerciseorput58moreclothestokeepheatin. Whenyouarewarmtheskinislooseandsoft.Itissosupplied59bloodthatheatisgivenoffrapidly.Ifyougettoohotyoubegintosweatand60bodyheatisusedinevaporating蒸发themoisture潮湿fromyourskin.Youwearlessclothingtooinwarm61orinawarmroomsothatwarmthcanbegivenofffreely.Youfeelyoudon’t62exercisingbecauseyourbodyiswarm63andtheextraheatproducedbyexercisemakesyouuncomfortable. Youcanseefromthiswhyyou64differentlyindifferentkindsofweather.Insummerwhenitiswarmyoufeeltiredandlazy.Youdonotcaretoworkorplaybutenjoylyinganddoingnothing.Whenyougetoutofdoorsinwinterthecoldairmakesyoufeel65.Youwanttorunandplay. 65
{{*HTML*}}??????????????????????GlobalWarming1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwarmingprotectingtheplanetfromperhapsthree-quartersofthegreenhouse温室effect.Thatmightsoundlikegoodnewsbutexpertssaythatasthecoverdiminishesincomingdecadeswearefacingadramaticincreaseofwarmingthatcouldbetwooreventhreetimesasgreatasofficialbestguesses.2?ThiswasthedramaticconclusionreachedlastweekataworkshopinDahlemBerlinwheretopatmosphericscientistsgottogetherincludingNobelprizewinnerPaulCrutzen?andSwedish?scientist?Bert?Bolin?former?chairman?of?the?UN’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeIPCC.3?IPCCscientistshavesuspectedforadecadethataerosols浮质ofsmokeandotherparticlesfromburningrainforestcropwasteandfossilfuelsareblockingsunlightandcounteractingthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxide二氧化物emissions.Untilnowtheyreckonedthataerosolsreducedgreenhousewarmingbyperhapsaquartercuttingincreasesby0.2℃.Sothe0.6℃ofwarmingoverthepastcenturywouldhavebeen0.8℃withoutaerosols.4?ButtheBerlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigureisevenhigher—aerosolsmayhavereducedglobalwarmingbyasmuchasthree-quarterscuttingincreasesby1.8℃.Ifsothegoodnewsisthataerosolshavepreventedtheworldgettingalmosttwodegreeswarmerthanitisnow.Butthebadnewsisthattheclimatesystemismuchmoresensitivetogreenhousegasesthanpreviouslyguessed.5?Asthosegasesareexpectedtocontinueaccumulatingintheatmospherewhileaerosolsstabilizeorfallthatmeansdramaticconsequencesforestimatesoffutureclimatechangethescientistsagreedinadraftreportfromtheworkshop.Paragraph3______
Didyoudothattoirritateher.
DancingintheStreetsIfthereisonethingcertaintogetBraziliansontheirfeetitistheRioCarnival狂欢节.HeldinRiodeJaneirothecountry’sbiggestcitythecarnivalbeganonFebruary20whenthemayorgavekeyofthecitytoReiMomo-theLordofMisrule无序之皇Onhisorderseachyearpeopleturnthecityintoaparadiseofdanceandmusic.Thefollowingsixdaysaresofunofparadesstreetdancingfantasticclothesandpartying聚会thatmanypeopleforgetabouteatingandsleeping.ItwasthepassionofthecarnivalthatattractedmetoBrazilandmademesettledowninRio.saidBobNadkarniaBritishmanwhohaslivedinthecityforseveralyears.FormanyBraziliansthecenterpieceofthecarnivalissamba桑巴舞atypicalBraziliandance.Everyyeartensofthousandsofvisitorsandlocalsshowofftheirpassionandenergyinthestreetsfollowingthebeat节拍oftheLatinmusic.Theclimaxtothisstreetpartyisthefloat彩车paradeinwhichfloatsdecoratedwithtonsoffreshflowersbyvarioussambaschoolsandlocalcommunitiesmovethroughthecity.OnthetopofeachfloatstandsthecandidatefortheDrumQueenwhoischosenattheendoftheparty.Whilemostpeoplearefreetoenjoythecelebrations.Rio’spoliceofficershavetokeepaclearhead.FollowingthemurderofthreeofficersinagunfightearlylastweektheBrazilianGovernmenthastightenedsecurityinRio.Thestreetfightingrobberyandsexcrimesthataccompanythecarnivalareverydifficulttopolice.CarnivalsbeganinancientRomeasacelebrationatwhichpeoplefedwildwolvesinhonorofthecity’sfounderwhowassaidtohavebeenraisedbyashe-wolf.Brazilgavenewlifetothistraditionandsodespitethetroublesthecarnivalwillremainasymbolofthecountry’sculture.Howlongdoesthecarnivallast
Redgiantstarsdonotbecomewhitedwarfstarsabruptly;theprocesstakesmorethanfifteenhundredyears.
Mr.Johnsonevidentlyregardedthisasagreatjoke.
Youhavetobepatientifyouwanttosustainyourposition.
{{*HTML*}}??????????????????????GlobalWarming1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwarmingprotectingtheplanetfromperhapsthree-quartersofthegreenhouse温室effect.Thatmightsoundlikegoodnewsbutexpertssaythatasthecoverdiminishesincomingdecadeswearefacingadramaticincreaseofwarmingthatcouldbetwooreventhreetimesasgreatasofficialbestguesses.2?ThiswasthedramaticconclusionreachedlastweekataworkshopinDahlemBerlinwheretopatmosphericscientistsgottogetherincludingNobelprizewinnerPaulCrutzen?andSwedish?scientist?Bert?Bolin?former?chairman?of?the?UN’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeIPCC.3?IPCCscientistshavesuspectedforadecadethataerosols浮质ofsmokeandotherparticlesfromburningrainforestcropwasteandfossilfuelsareblockingsunlightandcounteractingthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxide二氧化物emissions.Untilnowtheyreckonedthataerosolsreducedgreenhousewarmingbyperhapsaquartercuttingincreasesby0.2℃.Sothe0.6℃ofwarmingoverthepastcenturywouldhavebeen0.8℃withoutaerosols.4?ButtheBerlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigureisevenhigher—aerosolsmayhavereducedglobalwarmingbyasmuchasthree-quarterscuttingincreasesby1.8℃.Ifsothegoodnewsisthataerosolshavepreventedtheworldgettingalmosttwodegreeswarmerthanitisnow.Butthebadnewsisthattheclimatesystemismuchmoresensitivetogreenhousegasesthanpreviouslyguessed.5?Asthosegasesareexpectedtocontinueaccumulatingintheatmospherewhileaerosolsstabilizeorfallthatmeansdramaticconsequencesforestimatesoffutureclimatechangethescientistsagreedinadraftreportfromtheworkshop.Theincreaseofgreenhousegases______
{{*HTML*}}??????????????????????GlobalWarming1?Smokeiscloudingourviewofglobalwarmingprotectingtheplanetfromperhapsthree-quartersofthegreenhouse温室effect.Thatmightsoundlikegoodnewsbutexpertssaythatasthecoverdiminishesincomingdecadeswearefacingadramaticincreaseofwarmingthatcouldbetwooreventhreetimesasgreatasofficialbestguesses.2?ThiswasthedramaticconclusionreachedlastweekataworkshopinDahlemBerlinwheretopatmosphericscientistsgottogetherincludingNobelprizewinnerPaulCrutzen?andSwedish?scientist?Bert?Bolin?former?chairman?of?the?UN’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeIPCC.3?IPCCscientistshavesuspectedforadecadethataerosols浮质ofsmokeandotherparticlesfromburningrainforestcropwasteandfossilfuelsareblockingsunlightandcounteractingthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxide二氧化物emissions.Untilnowtheyreckonedthataerosolsreducedgreenhousewarmingbyperhapsaquartercuttingincreasesby0.2℃.Sothe0.6℃ofwarmingoverthepastcenturywouldhavebeen0.8℃withoutaerosols.4?ButtheBerlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigureisevenhigher—aerosolsmayhavereducedglobalwarmingbyasmuchasthree-quarterscuttingincreasesby1.8℃.Ifsothegoodnewsisthataerosolshavepreventedtheworldgettingalmosttwodegreeswarmerthanitisnow.Butthebadnewsisthattheclimatesystemismuchmoresensitivetogreenhousegasesthanpreviouslyguessed.5?Asthosegasesareexpectedtocontinueaccumulatingintheatmospherewhileaerosolsstabilizeorfallthatmeansdramaticconsequencesforestimatesoffutureclimatechangethescientistsagreedinadraftreportfromtheworkshop.Paragraph5______
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