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3. Will Anyone Watch 3-D TV Mark the calendar: 2010 might be the year that TV’s final frontier gets...
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I’drather________than______.
do some reading; watch TV
doing some reading; watch TV
to do some reading; watch TV
do some reading; to watch TV
JaneandJuliaenjoy______.
watch TV
to watch TV
to watching TV
watching TV
ThefollowingisaTVguidE.ThefollowingisaTVguidE.33.T
HaveyouseenAvatar阿凡达?It’sapopular3Dmovieandyoumayh
句型转换.1.IoftenwatchTVat8:00..对划线部分提问_______________
I’drather_______than______
read books; watch TV
reading books; watching TV
to read books; watch TV
read books; to watch TV
缺词填空L___1___manyotherparentsIworrythatmychildrenwa
Three-Dimensional3Dmovieshavebeenbecomingmoreandmo
Whenyouwatch3DmoviesorTVyouhavetowearaspecialpairo
A.middleschoolorganizedaNoTVWeekprogram.Alltheteac
The30thOlympicGamestookplaceinLondonfromJulytoAugu
Canwewatch3DthreedimensionalTVprogramswithoutthegl
Withthepopularityof3Dmoviesoverthepastseveralyears
阅读短文根据短文内容回答问题Haveyouhadthisexperience?Youarewatch
Manypeopleliketowatch3Dmovies.Butdoyouknowstudents
ReadingcomprehensionChoosethebestanswer:Goingtosee
—WhatdidyoudoyesterdayeveningGin
? — I._______ Titanic 3D in the City CinemA. A. watch
watched
am watching
will watch
阅读短文根据短文内容回答问题Haveyouhadthisexperience?Youarewatch
--Let'sgoforawalk.--I'msotireD.I'drather________TV
watched
to watch
watching
watch
ManypeopleliketowatchTV.1TVisoneofthemostimportant
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Intelligentcardoorclampsupwhendanger’saboutAccidentscausedbycardoorsbeingopenedintothepathofoncomingvehiclesorcyclistsarecommonincities.Buttheseincidentscouldbecomeathingofthepastifdoorsthatreacttopotentialimpactscatchon.ThecreativeideaofMichaelGrafatBMWandMichaelStrolz’steamattheTechnicalUniversityofMunichthehaptic-technologythatgivestactilefeedback-doorscouldcutbothroadinjuriesandrepairbillstheysay.Thecurrentprototypelookslikeanormalcardoorbutanextrametalbarrunsthroughitscentreandconnectstothecar’sframebetweenthehinges.Innormalmodethebarmovesfreelyanddoesn’taffectthedoor’smovement.Howeverifsensorsdetectanearbyobstacleatthesametimeasanaccelerometerdetectsanattempttoopenthedoorthedoor’sswingisrestrictedbyalinearmotorattachedtothebar.Topassonmoreinformationtotheusertheamountofdoorresistanceisinproportiontotheproximityofanobject-forexampleyoumightswingadoorhalfwayopenwithoutproblemsbeforeitgetsstifferasitnearsalamppost.Thecurrentprototypeusessupersonicsensorstospotdangersbutbecausetheyhavealimitedfieldofviewthenextversionwillusecamerasthatcanspan180°saysStrolz.Thenwewillbeabletosensethecompleteworkspaceofthedooranddetectpeoplewalkingbythecarorcyclingtowardsithesays.Reactionsfrom16volunteerswhotriedthenewdooratBMW’sMunichresearchcentrehavebeenencouragingtheteamtoldarecentconferenceonhapticsinSaltLakeCityUtah.ThetechnologyismatureenoughthatacarfactorycouldbepumpingitoutincarswithinayearsaysStrolz.Thebasicmechanismislikeonealreadyfeaturedinsomecars-forexampletaxiswithautomaticpassengerdoors.HoweverBMWisyettomakeanydecisiononwhethertorollitout.Whatbenefitscanthenewtechnologypossiblybringaccordingtothepassage
Sheisnotableforhergenerouscontributionforthereliefofthepoor.
TheteacheraskedustosubmitthereportsbeforenextMonday.
ObtainingDrinkingWaterfromAirHumidityNotaplanttobeseenthedesertgroundistoodry.Buttheaircontainswaterandresearchscientistshavefounda51ofobtainingdrinkingwaterfromairhumidity.Thesystemisbasedcompletelyonrenewableenergyandisthereforeautonomous.Crackspermeatethedried-outdesertgroundandthelandscapebearstestimonytothelackofwater.Butevenherewheretherearenolakesriversorgroundwaterconsiderablequantitiesofwaterarestoredintheair.IntheNegevdesertinIsraelforexample;annualaveragerelativeairhumidityis64percent-ineverycubicmeterofairthereaye11.5millilitersofwater.Germanresearchscientistshavefoundawayofconvertingthisairhumidityautonomouslyintodrinkablewater.Theprocesswehavedevelopedisbasedexclusivelyonrenewableenergysources52thermalsolarcollectorsandphotovoltaicceils53makesthismethodcompletelyenergy-autonomous.It54willfunctioninregionswherethereisnoelectricalinfrastructure.saysSiegfriedEgnerheadoftheresearchteam.Theprincipleofthe55isasfollows:hygroscopicbrine-salinesolutionwhichabsorbsmoisturerunsdownatower-shapedunitandabsorbswaterfromtheair.Itisthensucked56atankafewmetersoffthegroundinwhichavacuumprevails.Energyfromsolarcollector57upthebrinewhichisdilutedbythewaterithas58.Becauseofthevacuumtheboilingpointoftheliquidislowerthanitwouldbeunder59.atmosphericpressure.Thiseffectisknownfromthemountains:astheatmosphericpressurethereislowerthaninthevalleywaterboilsattemperaturesdistinctlybelow100℃.Theevaporatednon-salinewateriscondensedandrunsdownthroughacompletelyfilledtubeinacontrolledmanner.Thegravityofthiswatercolumn60producesthevacuumandsoavacuumpumpisnotneeded.Thereconcentratedbrine61downthetowersurfaceagaintoabsorbmoisturefromtheair.Theconceptissuitableforvariouswater62.Single-personunitsandplantssupplyingwatertoentirehotelsareconceivablesaysEgner.Prototypeshavebeenbuiltfor63systemcomponents-airmoistureabsorptionandvacuumevaporation-andtheresearchscientistshavealready64theirinterplayonalaboratoryscale.Inafurther65theresearchersintendtodevelopademonstrationfacility.
1.DigitalRealmInthedigitalrealmthenextbigadvancewillbevoicerecognition.Therudimentsarealreadyherebutinprimitiveform.Askacomputertorecognizespeechanditislikelytothinkyouwantittowreckanicebeach.Butinadecadeorsowe’llbeabletochatawayandmachineswillsoakitallin.Microchipswillbetrulyembeddedinourliveswhenwecantalktothem.Notonlytoourcomputers;we’llalsoabletochatourautomobilenavigationsystemstelephoneconsolesbrowsersthermostatsVCRsmicrowavesandanyotherdeviceswewanttobossaround.Thatwillopenthewaytothenextphaseofthedigitalage:artificialintelligence.Byourprovidingsomanythoughtsandpreferencestoourmachineseachdaythey’llaccumulateenoughinformationabouthowwethinksothatthey’llbeabletomimicourmindsandactasouragents.ScaryhuhButpotentiallyquiteuseful.Atleastuntiltheydon’tneedusanymoreandstartbuildingevensmartermachinestheycanbossaround.ThelawpoweringthedigitalageupuntilnowhasbeenGordonMoore’s:thatmicrochipswilldoubleinpowerandhalveinpriceevery18monthsorso.BillGatesrulesbecauseearlyonheactedontheassumptionthatcomputingpower—thecapacityofmicroprocessorsandmemorychips—wouldbecomenearlyflee;hiscompanykeptchurningoutmoreandmorelinesofcomplexsoftwaretomakeuseofthecheapbounty.Thelawthatwillpowerthenextfewdecadesisthatthebandwidththecapacityoffiber-opticandotherpipelinestocarrydigitalcommunicationswillbecomenearlyfree.Alongwiththerecentadvancesindigitalswitchingandstoragetechnologiesthismeansafutureinwhichallformsofcontent—moviesmusicshowsbooksdatamagazinesnewspapersyouraunt’srecipesandhomevideos—willbeinstantlyavailableanywhereondemand.Anyonewillbeabletobeaproducerofanycontent;you’llbeabletocreateamovieormagazinemakeitavailabletotheworldandchargeforitjustlikeTimeWarner!Theresultwillbeatransitionfromamass.marketworldtoapersonalizedone.InsteadofcentralizedfactoriesandstudiosthatdistributeorbroadcastthesameproducttomillionstechnologyisalreadyallowingproductstobetailoredtoeachuserYoucallsubscribetonewssourcesthatserveuponlytopicsandopinionsthatfityourfancy.Everythingfromshoestosteelcanbecustomizedtomeetindividualwishes.Artificialintelligencemeansmachinescanactasouragentsastheycanthink.
A.tosendgoodstovariouspansoftheworldB.atanytimeduringtheyearC.hasgreatlypromotedtradeD.isitpossibletoproduceonalargescaleE.thetransportofgoodsF.itispossibletoproduceonalargescaleThedevelopmentofmodemmeansoftransport______.
Hedoesn'tlikethechildrenwhoarepronetotellingalie.
Don’tTreatAnimalsasFurryTest-tubesMostofusagreethatthereisamoralobligationtominimizethesufferingofanycaptiveanimals.Inadditiontherearenumerousself-servingreasonswhyweshouldrespectthewelfareofourcaptivecompanions.Howevertheimpactofpooranimalwelfareonthequalityofanimalsciencealwaysconcernsascientistthemost.Rodents灵长类动物makeupover80%oftheanimalsusedinscientificproceduresandmostarekeptinsmallbarrencages.Suchhousingisknowntoconstrainnormaldevelopmentaffectingthestructureandfunctionofadultrodentbrains.Theserodentsmayspend50%ofwakinghoursperformingrepetitiveactivitieswithoutapparentpurpose.Thisabnormalbehaviorislikelytoreflectwhatisgoingoninsidethebody.AsethnologistHannoWfirbeloftheJustusLiebigUniversityofGiessenGermanyputsitThepointthattheenvironmentmightchangebehaviorbutitdoesn’tchangebiologyisridiculous.Everybehaviorhasaphysiologicalbackground.Ifwelfareaffectsbehaviorandthereforebiologyitwillaffectscientificoutcomes.Aslongaswecontinuetotreatexperimentalanimalsassimplefurrytest-tubesignoringtheirabilitiesandneedsweendangerthequalityoftheworkwedowiththem.SohowcanweimprovelifeforotherspecieswhenwecannotexperienceitastheydoWe’dbetterasktheanimals.Askthemwhattheyneedandwhatcausesthemsufferingthroughcarefullydesignedpreferencetestsandin-depthbehaviouralresearch.Scientistshavealreadybegunthistaskandhavebeentoldsomeimportantandunexpectedfactsbytheirstudysubjects.Byconsistentlyself-medicatingwithpainkillersbroilerchickens嫩鸡havetoldusthattheyareinchronicpain.Bymovingabarriertwicetheirsizemink水貂havetoldusthatwaterbathsarethemostimportantenrichmentforthem.Byonlystoppingtheirfruitlessstereotypicdiggingincertaincircumstancesgerbils沙鼠havetoldusthattheyneedtobeabletosleepintunnelednest-boxes.Bybehavingnormallyagainstarlingshavetoldusthattheyneedhighfrequencylightbulbs.Whatarescientistsmostconcernedaboutaccordingtothefirstparagraph
Halfofworld’sprimatesfaceextinctionAlmost50%oftheworld’s634primate灵长类动物speciesfaceextinctionaccordingtoareportfromtheInternationalUnionfortheConservationofNature.Habitatlossisamajorcausebutmanymonkeysandapesarebeinghuntedtoextinctionforfoodespeciallyinforestsofsouth-eastAsia.It’scheapertogointotheforestandkillamonkeythantoraiseachickensaysJean-ChristopheriedeputyheadoftheIUCN’sspeciesprogrammeandaco—authorofthereport.We’veraisedconcernsforyearsaboutprimatesbeingindangerbutnowwehavesoliddatatoshowthesituationisfarmoreseverethanweimaginedsaysRussellMittermeierpresidentofConservationInternationalwhichco-fundedthestudy.TheareasmostatriskareinVietnamandCambodiawhere90%ofspeciesarebeingdriventoextinctionbydemandformonkeymeatandbabymonkeysaspets.Mostacutelyaffectedaremedium-sizedmonkeyssuchasgibbons长臂猿leafmonkeysandlangurswhichareeasyforhunterstotrackdownandkillbecauseoftheirsizeandthenoisetheymake.InSouthAmerica.spidermonkeysandcapuchinmonkeys卷尾猴havebeenhithardest.InAfricaredcolobusmonkeysarenowcriticallyendangered.Elevenofthe13speciesassessedwerelistedascriticallyendangeredorendangered.Twomayalreadybeextinct.AmongtheAfricanspeciesthegreatapessuchasgorillas大猩猩andbonoboshavealwaystendedtograbthelimelightandeventhoughtthey’redeeplythreateneditissmallerprimatessuchastheredcolobusthatcoulddieoutfirstsaysRichardWranghampresidentoftheInternationalPrimatologicalSociety.HugepoliticaleffortsareneedednowtoreversetheimpendinglossesofthreatenedspeciessaysVid.What’sneededisnationallegislationtoprotectbiodiversitycreationofprotectedareaswithdedicatedstaffcrackdownsoncorruptionandcaptivebreedingprogrammeshesays.Butitwillbedifficulttohaltandreversethedamagedonebyhabitatdestructionandthehunters.Oncehabitatisgoneanimalshavenowheretogo.Alsokillingprimatesrapidlydepletespopulationsbecausetheyhavefeweryoungthanmanyothermammalsandtakemuchlongertobreedandraisefamilies.90%ofthespeciesinVietnamandCambodiaarebeingdriventoextinctionbecause
A.tosendgoodstovariouspansoftheworldB.atanytimeduringtheyearC.hasgreatlypromotedtradeD.isitpossibletoproduceonalargescaleE.thetransportofgoodsF.itispossibletoproduceonalargescaleTransporthasmadeitpossibleforpeopletoeatwhateverfoodtheywant______.
1.DigitalRealmInthedigitalrealmthenextbigadvancewillbevoicerecognition.Therudimentsarealreadyherebutinprimitiveform.Askacomputertorecognizespeechanditislikelytothinkyouwantittowreckanicebeach.Butinadecadeorsowe’llbeabletochatawayandmachineswillsoakitallin.Microchipswillbetrulyembeddedinourliveswhenwecantalktothem.Notonlytoourcomputers;we’llalsoabletochatourautomobilenavigationsystemstelephoneconsolesbrowsersthermostatsVCRsmicrowavesandanyotherdeviceswewanttobossaround.Thatwillopenthewaytothenextphaseofthedigitalage:artificialintelligence.Byourprovidingsomanythoughtsandpreferencestoourmachineseachdaythey’llaccumulateenoughinformationabouthowwethinksothatthey’llbeabletomimicourmindsandactasouragents.ScaryhuhButpotentiallyquiteuseful.Atleastuntiltheydon’tneedusanymoreandstartbuildingevensmartermachinestheycanbossaround.ThelawpoweringthedigitalageupuntilnowhasbeenGordonMoore’s:thatmicrochipswilldoubleinpowerandhalveinpriceevery18monthsorso.BillGatesrulesbecauseearlyonheactedontheassumptionthatcomputingpower—thecapacityofmicroprocessorsandmemorychips—wouldbecomenearlyflee;hiscompanykeptchurningoutmoreandmorelinesofcomplexsoftwaretomakeuseofthecheapbounty.Thelawthatwillpowerthenextfewdecadesisthatthebandwidththecapacityoffiber-opticandotherpipelinestocarrydigitalcommunicationswillbecomenearlyfree.Alongwiththerecentadvancesindigitalswitchingandstoragetechnologiesthismeansafutureinwhichallformsofcontent—moviesmusicshowsbooksdatamagazinesnewspapersyouraunt’srecipesandhomevideos—willbeinstantlyavailableanywhereondemand.Anyonewillbeabletobeaproducerofanycontent;you’llbeabletocreateamovieormagazinemakeitavailabletotheworldandchargeforitjustlikeTimeWarner!Theresultwillbeatransitionfromamass.marketworldtoapersonalizedone.InsteadofcentralizedfactoriesandstudiosthatdistributeorbroadcastthesameproducttomillionstechnologyisalreadyallowingproductstobetailoredtoeachuserYoucallsubscribetonewssourcesthatserveuponlytopicsandopinionsthatfityourfancy.Everythingfromshoestosteelcanbecustomizedtomeetindividualwishes.BillGateswillrulethedigitalageforthenextdecade.
Halfofworld’sprimatesfaceextinctionAlmost50%oftheworld’s634primate灵长类动物speciesfaceextinctionaccordingtoareportfromtheInternationalUnionfortheConservationofNature.Habitatlossisamajorcausebutmanymonkeysandapesarebeinghuntedtoextinctionforfoodespeciallyinforestsofsouth-eastAsia.It’scheapertogointotheforestandkillamonkeythantoraiseachickensaysJean-ChristopheriedeputyheadoftheIUCN’sspeciesprogrammeandaco—authorofthereport.We’veraisedconcernsforyearsaboutprimatesbeingindangerbutnowwehavesoliddatatoshowthesituationisfarmoreseverethanweimaginedsaysRussellMittermeierpresidentofConservationInternationalwhichco-fundedthestudy.TheareasmostatriskareinVietnamandCambodiawhere90%ofspeciesarebeingdriventoextinctionbydemandformonkeymeatandbabymonkeysaspets.Mostacutelyaffectedaremedium-sizedmonkeyssuchasgibbons长臂猿leafmonkeysandlangurswhichareeasyforhunterstotrackdownandkillbecauseoftheirsizeandthenoisetheymake.InSouthAmerica.spidermonkeysandcapuchinmonkeys卷尾猴havebeenhithardest.InAfricaredcolobusmonkeysarenowcriticallyendangered.Elevenofthe13speciesassessedwerelistedascriticallyendangeredorendangered.Twomayalreadybeextinct.AmongtheAfricanspeciesthegreatapessuchasgorillas大猩猩andbonoboshavealwaystendedtograbthelimelightandeventhoughtthey’redeeplythreateneditissmallerprimatessuchastheredcolobusthatcoulddieoutfirstsaysRichardWranghampresidentoftheInternationalPrimatologicalSociety.HugepoliticaleffortsareneedednowtoreversetheimpendinglossesofthreatenedspeciessaysVid.What’sneededisnationallegislationtoprotectbiodiversitycreationofprotectedareaswithdedicatedstaffcrackdownsoncorruptionandcaptivebreedingprogrammeshesays.Butitwillbedifficulttohaltandreversethedamagedonebyhabitatdestructionandthehunters.Oncehabitatisgoneanimalshavenowheretogo.Alsokillingprimatesrapidlydepletespopulationsbecausetheyhavefeweryoungthanmanyothermammalsandtakemuchlongertobreedandraisefamilies.WhichofthefollowingisnotaneffortsuggestedbyViétoreducethethreattospecies
1.DigitalRealmInthedigitalrealmthenextbigadvancewillbevoicerecognition.Therudimentsarealreadyherebutinprimitiveform.Askacomputertorecognizespeechanditislikelytothinkyouwantittowreckanicebeach.Butinadecadeorsowe’llbeabletochatawayandmachineswillsoakitallin.Microchipswillbetrulyembeddedinourliveswhenwecantalktothem.Notonlytoourcomputers;we’llalsoabletochatourautomobilenavigationsystemstelephoneconsolesbrowsersthermostatsVCRsmicrowavesandanyotherdeviceswewanttobossaround.Thatwillopenthewaytothenextphaseofthedigitalage:artificialintelligence.Byourprovidingsomanythoughtsandpreferencestoourmachineseachdaythey’llaccumulateenoughinformationabouthowwethinksothatthey’llbeabletomimicourmindsandactasouragents.ScaryhuhButpotentiallyquiteuseful.Atleastuntiltheydon’tneedusanymoreandstartbuildingevensmartermachinestheycanbossaround.ThelawpoweringthedigitalageupuntilnowhasbeenGordonMoore’s:thatmicrochipswilldoubleinpowerandhalveinpriceevery18monthsorso.BillGatesrulesbecauseearlyonheactedontheassumptionthatcomputingpower—thecapacityofmicroprocessorsandmemorychips—wouldbecomenearlyflee;hiscompanykeptchurningoutmoreandmorelinesofcomplexsoftwaretomakeuseofthecheapbounty.Thelawthatwillpowerthenextfewdecadesisthatthebandwidththecapacityoffiber-opticandotherpipelinestocarrydigitalcommunicationswillbecomenearlyfree.Alongwiththerecentadvancesindigitalswitchingandstoragetechnologiesthismeansafutureinwhichallformsofcontent—moviesmusicshowsbooksdatamagazinesnewspapersyouraunt’srecipesandhomevideos—willbeinstantlyavailableanywhereondemand.Anyonewillbeabletobeaproducerofanycontent;you’llbeabletocreateamovieormagazinemakeitavailabletotheworldandchargeforitjustlikeTimeWarner!Theresultwillbeatransitionfromamass.marketworldtoapersonalizedone.InsteadofcentralizedfactoriesandstudiosthatdistributeorbroadcastthesameproducttomillionstechnologyisalreadyallowingproductstobetailoredtoeachuserYoucallsubscribetonewssourcesthatserveuponlytopicsandopinionsthatfityourfancy.Everythingfromshoestosteelcanbecustomizedtomeetindividualwishes.Itispossibleforanyonetomakeamovieandchargeforitinthefuture.
ObtainingDrinkingWaterfromAirHumidityNotaplanttobeseenthedesertgroundistoodry.Buttheaircontainswaterandresearchscientistshavefounda51ofobtainingdrinkingwaterfromairhumidity.Thesystemisbasedcompletelyonrenewableenergyandisthereforeautonomous.Crackspermeatethedried-outdesertgroundandthelandscapebearstestimonytothelackofwater.Butevenherewheretherearenolakesriversorgroundwaterconsiderablequantitiesofwaterarestoredintheair.IntheNegevdesertinIsraelforexample;annualaveragerelativeairhumidityis64percent-ineverycubicmeterofairthereaye11.5millilitersofwater.Germanresearchscientistshavefoundawayofconvertingthisairhumidityautonomouslyintodrinkablewater.Theprocesswehavedevelopedisbasedexclusivelyonrenewableenergysources52thermalsolarcollectorsandphotovoltaicceils53makesthismethodcompletelyenergy-autonomous.It54willfunctioninregionswherethereisnoelectricalinfrastructure.saysSiegfriedEgnerheadoftheresearchteam.Theprincipleofthe55isasfollows:hygroscopicbrine-salinesolutionwhichabsorbsmoisturerunsdownatower-shapedunitandabsorbswaterfromtheair.Itisthensucked56atankafewmetersoffthegroundinwhichavacuumprevails.Energyfromsolarcollector57upthebrinewhichisdilutedbythewaterithas58.Becauseofthevacuumtheboilingpointoftheliquidislowerthanitwouldbeunder59.atmosphericpressure.Thiseffectisknownfromthemountains:astheatmosphericpressurethereislowerthaninthevalleywaterboilsattemperaturesdistinctlybelow100℃.Theevaporatednon-salinewateriscondensedandrunsdownthroughacompletelyfilledtubeinacontrolledmanner.Thegravityofthiswatercolumn60producesthevacuumandsoavacuumpumpisnotneeded.Thereconcentratedbrine61downthetowersurfaceagaintoabsorbmoisturefromtheair.Theconceptissuitableforvariouswater62.Single-personunitsandplantssupplyingwatertoentirehotelsareconceivablesaysEgner.Prototypeshavebeenbuiltfor63systemcomponents-airmoistureabsorptionandvacuumevaporation-andtheresearchscientistshavealready64theirinterplayonalaboratoryscale.Inafurther65theresearchersintendtodevelopademonstrationfacility.
Hisideatosolvetheproblemisreallyoriginal.
A.HigherlivingstandardB.ImportanceoftransportintradeC.VariousmeansoftransportD.Birthoftransport—relatedindustriesandtradeE.RoleofinformationintradeF.PublictransportationParagraph2______.
ObtainingDrinkingWaterfromAirHumidityNotaplanttobeseenthedesertgroundistoodry.Buttheaircontainswaterandresearchscientistshavefounda51ofobtainingdrinkingwaterfromairhumidity.Thesystemisbasedcompletelyonrenewableenergyandisthereforeautonomous.Crackspermeatethedried-outdesertgroundandthelandscapebearstestimonytothelackofwater.Butevenherewheretherearenolakesriversorgroundwaterconsiderablequantitiesofwaterarestoredintheair.IntheNegevdesertinIsraelforexample;annualaveragerelativeairhumidityis64percent-ineverycubicmeterofairthereaye11.5millilitersofwater.Germanresearchscientistshavefoundawayofconvertingthisairhumidityautonomouslyintodrinkablewater.Theprocesswehavedevelopedisbasedexclusivelyonrenewableenergysources52thermalsolarcollectorsandphotovoltaicceils53makesthismethodcompletelyenergy-autonomous.It54willfunctioninregionswherethereisnoelectricalinfrastructure.saysSiegfriedEgnerheadoftheresearchteam.Theprincipleofthe55isasfollows:hygroscopicbrine-salinesolutionwhichabsorbsmoisturerunsdownatower-shapedunitandabsorbswaterfromtheair.Itisthensucked56atankafewmetersoffthegroundinwhichavacuumprevails.Energyfromsolarcollector57upthebrinewhichisdilutedbythewaterithas58.Becauseofthevacuumtheboilingpointoftheliquidislowerthanitwouldbeunder59.atmosphericpressure.Thiseffectisknownfromthemountains:astheatmosphericpressurethereislowerthaninthevalleywaterboilsattemperaturesdistinctlybelow100℃.Theevaporatednon-salinewateriscondensedandrunsdownthroughacompletelyfilledtubeinacontrolledmanner.Thegravityofthiswatercolumn60producesthevacuumandsoavacuumpumpisnotneeded.Thereconcentratedbrine61downthetowersurfaceagaintoabsorbmoisturefromtheair.Theconceptissuitableforvariouswater62.Single-personunitsandplantssupplyingwatertoentirehotelsareconceivablesaysEgner.Prototypeshavebeenbuiltfor63systemcomponents-airmoistureabsorptionandvacuumevaporation-andtheresearchscientistshavealready64theirinterplayonalaboratoryscale.Inafurther65theresearchersintendtodevelopademonstrationfacility.
HisnewmoviedepietsanambitiousAmerican.
ObtainingDrinkingWaterfromAirHumidityNotaplanttobeseenthedesertgroundistoodry.Buttheaircontainswaterandresearchscientistshavefounda51ofobtainingdrinkingwaterfromairhumidity.Thesystemisbasedcompletelyonrenewableenergyandisthereforeautonomous.Crackspermeatethedried-outdesertgroundandthelandscapebearstestimonytothelackofwater.Butevenherewheretherearenolakesriversorgroundwaterconsiderablequantitiesofwaterarestoredintheair.IntheNegevdesertinIsraelforexample;annualaveragerelativeairhumidityis64percent-ineverycubicmeterofairthereaye11.5millilitersofwater.Germanresearchscientistshavefoundawayofconvertingthisairhumidityautonomouslyintodrinkablewater.Theprocesswehavedevelopedisbasedexclusivelyonrenewableenergysources52thermalsolarcollectorsandphotovoltaicceils53makesthismethodcompletelyenergy-autonomous.It54willfunctioninregionswherethereisnoelectricalinfrastructure.saysSiegfriedEgnerheadoftheresearchteam.Theprincipleofthe55isasfollows:hygroscopicbrine-salinesolutionwhichabsorbsmoisturerunsdownatower-shapedunitandabsorbswaterfromtheair.Itisthensucked56atankafewmetersoffthegroundinwhichavacuumprevails.Energyfromsolarcollector57upthebrinewhichisdilutedbythewaterithas58.Becauseofthevacuumtheboilingpointoftheliquidislowerthanitwouldbeunder59.atmosphericpressure.Thiseffectisknownfromthemountains:astheatmosphericpressurethereislowerthaninthevalleywaterboilsattemperaturesdistinctlybelow100℃.Theevaporatednon-salinewateriscondensedandrunsdownthroughacompletelyfilledtubeinacontrolledmanner.Thegravityofthiswatercolumn60producesthevacuumandsoavacuumpumpisnotneeded.Thereconcentratedbrine61downthetowersurfaceagaintoabsorbmoisturefromtheair.Theconceptissuitableforvariouswater62.Single-personunitsandplantssupplyingwatertoentirehotelsareconceivablesaysEgner.Prototypeshavebeenbuiltfor63systemcomponents-airmoistureabsorptionandvacuumevaporation-andtheresearchscientistshavealready64theirinterplayonalaboratoryscale.Inafurther65theresearchersintendtodevelopademonstrationfacility.
A.HigherlivingstandardB.ImportanceoftransportintradeC.VariousmeansoftransportD.Birthoftransport—relatedindustriesandtradeE.RoleofinformationintradeF.PublictransportationParagraph4______.
Theparentsalwaysrestraintheirdaughterfromswimminginthenearbypool.
Don’tTreatAnimalsasFurryTest-tubesMostofusagreethatthereisamoralobligationtominimizethesufferingofanycaptiveanimals.Inadditiontherearenumerousself-servingreasonswhyweshouldrespectthewelfareofourcaptivecompanions.Howevertheimpactofpooranimalwelfareonthequalityofanimalsciencealwaysconcernsascientistthemost.Rodents灵长类动物makeupover80%oftheanimalsusedinscientificproceduresandmostarekeptinsmallbarrencages.Suchhousingisknowntoconstrainnormaldevelopmentaffectingthestructureandfunctionofadultrodentbrains.Theserodentsmayspend50%ofwakinghoursperformingrepetitiveactivitieswithoutapparentpurpose.Thisabnormalbehaviorislikelytoreflectwhatisgoingoninsidethebody.AsethnologistHannoWfirbeloftheJustusLiebigUniversityofGiessenGermanyputsitThepointthattheenvironmentmightchangebehaviorbutitdoesn’tchangebiologyisridiculous.Everybehaviorhasaphysiologicalbackground.Ifwelfareaffectsbehaviorandthereforebiologyitwillaffectscientificoutcomes.Aslongaswecontinuetotreatexperimentalanimalsassimplefurrytest-tubesignoringtheirabilitiesandneedsweendangerthequalityoftheworkwedowiththem.SohowcanweimprovelifeforotherspecieswhenwecannotexperienceitastheydoWe’dbetterasktheanimals.Askthemwhattheyneedandwhatcausesthemsufferingthroughcarefullydesignedpreferencetestsandin-depthbehaviouralresearch.Scientistshavealreadybegunthistaskandhavebeentoldsomeimportantandunexpectedfactsbytheirstudysubjects.Byconsistentlyself-medicatingwithpainkillersbroilerchickens嫩鸡havetoldusthattheyareinchronicpain.Bymovingabarriertwicetheirsizemink水貂havetoldusthatwaterbathsarethemostimportantenrichmentforthem.Byonlystoppingtheirfruitlessstereotypicdiggingincertaincircumstancesgerbils沙鼠havetoldusthattheyneedtobeabletosleepintunnelednest-boxes.Bybehavingnormallyagainstarlingshavetoldusthattheyneedhighfrequencylightbulbs.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutscientists’discoveryaboutanimals’needsandsufferings
PeoplenamethisstreetBillStreetinhonorofthefamousgeneral.
Halfofworld’sprimatesfaceextinctionAlmost50%oftheworld’s634primate灵长类动物speciesfaceextinctionaccordingtoareportfromtheInternationalUnionfortheConservationofNature.Habitatlossisamajorcausebutmanymonkeysandapesarebeinghuntedtoextinctionforfoodespeciallyinforestsofsouth-eastAsia.It’scheapertogointotheforestandkillamonkeythantoraiseachickensaysJean-ChristopheriedeputyheadoftheIUCN’sspeciesprogrammeandaco—authorofthereport.We’veraisedconcernsforyearsaboutprimatesbeingindangerbutnowwehavesoliddatatoshowthesituationisfarmoreseverethanweimaginedsaysRussellMittermeierpresidentofConservationInternationalwhichco-fundedthestudy.TheareasmostatriskareinVietnamandCambodiawhere90%ofspeciesarebeingdriventoextinctionbydemandformonkeymeatandbabymonkeysaspets.Mostacutelyaffectedaremedium-sizedmonkeyssuchasgibbons长臂猿leafmonkeysandlangurswhichareeasyforhunterstotrackdownandkillbecauseoftheirsizeandthenoisetheymake.InSouthAmerica.spidermonkeysandcapuchinmonkeys卷尾猴havebeenhithardest.InAfricaredcolobusmonkeysarenowcriticallyendangered.Elevenofthe13speciesassessedwerelistedascriticallyendangeredorendangered.Twomayalreadybeextinct.AmongtheAfricanspeciesthegreatapessuchasgorillas大猩猩andbonoboshavealwaystendedtograbthelimelightandeventhoughtthey’redeeplythreateneditissmallerprimatessuchastheredcolobusthatcoulddieoutfirstsaysRichardWranghampresidentoftheInternationalPrimatologicalSociety.HugepoliticaleffortsareneedednowtoreversetheimpendinglossesofthreatenedspeciessaysVid.What’sneededisnationallegislationtoprotectbiodiversitycreationofprotectedareaswithdedicatedstaffcrackdownsoncorruptionandcaptivebreedingprogrammeshesays.Butitwillbedifficulttohaltandreversethedamagedonebyhabitatdestructionandthehunters.Oncehabitatisgoneanimalshavenowheretogo.Alsokillingprimatesrapidlydepletespopulationsbecausetheyhavefeweryoungthanmanyothermammalsandtakemuchlongertobreedandraisefamilies.Whatisthemajorcausethathalfoftheprimatespeciesfaceextinction
ObtainingDrinkingWaterfromAirHumidityNotaplanttobeseenthedesertgroundistoodry.Buttheaircontainswaterandresearchscientistshavefounda51ofobtainingdrinkingwaterfromairhumidity.Thesystemisbasedcompletelyonrenewableenergyandisthereforeautonomous.Crackspermeatethedried-outdesertgroundandthelandscapebearstestimonytothelackofwater.Butevenherewheretherearenolakesriversorgroundwaterconsiderablequantitiesofwaterarestoredintheair.IntheNegevdesertinIsraelforexample;annualaveragerelativeairhumidityis64percent-ineverycubicmeterofairthereaye11.5millilitersofwater.Germanresearchscientistshavefoundawayofconvertingthisairhumidityautonomouslyintodrinkablewater.Theprocesswehavedevelopedisbasedexclusivelyonrenewableenergysources52thermalsolarcollectorsandphotovoltaicceils53makesthismethodcompletelyenergy-autonomous.It54willfunctioninregionswherethereisnoelectricalinfrastructure.saysSiegfriedEgnerheadoftheresearchteam.Theprincipleofthe55isasfollows:hygroscopicbrine-salinesolutionwhichabsorbsmoisturerunsdownatower-shapedunitandabsorbswaterfromtheair.Itisthensucked56atankafewmetersoffthegroundinwhichavacuumprevails.Energyfromsolarcollector57upthebrinewhichisdilutedbythewaterithas58.Becauseofthevacuumtheboilingpointoftheliquidislowerthanitwouldbeunder59.atmosphericpressure.Thiseffectisknownfromthemountains:astheatmosphericpressurethereislowerthaninthevalleywaterboilsattemperaturesdistinctlybelow100℃.Theevaporatednon-salinewateriscondensedandrunsdownthroughacompletelyfilledtubeinacontrolledmanner.Thegravityofthiswatercolumn60producesthevacuumandsoavacuumpumpisnotneeded.Thereconcentratedbrine61downthetowersurfaceagaintoabsorbmoisturefromtheair.Theconceptissuitableforvariouswater62.Single-personunitsandplantssupplyingwatertoentirehotelsareconceivablesaysEgner.Prototypeshavebeenbuiltfor63systemcomponents-airmoistureabsorptionandvacuumevaporation-andtheresearchscientistshavealready64theirinterplayonalaboratoryscale.Inafurther65theresearchersintendtodevelopademonstrationfacility.
Itissaidthehousesalongthisstreetwillsoonbepulleddown.
Don’tTreatAnimalsasFurryTest-tubesMostofusagreethatthereisamoralobligationtominimizethesufferingofanycaptiveanimals.Inadditiontherearenumerousself-servingreasonswhyweshouldrespectthewelfareofourcaptivecompanions.Howevertheimpactofpooranimalwelfareonthequalityofanimalsciencealwaysconcernsascientistthemost.Rodents灵长类动物makeupover80%oftheanimalsusedinscientificproceduresandmostarekeptinsmallbarrencages.Suchhousingisknowntoconstrainnormaldevelopmentaffectingthestructureandfunctionofadultrodentbrains.Theserodentsmayspend50%ofwakinghoursperformingrepetitiveactivitieswithoutapparentpurpose.Thisabnormalbehaviorislikelytoreflectwhatisgoingoninsidethebody.AsethnologistHannoWfirbeloftheJustusLiebigUniversityofGiessenGermanyputsitThepointthattheenvironmentmightchangebehaviorbutitdoesn’tchangebiologyisridiculous.Everybehaviorhasaphysiologicalbackground.Ifwelfareaffectsbehaviorandthereforebiologyitwillaffectscientificoutcomes.Aslongaswecontinuetotreatexperimentalanimalsassimplefurrytest-tubesignoringtheirabilitiesandneedsweendangerthequalityoftheworkwedowiththem.SohowcanweimprovelifeforotherspecieswhenwecannotexperienceitastheydoWe’dbetterasktheanimals.Askthemwhattheyneedandwhatcausesthemsufferingthroughcarefullydesignedpreferencetestsandin-depthbehaviouralresearch.Scientistshavealreadybegunthistaskandhavebeentoldsomeimportantandunexpectedfactsbytheirstudysubjects.Byconsistentlyself-medicatingwithpainkillersbroilerchickens嫩鸡havetoldusthattheyareinchronicpain.Bymovingabarriertwicetheirsizemink水貂havetoldusthatwaterbathsarethemostimportantenrichmentforthem.Byonlystoppingtheirfruitlessstereotypicdiggingincertaincircumstancesgerbils沙鼠havetoldusthattheyneedtobeabletosleepintunnelednest-boxes.Bybehavingnormallyagainstarlingshavetoldusthattheyneedhighfrequencylightbulbs.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthewaymostexperimentalanimalsaretreated
ObtainingDrinkingWaterfromAirHumidityNotaplanttobeseenthedesertgroundistoodry.Buttheaircontainswaterandresearchscientistshavefounda51ofobtainingdrinkingwaterfromairhumidity.Thesystemisbasedcompletelyonrenewableenergyandisthereforeautonomous.Crackspermeatethedried-outdesertgroundandthelandscapebearstestimonytothelackofwater.Butevenherewheretherearenolakesriversorgroundwaterconsiderablequantitiesofwaterarestoredintheair.IntheNegevdesertinIsraelforexample;annualaveragerelativeairhumidityis64percent-ineverycubicmeterofairthereaye11.5millilitersofwater.Germanresearchscientistshavefoundawayofconvertingthisairhumidityautonomouslyintodrinkablewater.Theprocesswehavedevelopedisbasedexclusivelyonrenewableenergysources52thermalsolarcollectorsandphotovoltaicceils53makesthismethodcompletelyenergy-autonomous.It54willfunctioninregionswherethereisnoelectricalinfrastructure.saysSiegfriedEgnerheadoftheresearchteam.Theprincipleofthe55isasfollows:hygroscopicbrine-salinesolutionwhichabsorbsmoisturerunsdownatower-shapedunitandabsorbswaterfromtheair.Itisthensucked56atankafewmetersoffthegroundinwhichavacuumprevails.Energyfromsolarcollector57upthebrinewhichisdilutedbythewaterithas58.Becauseofthevacuumtheboilingpointoftheliquidislowerthanitwouldbeunder59.atmosphericpressure.Thiseffectisknownfromthemountains:astheatmosphericpressurethereislowerthaninthevalleywaterboilsattemperaturesdistinctlybelow100℃.Theevaporatednon-salinewateriscondensedandrunsdownthroughacompletelyfilledtubeinacontrolledmanner.Thegravityofthiswatercolumn60producesthevacuumandsoavacuumpumpisnotneeded.Thereconcentratedbrine61downthetowersurfaceagaintoabsorbmoisturefromtheair.Theconceptissuitableforvariouswater62.Single-personunitsandplantssupplyingwatertoentirehotelsareconceivablesaysEgner.Prototypeshavebeenbuiltfor63systemcomponents-airmoistureabsorptionandvacuumevaporation-andtheresearchscientistshavealready64theirinterplayonalaboratoryscale.Inafurther65theresearchersintendtodevelopademonstrationfacility.
Intelligentcardoorclampsupwhendanger’saboutAccidentscausedbycardoorsbeingopenedintothepathofoncomingvehiclesorcyclistsarecommonincities.Buttheseincidentscouldbecomeathingofthepastifdoorsthatreacttopotentialimpactscatchon.ThecreativeideaofMichaelGrafatBMWandMichaelStrolz’steamattheTechnicalUniversityofMunichthehaptic-technologythatgivestactilefeedback-doorscouldcutbothroadinjuriesandrepairbillstheysay.Thecurrentprototypelookslikeanormalcardoorbutanextrametalbarrunsthroughitscentreandconnectstothecar’sframebetweenthehinges.Innormalmodethebarmovesfreelyanddoesn’taffectthedoor’smovement.Howeverifsensorsdetectanearbyobstacleatthesametimeasanaccelerometerdetectsanattempttoopenthedoorthedoor’sswingisrestrictedbyalinearmotorattachedtothebar.Topassonmoreinformationtotheusertheamountofdoorresistanceisinproportiontotheproximityofanobject-forexampleyoumightswingadoorhalfwayopenwithoutproblemsbeforeitgetsstifferasitnearsalamppost.Thecurrentprototypeusessupersonicsensorstospotdangersbutbecausetheyhavealimitedfieldofviewthenextversionwillusecamerasthatcanspan180°saysStrolz.Thenwewillbeabletosensethecompleteworkspaceofthedooranddetectpeoplewalkingbythecarorcyclingtowardsithesays.Reactionsfrom16volunteerswhotriedthenewdooratBMW’sMunichresearchcentrehavebeenencouragingtheteamtoldarecentconferenceonhapticsinSaltLakeCityUtah.ThetechnologyismatureenoughthatacarfactorycouldbepumpingitoutincarswithinayearsaysStrolz.Thebasicmechanismislikeonealreadyfeaturedinsomecars-forexampletaxiswithautomaticpassengerdoors.HoweverBMWisyettomakeanydecisiononwhethertorollitout.HowdidthevolunteerswhotriedthenewdooratBMWrespondtoit
ObtainingDrinkingWaterfromAirHumidityNotaplanttobeseenthedesertgroundistoodry.Buttheaircontainswaterandresearchscientistshavefounda51ofobtainingdrinkingwaterfromairhumidity.Thesystemisbasedcompletelyonrenewableenergyandisthereforeautonomous.Crackspermeatethedried-outdesertgroundandthelandscapebearstestimonytothelackofwater.Butevenherewheretherearenolakesriversorgroundwaterconsiderablequantitiesofwaterarestoredintheair.IntheNegevdesertinIsraelforexample;annualaveragerelativeairhumidityis64percent-ineverycubicmeterofairthereaye11.5millilitersofwater.Germanresearchscientistshavefoundawayofconvertingthisairhumidityautonomouslyintodrinkablewater.Theprocesswehavedevelopedisbasedexclusivelyonrenewableenergysources52thermalsolarcollectorsandphotovoltaicceils53makesthismethodcompletelyenergy-autonomous.It54willfunctioninregionswherethereisnoelectricalinfrastructure.saysSiegfriedEgnerheadoftheresearchteam.Theprincipleofthe55isasfollows:hygroscopicbrine-salinesolutionwhichabsorbsmoisturerunsdownatower-shapedunitandabsorbswaterfromtheair.Itisthensucked56atankafewmetersoffthegroundinwhichavacuumprevails.Energyfromsolarcollector57upthebrinewhichisdilutedbythewaterithas58.Becauseofthevacuumtheboilingpointoftheliquidislowerthanitwouldbeunder59.atmosphericpressure.Thiseffectisknownfromthemountains:astheatmosphericpressurethereislowerthaninthevalleywaterboilsattemperaturesdistinctlybelow100℃.Theevaporatednon-salinewateriscondensedandrunsdownthroughacompletelyfilledtubeinacontrolledmanner.Thegravityofthiswatercolumn60producesthevacuumandsoavacuumpumpisnotneeded.Thereconcentratedbrine61downthetowersurfaceagaintoabsorbmoisturefromtheair.Theconceptissuitableforvariouswater62.Single-personunitsandplantssupplyingwatertoentirehotelsareconceivablesaysEgner.Prototypeshavebeenbuiltfor63systemcomponents-airmoistureabsorptionandvacuumevaporation-andtheresearchscientistshavealready64theirinterplayonalaboratoryscale.Inafurther65theresearchersintendtodevelopademonstrationfacility.
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