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Passage Four The atmosphere and oceans are not the only parts of the environment being damaged....
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Thelibraryneeds______butit'llhavetowaituntilSunday.
Notallpeoplegottheirnames21theirfathers.Somegottheirnamesfromtheplacesthey22.Forexampleafamilyhadlivedinavillage23manygreentreesandplantswascalledGreenorGreenberg.24theylivedinatowncalledMoortheywere25theMoores. Sometimespeoplegottheirnamesfrom26theylooked.A27personwasperhapscalledLong.Ifpeopleinafamilyhad28hairthefamilywassometimescalledtheBlacksortheBrowns.Iftheirhairwas29theymayhavebeencalledtheWhites. Peopleoften30theirnamesfromthekindof31theydid.Apersonwho32clothingwasnamedTaylor.33personwhobakedbreadwascalledBaker.Apersonwhohadaverygood34wasnamedSinger. Afterawhilethesenamesstayedwithpeopleand35familynamesthatarestillusedtoday. 33
Notallpeoplegottheirnames21theirfathers.Somegottheirnamesfromtheplacesthey22.Forexampleafamilyhadlivedinavillage23manygreentreesandplantswascalledGreenorGreenberg.24theylivedinatowncalledMoortheywere25theMoores. Sometimespeoplegottheirnamesfrom26theylooked.A27personwasperhapscalledLong.Ifpeopleinafamilyhad28hairthefamilywassometimescalledtheBlacksortheBrowns.Iftheirhairwas29theymayhavebeencalledtheWhites. Peopleoften30theirnamesfromthekindof31theydid.Apersonwho32clothingwasnamedTaylor.33personwhobakedbreadwascalledBaker.Apersonwhohadaverygood34wasnamedSinger. Afterawhilethesenamesstayedwithpeopleand35familynamesthatarestillusedtoday. 21
Notallpeoplegottheirnames21theirfathers.Somegottheirnamesfromtheplacesthey22.Forexampleafamilyhadlivedinavillage23manygreentreesandplantswascalledGreenorGreenberg.24theylivedinatowncalledMoortheywere25theMoores. Sometimespeoplegottheirnamesfrom26theylooked.A27personwasperhapscalledLong.Ifpeopleinafamilyhad28hairthefamilywassometimescalledtheBlacksortheBrowns.Iftheirhairwas29theymayhavebeencalledtheWhites. Peopleoften30theirnamesfromthekindof31theydid.Apersonwho32clothingwasnamedTaylor.33personwhobakedbreadwascalledBaker.Apersonwhohadaverygood34wasnamedSinger. Afterawhilethesenamesstayedwithpeopleand35familynamesthatarestillusedtoday. 35
UncleCarlisreally______man.
你是张海你的朋友王敏写信给你询问你课余时间都做些什么你回信给她信件内容包括1你的爱好并举例说明2信尾写上希望她做什么
A.torch B.morning C.shortly D.worst
Notallpeoplegottheirnames21theirfathers.Somegottheirnamesfromtheplacesthey22.Forexampleafamilyhadlivedinavillage23manygreentreesandplantswascalledGreenorGreenberg.24theylivedinatowncalledMoortheywere25theMoores. Sometimespeoplegottheirnamesfrom26theylooked.A27personwasperhapscalledLong.Ifpeopleinafamilyhad28hairthefamilywassometimescalledtheBlacksortheBrowns.Iftheirhairwas29theymayhavebeencalledtheWhites. Peopleoften30theirnamesfromthekindof31theydid.Apersonwho32clothingwasnamedTaylor.33personwhobakedbreadwascalledBaker.Apersonwhohadaverygood34wasnamedSinger. Afterawhilethesenamesstayedwithpeopleand35familynamesthatarestillusedtoday. 25
Agroupofpeoplewhosharethesameinterestsandwayoflifeiscalledasociety.Sociologyisthesciencethatexamineshumansociety.ThetermsociologyisderivedfromtheLationwordsociuswhichmeanscompanionunionofpeople.Sociologistsareinterestedinhowasocietybeganandhowitgrew.Theyalsostudythelevelswithinasociety.Forexamplethechildispartofthefamilythefamilyispartoftheneighborhoodandtheneighborhoodispartofthecommunity.Therearemanydifferentgroupsandsociologistsareinterestedintheeffectthatthesegroupshaveonpeople.AFrenchmannamedAugusteComtemadesociologyaseparatescienceinthe1830s.Hesuggestedthatanewsciencewasnecessarytostudyasocietyofpeople.AfamousbookPrinciplesofSociologywaspublishedbyandEnglishmanHerbertpencerin1882.Thisbookhadanunprecedentedeffectonthescienceofsociology.InthisbookSpencertheorizedthatasociety’scustomsevolvedorgrewfromverysimpletomorecomplicatedandadvanced.ThistheoryshowstheinfluencethatCharlesDarwinwhobelievedthatmanhadevolvedfromverysimpleformstothepresenthumanhadonSpencer.Thewordlevelsinline5means______.
Inthe1960smanyyoungAmericansweredissatisfiedwithAmericansociety.TheywantedtoendtheVietnamWarandtomakeallthepeopleintheU.S.equal.SomeofthemdetidedtodropoutofAmericansocietyandformtheirownsocieties.Theyformedutopiancommunitieswhichtheycalledcommuneswheretheycouldfollowtheirphilosophyofdoyourownthing.AgroupofartistsfoundedacommuneinsouthernColoradocalledDropCity.FollowingtheideasofphilosopherandarchitectBuckminsterFullertheybuiltdome-shapedhousefrompiecesofoldcars.OthergroupssuchasauthorKenKesey’sMerryPrankstersthefollowersofSanFranciscopoetSteveGaskinandagroupthatcalleditselftheHogFarmlivedinoldschoolbusesandtravelledaroundtheUnitedStates.TheHogFarmbecamefamouswhentheyhelpedorganizetheWoodstockRockFestivalin1969.SteveGaskin’sfollowerstriedtosettledownonafarminTenesseebuttheyhadtoleavewhensomemembersofthegroupwerearrestedforgrowingmarijuana.Notallcommunesbelievedinthephilosophyofdoyourownthinghowever;TwinOaksacommunefoundedinVirginiainthelate1960swasbasedontheideasofpsychologistB.F.Skinner.ThepeoplewholivedatTwinOakswerecarefullycontrolledbySkinner’sconditioningtechniquestodothingsthatweregoodforthecommunity.In1972ItalianarchitectPaoloSoleribegantobuildArcosantiautopiancityinArizonawhere2500peoplewilllivecloselytogetherinonelargebuildingcalledanarchaeology.Soleribelievesthatpeoplemustlivecloselytogethersothattheywillallbecomeone.WheredidthemembersoftheHogFarmcommuneliveTheylived______.
BritishColumbiaisaprovinceinthewesternhalfofCanada.ItisthelargestprovinceinthewesternhalfofCanadabuttwootherprovincesarelarger.TheweatherinthesouthernhalfofBritishColumbiaismild.InfactitisthemildestinCanada.ForthisreasonmanyolderpeoplecometoliveinthisareaofCanada.ThereareaboutthreeandahalfmillionpeoplelivinginBritishColumbia.OnlyOntarioandQuebechavemorepeopleabouthalfofBritishColumbia’speopleoriginallycamefromEngland.Manyotherpeople’sfamiliescametoCanadafromScotlandIrelandandGermany.TodaythisprovincehasahigherpercentageofAsiansthananyoftheOthernineprovinces.VancouveristhelargestcityinBritishColumbia.ManyinternationalvisitorscometoVancouver.Theycometoseethenaturalbeautyofthecoastandthebeautifulmountains.ManyshipsstopatVancouveranditisthelargestportinallofCanada.Vancouveris______.
Tomlivedinanortherncity______.
A.comprehension B.conclusion C.occasion D.television
Notallpeoplegottheirnames21theirfathers.Somegottheirnamesfromtheplacesthey22.Forexampleafamilyhadlivedinavillage23manygreentreesandplantswascalledGreenorGreenberg.24theylivedinatowncalledMoortheywere25theMoores. Sometimespeoplegottheirnamesfrom26theylooked.A27personwasperhapscalledLong.Ifpeopleinafamilyhad28hairthefamilywassometimescalledtheBlacksortheBrowns.Iftheirhairwas29theymayhavebeencalledtheWhites. Peopleoften30theirnamesfromthekindof31theydid.Apersonwho32clothingwasnamedTaylor.33personwhobakedbreadwascalledBaker.Apersonwhohadaverygood34wasnamedSinger. Afterawhilethesenamesstayedwithpeopleand35familynamesthatarestillusedtoday. 23
Americansspendalotofmoneyintheirdailylives.Workingpeoplespendmoneyontransportationtoandfromworkandonvariousexpensesthroughouttheday.Americansen-joyshoppingandbuymanythingsthattheyneedandwant.Theyspendalotofmoneyonentertainment.Theybuysportsequipmenttodosportingeventsanddomanythingsthatcostmoney.HowevermanyAmericansdon’tpaycashorwritechecksforthesethings.Moreandmoretheypayforthingswithcreditcards信用卡.Creditcardsaresmallrectangularplasticcards.Banksgivethesecardstotheircustomers.Whenthecustomerbuyssomethingatastoreheshowshiscardatthestore.Thisauthorizes委托thestoretocharge记入thebankaccountforthecustomer’spurchase.Thebankcollectsallthechargesforeachcustomer.Thenonceamonththebankrequiresthecustomertopayallthechargesforthatmonth.Thebankdoesnotforcethecustomertopaythefullamount.Itasksthecustomertopayforthechargesinseveralpaymentsoveraperiodoftime.Howeverthebankrequiresthecustomertopayinterestontheunpaidofthecharges.Inthiswaythebankallowscustomerstobuythingstheycannotaffordatonetime.Peoplecanusethecardtobuywhattheywantandpayforitoveraperiodoftime.Theyalsodonotneedtocarryalotofmoney.WhataresomeoftheadvantagesinusingcreditcardsPeople______.
Howaboutagamechess
Agroupofpeoplewhosharethesameinterestsandwayoflifeiscalledasociety.Sociologyisthesciencethatexamineshumansociety.ThetermsociologyisderivedfromtheLationwordsociuswhichmeanscompanionunionofpeople.Sociologistsareinterestedinhowasocietybeganandhowitgrew.Theyalsostudythelevelswithinasociety.Forexamplethechildispartofthefamilythefamilyispartoftheneighborhoodandtheneighborhoodispartofthecommunity.Therearemanydifferentgroupsandsociologistsareinterestedintheeffectthatthesegroupshaveonpeople.AFrenchmannamedAugusteComtemadesociologyaseparatescienceinthe1830s.Hesuggestedthatanewsciencewasnecessarytostudyasocietyofpeople.AfamousbookPrinciplesofSociologywaspublishedbyandEnglishmanHerbertpencerin1882.Thisbookhadanunprecedentedeffectonthescienceofsociology.InthisbookSpencertheorizedthatasociety’scustomsevolvedorgrewfromverysimpletomorecomplicatedandadvanced.ThistheoryshowstheinfluencethatCharlesDarwinwhobelievedthatmanhadevolvedfromverysimpleformstothepresenthumanhadonSpencer.Thebookwhichhadagreateffectonsociologywaswritten______.
WhereisshesittingSheissitting______me.
Notallpeoplegottheirnames21theirfathers.Somegottheirnamesfromtheplacesthey22.Forexampleafamilyhadlivedinavillage23manygreentreesandplantswascalledGreenorGreenberg.24theylivedinatowncalledMoortheywere25theMoores. Sometimespeoplegottheirnamesfrom26theylooked.A27personwasperhapscalledLong.Ifpeopleinafamilyhad28hairthefamilywassometimescalledtheBlacksortheBrowns.Iftheirhairwas29theymayhavebeencalledtheWhites. Peopleoften30theirnamesfromthekindof31theydid.Apersonwho32clothingwasnamedTaylor.33personwhobakedbreadwascalledBaker.Apersonwhohadaverygood34wasnamedSinger. Afterawhilethesenamesstayedwithpeopleand35familynamesthatarestillusedtoday. 31
A.Ohthat’sgood. B.I’llbeexpectingyou. C.It’sniceandbright. D.Ireadyouradvertisementintoday’spaper. E.Isthereabathroom F.I’mtheownerofthehouse. G.ButIhaven’tgotoneyet. H.Speaking. Alan:HelloMayIspeaktoLucyplease Lucy:56 Alan:MynameisAlanWalker.57Itsaysyouhaveanapartmenttolet出租. Lucy:Yesitisalargeflatwithtwobed-roomsandabigsittingroom. Alan:58 Lucy:Yesofcourse.Ithasanicebathroom. Alan:59I’dliketolivehereforatleast2years.Howmuchwouldyouchargemethen Lucy:Inthatcaseitis$110perweek. Alan:IwonderifIcouldcomeoverandhavealookrightnow. Lucy:Certainly.60 59
Inordertoimproveourworkingconditions.thisnewschememustbe______.
BritishColumbiaisaprovinceinthewesternhalfofCanada.ItisthelargestprovinceinthewesternhalfofCanadabuttwootherprovincesarelarger.TheweatherinthesouthernhalfofBritishColumbiaismild.InfactitisthemildestinCanada.ForthisreasonmanyolderpeoplecometoliveinthisareaofCanada.ThereareaboutthreeandahalfmillionpeoplelivinginBritishColumbia.OnlyOntarioandQuebechavemorepeopleabouthalfofBritishColumbia’speopleoriginallycamefromEngland.Manyotherpeople’sfamiliescametoCanadafromScotlandIrelandandGermany.TodaythisprovincehasahigherpercentageofAsiansthananyoftheOthernineprovinces.VancouveristhelargestcityinBritishColumbia.ManyinternationalvisitorscometoVancouver.Theycometoseethenaturalbeautyofthecoastandthebeautifulmountains.ManyshipsstopatVancouveranditisthelargestportinallofCanada.Thewordportinthelastlinemeans______.
A.Ohthat’sgood. B.I’llbeexpectingyou. C.It’sniceandbright. D.Ireadyouradvertisementintoday’spaper. E.Isthereabathroom F.I’mtheownerofthehouse. G.ButIhaven’tgotoneyet. H.Speaking. Alan:HelloMayIspeaktoLucyplease Lucy:56 Alan:MynameisAlanWalker.57Itsaysyouhaveanapartmenttolet出租. Lucy:Yesitisalargeflatwithtwobed-roomsandabigsittingroom. Alan:58 Lucy:Yesofcourse.Ithasanicebathroom. Alan:59I’dliketolivehereforatleast2years.Howmuchwouldyouchargemethen Lucy:Inthatcaseitis$110perweek. Alan:IwonderifIcouldcomeoverandhavealookrightnow. Lucy:Certainly.60 57
Notallpeoplegottheirnames21theirfathers.Somegottheirnamesfromtheplacesthey22.Forexampleafamilyhadlivedinavillage23manygreentreesandplantswascalledGreenorGreenberg.24theylivedinatowncalledMoortheywere25theMoores. Sometimespeoplegottheirnamesfrom26theylooked.A27personwasperhapscalledLong.Ifpeopleinafamilyhad28hairthefamilywassometimescalledtheBlacksortheBrowns.Iftheirhairwas29theymayhavebeencalledtheWhites. Peopleoften30theirnamesfromthekindof31theydid.Apersonwho32clothingwasnamedTaylor.33personwhobakedbreadwascalledBaker.Apersonwhohadaverygood34wasnamedSinger. Afterawhilethesenamesstayedwithpeopleand35familynamesthatarestillusedtoday. 29
Mary:Iwentskiing.Jill:Marysaidthatsheskiing.
Tomorrowwe’llseetheGoldenGateBridge.saidPeter.I’veneverseenagoldenbridgebefore.Peter’sfathersmiledbutsaidnothing.Peterwouldsoonseethebridge.ThenextmorninghisfathertookPetertothebridge.Howbigitlooked!Andthebridgewasred!Itisn’tnamedforitscoloursaidhisfather.It’snamedfortheGoldenGate.What’stheGoldenGateaskedPeter.Agateiseitheranopeningorathingthatclosesanopeningsaidhisfather.TheGoldenGateisanopeningintheland.WaterfromtheseacomesthroughthisopeningintoSanFranciscoBay.OhsaidPeter.Andthebridgeisovertheopening.ButwhyistheopeningcalledtheGoldenGateYearsagomencameheretotookforgold.Manycamebyship.Forthemitwasagatetogold.WellIstillthinkthebridgeshouldlookgolden.Whenpetergothomehesentalettertoanewspaper.Intheletterhesaid:RedisnottherightcolourfortheGoldenGateBridge.Thebridgeshouldlookgoldenthewaymostpeoplethinkitdoes.Petersentallthemoneyhehadsavedwithhisletter.Thismoneyistohelppaintthebridgehewrote.ManypeoplereadPeter’sletter.Rightawaythingsbegantohappen!Somepeoplesentmoney.Abigcompanygaverealgold.Butnotallthepeoplewantedtochangethecolourofthebridge.WilltheGoldenGateBridgeeverbegoldenPeterwassurethat______wouldagreewithhim.
Inthe1960smanyyoungAmericansweredissatisfiedwithAmericansociety.TheywantedtoendtheVietnamWarandtomakeallthepeopleintheU.S.equal.SomeofthemdetidedtodropoutofAmericansocietyandformtheirownsocieties.Theyformedutopiancommunitieswhichtheycalledcommuneswheretheycouldfollowtheirphilosophyofdoyourownthing.AgroupofartistsfoundedacommuneinsouthernColoradocalledDropCity.FollowingtheideasofphilosopherandarchitectBuckminsterFullertheybuiltdome-shapedhousefrompiecesofoldcars.OthergroupssuchasauthorKenKesey’sMerryPrankstersthefollowersofSanFranciscopoetSteveGaskinandagroupthatcalleditselftheHogFarmlivedinoldschoolbusesandtravelledaroundtheUnitedStates.TheHogFarmbecamefamouswhentheyhelpedorganizetheWoodstockRockFestivalin1969.SteveGaskin’sfollowerstriedtosettledownonafarminTenesseebuttheyhadtoleavewhensomemembersofthegroupwerearrestedforgrowingmarijuana.Notallcommunesbelievedinthephilosophyofdoyourownthinghowever;TwinOaksacommunefoundedinVirginiainthelate1960swasbasedontheideasofpsychologistB.F.Skinner.ThepeoplewholivedatTwinOakswerecarefullycontrolledbySkinner’sconditioningtechniquestodothingsthatweregoodforthecommunity.In1972ItalianarchitectPaoloSoleribegantobuildArcosantiautopiancityinArizonawhere2500peoplewilllivecloselytogetherinonelargebuildingcalledanarchaeology.Soleribelievesthatpeoplemustlivecloselytogethersothattheywillallbecomeone.WhatwastheTwinOakscommunebasedonItwasbasedon______.
Americansspendalotofmoneyintheirdailylives.Workingpeoplespendmoneyontransportationtoandfromworkandonvariousexpensesthroughouttheday.Americansen-joyshoppingandbuymanythingsthattheyneedandwant.Theyspendalotofmoneyonentertainment.Theybuysportsequipmenttodosportingeventsanddomanythingsthatcostmoney.HowevermanyAmericansdon’tpaycashorwritechecksforthesethings.Moreandmoretheypayforthingswithcreditcards信用卡.Creditcardsaresmallrectangularplasticcards.Banksgivethesecardstotheircustomers.Whenthecustomerbuyssomethingatastoreheshowshiscardatthestore.Thisauthorizes委托thestoretocharge记入thebankaccountforthecustomer’spurchase.Thebankcollectsallthechargesforeachcustomer.Thenonceamonththebankrequiresthecustomertopayallthechargesforthatmonth.Thebankdoesnotforcethecustomertopaythefullamount.Itasksthecustomertopayforthechargesinseveralpaymentsoveraperiodoftime.Howeverthebankrequiresthecustomertopayinterestontheunpaidofthecharges.Inthiswaythebankallowscustomerstobuythingstheycannotaffordatonetime.Peoplecanusethecardtobuywhattheywantandpayforitoveraperiodoftime.Theyalsodonotneedtocarryalotofmoney.WhoareallowedtousecreditcardsintheUnitedStates
Notallpeoplegottheirnames21theirfathers.Somegottheirnamesfromtheplacesthey22.Forexampleafamilyhadlivedinavillage23manygreentreesandplantswascalledGreenorGreenberg.24theylivedinatowncalledMoortheywere25theMoores. Sometimespeoplegottheirnamesfrom26theylooked.A27personwasperhapscalledLong.Ifpeopleinafamilyhad28hairthefamilywassometimescalledtheBlacksortheBrowns.Iftheirhairwas29theymayhavebeencalledtheWhites. Peopleoften30theirnamesfromthekindof31theydid.Apersonwho32clothingwasnamedTaylor.33personwhobakedbreadwascalledBaker.Apersonwhohadaverygood34wasnamedSinger. Afterawhilethesenamesstayedwithpeopleand35familynamesthatarestillusedtoday. 27
Tomorrowwe’llseetheGoldenGateBridge.saidPeter.I’veneverseenagoldenbridgebefore.Peter’sfathersmiledbutsaidnothing.Peterwouldsoonseethebridge.ThenextmorninghisfathertookPetertothebridge.Howbigitlooked!Andthebridgewasred!Itisn’tnamedforitscoloursaidhisfather.It’snamedfortheGoldenGate.What’stheGoldenGateaskedPeter.Agateiseitheranopeningorathingthatclosesanopeningsaidhisfather.TheGoldenGateisanopeningintheland.WaterfromtheseacomesthroughthisopeningintoSanFranciscoBay.OhsaidPeter.Andthebridgeisovertheopening.ButwhyistheopeningcalledtheGoldenGateYearsagomencameheretotookforgold.Manycamebyship.Forthemitwasagatetogold.WellIstillthinkthebridgeshouldlookgolden.Whenpetergothomehesentalettertoanewspaper.Intheletterhesaid:RedisnottherightcolourfortheGoldenGateBridge.Thebridgeshouldlookgoldenthewaymostpeoplethinkitdoes.Petersentallthemoneyhehadsavedwithhisletter.Thismoneyistohelppaintthebridgehewrote.ManypeoplereadPeter’sletter.Rightawaythingsbegantohappen!Somepeoplesentmoney.Abigcompanygaverealgold.Butnotallthepeoplewantedtochangethecolourofthebridge.WilltheGoldenGateBridgeeverbegoldenTheGoldenGate
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