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? ?下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断，如果该句提的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 ...
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{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文章中没有提及请选择C ??Experimentshavebeencarriedouton volunteerstoseewhathappenswhenallsensationsarestopped.Thiscanbedone inseveralways.Onemethodistoputamaninsideacompletelyisolatedroom. Thisroomisheavilysound-proofedandabsolutelydark.Thereisnolightor soundandthepersonisinstructedjusttoliemotionlessinabed.Peoplehave stayedinroomssuchasthisforaslongasfourdays.Theresultsofsensory deprivationSDvarywiththeindividual.??Soonafterentering theconfinementcellmostsubjectswenttosleepandsleptalmostwithout interruptionfortentotwenty-fourhours.Thesearegrossestimatesforthere wasnothingbywhichthesubjectscoulddeterminethetimewhichhadelapsed.We knowforcertainthatonesubjectsleptfornineteenhoursbutinsistedthathe hadhadanapoflessthanonehour.Accordingtothemonitoringmicrophone whichwascapableofpickingupthedeepbreathingofsleepitseemsmore likelythatmostsubjectssleptallofthefirsttwenty-fourhours.? ?Wefeltthatsomuchsleepinginthefirstdaywastedtheeffectsof confinementsowestartedplacingsubjectsinSDearlyinthemorning.We reasonedthatafteranight’ssleepourconfinedsubjectwouldbeunableto dissipate驱散theeffectsofSDbysleeping.Suchwasnotthecase.Asfaraswe coulddeterminetheywenttosleepjustasquicklyandsleptjustaslongasthe previoussubjects.Wethenstartedenteringthesubjectsatmidmorningmidday andmidafternoon.Asitturnedoutitmadenodifferencewhenduringtheday andpresumablyduringthenightwestartedtheconfinement;theinitialsleep periodwasalwaysaboutthesame.??Wehadnotexpectedthis extendedperiodofinitialsleep.Infactithadseemedreasonabletoexpect somethingoftheopposite.SDwasaverynovelsituationforoursubjectsand assuchwereasoneditshouldhaveoccupiedthemforsometime.Ihada similarexpectationforastronautsduringspaceflightandwasgreatlysurprised tolearnthattheRussianastronautYuriGagarinhadbeenabletosleepduring hisspaceflightaroundtheearth.??Othereffectswerealso noted.Withnorealsensationstoworkonthebrainmakesupallsortsoffalse information.Manypeopleexperiencevividdreamsandhallucinations幻觉.When theyarefinallytakenoutoftheroomintotherealchangingworldoflightand soundtheyareinaverystrangestateofmindreadytobelieveanythingand notreallyabletomakedecisions.Thispassageismainlyaboutwhatwillhappenifsensationswerelost.
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{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文章中没有提及请选择C ??Experimentshavebeencarriedouton volunteerstoseewhathappenswhenallsensationsarestopped.Thiscanbedone inseveralways.Onemethodistoputamaninsideacompletelyisolatedroom. Thisroomisheavilysound-proofedandabsolutelydark.Thereisnolightor soundandthepersonisinstructedjusttoliemotionlessinabed.Peoplehave stayedinroomssuchasthisforaslongasfourdays.Theresultsofsensory deprivationSDvarywiththeindividual.??Soonafterentering theconfinementcellmostsubjectswenttosleepandsleptalmostwithout interruptionfortentotwenty-fourhours.Thesearegrossestimatesforthere wasnothingbywhichthesubjectscoulddeterminethetimewhichhadelapsed.We knowforcertainthatonesubjectsleptfornineteenhoursbutinsistedthathe hadhadanapoflessthanonehour.Accordingtothemonitoringmicrophone whichwascapableofpickingupthedeepbreathingofsleepitseemsmore likelythatmostsubjectssleptallofthefirsttwenty-fourhours.? ?Wefeltthatsomuchsleepinginthefirstdaywastedtheeffectsof confinementsowestartedplacingsubjectsinSDearlyinthemorning.We reasonedthatafteranight’ssleepourconfinedsubjectwouldbeunableto dissipate驱散theeffectsofSDbysleeping.Suchwasnotthecase.Asfaraswe coulddeterminetheywenttosleepjustasquicklyandsleptjustaslongasthe previoussubjects.Wethenstartedenteringthesubjectsatmidmorningmidday andmidafternoon.Asitturnedoutitmadenodifferencewhenduringtheday andpresumablyduringthenightwestartedtheconfinement;theinitialsleep periodwasalwaysaboutthesame.??Wehadnotexpectedthis extendedperiodofinitialsleep.Infactithadseemedreasonabletoexpect somethingoftheopposite.SDwasaverynovelsituationforoursubjectsand assuchwereasoneditshouldhaveoccupiedthemforsometime.Ihada similarexpectationforastronautsduringspaceflightandwasgreatlysurprised tolearnthattheRussianastronautYuriGagarinhadbeenabletosleepduring hisspaceflightaroundtheearth.??Othereffectswerealso noted.Withnorealsensationstoworkonthebrainmakesupallsortsoffalse information.Manypeopleexperiencevividdreamsandhallucinations幻觉.When theyarefinallytakenoutoftheroomintotherealchangingworldoflightand soundtheyareinaverystrangestateofmindreadytobelieveanythingand notreallyabletomakedecisions.Aperiodofsensorydeprivationwouldmakeamonkeyhardtocontrol.
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{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??Idlespeculationhasnoplacein sciencebutspeculationisitsverylifebloodawellknownphysicist believes.??Themorefundamentalandfar-reachingascientific theoryisthemorespeculativeitislikelytobe.Itiserroneoustobelieve thatscienceisonlyconcernedwithpurefactsformereaccumulationoffacts isaprimitiveformofscience.Amaturesciencetriestoarrangefactsin significantpatternstoseerelationshipsbetweenpreviouslyunrelatedaspects ’oftheuniverse.??Atheorythatdoesnotsuggestnewwaysof lookingattheuniverseisnotlikelytomakeanimportantcontributiontothe developmentofscience.Howeveritisalsoimportantthattheoriesarechecked bynewexperimentsandobservations.??Dr.Ovendendiscusses recentdiscoveriesinbiologychemistryand’physicsthatgivecluestothe possibilityoflifeinthesolarsystemandotherstarsystems.Hediscusses conditionsonMarsVenusJupiterandSaturnandconsiderswhetherornotthe sameconditionsmaybefoundonplanetsofotherstars.??Onlythe planetsVenusEarthandMarsliewithinthetemperaturezoneabout75000 000mileswideinwhichlifecanexist.Venusiscoveredbyadenselayerof cloudswhichpermitnoobservationofthesurfaceandthesurfacetemperature oftheplanetisnotknown.??MarsiscolderthanEarththe averagetemperaturebeingaboutminus40degreesFahrenheitcomparedwithplus 59degreesFahrenheitastheaverageforearth.HoweverneartheMarspoles duringthesummerseasontemperaturesmayrisetoasmuchas70degrees Fahrenheitwhereaswintertemperaturesmayfalltominus130degrees Fahrenheit.??Becauseoftheextremedifferenceinthe Martian火星的seasonstheonlylifeformsexpected?toexistwithouta built-in内在的固有的temperaturecontrolsuchaswarm-bloodedanimalsandhumans havearethosewhichwouldstayinactivemostoftheyear.? ?Attemptshavebeenmadetodetectinthespectrumofthedarkmarkingson MarstheabsorptionlinesduetochlorophyII.Sofarthetesthasnot succeeded.ButtheinfraredspectrumoftheMartianmarkingshasbeenfoundto beverysimilartothespectrumofearthvegetationwhenstudiedathigh altitudes.Accordingtotheauthorlifecannotexiston______.
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文章中没有提及请选择C ??Experimentshavebeencarriedouton volunteerstoseewhathappenswhenallsensationsarestopped.Thiscanbedone inseveralways.Onemethodistoputamaninsideacompletelyisolatedroom. Thisroomisheavilysound-proofedandabsolutelydark.Thereisnolightor soundandthepersonisinstructedjusttoliemotionlessinabed.Peoplehave stayedinroomssuchasthisforaslongasfourdays.Theresultsofsensory deprivationSDvarywiththeindividual.??Soonafterentering theconfinementcellmostsubjectswenttosleepandsleptalmostwithout interruptionfortentotwenty-fourhours.Thesearegrossestimatesforthere wasnothingbywhichthesubjectscoulddeterminethetimewhichhadelapsed.We knowforcertainthatonesubjectsleptfornineteenhoursbutinsistedthathe hadhadanapoflessthanonehour.Accordingtothemonitoringmicrophone whichwascapableofpickingupthedeepbreathingofsleepitseemsmore likelythatmostsubjectssleptallofthefirsttwenty-fourhours.? ?Wefeltthatsomuchsleepinginthefirstdaywastedtheeffectsof confinementsowestartedplacingsubjectsinSDearlyinthemorning.We reasonedthatafteranight’ssleepourconfinedsubjectwouldbeunableto dissipate驱散theeffectsofSDbysleeping.Suchwasnotthecase.Asfaraswe coulddeterminetheywenttosleepjustasquicklyandsleptjustaslongasthe previoussubjects.Wethenstartedenteringthesubjectsatmidmorningmidday andmidafternoon.Asitturnedoutitmadenodifferencewhenduringtheday andpresumablyduringthenightwestartedtheconfinement;theinitialsleep periodwasalwaysaboutthesame.??Wehadnotexpectedthis extendedperiodofinitialsleep.Infactithadseemedreasonabletoexpect somethingoftheopposite.SDwasaverynovelsituationforoursubjectsand assuchwereasoneditshouldhaveoccupiedthemforsometime.Ihada similarexpectationforastronautsduringspaceflightandwasgreatlysurprised tolearnthattheRussianastronautYuriGagarinhadbeenabletosleepduring hisspaceflightaroundtheearth.??Othereffectswerealso noted.Withnorealsensationstoworkonthebrainmakesupallsortsoffalse information.Manypeopleexperiencevividdreamsandhallucinations幻觉.When theyarefinallytakenoutoftheroomintotherealchangingworldoflightand soundtheyareinaverystrangestateofmindreadytobelieveanythingand notreallyabletomakedecisions.Manypeoplearesubjecttofantasywhileinthesensorydeprivationcell.
Theauthor'scousinHarryquiteclearlyhadarather{{U}}weird{{/U}}senseofhumour.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ??Whileapersonalcomputershouldcontinuetoperform predictablyforyearsveteranWindowsusersknowalltoowellthatsystem instabilityisafactoflife.Yetyoucanminimizetheglitchesthatyou experiencewithyourcomputerbyheedingthetipsbelow.2.??If yourunWindows98orWindowsMillenniumyourcomputershouldhaveatleast128 megabytesMBofRAM--andmoreifyoufindthatyourharddriveischurninga lotasyouworkwithyourapplications.Youcanalsogetbywith128MBofRAM ifyouuseWindowsNTorWindows2000buttheseoperatingsystemswillrunmuch moresmoothlyifyouhave256MBofRAMormore.3.??Beta softwarebyitsverynatureispre-releasesoftware—meaningthatitstillhas significantknownbugsordefects.Thesamegoesunfortunatelyformany sharewareprograms.?Theauthorsofsharewareprogramstypicallyhave muchlesstimeandfewerresourcesavailablefortestingtheirprograms. Consequentlyit’sfarmorecommontofindsharewaresoftwarethatis buggy.4.??No-namehardwaresmaybecheaperandsometimesjust asgoodasname-brandproductsbutname-brandproductsusuallybecame well-knownbecauseoftheirreliability.It’salsowisetobuyproductsfrom reputablecompaniesbecauseWindowswillmoreoftensupportthehardwarethat youpurchase.Ifyouarestartingoutwithcomputersit’salsoagoodideato buyready-madesystemsfrommajormanufacturers.Thesearelikelytohavetested thoroughlywithyouroperatingsystemandyouwillgenerallyexperiencefewer problems.5.??Nomatterhowwellyoursystemrunswhenyouget itthedaywillcomewhenitwillneedtobereplaced.Hopefullyyouwill replaceitbecausethetechnologyhasbecomeoutdatedbutyoumayneedto replaceitalsobecausetheharddrivecrashesoryoubeginexperiencing problemsthatnoonecanfigureout.That’swhyit’simportanttobackupyour importantfilesregularly.WhetheryouuseatapebackupdeviceoraCD-RW driveit’simportanttomapoutaregularbackupscheduleandtostickto it.Manysharewareprogramsarebuggybecause______.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ??Whileapersonalcomputershouldcontinuetoperform predictablyforyearsveteranWindowsusersknowalltoowellthatsystem instabilityisafactoflife.Yetyoucanminimizetheglitchesthatyou experiencewithyourcomputerbyheedingthetipsbelow.2.??If yourunWindows98orWindowsMillenniumyourcomputershouldhaveatleast128 megabytesMBofRAM--andmoreifyoufindthatyourharddriveischurninga lotasyouworkwithyourapplications.Youcanalsogetbywith128MBofRAM ifyouuseWindowsNTorWindows2000buttheseoperatingsystemswillrunmuch moresmoothlyifyouhave256MBofRAMormore.3.??Beta softwarebyitsverynatureispre-releasesoftware—meaningthatitstillhas significantknownbugsordefects.Thesamegoesunfortunatelyformany sharewareprograms.?Theauthorsofsharewareprogramstypicallyhave muchlesstimeandfewerresourcesavailablefortestingtheirprograms. Consequentlyit’sfarmorecommontofindsharewaresoftwarethatis buggy.4.??No-namehardwaresmaybecheaperandsometimesjust asgoodasname-brandproductsbutname-brandproductsusuallybecame well-knownbecauseoftheirreliability.It’salsowisetobuyproductsfrom reputablecompaniesbecauseWindowswillmoreoftensupportthehardwarethat youpurchase.Ifyouarestartingoutwithcomputersit’salsoagoodideato buyready-madesystemsfrommajormanufacturers.Thesearelikelytohavetested thoroughlywithyouroperatingsystemandyouwillgenerallyexperiencefewer problems.5.??Nomatterhowwellyoursystemrunswhenyouget itthedaywillcomewhenitwillneedtobereplaced.Hopefullyyouwill replaceitbecausethetechnologyhasbecomeoutdatedbutyoumayneedto replaceitalsobecausetheharddrivecrashesoryoubeginexperiencing problemsthatnoonecanfigureout.That’swhyit’simportanttobackupyour importantfilesregularly.WhetheryouuseatapebackupdeviceoraCD-RW driveit’simportanttomapoutaregularbackupscheduleandtostickto it.Paragraph5______
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
Inthenearfuturewecan{{U}}lookfor{{/U}}morewomeninleadershiproles.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ??Whileapersonalcomputershouldcontinuetoperform predictablyforyearsveteranWindowsusersknowalltoowellthatsystem instabilityisafactoflife.Yetyoucanminimizetheglitchesthatyou experiencewithyourcomputerbyheedingthetipsbelow.2.??If yourunWindows98orWindowsMillenniumyourcomputershouldhaveatleast128 megabytesMBofRAM--andmoreifyoufindthatyourharddriveischurninga lotasyouworkwithyourapplications.Youcanalsogetbywith128MBofRAM ifyouuseWindowsNTorWindows2000buttheseoperatingsystemswillrunmuch moresmoothlyifyouhave256MBofRAMormore.3.??Beta softwarebyitsverynatureispre-releasesoftware—meaningthatitstillhas significantknownbugsordefects.Thesamegoesunfortunatelyformany sharewareprograms.?Theauthorsofsharewareprogramstypicallyhave muchlesstimeandfewerresourcesavailablefortestingtheirprograms. Consequentlyit’sfarmorecommontofindsharewaresoftwarethatis buggy.4.??No-namehardwaresmaybecheaperandsometimesjust asgoodasname-brandproductsbutname-brandproductsusuallybecame well-knownbecauseoftheirreliability.It’salsowisetobuyproductsfrom reputablecompaniesbecauseWindowswillmoreoftensupportthehardwarethat youpurchase.Ifyouarestartingoutwithcomputersit’salsoagoodideato buyready-madesystemsfrommajormanufacturers.Thesearelikelytohavetested thoroughlywithyouroperatingsystemandyouwillgenerallyexperiencefewer problems.5.??Nomatterhowwellyoursystemrunswhenyouget itthedaywillcomewhenitwillneedtobereplaced.Hopefullyyouwill replaceitbecausethetechnologyhasbecomeoutdatedbutyoumayneedto replaceitalsobecausetheharddrivecrashesoryoubeginexperiencing problemsthatnoonecanfigureout.That’swhyit’simportanttobackupyour importantfilesregularly.WhetheryouuseatapebackupdeviceoraCD-RW driveit’simportanttomapoutaregularbackupscheduleandtostickto it.Whenaharddiskgetstoofull______.
Webecome{{U}}susceptible{{/U}}tothemoodsandfeelings?thebehaviorandtreatmentofourspouse
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
Machinesaredesignedtohelprestoreour{{U}}intrinsic{{/U}}systemofchecksandbalancesofourbiology.
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
TheGeneIndustry Majorcompaniesarealreadyinpursuitofcommercialapplicationsofthenewbiology.Theydreamofplacingenzymesintheautomobiletomonitorexhaustandsenddataonpollutiontoamicroprocessorthatwillthenadjusttheengine.TheyspeakofwhattheNewYorkTimescallsmetal—hungrymicrobesthatmightbeusedtominevaluabletracemetalsfromoceanwater.Theyhavealreadydemandedandwontherighttopatentnewlifeforms. Nervouscriticsincludingmanyscientistsworrythatthereiscorporatenationalinternationalandinter-scientificrivalryintheentirebiotechnologicalfield.Theycreateimagesnotofoilspillsbutofmicrobespillsthatcouldspreaddiseaseanddestroyentirepopulations.Thecreationandaccidentalreleaseofextremelypoisonousmicrobeshoweverisonlyonecauseforalarm.Completelyrationalandrespectablescientistsaretalkingaboutpossibilitiesthatstaggertheimagination. Shouldwebreedpeoplewithcow-likestomachssotheycandigestgrassandhaytherebyrelievingthefoodproblembymodifyingustoeatlowerdownonthefoodchain?Shouldwebiologicallyalterworkerstofitthejobrequirementforexamplecreatingpilotswithfasterreactiontimesorassembly-lineworkersdesignedtodoourmonotonousworkforus?Shouldweattempttoeliminateinferiorpeopleandbreedasuper-race?Hitlertriedthisbutwithoutthegeneticweaponrythatmaysoonissuefromourlaboratories.Shouldweproducesoldierstodoourfighting?Shouldweusegeneticforecastingtopre-eliminateunfitbabies?Shouldwegrowreserveorgansforourselveseachofushavingasitwereasavingsbankfullofsparekidneyliversorhands? Wildasthesenotionsmaysoundeveryonehasitsadvocatesandopposersinthescientificcommunityaswellasitsstrikingcommercialapplication.AstwocriticsofgeneticengineeringJeremyRifkinandTedHowardstateintheirbookWhoShouldPlayGod?BroadScalegeneticengineeringwillprobablybeintroducedtoAmericamuchthesamewayasassemblylinesautomobilesvaccinescomputersandalltheothertechnologies.Aseachnewgeneticadvancebecomescommerciallypracticalanewconsumerneedwillbeexploitedandamarketforthenewtechnologywillbecreated. AccordingtothepassageHitlerattemptedto______.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文章中没有提及请选择C ??Experimentshavebeencarriedouton volunteerstoseewhathappenswhenallsensationsarestopped.Thiscanbedone inseveralways.Onemethodistoputamaninsideacompletelyisolatedroom. Thisroomisheavilysound-proofedandabsolutelydark.Thereisnolightor soundandthepersonisinstructedjusttoliemotionlessinabed.Peoplehave stayedinroomssuchasthisforaslongasfourdays.Theresultsofsensory deprivationSDvarywiththeindividual.??Soonafterentering theconfinementcellmostsubjectswenttosleepandsleptalmostwithout interruptionfortentotwenty-fourhours.Thesearegrossestimatesforthere wasnothingbywhichthesubjectscoulddeterminethetimewhichhadelapsed.We knowforcertainthatonesubjectsleptfornineteenhoursbutinsistedthathe hadhadanapoflessthanonehour.Accordingtothemonitoringmicrophone whichwascapableofpickingupthedeepbreathingofsleepitseemsmore likelythatmostsubjectssleptallofthefirsttwenty-fourhours.? ?Wefeltthatsomuchsleepinginthefirstdaywastedtheeffectsof confinementsowestartedplacingsubjectsinSDearlyinthemorning.We reasonedthatafteranight’ssleepourconfinedsubjectwouldbeunableto dissipate驱散theeffectsofSDbysleeping.Suchwasnotthecase.Asfaraswe coulddeterminetheywenttosleepjustasquicklyandsleptjustaslongasthe previoussubjects.Wethenstartedenteringthesubjectsatmidmorningmidday andmidafternoon.Asitturnedoutitmadenodifferencewhenduringtheday andpresumablyduringthenightwestartedtheconfinement;theinitialsleep periodwasalwaysaboutthesame.??Wehadnotexpectedthis extendedperiodofinitialsleep.Infactithadseemedreasonabletoexpect somethingoftheopposite.SDwasaverynovelsituationforoursubjectsand assuchwereasoneditshouldhaveoccupiedthemforsometime.Ihada similarexpectationforastronautsduringspaceflightandwasgreatlysurprised tolearnthattheRussianastronautYuriGagarinhadbeenabletosleepduring hisspaceflightaroundtheearth.??Othereffectswerealso noted.Withnorealsensationstoworkonthebrainmakesupallsortsoffalse information.Manypeopleexperiencevividdreamsandhallucinations幻觉.When theyarefinallytakenoutoftheroomintotherealchangingworldoflightand soundtheyareinaverystrangestateofmindreadytobelieveanythingand notreallyabletomakedecisions.Allthepeoplereactinthesamewaytosensorydeprivation.
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
CommunicationProblems After20yearsofresearchmycolleaguesandIhavediscoveredthatallcommunicationinvolvesourbodiessometimesprofoundly.Whilewespeakwithwordswealsospeakwitheveryfiberofourbeing.Thislanguageoftheheartisintegraltothehealthandemotionallifeofallofus. Wefoundthatevenapleasantchatabouttheweathercanaffectthecardiovascular心血管性的systemparticularlybloodpressure.Thetraditionalwayoftakingbloodpressure—withastethoscope听诊器—meantthatthepatienthadtokeepsilentandthissilencepreventedcliniciansfromdiscoveringthelinkbetweencommunicationandbloodpressure. Thebreakthroughinourstudiesoccurredin1977whenwemetEdatypicalhypertensivepatientwhocametotheUniversityofMaryland’’sPsychophysiologyCenterfortreatment.WehookedupEdtoanewcom?puterthatcouldcontinuouslymonitorbloodpressure.Wefoundthathispressureimmediatelyincreasedeverytimehespokeevenifhewasdiscussingthemostneutraltopic.WhatwasmoresurprisingwasthatEdwasunawareofthesechanges. Thisfindingsointrigueduswebegantestingothers.Theresultswerethesame.Bloodpressureandheartrateroserapidlywheneverpeopletalked.Weaskedstudentstoreadaloudfromabland乏味的text.Theirbloodpressureandheartrateroserapidlyeverytime.Wetested38deaf-mutevolunteers.Whenthesepeoplesignedtheirbloodpressurealsoincreased.Thisconfirmedoursuspicionthatitwastheactofcommunicationnotjusttalkingthatledtothesechanges. Mostnormaltalkisaseesaw一上一下的动作.Therisingofbloodpressurewhenonetalksisbalancedbyarapidloweringofpressurewhenonelistens.Buttherhythmisoutofsynclinalhypertensives.Theyfluentlyfailtolisten;theyareonguarddefensive.Sotheirpressurestaysup. ThebenefitsoflisteningareseenintheorientingreflexdiscoveredbyPavlov.Whenadoghearsasoundorseesmovementitwillstopallactivityandcockitshead.AnotherRussianscientistE.N.Soklornoticedthatthedog’’sheartrateslows. Asimilarresponseoccursinpeopletoo—anditlowersbloodactivities:readingoutloudstaringatablankwallandwatchingfishinatank.Bloodpressurewashingtestwhenthepeoplespoke.Butitwaslowestwhentheywatchedthefishratherthanwhentheysimplysatandrelaxed.Whetherwatchingfishorlisteningtoanotherpersonattendingcalmlytotheworldoutsideyourselfhelpslowerbloodpressure.WhenIgothypertensivestolistenundefensivelytheirbloodpressureoftenfelldramatically. Whydosomepeoplefindtalkingsostressfulandlisteningsodifficult?Itestedsomehealthynewborns.Whentheycriedtheirbloodpressureoftendoubled.Webeganthinkingaboutpressuresurgesinhypertensivesassimilartothechangeswhenababycries.Thoughcalmonthesurfacewhiletalkingtheirbodiesarescreamingtobeheard.Forthesepeoplecommunicationbecomesadesperatebuthiddenstruggle.Insidetheiradultbodiesisababycryingterrifiedbecausenoonecanhearit. Sohowcanweenjoyconversationyetkeepbloodpressuredown?Bylisteningmorebybreathingregularlywhiletalkingbyalternatingbetweentalkingandpayingattentiontowhattheotherpersonissaying.Butwhatcanhypertensivesdo?Treatmentsthatteachthemtofocusontheirrelationshipandhowtocommunicateinarelaxedwaycanbeastarttowardhealth. Wecanunderstandandcopewithillnessonlywhenweviewourselvesaspartofacomplexworldbeyondtheconfinesofourownindividualskin.Theresponseofourheartsbloodvesselsandmuscleswhenwecommunicatewithspousechildrenfriendsandcolleaguesisasvitaltoourcardiovascularhealthasisexerciseordiet. Fromthearticlewecanseethatthewordlisteninginthetitlewhylisteningisgoodforyouemphasizes______.
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
TheGeneIndustry Majorcompaniesarealreadyinpursuitofcommercialapplicationsofthenewbiology.Theydreamofplacingenzymesintheautomobiletomonitorexhaustandsenddataonpollutiontoamicroprocessorthatwillthenadjusttheengine.TheyspeakofwhattheNewYorkTimescallsmetal—hungrymicrobesthatmightbeusedtominevaluabletracemetalsfromoceanwater.Theyhavealreadydemandedandwontherighttopatentnewlifeforms. Nervouscriticsincludingmanyscientistsworrythatthereiscorporatenationalinternationalandinter-scientificrivalryintheentirebiotechnologicalfield.Theycreateimagesnotofoilspillsbutofmicrobespillsthatcouldspreaddiseaseanddestroyentirepopulations.Thecreationandaccidentalreleaseofextremelypoisonousmicrobeshoweverisonlyonecauseforalarm.Completelyrationalandrespectablescientistsaretalkingaboutpossibilitiesthatstaggertheimagination. Shouldwebreedpeoplewithcow-likestomachssotheycandigestgrassandhaytherebyrelievingthefoodproblembymodifyingustoeatlowerdownonthefoodchain?Shouldwebiologicallyalterworkerstofitthejobrequirementforexamplecreatingpilotswithfasterreactiontimesorassembly-lineworkersdesignedtodoourmonotonousworkforus?Shouldweattempttoeliminateinferiorpeopleandbreedasuper-race?Hitlertriedthisbutwithoutthegeneticweaponrythatmaysoonissuefromourlaboratories.Shouldweproducesoldierstodoourfighting?Shouldweusegeneticforecastingtopre-eliminateunfitbabies?Shouldwegrowreserveorgansforourselveseachofushavingasitwereasavingsbankfullofsparekidneyliversorhands? Wildasthesenotionsmaysoundeveryonehasitsadvocatesandopposersinthescientificcommunityaswellasitsstrikingcommercialapplication.AstwocriticsofgeneticengineeringJeremyRifkinandTedHowardstateintheirbookWhoShouldPlayGod?BroadScalegeneticengineeringwillprobablybeintroducedtoAmericamuchthesamewayasassemblylinesautomobilesvaccinescomputersandalltheothertechnologies.Aseachnewgeneticadvancebecomescommerciallypracticalanewconsumerneedwillbeexploitedandamarketforthenewtechnologywillbecreated. Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingwouldworrythecriticsthemost?
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ??Whileapersonalcomputershouldcontinuetoperform predictablyforyearsveteranWindowsusersknowalltoowellthatsystem instabilityisafactoflife.Yetyoucanminimizetheglitchesthatyou experiencewithyourcomputerbyheedingthetipsbelow.2.??If yourunWindows98orWindowsMillenniumyourcomputershouldhaveatleast128 megabytesMBofRAM--andmoreifyoufindthatyourharddriveischurninga lotasyouworkwithyourapplications.Youcanalsogetbywith128MBofRAM ifyouuseWindowsNTorWindows2000buttheseoperatingsystemswillrunmuch moresmoothlyifyouhave256MBofRAMormore.3.??Beta softwarebyitsverynatureispre-releasesoftware—meaningthatitstillhas significantknownbugsordefects.Thesamegoesunfortunatelyformany sharewareprograms.?Theauthorsofsharewareprogramstypicallyhave muchlesstimeandfewerresourcesavailablefortestingtheirprograms. Consequentlyit’sfarmorecommontofindsharewaresoftwarethatis buggy.4.??No-namehardwaresmaybecheaperandsometimesjust asgoodasname-brandproductsbutname-brandproductsusuallybecame well-knownbecauseoftheirreliability.It’salsowisetobuyproductsfrom reputablecompaniesbecauseWindowswillmoreoftensupportthehardwarethat youpurchase.Ifyouarestartingoutwithcomputersit’salsoagoodideato buyready-madesystemsfrommajormanufacturers.Thesearelikelytohavetested thoroughlywithyouroperatingsystemandyouwillgenerallyexperiencefewer problems.5.??Nomatterhowwellyoursystemrunswhenyouget itthedaywillcomewhenitwillneedtobereplaced.Hopefullyyouwill replaceitbecausethetechnologyhasbecomeoutdatedbutyoumayneedto replaceitalsobecausetheharddrivecrashesoryoubeginexperiencing problemsthatnoonecanfigureout.That’swhyit’simportanttobackupyour importantfilesregularly.WhetheryouuseatapebackupdeviceoraCD-RW driveit’simportanttomapoutaregularbackupscheduleandtostickto it.Paragraph3______
CommunicationProblems After20yearsofresearchmycolleaguesandIhavediscoveredthatallcommunicationinvolvesourbodiessometimesprofoundly.Whilewespeakwithwordswealsospeakwitheveryfiberofourbeing.Thislanguageoftheheartisintegraltothehealthandemotionallifeofallofus. Wefoundthatevenapleasantchatabouttheweathercanaffectthecardiovascular心血管性的systemparticularlybloodpressure.Thetraditionalwayoftakingbloodpressure—withastethoscope听诊器—meantthatthepatienthadtokeepsilentandthissilencepreventedcliniciansfromdiscoveringthelinkbetweencommunicationandbloodpressure. Thebreakthroughinourstudiesoccurredin1977whenwemetEdatypicalhypertensivepatientwhocametotheUniversityofMaryland’’sPsychophysiologyCenterfortreatment.WehookedupEdtoanewcom?puterthatcouldcontinuouslymonitorbloodpressure.Wefoundthathispressureimmediatelyincreasedeverytimehespokeevenifhewasdiscussingthemostneutraltopic.WhatwasmoresurprisingwasthatEdwasunawareofthesechanges. Thisfindingsointrigueduswebegantestingothers.Theresultswerethesame.Bloodpressureandheartrateroserapidlywheneverpeopletalked.Weaskedstudentstoreadaloudfromabland乏味的text.Theirbloodpressureandheartrateroserapidlyeverytime.Wetested38deaf-mutevolunteers.Whenthesepeoplesignedtheirbloodpressurealsoincreased.Thisconfirmedoursuspicionthatitwastheactofcommunicationnotjusttalkingthatledtothesechanges. Mostnormaltalkisaseesaw一上一下的动作.Therisingofbloodpressurewhenonetalksisbalancedbyarapidloweringofpressurewhenonelistens.Buttherhythmisoutofsynclinalhypertensives.Theyfluentlyfailtolisten;theyareonguarddefensive.Sotheirpressurestaysup. ThebenefitsoflisteningareseenintheorientingreflexdiscoveredbyPavlov.Whenadoghearsasoundorseesmovementitwillstopallactivityandcockitshead.AnotherRussianscientistE.N.Soklornoticedthatthedog’’sheartrateslows. Asimilarresponseoccursinpeopletoo—anditlowersbloodactivities:readingoutloudstaringatablankwallandwatchingfishinatank.Bloodpressurewashingtestwhenthepeoplespoke.Butitwaslowestwhentheywatchedthefishratherthanwhentheysimplysatandrelaxed.Whetherwatchingfishorlisteningtoanotherpersonattendingcalmlytotheworldoutsideyourselfhelpslowerbloodpressure.WhenIgothypertensivestolistenundefensivelytheirbloodpressureoftenfelldramatically. Whydosomepeoplefindtalkingsostressfulandlisteningsodifficult?Itestedsomehealthynewborns.Whentheycriedtheirbloodpressureoftendoubled.Webeganthinkingaboutpressuresurgesinhypertensivesassimilartothechangeswhenababycries.Thoughcalmonthesurfacewhiletalkingtheirbodiesarescreamingtobeheard.Forthesepeoplecommunicationbecomesadesperatebuthiddenstruggle.Insidetheiradultbodiesisababycryingterrifiedbecausenoonecanhearit. Sohowcanweenjoyconversationyetkeepbloodpressuredown?Bylisteningmorebybreathingregularlywhiletalkingbyalternatingbetweentalkingandpayingattentiontowhattheotherpersonissaying.Butwhatcanhypertensivesdo?Treatmentsthatteachthemtofocusontheirrelationshipandhowtocommunicateinarelaxedwaycanbeastarttowardhealth. Wecanunderstandandcopewithillnessonlywhenweviewourselvesaspartofacomplexworldbeyondtheconfinesofourownindividualskin.Theresponseofourheartsbloodvesselsandmuscleswhenwecommunicatewithspousechildrenfriendsandcolleaguesisasvitaltoourcardiovascularhealthasisexerciseordiet. Thereasonwhytheauthorandhiscolleaguesgotthebreakthroughintheirstudiesin1977wasthat______.
CommunicationProblems After20yearsofresearchmycolleaguesandIhavediscoveredthatallcommunicationinvolvesourbodiessometimesprofoundly.Whilewespeakwithwordswealsospeakwitheveryfiberofourbeing.Thislanguageoftheheartisintegraltothehealthandemotionallifeofallofus. Wefoundthatevenapleasantchatabouttheweathercanaffectthecardiovascular心血管性的systemparticularlybloodpressure.Thetraditionalwayoftakingbloodpressure—withastethoscope听诊器—meantthatthepatienthadtokeepsilentandthissilencepreventedcliniciansfromdiscoveringthelinkbetweencommunicationandbloodpressure. Thebreakthroughinourstudiesoccurredin1977whenwemetEdatypicalhypertensivepatientwhocametotheUniversityofMaryland’’sPsychophysiologyCenterfortreatment.WehookedupEdtoanewcom?puterthatcouldcontinuouslymonitorbloodpressure.Wefoundthathispressureimmediatelyincreasedeverytimehespokeevenifhewasdiscussingthemostneutraltopic.WhatwasmoresurprisingwasthatEdwasunawareofthesechanges. Thisfindingsointrigueduswebegantestingothers.Theresultswerethesame.Bloodpressureandheartrateroserapidlywheneverpeopletalked.Weaskedstudentstoreadaloudfromabland乏味的text.Theirbloodpressureandheartrateroserapidlyeverytime.Wetested38deaf-mutevolunteers.Whenthesepeoplesignedtheirbloodpressurealsoincreased.Thisconfirmedoursuspicionthatitwastheactofcommunicationnotjusttalkingthatledtothesechanges. Mostnormaltalkisaseesaw一上一下的动作.Therisingofbloodpressurewhenonetalksisbalancedbyarapidloweringofpressurewhenonelistens.Buttherhythmisoutofsynclinalhypertensives.Theyfluentlyfailtolisten;theyareonguarddefensive.Sotheirpressurestaysup. ThebenefitsoflisteningareseenintheorientingreflexdiscoveredbyPavlov.Whenadoghearsasoundorseesmovementitwillstopallactivityandcockitshead.AnotherRussianscientistE.N.Soklornoticedthatthedog’’sheartrateslows. Asimilarresponseoccursinpeopletoo—anditlowersbloodactivities:readingoutloudstaringatablankwallandwatchingfishinatank.Bloodpressurewashingtestwhenthepeoplespoke.Butitwaslowestwhentheywatchedthefishratherthanwhentheysimplysatandrelaxed.Whetherwatchingfishorlisteningtoanotherpersonattendingcalmlytotheworldoutsideyourselfhelpslowerbloodpressure.WhenIgothypertensivestolistenundefensivelytheirbloodpressureoftenfelldramatically. Whydosomepeoplefindtalkingsostressfulandlisteningsodifficult?Itestedsomehealthynewborns.Whentheycriedtheirbloodpressureoftendoubled.Webeganthinkingaboutpressuresurgesinhypertensivesassimilartothechangeswhenababycries.Thoughcalmonthesurfacewhiletalkingtheirbodiesarescreamingtobeheard.Forthesepeoplecommunicationbecomesadesperatebuthiddenstruggle.Insidetheiradultbodiesisababycryingterrifiedbecausenoonecanhearit. Sohowcanweenjoyconversationyetkeepbloodpressuredown?Bylisteningmorebybreathingregularlywhiletalkingbyalternatingbetweentalkingandpayingattentiontowhattheotherpersonissaying.Butwhatcanhypertensivesdo?Treatmentsthatteachthemtofocusontheirrelationshipandhowtocommunicateinarelaxedwaycanbeastarttowardhealth. Wecanunderstandandcopewithillnessonlywhenweviewourselvesaspartofacomplexworldbeyondtheconfinesofourownindividualskin.Theresponseofourheartsbloodvesselsandmuscleswhenwecommunicatewithspousechildrenfriendsandcolleaguesisasvitaltoourcardiovascularhealthasisexerciseordiet. Inordertoreduceblood-pressurechangesincommunicationsthehypertensivepatients______.
{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??Idlespeculationhasnoplacein sciencebutspeculationisitsverylifebloodawellknownphysicist believes.??Themorefundamentalandfar-reachingascientific theoryisthemorespeculativeitislikelytobe.Itiserroneoustobelieve thatscienceisonlyconcernedwithpurefactsformereaccumulationoffacts isaprimitiveformofscience.Amaturesciencetriestoarrangefactsin significantpatternstoseerelationshipsbetweenpreviouslyunrelatedaspects ’oftheuniverse.??Atheorythatdoesnotsuggestnewwaysof lookingattheuniverseisnotlikelytomakeanimportantcontributiontothe developmentofscience.Howeveritisalsoimportantthattheoriesarechecked bynewexperimentsandobservations.??Dr.Ovendendiscusses recentdiscoveriesinbiologychemistryand’physicsthatgivecluestothe possibilityoflifeinthesolarsystemandotherstarsystems.Hediscusses conditionsonMarsVenusJupiterandSaturnandconsiderswhetherornotthe sameconditionsmaybefoundonplanetsofotherstars.??Onlythe planetsVenusEarthandMarsliewithinthetemperaturezoneabout75000 000mileswideinwhichlifecanexist.Venusiscoveredbyadenselayerof cloudswhichpermitnoobservationofthesurfaceandthesurfacetemperature oftheplanetisnotknown.??MarsiscolderthanEarththe averagetemperaturebeingaboutminus40degreesFahrenheitcomparedwithplus 59degreesFahrenheitastheaverageforearth.HoweverneartheMarspoles duringthesummerseasontemperaturesmayrisetoasmuchas70degrees Fahrenheitwhereaswintertemperaturesmayfalltominus130degrees Fahrenheit.??Becauseoftheextremedifferenceinthe Martian火星的seasonstheonlylifeformsexpected?toexistwithouta built-in内在的固有的temperaturecontrolsuchaswarm-bloodedanimalsandhumans havearethosewhichwouldstayinactivemostoftheyear.? ?Attemptshavebeenmadetodetectinthespectrumofthedarkmarkingson MarstheabsorptionlinesduetochlorophyII.Sofarthetesthasnot succeeded.ButtheinfraredspectrumoftheMartianmarkingshasbeenfoundto beverysimilartothespectrumofearthvegetationwhenstudiedathigh altitudes.DrOvendenmakesuseofdiscoveriesinbiologychemistryandphysicstodeveloptheoriesabout______.
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
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