首页
试卷库
试题库
当前位置：
X题卡
>
所有题目
>
题目详情
A. The invention of the fridge ? ?B. The pollution caused by fridges ? ?C. The widespread need for f...
查看本题答案
包含此试题的试卷
综合类《填空集》真题及答案
点击查看
你可能感兴趣的试题
A.TheinventionofthefridgeB.Thepollutioncausedbyfri
??A.milkmeatvegetablesetc.weredelivered? ?B.ithas
A.TheinventionofthefridgeB.Thepollutioncausedbyfri
下面的短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2456段每段选择1个最佳标题2
A.TheinventionofthefridgeB.Thepollutioncausedbyfri
TheFridge??Thefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbe
A.TheinventionofthefridgeB.Thepollutioncausedbyfri
??A.milkmeatvegetablesetc.weredelivered? ?B.ithas
A.Theinventionofthefridge??B.Thepollutioncausedbyf
???????????TheHistoryoftheFridge??1．Thefridgeiscon
TheFridgeThefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbeen
下面的短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2456段每段选择1个最佳标题2
TheFridgeThefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbeen
A.milkmeatvegetablesetc.weredelivered??B.ithasprom
A.milkmeatvegetablesetc.weredelivered??B.ithasprom
A.Theinventionofthefridge??B.Thepollutioncausedbyf
A.milkmeatvegetablesetc.weredeliveredB.ithaspromot
TheFridge??Thefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbe
A.Theinventionofthefridge??B.Thepollutioncausedbyf
A.milkmeatvegetablesetc.weredeliveredB.ithaspromot
热门试题
更多
TheWorkers’RoleinManagement Traditionallyithasbeentheworkers’roletoworkandmanagement’sroletomanage.Managershaveplannedanddirectedthefirm’soperationswithlittlethoughttoconsultingthelaborforce.Managershaverarelyfeltcompelledtoobtaintheworkers’opinionsortoexplaintheirdecisionstotheiremployees.Atmostcompanieshaveprovided"suggestionboxes"inwhichworkerscouldplaceideasforimprovingprocedures.Inrecentyearshowevermanymanagementspecialistshavebeenarguingthatworkersaremorethansellersoflabor--theyhaveavitalstakeinthecompanyandmaybeabletomakesignificantcontributionstoitsmanagement.Furthermoremajorcompanydecisionsprofoundlyaffectworkersandtheirdependents.Thisisparticularlytrueofplantclosingswhichmayputthousandsontheunemploymentlines.Shouldworkersthenplayastrongerroleinmanagement Workersshouldhavearoleinmanagement.Attheveryleastthelaborforceshouldbeinformedofmajorpolicydecisions.Acommoncomplaintamongrank-and-fileworkersisthelackofinformationaboutcompanypoliciesandactions.Between1980and1985aboutfivemillionworkerswerethevictimsofplantclosingsandpermanentlayoffsoftenwithnowarning.Atleast90days’noticeoughttobegiveninsuchinstancessothatworkershavetimetoadjust.Managementshouldconsultworkersbeforeclosingaplantbecausetheworkersmightbeabletosuggestwaysofimprovingproductivityandreducingcostsandmightbewillingtomakeconcessionsthatwillhelpkeeptheplantoperating. Itshouldbecomeageneralpracticetoincludeworkersinsomemanagerialdecisionmaking.Thereoughttoberepresentativesoftheworkersonthefirm’sboardofdirectorsorothermajorpolicymakinggroups.Ifrank-and-fileworkersaregivenavoiceintheplanningandmanagementoftheworkflowtheywillhelptomakeimprovementstheirmoralewillriseandtheirproductivitywillincrease.Asafurtherincentivetheymustbegivenashareinthecompany’sprofits.Thiscanbedonethroughemployeestockownershipplansbonusesorrewardsforefficiencyandproductivity.Finallywhenaplantcannolongeroperateataprofittheworkersshouldbegiventheopportunitytopurchasetheplantandrunitthemselves. Oneoftheadvantagesofinvolvingworkersinmakingadecisionisthattheinterpersonalrelationshipbetweenworkersandmanagerscanbeimproved.
FeastonTurkeyandGoodWishesatThanksgivingFourweeksagoUSchildrendressedasmonstersandaskedforsweets.ThatwasHalloweenInafewweeksAmericanhouseswillberedandgreenandfilledwithpresentsforChristmas.Asifallthisisn’tenoughonThursdaythisweekAmericawillenjoyanotherfestival-Thanksgiving.Childrenwillhavetwodaysoffschoolshopswillcloseandhouseswillbefilledwithfamiliesenjoyingmountainsoffood.EveryyearinGainesvilleFloridaanentireclasscelebrateThanksgivingtogether.Theclassdressesupandputsonplaysfortheirfamilies.AftertheplaysthefamiliesshareafeastoftraditionalThanksgivingfoodsliketurkeyandpumpkinpie.DeanFosteranIl-year-oldboywilltakepartinthiscelebration.Hesaid:IloveThanksgivingbecauseitmeanstimeoffschoollotsofnicefoodandahappyfamily.HisbrotherBenninesaid:ThebestthingaboutThanksgivingisthatwhenitisfinisheditistimetostartChristmas.Butbehindthefoodandthelargeamountofmoneyspentthereisanothermessage.OnThursdayeveningDeanandBen’sfamilywillmakeabasketandputitonthetableastheyeattheireveningmeal.Eachofthemwillwritealistofthingsthattheyarethankfulforandplacethepaperinthebasket.ThefamilywillreadthepiecesofpaperandtaketimetothankGodandeachotherforprovidingthemwithcomfortableandhappylives.Thanksgivingisatraditionalfestivalthatstartedin1621whenthefirstpilgrimsarrivedinAmericatostartanewlife.Afterahardyeartheyhadabigautumnharvest.TheyheldafeastandinvitedthenativeAmericanIndiansalongtothankGodforgivingthemenoughfood.ManycountriescelebrateThanksgiving.Theyoftenfallafterthefieldshavebeenharvestedandthecropscollectedforwinter.ThanksgivingisthetimefortheAmericanpeopletothankGodfor
TheWorkers’RoleinManagement Traditionallyithasbeentheworkers’roletoworkandmanagement’sroletomanage.Managershaveplannedanddirectedthefirm’soperationswithlittlethoughttoconsultingthelaborforce.Managershaverarelyfeltcompelledtoobtaintheworkers’opinionsortoexplaintheirdecisionstotheiremployees.Atmostcompanieshaveprovided"suggestionboxes"inwhichworkerscouldplaceideasforimprovingprocedures.Inrecentyearshowevermanymanagementspecialistshavebeenarguingthatworkersaremorethansellersoflabor--theyhaveavitalstakeinthecompanyandmaybeabletomakesignificantcontributionstoitsmanagement.Furthermoremajorcompanydecisionsprofoundlyaffectworkersandtheirdependents.Thisisparticularlytrueofplantclosingswhichmayputthousandsontheunemploymentlines.Shouldworkersthenplayastrongerroleinmanagement Workersshouldhavearoleinmanagement.Attheveryleastthelaborforceshouldbeinformedofmajorpolicydecisions.Acommoncomplaintamongrank-and-fileworkersisthelackofinformationaboutcompanypoliciesandactions.Between1980and1985aboutfivemillionworkerswerethevictimsofplantclosingsandpermanentlayoffsoftenwithnowarning.Atleast90days’noticeoughttobegiveninsuchinstancessothatworkershavetimetoadjust.Managementshouldconsultworkersbeforeclosingaplantbecausetheworkersmightbeabletosuggestwaysofimprovingproductivityandreducingcostsandmightbewillingtomakeconcessionsthatwillhelpkeeptheplantoperating. Itshouldbecomeageneralpracticetoincludeworkersinsomemanagerialdecisionmaking.Thereoughttoberepresentativesoftheworkersonthefirm’sboardofdirectorsorothermajorpolicymakinggroups.Ifrank-and-fileworkersaregivenavoiceintheplanningandmanagementoftheworkflowtheywillhelptomakeimprovementstheirmoralewillriseandtheirproductivitywillincrease.Asafurtherincentivetheymustbegivenashareinthecompany’sprofits.Thiscanbedonethroughemployeestockownershipplansbonusesorrewardsforefficiencyandproductivity.Finallywhenaplantcannolongeroperateataprofittheworkersshouldbegiventheopportunitytopurchasetheplantandrunitthemselves. Inrecentyearsmanymanagementspecialistshavebeenarguingfortheworker’sroleinmanagementwithtwomajorreasons.
{{*HTML*}}SomeUnusualCelebrations??Someholidaysarewell-knownallaroundtheworld.AmongthemareNewYear’sEvecelebrations.AlsocommonaredaysinhonorofloveandfriendshiplikeValentine’sDay.Eachcountryhasitsownspecialholidaystoooftentomarkimportanteventsinitshistory.Schoolsbanksandgovernmentofficesallcloseondayslikethese.?46?Afewofthemarereallyverystrange.??Ofcoursetheyarenotstrangetothepeoplewhocelebratethem.Perhapsthatisbecausethecelebrationshavelongtraditions.ConsiderAprilFool’sDayforexample.Nooneknowswhenorwhyitbegan.Todayitiscelebratedinmanycountries—FranceEnglandandAustraliaamongothers.Onthisdaypeopleplaypracticaljokes.?47?Theoneswholaugharetheonesplayingthejokes.Thepeopletheyfooloftengetangry.Doescelebratingthisdaymakesensetoyou???DyngusDayinPolandseemsstrangetoo.Onthisdayitistraditionalforboystopourwaterovertheheadsofgirls.Hereisthestrangestpart:Theydoittogirlstheylike.??Otherunusualcelebrationstakeplaceinasinglecityortown.AholidaycalledLaTomatinaiscelebratedinBunolSpain.EveryyearinlateAugustbigtruckscarrymorethan200000poundsoftomatoesintothislittletown.?48?Fortwohourspeopleinthestreetsthrowtomatoesateachother.Everyoneendsupredfromheadtotoe.??August10marksthestartofthePuckFairanIrishfestivalwithaveryunusualtradition.PeoplefromthetownofKillorglingoupintothemountainsandcatchawildgoat.?49???Therearealsosomecelebrationsthatarereallystrange.IntheUnitedStatessometimesonepersongetsanideaforanewholidayandtriestogetotherstoacceptit.WhoseideawasPublicSleepingDay?ThatoneisonFebruary28.ItmayseemstrangebutitsoundslikemorefunthantheoneonFebruary9.?50???Doyouliketheideaofinventinganewholiday?IfyoudothenyouwillwanttomarkMarch26onyourcalendar.ThatisMakeUpYourOwnHolidayDay.??A.Theybringhimbacktotownputacrownonhisheadandmakehimkingforthreedays.??B.Someofthedayspeoplecelebratehoweverarelessserious.??C.ThatissupposedtobeToothacheDay.??D.Thenbeginstheworld’sbiggestfoodfight.??E.Somepeoplehavefunimaginingnewholidays.??F.Jokesaresupposedtobefunnybutthesejokesdonotmakeeveryonelaugh.
{{*HTML*}}SomeUnusualCelebrations??Someholidaysarewell-knownallaroundtheworld.AmongthemareNewYear’sEvecelebrations.AlsocommonaredaysinhonorofloveandfriendshiplikeValentine’sDay.Eachcountryhasitsownspecialholidaystoooftentomarkimportanteventsinitshistory.Schoolsbanksandgovernmentofficesallcloseondayslikethese.?46?Afewofthemarereallyverystrange.??Ofcoursetheyarenotstrangetothepeoplewhocelebratethem.Perhapsthatisbecausethecelebrationshavelongtraditions.ConsiderAprilFool’sDayforexample.Nooneknowswhenorwhyitbegan.Todayitiscelebratedinmanycountries—FranceEnglandandAustraliaamongothers.Onthisdaypeopleplaypracticaljokes.?47?Theoneswholaugharetheonesplayingthejokes.Thepeopletheyfooloftengetangry.Doescelebratingthisdaymakesensetoyou???DyngusDayinPolandseemsstrangetoo.Onthisdayitistraditionalforboystopourwaterovertheheadsofgirls.Hereisthestrangestpart:Theydoittogirlstheylike.??Otherunusualcelebrationstakeplaceinasinglecityortown.AholidaycalledLaTomatinaiscelebratedinBunolSpain.EveryyearinlateAugustbigtruckscarrymorethan200000poundsoftomatoesintothislittletown.?48?Fortwohourspeopleinthestreetsthrowtomatoesateachother.Everyoneendsupredfromheadtotoe.??August10marksthestartofthePuckFairanIrishfestivalwithaveryunusualtradition.PeoplefromthetownofKillorglingoupintothemountainsandcatchawildgoat.?49???Therearealsosomecelebrationsthatarereallystrange.IntheUnitedStatessometimesonepersongetsanideaforanewholidayandtriestogetotherstoacceptit.WhoseideawasPublicSleepingDay?ThatoneisonFebruary28.ItmayseemstrangebutitsoundslikemorefunthantheoneonFebruary9.?50???Doyouliketheideaofinventinganewholiday?IfyoudothenyouwillwanttomarkMarch26onyourcalendar.ThatisMakeUpYourOwnHolidayDay.??A.Theybringhimbacktotownputacrownonhisheadandmakehimkingforthreedays.??B.Someofthedayspeoplecelebratehoweverarelessserious.??C.ThatissupposedtobeToothacheDay.??D.Thenbeginstheworld’sbiggestfoodfight.??E.Somepeoplehavefunimaginingnewholidays.??F.Jokesaresupposedtobefunnybutthesejokesdonotmakeeveryonelaugh.
TheOperationofInternationalAirlinesInternationalairlineshaverediscovered重新发现thebusinesstravelerthemanorwomanwhoregularlyjetsfromcountrytocountryaspartofthejob.Thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatairlineseverabandonedtheirbusinesstravelers.InsteadcompanieslikeLufthansaandSwissairwouldrightarguethattheyhavealwayscateredbestfortheexecutiveclasspassengers.Butmanyairlinescouldbeaccusedofconcentratingtooheavilyintherecentpastonattractingpassengersbyvolumeoftenattheexpenseoftheregulartraveler.Toooftentheyhaveseemedgearedforquantityratherthanquality.Operatingamajorairlineisessentiallyamatteroffindingtherightmixofpassengers.Theairlinesneedtofillupthebackendoftheirwide-bodiedjetswithlowfarepassengerswithoutforgettingthatthefrontendshouldbefilledwithpeoplewhopaysubstantiallymorefortheirtickets.Itisnocoincidencethatthetwomajorairlinebankruptcies破产wereamongthecompaniesspecializingincheapflights.Butlowfaresrequireconsistentlyfullaircrafttomakeflightseconomicallyviableandintherecentrecessionthevolumeoftraffichasnotgrown.Equallythelargenumberofairlinesjostlingfortheavailablepassengershascreatedahugeexcessofcapacity.Thenetresultofexcesscapacityandcut-throatcompetition卡脖子竞争drivingdownfareshadbeentopushsomeairlinesintocollapseandleavemanyothershoveringonthebrink.Againstthisgrim严酷backgrounditisnosurprisethatairlinesareturningincreasinglytowardsthebusinesstravelerstoimprovetheirratesofreturn.Theyhaveinvestedmuchtimeandefforttoestablishexactlywhattheexecutivedemandsforsittingapartfromthetourists.Highonthelistofprioritiesispunctuality;anexecutive’stimeismoney.In-flightserviceisanotherareawheretheairlinesarejostlingfortheexecutive’sattention.Thefreedrinksandheadsetsandbetterfoodareallpartofthelure.Anotherdevelopmenthasbeentheaccentofseatingarrangements.Regulartravelershavebecomewellversedinthedebateaboutseatpitch—theamountofroombetweeneachpassenger.Andfirst-classpassengersarenowofferedsleeperetteseatswhichforlongjourneysmakeitpossibletosnatchapropernight’ssleep.Sleeperetteshaveprovedsopopularthattheywillsoonbecomeuniversalinthefrontendofmostaircraft.Theairlinesarealsotryingtoimprovethingsontheground.Executiveloungesarecommonplaceandintendedtomaketheinevitablewaitingbetweenflightsalittlemorebearable.Luggagehandlingisbeingimproved.Regrettably遗憾地thereislittletheairlinescandotospeeduptheboringimmigrationandcustomsprocesswhichmanagestoupsetandfrustratepassengersofallclassesineverycontinent.Althoughitistheairlines’intentiontoattractexecutivepassengersfromtheirrivalstheairlinesthemselveswouldnonethelessliketochangeonebadhabitofthiskindoftraveler—theexpensivehabitofbookingaflightandthenfailingtoturnup.ThepracticeisparticularlywidespreadinEuropewherebusinessmenfrequentlybookreturnjourneyshomeoneonseveralflights.TheimprovementstheairlinesattemptatincludeallthefollowingEXCEPT
Ashipwasreportedtobeindistressafewmilesoutatsea.
{{*HTML*}}???????????HowtoGetalongWellwithYourBoss??1．Beforeyouarguewithyourbosscheckwiththeboss’ssecretarytodeterminehismood.Ifheatenailsforbreakfastitisnotagoodideatoaskhimforsomething.Evenwithouttheboss’ssecretarytherearekeystotimingdon’tapproachthebosswhenhe’sondeadllnedon’tgoinrightbeforelunchwhenheisapttobedistractedandrusheddon’tgoinjustbeforeorafterhehastokenavacation.??2．Ifyou’remadthatwillonlymakeyourbossmad.Calmclownfirst.Anddon’tletaparticularconcernopenthefloodgatesforallyouraccumulatedfrustration.Thebosswillfeelthatyouthinknegativelyaboutthecompanyanditishopelesstryingtochangeyourmind.Thenmaybehewilldismissyou.??3．Terribledisputescanresultwhenneithertheemployernortheemployeeknowswhatistheproblemtheotherwantstodiscuss.Sometimesthefightwillgoawaywhentheissuesaremadeclear.Theemployeehastogethispointacrossclearlyinordertomakethebossunderstandit.4．Yourbosshasenoughonhismindwithoutyouraddingmore.Ifyoucan’tputforwardanimmediatesolutionatleastsuggesthowtoapproachtheproblemPeoplewhofrequentlypresentproblemswithoutsolutionstotheirbossesmaysoonfindtheycan’tgetpastthesecretary.?5．Todealeffectivelywithabossit’simportanttoconsiderhisgoalsandpressures.Ifyoucanputyourselfinthepositionofbeingapartnertothebossthenhewillbenaturallymoreinclinedtoworkwithyoutoachieveyourgoals.Itisnotwisetopresentthebosswithaproblem______.
EatMoreWeighLessLiveLonger Clevergeneticdetectiveworkmayhavefoundoutthereasonwhyanear-starvationdietprolongsthelifeofmanyanimals. RonaldKahnatHarvardMedicalSchoolinBostonUSandhiscolleagueshavebeenabletoextendthelifespan寿命ofmiceby18percentbyblockingtherodent’s啮齿动物increaseoffatinspecificcells.Thissuggeststhatthinness—andnotnecessarilydiet—promoteslonglifein"calorie热量卡restricted"animals. "It’sverycoalwork"saysagingresearcherCynthiaKenyonoftheUniversityofCaliforniaSanFrancisco."Thesemiceeatalltheywantloseweightandlivelonger.It’slikeheaven." Calorierestriction.dramaticallyextendsthelifespanoforganismsasdifferentaswormsandrodents.Whetherthisworksinhumansisstillunknownpartlybecausefewpeoplearewillingtosubmittosuchastrictdiet. Butmanyresearchershopetheywillbeabletotriggerthesameeffectwithadrugoncetheyunderstandhowless.foodleadstoalongerlife.Onetheoryisthateatinglessreducestheincreaseofharmfulthingsthatcandamagecells.Butkahn’steamwonderedwhethertheanimalssimplybenefitbybecomingthin: Tofindouttheyusedbiologytrickstodisrupttheinsulin胰岛素receptor受体geneinlabmice—butonlyintheirfatcells."Sinceinsulinisneededtohelpfatcellsstorefattheseanimalswereprotectedagainstbecomingfat"explainsKahn. Thisslightgeneticchangeinasingletissuehaddramaticeffects.BythreemonthsofageKahn’smodifiedmicehadupto70percentlessbodyfatthannormalcontrolmicedespitethefactthattheyate55percentmorefoodpergramofbodyweight. Inadditiontheirlifespanincreased.Theaveragecontrolmouselived753dayswhilethethinrodentsaveragedalifespanof887days.Afterthreeyearsallthecontrolmicehaddiedbutone-quarterofthemodifiedrodentswerestillalive. "Thattheygettheseeffectsbyjustmanipulatingthefatcellsiscontroversial"saysLeonardGuarenteoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologywhostudiescalorierestrictionandaging.. ButGuarentesaysKahnhasyettoprovethatthesameeffectisresponsibleforincreasedlifespanincalorie-restrictedanimals."Itmightbethesameeffectortheremightbetworoutestolonglife"hepointsout"andthatwouldbeveryinteresting./ Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageabouttheroutetolonglife.
{{*HTML*}}???????????HowtoGetalongWellwithYourBoss??1．Beforeyouarguewithyourbosscheckwiththeboss’ssecretarytodeterminehismood.Ifheatenailsforbreakfastitisnotagoodideatoaskhimforsomething.Evenwithouttheboss’ssecretarytherearekeystotimingdon’tapproachthebosswhenhe’sondeadllnedon’tgoinrightbeforelunchwhenheisapttobedistractedandrusheddon’tgoinjustbeforeorafterhehastokenavacation.??2．Ifyou’remadthatwillonlymakeyourbossmad.Calmclownfirst.Anddon’tletaparticularconcernopenthefloodgatesforallyouraccumulatedfrustration.Thebosswillfeelthatyouthinknegativelyaboutthecompanyanditishopelesstryingtochangeyourmind.Thenmaybehewilldismissyou.??3．Terribledisputescanresultwhenneithertheemployernortheemployeeknowswhatistheproblemtheotherwantstodiscuss.Sometimesthefightwillgoawaywhentheissuesaremadeclear.Theemployeehastogethispointacrossclearlyinordertomakethebossunderstandit.4．Yourbosshasenoughonhismindwithoutyouraddingmore.Ifyoucan’tputforwardanimmediatesolutionatleastsuggesthowtoapproachtheproblemPeoplewhofrequentlypresentproblemswithoutsolutionstotheirbossesmaysoonfindtheycan’tgetpastthesecretary.?5．Todealeffectivelywithabossit’simportanttoconsiderhisgoalsandpressures.Ifyoucanputyourselfinthepositionofbeingapartnertothebossthenhewillbenaturallymoreinclinedtoworkwithyoutoachieveyourgoals.Paragraph4______
{{*HTML*}}Brands??Thewordbrandisacomprehensivetermthatencompasses包含othernarrowerterms.?46?Abranddifferentiatesonesener’sproductsfromthoseofcompetitors.Abrandnameconsistsofwordslettersand/ornumbersthatcanbevocalized.Abrandmarkisthepartofthebrandthatappearsintheformofasymboldesignordistinctivecoloringorlettering.?47???Atrademarkisabrandthatisgivenlegalprotectionbecauseunderthelawithasbeenappropriatedbyoneseller.?48?Alltrademarksarebrandsandthusincludethewordslettersornumbersthatcanbepronounced.Theymayalsoincludeapictorialdesign.Somepeopleerroneouslybelievethatthetrademarkisonlythepictorialpartofthebrand.??Onemajormethodofclassifyingbrandsisonthebasisofwhoownsthem—producersormiddlemen.?49???Thetermsnationalandprivatehavebeenusedtodescribeproducerandmiddlemanbrandownershiprespectively.?50?Tosaythatthebrandofpoultry家禽feedmarketedinthreestatesbyasmallBirminghamAlabamamanufacturerisanationalbrandwhereasthebrandsofPenhey’sorSearsareprivatebrandsstretchesthemeaningofthetermsnationalandprivate.??A.Itisrecognizedbysightbutmaynotbeexpressedwhenapersonpronouncesthebrandname.??B.Thustrademarkisessentiallyalegalterm.??C.Howevermarketingpeopleprefertheproducermiddlemanterminology.??D.Abrandisanametermsymboland/orspecialdesignthatisintendedtoidentifythegoodsorservicesofonesellerorgroupofsellers.??E.SunbeamFlorsheimSpaldingathleticproductsandSaraLeeareproducers’brandswhileAllstateShurfineSyscoCraftsmanandPenncrestaremiddlemen’sbrands.??F.Amongvariousmethodsofclassifyingbrandstheonebasedonownershipiswidelyaccepted.
FeastonTurkeyandGoodWishesatThanksgivingFourweeksagoUSchildrendressedasmonstersandaskedforsweets.ThatwasHalloweenInafewweeksAmericanhouseswillberedandgreenandfilledwithpresentsforChristmas.Asifallthisisn’tenoughonThursdaythisweekAmericawillenjoyanotherfestival-Thanksgiving.Childrenwillhavetwodaysoffschoolshopswillcloseandhouseswillbefilledwithfamiliesenjoyingmountainsoffood.EveryyearinGainesvilleFloridaanentireclasscelebrateThanksgivingtogether.Theclassdressesupandputsonplaysfortheirfamilies.AftertheplaysthefamiliesshareafeastoftraditionalThanksgivingfoodsliketurkeyandpumpkinpie.DeanFosteranIl-year-oldboywilltakepartinthiscelebration.Hesaid:IloveThanksgivingbecauseitmeanstimeoffschoollotsofnicefoodandahappyfamily.HisbrotherBenninesaid:ThebestthingaboutThanksgivingisthatwhenitisfinisheditistimetostartChristmas.Butbehindthefoodandthelargeamountofmoneyspentthereisanothermessage.OnThursdayeveningDeanandBen’sfamilywillmakeabasketandputitonthetableastheyeattheireveningmeal.Eachofthemwillwritealistofthingsthattheyarethankfulforandplacethepaperinthebasket.ThefamilywillreadthepiecesofpaperandtaketimetothankGodandeachotherforprovidingthemwithcomfortableandhappylives.Thanksgivingisatraditionalfestivalthatstartedin1621whenthefirstpilgrimsarrivedinAmericatostartanewlife.Afterahardyeartheyhadabigautumnharvest.TheyheldafeastandinvitedthenativeAmericanIndiansalongtothankGodforgivingthemenoughfood.ManycountriescelebrateThanksgiving.Theyoftenfallafterthefieldshavebeenharvestedandthecropscollectedforwinter.OnHalloweenchildrenintheUnitedStatesoftendressupas
TheOperationofInternationalAirlinesInternationalairlineshaverediscovered重新发现thebusinesstravelerthemanorwomanwhoregularlyjetsfromcountrytocountryaspartofthejob.Thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatairlineseverabandonedtheirbusinesstravelers.InsteadcompanieslikeLufthansaandSwissairwouldrightarguethattheyhavealwayscateredbestfortheexecutiveclasspassengers.Butmanyairlinescouldbeaccusedofconcentratingtooheavilyintherecentpastonattractingpassengersbyvolumeoftenattheexpenseoftheregulartraveler.Toooftentheyhaveseemedgearedforquantityratherthanquality.Operatingamajorairlineisessentiallyamatteroffindingtherightmixofpassengers.Theairlinesneedtofillupthebackendoftheirwide-bodiedjetswithlowfarepassengerswithoutforgettingthatthefrontendshouldbefilledwithpeoplewhopaysubstantiallymorefortheirtickets.Itisnocoincidencethatthetwomajorairlinebankruptcies破产wereamongthecompaniesspecializingincheapflights.Butlowfaresrequireconsistentlyfullaircrafttomakeflightseconomicallyviableandintherecentrecessionthevolumeoftraffichasnotgrown.Equallythelargenumberofairlinesjostlingfortheavailablepassengershascreatedahugeexcessofcapacity.Thenetresultofexcesscapacityandcut-throatcompetition卡脖子竞争drivingdownfareshadbeentopushsomeairlinesintocollapseandleavemanyothershoveringonthebrink.Againstthisgrim严酷backgrounditisnosurprisethatairlinesareturningincreasinglytowardsthebusinesstravelerstoimprovetheirratesofreturn.Theyhaveinvestedmuchtimeandefforttoestablishexactlywhattheexecutivedemandsforsittingapartfromthetourists.Highonthelistofprioritiesispunctuality;anexecutive’stimeismoney.In-flightserviceisanotherareawheretheairlinesarejostlingfortheexecutive’sattention.Thefreedrinksandheadsetsandbetterfoodareallpartofthelure.Anotherdevelopmenthasbeentheaccentofseatingarrangements.Regulartravelershavebecomewellversedinthedebateaboutseatpitch—theamountofroombetweeneachpassenger.Andfirst-classpassengersarenowofferedsleeperetteseatswhichforlongjourneysmakeitpossibletosnatchapropernight’ssleep.Sleeperetteshaveprovedsopopularthattheywillsoonbecomeuniversalinthefrontendofmostaircraft.Theairlinesarealsotryingtoimprovethingsontheground.Executiveloungesarecommonplaceandintendedtomaketheinevitablewaitingbetweenflightsalittlemorebearable.Luggagehandlingisbeingimproved.Regrettably遗憾地thereislittletheairlinescandotospeeduptheboringimmigrationandcustomsprocesswhichmanagestoupsetandfrustratepassengersofallclassesineverycontinent.Althoughitistheairlines’intentiontoattractexecutivepassengersfromtheirrivalstheairlinesthemselveswouldnonethelessliketochangeonebadhabitofthiskindoftraveler—theexpensivehabitofbookingaflightandthenfailingtoturnup.ThepracticeisparticularlywidespreadinEuropewherebusinessmenfrequentlybookreturnjourneyshomeoneonseveralflights.Whichofthefollowingisabadhabitoftheexecutivepassengersthatfrustratestheairlines
Thegirlisgazingatherselfinthemirror.
ACountry’sStandardofLiving The"standardofliving"ofanycountrymeanstheaverageperson’sshareofthegoodsandservicesthecountryproduces.Acountry’sstandardofliving51dependsfirstand52onitscapacitytoproducewealth."Wealth"inthissenseisnotmoneyforwedonotliveonmoney53onthingsthatmoneycanbuy:"goods"suchasfoodandclothingand"services"suchastransportand"entertainment". Acountry’scapacitytoproducewealthdependsuponmanyfactorsmostof54haveaneffectononeanother.Wealthdepends55agreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources.Someregionsoftheworldarewellsuppliedwithcoalandmineralsandhavefertilesoilandafavorableclimate;otherregionspossessnoneofthem.Nexttonaturalresources56theabilitytoturnthemtouse.Chinaisperhapsaswell-off57theUSAinnaturalresourcesbutsufferedformanyyearsfromcivilandexternalwarsand58thisandotherreasonswas59todevelopherresources.Soundandstablepoliticalconditionsand60fromforeigninvasionsenableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefullyandsteadilyandtoproducemorewealththananothercountryequallywellfavouredbynaturebutlesswellordered.Acountry’sstandardoflivingdoesnotonlydependuponthewealththatisproducedandconsumed61itsownbordersbutalsouponwhatisdirectlyproducedthroughinternationaltrade.62Britain’swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifshehadtodependonlyon63grownathome.Trademakesitpossibleforhersurplusmanufacturedgoodstobetradedabroadfortheagriculturalproductsthatwould64belacking.Acountry’swealthisthereforemuchinfluencedbyitsmanufacturingcapacity65thatothercountriescanbefoundreadytoacceptitsmanufactures. 51.
TheStreetViolinistIgotupanddressedstuckmyviolinundermyjacketandwentoutintothestreetstotrymyluck.IwanderedaboutforanhourlookingforalikelyspotfeelingasthoughIwereabouttocommitacrime.ThenIstoppedatlastunderabridgenearthestationanddecidedtohaveatry.Ifelttenseandnervous.Itwasthefirsttimeafterall.Idrewtheviolinfromundermycoatlikeagun.ItwashereinSouthamptonwithtrainsrattlingoverheadthatIwasabouttodeclaremyself.OnemorningIwaspartofthehurryingcrowdsthenextIstoodapartmybacktothewallmyhatonthepavementbeforemetheviolinundermychin.ThefistnotesIplayedwereloudandrawlikeadeclarationofprotest.Thentheysettleddownandbegantorunmoresmoothlyandtostaymoreorlessinturn.TomysurpriseIwasneitherarrestednortoldtoshutup.Indeednobodytookanynoticeatall.Thenanoldmanwithoutstoppingsurreptitiouslytossedapennyintomyhatasthoughgettingoutofsomeguiltyevidence.IworkedthestreetsofSouthamptonforseveraldaysgraduallyacquiringthetruthsofthetradebytrialanderror.Itwasnotagoodthingforinstancetoletthehatfillupwithmoney—thesightcoulddiscouragethepatron.Norwasitwisetoemptyitcompletelywhichcouldalsoconfusehimgivinghimnohintastowheretodrophismoney.Placingacoupleofpenniesinthehattostartthethinggoingsoonbecamearegularritualmakingsurebetweentunestohidemostoftheearningsbutalwaysleavingtwopenniesbehind.Oldladiesweremostgenerousandsowerewomenwithchildrenshopgirlstypistsandbarmaids.Asforthemanheavydrinkerswerealwayswillinglistenersandsowerebigguyswithmuscles.Butneveramanwithagentleman’shatbriefcaseordog.Respectabletypeswerethemeanestofall.Exceptforretiredarmyofficerswhowouldtellwhyaren’tyouworkingyoungmanandthentosssomemoneyintothehattohidetheirconfusion.Accordingtotheauthorwhatisthebestwaytoencouragepeopletogiveastreetviolinistmoney
FeastonTurkeyandGoodWishesatThanksgivingFourweeksagoUSchildrendressedasmonstersandaskedforsweets.ThatwasHalloweenInafewweeksAmericanhouseswillberedandgreenandfilledwithpresentsforChristmas.Asifallthisisn’tenoughonThursdaythisweekAmericawillenjoyanotherfestival-Thanksgiving.Childrenwillhavetwodaysoffschoolshopswillcloseandhouseswillbefilledwithfamiliesenjoyingmountainsoffood.EveryyearinGainesvilleFloridaanentireclasscelebrateThanksgivingtogether.Theclassdressesupandputsonplaysfortheirfamilies.AftertheplaysthefamiliesshareafeastoftraditionalThanksgivingfoodsliketurkeyandpumpkinpie.DeanFosteranIl-year-oldboywilltakepartinthiscelebration.Hesaid:IloveThanksgivingbecauseitmeanstimeoffschoollotsofnicefoodandahappyfamily.HisbrotherBenninesaid:ThebestthingaboutThanksgivingisthatwhenitisfinisheditistimetostartChristmas.Butbehindthefoodandthelargeamountofmoneyspentthereisanothermessage.OnThursdayeveningDeanandBen’sfamilywillmakeabasketandputitonthetableastheyeattheireveningmeal.Eachofthemwillwritealistofthingsthattheyarethankfulforandplacethepaperinthebasket.ThefamilywillreadthepiecesofpaperandtaketimetothankGodandeachotherforprovidingthemwithcomfortableandhappylives.Thanksgivingisatraditionalfestivalthatstartedin1621whenthefirstpilgrimsarrivedinAmericatostartanewlife.Afterahardyeartheyhadabigautumnharvest.TheyheldafeastandinvitedthenativeAmericanIndiansalongtothankGodforgivingthemenoughfood.ManycountriescelebrateThanksgiving.Theyoftenfallafterthefieldshavebeenharvestedandthecropscollectedforwinter.ThefirstpilgrimssettledinAmericain
TheOperationofInternationalAirlinesInternationalairlineshaverediscovered重新发现thebusinesstravelerthemanorwomanwhoregularlyjetsfromcountrytocountryaspartofthejob.Thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatairlineseverabandonedtheirbusinesstravelers.InsteadcompanieslikeLufthansaandSwissairwouldrightarguethattheyhavealwayscateredbestfortheexecutiveclasspassengers.Butmanyairlinescouldbeaccusedofconcentratingtooheavilyintherecentpastonattractingpassengersbyvolumeoftenattheexpenseoftheregulartraveler.Toooftentheyhaveseemedgearedforquantityratherthanquality.Operatingamajorairlineisessentiallyamatteroffindingtherightmixofpassengers.Theairlinesneedtofillupthebackendoftheirwide-bodiedjetswithlowfarepassengerswithoutforgettingthatthefrontendshouldbefilledwithpeoplewhopaysubstantiallymorefortheirtickets.Itisnocoincidencethatthetwomajorairlinebankruptcies破产wereamongthecompaniesspecializingincheapflights.Butlowfaresrequireconsistentlyfullaircrafttomakeflightseconomicallyviableandintherecentrecessionthevolumeoftraffichasnotgrown.Equallythelargenumberofairlinesjostlingfortheavailablepassengershascreatedahugeexcessofcapacity.Thenetresultofexcesscapacityandcut-throatcompetition卡脖子竞争drivingdownfareshadbeentopushsomeairlinesintocollapseandleavemanyothershoveringonthebrink.Againstthisgrim严酷backgrounditisnosurprisethatairlinesareturningincreasinglytowardsthebusinesstravelerstoimprovetheirratesofreturn.Theyhaveinvestedmuchtimeandefforttoestablishexactlywhattheexecutivedemandsforsittingapartfromthetourists.Highonthelistofprioritiesispunctuality;anexecutive’stimeismoney.In-flightserviceisanotherareawheretheairlinesarejostlingfortheexecutive’sattention.Thefreedrinksandheadsetsandbetterfoodareallpartofthelure.Anotherdevelopmenthasbeentheaccentofseatingarrangements.Regulartravelershavebecomewellversedinthedebateaboutseatpitch—theamountofroombetweeneachpassenger.Andfirst-classpassengersarenowofferedsleeperetteseatswhichforlongjourneysmakeitpossibletosnatchapropernight’ssleep.Sleeperetteshaveprovedsopopularthattheywillsoonbecomeuniversalinthefrontendofmostaircraft.Theairlinesarealsotryingtoimprovethingsontheground.Executiveloungesarecommonplaceandintendedtomaketheinevitablewaitingbetweenflightsalittlemorebearable.Luggagehandlingisbeingimproved.Regrettably遗憾地thereislittletheairlinescandotospeeduptheboringimmigrationandcustomsprocesswhichmanagestoupsetandfrustratepassengersofallclassesineverycontinent.Althoughitistheairlines’intentiontoattractexecutivepassengersfromtheirrivalstheairlinesthemselveswouldnonethelessliketochangeonebadhabitofthiskindoftraveler—theexpensivehabitofbookingaflightandthenfailingtoturnup.ThepracticeisparticularlywidespreadinEuropewherebusinessmenfrequentlybookreturnjourneyshomeoneonseveralflights.Accordingtothepassageinoperatingairlinesitisessentialto
{{*HTML*}}???????????HowtoGetalongWellwithYourBoss??1．Beforeyouarguewithyourbosscheckwiththeboss’ssecretarytodeterminehismood.Ifheatenailsforbreakfastitisnotagoodideatoaskhimforsomething.Evenwithouttheboss’ssecretarytherearekeystotimingdon’tapproachthebosswhenhe’sondeadllnedon’tgoinrightbeforelunchwhenheisapttobedistractedandrusheddon’tgoinjustbeforeorafterhehastokenavacation.??2．Ifyou’remadthatwillonlymakeyourbossmad.Calmclownfirst.Anddon’tletaparticularconcernopenthefloodgatesforallyouraccumulatedfrustration.Thebosswillfeelthatyouthinknegativelyaboutthecompanyanditishopelesstryingtochangeyourmind.Thenmaybehewilldismissyou.??3．Terribledisputescanresultwhenneithertheemployernortheemployeeknowswhatistheproblemtheotherwantstodiscuss.Sometimesthefightwillgoawaywhentheissuesaremadeclear.Theemployeehastogethispointacrossclearlyinordertomakethebossunderstandit.4．Yourbosshasenoughonhismindwithoutyouraddingmore.Ifyoucan’tputforwardanimmediatesolutionatleastsuggesthowtoapproachtheproblemPeoplewhofrequentlypresentproblemswithoutsolutionstotheirbossesmaysoonfindtheycan’tgetpastthesecretary.?5．Todealeffectivelywithabossit’simportanttoconsiderhisgoalsandpressures.Ifyoucanputyourselfinthepositionofbeingapartnertothebossthenhewillbenaturallymoreinclinedtoworkwithyoutoachieveyourgoals.{{*HTML*}}Ifyouwanttoaskthebossforanythingitisimportanttofindoutfirst______.??A．togivethebossyouradvice??B．howheisfeeling??C．thebossmayhave??D．whatyoureallywanttotalktohimabout??E．withoutsuggestingawaytosolveitF．howunhappyyouare
ACountry’sStandardofLiving The"standardofliving"ofanycountrymeanstheaverageperson’sshareofthegoodsandservicesthecountryproduces.Acountry’sstandardofliving51dependsfirstand52onitscapacitytoproducewealth."Wealth"inthissenseisnotmoneyforwedonotliveonmoney53onthingsthatmoneycanbuy:"goods"suchasfoodandclothingand"services"suchastransportand"entertainment". Acountry’scapacitytoproducewealthdependsuponmanyfactorsmostof54haveaneffectononeanother.Wealthdepends55agreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources.Someregionsoftheworldarewellsuppliedwithcoalandmineralsandhavefertilesoilandafavorableclimate;otherregionspossessnoneofthem.Nexttonaturalresources56theabilitytoturnthemtouse.Chinaisperhapsaswell-off57theUSAinnaturalresourcesbutsufferedformanyyearsfromcivilandexternalwarsand58thisandotherreasonswas59todevelopherresources.Soundandstablepoliticalconditionsand60fromforeigninvasionsenableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefullyandsteadilyandtoproducemorewealththananothercountryequallywellfavouredbynaturebutlesswellordered.Acountry’sstandardoflivingdoesnotonlydependuponthewealththatisproducedandconsumed61itsownbordersbutalsouponwhatisdirectlyproducedthroughinternationaltrade.62Britain’swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifshehadtodependonlyon63grownathome.Trademakesitpossibleforhersurplusmanufacturedgoodstobetradedabroadfortheagriculturalproductsthatwould64belacking.Acountry’swealthisthereforemuchinfluencedbyitsmanufacturingcapacity65thatothercountriescanbefoundreadytoacceptitsmanufactures. 53.
Accordinglyanumberofothermethodshavebeenemployed.
TheWorkers’RoleinManagement Traditionallyithasbeentheworkers’roletoworkandmanagement’sroletomanage.Managershaveplannedanddirectedthefirm’soperationswithlittlethoughttoconsultingthelaborforce.Managershaverarelyfeltcompelledtoobtaintheworkers’opinionsortoexplaintheirdecisionstotheiremployees.Atmostcompanieshaveprovided"suggestionboxes"inwhichworkerscouldplaceideasforimprovingprocedures.Inrecentyearshowevermanymanagementspecialistshavebeenarguingthatworkersaremorethansellersoflabor--theyhaveavitalstakeinthecompanyandmaybeabletomakesignificantcontributionstoitsmanagement.Furthermoremajorcompanydecisionsprofoundlyaffectworkersandtheirdependents.Thisisparticularlytrueofplantclosingswhichmayputthousandsontheunemploymentlines.Shouldworkersthenplayastrongerroleinmanagement Workersshouldhavearoleinmanagement.Attheveryleastthelaborforceshouldbeinformedofmajorpolicydecisions.Acommoncomplaintamongrank-and-fileworkersisthelackofinformationaboutcompanypoliciesandactions.Between1980and1985aboutfivemillionworkerswerethevictimsofplantclosingsandpermanentlayoffsoftenwithnowarning.Atleast90days’noticeoughttobegiveninsuchinstancessothatworkershavetimetoadjust.Managementshouldconsultworkersbeforeclosingaplantbecausetheworkersmightbeabletosuggestwaysofimprovingproductivityandreducingcostsandmightbewillingtomakeconcessionsthatwillhelpkeeptheplantoperating. Itshouldbecomeageneralpracticetoincludeworkersinsomemanagerialdecisionmaking.Thereoughttoberepresentativesoftheworkersonthefirm’sboardofdirectorsorothermajorpolicymakinggroups.Ifrank-and-fileworkersaregivenavoiceintheplanningandmanagementoftheworkflowtheywillhelptomakeimprovementstheirmoralewillriseandtheirproductivitywillincrease.Asafurtherincentivetheymustbegivenashareinthecompany’sprofits.Thiscanbedonethroughemployeestockownershipplansbonusesorrewardsforefficiencyandproductivity.Finallywhenaplantcannolongeroperateataprofittheworkersshouldbegiventheopportunitytopurchasetheplantandrunitthemselves. Beforeclosingaplantshouldputupanoticeandkeepitfor90days.
TheStreetViolinistIgotupanddressedstuckmyviolinundermyjacketandwentoutintothestreetstotrymyluck.IwanderedaboutforanhourlookingforalikelyspotfeelingasthoughIwereabouttocommitacrime.ThenIstoppedatlastunderabridgenearthestationanddecidedtohaveatry.Ifelttenseandnervous.Itwasthefirsttimeafterall.Idrewtheviolinfromundermycoatlikeagun.ItwashereinSouthamptonwithtrainsrattlingoverheadthatIwasabouttodeclaremyself.OnemorningIwaspartofthehurryingcrowdsthenextIstoodapartmybacktothewallmyhatonthepavementbeforemetheviolinundermychin.ThefistnotesIplayedwereloudandrawlikeadeclarationofprotest.Thentheysettleddownandbegantorunmoresmoothlyandtostaymoreorlessinturn.TomysurpriseIwasneitherarrestednortoldtoshutup.Indeednobodytookanynoticeatall.Thenanoldmanwithoutstoppingsurreptitiouslytossedapennyintomyhatasthoughgettingoutofsomeguiltyevidence.IworkedthestreetsofSouthamptonforseveraldaysgraduallyacquiringthetruthsofthetradebytrialanderror.Itwasnotagoodthingforinstancetoletthehatfillupwithmoney—thesightcoulddiscouragethepatron.Norwasitwisetoemptyitcompletelywhichcouldalsoconfusehimgivinghimnohintastowheretodrophismoney.Placingacoupleofpenniesinthehattostartthethinggoingsoonbecamearegularritualmakingsurebetweentunestohidemostoftheearningsbutalwaysleavingtwopenniesbehind.Oldladiesweremostgenerousandsowerewomenwithchildrenshopgirlstypistsandbarmaids.Asforthemanheavydrinkerswerealwayswillinglistenersandsowerebigguyswithmuscles.Butneveramanwithagentleman’shatbriefcaseordog.Respectabletypeswerethemeanestofall.Exceptforretiredarmyofficerswhowouldtellwhyaren’tyouworkingyoungmanandthentosssomemoneyintothehattohidetheirconfusion.Thefirsttimetheauthorplayedtheviolininthestreetheexpected______.
{{*HTML*}}???????????HowtoGetalongWellwithYourBoss??1．Beforeyouarguewithyourbosscheckwiththeboss’ssecretarytodeterminehismood.Ifheatenailsforbreakfastitisnotagoodideatoaskhimforsomething.Evenwithouttheboss’ssecretarytherearekeystotimingdon’tapproachthebosswhenhe’sondeadllnedon’tgoinrightbeforelunchwhenheisapttobedistractedandrusheddon’tgoinjustbeforeorafterhehastokenavacation.??2．Ifyou’remadthatwillonlymakeyourbossmad.Calmclownfirst.Anddon’tletaparticularconcernopenthefloodgatesforallyouraccumulatedfrustration.Thebosswillfeelthatyouthinknegativelyaboutthecompanyanditishopelesstryingtochangeyourmind.Thenmaybehewilldismissyou.??3．Terribledisputescanresultwhenneithertheemployernortheemployeeknowswhatistheproblemtheotherwantstodiscuss.Sometimesthefightwillgoawaywhentheissuesaremadeclear.Theemployeehastogethispointacrossclearlyinordertomakethebossunderstandit.4．Yourbosshasenoughonhismindwithoutyouraddingmore.Ifyoucan’tputforwardanimmediatesolutionatleastsuggesthowtoapproachtheproblemPeoplewhofrequentlypresentproblemswithoutsolutionstotheirbossesmaysoonfindtheycan’tgetpastthesecretary.?5．Todealeffectivelywithabossit’simportanttoconsiderhisgoalsandpressures.Ifyoucanputyourselfinthepositionofbeingapartnertothebossthenhewillbenaturallymoreinclinedtoworkwithyoutoachieveyourgoals.{{*HTML*}}Paragraph2______??A．Keepyourvoicelowallthetime??B．Putyourselfintheboss’sposition??C．Proposeyoursolution??D．Don’tgoinwhenyouareangry??E．MaketheissueclearF．Nevergivein
Heinvestedaconsiderableamountofmoneyintheproject.
Intheprocessthelightenergyconvertstoheatenergy．
{{*HTML*}}Brands??Thewordbrandisacomprehensivetermthatencompasses包含othernarrowerterms.?46?Abranddifferentiatesonesener’sproductsfromthoseofcompetitors.Abrandnameconsistsofwordslettersand/ornumbersthatcanbevocalized.Abrandmarkisthepartofthebrandthatappearsintheformofasymboldesignordistinctivecoloringorlettering.?47???Atrademarkisabrandthatisgivenlegalprotectionbecauseunderthelawithasbeenappropriatedbyoneseller.?48?Alltrademarksarebrandsandthusincludethewordslettersornumbersthatcanbepronounced.Theymayalsoincludeapictorialdesign.Somepeopleerroneouslybelievethatthetrademarkisonlythepictorialpartofthebrand.??Onemajormethodofclassifyingbrandsisonthebasisofwhoownsthem—producersormiddlemen.?49???Thetermsnationalandprivatehavebeenusedtodescribeproducerandmiddlemanbrandownershiprespectively.?50?Tosaythatthebrandofpoultry家禽feedmarketedinthreestatesbyasmallBirminghamAlabamamanufacturerisanationalbrandwhereasthebrandsofPenhey’sorSearsareprivatebrandsstretchesthemeaningofthetermsnationalandprivate.??A.Itisrecognizedbysightbutmaynotbeexpressedwhenapersonpronouncesthebrandname.??B.Thustrademarkisessentiallyalegalterm.??C.Howevermarketingpeopleprefertheproducermiddlemanterminology.??D.Abrandisanametermsymboland/orspecialdesignthatisintendedtoidentifythegoodsorservicesofonesellerorgroupofsellers.??E.SunbeamFlorsheimSpaldingathleticproductsandSaraLeeareproducers’brandswhileAllstateShurfineSyscoCraftsmanandPenncrestaremiddlemen’sbrands.??F.Amongvariousmethodsofclassifyingbrandstheonebasedonownershipiswidelyaccepted.
Yourhairwantscuttingyou'dbetterhaveitdonetomorrow.
Themostcrucialproblemanyeconomicsystemfacesishowtouseitsscarceresources.
HundredsofcyclistsassembledinCentralParkinPudongthismorningtotakepartintheevent.
热门题库
更多
中石油职称英语
理工类
卫生类
综合类
国际货运代理师
报关水平测试
报检员
物流员(四级)
助理物流师(三级)
物流师(二级)
高级物流师(一级)
物流案例分析
单证员基础理论与知识
单证员缮制与操作
国际货运代理理论与实务
外贸综合业务
湘公网安备 43130202000226号