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Laptop computers are popular all over the worlD. People use them on trains and airplanes, in airpor...
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高中英语《湖南省师大附中海口中学2011-2012学年高二上学期期中考试以及答案》真题及答案
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MelissaPoewas9yearsoldwhenshebeganacampaignforacleanerenvironmentbywritingalettertothethenPresidentBush.Throughheroneffortsherletterwasreproducedonover250donatedbillboards广告牌acrossthecountry.TheresponsetoherrequestforhelpwassohugethatPoeestablishedKidsForA.CleanerEnvironmentKidsF.A.C.E.in1989.Therearenow300000membersofKidsF.A.C.E.worldwideanditistheworld’slargestyouthenvironmentalorganization.PoehasalsoaskedtheNationalParkServicetocarryoutaChildren’sForestprojectineverynationalpark.In1992shewasinvitedoneofonlysixchildrenintheworldtospeakattheEarthSummitinBrazilaspartoftheVoicesofthefutureProgram.In1993shewasgivenaCaringAwardforhereffortsbytheCaringInstitutE.SincetheorganizationstartedKidsF.A.C.E.membershavedistributedandplantedover1milliontrees!Ongoingtree-plantingprojectsincludeKids’Yards—thecreationofbackyardwildlifehabitats栖息地andnowKidsF.A.C.E.isinvolvedintheexcitingOdysseywhichisagreatwaytostarthelping.Wetrytotellkidsthatit’snotOKtobelazysheexplainsYouneedtostartbeingaresponseenvironmentallyfriendlypersonnowrightnowbeforeyoubecomearesource-suckingadult.72.KidsF.A.C.E.is__________.A.aprogramtohelpstudentswithwritingB.aprojectoflitterrecyclingC.acampaignlaunchedbyPresidentBushD.aclubofenvironmentalprotection73.WhatcanwelearnaboutPoe?A.ShewasawardedaprizeinBrazil.B.Shedonatedbillboardsacrossthecountry.C.Shegotpositiveresponsesforherefforts.D.ShejoinedtheNationalParkServicE.74.Kid’sYardsis____________.A.establishedinnationalparkB.startedtoprotectwildlifeC.awildlife-raisingprojectD.anenvironmentparkforkids75.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Adultsareresources–suckingpeoplE.B.PoesoughthelpfromayouthorganizationC.KidsF.A.C.E.membersarefromtheU.S.D.Kidsareurgedtosavenaturalresources.
Halfoftheworld’spopulationisaffectedbyAsianmonsoons季风butmonsoonsaredifficulttopredict.Americanresearchershaveputtogethera700-yearrecordoftherainyseasonswhichisexpectedtoprovideguidanceforexpertsmakingweatherpredictions.Everyyearmoist潮湿的airmassesknownasmonsoonproducelargeamountsofrainfallinIndiaEastAsiaNorthernAustraliaandEastAfricA.AllthiswetairispulledinbyahighpressureareaovertheIndianOceanandalowpressureareatothesouth.AccordingtoEdwardCookaweatherexpertatColumbiaUniversityinNewYork.thecomplexnatureoftheclimatesystemsacrossAsiamakesmonsoonshardtopredict.InadditionclimaterecordsfortheareaaretoorecentandnotdetailedenoughtobeofmuchusE.ThereforeheandateamofresearchersspentmorethanfifteenyearstravelingacrossAsialookingfortreesoldenoughtoprovidelong-termrecords.Theymeasuredtheringsorcirclesinsidethousandsofancienttreesinmorethan300places.Rainfallhasadirectlinktothegrowthandwidthofringsonsomekindsoftrees.TheresearchersdevelopedadocumenttheyarecallingaMonsoonAsiaDroughtAtlas.Itshowstheeffectofmonsoonsoversevencenturiesbeginninginthe1300s.ProfessorCooksaysthetree-ringrecordsshowperiodsofwetanddryweather.Ifthemonsoonbasicallyfailsorisaveryweakonethetreesaffectedbymonsoonsatthatlocationmightputonaverynarrowring.Butifthemonsoonisverystrongthetreesaffectedbythatmonsoonmightputonawideringforthatyear.SothewideandnarrowringwidthsofthechronologythatwedevelopedinAsiaprovideuswithameasureofmonsoonvariability.Withallthisinformationresearcherssaytheycanbegintoimprovecomputerclimatemodelsforpredictingthebehaviorofmonsoons.Therehasbeenwidespreadfamineandstarvationandhumandyinginthepastinlargedroughts.Andontheotherhandifthemonsoonisparticularlyheavyitcancauseextensiveflooding.saidEugeneWahlascientistwithAmerica’sNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration.SotogetasenseofwhattheregionalmoisturepatternshavebeendrynessandwetnessoversuchalongperiodoftimeingreatdetailIwouldcallitakindofvictoryforclimatesciencE.66.What’sthepassagemainlyaboutA.TheeffectsofAsianmonsoons.B.Thenecessityofweatherforecast.C.TheachievementsofEdwardcook.D.A.breakthroughinmonsoonprediction.67.ItisdifficultforexpertstopredictAsianmonsoonsbecause_________A.itishardtokeeplong-termclimaterecords.B.theyareformedundercomplexclimatesystems.C.theyinfluencemanynations.D.thereisheavyrainfallinAsiA.68.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Longanddetailsclimaterecordscanofferusefulinformationformonsoonresearch.B.TheMonsoonAsiaDroughtAtlashasamonsoonrecordforabout1300years.C.Thetreesaffectedbymonsoongrowfastifthemonsoonisweak.D.Therainfallmightbelowalthoughthemonsoonisstronginmonsoon-affectedareas.69.WhatdoweknowabouttheresearchaccordingtoEugeneWahl?A.ItisagreatachievementinclimatesciencE.B.Itshouldincludeinformationabouthumanlifeinthepast.C.IthasanalysedmoisturemodelsworldwideD.Itwillhelppeoplepreventdroughtsandfloods.70.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetoneofthispassage?A.Matter-of–factB.PessimisticC.HumorousD.Friendly.
TheUnionArmywillberememberedaswinningtheCivilWar.YetDarwin’sTheoryofEvolutionmaychangeasNewton’sThreeLawsofMotion.Unlikehistoryorbasicmathematicstheworldofsciencechangesinfinitely.Scienceisuniquebecauseeverydaysomethingnewisdiscoveredoftenchangingorchallengingoldertheories.Sciencefromquarksandleptonstothegalaxyclusters星系ofouruniverseholdsimmeasurablesecretsthatareexposedeveryday.WitheachnewdiscoverythehumanracedecodesafewmorewordsoftheancientscrollthatistheuniversE.Daybydaywedecipher译解thecodeoftheuniversE.Unlikehistoryandliteraturewhichcanbeexploredonlysofarscienceisendless.Itsbeautyisthatitrepresentsthepastthepresentandthefuture;theremayalwaysbesomethingnewtodiscover.NomatterhowwellhumansunderstandtheuniversesciencewillstillhavealongfuturE.Thisfacthasbeenprovedclearlytomebythediversemodifications修正Ihavewitnessedinscienceinjustmy17years.InlessthantwodecadesIhavewitnessedanenormousadvanceintechnologyaswellasgeneralknowledgeofsciencE.SurgeriesthatwerethoughtcomplexatmybirtharenowroutineandcomputersonceclassifiedasadvancedareoutofdatE.PlutowhichduringmychildhoodwasconsideredaplanetofoursolarsystemhasbeenreclassifieD.Ifsuchdramaticdevelopmentscanoccurinsuchashorttimewhoknowswhattheworldwillbelikebythenextcentury?Thismakessciencedistinctive;therealizationthatamoreefficienttechniquetosolvetheworld’smostthornytroublesmaybejustaroundthebenD.PerhapsanefficientwaywillsoonbediscoveredtokillcertaincancercellsorgetridofHIV.Scienceisenthralling迷人的becausetheanswerstothesetroublesthatupsettheworldtodayexistandcouldbediscoveredatanymoment.51.Accordingtothepassagethecharmofscienceisthat.A.itcancurekindsofcancersandAIDSnowB.itmakescomplexcomputereasytouseC.itdevelopsendlesslyandwillfindsolutionssoonerorlaterD.ithelpshumanracedecodesafewmoreancientwords52.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.SometheoriesoropinionsthatseemtrueinsometimemaybeincompletE.B.Humanstodayhavealreadyunderstoodtheuniversequitewell.C.TheauthorisanexperiencedscientistinthefieldofuniversE.D.SurgeriesandcomputersstandfortheadvanceddevelopmentofsciencE.53.TheauthorquotedDarwin’sTheoryofEvolutionandNewton’sThreeLawsofMotionbecause.A.theirtheorieshavebeenoutofdatealreadyB.theirtheoriesprovewrongtodayC.somebasictheoriesmaintainunchangeableD.sciencewouldchangeinfinitelysomefamoustheoriesincluded54.Whatwillthefutureworldbelikeintheauthor’sopinion?A.Nothornytroubleswillexistanylonger.B.Fastdevelopingsciencemakesthefutureworldbeyondimagination.C.DiseasessuchascancersandHIVwilldisappear.D.Sciencewilldevelopasfastinnextcenturyaspresent.55.Theauthorwritesthearticlemainlyto.A.describethefascinationofthedevelopingscienceB.statehowcomplexscienceisdevelopingC.distinguishthenewtheoriesfromtheoldonesD.imaginetheconvenientfuturelifeprovidedbyscience
InmanycountriestodaylawsprotectwildlifE.InIndiatheneedforsuchprotectionwasrealizedcenturiesago.About300BCanIndianwriterdescribedforeststhatweresomewhatlikenationalparkstoday.Thekillingofbeastswascarefullysupervised监视.SomeanimalswerefullyprotecteD.Withintheforestnobodywasallowedtocuttimberwoodforbuildingburnwoodforcharcoal木炭orcatchanimalsfortheirfurs.Animalsthatbecamedangeroustohumanvisitorswerecaughtorkilledoutsidetheparksothatotheranimalswouldnotbecomeuneasy.TheneedforwildlifeprotectionisgreaternowthaneverbeforE.AboutathousandspeciesofanimalsareindangerofextinctionandtherateatwhichtheyarebeingdestroyedhasincreaseD.Withmammals哺乳动物forinstancetherateofextinctionwasaboutonespecies种类everyfiftyyearsfromAD1to1800butnowitisaboutonespecieseveryyear.Everywherepeoplearetryingtosolvetheproblemofprotectingwildlifecaringfortherapidgrowthoftheworld'spopulation.4.Theexampleofman'sconnectionwithwildlifeprotectioncandatebackto________.A.thethirdcenturyB.morethan2000yearsagoC.AD1to1800D.over300yearsago5.Theunderlinedwordextinctionprobablymeans________.A.beinghungryB.beingkilledC.growingslowlyD.dyingout
Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatit'spainful?ThismightbecalledlazinessbutDrKleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle循环;周期.Duringthehourswhenyoulaboratworkyoumaysaythatyou'rehot.That'struE.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringthemorning.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisissobutitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologuesas:GetupJohn!You'llbelateforworkagain!ThepossibleexplanationforthetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrelingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmeanandwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.Youcan'tchangeyourenergycyclebutyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.HabitcanhelpDrKleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteract对抗yourcyclebyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyinthedayrisebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcyclebutyou'llgetupearlierandworkbetteratyourlowpoint.Getofftoaslowstartthissavesyourenergy.Getupwithacomfortableyawn哈欠andstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.AvoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbeforE.Wheneverpossibledoworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.4.Whichofthefollowingmayleadtofamilyquarrelsaccordingtothepassage?A.Notknowingtheenergycycles.B.Familiarmonologues.C.Familymembershavethesameenergycycles.D.Oneofthefamilymemberscancontroltheenergycycleofotherfamilymembers.5.Youareadvisedtorisewithayawnandstretchbecauseitwill________.A.helptokeepyourenergyfortheday'sworkB.helpyoutokeepcalmearlyinthedayC.enableyoutoworkwellD.keepyourenergycycleundercontrolallday
FifteenyearsafterTitanicsmashedboxofficerecordsandswepttheAcademyAwardswith11winsdirectorJamesCameron'sfavoritestarringLeonardoDiCaprioandKateWinsletisheadingbacktotheaters—thistimein3D.Cameronwhousedtocriticizeotherfilmmakersfortheirnaiveattemptstoconvert2Dfilmsto3Dspent60weeksand$18milliontryingtogettheprocessrightforWednesday'sreleaseofTitanic3Dscheduledtocoincidewiththe100thanniversaryofthereal-lifedisaster.Theburningquestion:Howmanypeoplehaveyettoseeamoviethattookin$1.8billionduringitsfirsttheatricalrunandhasbecomeonallcablemoviechannels?Andforeveryoneelseisthenewlookworththeticketprice?Itisspectacular:The3DconversiondesignedwithobviouscareandagreatdealofconsiderationbyCameronmakesagreatfilmevengreatersaysLouLumenickatTheNewYorkPost.Thehugeshiplooksallthemoreimpressivetheshockingdisasterscenesallthemorejaw-droppingandthesceneinwhichJackrescuesKatefromasuicideattemptbecomesmoreterrifyingandromanticin3D.Theconversionmorethanjustifiesanotherbig-screenvoyagE.Itisneedless:Titanic3DservesastheposterfilmforhowunnecessarysuchtechnologicalmethodsarewhenyouhaveaperfectlygoodoriginalinthefirstplacesaysAnnHornadayatTheWashingtonPost.The3Dconversiondoesn'tlookbadbuttheaddedvisualdepthfailstoraisethefilm'shumanismandspectaclE.Occasionallythe3Dcreatesdistancewherethereshouldberomanticintimacyordistractaudiences’attentionbygivingbackgroundextrasavisualweightequaltothescene'smainplayers.The3Dreleaseonlyservestoremindusthatthisthrillingcomplicatedfilmhashadtherightdimensionsallalong.Itchangesthefutureof3D:Filmsconvertedfrom2Dto3Dwiththepromisethatvividlifelikeeffectswilldrawaudiencesintoascenethewayflatimagescan'thavegenerallydisappointedsaysPeterHowellatTheTorontoStar.Titanic3DhowevershowshowtheambitioncanberealizedifthewillandskillaretherE.Everysceneissharperandbrighter.Someshotsarenowsothrillingastoalmostleadtodizziness.Finallywe'reseeingtheartisticvalueofa3DconversionwhichshouldinspiremorefilmmakerstofollowinCameron'sfootsteps.67.AccordingtothepassagewhatcanbeexpectedfromthereleaseofTitanic3D?1.ThedateofthefirstshowisfixedonaspecialdatE.2.InthefilmJackandKatewillberescueD.3.Morepeoplewillgotothecinematoenjoythenewversion.4.Thefilmwillmakea1.8billiondollarbonusintherun.68.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatJamesCameron__________1hashisownunderstandinginmaking3Dfilms2didn’tliketheideaofconverting2Dfilmsto3Dfirst.3madelittleefforttomakeTitanic3D4hadtochooseLeonardoDiCaprioandKateWinslettostarinthefilm69.AccordingtoAnnHornadayTitanic3D_____________.1.hasapoorvisualeffect.2.makesthedistancebetweenthescreenandaudiencecloser.3.isunnecessarytomakeincomparison.4.hasagreatbreakthroughinfilmmaking70.Itwouldbemostpossibleforustofindthisarticlein__________.A.anewsreviewB.anacademicreportC.anentertainmentcolumnD.agraduationessay
Howwouldyoufeelifsomeonegaveyouanenvelopewithadescriptionofeveryoneofyourgenes?Supposingthisinformationcouldtellyouwhatillnessesyouwerelikelytogetorevenwhatillnessyoumightdieofwouldyouopentheenvelope?It'sadifficultquestiontoanswer.Butthefactisthatscientistshavealreadybeguntodiscoverhowcertaingenesinfluenceus.AndinthenextdecadetheywilllearnalotmorE.WehaveknownforalongtimethatmanyofourphysicalcharacteristicsareinheriteD.Forexampleoureyecolourandcertaindiseasesaredecidedbyourgenes.Aslongasyouhaveagooddietscientistscanpredictyourheightbylookingatyourparents'heights.AndwenowknowthattheneedtowearglasseshasageneticcausE.Oureatinghabitsalsoappeartobedecidedbyourgenes!Withothercharacteristicsthingsarenotsoclear.Certainlyscientistshavenowshownthatsometraitsarestronglyinfluencedbyourgenes.Doyouprefergettingupearlyorlate?Toagreatextentit'syourgenesthatdecideDoyouenjoydangeroussportssuchascarracing?ThereisagenethatinfluenceshowmuchexcitementweneeD.Butwithmostpsychologicalcharacteristicsscientistsarelearningthatbothourgenesandourenvironmentaffectus.ThisistrueofthingssuchashowviolentweareandhowwellwegetonwithotherpeoplE.Soeventhoughscientistsmaysoonbeabletodescribeourgenesindetailitdoesnotmeantheywillbeabletopredictourfuturewithanyrealsuccess.NonethelessthefactisthatscientistswillbeabletoreadourgenesinthenearfuturE.Thiswillcreatenewproblems.Togiveafewexamplesinsurancecompaniesmaynotwanttoinsurepeoplewhosegenespredictcertainillnesses.EmployersmaynotwanttoemploypeoplewhohaveageneforviolencE.Onethingisalreadyclear--withthesenewdevelopmentslifeisgoingtobecomeevenmorecomplicated!56.Whichcharacteristicsismostlylikelytobeinherited?A.Eyecolor.B.Interest.C.FuturE.D.Ability.57.Whatkindofproblemwillthesenewdevelopmentscreate?A.YoumaydieofacertainillnessdescribedintheenvelopE.B.TherewillbeanincreasednumberofviolentpeoplE.C.Peoplemaytakepartindangeroussportssuchascarracing.D.InsurancecompaniesmayrefusetoinsurepeoplewithageneforcertaindiseasE.58.Whywon’tscientistsbeabletotellusalotaboutourfuture?A.Becausewe’reaffectednotonlybyourgenesbutalsobyourenvironment.B.BecausescientistswillnotabletoreadourgenesinthenearfuturE.C.BecauselifeinthefuturewillbemorecomplicateD.D.Becausescientistscan’tdescribeourgenesindetail.
SomeexpertsfeelthatcarsarecertaintofallintodisusE.Theyseeadayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenallcarswillbedesertedandmadeuseless.Otherexpertshoweverthinkthecarisheretostay.TheyholdthatthecarwillremainaleadingmeansofcitytravelintheforeseeablefuturE.Thecarwillundoubtedlychangegreatlyoverthenext30years.ItshouldbecomesmallersaferandmorepracticalandshouldnotbepoweredbythegasenginE.Thecarofthefutureshouldbefarmorepollution-freethanpresenttypes.Unlesschangestakeplaceinthepowersystemthecarinthefuturewillstillbethemainproblemincitytrafficjams.Onesuggestedsolutiontothisessentialproblemistheautomated自动的systemwhichseemstoholdwater.Whenthecarentersthehighwaysystemasmallarmwilldropfromthecarandconnectwitharailwhichissimilartohosepoweringsubwaytrainselectrically.Oncejoinedtotherailthecarwillbecomeelectricallypoweredformthesystemandcontrolofthecarwillpasstoacentralcomputer.Thecomputerwillthenmonitorallofthecar’smovements.Thedriverwillusethetelephonetodialinstructionsabouthispositionandtheplaceheheadsforintothesystem.Thecomputerwillfindthebestwayandreservespaceforthecarallthewaytothecorrectexitfromthehighway.Thedriverwillbefreetorelaxandwaitforthecallthatwillwarnhimofhiscomingexit.Itisbelievedthatanautomatedhighwaywillbeabletodealwith10.000carsperhourcomparedwiththe1500to2000carscanbecarriedbyapresent–dayhighway72.Whatisthemainconcernoftheauthorofthepassage?A.Howtomakecarspollution-freeB.HowtomakecarssmallerandsaferC.HowtosolvetheproblemoftrafficjamD.Howtodevelopanautomatedsubwaysystem73.Wecaninferfromthispassagethat________A.thecarconnectedtotherailonthehighwaywillbepoweredbyelectricityB.thelackofoilisforcingpeopletofindnewmeanstopowerautomobilesC.thedriverunderthesystemwillbetoldwheretogetoutofthehighwayD.thefuturecarwillbecomelargerfasterprettierandlessexpensive74.Whatprovidescarswithelectricpowerinanautomatedhighwaysystem?A.AnengineB.A.railC.A.computercontrollerD.A.smallarm75.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thedriverputshisinformationinthesystembye—mailB.Thenewsystemcandealwith10timesasmanycarsasthepresentoneC.AfterenteringtheautomatedsystemthedriverneedstodonothingbutrelaxhimselfD.Someexpertsarenotconfidentofthefuturewhiletheauthorisinfavoroftheoppositeview
SpiderwebsareoneofthemostfascinatingexamplesofanimalarchitecturE.Themostbeautifulandstructurallyorderedaretheroundwebs.Themainfunctionofthewebistostopandholdflyinginsectslongenoughforthespidertocatchthem.Inordertodosothethreadsofthewebhavetostandtheforcesfromlargeandheavyinsectsaswellasenvironmentalforcesfromwindandrainforatleastadayinmostcases.Theroundwebisfoundtohavetwomaincharacteristics.ThefirstisitsgeometrywhichconsistsofanouterframeandacentralpartfromwhichthreadsradiateoutwarD.EnclosedintheframearecapturespiralswindingroundandroundfromthewebcenterouttotheframE.Thewholewebisintensionandheldinplacebyanchorthreadswhichconnecttheframetothesurroundingplantsorobjects.Thesecondandperhapsmostimportantcharacteristicisthematerialwithwhichitisbuilt.Spidersilkisakindofnaturalmaterialthatgivesthislightweightfiberastrengthcomparabletothatofsteelwhileatthesametimemakingitveryelastic有弹性的.TwotypesofsilkthreadsareusedintheweB.OneishighlyelasticandcanstretchtoalmosttwiceitsoriginallengthbeforebreakingandformosttypesofspidersiscoveredingluE.Thistypeisusedinthecapturespiralforcatchingandholdinginsects.Theotherisstifferandstrongerandisusedfortheradiusframesandanchorthreadswhichallowsthewebtostandforcesandtokeepitsstructuralstrengththroughawiderangeofenvironmentalconditions.7l.WhatdoesthewordsointhefirstparagraphrefertoA.Tocatchandkeepsmallcreatures.B.TofindagoodmaterialfortheweB.C.TomakethewebsbeautifulandwellordereD.D.Tomakethethreadslongenough.72.Whichofthefollowingisusedforcatchingandholdinginsects?A.ThecenteroftheweB.B.Thecapturespirals.C.Theanchorthreads.D.Theradius.73.Whichofthefollowingcorrectlygivesthenamesofthenumberedthreadsinthepicture?A.①capturespiral②radiusB.①radius②capturespiralC.①anchorthread②framethreadD.①framethread②anchorthread74.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthethreadsusedinthecapturespiral?A.Naturalandlightweight.B.Strongandstiff.C.SmoothandelastiC.D.StrongstickyandelastiC.75.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.Thewisdomofspiders.B.Thefunctionofroundspiderwebs.C.Thestructureofroundspiderwebs.D.Thechallengesforspiderwebs.
Thebiggestchangeintheworldtodayistechnology.Thereasonwhytheworldisgettingsmalleristhatpeoplecannowtalktoeachothermorequicklythanbeforewithmoreinformation.Thecomputernowhastheinformationofalibraryofbooksonallsubjects.Withtheknowledgeavailable可用的toeverypersonoftheworldtheworldseemstobesmaller.Bysittingatacomputerdifferentsoftwareprogramsgivestudentsthechancetolearnaboutallsubjectssimplybyaskingthecomputertofindtheinformation.Nowstudentscanproducewrittenpapersatahighlevelofskillbecausethecomputerbringsinformationimmediatelytothestudent.Thecomputerbecomesthelibrary.Studentsandparentsarenowlearningwhatanimportanttoolthecomputerhasbecomeforimprovingeducation.ThetelephonecannowbeusedincarsorcarriedinapurseorpocketsothatpeoplecantalktoeachotheratanytimE.Oftenabeeper寻呼机willbecarriedatalltimesbyanadult.Whenitbeginstobeeptheadultcanseewhichnumberiscalling.Itmightbeafamilymemberorabusiness.Bygoingtothecarhecancallbackimmediately.ThecarbecomestheofficeforbusinesssimplybecauseofthecarphonE.LetterswithinacountrymighthavetakenafewdaystobedelivereD.Betweencountriesitmighttakeafewweeks.Technologyhasdevelopedafaxmachinewherealettercantravelanywhereintheworldimmediately.Thishaschangedthewaypeopledobusiness.Alsofamilymemberscanusethefaxforpersonalmessages.Manycomputerscanreceiveane-mail.Thisislikethefaxletter.Oftenbusinesseshaveafaxmachinebuthomesdonot.Ifacomputerisinahomeitcanreceivee-mailmessagesfromanyoneintheworlD.Itislikethetelephonebutitcostsmuchlesstoreceivemessages.Thenextgenerationwillhavecomputersinmosthomesandbeabletosendfaxesande-mailsthroughouttheworlD.Todayinformationislimitedbecausenoteveryonehasacomputer.Howeverinthefuturethecomputerwillbeascommonasthetelephoneortelevision.Technologyischangingthewaypeoplecommunicatewitheachother.1.Theideathattheworldisgettingsmalleristhat_______.A.theworldisreallysmallerthanbeforeforsomereasonB.trainsandbusestravelfasterthanbeforeC.peoplecancommunicatewitheachothermorequicklythanbeforeD.therearemoreandmorerocketsandsatellitesinspace2.Whatthewritertalksmostaboutinthearticleis_______.A.thecomputerB.thee-mailC.thefaxD.thetelephone3.Fewerandfewerpeopleusethebeeperbecause_______.A.itisdifficulttouseB.itshowsonlythenumberofsomeone'stelephoneC.thebeeperownercananswerthetelephoneonlybygoingtoacarD.attimespublictelephonesareeasilyfound4.Accordingtothewriterusingthefaxis_______thantelephoning.A.moreusefulB.lessexpensiveC.lessimportantD.morenecessary
MostanimalshavelittleconnectionwithanimalsofadifferentkindunlesstheyhuntthemforfooD.Sometimeshowevertwokindsofanimalscometogetherinapartnershipwhichdoesgoodtobothofthem.Youmayhavenoticedsomebirdssittingonthebacksofsheep.Thisisnotbecausetheywantaridebutbecausetheyfindeasyfoodintheparasites寄生虫onsheep.Thesheepallowthebirdstodosobecausetheyremovethecauseofdiscomfort.Soalthoughtheycanmanagewithouteachothertheydobettertogether.Sometimesananimalhasaplantpartner.Therelationshipdevelopsuntilthetwopartnerscannotmanagewithouteachother.ThisissointhecoralsoftheseA.Intheirskinstheyhavetinyplantswhichactasdustmentakingsomeofthewasteproductsfromthecoralandgivinginreturnoxygen氧气whichtheanimalneedstobreathE.IftheplantsarekilledorareevenpreventedfromlightsothattheycannotlivenormallythecoralswilldiE.13.Somebirdsliketositinasheepbecause________.A.theycaneatitsparasitesB.theydependonthesheepforlivingC.theyenjoytravellingwiththesheepD.theyfindthepositionmostcomfortable14.Thewordtheyinthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphrefersto_______.A.birdsandparasitesB.birdsandsheepC.sheepandparasitesD.sheepbirdsandparasites15.Fromthepassageweknowthatthecoralisakindof________.A.plantthatneedsoxygenB.plantthatcanproduceoxygenC.animalthatneedsoxygenD.animalthatcanproduceoxygen16.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss?A.Someanimalsandplantsdependoneachotherforliving.B.Someanimalsandplantsdeveloptheirrelationshipeasily.C.SomeplantsdependoneachotherforfooD.D.Someanimalslivebettertoghther.
Wehaveseenthatpesticides杀虫剂nowpollutesoilwaterandfoodandthattheyhavethepowertomakeourriversfishlessandourgardensandwoodlandssilentandbirdless.ManhowevermuchhemayliketopretendtheoppositeispartofnaturE.Canheescapeapollutionthatisnowsothoroughlyspreadthroughoutourworld?Weknowthatevensingleexposure暴露tothesechemicalsiftheamountislargeenoughcancauseextremelyseverepoisoning.Butthisisnotthemajorproblem.Thesuddenillnessordeathoffarmersfarmworkersandothersexposedtoenoughquantitiesofpesticidesisverysadandshouldnothappen.ForthepopulationasawholewemustpaymoreattentiontothedelayedeffectsoftakinginsmallamountsofthepesticidesthatunseeablypolluteourworlD.Responsible负责的publichealthofficialshavepointedoutthatthebiologicaleffectsofchemicalsareincreasinginamountoverlongperiodsoftimeandthatthedangertomanmaydependontheamountoftheexposuresreceivedthroughouthislifetimE.Fortheseveryreasonspeopleeasilytakenonoticeofthedanger.Itishumannaturetoshakeoffwhatmayseemtousafuturedisaster灾害.MenarenaturallymostimpressedbydiseaseswhichhaveobvioussignssaysawisephysicianDr.ReneDubosyetsomeoftheirworstenemiesslowlycomenearthemunnoticeD.1.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedsentence?A.Mandoesn'tcareaboutwhathappensinnaturE.B.ManactsasifhedoesnotbelongtonaturE.C.Mancanavoidtheeffectsofenvironmentalpollution.D.Mancanescapehisresponsibilitiesforenvironmentalprotection.2.Peoplearelikelytotakenonoticeofthedelayedeffectsofexposuretochemicalsbecause________.A.limitedexposuretothemdoeslittleharmtopeople'shealthB.thepresentismoreimportanttothemthanthefutureC.thedangerdoesnotbecomeseenclearlyandimmediatelyD.humansareabletobearsmallamountsofpoisoning3.ItcanbeconcludedfromwhatDr.Dubossaysthat________.A.peoplefindhiddendiseasesdifficulttodealwithB.attacksbyhiddenenemiesarelikelytobedeadlyC.diseaseswithobvioussignsareeasytocureD.peoplearelikelytotakenonoticeofhiddendangerscausedbypesticides
Mulch护盖物;护根层isimportanttofarmers.Mulchisaprotectivecoverofmaterialthatisspreadontopofsoil.ItisusuallymadeoutoforganicmateriallikecropwastE.Farmersmaykeeptheremainsofmaizeorothercropsontopofthesoil.ThiscreatesmulchonthesoilsurfacE.TheplantremainshelpprotectthesoilagainstwindandwaterdamagE.Mulchingisoneofthebestthingspeoplecandofortheirplants.MulchnotonlyprotectsthesoilagainstwindandwaterdamagE.Italsohelpskeepthesoilfromgettingtoodryandreducestheneedforwateringplants.Italsolimitstemperaturechangesinthesoil.Anditstopsunwantedplantsorweedsfromgrowing.Organicmulchimprovestheconditionofsoil.AsthemulchbreaksdownitprovidesmaterialwhichkeepsthesoilfromgettingharD.Thisimprovesthegrowthofrootsandincreasesthemovementofwaterthroughthesoil.Italsoimprovestheabilityofthesoiltoholdwater.Organicmulchcontainsnutrientsforplants.Italsoprovidesagoodenvironmentforearthwormsandotherhelpfulorganismsinthesoil.TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculturesaysitiseasytofindorganicmulchmaterials.Cut-upleavesandsmallpiecesoftreebarkcanbeuseD.Grasscuttingsarealsoagoodmulchforplants.Mulchfromnewspapersworkswellincontrollingweeds.Thebesttimetoaddmulchdependsonyourgoal.Mulchprovidesathickbarrierbetweenthesoilandtheair.Thishelpstoreducetemperaturechangesinthesoil.Asaresultmulchedsoilwillbecoolerthanothersoilinthesummer.Inwinterthemulchedsoilmaynotfreezeasdeeplyasothersoil.Thebesttimeisafterthegroundhasfrozenbutbeforethecoldestweatherarrives.Spreadingmulchbeforethegroundhasfrozenmayattractsmallanimalssearchingforawarmplacetospendthewinter.Delayingthespreadingshouldpreventthisproblem.TheanimalswillprobablyfindanotherplacetolivE.66.TheauthortellsusthefollowingEXCEPT___________.A.whatmulchisanditsbenefitsB.thebesttimetoaddmulchC.whatcanbemulchonthesoilsurfaceD.thebadeffectsofmulch67.ThefollowingcanbeusedasorganicmaterialstomakemulchEXCEPT_______.A.treebarksB.cut-upleavesC.grasscuttingsD.plastic68.Whichofthefollowingisthebenefitofmulch?A.ProtectingthesoilagainstwindandwaterdamagE.B.KeepingthesoilwetandreducingtheneedforwateringplantsC.Reducingtemperaturechangesinthesoilandstoppingunwantedweedsgrowing.D.AlloftheabovE.69.ThemainideaofParagraph2isthatorganicmulchcan______.A.improvetheconditionofsoilB.improvetheabilityofthesoiltoholdwaterC.provideagoodenvironmentforearthwormsD.improvethegrowthofrootsandincreasethemovementofwaterthroughthesoil70.Fromthelastparagraphweknow______.A.thebesttimetoaddmulchisinspringandsummerB.thebesttimetoaddmulchisafterthecoldestweatherarrivesC.thebesttimetoaddmulchdependsonweatherD.choosingthebesttimetoaddmulchcanavoidattractingsmallanimals
Anyoneforrocketsalad?TheChinesearenowgrowinghugevegetablesfromseedstheysentintospacE.Ifyouarethetypewhoworriesabouttheairmilestravelledbyfruitsandvegetablesthesebeautiesaren’tforyou.It'sbecausetheyhavetravelledalittlefurtherthanmost.Theseedsfromwhichtheygrewwerefiredintospacewheretheyorbitedtheearthfortwoweeks.OncetheyreturnedtheyweregrowninhothousesproducingthemonsterkindsseenherE.Chinawhichisbehindthesespacefruitsandvegetablessaystheycouldbetheanswertotheworld'sfoodcrisis.The21-poundtomatoesnine-inchchillies15-stonepumpkinsandlargewatermelonsgrowingattheGuangdongAcademyofAgriculturalSciences’hothousescanfeedmanymorethantheirsmallercousinsandmayhavemorenutrientsthescientistssay.ResearcherLoZhigangsaidTraditionalagriculturaldevelopmenthastakenusasfaraswecangoanddemandforfoodfromagrowingpopulationisendless.Spaceseedsoffertheopportunitytogrowfruitsandvegetablesbiggerandfaster.HeadmittedheandhiscolleaguescouldnotexplainwhytimeinorbitcausedtheseedstochangegeneticstructurE.Buttheyguessedexposuretothecosmic宇宙的radiationthatattackedthespacecraftinorbitaswellasthenearzerogravityconditionsmicrogravitycouldplayapart.Wedon'tthinkthere'sanythreattohumanhealthbecausethegenesthemselvesdonotchange;justtheirorderchangeshesaiD.Withgenetically-modifiedGMcropsyouhaveseenenvironmentalproblemsbecausetheyhaveaddedgenesthatcandamageotherorganisms.Butwithspaceseedstheydon'tgaingenes;theycanonlylosethem.HealsoclaimedtheVitaminC.contentinsomespacevegetableswasnearlythreetimeshigherthanincommonvegetableswhilelevelsofzincarealsoincreaseD.Westernscientistsaredoubtful.NASAresearcherswhohaveexperimentedwithseedsinspacesaythereisnotenoughbenefittoshowthecostisreasonablE.56.WhatdotheunderlinedwordsthesebeautiesinParagraph2probablyreferto______?A.Beautifulviewsalongtheairroutes.B.TravellingexperiencesinspacE.C.SeedsfiredintospacE.D.Giantvegetables.57.WecaninferfromLo’swordsinParagraph6that_______.A.ourconventionalagriculturehasdevelopedtooslowly.B.weareaskingtoomuchfromnatureC.spaceseedsmayhelpmeetourdemandforfoodD.we'llgrowcropsinspaceinthefuture58.Whytheseedschangedtheirgeneticstructure_______.A.remainstobeprovedB.isdiscoveredbyLoZhigangC.hassomethingtodowiththeconditionsinhothousesD.isduetotheradiationthatattackedthemdirectly59.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Westernscientists’doubtisunreasonablE.B.Westemscientistsdon’tbelievethatChinesescientistshavesucceededintheexperiment.C.Westernscientistshaveprovedspaceseedstobeofnobenefit.D.Westernscientiststhinkthecostofspaceseedsoutweighsthebenefits.
BeforeJohannGuttenburgdevelopedtheprintingpressin1437newstraveledbywordofmouth.Thismeantthatinformationwasslowtoreachthepublicandthatdetails细节;详情changedasnewsspreadfromonepersontothenext.Printedmattersuchasnewspapersmadeitpossibleforinformationtobegatheredinacentralofficeandfornewstobewrittenmoreaccurately准确地.In1844SamuelMorsemadeasystemofsendingcodedmessagesthroughelectricwiresperfectfoundinganearlyformoflong-distancecommunication通讯.Theworkofcommunicationswasdevelopedin1858throughtheworkofJuliusvonReuterwhomadenewspapersreachdifferentcountriesbytelegraphing.WitheachofthesedevelopmentsthepublicwonderedattheclevernessofthecommunicationpioneersandaskedWhatwilltheythinkofnext?Theythoughtofplenty.AlexanderGrahamBellhadtheideaofpassingspeechbyelectricalimpulsesandinventedthefirsttelephonein1876.TheinventionofthewirelessbyGuglielmoMarconiin1895madethewayformodern-dayradiotransmission.VKZworykinworkedononeofthefirsttelevisionsin1928.Communicationsreachednewheightswhentelevisionsweremassproducedinthe1950s.In1962thefirstcommunicationsatellitemadepeopleseelivebroadcastfromanywhereintheworlD.Undergroundandunderwatercables电缆alsosendonprogramsfromoneareatoanother.TelecommunicationsandcomputernetworkingareofbigadvancesofourtimesandmeanevengreaterdevelopmentstocomE.68.Themainideaofthepassageis________.A.itisnoteasytousemodernwaysofcommunicationB.somanypeopledidn'tsucceedindevelopingthemeansofcommunicationC.themeansofcommunicationhavegonethroughmanystages阶段beforetheyareperfectedD.thedevelopmentofhistoryhaslastedsuchalongtime69.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.ThefirstwordTheyinthe2ndparagraphreferstoscientists.B.AlexanderGrahamBellgavethefirstspeechin1876.C.Theprintingpresswasperfectedintheeleventhcentury.D.Sincemanymeansofcommunicationhavebeendevelopedagreatnumberofpeopleneedn'treadnewspapers.70.Thebeginningofthelong-distancecommunicationwas________.A.sendingmessagesbywordofmouthB.whenpeopleseeprogrammesatthetimeofperformancesC.inthenineteenthcenturyD.whenthewirelesswasinvented71.Telecommunicationsandcomputernetworking________.A.meantherewillbegreaterdevelopmentB.showthe18thcentury'smeansareperfectC.meanmodernsocietyhasdevelopedfromoneareatoanotherD.showpeople'slifecanbeworseandworse
Therearetwomainthingsthatmakeaircraftengineeringdifficult:theneedtomakeeverypartasreliableaspossibleandtheneedtobuildeverythingaslightaspossiblE.Theyaretobecombined结合.Thefactthatanaeroplaneisupintheairandcan'tstopifanythinggoeswrongmakesitperhapsamatteroflifeordeaththatitsperformanceiscompletelydependablE.Givenacertainpowerofengineandsoacertainamountofoilthereisapracticallimittothetotalweightofaircraftthatcanbemadetofly.Outofthatweightasmuchaspossibleiswantedforfuelradioinstrumentspassengerseatsorfreight货物roomandofcoursethepassengersorfreightthemselves.Sotheaircrafthastobeassmallandlightassafetywillallow.Thedesignermustworkoutthenormalloadthateachpartwillbear.Thisspecialistiscalledthestress压力man.HetakesnoticeofanyunusualstressthatmaybeputonthepartasameansagainsterrorsinproductionaccidentaldamageetC.Thestressman'sdecisionsgotothedesignerofthepartandhemustmakeitasstrongasthestressmansaysisnecessary.OneortwosmallpartsarealwaystestedtoprovethattheyareasstrongasthedesignerwanteD.Eachseparatepartistestedthenawholeone-forexampleacompletewingandfinallythewholeaeroplanE.Whenanewtypeofaeroplaneisbeingmadenormallyonlyoneofthefirstthreemadewillbeflown.Twowillbedestroyedonthegroundinstricttests.Thethirdonewillbetestedintheair.Whenaplanehaspassedallthetestsitcangetagovernmentpermissionofflightwithoutwhichitisillegal非法的toflyexceptfortestflying.5.Themaindifficultyofaircraftdesignliesin________.A.thecombinationoflightnessandreliabilityB.thespeedandcheapnessC.reliabilityandpassengercomfortD.itsenginepowerandoilburning6.Thestressman'sjobistoworkout________.A.howsafetheplaneisB.theloadthateachpartbearsC.thepossibleerrorsmadebydesignersD.theamountofloadtheaircraftmaycarry7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.ThetotalweightofanaircraftdependsonthepoweroftheenginE.B.Anaircrafthastopassallthetests.C.Permissionofflightcanbegotfromthegovernment.D.Itisnecessaryforallthefirstplanestobetestedintheair.
Whycansomepeoplesleepthroughnoiseslikeahonkingcarorflushingtoiletwhileothersareawakenedbythelightestsound?TofindtheanswersleepresearchersatMassachusettsGeneralHospitalconductedanunusualstudyof12self-describeddeepsleepers.Aftertestsconfirmedthatthehealthyvolunteersweresolidsleeperstheytookpartinathree-nightstudyintheuniversity’ssleeplaboratory.Theparticipantsspentthenightinabigandcomfortableroom.ButtheroomalsoincludedfourspeakerspositionednearthetopofthebeD.Duringthenightthedeepsleepersweresubjectedto14differentrecordedsoundslikestreettraffictoiletsflushingandanairplaneflyingoverheaD.Nextdoortheresearchersmonitoredtheirsleeppatternsandbrainwaves.Asexpectedalloftheparticipantssleptrelativelywellbutthereweredifferencesinhowtheyrespondedtothenoisyinterruptions.Someofthesleepersdidn’twakeupevenwhenasoundwasblastedat70decibels分贝otherswereawakenedbysoundsat40or50decibels.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthedifferenceinasleeper’sreactiontonoisecouldbepredictedbythelevelofbrainactivitycalledsleepspindles纺锤体.A.sleepspindleisaburstofhigh-frequencybrainactivitycomingfromdeepinsidethebrainduringsleep.Thesourceofthespindlesisthethalamus丘脑apartofthebrainthatsendssensoryinformationtotherestofthecortex皮层.BeforethestudytheMassachusettsresearcherstheorizedthatthespindlesarethebrain’swayofpreventingsensoryinformationfrompassingthroughthethalamusandwakingtherestofthebrainduringsleep.TheyfoundthatsleeperswhoexperiencedthemostsleepspindlesduringthenightwerealsothesoundestsleepersandwereleastlikelytobeawakenedbynoisE.Scientistsalreadyknowthatmostpeoplebecomelightersleeperswithagemostlikelybecauseolderpeopleexperiencelessslowwavesleepwhichisthedeepeststageofsleep.PeoplealsoproducefewersleepspindlesastheyagE.ButevenwhencontrollingforthestageofsleepapersonwasinthenumberofsleepspindlesstillpredictedtheirriskforawakeningbecauseofnoisE.Moreresearchisneededbutthefindingssuggestthatabetterunderstandingofsleepspindlescouldleadtonewbehavioralordrugtherapiesforpeoplewithsleepdisorders.Forexamplefuturestudiesmaytrytodeterminewhetherdietexerciseorotherbehaviorsmayinfluencethenumberofsleepspindlesapersonproducesduringthenight.71.Someparticipantscansleepwellthroughloudnoisesmainlybecause________.A.theirbrainsdon’trespondtooutsidenoises.B.theirbrainsreactdifferentlytonoises.C.theyadapttootheenvironmentquickly.D.theydon’tpayattentiontothemonitors.72.Scientistsbelievethatthekeytoaffectingdeepsleepis__________.A.sleepspindlesB.stagesofsleepC.sleepdisordersD.sensoryinformation73.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat_____________.A.TheolderadeepsleeperbecomesthelighterhissleepmustbE.B.Themoreslowwavesleeponeexperiencesthedeepersleeponehas.C.Themorefrequentlyasleeper’sbrainworksthelessinformationitsends.D.ThedeepersleeppeoplehavethemorelikelytheywillbeawakenedbynoisE.74.Fromthepassagewecanpredict____________.A.morefactorsininfluencingsleepspindlesmaybediscovereD.B.moresolidsleeperswilltakepartinrelativeexperiments.C.sleepspindleswillbeappliedtochangeone’sbehaviors.D.deepsleeperswillprobablyenjoyamorehealthylifE.75.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thedifferencesbetweenthedeepsleepersandthelightsleepers.B.TheexperimentsconductedbyMassachusettsGeneralHospital.C.Thediscoveryandtheimportanceofsleepspindles.D.Thenewbehaviorsordrugtherapiesforpeoplewithsleepdisorders.
Eversincemanhasgonedowntotheseainshipshehasbeenpuzzledandfascinatedbythephenomenoncalledfierywatersortheburningoftheseas.Atnightwholeareasofthesealightupwithanunusualglow.Strangeasitmaylookthereisnothingsupernaturalaboutthislight.Itiscausedbysimpleone-celledorganisms.Thisproductionoflightbylivingorganismsiscalledbioluminescence生物发光.Mostofthesesingle-celledformsmakelightwhenevertheyareirritatedbysomethingaroundthem.Somekindshoweverproducelightonlyatnight.ThereareaboutfortymainkindsoforganismsthatproducebioluminescencE.Ofallthesethefirefliesorlightningbugsarethebestknown.Firefliescancontroltheblinkingoftheirlightssothattheyserveassignalsbetweenmalesandfemales.Otherinsectssuchasthecucujobeetleandthelanternflyfoundintropicalforestsproduceaveryintenselight.Anarmysurgeononceperformedasuccessfuloperationunderthelightofabottlefulofcucujobeetles.AnotherinterestingluminescentanimalisthewaterfleafoundintheseasofOrient.Thissmallanimalwhichlivesinthesandcomesoutatnight.Asitmovesaboutitsecretes分泌aluminoussubstancE.ThelightthatitproducesisunusualinthatitisbluE.Mostluminescentcreaturesproduceawhiteoryellowlight.9.Atnightthesealightsupbecause_________.A.astrangelightlightsuptheseaB.two-celledorganismscanproducelightC.there'saphenomenonoffierywatersD.there'ssomethingsupernaturalaboutthislight10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.AlltheorganismscangivelightwhentheyareirritateD.B.Noneoftheseorganismscanproducelightofitself.C.Mostofthesesingle-celledformsproducelightwhenevertheyareirritateD.D.Alltheorganismscanmakelightbothinthedaytimeandatnight.
WeknowthatmanyanimalsdonotstayinoneplacE.BirdsfishandotheranimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotheratacertaintimE.TheymovefordifferentreasonsmostofthemmovetofindfoodmoreeasilybutothersmovetogetawayfromplacesthataretoocrowdeD.WhencoldweathercomesmanybirdsmovetowarmerplacestofindfooD.SomefishesgivebirthinwarmwaterandmovetocoldwatertofeeD.Themostfamousmigration迁移isprobablythemigrationofthefishwhichiscalledsalmon大马哈鱼.Thisfishisborninfreshwaterbutittravelsmanymilestosaltwater.ThereitspendsitslifE.Whenitisolditreturnstoitsbirthplaceinfreshwater.ThenitgivesbirthanddiestherE.InnorthernEuropethereisakindofmicE.TheyleavetheirmountainhomeswhentheybecometoocrowdeD.TheymovedowntothelowlanD.SometimestheymoveallthewaytotheseasideandmanyofthemarekilledwhentheyfallintotheseA.Recentlyscientistshavestudiedthemigrationofakindoflobsters龙虾.Everyyearwhentheseasonofbadweatherarrivesthelobstersgetintoalonglineandstarttowalkacrosstheflooroftheocean.Nobodyknowswhytheydothisandnobodyknowswheretheygo.Sosometimesweknowwhyhumansandanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotherbutatothertimeswedon’t.Maybelivingthingsjustliketotravel.56.Mostanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotheratacertaintimeto__________.A.givebirthB.enjoywarmerweatherC.findfoodmoreeasilyD.findbeautifulplaces57.ThemiceinnorthernEuropemovewhen__________.A.theygivebirthB.theweatherisbadC.theplacegetstoocrowdedD.theyhaven’tenoughfood58.Thelobstersmove__________.A.tothefreshwaterB.totheseafloorC.tofindmorefoodD.atacertaintime59.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Animalsmoveinordertofindfoodmoreeasily.B.Themigrationofthefishcalledsalmonisthemostfamousmigration.C.Livingthingsmovefromoneplacetoanotherbecausetheyliketotravel.D.Sometimesweknowwhyandhowlivingthingsmovefromoneplacetoanotherbutwedon’tsometimes.
Geologistshavebeenstudyingvolcanoes火山foralongtimE.Thoughtheyhavelearnedagreatdealtheystillhavenotdiscoveredthecausesofvolcanicaction.Theyknowthattheinsideoftheearthisveryhotbuttheyarenotsureexactlywhatcausesthegreatheat.Somegeologistshavethoughtthattheheatiscausedbythegreatpressureoftheearth'souterlayers.OrtheheatmaybeleftfromthetimewhentheearthwasformeD.Duringthelastsixtyyearsscientistshavelearnedaboutradiumuraniumthoriumandotherradioactiveelements.Thesegiveoutheatallthetimeastheychangeintootherelements.Manyscientistsnowbelievethatmuchoftheheatinsidetheearthisproducedbyradioactiveelements.Whateverthecauseoftheheatmightbewedoknowthattheearthgetshotterthefartherdownwedig.Indeepminesandoilwellsthetemperaturerisesabout1degreeFforeach50feet.Atthisratethetemperature40milesbelowtheearth'ssurfacewouldbeover4000degreesF.Thisismuchhotterthannecessarytomeltrock.Howeverthepressureoftherockabovekeepsmostmaterialsfrommeltingattheirusualmeltingpoints.GeologistsbelievethattherockdeepintheearthmaybeplastiC.Inotherwordstherockyields屈服slowlytopressurebutisnotliquiD.Butifsomechangeintheearth'souterlayerreleasesthepressuretherockmelts.ThenthehotliquidrockcanmoveuptowardthesurfacE.4.Thesubjectofthispassageisthe________.A.formationofvolcanoesB.resultsofvolcanicactionC.heartoftheearthD.causesoftheearth'sinsideheat5.Thecausefortheheatintheinterioroftheearthisprobably________.A.radioactiveelementsB.thegreatpressureoftheearthC.notdeterminedD.theheatremainingfromtheformationoftheearth6.Ifthetemperatureattheearth'ssurfaceis20°Fthetemperatureinacoalmine500feetbelowthesurfacewouldindegreebe________.A.40B.30C.50D.1207.Whydoesn'ttherockdeepintheearthmeltasaliquidatsuchhightemperature?A.Becausethetemperatureisn'thighenoughtomeltit.B.BecauseitmaybeplastiC.C.Becausethepressureoftherockaboveisstrongenoughtostopitmelting.D.Becausethereisn'toxygeninsidetheearth.
Clothescanmakephonecallsplaymusicdialyourpal'snumberkeepyouwarmduringcoldweatherandoperateyourcomputer.Thisisnotafantasy.A.Britishcompanycalledelectrotexileshascreatedawiderangeofclothes—clothesthahavemindsoftheirown!Scientistsworkingforthecompanyhaveinventedakindoffabricthatcanbemixedwithflexibleelectronicmaterialstocreateintelligentclothing.Theresultsareelectronicgarments.Ifyouthinktheweatherhastobewiredtodifferentdevicesthinkagain.Thesedesignerclothesarewirefreesofttotouchandwashable!LikeanyelectronicdevicethesehightechclotheshavetobepowereD.CurrentlyatinyninevoltbatteryservesthepurposE.Buttheresearchershopethatinthenearfuturetheclotheswillgenerateelectricitybyusingbodyheat.Theseclothesare100%shockprooftheysay.Theelectrotexilesteamhasalsocreatedtheworld'sfirstclothkeyboarD.Thesekeyboardcanbesewnintoyourtrousersorskirt.Tousethisdeviceyouwillhavetositdownandtaponyourlap!Theselaptapdevicesareallsettotakeoverlaptopcomputers!AnotherusefulgarmentistheshirtcummobilephonE.Thishandyinventionenablesdriverstochatcomfortablywithothersatthewheel!Otherpopularelectronicwearsincludethedenim牛仔布jacketwithflexibleearphonessewnintothehoopandtheelectronicskijacketwithabuiltinheater.TheskijacketisalsoprogrammedtosendsignalstoasatellitE.Thistechnologyisknownasglobalpositioningsystemandcanbeusedtotracklostskiersandwanderingkids.Havingcompletedtheclothkeyboardscientistshavealreadystartedtoworkonanewproject—anecktiethatcanbeusedasacomputermousE.Whatisthenext?Doyouhaveanyidea?60.Theelectronicgarmentsaresimilartootherelectronicdevicesinthat________.A.theyfeelsmoothandsoftB.theyuseelectricityaspowerC.theycanbewashedinwaterD.theyaremadefromflexiblematerials61.Howwillresearchersimprovethesehightechclothes?A.Bodyheatwillbeusedaspower.B.ThewearerwillnotgetshockeD.C.A.tinyninevoltbatterywillwork.D.Theywillgetchargedautomatically.62.Themainpurposeofthetextis________.A.toadvertiseforanEnglishcompanyB.topredictthefuturetrendoftheproductsinthecompanyC.toshowhowrapidlysciencedevelopsD.tointroducesomeintelligent智能的clothinginthecompany63.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthor'sattitudetowardsthecompanyis________.A.negative消极的B.casualC.optimisticD.doubtful
Besidesprovidinganidealenvironmentforseaplantsandanimalstoliveinseawaterhasothervaluablepropertiesoneofwhichisthatitconstantlymoves.Anditsmovementsproduceenergy.Themostobviousmovementsarethewavesandthetides.Windcausesthewavesandthegravitationalpullofthemoonandthesuncausesthetides.InplacesliketheBayofFundyinCanadathedifferencebetweenthehighandlowtidelevelcanbeasmuchas40feet.FranceandBritainarenowtryingtouseenergyinthetidestoproduceelectricity.Wavescanproduceelectricityandsomesmall-scaleexperimentsaretakingplacetolearnmoreaboutthis.Oneofthemostencouragingareasofresearchusesthedifferencebetweenthetemperatureofseawateratthesurfaceanddeepdowntoproduceelectricity.68.Oneofthevaluablepropertiesofseawateristhat________.A.ithasnoplantsinitB.itpullsthesunandthemoonC.itsmovementsproduceenergyD.itfeedsallkindsofanimals69.Wavesandtidesarecausedby________.A.thesameforceB.differentforcesC.theirownmovementsD.plantsandanimals70.AccordingtothispassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Thetemperaturedifferenceofseawatercanproduceelectricity.B.Theenergyinthetidescanproduceelectricity.C.Wavescanproduceelectricity.D.Theplantsandanimalsintheoceancanproduceelectricity.71.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.howtodevelopoceanareasB.howwavesandtidesarecausedC.howtomakeuseofenergyoftheseawaterD.howwesterncountriesarecompetingforusingenergyoftheoceans
ThursdayJune102004-AlittleblackspotcrawledacrossthebottomofthesunTuesdaytothedelightofstargazers天文学家aroundtheworlD.ThespotwasVenusthesecond-closestplanettothesunandEarth'snearestneighbor.Venushadn'tpassedbetweenEarthandthesuninmorethanahundredyears.FromEgypttoAustraliaspacefansworespecialsunglassestoprotecttheireyesandpreventblindnesswhilewatchingthesix-hourevent.InPrestonEnglandschoolchildrenwentwildwhenVenusappeareD.TheywereliterallyjumpingoffthefloorwithexcitementsaidGordonBromageanastrophysicistorascientistwhostudiesobjectsinspaceatBritain'sUniversityofCentralLancashirE.Theywereyelling'I'veseenit.I'veseenit!'InCairoEgyptagroupofstudentsvisitedtheancientpyramidstoviewtheplanetary行星的passagE.Thepyramidsaretheperfectplacetowatchsomethingsoraresaid15-year-oldWissamAdelKamal.Thespectacularsightwasonlypartially部分地visibleinNorthandSouthAmericA.UnluckyastronomyfansinJapanandThailandcouldn'tseeitatallbecauseofthelousy糟糕的weather.WecouldbarelyseethesunonandoffthroughbreaksinthecloudssaidMakiYanagisawawhotriedtowatchinHokkaidoJapan.VenuspassessorarelybeforethesunbecauseVenusandEarthorbitthesunatslightlydifferentangles.ForVenustobevisibleonthefaceofthesunitmustpassexactlybetweenEarthandthesun.StillifyoumissedtheshowyoumayhaveanotherchancE.Venuswilltravelbackacrossthesunagainin2012.Afterthatitwon'tmakethetripforanothermorethanahundredyears.1.Itcanbeinferredthat________.A.VenuswasalittleblackspotB.VenusshowtakesplaceeveryahundredyearsC.ThedistanceislongerfromVenustothesunthanthatfromEarthtothesunD.ThedistanceisshorterfromVenustothesunthanthatfromEarthtothesun2.WhatmusttakeplacesothatVenuscanbeseeninthefaceofthesun?A.VenusmustpassexactlybetweenEarthandthesun.B.Theskymustbeveryclear.C.SpecialsunglassesmustbeuseD.D.EarthmusttravelinfrontofVenus.3.IfyoumisstheVenusshowthistimeyou'llhavetowait________towatchthenextshow.A.8yearsB.morethan100yearsC.15yearsD.2012years4.Itwasreportedthat________.A.thisVenusshowcouldbeseenatanytimeonTuesdayJune8B.thisVenusshowcouldbeseenatanyplaceontheearthC.onlyschoolchildrenshowedinterestinthisVenusshowD.somepeoplewerenotluckyenoughtoseethesight
ItisreportedthatconservationgroupsinNorthAmericahavebeenarguingaboutthebenefitsanddangersofwolves.SomegroupsbelievewolvesshouldbekilleD.Otherpeoplebelievewolvesmustbeprotectedsothattheywillnotdisappearfromthewilderness荒野.ForKillingWolvesInAlaskathewolfalmostdisappearedafewyearsagobecausehunterswerekillinghundredsofthemforsport.Howeverlawswereestablishedtoprotectthewolvesfromsportsmenandpeoplewhocatchtheanimalsfortheirfur.SothewolfpopulationhasgreatlyincreaseD.Nowtherearesomanywolvesthattheyaredestroyingtheirownfoodsupply.Awolfnaturallyeatsanimalsinthedeerfamily.PeopleinthewildernessalsohuntdeerforfooD.ManyoftheanimalshavebeendestroyedbytheverycoldwintersrecentlyandbychangesinthewildernessplantlifE.Whenthedeercan'tfindenoughfoodtheydiE.Ifthewolvescontinuetokilllargenumbersofdeertheirprey猎物willdisappearsomeday.Andthewolveswilltoo.Sowemustchangethecycleoflifeinthewildernesstobalancetheecology.Ifwekilledmorewolveswewouldsavethemandtheirpreyfromdyingout.We'dalsosavesomefarmanimals.InanothernorthernstatewolvesattackcowsandchickensforfooD.Farmerswantthegovernmenttosendbiologiststostudytheproblem.Theybelieveitnecessarytokillwolvesinsomeareasandtoprotecttheminplaceswherethereisasmallwolfpopulation.AgainstKillingWolvesIfyouhadlivedlongagoyouwouldhaveheardmanydifferentstoriesaboutthedangerouswolf.AccordingtomoststorieshungrywolvesoftenkillpeopleforfooD.Eventodaythestoriesofthebigbadwolfwillnotdisappear.Butthefactiswolvesareafraidofpeopleandtheyseldomtravelinareaswherethereisahumansmell.WhenwolveseatotheranimalstheyusuallykilltheveryyoungorthesickandinjureD.ThestrongestsurvivE.NokindofanimalwouldhavesurvivedthroughthecenturiesiftheweakmembershadliveD.ThathasalwaysbeenalawofnaturE.Althoughsomepeoplesayitisgoodsensetokillwolveswesayitisnonsense！ResearchershavefoundwolvesandtheirpreylivinginbalancE.ThewolveskeepthedeerpopulationfrombecomingtoolargeandthatkeepsabalanceinthewildernessplantlifE.TherealproblemisthattheareaswherewolvescanlivearebeingusedbypeoplE.Evenifwildernesslandisnotuseddirectlyforhumanneedsthewolvescan'talwaysfindenoughfooD.Sotheytraveltothenearestsourcewhichisoftenafarm.Thenthereisdanger.Thebigbadwolfhasarrived！Andeveryoneknowswhathappensnext.64.AccordingtothepassagesomepeopleinNorthAmericafavorkillingwolvesforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat________.A.therearetoomanywolvesB.theykilllargenumbersofdeerC.theyattackcowsandchickensforfoodD.theydestroythewildernessplantlife65.Somepeopleareagainstkillingwolvesbecause________.A.wolveshelptokeeptheecologicalbalanceinthewildernessB.thereistoosmallawolfpopulationinthewildernessC.therearetoomanydeerinthewildernessD.wolvesareafraidofpeopleandneverattackpeople66.Accordingtothoseagainstkillingwolveswhenwolveseatotheranimals______.A.theynevereatstrongandhealthyonesB.theyalwaysgoagainstthelawofnatureC.theymighthelpthiskindofanimalssurviveinnatureD.theydisturbtheecologicalbalanceinthewilderness67.ThelastsentenceAndeveryoneknowswhathappensnextimpliesthatinsuchcases________.A.farmanimalswillbeindangerandhavetobeshippedawayB.wolveswillkillpeopleandpeoplewillinturnkillthemC.wolveswillfindenoughfoodsourcesonfarmsD.peoplewillleavetheareaswherewolvescanlive
HowardDillisagiantamonggiantpumpkingrowers.Hegrewworldchampionpumpkinsforfouryearsrunningfrom1979to1982andmissedwinningthefifthyearbyamere5pounds.TodayhisDillAtlanticGiantseedsaresoldworldwidetomorethan50seedcompanies.ThepumpkinsgrownfromhisDillAtlanticGiantseedscommonlyweighinatover1000pounds.Idon’thaveanytrainingingenetics遗传学itwasalltrialanderrorDillsays.Heinheritedhisloveofpumpkinsfromhisfatherandhasenjoyedgrowingthemforyears.Dillstillgrowsgiantpumpkinsbutnotforcompetition.Inthefallvisitorscometoenjoythepumpkinpatchonhis90-acrefarminNovaScotiaCanadA.HeplantstenacresofpumpkinsforHalloweenandtwoacresofgiantpumpkins.Oneofgiantpumpkinswasrecentlybakedinto442pumpkinpiesandsoldat$5eachforcharity.ItyouwanttotrygrowingagiantpumpkinDillrecommendsstartingwithasoiltestandthenaddingfertilizerasneedeD.PlantthegiantpumpkinseeD.A.giantpumpkincangain15to20poundsadaysocarefulwatering—everydayortwo—isessential.Youshouldwaitabout130daysuntilthepumpkinmaturesandthenyoucanharvestit.Dill’sfavoritepumpkinsettheGuinnessBookrecordin1981.Itweighted493.5pounds.I’vegrownthemlargersincebutthatonemeantalotheremembers.Ineverwouldhavepredictedtenyearsagothattherewouldbea1000-pounderbuttherearemanyofthemnowsaysDillThe2006worldrecordholderisLarryCheckonofPennsylvaniA.Hegrewa1469pounder.DillsaysTheseworldchampionsaregrownfrommyseedssoIfeellikeawinnerrightalongwiththem.56.Whatcanwelearnabouttheworldchampionpumpkinof1983?A.Itweighedover1000pounds.B.Itwasmissingafterthecompetition.C.Itwas5poundsheavierthanthatof1982.D.Itwas5poundsheavierthanDill’sbiggestonethatyear.57.OneofDill’sgiantpumpkinsearned.A.$2210B.$442C.$1000D.$146958.InthethirdparagraphDillmainlytellsabout.A.howtodoasoiltestB.howtoplantthegiantpumpkinseedC.whentowaterthepumpkinD.howtogrowagiantpumpkin59.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.HowardDilliswelltrainedingenetics.B.HowardDillgrowspumpkinsjustforcompetiton.C.DillfeltproudofLarryCheckon’schampionpumpkin.D.Dill’sfavoritepumpkinistheheaviestofallthosehehasevergrown.60.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.GardeningGiant:HowardDillB.WorldChampionPumpkinC.DillAtlanticGiantSeedsD.HowtoGrowGiantPumpkins
Whendidyoulastseeapolarbear北极熊?Onatriptoazooperhaps?IfyouhadattendedawinteractivityinNewYorkafewyearsagoyouwouldhaveseenawholePolarBearCluB.ThesePolarBearsarepeoplewhomeetfrequentlyinthewintertoswiminfreezingcoldwater.Thatdaytheairtemperaturewas3℃andthewatertemperaturewasabithigher.ThemembersofthePolarBearClubatConeyIslandNewYorkareusuallyabouttheageof60.Membersmustsatisfytworequirements.Firsttheymustgetalongwellwitheveryoneelseinthegroup;thisisveryimportantbecausetherearesomanydifferentkindsofpeopleinthecluB.PolarBearsmustalsoagreetoswimoutdoorsatleasttwiceamonthfromNovemberthroughFebruary.Doctorsdonotagreeaboutthemedicaleffectsofcold-waterswimming.Someareworriedaboutthedangersofaconditioninwhichthebody'stemperaturedropssolowthatfinallytheheartstops.Otherdoctorshoweverpointoutthatthereismoredangerofaheartattackduringsummerswimmingbecausethedifferencebetweentheairtemperatureandwatertemperatureismuchgreaterinsummerthaninwinter.ThePolarBearsthemselvesaresatisfiedwiththebenefitsoradvantagesofcold-waterswimming.Theysaythattheirfavoriteformofexerciseisverygoodforthecirculatorysystem循环系统becauseitforcesthebloodtomovefasttokeepthebodywarm.Cold-waterswimmersusuallyturnbrightredafterafewminutesinthewater.A.personwhoturnsblueprobablyhasaverypoorcirculatorysystemandshouldnottrycold-waterswimming.Themainbenefitsofcold-waterswimmingareprobablymental.ThePolarBearslovetoswimyear-round;theyfinditfunandrelaxing.Asone70-year-oldwomansaysWhenIgointothewaterIpourmytroublesintotheoceanandletthemfloataway.11.ThemembersofthePolarBearClubmustmeetthefollowingrequirementsexceptthat_______.A.theyareusuallyabouttheageof60B.theyaremustagreetoswimoutdoorsfromNovemberthroughFebruaryC.theymustswimoutdoorsatleast8timesinthefourcoldmonthsD.theyshouldbeeasytomakefriendswith12.Doctors_______.A.havedifferentideasaboutthemedicaleffectsofcold-waterswimmingB.believeswimmingishelpfulbothinwinterandinsummerC.pointoutthepossibledangerofbloodillnessduringcold-waterswimmingD.encouragepeopletotakepartincold-waterswimmingactively13.Accordingtothepassagesomedoctorsbelieveitistruethat_______.A.PolarBearsarebearsswimminginfreezingwaterB.cold-waterswimmingcanmakethebodytemperaturedangerouslyhighC.swimmingcausesmoreheartattacksinsummerthaninwinterD.youarehealthyifcold-waterswimmingturnsyourskincoldorblue14.ThePolarBearsliketoswimalltheyearroundfor_______.A.theymightmeetfewertroublesinlifeB.theyfinditenjoyableandinterestingC.itisaneasywaytokeepthebodywarminwinterD.theycanremainyoung15.Thepassageismainlyabout_______.A.therequirementsofthePolarBearClubB.doctors'ideasaboutcold-waterswimmingC.thepolarbears'lifeinNewYorkD.agroupofcold-water-swimminglovers
Thereareseveraladvantagesinplantingtreestheyfirmthesoilsoak渗透upextrawaterandtakecarbondioxideoutoftheatmospherE.Howeveritnowturnsoutthatplantingtreescouldaddtoglobalwarming.Weallknowthattreerootsdoagreatjobofkeepingsoilfirmlyonthegroundandoutofthewind'spower.TheproblemisthatsomeofthedustcloudsplayanimportantpartinsoakingupcarbondioxidE.HugeduststormsblowoutovertheoceansfromdrypartsofNorthAfricaandCentralAsiA.TonsofdustareliftedandleftasathinfilmovertheoceansurfacE.DustfromChinaiscarriedeastandleftinthePacificOcean.Ifatreeplantingprogrammethereissuccessfulandthedustsupplyreducedthenetresultmaybethatlesscarbondioxidegetslockedawayintheocean.Andyanenvironmentalscientisthasspentthepastfewyearsstudyingdustandsayshisworkshowsclearlythecomplexityofthesystem.ForthisreasontheneedistofocusoncuttingcarbondioxidegivingoffratherthandoinganythingelsE.RobertanAmericanscientisthasshownthatwhennativegrasslandareasareinvadedbytreescarbonislostfromthesoil.Wearestudyingwhythesoilcarbondisappearsbutonetheoryisthattreesdoalotmoreoftheirgrowingabovegroundcomparedtograsssolesscarbongoesdirectlyintothesoilfromtrees.saidRobert.InwetareasoftheworldthegainfromtreesabsorbingcarbondioxideabovegroundseemstobeoutweighedbythelossofcarbonfromthesoilbelowgrounD.Countriesthatplantofightagainstglobalwarmingbyplantingtreesmayhavetothinkagain.SolutionstoenvironmentalproblemsareoftenmorecomplexthantheyfirstappearandunderstandingtheEarth'sclimateisaverygreatchallengE.60.Peopleusuallyholdtheopinionthat________.A.hugeduststormscandestroycarbondioxideB.plantingtreescouldreduceglobalwarmingC.hugeduststormscandestroytheoceansontheEarthD.plantingtreesistheonlywaytocontrolhugeduststorms61.Andyanenvironmentalscientistbelievesthat________.A.environmentalproblemsaremorecomplexthanexpectedB.treesshouldn'thavebeenplantedindryplacesC.dustplaysamoreimportantpartthantreesD.carbondioxideisharmfultoeverything62.Robert'sexperimentprovesthat________.A.treesabsorbmorecarbonthangrassB.carboncanturngrassintodustC.lesscarboncanmaketreesgrowfasterD.grasslandareasshouldbecoveredbyforests63.Thebesttitleforthispassageis________.A.TheimportanceofplantingtreesB.ThedustcloudssoakupcarbondioxideC.Isitreallyusefultoplanttreestoreduceglobalwarming?D.Whythesoilcarbondisappears
Earplugshavebeenthesimplebuteffectivewaytostopnoiseaffectingyourmindbuttheirshortcomingisthattheyalsoblockoutsoundsyoumaywantorneedtohearsuchasmusicorsomeonetalkingtoyou.Theanswertothisproblemisactivenoisecancellation抵消-headphonesthataremadeupofamicrophoneandelectronics电子装置thattakeallbackgroundlow-frequency低频率noiseturnthesoundwavesupsidedownandrebroadcastthemintoyourear.Theresultisthatalltheunwantednoisesaroundareblockedout.IneffectonesetofelectronicallyproducedsoundwavehassuckedawaytheunwantedsoundwavesofnoisE.Standnexttoabusyroadwearingthenoisecancellationheadphonesandthetrafficnoisedisappears.Sitinanairplaneandtheenginenoisediesaway.Inanoisyofficethenoiseofofficeequipmentpeopleandair-conditioningisgonE.Youcanstillhoweverhearmusicortalkwithpeoplebecausethatsounddoesnothavearegularpatternandsothedevice装置doesnotblockit.81.Whatisthebestwaytokeepouttheunwantednoise?A.Towearanearplug.B.TowearaheadphonE.C.TowearamicrophonE.D.Towearelectronics.82.Whichofthefollowinggivesageneralideaonhowtheabovedeviceworks?A.Byproducinglow-frequencysoundwavesandrebroadcastthem.B.Byproducingnewsoundwavestosuckawaytheunwantedsoundwaves.C.Bychangingallbackgroundlow-frequencynoiseintoanirregularpattern.D.Bysuckingawayallthelow-frequencysoundwavesturnedupsidedown.83.Supposeyouaredrivingyourfriendtotheairportandthecarradioisonwhatcan'tyouhearifyouwearaheadphone?A.TheradiomusicandthecarenginenoisE.B.Thenoiseoftheplanespassingoverheadandwhatyourfriendsays.C.Theradiomusicandwhatyourfriendsays.D.ThenoiseofthecarandtheplanespassingoverheaD.
ScientistSays‘No’toHumanCloningI’venevermetahumanworthcloningsayscloningexpertMarkWesthusinfromhislabatTexasA&MUniversity.It’sastupidendeavor.That’saninterestingchoiceofadjectivecomingfromamanwhohasspentmillionsofdollarstryingtoclonea13-year-olddognamedMissy.Sofarheandhisteamhavenotsucceededthoughtheyhaveclonedtwocowsandacat.TheyjustmightsucceedincloningMissysoon—orperhapsnotforanotherfiveyears.Westhusin'sexperiencewithcloninganimalsleaveshimupsetbyallthistalkofhumancloning.InthreeyearsofworkontheMissyprojectusinghundredsuponhundredsofdog'seggstheA&MteamhasproducedonlyadozenorsoembryoscarryingMissy'sDNA.Nonehavesurvivedthetransfertoasurrogate__的mother.Thewastageofeggsandthemanyspontaneouslyabortedfetuses胎maybeacceptablewhenyou'redealingwithcatsorbullshearguesbutnotwithhumans.Cloningisincrediblyinefficientandalsodangeroushesays.Evensodogcloningisacommercialopportunitywithaniceresearchpayoff.EversinceDollythesheepwasclonedin1997Westhusin'sphonehasbeenringingwithpeoplecallinginhopesofduplicatingtheircatsanddogscattleandhorses.AlotofpeoplewanttoclonepetsespeciallyifthepriceisrightsaysWesthusin.CostisnoobstacleforMissy'smysteriousbillionaireowner;he'sputup$3.7millionsofartofundA&M'sresearch.ContrarytosomemediareportsMissyisnotdeaD.TheownerwantsatwintocarryonMissy'sfinequalitiesaftershedoesdiE.Theprototype原型雏形isbyallaccountsathleticgood-naturedandsupersmart.Missy'smasterdoesnotexpectanexactcopyofher.Heknowsherclonemaynothavehertemperament气质性情.InastatementofpurposeMissy'sownerandtheA&MteamsaytheyarebothlookingforwardtostudyingthewaysthatherclonesdifferfromMissy.Besidescloningagreatdogtheprojectmaycontributeinsightintotheoldquestionofnaturevs.nurturE.Itcouldalsoleadtothecloningofspecialrescuedogsandmanyendangeredanimals.HoweverWesthusiniscautiousabouthiswork.Heknowsthatevenifhegetsadogpregnanttheoffspringshouldtheysurvivewillfacetheproblemsshownatbirthbyotherclonedanimals:abnormalitieslikeimmaturelungsandheartandweightproblems~WhywouldyoueverwanttoclonehumansWesthusinaskswhenwe'renotevenclosetogettingitworkedoutinanimalsyet?71.BystupidendeavorWesthusinmeanstosaythat________.A.animalcloningisnotworththeeffortatallB.animalcloningisabsolutelyimpracticalC.humancloningshouldbedoneselectivelyD.humancloningisafoolishundertaking72.WhatdoesthefirstparagraphtellusaboutWesthusin'sdogcloningproject?A.Itssuccessisalreadyinsight.B.Itsoutcomeremainsuncertain.C.ItisdoomedtoutterfailurE.D.Itisprogressingsmoothly.73.BycloningMissyMarkWesthusinhopesto________.A.studythepossibilityofcloninghumansB.searchforwaystomodifyitstemperamentC.examinethereproductivesystemofthedogspeciesD.findoutthedifferencesbetweenMissyanditsclones74.Welearnfromthepassagethatanimalclonesarelikelytohave________.A.abadtemperB.immunedeficiencyC.defective有缺陷的有毛病的organsD.anabnormalshape75.Itcanbeseenthatpresentcloningtechniques________.A.stillhavealongwaytogobeforereachingmaturityB.havebeenwidelyusedinsavingendangeredspeciesC.provideinsightintothequestionofnaturevs.nurtureD.haveprovedquiteadequateforthecloningofhumans
Copenhagenoneoftheworld’smostbicycle-friendlycitieshasbegunturningitsextensivenetworkofcyclepathsintobikehighwaysinanefforttopushmorecommuters上下班往返的人toleavetheircarsathomE.ConsideredoneofEurope’stwobicyclecapitalsalongwithAmsterdamCopenhagencountsmorebicyclesthanpeopleandcyclingissopopularthatitsnumerousbikepathscanbecomecongesteD.Two-wheelertrafficjamsareespeciallyregularonthemainNoerrebrogadethoroughfare大街usedbyaround36000cyclistsaday.Youhavetoelbowyourway挤过去togoforwardandsomecyclistsaren’talwaysthoughtfulcomplains22-year-olduniversitystudentLeaBresell.ThecreationofbikehighwayscomesrightontimesaysDanishCyclistFederationspokesmanFritsBredal.Copenhagen’sroadsareoverloadedwithpeoplewhowanttoridetheirbicyclesinallkindsofweatherhesays.Ifinthe1960sDanesviewedthecarasthesymboloffreedomthebicyclehasassumedthatroletodayBredalsays.It’sameansoftransportationusedbyallsocialclassesandevenpoliticiansridebikeshesays.ItisoncrowdedNoerrebrogade—thebusiestbicyclestreetinEurope—thatcityplannershavedecidedtobuildthefirstofCopenhagen’senvironmentallyfriendlystreets.Thejammedbikepathswillbewideneduptofourmetersoneithersideoftheroadwhichwillitselfbereservedforbusesonly.TheideaistomakeNoerrebrogadeEurope’sgreatcyclingstreetsaysAndreasRoehltheCopenhagencity’sbicycleprogrammanagerwhoisalsoknownasMisterBike.ButRoehlisnotcontentwithmakinglifeeasierforCopenhagen’sinnercitycyclists:Hewantstogetsuburbanites郊区居民outoftheircarsandontotwowheelsaswell.Hisgoalistoincreasethepercentageofsuburbancommuterscyclingtoandfromthecityfromthe33percentitistodaytomorethan50percentby2015.Withinthecity55percentofallcommutersalreadytravelbybikE.AlreadyCopenhagenstandsoutamongotherEuropeancapitalsforitscyclinginfrastructurecountingmorethan390kilometersofbikepaths.61.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Copenhagenisplanningtobuildbicycle-friendlyhighways.B.Copenhagenisplanningtobuildhighways.C.CopenhagenisoneofEurope’stwobicyclecapitals.D.Two-wheelertrafficjamsareespeciallycommoninCopenhagen.62.WhatdoesLeaBresellthinkofthepresentbiketrafficonthemainNoerrebrogadethoroughfare?A.pleasantB.TerribleC.CyclistsareconsiderateD.Bikepathsarenotmadefulluseof63.Wecaninferthat_______.A.mostofpeopleinCopenhagencan’taffordtobuycarsB.hikingisverycommoninCopenhagenC.carswillnotbeallowedtorunonthewidenedNoerrebrogadethoroughfareD.Noerrebrogadethoroughfarewillbedeserted64.HowdosuburbancommuterstraveltoandfromthecityinCopenhagenatpresent?A.MorethanhalfofthesuburbancommuterstravelbybikE.B.Almostallthesuburbancommuterstakebuses.C.Fewsuburbancommuterstravelbycar.D.AboutonethirdofthesuburbancommuterstravelbybikE.65.AccordingtothepassagewhatdoyouknowaboutCopenhagen?A.CopenhagenpossiblyhasthelongestamongEuropeancapitals.B.CopenhagenhasthelongesthistoryamongEuropeancapitals.C.CopenhagenhasthelargestpopulationamongEuropeancapitals.D.CopenhagenisthebiggestinsizeamongEuropeancapitals.
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