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Alice, my friend’s daughter, goes to an expensive private school where she has a friend, Jane, w...
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高中英语《2010-2011学年度江西省吉安一中第一学期高三开学模拟考试试卷》真题及答案
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Aliceisawhitedog.Sheistwo.Bobisabrowndog.BobandAli
__________bythequalityofthegoodsthatwereonsalemyfr
Being attracted
Attracted
To be attracted
Attracting
根据对话内容填上所缺单词短语或句子Alan:Hereisaphotoofmyfamily.Alice
DearRosePleasetakethesethingstoyoursisterAlicE.The
Myfriend’snameisAliceGreen.________familynameisGre
She
Her
His
My
TomHelloLiChen.Howareyou?LiChen___________________
DearRosePleasetakethesethingstoyoursisterAlicE.The
IhaveanicepicturE.Itisapictureofmyfamily.Thisismyg
DearRosePleasetakethesethingstoyoursisterAlicE.The
Thepostcardissentby______.
a friend of my sister
a friend of my sister's
my sister friend
my sister friend's
按要求完成下列句子每空一词1.GinadancesbetterthanAlicE.改为一般疑问句__
阅读理解Alice:GoodafternoonHelen!Helen:GoodafternoonAl
Thepostcardissentby
a friend of my sister
a friend of my sister's
my sister friend
my sister friend's
将下列句子改为同义句1.IgotaletterfrommyoldfriendlastSunday.I
阅读理解Hello！I'mAlicE.I'magirl.IhaveafrienD.Hernameis
ThisismyfamilytreE.Thesearemygrandparents.Theirnam
---HellomynameisAlice---.
Fine, thanks.
Hello, AlicE. My name is Lucy.
What’s your name?
Are you Alice?
Icameacrossa______onthestreetyesterdaymorning.
friend of my father's
friend of my father
my father's friend
father's friend
DearRosePleasetakethesethingstoyoursisterAlicE.The
阅读理解AliceisanEnglishgirl.Sheisanicegirlandsheismyg
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Iwassleepingforoveraweekafteratrafficaccident.Theonlysoundsthatcouldbeheardwerecomingfromthemachinesthatwere1mealive.Allmyfamilymemberswere2waystowakemeupfrommysilence.Gregmybrother–in–law3totakesomeofmysongsIhadrecentlyrecordedtoalocalradiostation4heexplainedaboutmyillness.Hetoldthemhewas5Icouldhearwhatwasgoingonaroundmeandthatheknewhavingmyownsongs6ontheradiohadbeenahugedreamofmine.Thiswoulddefinitely7meanddomorethananymedicineormachinecould.Theradiostationagreedtohelpandgavehimaspecificdateandtime8hecouldhavearadio9atmyhospitalbed.Greg’sdecisionhadfilledeveryonewith10andnowthemomentarrived.Nervousfromexpectationallmyfamilymembers11handsandwatchedovermehopingfora12.TheDJmadeapre–songannouncementaboutmy13tothegeneralaudienceandthenspokedirectlytome.Shellythisisforyou.Iwantyoutoreallylistennow.Thisisnotjust14songwe’replayingbutyourfamily’ssongofhope.AllofusatKKDJwishyouaspeedy15Everyoneintheroomheldtheirbreathandwatched16asthemusicbegan.Latertheyallwitnessedthetears17downmypalecheeks.ThoughstillnotawakeitwasobviousIheardmysong.Justafewdayslaterhopeturnedinto18.Ididinfactawake.Thoughnot19unscathed未受伤的Ididnotsufferfromthedisabilitiesthathadbeenpredicted.Hopeisthepartofusthatmakesuspickupthepiecesandtryagain.20hopewherewouldwebe?1.A.keepingB.remainingC.protectingD.saving2.A.sendingforB.makingforC.searchingforD.callingfor3.A.hesitatedB.refusedC.settledD.decided4.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when5.A.sureB.absoluteC.doubtfulD.determined6.A.performedB.playedC.doneD.acted7.A.approachB.fetchC.spreadD.reach8.A.nowthatB.inthatC.sothatD.suchthat9.A.byhandB.onhandC.onhishandsD.athishands10.A.amazementB.hopeC.possibilitiesD.scarce11.A.connectedB.combinedC.joinedD.took12.A.actionB.reactionC.performanceD.reflection13.A.mindB.sceneC.situationD.status14.A.Greg’sB.hisC.yourD.our15.A.concertB.recoveryC.rescueD.return16.A.anxiouslyB.assuredlyC.differentlyD.confidently17.A.fallingB.breakingC.streamingD.putting18.A.deedsB.doubtC.practiceD.reality19.A.completelyB.incompletelyC.normallyD.generally20.A.AtB.OfC.WithD.Without
TheUSANewYork—WhalesanddolphinsarefacingincreasingthreatsfromclimatechangeaccordingtoanewreportpublishedbyWWFandtheWhaleandDolphinConservationSocietyWDCS.ThereportWhalesinhotwater?drawsattentiontothegrowingimpactsofclimatechangeonwhales.Theyrangefromchangesinseatemperatureandthefresheningoftheseawaterbecauseofthemeltingoficeandincreasedrainfallstoasealevelriselossoficypolarhabitatsandthedeclineofkrillpopulationsinkeyareas.Krillatinyshrimpthatisdependentonseaiceisthemainsourceoffoodformanyofthegreatwhales.Thespeedingupofclimatechangeaddsgreatlytotroublefromotherhumanactivitiessuchaschemicalandnoisepollutionwhichkillssome1000whaleseveryday.WhalesanddolphinshaveanabilitytoadapttotheirchangingenvironmentsaidMarkSimmondsInternationalDirectorofScienceatWDCS.Buttheclimateisnowchangingatsuchafastpacethatitisuncleartowhatextentwhalesanddolphinswillbeabletoadjust.ClimatechangeimpactsarecurrentlygreatestintheArcticandtheAntarctic.Accordingtothereportcetaceansthatrelyonpolaricywatersfortheirhomeandfoodresourcesarelikelytobegreatlyaffectedbythereductionofseaicecover.WDCSandWWFareurginggovernmentstocutglobalproductionofC02byatleast50percentbythemiddleofthiscentury.ThelatestreportoftheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeshoweditwaspossibletostopglobalwarmingiftheworld'semissionsstarttodeclinebefore2015.1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantforwhalesanddolphins?A.RainfallB.KrillC.SeaicecoverD.Highsealevel2.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatwhalesmainlyfeedon_____.A.dolphinsB.krillC.seahorsesD.sharks3.TheunderlinedworddeclineinParagraph2means_____.A.increaseB.controlC.protectionD.fall4.Inwhatplaceisclimatechangegreatest?A.ThePacificOceanB.Asia.C.Twopolarareas.D.Equator.5.Whichofthefollowingisnotrightaccordingtothepassage?A.Climatechangewillleadtothechangesinseatemperature.B.Climatechangewillresultinthefresheningoftheseawater.C.Climatechangewillhaveabadeffectonhumanactivitiesandwhales.D.Humanbeingswillforeverhavenoabilitytostopglobalwarming.
Sometimespeoplecalleachotherscaredy-catbuthaveyoueverthoughtaboutthisexpression?Whenacatisfrighteneditsheartstartsbeatingfasteritsmusclesgettenseandtherearechangesinthechemicalsinitsblood-stream.Althoughthecatdoesn’trealizethisitsbodyisgettingreadyforaction.Ifthedangercontinuesthisanimalwilldooneofthetwothings.Itwilldefenditselforitwillrunawayasfastasitcan.Somethinglikethisalsohappenstopeople.Whenweareexcitedangryscaredorarousedbyotheremotionsourbodiesgothroughmanyphysicalchanges.Ourheartsbeatfasterandourmusclesgettense.Allofthesechangesmakeusmorealertandreadytoreact.Wetoogetreadytodefendourselvesorrun.Humanbeingshoweverhaveaproblemthatanimalsneverface.Ifwegivewaytoourfeelingswecangetintotrouble.Haveyoueversaidsomethinginanger—orhitsomebodyandregretteditlater?Haveyouevershoutedatateachertoldsomebodyyouwerelonelyorsaidyouwereinloveandthenwishedlateryouhadkeptyourmouthshut?Itisn’talwayswisetoexpressyourfeelingsfreely.Doesthismeanthatit’ssmarteralwaystohideourfeeling?No!Ifyoukeepfeelingsofangersadnessandbitternesshiddenawayorbottledupinsideyourbodystaystense.Physicalillnessescandevelopandyoucanfeelchurnedupinside.Itcanactuallybebadforyourhealth.Feelingthatyoukeepallbottledupinsidedon’tjustgoaway.It’sasifyouboughtsomebananasandstucktheminacupboard.Youmightnotbeabletoseethembutbeforelongyou’dsmellthem.Andifyouopenthecupboardchancesareyou’dseelittlefruitflieshoveringalloverthem.They’dberotten.Youcantrytotreatemotionsasiftheywerebananasinthecupboardyoucanhidethemandyoucanpretendtheydon’texistbutthey’llstillbearound.Andatlastyou’llhavetodealwiththemjustlikethosebananas.1.Itismentionedinthepassagethathumanbeingsgetintotroublebecausethey______.A.arenotasalertasanimalsB.sometimescan’tcontroltheirfeelingC.alwaysdosomethingwrongtootherpeopleD.don’tpayattentiontotheirphysicalchanges2.Theunderlinedwordschurnedupinthe5thparagraphmean_________.A.veryshockedB.beatenheavilyC.veryfrightenedD.disturbedbadly3.Theauthorwantstotellusinthelasttwoparagraphsthat_________.A.you’llnotcompletelygetawayfromyourfeelingsB.youshouldtreatemotionsasbananasinacupboardC.feelingwillgraduallydisappearwhenyouholdtheminD.itisgoodforyourhealthtokeeppleasantfeelingsinside4.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinorderto_________.A.tellusthatitisn’tgoodtokeepfeelingsinsideB.giveussomeadviceonhowtoexpressourfeelingsC.makeusdealwithfeelingsinawisewayD.makeusknowthatitisn’talwayswisetoexpressourfeelingsfreely
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WhenIwasbornmyparentsimmediatelynoticedsomethingwrong.Myfeetweredeformed畸形的pointinginwardandcurlingunder.Iworecasts石膏andfootbraces支架inmyfirsttwoyearstocorrecttheproblem.YetIlearnedtobalanceandwalkincasts.SoonafterthelastsetofcastscameoffMomsentmetodanceclassesforthepurposeofcuringmyfeet.IhoweverquicklydecidedtotrysomethingelsE.Notfarfrommyhousewasanicerink溜冰场inthemall.Therelocalskaterswouldperformiceshows.Iwantedtotryskating.Istartedtakinggroupskatinglessons.Performingonicecamenaturally.Formeskatinghasneverbeenaboutbeatingothers.It’sbeenaboutbeingmypersonalbest.Iprogressedthroughvariouslevelsrapidlyandgavemyfirsticeperformanceatageseven.SoonIstartedwinninglocalandregionalcompetitions.That’sbecausebeingontheicehasalwaysbeentheoneplaceIcantrulyexpressmyemotions.TheiceislikehomE.IbeganseriouslytrainingwhenIwasnineyearsolD.Aftergraduatingfromgirls’highschoolImovedtoCanadA.SayinggoodbyetomyfamilyandfriendsmademehomesickbutIknewdeepdownthatIhadtoleaveandtrainfull－timetogivemydreamsachanceatreality.IwenttocompeteintheOlympicGamesin1992.IwasthefirstofthefinalsixskatersontheicE.MylongperformancestartedwellbutIslippedwhilelandingoneofmyeasiesttriplejumpsandmyhandtouchedtheicE.Ididn’twanttomaketwomistakesinarowsonextIdidajumpwithjusttwospinstoplayitsafE.AsInearedtheendIhadonemorejump.Ilandeditperfectly.WhenmedalswereawardedIfoundmyselfonthetopstepthegoldhangingaroundmyneckandAmerica’snationalanthemplaying.Wordscan’tdescribetheoverwhelmingmixtureofemotionsIfelt.1.Theauthorwassenttodanceclassesto________.A.meetherinterestB.improveherdancingskillsC.helptreatherfeetD.prepareherforskating2.WhentheauthorsaysTheiceislikehomeshereallymeansshe________.A.canexpressherselfthroughherperformanceoniceB.canbeatothersinlocalandregionalcompetitionsC.canovercomeherdifficultyinwalkingD.hasrealizedherdreamtoperformonice3.TheauthormovedtoCanadaaftergraduatingfromgirls’highschoolbecause________.A.shecouldgetbettertreatmentofherfeetthereB.shewoulddofull－timetrainingthereC.thatwaswheretheOlympicswouldholdD.shewantedtohavefurtherstudythere4.Whatdowelearnabouttheauthor’sperformanceinthe1992OlympicGames?A.ShecompleteditwithoutanymistakE.B.Shemadeonemistakeonthefinallanding.C.ShediditquitewellexceptforonemistakE.D.ShemademorethanonemistakE.5.Byherownexperiencetheauthorintendstotellus________.A.wecanrealizeourdreamifwehavethecouragetopursueitB.eventhedisabledcantakepartintheOlympicGamesC.sportscanhelppeoplehealbothbodyandmindD.sportseventsarenotaboutwinningonly
MyteenagesonKarlbecamewithdrawnafterhisfatherdied.AsasingleparentItriedtodomybesttotalktohim.ButthemoreItriedthemorehepulledaway.Whenhisreportcardarrivedduringhisjunioryearitsaidthathehadbeenabsent95timesfromclassesandhadsixfallinggradesfortheyear.Atthisratehewouldnevergraduate.IsenthimtotheschooladviserandIevenbeggedhim.Nothingworked.OnenightIfeltsopowerlessthatIgotdownonmykneesandpleadedforhelp.PleaseGodIcan’tdoanythingmoreformyson.I’mattheendofmyrope.I’mgivingthewholethinguptoyou.IwasatworkwhenIgotaphonecall.Amanintroducedhimselfastheheadmaster.IwanttotalktoyouaboutKarl’sabsences.BeforehecouldsayanotherwordIchokedupandallmydisappointmentandsadnessoverKarlcamepouringoutintotheearsofthisstranger.IlovemysonbutIjustdon’tknowwhattodo.I’vetriedeverythingtogetKarltogobacktoschoolandnothinghasworked.It’soutofmyhands.Foramomenttherewassilenceontheotherendoftheline.TheheadmasterseriouslysaidThankyouforyourtimeandhungup.Karl’snextreportcardshowedamarkedimprovementinhisgrades.Finallyheevenmadethehonorroll.InhisfourthyearIattendedaparent-teachermeetingwithKarl.Inoticedthathisteacherswereastonishedatthewayhehadturnedhimselfaround.OnourwayhomehesaidMumrememberthatcallfromtheheadmasterlastyear?Inodded.Thatwasme.IthoughtI’dplayajokebutwhenIheardwhatyousaiditreallyhitmehowmuchIwashurtingyou.That’swhenIknewIhadtomakeyouproud.1.BysayingKarlbecamewithdrawntheauthormeansthattheboychangedentirelyand.A.preferredtostayaloneathomeB.lostinterestinhisstudiesC.refusedtotalktoothersD.begantodislikehismother2.Therewassilenceontheotherendofthelinebecause.A.thespeakerwastoomovedtosayanythingtothemotherB.thespeakerwaitedforthemothertofinishspeakingC.thespeakerdidn’twantthemothertorecognizehisvoiceD.thespeakerwasunabletointerruptthemother3.Thesentenceheevenmadethehonorrollmeansthat.A.hewasevenonthelisttobepraisedattheparent-teachermeetingB.hewasevenonthelistofstudentswhomadeprogressingradesC.hewasevenonthelistofstudentswhohadturnedthemselvesaroundD.hewasevenonthelistofthebeststudentsatschool4.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Childreninsingle-parentfamiliesoftenhavementalproblems.B.Mother’sloveplaysanimportantroleinteenagers’life.C.Beingunderstoodbyparentsisveryimportanttoteenagers.D.Schooleducationdoesn’tworkwithoutfullsupportfromparents.
Babiesarebornyogis.Oncewewereallabletopullourtoesupbyourearsandlaughaboutit.Thenweagedgotinjuredandbegancarryingstressinourshouldersandback.Inshortwelostourbalance.Yoga瑜伽isanancientpracticethathelpscreateasenseofunioninbodymindandspirit.Itbringsusbalance.IwasseriouslyoutofbalancewhenIstartedpracticingyogain1999.Ihadplantarfascitis足底筋膜炎inbothfeetandmydoctorhadwarnedmeagainstallthethingsIlovedtodo:walkinghikingandplayingtennis.Iwasdesperateforexercise.Yogabecamemysalvation拯救andevenenhancedmyotherfitnessactivities.IpracticeyogaatleasttwiceaweekbutIconsideryogatobepartofmydailylifebecauseafterawhileyounolongerjustpracticeyoga—youloveit.Yogabecomespartofyourphysicallife.Yourbodygrowsstrongermoretonedandmoreflexibleasyoumovefromoneposetotheother.IspentaweekinMexicoatayogaretreat静修anditwasthefirstvacationonwhichIlostweight.RatherthanbuildingmuscleyogabuildsmuscletonesaysShaktaKaurKhalsaauthoroftheK..I..S..S..GuidetoYoga.Becauseyogahelpsmaintainabalancedmetabolism新陈代谢italsohelpstoregulateweight.Additionallyyogastretchesmuscleslengthwisecausingfattoberemovedaroundthecells.Idoyogaposesthroughouttheday.AfterhoursatmycomputerIstretchmystiffshouldersandarms.WhenIneedaboostofenergyIdoenergizingposes.WhenIamfeelingexhaustedattheendofthedayIdorestorativeposes.Yogabecomespartofyourmentallife.Yogateachesyoutofocusonbreathingwhileyouholdtheposes.Thisattentiontobreathiscalming;itdissolvesstressandanxiety.Iuseyogicbreathingonthetenniscourtsinthedentist’schairandintrafficjams.Youshouldalwaysleaveayogapracticefeelingenergizednottired.Ifyoufeeltiredafteryogaitmeansyouspentthetimefightingyourselftryingtoforceyourselfintoposes.Inyogayousurrendertotheposebylettinggoofthetension.Yogabecomespartofyourspirituallife.Yogaispracticedbypeoplefromallreligions;itisnotrestrictedtoanyreligiousgroup.Yogateachesrightlivinginhowwedealwithourselvesandothers.AsIworkonadifficultposeIlearnpatienceforgivenessandthevalueofgentleness.Yogaadvocatespropereatingbutyoudon’thavetobeavegetariantopracticeyoga.1.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.What’sYoga?B.HowIDoYogaPosesC.TheBenefitsofYogaD.TheVarietiesofYoga2.Accordingtothethirdparagraphyogacanhelppeople__________.A.growtallerB.loseweightC.becomeflexibleinthinkingD.makemorefriends3.Peoplefeeltiredafteryogabecause__________.A.theyconsumeenergyinpracticingyogaB.theyrespondwelltoyogaposesC.theyspendtoomuchtimeonyogaD.theyforcethemselvesintoyogaposes4.Ifthispassagecontinueswhatwillthewritermostprobablywriteaboutinthenextparagraph?A.Yogaasameanstokeepfit.B.Differentyogaposes.C.Popularityofyogaallovertheworld.D.Encouragingpeopletodoyoga.
Departmentstoressellready-to-wearclothingwhichisalsocalledready-madeclothing.Suchclothingismadeinfixedsizes.Thosepeoplewhofindthatready-madeclothingfitsthemwellcansavemoneybybuyingit.Mostoftenpeopledonotfitexactlyintoaproducer’ssize.Theirclothingmustbealtered改变tomakeitfitbetter.Howevermostalterationsarenotveryexpensive.Thesmallcostofmostalterationsmeansthatready-madeclothingcanmeettheneedsofmostcustomers.Thosewhocanafforditoftengetsomeonetodesignandmaketheirclothing.Suchclothingiscalledcustom-made.Thepersonwhomakeitmeasuresthecustomerandthensewsitsothatitfitsperfectly.Alterationsarenotneeded.Custom-madeclothingislargelysewnbyhandhasbetterqualitybettermaterialandisofthestyleyouhavechosen.Ofcourseitcostsmuchmorethanready-to-wearclothing.Youneedtopaythedifferenceforthespecialfittingandbetterskillthatyouarereceiving.Thisoftenmeansthatyouspenddoubleormorethanyouwouldforaready-madegarment衣服Custom-madeclothingisnotalwaysthatmuchbetterthanready-madeclothing.Itcostmorepartlybecauseonlyonegarmenthasbeenmadejustforyou.Companiesthatproduceready-madeproductsmakethousandsofgarmentsatatime.Thismeanstheycanbuylargequantitiesofmaterial.Workerscuteachsizebythehundreds.Companiesworkoutwaystomakethegarmentsquicklybymachineandpayworkersaccordingtotheirskill.Thustheycansellthefinishedproductsatalowpricewhilestillmakingmoney.MostoftheclothingsoldintheUnitedStatesismadeinthisway.Customersgainfromthelowerpriceswhicharemadepossiblebymassproduction.Itmayormaynotgivethemhighquality.1.Accordingtothepassagepeoplewhobuyready-madeclothing_____.A.wishtomakealterationsB.canfitintothesizesC.wanttomakeitbetterD.willspendlessmoney2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatcustom-madeclothingis______.A.speciallymadeB.fashionablydesignedC.chosenbyfewpeopleD.madewithdifficulties3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutready-madeclothing?A.Itisofpoorquality.B.Itsuitsallpeople.C.Ittakesmoretimetomakeit.D.Itislabor-savingtomakeit.4.Thepurposeofthewriteris______.A.toexplainwhycustom-madeclothingcostsmoreB.toshowtheadvantagesofmassproductionC.toprovideinformationaboutdifferentkindsofclothingD.totellreadershowtomakemoneyfromready-madeclothing.
WhenIcomeacrossagoodarticleinreadingnewspapersIoftenwanttocutandkeepit.ButjustasIamabouttodosoIfindthearticleonthe1sideisasmuchinteresting.Itmaybeadiscussionofthewayto2ingoodhealthor3abouthowtobehaveandconductoneselfinsociety.IfIcutthefrontarticletheoppositeoneislikelyto4damageleavingouthalfofitorkeepingthetext5thetitle.Thereforethescissorswould6beforetheystart7halfwaydonewhenIfindoutthe8result.Sometimestwothingsaretobedoneatthesametimebothworthyour9.Youcanonlytakeuponeofthemtheotherhastowaitorbe10up.Butyouknowthefutureisunpredictable--thechangedsituationmaynotallowyoutodowhatisleft11.Thusyouare12inadifficultpositionandfeelsad.How13thatnicechancesandbrilliantideasshouldgatheraroundallatonce?Itmayhappenthatyourlife14greatlyonyourpreferenceofonechoicetotheother.Infactthatiswhat15islike:weareoften16withthetwooppositesidesofathingwhicharebothdesirablelikeanewspapercutting.Itoftenoccursthatourattentionisdrawntoonethingonly17wegetintoanother.The18maybemoreimportantthanthelatterandgiverisetoadividedmind.I19rememberaphilosopher'sremarks:Whenonedoorshutsanotheropensinlife.Soacasual20maynotbeabadone.1.A.frontB.sameC.eitherD.opposite2.A.getB.keepC.leadD.bring3.A.adviceB.newsC.atheoryD.areport4.A.sufferB.reduceC.preventD.cause5.A.onB.forC.withoutD.off6.A.useB.handleC.prepareD.stay7.A.orB.butC.soD.for8.A.satisfyingB.regretfulC.surprisingD.impossible9.A.courageB.strengthC.attentionD.patience10.A.givenB.heldC.madeD.picked11.A.nearB.aloneC.aboutD.behind12.A.filledB.attractedC.caughtD.struck13.A.daresB.comesC.dealsD.does14.A.improvesB.changesC.progressesD.goes15.A.studyB.societyC.natureD.life16.A.facedB.suppliedC.connectedD.fixed17.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.as18.A.followingB.nextC.aboveD.former19.A.stillB.alsoC.onceD.almost20.A.treatmentB.actionC.choiceD.remark
Ifwomenaremercilesslyexploited剥削yearafteryeartheyhaveonlythemselvestoblame.Becausetheytrembleatthethoughtofbeingseeninpublicinclothesthatareoutoffashiontheyarealwaystakenadvantageofbythedesignersandthebigstores.Clotheswhichhavebeenwornonlyafewtimeshavetobeputasidebecauseofthechangeoffashion.Changingfashionsarenothingmorethantheintentionalcreationofwaste.Manywomenspendlargesumsofmoneyeachyeartoreplaceclothesthathavehardlybeenworn.Womenwhocannotaffordtothrowawayclothinginthiswaywastehoursoftheirtimechangingtheirold-fashioneddresses.Skirtsarelengthenedorshortened;neck-linesareloweredorraisedandsoon.Noonecanclaimthatthefashionindustrycontributesanythingreallyimportanttosociety.Fashiondesignersarerarelyconcernedwithnecessarythingslikewarmthcomfortanddurability耐用.Theyareonlyinterestedinoutwardappearanceandtheytakeadvantageofthefactthatwomenwillputupwithanyamountofdiscomfortaslongastheylookright.Therecanhardlybeamanwhohasn'tatsometimeinhislifesmiledatthesightofawomanshakinginathindressonawinterdayorpickingherwaythroughdeepsnowinhighheeledshoes.Whencomparingmenandwomeninthematteroffashiontheconclusionstobedrawnareobvious.Dotheconstantlychangingfashionsofwomen'sclothesonewondersreflectbasicqualitiesofinconstancyandinstability?Menaretooclevertoletthemselvesbecheatedbyfashiondesigners.Dotheirunchangingstylesofdressreflectbasicqualitiesofstabilityandreliability稳定耐用?Thatisforyoutodecide.1.Designersandbigstoresalwaysmakemoney_________.A.bymercilesslyexploitingwomenworkersintheclothingindustryB.becausetheyarecapableofpredictingnewfashionsC.byconstantlychangingthefashionsinwomen'sclothingD.becausetheyattachgreatimportancetoqualityinwomen'sclothing2.Tothewriterthefactthatwomenchangetheirold-fashioneddressesisseenas___________.A.awasteofmoneyB.awasteoftimeC.anexpressionoftasteD.anexpressionofcreativity3.Newfashionsinclothingarecreatedfor___________.A.thecommercialexploitationofwomenB.thewomen'sstrengthofcharacterC.basicqualitiesofinconstancyandinstabilityD.animportantcontributiontosociety4.BysayingtheconclusionstobedrawnareobviousLineOnetoLineTwoParagraphFourthewritermeansthat___________.A.women'sinconstancyintheirchoiceofclothingisoftenlaughedatB.womenarebetterabletoputupwithdiscomfortC.menarealsoexploitedgreatlybyfashiondesignersD.menaremorereasonableinthematteroffashion
WhileattendingaconferenceIreturnedtomymotelroomlateonerainyevening.Theoverheadlightoutsidemydoorwas1andIhaddifficultyfindingthekeyhole.WhenIfinally2toopenthedoorI3aroundthewallforalightswitch.Ifounda4whereaswitchwasonceinstalledbutnoswitch.NodiscouragedeasilyIrememberedseeinga5bythebedwhenIputawaymyluggage6intheday.IfoundthebedinthedarkandfeltarounduntilIfoundthelampbutwhenIswitchediton7happened!Nowwhat?ThoughIknewthatitwasdarkoutsidemywindow8theoutdoorlightwasburnedoutIthoughtthat9ifIopenedthecurtainsImightbeabletousethelightfromthe10tofindanotherlamp.SoI11mywayslowlyacrosstheroomtothecurtainsandnodraw-string!Ifinallystumbled跌跌撞撞arounduntilIfoundadesklampthatactually12!ThateveningIdiscoveredinawholenewwayjusthowdarktheworldcanbeandhownecessary13is.Butevenmorenecessarythan14lightisthelightthatshinesfrompeople----thelightoflovesympathyand15.Becauseformanypeopletheworldisadarkand16place.Itistheshiningthatisimportantforsomeonetodayjustmaybestumblingindiscouragementorfearandin17ofsomelight.Soletyourlightshine.Whateverlightyou18maybeabeacon灯塔ofhopeandencouragementinsomeone’sdarkness.Andifyoufeelthatyourlightis19acandleinaforestrememberthis----thereisn’tenoughdarknessintheworldto20thelightofonesmallcandle.1.A.burningB.brokenC.shiningD.disappeared2.A.managedB.attemptedC.succeededD.meant3.A.touchedB.turnedC.feltD.looked4.A.lightB.plateC.lampD.signal5.A.lampB.switchC.deskD.window6.A.laterB.earlierC.soonerD.first7.A.somethingB.everythingC.nothingD.anything8.A.whenB.unlessC.sinceD.although9.A.certainlyB.surelyC.absolutelyD.perhaps10.A.starsB.streetC.roomD.shop11.A.forcedB.struggledC.madeD.pushed12.A.workedB.failedC.didD.closed13.A.loveB.thinkingC.dreamD.light14.A.spiritualB.physicalC.mentalD.inner15.A.faithB.soulC.helpD.attention16.A.mixedB.fancyC.lonelyD.complicated17.A.lackB.needC.favorD.face18.A.devoteB.receiveC.offerD.throw19.A.onlyB.eventC.everD.much20.A.giveoutB.leaveoutC.takeoutD.putout
Wecanachieveknowledgeeitheractivelyorpassively.Weachieveitactivelybydirectexperiencebytestingandprovinganideaorbyreasoning.Weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeoneelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVorreadnewspapersormagazinesispassive.Conditionedaswearetopassivelearningit’snotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco-workers.Unfortunatelypassivelearninghasaseriousproblem.Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsayandrumor.DidyoueverplaythegameRumor?Itbeginswhenonepersonwritesdownamessagebutdoesn’tshowittoanyone.Thenthepersonwhispersitwordforwordtoanotherperson.Thatpersoninturnwhispersittostillanotherandsoonthroughallthepeopleplayingthegame.Thelastpersonwritesdownthemessagewordforwordasheorshehearsit.Thenthetwowrittenstatementsarecompared.Typicallytheoriginalmessagehaschanged.That’swhathappensindailylife.Thesimplefactthatpeoplerepeatastoryintheirownwordschangesthestory.Thentoomostpeoplelistenimperfectly.Andmanyenjoyaddingtheirowncreativetouchtoastorytryingtoimproveonitstamping打上标记itwiththeirownpersonalstyleYetthosewhohearitthinktheyknow.Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors:A.statementofopinionbyonewritermaybere-statedasafactbyanotherwhomayinturnbequotedbyyetanother;andthisprocessmaycontinueunlessitoccurstosomeonetoquestionthefactsonwhichtheoriginalwriterbasedhisopinionortochallengetheinterpretationheplaceduponthosefacts.1.Accordingtothepassagepassivelearningmayoccurin_____.A.doingamedicalexperimentB.solvingamathproblemC.visitinganexhibitionD.doingscientificreasoning2.TheunderlinedworditinParagraph2refersto______.A.activelearningB.knowledgeC.communicationD.passivelearning3.TheauthormentionsthegameRumortoshowthat______.A.amessagemaybechangedwhenbeingpassedonB.amessageshouldbedeliveredindifferentwaysC.peoplemayhaveproblemswiththeirsenseofhearingD.peopletendnottobelieveinwhattheyknowasrumor4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Activelearningislessimportant.B.Passivelearningmaynotbereliable.C.Activelearningoccursmorefrequently.D.Passivelearningisnotfoundamongscholars.
Americanpilotsuseenemytactics战术flyF-5ETigerspaintedtolooklikeMigsandlineotherAmericanplanesupinthecrossairsoftheirweapons.OperationRedFlagisatrainingprogramoperatedbytheUSAirForceatNellinAirForceBaseinNevadawherepilotsfromallovertheUnitedStatescometocompletetheirtrainingortotakerefreshercourseaseachdayimitated模仿battlesareperformedhighovertheNevadadesert.TraineesinAmericanplanestryhardtofightofftheplanesfromtheOperationRedsquadron中队.OnlythebestpilotsflytheRedFlagplanes.TheF-5EwaschosenbecauseitlooksandperformslikeaRussianfightertheMig.ThepilotsintheseplaneshavegonethroughextensivetrainingtoenablethemtoimitateRussianpilots.TheyreadtheRussiannewspapers;theirbriefingroomhasRussianpicturesonthewalls;thepilotslearnhowRussianpilotsgrowuphowtheyaretrainedhowtheythinkandintheirplanesflyingoverwoodenmodelsofRussiantanksandtruckstheyflylikeRussianpilots.Aftereachday'sbattleisovertheylecturethenewpilotsabouttheday'sfailuresorsuccessandaboutRussiantactics.UntilOperationRedFlagbeganAmericanpilotsfinishedtheirtrainingbyperformingbattlesagainstotherAmericanpilots.Butenemypilotsusedifferenttacticsrelyingonradarratherthansighttospottheenemy.NowthetrainingofAmericanpilotsismuchmorerealistic.Computersandguncamerasrecordthebattlesforlateranalysis.Nowapilotcanflyagainstanenemyandhaveachancetolearnhismistakes—beforethemistakeshavebecomeveryserious.1.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat_________.A.severalpilotsinOperationRedFlaghavebeenkilledbecausetheymademistakesB.mostofthetimearrangedforOperationRed-FlagisspentinlectureC.RussianprovidesasimilarprogramforRussianpilotsinAmericantacticsD.OperationRedFlagtriestomaketheprogramasrealisticaspossible2.Thepassagesuggeststhat__________.A.fundsforOperationRedFlaghavebeencutbacksincetheendofthecoldwarB.theAirForceacceptonlyformerRussianpilotsforOperationRedFlagC.classroomtrainingandbasicflyinglessonsarenotenoughtoprepareapilotforbattleD.RussianpilotsarebetterfightersthanAmericanpilots3.Themainideaofthepassageisthat__________.A.learningtoflyRussianMigswasnecessaryforAmericanpilotsB.AmericanpilotsweretrainedinimitatedbattlesC.theRussianAirForcetrainsitspilotswellD.RussianpilotsflydifferentlyfromAmericanpilots
FreshmeneagertogethomefortheChineseNewYearqueueupattherailwaystationforhours.Dayslatertheysqueezeintoacrowdedtrainanddreamofthehome-cookedmealsandlovethey'llenjoyoncetheyarrivehome.ThistheysaymakesallthetroubleofgettinghomeworthwhilE.Howevermanyfreshmencometofindthathomeisnotexactlyhowtheyrememberedit.Livingawayfromtheirparentshasexposedthemtoanewlifeoffreedom–onethatwithinhoursofarrivingsomebegintomiss.Householdchores家务活andcomplainingparentsarejustafewofthethingsthatcanruinstudents'winterfantasies.MyparentsstilltreatmelikeIwasinseniorhighSongYinga19-year-oldfreshmanatShandongUniversitycomplained.Igetanearfulfromthemeveryday.DuringherfirsttermawayfromherHubeihomeSongmissedeverything–fromherparentscookingtothecitybus.Shecriedandachedtosleepinherownbed.Souponfinishingherexamsshefledhomethinkingeverythingwouldbejustasitusedtobe.Butshewaswrong.Nowshespendsentiredaysatafriend'shometoavoidalltherestrictions.Shelogsonlinetoupdatefriends'profileonSNSskipsmealsandsleepsin–justlikeshedidoncampus.ThingshavebeeneventenserathomeforLuoRuiqia19-year-oldfreshmanatBeijingJiaotongUniversity.Insteadofmovingtoafriend'shousethoughhehasdecidedtochallengehisparents'rulesforhisrighttobeanadultathome.WhentheycomplainedabouttheamountoftimehespentinthetoiletLuosaidhedecidedenoughisenoughandlosthistemper.Hefeelsguiltyabouthisattitudebuthestillarguesthatheisgrownupenoughtolivebyhisownrules.IjustwanttolivemyownwayoflivingwhereverIamsaidLuo.RecentgraduateslikeWangKaiknowwhatSongandLuoaregoingthrough.ButWangwhograduatedin2008andnowworksinBeijingsaysstudentsshouldvaluethetimespentwiththeirfamilyandjusttrytobenicer.Wangsaysheactedthesamewaywhenhefirstreturnedhomefromcollegebutnowliving1500kmawayfromhishometowninHunanheregretshisbehavior.Herealizesthathisparentsmeantwell.Andlookingbackhesaysthatthewayoflivingthatwegotusedtooncampusisnotthathealthyanyway.Parentsmeanwhilearemoreunderstandingthanyoumightthink.Livingontheirowninastrangeplacecanbehard–we'vebeentherebeforesaidLuo'sfather.Wewanttomakesurethattheyarehealthyandhappy.Sometimesmaybewejustworrytoomuch.Asforthetensionthat'sarisenbetweenfatherandsonLuoseniorlaughedandsaidIt'snotaproblematall–he'smyson;weworkthingsoutalways.1.Havingreadthepassagewecaninferthathomeisnowanformostfreshmen.A.birdcageB.paradiseC.temporarystationinlifeD.openhouse2.WhyarethingseventenserathomeforLuoRuiqiduringtheChineseNewYear?A.Hehastospendentiredaysatafriend'shometoavoidalltherestrictions.B.HehasdecidedtogoagainsthisparentsforhisrighttobeanadultathomE.C.Hefeelsguiltyabouthisattitudetowardshisparents.D.Hehaswastedmuchmoneyhisparentsgavetohim.3.Accordingtothetextthereexistsamainproblembetweenparentsandchildrenthat.A.parentswanttobringtheirchildrenundercontrolasbeforE.B.childrenlookdownuponwhattheirparentsalwaysdo.C.theirwayoflifeisapparentlydifferentnow.D.theyarealwaysmisunderstandingeachother.4.Whothetextimpliesismainlyresponsibleforthebadparent-childrelationship?A.parentsB.socialchangesC.professorsD.freshmen5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthe2ndparagraphprobablymean?A.learnalotB.receivemuchpunishmentC.getascoldingD.haveanarrowescape
HundredsofpeoplelinedupatGrandCentralTerminalyesterdaybuttheyweren’ttheretocatchatrain.TheycametoNewYorkCity’sfamousrailroadstationtotradeinolddollarbillsforthenewGeorgeWashingtonPresidential$1coin.Thegold-coloredcoinisthefirstinanewseriesbytheU..S..Mint造币厂thathonorsformerU..S..Presidents.TheMintwillissue发行fourPresidential$1coinsayearthrough2016.Likethepopular50StateQuartersprogramwhichissuescoinsintheorderinwhicheachstatejoinedtheUnionPresidential$1coinswillcomeoutintheorderinwhicheachPresidentserved.TheGeorgeWashingtoncoinisthefirsttobereleased.JohnAdamsThomasJeffersonandJamesMadisoncoinswillcomeoutlaterthisyear.ThePresidential$1coinswillbethesamesizeandcolorastheSacagaweaGoldenDollar.Howeverthereisanimportantdifference.Forthefirsttimesincethe1930sthereisaninscription题字ontheedgeofeachcoin.EachcoinwillshowadifferentPresidentonitsfaceorheadside.ItwillalsoshowthePresident’snametheorderinwhichheservedandhisyearsinoffice.TheothersideofthecoinwillshowtheStatueofLibertyandtheinscriptionsUnitedStatesofAmericaand$1.TherewillbeonePresidential$1coinforeachPresidentexceptGroverCleveland.Hewillhavetwo!ClevelandistheonlyU..S..Presidenttohaveservedtwononconsecutive不连续的terms.ThelastPresidentscheduledtogetacoinisGeraldFordbecauseaPresidentmusthavebeendeadfortwoyearsbeforehecanbeonacoin.1.Whydidpeoplelineupattherailwaystation?A.Tobooktraintickets.B.Toexchangemoney.C.Tovisitacoinshow.D.Tovisitthestationitself.2.InwhichorderwillthePresidential$1coinscomeout?A.EachstatejoinedtheUnion.B.EachPresidentwasborn.C.EachPresidenttookoffice.D.EachPresidentdied.3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.therearenowordsontheSacagaweaGoldenDollarB.thenewcoincanbuymorethantheoldcoinC.thenewcointakesonawhitecolourD.theSacagaweaGoldenDollarisbigger4.WhywillGroverClevelandhavetwocoins?A.HeservedlongerthananyotherPresident.B.HeisthemostfamousPresidentintheU..S..C.Heistheonlyonewhohasservedtwoterms.D.Heservedtwotermsbutnotcontinuously.5.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Presidential$1coinissued.B.DifferentwaystohonorPresidents.C.ThedifferencesbetweenPresidential$1coinandothercoins.D.Collectionsofolddollarbills.
Inthediningroomofmygrandfather'shousestoodagiantgrandfatherclock.Mealsinthatdiningroomwereatimeforfourgenerationstobecomeone.Thetablewasalwaysspreadwithfoodcontainingloveasthemainingredient.Andthatgrandfatherclockstoodlikeanoldfamilyfriendwatchingoverthelaughterthatwasapartofourlives.Asachildtheoldclockfascinatedme.Iwatchedandlistenedtoitduringmeals.Evenmorewonderfultomewasmygrandfather'sroutine.Hewound上发条thatclockwithaspecialkeycarefullyeachday.Thatkeywasmagictome.Itkeptourfamily'smagnificentclocktickingandchiming.Irememberwatchingasmygrandfathertookthekeyfromhispocketandopenedthehiddendoorintheclock.Heinsertedthekeyandwound—nottoomuchnortoolittle.Heneverletthatclockwinddownandstop.Heshowedusgrandchildrenhowtoopenthedoorandletuseachtaketurnswindingthekey.IrememberthefirsttimeIdiditIwassoexcitedtobepartofthisfamilyroutine.AftermygrandfatherdieditwasdaysafterthefuneralbeforeIrememberedtheclock!Mama!Theclock!We'veletitwinddown.ThetearsflowedfreelywhenIenteredthediningroom.Theclockstoodtherequiet.Itevenseemedsmallerwithoutmygrandfather'sspecialtouch.Sometimelatermygrandmothergavemetheclockandthekey.Theoldhousewasquiet.Nolaughteroverthedinnertablenotickingorchimingoftheclock—allwasstill.Itookthekeyinmyshakinghandandopenedtheclockdoor.AllofasuddenIwasachildagainwatchingmygrandfatherwithhissilver-whitehairandblueeyes.Hewastherewinkingatmeatthesecretoftheclock'smagicatthekeythatheldsomuchpower.Istoodlostinthemomentforalongtime.ThenslowlyandcarefullyIinsertedthekeyandwoundtheclock.Itcamebacktolife.Tick-tocktick-tocklifeandchimeswerebreathedintothediningroomintothehouseandintomyheart.Inthemovementofthehandsoftheclockmygrandfatherlivedagain.1.Whydoesthewritersaythetablewasalwaysspreadingwithfoodcontainingloveasthemainingredient?A.Thefoodwasdeliciousandtasty.B.ThemealwasmadebyhisdeargrandparentsC.Thewholefamilytalkedabouttheloveofeachotherovermeals.D.FourgenerationslivedjoyfullyandharmoniouslytobecomeonE.2.BydescribingGrandfather’sroutineindetailinthe2ndparagraphthewriterexpresses.A.It’stroublesometomaketheclockwork.B.It’safantasticthingtoplaywiththeclock.C.HegreatlymisseshislategrandfatherD.Hisgrandfatherhadapreferencefortheclock.3.Whatkindsofmoodareshownintheessay?A.SadandhopefulB.desperateandhopefulC.Heart-brokenandhopelessD.cheerfulandhopeful
Australiaisasocietyofpeoplefromarichvarietyofculturalraciallinguisticandreligiousbackgrounds.Aboriginal土著居民andTorresStraitIslanderpeoplehavelivedinAustraliafortensofthousandsofyears.NowmostAustraliansareimmigrantsorthedescendants后裔ofimmigrantswhoarrivedduringthepasttwocenturiesfrommorethan200countries.CulturalandlinguisticdiversitywasafeatureofAustralianlifewhenEuropeansettledhereandremainsaparticularfeatureofmodernsociety.ImmigrationbeganwithEuropeansettlementinthe1770s.In1770CaptainCookdeclaredthelandforGreatBritain.In1788thefirstcolony殖民地wasestablished.MostofthecolonistsweredeclaredguiltyfromGreatBritain.Theimmigrationcontinuedatasteadypace—reaching50000ayearduringthe1850swhengoldwasdiscoveredandAustraliabecameadestinationforimmigrantsseekingfortuneandanewstartinlife.Thepopulationreachedsevenmillioninthe1940s.MostsettlerswerefromaBritishbackground.Australia’simmigrationpolicy政策isglobalanddoesnotconsiderracialculturalorreligiousbackgrounds.EachyearAustraliawelcomesmorethan120000migrantsandresettlesaround13000peopleunderitshumanitarianprogram.TodayalmostoneinfourofAustralia’spopulationof21millionwasbornoverseas.Thelast40yearshaveseenanimportantchangeinthesourcecountriesofpeoplewhochoosetocomehere.Inthe1960s45%ofallthenewsettlerswerebornintheUnitedKingdomandIreland.Recentlythishasfallento17%withsettlersandlong-termvisitorsincreasingfromcountriesintheAsiaPacificareaAfricaandtheMiddleEast.Migrantshavebroughtwiththemlanguageskillsandothercapabilitiesthatarevaluableintoday’sglobaleconomy.AlthoughEnglishistheofficiallanguageinAustraliamorethan3millionAustraliansspeakalanguageotherthanEnglishathome.1.AboriginalandTorresStraitIslanderpeople____.A.makeupmostoftheAustralianpopulationB.camefromothercontinentsmanyyearsagoC.havediverseculturalandreligiousbackgroundsD.havebeenlivinginAustraliaforaverylongtime2.MostoftheearliestimmigrantstoAustralia____.A.werefoundguiltyB.wantedanewlifeC.hopedtofindgoldD.weresailors3.Wecanknowfromthepassagethatsincethe1940s____.A.Australiahasresettledabout120000peopleinallB.thegovernmenthaschangeditsimmigrationpolicyC.Australianresidentshaveincreasedby14millionD.mostAustraliansettlershavebeenfromaBritishbackground4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.MorethanhalfoftheAustralianpeoplewereborninothercountries.B.ThenumberofimmigrantsfromtheUKandIrelandisgrowing.C.Thegovernment’srelevantpolicycontributestotheimmigration.D.ThoseunabletospeakEnglishfindithardtoliveinAustralia.
Whenmydaughterwasfivewegaveherapianoasherbirthdaygiftwithgreatexcitementshebeganlearningpianoundertheteacher'sguidance.Neverthelesswhenshewasnolongercuriousaboutitshebeenmesickofit.Afterallitisatoughjobtolearnpianonottomentionthedailyofpractice.ThereforeeverytimeIhadtourgeheragainandagaineithertoforceorofferhersomeprofitsforthepractice.ShealwaysfeltuncomfortablesittingonthatstoolsoshewouldeitherscratchhernoseorearsorhideinthebathroomforquitealongwhileHerfirstteacherleftandmovedsomewhereelsemyfriendintroducedmetoanAmericanteacher.TheAmericanteacher’swayofteachingwascompleteAmericanstyle.Afterpracticingshewouldgivemydaughtersomegoodcommentsontheexcellentpartdespiteitbeingjustasmalloneandthenpointoutwhatshouldbeimproved.What'smoreeverytimeshecameinsteadofbeginningthelessonrightawayshewouldfirstplaysomemusic.ShesaidTolearnplayingthepianoyoushouldlearnnotonlytheskillsofplayingbutmoreimportantlytofeettiremusicandloveit.Tomysurprisesmydaughtergraduallybecamefondofpianolessons.Sometimessheevenwouldliketoshowoffalittlebitinclassafterherkill-had-reachedacurtainlevel.Herconfidenceandsenseofachievementwereenhanced增强withtheappreciationandacknowledgementfromherteachersandclassmates.SurprisinglymydaughtersaidtomconedayMornIwasluckybecauseyoudidn'tgiveupmypianolessons.Learningpianoislikeclimbingamountain.You'llfeeltiredwhenyouareontheway.Whenyoulookdownfromwhereyouareyouwillrealizethatyouhavebeenmakingprogress.Butifyoustopyouwillnevertakeonemorestep.Hearingtheseinspiringwords.Icouldnotholdbackmytearsthinking:thatistheverythingIwanttoteachhersomethingthatismoreimportantthanlearningpiano.1.Mydaughter____whenshewasnotcuriousaboutpiano.A.becamesickB.gottiredofitC.wasangryD.feltsad2.Fromthepassageweknow_____A.mydaughter'sfirstteacherisfromAmericaB.AmericanteachersaregoodatplayingthepianoC.Americanteachingstyleagreeswithmydaughter'stasteD.theskillsofplayingarcmoreimportantthanfeelingthemusic3.Whatmademydaughterinterestedinpianoagain?A.Showingoffinclass.B.Herskillfulperformance.C.Herconfidenceandsenseofachievement.D.Heracknowledgefromclassmates.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.MydaughterenjoyedpracticingpianobeforeanAmericanteachercame.B.Mydaughterfeltuncomfortablewhensittingwithherfirstteacher.C.Mydaughterwouldliketoshowoffafterherskillhadreachedacertainlevel.D.Theappreciationandacknowledgementfromherteachersandclassmatesmakeherfeelconfidentandsuccessful.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thepianoisausefulmusicalinstrumentinlife.B.Americanmusicteachersareskillfulinteachingchildren.C.Learningtoplaythepianoisveryimportantinone'slife.D.You'llsucceedifyoudevoteyourselftosomething.
ItwassocoldthatIcouldn’tfeelmylegs.TherewasgoingtobearacingcontestthatnightsoIwas1myhorseSkippyup.Iwassimplyrunninglaps跑道的圈aroundthering.The2coldairhadbeenblowingpastmefreezingmylimbsbuteverysecondI3it.Youcouldhearthefaint4ofthepeopleupattheclubhouseeatingtheirdinner.Myparentswerealsotherenotknowingthatmylittlesisterhadslowlywanderedherwaydowntothering.Itwas5becausetherewasnomoonorstars.Nobodyelsewasintheringatthetime.Iwasreallyenjoyingthe6andIwasableto7whatSkippywasdoing.AsItookmylastlapit8.EverythingrapidlysloweddownasIsawmylittlesisterstep9thering.Isawtruefearonherfacebecausesheknewshewouldn’tbe10tomoveoutofthewayfastenough.Sheknewthatshewasgoingtogethit.Shetriedto11butnothingcameoutofherfear-driedthroat.Whenmyhorsegottoherhewasstillinafulloutrun.12miraculously奇迹般地heslidsohardonhisbackfeetthathe13.Itreallymadethe14seemabsolutelyunreal.IthoughtthatmaybeIwas15.Ihad16inmymindthatIwasn’tseeingwhatwashappening.IknewIhadhitmysister.TherewasnowayIcouldhave17her.MyhorsewasrisingstraightupandwhilehewasintheairIcouldn’tbreathe.It’slikeIforgot18.AsallofthishappenedIwatchedmysister’sfacetransform变形throughmanydifferent19:terrorconfusioncuriosityandthenasortofrelief.Thenshewaslaughing.AsIheldmysisterintomyarmsSkippystoodrightbehindmeknowingthatIactuallyowedhimmylife20hesavedmysister’s.1.A.pickingB.warmingC.catchingD.setting2.A.bitterlyB.hardlyC.gentlyD.perfectly3.A.challengedB.witnessedC.enjoyedD.hated4.A.ceremonyB.traditionC.victoryD.laughter5.A.windyB.brightC.darkD.cloudy6.A.quietB.qualityC.impressionD.significance7.A.relyonB.focusonC.insistonD.puton8.A.letoutB.heldonC.participatedinD.tookplace9.A.closetoB.outofC.intoD.towards10.A.ableB.frightenedC.contentD.proud11.A.evaluateB.worryC.screamD.escape12.A.AccidentallyB.NormallyC.GenerallyD.Somehow13.A.spedupB.roseupC.brokedownD.woreout14.A.momentB.contestC.commentD.technique15.A.advancingB.breathingC.concludingD.dreaming16.A.thatB.noneC.neitherD.it17.A.hitB.recognizedC.missedD.acknowledged18.A.howB.whatC.whenD.why19.A.actionsB.emotionsC.attitudesD.thoughts20.A.ifB.becauseC.asifD.sothat
Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsareformed.Itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnotorwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheriscompetitive.Socialscientistsareofcourseextremelyinterestedinthesetypesofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehaviors.Therearenoclearanswersyetbuttwodistinctschoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpectthetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromoneanotherandthereisagreatdealofdebatebetweenproponentsofeachtheory.Thecontroversyisoftenreferredtoasnature/nurture.Thosewhosupportthenaturesideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalandgeneticfactors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittleifanythingtodowithourabilitiescharacteristicsandbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takentoanextremethistheorymaintainsthatourbehaviorispredeterminedtosuchadegreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourinstincts.Proponentsofthenurturetheoryorastheyareoftencalledbehavioristsclaimedthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.AbehavioristB.F.Skinnerseeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.Thebehaviorists’viewofthehumanbeingisquitemechanistic;theymaintainthatlikemachineshumans’respondtoenvironmentalstimuliasthebasisoftheirbehavior.Eitherofthesetheoriescannotyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.Infactitisquitelikelythatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremes.Thatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.1.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldthesupportersofthenaturetheoryagreewith?A.Aperson’sinstinctshavelittleeffectonhisactions.B.Environmentisimportantindeterminingaperson’sbehaviorandpersonality.C.Biologicalreasonshaveastronginfluenceonhowweact.D.Thebehaviorists’viewcorrectlyexplainshowweact.2.Concerningthenature/nurturecontroversythewriterofthisarticle.A.supportsthenaturetheoryB.supportsthenurturetheoryC.believesbotharecompletelywrongD.thinksthatthecorrectexplanationofhumanbehaviorwilltakeideasfromboththeories.3.IntheUnitedStatesBlackpeopleoftenscorebelowWhitepeopleonintelligencetests.WiththisinmindwhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.NatureproponentswouldsaythatWhitesaregeneticallysuperiortoBlacks.B.SupportersofthenaturetheorywouldsaythatWhitesscorewellbecausetheyhaveasuperiorenvironment.C.BehavioristswouldsaythatBlacksoftenlacktheeducationalandenvironmentaladvantagesthatWhitesenjoy.D.NurtureproponentswoulddisagreethatBlacksarebiologicallyinferiortoWhites.
Myfatherenjoysbikeriding.EversinceIwaslittleI'vealwayslovedgoingbikingwithmydad.1asIbecameateenagerotherthingsbegantodrawmy2.Suddenlyitwasimportanttodothingswith3.Isawmydadeveryeveningathome.WhydidIhaveto4mySundaystoalldaybiketripswithhimtoo?Ifmyindifference冷漠hurthimmyfatherkept5buthewouldalwaysletmeknowwhenhewasplanningabiketrip6Iwantedtocome.ItwasaSundaymorningandIwasinlow7.Twoofmyfriendshadgonetothemovieswithoutinvitingme.Justthenmyfather8myroom.It'sabeautifulday.Wanttogofora9todayBeck?Leavemealone!Iimpatiently10.ThosewerethelastwordsIsaidtohimbeforeheleftthehousethat11.Severalhourslaterthepolicecalledus12usthatDadhadatrafficaccident.Myfather’sinjurieswereserious.Ittookseveraldaysbeforehecould13speak.BesidehisbedIheldhishandgently14ofhurtinghim.DaddyI’msorryIt’sokaysweetheart.I’llbeokay.NoIsaidI15whatIsaidtoyouthatday.Youknowthatmorning?SweetheartIdon’t16anythingaboutthatday.Irememberkissingyougoodnightthenightbeforethough.He17aweaksmilE.IfeltregretfulformythoughtlessremarkforI18wantedhimtoleavemealonE.Myteacheroncetoldmethat19haveimmeasurablepower.Theycanhurtortheycanheal.Andweallhavethe20tochooseourwords.Iintendtodothatverycarefullyfromnowon.1.A.ThereforeB.InsteadC.BesidesD.However2.A.attentionB.sightC.effortD.energy3.A.DadB.friendsC.teachersD.brothers4.A.startB.saveC.devoteD.waste5.A.silentB.busyC.asleepD.awake6.A.unlessB.incaseC.sothatD.asif7.A.spiritsB.conditionsC.statesD.hopes8.A.leftB.checkedC.enteredD.knocked9.A.rideB.walkC.picnicD.game10.A.whisperedB.warnedC.announcedD.shouted11.A.momentB.morningC.afternoonD.evening12.A.convincingB.remindingC.informingD.phoning13.A.eventuallyB.generallyC.strictlyD.broadly14.A.tiredB.afraidC.awareD.sorry15.A.discussB.thinkC.careD.mean16.A.hateB.forgetC.rememberD.like17.A.gotB.expressedC.exchangedD.managed18.A.oftenB.neverC.evenD.once19.A.apologiesB.promisesC.smilesD.words20.A.experienceB.honorC.powerD.desire
TheAmericansbelievethatanybodycanbecomePresidentoftheUnitedStates.InarecentHollywoodcomedy喜剧thatisexactlywhathappens.DaveKovicplayedbyKevinKlineisakind-heartedmanwhorunsabusinessthatfindspeoplejobs.Heleadsatypical典型的Americanwayoflifeexceptforonething－helooksexactlylikethePresidentBillMitchell.Infacttheonlythingthatmakeshimdifferentfromthenation’sleaderisthatheisverynice!Thepresidenthasstartedusinglook-alikesduringsomepublicappearances.Daveisofferedachancetoservehiscountrybybecomingone.Howeverthingsgowrong.ThePresidentbecomesveryillandDaveendsupactingasthePresidentforever.DirectorIvanReitmanwhomadethepopularandsuccessfulcomedieslikeTwinsGhostbustersandLegalEaglescouldhavegoneforeasylaughsbymakingfunoftheAmericangovernment.InsteadDaveisanattractivecomedyaboutanordinarymaninextraordinarysituations.KevinKlinegivesadoubleperformanceasDaveandthePresidentandSigourneyWeaverisatherbestashisFirstLady.ThelovestorythatdevelopsbetweenherroleandDaveisarealclassic经典.Thefilmis100%American.Howeverifyou’veeverfeltthatanybodycoulddoabetterjobrunningthecountrythanthepeopleinpowerthenyou’llenjoyDave!1.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.TotellthereaderabouttheAmericangovernment.B.TodiscustheAmericans’ideasaboutthePresident.C.TomakeacomparisonbetweenDaveandotherfilms.D.Tointroduceanewfilmtothereader.2.Theunderlinedwordoneinthe3rdparagraphrefersto_____.A.thePresidentB.thedirectorC.anactorD.alook-alike3.Whichofthefollowingisbestsupportedbythetext?A.TheauthormakesfunofthePresident.B.Theauthorthinkshighlyofthefilm.C.TheauthorisafanofHollywoodcomedies.D.TheauthorwishestobecometheAmericanPresident.
ImagineonedaygettingoutofbedinBeijingandbeingatyourofficeinShanghaiinonlyacoupleofhoursandthenafterafulldayofworkgoingbackhometoBeijingandhavingdinnerthere.Soundsunusualdoesn'tit?Butit'snotthatunrealisticwiththedevelopmentofChina’shigh—speedrailwaysystem.Andthat’snotall.Chinahasanevengreaterhigh—speedrailwayplan—toconnectthecountrywithSoutheastAsiaandeventuallyEasternEurope.Chinaisnegotiatingtoextenditsownhigh·-speedrailwaynetworktoupto17countriesin10to15yearseventuallyreachingLondonandSingapore.Chinahasproposedthreesuchprojects.ThefirstwouldpossiblyconnectKunmingwithSingaporeviaVietnamandMalaysia.AnothercouldstartinUrumqiandgothroughKazakhstanandUzbekistanandpossiblytoGermany.ThethirdwouldstartinthenortheastandgonorththroughRussiaandthenintoWesternEurope.IfChina’splanforthehigh-speedrailwaygoesforwardpeoplecouldzipoverfromLondontoBeijinginundertwodays.ThenewsystemwouldstillfollowChina’shigh—speedrailwaystandard.Andthetrainswouldbeabletogo346kilometersanhouralmostasfastassomeairplanes.China’sbullettrain高速客车theoneconnectingWuhantoGuangzhoualreadyhastheWorld’sfastestaveragespeed.Itcovers1069kilometersinaboutthreehours.Ofcoursetherearesometechnicalchallengestoovercome.Therearesomanyissuesthatneedtobesettledsuchassafetyrailgauge轨距maintenanceofrailwaytracks.Soit’simportanttopayattentiontoeverydetail.Butthekeyissueisreallymoney.Chinaisalreadyspendinghundredsofbillionsofyuanondomesticrailwayexpansion.Chinaprefersthattheothercountriespayinnaturalresourcesratherthanwithcapitalinvestment.ResourcesfromthosecountriescouldstreamintoChinatosustaindevelopment.It’11beawin-winproject.Forothercountriestherailwaynetworkwilldefinitelycreatemoreopportunitiesforbusinesstourismandsoonnottomentionthebettercommunicationamongthosecountries.ForChinasuchaprojectwouldnotonlyconnectitwiththerestofAsiaandbringsomemuch-neededresourcesbutwouldalsohelpdevelopChina’sfarwest.Weforeseethatinthecomingdecadesmillionsofpeoplewillmigratetothewesternregionswherethelandisemptyandresourcesunused.Withhigh-speedtrainspeoplewillsetupfactoriesandbusinesscentersinthewestonceandfora11.Andthey’lltradewithCentralAsianandEasternEuropeancountries.1.China’snewhigh-speedrailwayplanwillbeawin-winprojectbecause.A.Chinawillgetmuch-neededresourcesanddevelopitswesternregionsB.ChinaandthecountriesinvolvedwillbenefitfromtheprojectinvariouswaysC.ChinawilldevelopitsrailwaysystemandcommunicationwithothercountriesD.theforeigncountriesinvolvedwilldeveloptheirrailwaytransportationbusinessandtourism2.Accordingtothepassagethegreatestchallengetothenewhigh-speedrailwayplanis.A.technicalissuesB.safetyofthesystemC.financialproblemsD.maintenanceofrailwaytracks3.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardsChina’shigh-speedrailwayplan?A.Critical.B.Reserved.C.DoubtfulD.Positive.4.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.NewRailwayStandardsB.BigRailwayDreamsC.High—speedBulletTrainsD.InternationalRailwayNetwork
Languageisawaytocommunicatewitheachother.Westartedtolearnlanguagewhenwewereborn.Howeverpeopleareusedtospeakingtheirnativelanguagesoimmigrantsarehavingmanyproblemsbetweenthefirstgenerationandthesecondgenerationbecausetheydon’thavethesamenativelanguage.Alsothesecondgenerationislosingtheiridentity.EspeciallyinAmericatherearemanyimmigrantsthatcamefromdifferentcountriestosucceedintheStates.BecausetheysufferinlotsofareassuchasgettingajobandtryingtospeakEnglishtheywanttheirchildrentospeakEnglishnotonlyatschoolbutalsoathomeinordertobemoresuccessful.BecauseofthissituationtheirchildrenarelosingtheiridentityandevenmoretheyareignoringtheirparentswhoseEnglishisnotverygood.Ithinkmostimmigrantsaretryingtopreservetheirnativelanguageintheirnewcountrybutthisdoesn’thelpverymuchingettingagoodjob.MyaunttaughtKoreantoherchildrennottohelpthemsucceedintheU..S..ShedidsohopefullytohelpthemestablishaKoreanidentity.Thoughthesecondgenerationwasborninthenewcountrytheyoftengetconfusedabouttheiridentitybecausetheylookdifferentfromothersandalsoiftheyvisittheirparents’countrytheywillprobablyfeeldifferentfromotherpeopletheretoo.MycousinstoldmethatwhentheyvisitedKoreaafewyearsagotheyfeltdifferentfromotherKoreans.Theycouldevenfeelitjuststrollingaroundthestreetbecausetheyworedifferentclothesandwalkeddifferently.Wemustrealizethatlanguageisimportantandvaluableformanyreasons.Immigrantsshouldmakeaneffortnottobeignoredbytheirchildrenandletthemunderstandtheirbackgroundbyteachingthemtheparents’language.Thisisveryimportantnotonlyfortheharmonyofthefamilybutalsoinhelpingthesecondgenerationestablishtheiridentity.1.Accordingtothetextwhatistheproblemofthefirstgenerationimmigrants?A.Theyhavelosttheiridentity.B.Theirchildrenarelosingtheiridentity.C.Theirchildrenspeakdifferentlanguages.D.Theycannotspeaktheirnativelanguage.2.MyaunttaughtherchildrenKorean__________.A.sothattheyknewtheywereofKoreanorigin.B.sothattheywouldbemoresuccessfulintheU..S..C.becauseshedidn’twantthemtospeakEnglishD.becauseshewantedthemtorespecther3.Thewriter’scousinsfeltdifferentintheirparents’countrybecausethey_________.A.hadneverbeentherebeforeB.behavedquitedifferentlyC.couldn’tunderstandthelanguageD.haddifferentfacialappearance4.Accordingtothetextthenativelanguageisimportantandvaluabletoimmigrantsbecause________.A.itgivesthemself-confidenceandbetterchanceB.itmakesthesecondgenerationlovemotherlandC.ithelpsthesecondgenerationtounderstandtheirparentsD.itstrengthensthefamilytiesandremindsthemoftheiridentity
Associetyadvancesandbasicneedsaremostoftenbeingmetthingsthatwerenotconsideredimportantinthepasthavetakenpriority优先.Inthepastpeoplecouldeasilygetajobandprogressprettywellaslongastheywerehard-working;educationwasimportantbutnotascrucial关系重大asitistoday.Nowadaysjustasclothesareimportanttofirstimpressionsdegreeisimportanttoaperson’sfirstjobintervieworevenajobwithagoodsalary.Althoughexperienceisimportanttosurviveinanytradeorprofessionthefirstthingthatcompanieslookforisthatpieceofpaperbeforelookingatone’sexperience.A.passportintotheworldofanyprofessioniswhathavingadegreemeanstodayespeciallyforprofessionsthathaveneedofcertificationandpaywellsuchasarchitectsdoctorslawyersandteachers.Thatpieceofpaperthedegreeisalsoapassporttojobsintopormiddlemanagementinanycompanyespeciallysoformulti-nationalcorporations跨国公司.Havingadegreeopensupopportunitiesthatonewouldnothavehadifonedidnothaveanykindofdegree.Adegreesimplyprovesthatonehasgonethroughthenecessarytrainingandunderstandingofhowtocarryoutajob.Althoughtherearemanythatmaysayhavingadegreemaynotnecessarilyequaltosuccessitwouldmostdefinitelyhelpanypersonachievesuccessinshorterandeasiersteps.Successcannotsimplybearesultofhardworkand/ordependingonone’sexperienceordegreealone;itistheartandknowledgeofhowtoworkthatdeterminesone’ssuccess.Thereforeitshouldnotbeforthesaketogetadegreebutthequalityofthedegreeandexperiencesthatonecanlearnfromthatmatteraswell.1.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Peopleusedtobehard-workingB.Howimportantisthedegree?C.Howcanweenterthetopmanagement?D.Degreesurelyleadstosuccess2.Whydoestheauthormentionclothesinthesecondparagraph?A.Toprovetheimportanceofthefirstimpression.B.Tostresstheimportanceofjobinterviews.C.Toshowtheimportanceofclothes.D.Toexplaintheimportanceofdegree.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedworditinthelastparagraphreferto?A.HavingadegreeB.SuccessC.NecessarytrainingD.Havinganopportunity
Whenwethinkaboutgivinghelptodevelopingcountriesweoftenthinkaboutgivingmoneysothatthesecountriescanbuildschoolsandhospitalsbuyfoodandmedicineorfindcleanwatersupplies.Theseseemtobethemostimportantbasicneedsofthepeoplewearetryingtohelp.Howeverit'sfarfromenough.Ladiesandgentlemenwe'vegottocomeupwithsomebetterideastohelpthem.IwasverysurprisedthenwhenIreadaboutaplantomakecheaplaptopcomputersforchildrenindevelopingcountries.AmancalledNicholasNegroponteinventedacheaplaptopcomputerwhichcanrunwithoutelectricity.HedecidedtoinventthiscomputerafterhevisitedaschoolinCambodia.ThelaptopwhichMr.Negropontehasdesignedisalittledifferentfromthenormallaptopcomputersyoucanbuyintheshops.Onedifferenceisthatitiscoveredinrubbersothatitisverystrongandwon'tbedamagedeasily.Asanelectricitysupplycanbeaproblemindevelopingcountriesthecomputeralsohasaspecialhandlesothatchildrencanwindthecomputeruptogiveitextrapowerwhenneeded.Thesespeciallaptopcomputerswillcostlessthan100USdollarsandMr.Negropontewantstobuildasmanyas15millionmachinesinthefirstyearofproduction.Theideaisthatthesecomputerswillhelpthechildren'seducationastheywillbeabletoaccesstheInternet.Thesecomputersmightnothelpthepeopleindevelopingcountriesimmediatelybutbyimprovingchildren'seducationtheyshouldhelppeopletofindtheirownsolutionstotheirproblemsinthelongterm.Anotherideatohelpchildrenindevelopingcountriesistorecycleoldmobilephonessothattheycanbeusedagain.IntheUKandprobablyinmanyothercountriestoomillionsofmobilephonesarethrownawayeveryyear.Thewastecreatedbythrowingawaytheseoldphonesisverybadfortheenvironmentsoitseemstobeanexcellentideatorecyclethem.Inthiswaywewillbeabletoachievetwoimportantgoalsatthesametime.Wewillreducethewasteweproduceandhelpothers.Inotherwordswewillbeableto'killtwobirdswithonestone'andthatisalwaysagoodthing.1.It'sanexcellentideatorecycleoldmobilephonesbecause_______.A.itreduceswasteandcanhelpothersB.itpreventswasteandcanearnlotsofmoneyC.itcansendthewasteproducedbydevelopedcountriestoothercountriesD.itisgoodfortheenvironmentandveryeducativeforphoneusers2.TheauthorgivestheexampleofMr.Negroponte'scheapcomputers_______.A.toshowwhathightechcanbringus.B.toillustratethekindnessofpeopleinthedevelopedcountriesC.toshowhowtofindbusinessopportunitiesindevelopingcountriesD.togiveanexampleofhowtohelpdevelopingcountries3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutMr.Negroponte'scheapcomputers?A.Hiscomputersdon’tneedanypowertofunctionwell.B.Hiscomputersarecoveredwithrubbersothattheyareverycheap.C.Hiscomputerswillhelpchildrenindevelopingcountriestohavebettereducation.D.Hiscomputerswillhelppeopleindevelopingcountriestofindallthesolutions.4.Wheredoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?A.AmagazineB.AnewspaperC.AlectureD.Anadvertisement
HaveyoueverheardanewsreportertalkaboutDNA?ReporterstalkaboutDNAfoundatthesceneofacrime.TheytalkaboutpolicefindingDNAfingerprints.PolicesometimesuseDNAasacluetofindoutwhocommittedthecrime.DNAisasubstance物质thatmakesupgenes.Everythingalivehasgenes.Planshavegenes.Animalshavegenes.Youhavegenes.Genesarethebasicunitsofheredity遗传.Hereditymeansallthecharacteristicsyouinheritfromyourparents.Yougetyourgenesfromyourparents.Youinherithalfofyourgenesfromyourmother.Youinherithalfofyourgenesfromyourfather.Genesareakindofcode.Atree’sgenestellwhatshapeitsleaveswillbe.Acat’sgenestellwhatcoloritsfurwillbe.Yourgenestellwhatcoloryoureyeswillbe.Yourgenestellwhatcoloryourhairwillbe.Everythingaboutyoucomesfromthecodeinyourgenes.Geneslineuponstrands链calledchromosomes染色体incells.Everythingaliveismadeupofcells.Chromosomesareinthecenterornucleusofcells.Differentpartsofyouaremadeofdifferentkindsofcells.Yourmusclesaremadeofmusclecells.Yourskinismadeofskincells.Thecodeinyourgenestellsyourbodytomakedifferentkindsofcells.Thegenesineachcelltellthecellhowtowork.Theytellthecellwhentomakenewcopiesofitself.AnAustrianmonknamedGregorMendelfirstsawinheritedpatternsinpeaplants.Heexperimentedwithpeaplantsinthe1860s.Oneofthethingsortraits特质Mendelstudiedwaswhatmakessomepeaplantstallandsomeshort.Hesaidthatthetraitsmustcomefromunitsofhereditypassedfromtheparentplants.Theseunitswerelatercalledgenes.Inthemid-1900sscientistsdiscoveredthatgenesaremadeofDNA.Inthe1970sscientistslearnedhowtochangeDNAwithgeneticengineering.Scientistsalsolearnedthatproblemswithcertaingenescausediseases.Musculardystrophycysticfibrosisandhemophiliaaresomegeneticdiseases-diseasescausedbyproblemsingenes.Todayscientistsarelookingforwaystocuregeneticdiseasesbychanginggenesthroughaprocesscalledgenetherapy.1.WhatisDNA?A.DNAisakindofgene.B.DNAisasubstancethatmakesupgenes.C.DNAisthebasicunitofheredity.D.DNAisameasuretoprotectcrime.2.Whichofthefollowingaboutgenesiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.Plantsanimalsandhumanbeingshavethesamegenes.B.Halfpeopleinheritallgenesfromtheirmotherothersfromtheirfather.C.Genesdecidethetreesshapesthecats’furcolorandoureyes’coloraswell.D.Geneswillgiveyouacodewhenyouneedthem.3.Wherearegenes?A.Geneslininguponstrandscalledchromosomesareinthecenterofcells.B.Geneshideineverythingaliveinyourbody.C.Genescanbenowherebutinyourmindcontrollingallyouractions.D.Genestravelinyourbodyandhelpcopeskinmuscleandeyes.4.AnAustrianmonknamedGregorMendel.A.firstsawinheritedpatternsinpeopleB.wasinterestedinwhyplantsweredifferentC.firstcalledtheunitsofheredityfromparentsgenesD.wasthefirstwhodiscoveredgenes5.Wecanconcludethat.A.scientistswerelessintelligentthanmonksin1900sB.somegenesarebadandcancausediseasesC.wedon’tneedtoworryaboutgeneticdiseasesanylongerD.thediscoveryofgenesmaybeofgreathelpinourdailylife
ResearchattheUniversityofLiverpoolUKhasfoundthatShakespeare’slanguagestimulatespositivebrainactivity.Shakespeareusesalinguistic语言的techniqueknownasfunctionalchangethatinvolvesforexampleusinganountoserveasaverb.Researchersfoundthatthistechniqueallowsthebraintounderstandwhatawordmeansbeforeitunderstandsthefunctionofthewordwithinasentence.ThisprocesscausesasuddenpeakinbrainactivityandforcesthebraintoworkbackwardsinordertofullyunderstandwhatShakespeareistryingtosay.ProfessorPhilipDavisfromtheuniversity’sSchoolofEnglishsaid:Thebrainreactstoreadingaphrasesuchas‘hegoddedme’fromthetragedyofCoriolanusinasimilarwaytoputtingajigsawpuzzle拼图玩具together.Ifitiseasytoseewhichpiecesfittogetheryoubecomeboredofthegame.Butifthepiecesdon’tappeartofitwhenweknowtheyshouldthebrainbecomesexcited.BythrowingirregularwordsintoseeminglynormalsentencesShakespearesurprisesthebraininamannerthatproducesasuddenburstofactivity—asenseofdramacreatedoutofthesimplestofthings.ExpertsbelievethatthisheightenedbrainactivitymaybeoneofthereasonswhyShakespeare’splayshavesuchadramaticimpactontheirreaders.ProfessorNeilRobertsfromtheuniversity’sMagneticResonanceandImageAnalysisResearchCenterandProfessorDavistogetherwithDrGuillauneThierryfromtheUniversityofWalesUKmonitored20participantsusinganelectroencephalogramEEGastheyreadselectedlinesfromShakespeare’splays.Thebrainsignalisrelativelystablewhenweunderstandthemeaningofawordbutwhenthewordchangesthegrammarofthewholesentencebrainreadingssuddenlypeak.ThebrainisthenforcedtoretraceitsthinkingprocessinordertounderstandwhatitissupposedtomakeofthisunusualwordexplainsProfessorRoberts.1.Theresearchconductedbytheprofessorshasshowedthat.A.ShakespeareusesfunctionalchangetomisleadreadersB.Shakespeare’slanguageexcitespositivebrainactivity.C.Shakespeare’splayshaveadramaticeffectontheirreaders.D.Shakespeare’slanguagemakesthebrainsignalrelativelystable2.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplacetheunderlinedpronounitinthe2ndparagraph?A.techniqueB.wordC.brainC.sentence3.Inthe3rdparagraphtheexampleofajigsawpuzzleisusedheretostate.A.thefunctionofShakespeare’slinguistictechniqueB.asenseofdramacreatedbyplayingthegameC.theShakespeare’sthinkingprocessD.thebrain’sreactiontoreadingabook4.BasedontheresearchShakespeare’splayshaveagreateffectontheirreaderliesin.A.languageusedinplaysB.charactersshowedinworksC.brainactivityincreasedinreadingD.thinkingprocesswhenwriting
PeoplewithlesseducationsufferfewerstressfuldaysaccordingtoareportinthecurrentissueoftheJournalofHealthandSocialBehavior.Howeverthestudyalsofoundthatwhenless-educatedpeopledidsufferstressitwasmoresevereandhadastrongereffectontheirhealth.Fromthisresearchershaveconcludedthattheday-to-dayfactorsthatcausestressareregular.Whereyouareinsocietydeterminesthekindsofproblemsthatyouhaveeachdayandhowwellyouwillcopewiththem.Theresearchteaminterviewedanationalsampleof1031adultsdailyforeightdaysabouttheirstresslevelandhealth.Peoplewithoutahighschooldiplomareportedstresson30percentofthestudydayspeoplewithahighschooldegreereportedstress38percentofthetimeandpeoplewithcollegedegreesreportedstress44percentofthetime.Lessadvantagedpeoplearelesshealthyonadailybasisandaremorelikelytohavedownwardturnsintheirhealth.leadingresearcherDr.JosephGrzywaczofWakeForestUniversityBaptistMedicalCentersaidinapreparedstatement.Thedownwardturnsinhealthwereconnectedwithdailystressors紧张刺激物andtheeffectofdailystressorsontheirhealthismuchmoredamagingforthelessadvantaged.Ifsomethinghappenseverydaymaybeit’snotseenasastressor.Grzywaczsays.Maybeitisjustlife.1.Stressleveliscloselyrelatedto.A.familysizeB.socialpositionC.bodyweightD.workexperience2.Whichgroupreportedthebiggestnumberofstressfuldays?A.Peoplewithoutanyeducation.B.Peoplewithouthighschooldegrees.C.Peoplewithhighschooldegrees.D.Peoplewithcollegedegrees.3.Thelessadvantagedpeoplearethegreater.A.theeffectofstressontheirhealthisB.theeffectofeducationontheirhealthisC.theleveloftheireducationisD.thedegreeoftheirhealthconcernis4.Less-educatedpeoplereportfewerdaysofstresspossiblybecause.A.theydon’twanttotelltruthB.theydon’twanttofacethetruthC.stressistoocommonafactorintheirlifeD.theirstressismuchgreater
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