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As late as 1800, women’s only place was in the homE. The idea of woman in the business world was unt...
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? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
Aslateas1800women’sonlyplacewasinthehomE.Theideaof
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
Aslateas1800women’sonlyplacewasinthehomE.Theideaof
阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正
Aslateas1800women'sonlyplacewasinthehomE.Theideaof
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项AAsl
Aslateas1800women’sonlyplacewasinthehomE.Theideaof
根据短文内容和首字母提示填写所缺单词WhenWomenWereLadiesAslateas1800w
阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正
第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项Asla
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Toalargedegreethemeasureofourpeaceofmindisdeterminedbyhowmuchweareabletoliveinthepresentmoment.Regardlessofwhathappenedyesterdayorlastyearandwhatmayormaynothappentomorrowthepresentmomentiswhereyouare—always!Weallowpastproblemsandfutureconcernstocontrolourpresentmomentssomuchthatweendupanxiousfrustrateddepressedandhopeless.Weoftenconvinceourselvesfuturewillbebetterthantoday.JohnLennononcesaidLifeiswhat'shappeningwhilewe'rebusymakingotherplans.Whenwe'rebusymakingotherplansourchildrenarebusygrowingupthepeoplewelovearemovingawayanddyingourbodiesaregettingoutofshapeandourdreamsareslippingaway.InshortwemissoutonlifE.ManypeopleliveasiflifewereadressrehearsalforsomelaterdatE.Itisn't.Infactnoonehasaguaranteethatheorshewillbeheretomorrow.Nowistheonlytimewehaveandtheonlytimethatwehaveanycontrolover.Whenourattentionisinthepresentmomentwepushfearfromourminds.Fearistheconcernovereventsthatmighthappeninthefuture—wewon'thaveenoughmoneyourchildrenwillgetintotroublewewillgetoldanddiewhatever.Tostruggleagainstfearthebeststrategyistolearntobringyourattentionbacktothepresent.MarkTwainsaidIhavebeenthroughsometerriblethingsinmylifesomeofwhichactuallyhappeneD.Idon'tthinkIcansayitanybetter.Practicekeepingyourattentiononthehereandnowandyoureffortswillpayoff.67.Thepurposeofthispassageistotellreaders______.A.peoplewhoarebusymakingplansarelivingactivelyB.howtohelpothersovercomefearC.weoughttolearntoliveinthepresentmomentD.someonewhoonlyenjoysthepresenttimeusuallywasteshistimeblindly68.Itimplies暗示fromthepassagethat______.A.manypeopleknowhowtofightagainstfearB.itisn'tnecessarytofearforfutureC.youcangainmorehappinessbyputtingoffyourpleasureD.somepeoplemakeplansfortheirchildrentoimprovetheirlives69.Manypeopleliveasiflifewereadressrehearsalsuggeststhat______.A.theyalwayswishtobeanactororanactressB.theybelievethattheirpresentlifeiswellpreparedfortheirfutureC.theyarealwaysbusymakingplansforfutureD.Theyallhaveaguaranteethattheywillbealivetomorrow70.Whyaresomepeopledepressedandanxiousdayandnight?A.Becausetheyfeartheycannotpasstheirtests.B.Becausepastproblemsandfutureconcernscontroltheirpresentmoment.C.BecausethepeopletheylovewanttoleavethemalonE.D.Becausetheymakesomemistakesinthepast.
A.superdrugthatcouldremoveAlzheimer’s老年痴呆症heartdiseaseanddiabetes糖尿病andhelppeopleliveto100isbeingdevelopedbyscientists.TheirresearchisbasedontheidentificationofthreegenesthathelpprolonglivesandpreventdiseaseswhichoccurinoldagE.MedicallycontrollingtheproteinsmadebythelongevitygeneswillallowmillionstolivelongerpredictsDrNirBarzilai.ThosewhoseDNAstronglyfeaturesthethreegenesare80percentlesslikelytodevelopAlzheimer’s.ThegenesalsofightagainstthedeadlyimpactofsmokingpoordietobesityandlackofexercisE.AlreadyseverallaboratoriesareworkingonapilltoimitatethebenefitsofthegenesandDrBarzilaithinksitcouldbetestedwithinthreeyears.ThepillcouldremovesomediseasesthatdamageoldagE.TheadvantageoffindingagenethatinvolveslongevityisthatwecandevelopadrugthatwillimitateexactlywhatthisgeneisdoinghesaiD.Ofthethreelongevitygenestwogenesincreasetheproductionofso-calledgoodcholesterol胆固醇whichreducestheriskofheartdiseasE.Thethirdpreventsdiabetes.TheywerediscoveredbyDrBarzilai’steamwhilestudyingtheDNAof500AshkenaziJewswithanaverageageof100.Thechancesoflivingthatlongareonein10000butthegroupwhichsharedrelativelyfewcommonancestorswas20timesmorelikelytohittheentury.DrBarzilaisaid:30percentofthemwereobeseoroverweightand30percentsmokedtwoacksofcigarettesadayformorethan40yearshowevertheycanliveto100.ButAndrewKetteringhamoftheAlzheimer’sSocietysaid:Alzheimer’sdiseaseamostcommondiseaseislikelytobecausedbyacombinationofgeneticdisosition遗传倾向lifestylesandlifeevents.ManygenesareprobablyinvolveD.Somepeopleareabletoliveto100yearsbecauseof______.A.amagicalmedicineB.threespecialgenesC.goodlivinghabitsD.longevityproteinsWhydoesthediscoveryofthelongevitygenesmeanalot?A.Becauseitcanbringgreatbenefitstoscientificlabs.B.BecauseitcanhelppeoplechangetheirunhealthygenesC.Becauseithelpsproduceadrugthatcanmakepeoplelivelonger.D.Becauseitwillhelpscientistsbuildupanewbranchofbiology.FromParagraph4wecaninferthat________.A.longevitygenescancreategoodcholesterol.B.thevolunteerssharesomecommonancestorsC.badhabitsarelikelytohavenoeffectonthevolunteersD.longevitygenesprotectthevolunteersagainstbadhabitsWhatisAndrewKetteringham’sattitudetowardthestudy?A.PositiveB.NegativeC.CriticalD.Cautious
Childhoodisahappytimeright?Notnecessarily.Considerthesefacts.Depression抑郁症mayoccurinasmanyas1in33children.Onceachildhasanepisode一段情节ofdepressionheorshehasa50percentchanceofexperiencinganotherepisodeinthenext5years.Suicide自杀isthe6thleadingcauseofdeathfor5–to–15-year-olds.Ifyourchildexperiences5ormoreofthesesignsorsymptoms症状foratleast2weeksheorshemaybeexperiencingdepressionoranothermentalillness.Feeling——Doesyourchilddemonstrate:SadnessEmptinessHopelessnessGuiltWorthlessnessLackofenjoymentineverydaypleasuresThinking——Isyourchildhavingtrouble:ConcentratingMakingdecisionsCompletingschoolworkMaintaininggradesMaintainingfriendshipsPhysicalproblems—Doesyourchildcomplainof:HeadachesStomachachesLackofenergySleepingproblemstoomuchortoolittleWeightorappetitechangesgainorlossSuiciderisk--Doesyourchildtalkorthinkabout:SuicideDeathOthermorbid生病的subjectsBehaviorproblems——Isyourchild:IrritableNotwantingtogotoschoolWantingtobealonemostofthetimeHavingdifficultygettingalongwithothersCuttingclassesorskippingschoolDroppingoutofsportshobbiesorotheractivitiesDrinkingalcoholorusingdrugs.SometimesachildwhocausesproblemsatschoolorathomemayactuallybedepressedaccordingtotheAmericanAcademyofChildandAdolescentPsychiatry.Ifyouthinkyourchildmaybedepressedit’simportanttohaveyourchildtreateD.Discussyourchild’sproblemswithhisorherdoctor.Thedoctormaysuggestareferraltoachildren’spsychologist心理医生orpsychiatrist精神病医生.Treatmentmayincludeindividualandfamilytherapy治疗alongwithanantidepressantmedication抗抑郁药Thisarticleisparticularlywrittenfor____.A.parentsB.teachersC.childrenD.psychologistsWhichstatementdescribesachildwhomayhavephysicalproblems?A.ThechildisalwaysinhighmooD.B.Thechildalwaysfeelstiredbutsleepsonlyfourhoursaday.C.Thechildhatestostudy.D.ThechildcannotconcentrateononethingforalongperioD.Whenyourchildalwaystalksaboutdeathorothermorbidsubjectsheorshe___A.mayhastroubleinthinkingB.mayhavesuicideriskC.mayhavebehaviorproblemsD.mayhavephysicalproblemsWhatshouldwedowhenwefindourkidsexperiencingdepression?A.AskforleavetoaccompanythemathomE.B.Askthemtotakeantidepressantimmediately.C.Gotoseethedoctor.D.Askthemtohaveagoodrest.
Whentheschoolyearstartsitcanbedifficulttogetupearly.Afterafewearlymorningsextremetirednessmightmakeyoufeellikeyou’regoingtofallover.Theamazingthingisthatyouprobablymanagetostayawakealldaylongandintothenight.Buthow?A.chemicalinthebraincalleddopamine多巴胺mightbepartoftheanswer.Accordingtonewresearchdopamineiswhatkeepspeoplewhodon’tgetenoughsleepfromconkingout.Thechemicalalsohasacomplicatedinfluenceonyourabilitytothinkandlearnwhenyoudon’tgetenoughsleep.Tostudysleeplossanditseffectonthebrainscientistsroundedup15healthyvolunteers.Thescientiststestedeachperson’smemoryandabilitytopayattentiontwice:onceafteragoodnight’ssleepandonceafterbeingkeptupallnightlong.Duringtheteststhescientistsmeasuredlevelsofdopamineinthebrainsofthevolunteers.Theresultsshowedthatwhenthevolunteersstayedupallnightdopaminelevelsincreasedinthebrain.HigherlevelsofdopaminekeptthevolunteersawakeeventhoughtheyfelttireD.Somepeopleareamazinglyabletothinkclearlyandreactquicklyevenwhentheyhaven’thadmuchsleep.Otherpeoplehaveareallyhardtimepayingattentionwhentiredandtheirreactionsareslow.Allofthesemayberelatedtothedopaminelevels.Howevertheresearchersfoundthathigherlevelsofdopaminedon’tremovethetroublepeoplehavethinkingandlearningwhilesleep-deprived缺乏睡眠的.60.Theunderlinedphraseconkingoutinthesecondparagraphprobablymeans.A.stayingawakeB.fallingasleepC.payingattentionD.fallingover61.Withahigherlevelofdopamineone.A.willnotdreamdreamsatnightB.mayhavetroubleinfallingasleepC.canstillstayawakeafterstayingupD.candobetterinlearningandworking62.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat.A.notallpeoplecanreactquicklyaftertheystayuplateB.dopamineinourbraindoesnotworkwhenwearesleepingC.lackofsleephasnoinfluenceonone’slearningandthinkingabilityD.thehigherthedopaminelevelsarethemorequicklyonereacts63.Thepassageisdevelopedby.A.settingupapointanddiscussingitB.givingexamplesanddrawingaconclusionC.pointingoutsimilaritiesanddifferencesD.showingafactandexplainingthecause
GenerationsofAmericanshavebeenbroughtuptobelievethatagoodbreakfastisessentialtoone’slifE.Eatingbreakfastatthestartofthedaywehavebeentoldandtoldagainisasnecessaryasputtinggasolineinthefamilycarbeforestartingatrip.ButformanypeoplethethoughtoffoodasthefirstthinginthemorningisneverapleasurE.Soinspiteofalltheeffortstheystilltakenobreakfast.Between1977and1983thelatestyearforwhichfigurescouldbeobtained可获得的thenumberofpeoplewhodidn’thavebreakfastincreasedby33%—from8.8millionto11.7million—accordingtotheChicago-basedMarketResearchCorporationofAmericA.Forthosewhodislikeeatingbreakfasthoweverthereissomegoodnews.Severalstudiesinthelastfewyearshaveshownthatforgrown-upsespeciallytheremaybenothingwrongwithomitting省略breakfast.GoingwithoutbreakfastdoesnotaffectworksaidArnoldE.BenderformerprofessorofnutritionatQueenElizabethCollegeinLondonnordoesgivingpeoplebreakfastimprovework.Scientificevidencelinkingbreakfasttobetterhealthorbetterworkissurprisinglyinadequate不适当andmostoftherecentworkinvolves涉及childrennotgrown-ups.TheliteraturesaysoneresearcherDrEarnestPoliteattheUniversityofTexasispoor.Themainideaofthepassageis_______.A.breakfasthasnothingtodowithpeople’shealthB.agoodbreakfastusedtobeimportanttousC.breakfastisnotasimportanttousasgasolinetoacarD.breakfastisnotasimportantaswethoughtbeforeForthosewhodonottakebreakfastthegoodnewsisthat_______.A.severalstudieshavebeendoneinthepastfewyearsB.theomissionofbreakfastdoesnoharmtoone’shealthC.grown-upshaveespeciallymadestudiesinthisfieldD.eatinglittleinthemorningisgoodforhealthTheunderlinedpartnordoesgivingpeoplebreakfastimproveworkmeans_______.A.peoplewithoutbreakfastcanimprovetheirworkB.notgivingpeoplebreakfastimprovesworkC.havingbreakfastdoesnotimproveworkeitherD.peoplehavingbreakfastdoimprovetheirworktooThewordliteratureinthelastsentencerefersto_______.A.storiespoemsplayetcB.writtenworksonaparticularsubjectC.anyprintedmaterialD.themodernliteratureofAmericaWhatisimpliedbutnotstatedbytheauthoristhat_______.A.breakfastdoesnotaffectworkB.DrPoliteworksataninstitutionofhigherlearningC.noteatingbreakfastmightaffectthehealthofchildrenD.ProfessorBenderoncetaughtcollegecoursesinnutritioninLondon
ItlooksabitlikethecoolersusedtokeepdrinksfreshonasunnydaybutthecoolboxbeingtestedinhotMozambiqueservesahigherpurpose–savinglivesfrommalaria疟疾.Thenewcoolboxisintendedtokeepmalariamedicinesat25degreesCelsius77degreesFahrenheirorbelowinpoorruralareaswithoutelectricitywherethetemperaturecanreach45degreesCelsius.AtthebeginningthecoolboxeswillbeusedtostoremalarialdrugssaidParfairKomlanEdahadvisortoJohnSnowIncorporatedaUScompanydevelopingthecoolers.WewillchangethetreatmentpatternandprocedurebecausethedrugsareexpensiveandtheyhavetobewellstoredtobeeffectivehesaiD.TheprojuctfundedbytheUSAgencyforInternationalDevelopmentstartedin2006andisstillatanexpermentalstagE.ThecoolersarecurrentlybeingtestedinthreeregionsofMozambique–MaputoTeteandZambeziA.ThetestswilldeterminewhetherthecoolersareadoptedforusenationwidE.InMozambiquemalariaistheleadingcauseofdeathamongchildrenadmittedtopediatric儿科的servicesandtherehasbeenanincreaseincasesofmalairainrecentyears.FacedwiththesuddenincreaseinmalairaMozambique’shealthministrylastyeardecidedtoexpandtheuseforapiddiagnostictestsforthediseasethatcangivearesultwithinminutes.Theonlytroublewasthatdiagnostictestshavetobestoredatthetemperatureof25degreesCelsiusorbelowandarecurrentlyonlyavailableinprovincialhospitalsthathaverefrigerationfacilities.Theprojectwasfacedwiththedilemma进退两难的处境ofhowtoensurequalityproductsdespitethehothumidweatherandlackofelectricitycommoninremotehealthfacilitiesEdahsaiD.Thesolutionwastodesignevaporative蒸发的coolers—similarinsizetoasmallrefrigerator.ThecoolershaveawatertankatthetopthatisregularlyrefilleD.Whenwaterevaporatesfromthetankitpassesaongwicksthatstickoutofthecoolerkeepingthecontentsoftheboxcool/InamessageonWorldMalariaDaytheWorldHealthOrganizationWHOstresedtheimportanceofnationalmalairaprogrammes.NelsonNkiniheadofProservaMozambicannon-governmentalgroupsupplyingmosquitonetstreatedwithanti-malarialsubstancessaidpreventingthediseasewascheaperthancuringitbecauseofthecostofmedicines.60.Ifthecoolboxesareused_________.A.medicinescanbestoredatanydegreeCelsiusB.malariawilldisapearinMozambiqueC.malariamedicineswillbeusedmoreeffectivelyD.thetemperaturewillbecomelowerinMozambique61.ThesituationinMozambiqueisthat__________.A.theofficialdepartmentdoesn’tknowwhatmianlycauseschildren’sdeathB.theprojectfundedbytheUSAgencyforInternationalDevelopmentisfightingagainstmalariA.C.theuseofrapiddiagnostictestsformalariaisbeingexpandedinthwholdcountryD.diagnostictestscanbecurrentlyavailableinmostruralhospitals.62.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.A.projectinMozambiqueB.FightingagainstmalariaC.PreventingthespreadofmalariaD.Supercoolergiveshopeformalariavictims
BOver2000yearstheexaminationofthepulsehasbeenamysteriousskillinTraditionalChineseMedicinE.AlthoughmanywesternersmayhaveknownsomethingaboutmethodslikeinspectinglisteningandenquiringpulsereadingasatooltodeterminephysicalconditionisnotcommonknowledgE.Itisthereforeworthourefforttotakeacloserlookatit.Therearethreepositionsoneachwristwhichareusedforanalysis:thefrontmiddleandbackpartandanalyzedatthreedifferentlevels:superficialmiddleanddeep.Ontheleftwristthefrontpositionfocusesontheconditionoftheheartandsmallintestine小肠themiddlepositionconcentratesonthefunctionsoftheliverandgallbladderandthebackpositionisconnectedwiththekidney.ThelungsandlargeintestinearethecentreofattentioninthefrontpositionontherightwristwiththemiddlepositionfocusingonthespleenandstomachandthebacktakingnoteoftheGateofVitalityFire’.Thisistheheatproviderforallbodilyfunctions.InregardstothevariouslevelsthesuperficiallevelreflectsthestateofenergythemiddlelevelshowsthestateofbloodflowandthedeeplevelisanindicationofthestateoftheYinorgans.Supposethatthepulseintheleftmiddlepositionwassoftandsmoothneithersuperficialnordeepitwouldsuggestthattheliverandgallbladderareinagoodstateofhealth.Checkingthepulseisactuallyfarmorecomplex.Doctorsneedtobeabletorecognize26differentpulsecategories.Forexampleascatteredpulsewhichisirregularandhardlynoticeableisasignthatapatientiscriticallyillandnearingdeath.Othercategoriesincludetherapidpulseprobablyasignofafever;orthetensepulsewhichmaysuggestthatthepatientissufferingfrompain.Manypulsesonlyhavesubtledifferences;thuspulseexaminationisoftenseenasbeingmorethanjustaskillbutanactualartform.Thiskindofmedicaldiagnosiscanbeaffectedbymanyfactorssobeforeanyexaminationitisimportantthatpatientsareinarelaxedphysicalandmentalstatesotheycangetthemostaccuratereading.ThemorningisoftenthebesttimetotakesuchareadingasabusydayintheofficeorvigorousexercisebeforeseeingthedoctorcaninfluencethequalityofthepulsE.TherightamountofpressuremustbeappliedbythedoctorfortherightdurationoftimE.Patients’characteristicsarealsoofimportancE.Childrenforinstancehavequickpulsesandathleteshaveslowerthanusualones.Evenseasonalinfluencesneedtobetakenintoaccount.59.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?A.ChinesePulseCheckingB.DifficultiesinPulseCheckingC.WhatMakesaGoodDoctorD.BriefIntroductiontoTraditionalChineseMedicine60.WhichfactorisNOTmentionedaspossiblyinfluencingtheaccuracyofapulsereading?A.AmountofforceuseD.B.Timeofday.C.ClimatE.D.Bodyheight.61.Fromthepassagewecaninferthatthewriterbelieves__________.A.ChinesemedicineistoodifficulttolearnB.pulsereadingrequiresalong-timestudyandpracticeC.doctorsneedtobefamiliarwithChinesehistoryD.pulseexaminationisunimportantandnolongernecessary
Therearenewfindingsthatnotenoughsleepmaycausepeopletogainweight.Researcherssayalackofsleepcanproducehormonalchangesthatincreasefeelingsofhunger.InonestudyresearchersintheUnitedStatesexaminedinformationonmorethan1000peoplE.Thepeoplehadtakenpartinalong-termstudyofsleepdisorders.Somepeoplesleptlessthanfivehoursanight.Theyhad15percenthigherbloodlevelsofahormonecalledghrelinthanpeoplewhoslepteighthours.Andtheyhad15percentlessofthehormoneleptin.Expertssayghrelinhelpsmakepeoplefeelhungry;leptinmakesyoufeelfull.ThescientistssaythesehormonalchangesmaybeacauseofobesityinWesternsocieties.TheynotethecombinationthatlimitationiscommonandiswidelyavailablE.TheresultswerenotaffectedbyhowmuchpeopleexerciseD.Peoplewhoareawakelongerhavemoretimetoburnenergy.Buttheresearcherssaylossofsleepmayincreasehungerespeciallyforhigh-caloriefoodssopeoplegainweight.Itseemsthatforsurvivalthebodymaybedesignedtostoremorefatduringtimeswithlesssleep.ResearchersfromStanfordUniversityinCaliforniaandtheUniversityofWisconsindidthestudy.Theyfoundthatthebestamountofsleepforweightcontrolis7.7hoursanight.ThePublicLibraryofSciencepublishedthefindingsinitsjournalMedicinE.Internetuserscanreadthefullstudyfreeofchargeatplos.org.Whichofthefollowingshowstherightwayinwhichlackofsleepcausesweightgain?A.moreghrelinandlessleptin→feelinghungry→eatingmoreB.feelinghungry→eatingmore→moreghrelinandlessleptinC.burningmoreenergy→feelinghungry→eatingmoreD.moreleptinandlessghrelin→feelingfull→lessexerciseThetwowordsmissinginthe4thparagraphshouldbe_________and_________.A.weight;sleepB.sleep;foodC.hunger;foodD.weight;workWhenyousleep7.7hoursanightyouwill_________.A.haveyourghrelinlevelriseandleptinleveldropB.haveyourleptinlevelriseandghrelinleveldropC.haveyourghrelinandleptinlevelsproperlybalancedD.feelneitherhungrynorfullThewriterwrotethispassageto_________.A.makeanewsreportB.offerapieceofmedicaladviceC.makeanadvertisementD.keeparecordoftheresearchfindings
Notallthinklaughteristhebestmedicinebutitseemstohelp.Soscientistscarriedonanewstudyofdiabetes糖尿病patientswhoweregivenagooddoseofhumorforayeartoproveit.Researchersdivide20high-riskdiabeticpatientsintotwogroups.BothgroupsweregivenstandarddiabetesmedicinE.GroupLviewed30minutesofhumoroftheirchoicewhileGroupCthecontrolgroupdidnot.Thiswentonforayearoftreatments.Bytwomonthsintothestudythepatientsinthelaughtergrouphadlowerlevelofthehormonesepinephrine肾上腺素consideredtocausestresswhichisknowntobedeadly.Afterthe12monthsHDLcholesterolrises26percentinGroupLbutonly3percentinGroupC.InanothermeasureC-reactiveproteinsamakerofheartdiseasedrop66percentinthelaughtergroupbutonly26percentinthecontrolgroup.ThebestdoctorsbelievethatthereisaphysicalgoodbroughtaboutbythepositiveemotionhappylaughtersaidstudyleaderLeeBerkofLomaLindaUniversity.Andotherresearchhasfoundthathumormakesusmorehopeful.StillmorestudyisneededBerksaiD.TheresearchbyBerkfoundthathumorcanbringaboutsimilarchangesinbodychemistrywhichwasprovedinthenewstudy.TheresearchresultwillbepresentedthismonthatthemeetingintheUS.ResearchattheUniversityofMarylandSchoolofMedicineshowsthatlaughtercausestheinnerliningofbloodvesselstoexpandincreasingbloodflowinawaythoughttobehealthy.LifestylechoiceshaveanimportanteffectonhealthandthesearechoiceswhichweandpatientsshouldpayattentiontoratherthanpreventionandtreatmentBerksaidinastatementthisweek.Whydidthescientistscarryonthenewresearch?A.Tofindoutiflaughterwasgoodtohealth.B.Todiscoverthebestmedicinetocurediabetes.C.BecausethenumberofdiabeticpatientsisthelargestintheworlD.D.Becausediabeticpatientsneedmorelaughterthanotherpatients.After12monthsintothestudy___________.A.C-reactiveproteinsincrease66percentinGroupCB.thelevelofthehormonesepinephrinestaysthesameinbothgroupsC.thelevelofthehormonesepinephrinehasdroppedD.C-reactiveproteinsreduced66percentinGroupLTheunderlinedpartHDLcholesterolinParagraph3mustbe_______.A.somethingbadtoourhealthB.somethinggoodtoourhealthC.akindofwonderfulmedicineD.akindofdangerousdiseaseInwhatwaydoeslaughterbenefitpeople’shealth?A.Bloodismadethickbylaughter.B.Laughtermakesbloodvesselsthin.C.LaughterincreasesbloodpressurE.D.Laughtermakesbloodflowfast.AccordingtoBerkweshould_________.A.chooselifestylescarefullyB.changeourlifestylesC.preventourlifestylesinadvanceD.paylessattentiontothepositiveemotion
DEveryoneknowsyoumustexerciseregularlytokeepgoodhealth.IndeedstayingphysicallyfitisabigpartofourculturE.weconsiderorrightlysothathealthypeopleareattractivepeoplE.Sincemostofuswanttobeattractivethereisnoshortageofexerciseclubstrainingvideosmagazinesandbooksofferingtohelpusstayphysicallyfit.Unfortunatelyhoweverourculturedoesn’tplacethesameemphasisonmentalfitness.Althoughwetendtolikemenandwomenwithstronghealthy-lookingbodieswedon’thavethesamedegreeofrespectorattractionforsmarteducatedmentallyhealthypeoplE.Thisisapitybecausetherearegreatrewardsforpeoplewhohavedevelopedtheabilitytothinkwell.Ifyourmindiswelltrainedandflexibleyouwillbeabletounderstandagreatdealofwhathappensaroundyou.Andifyouarealsowelleducated---thatisifyouunderstandbasicsciencemathematicsmusicartliteraturehistoryandsoon---youwillfinditmucheasiertomakegooddecisionsthroughoutyourlifE.OverthelongrunthisleadstoasenseofcontroloveryourdestinyandamuchbetterlifethanotherwisE.Peoplewhoarepoorlyeducatedorwhodon’tthinkwell---thatispeoplewhoarenotmentallyfit---seethingsdifferently.Theirworldiscontrolledbymysteriousoftenmalevolent恶意的forces.SuchpeoplelivewithinasystemtheywillnevermasterforcedtofollowrulestheywillneverunderstanD.Althoughitmaynotbeobviousmostspendtheirlivesbeingmanipulated控制byothers.Theyaretoldwhattodowhattothinkhowtospendtheirmoneyandwhattheyshouldandshouldnotaspire渴望toinlifE.Inmyopinionifyouwanttolivewellyoumustbeabletouseyourmindwell.ForthisreasonIwantyoutobeabletoconcentratetosolveproblemstounderstandcomplexideasandtothinkclearlyandquickly.Suchskillswillmakeiteasierforyoutomakeinformeddecisionsunderstandcurrenteventschoosegoodfriendsmanageyourmoneywellmakewiselone-termdecisionsandappreciatemusicartandliteraturE.Thekeytodevelopingsuchskillsistoenjoylearningandtohavetheabilityandmotivationtoteachyourself.63.Thewriterofthepassagefeeldisappointedthat____.A.toolittlehasbeendonetohelppeopletokeepphysicallyfitB.toomuchhasbeendonetohelppeopletokeepphysicallyfitC.mentallyhealthypeoplearenotaspopularasphysicallyhealthypeopleD.physicallyhealthypeoplearenotaspopularasmentallyhealthypeople64.Theunderlinedwordthisinthe3rdparagraphmeans____.A.theunderstandingofagreatdealofwhatgoesonaroundyouB.theunderstandingofbasicscienceandmathematicsC.goodtraininginbodyandmindD.beingabletomakegooddecisionsinlife65.Thewriterofthispassagethinksthosewhoarenotmentallyfit____.A.liveapoorandmysteriouslifeB.can’tcontrolovertheirlifeC.oftendowhatothersdoD.enjoybeingfooledandruled66.Thebesttitleofthepassagewillmostprobablybe____.A.TrainYourBodyB.TrainYourMindC.MakeInformedDecisionsD.ThinkHardandWorkHard
DTherisingcostsofhealthcarehavebecomeaproblemformanycountriesintheworlD.Todealwiththisproblemitisrecommendedthatabigpartofthegovernment'shealthbudgetbeusedforhealtheducationanddiseasepreventioninsteadoftreatment.Actuallymanykindsofdiseasesarepreventableinmanywaysandpreventingadiseaseisusuallymuchcheaperthantreatingit.ForexamplepeoplecouldavoidcatchingacoldiftheydressedwarmlywhentheweatherstartsgettingcolD.Butmanypeoplegetsickbecausetheyfailtodosoandhavetospendmoneyseeingadoctor.Dailyhabitslikeeatingmorehealthyfoodwouldhavekeptmillionsoffamiliesfrombecomingbankruptifthepatientshadtakenmeasuresforearlyprevention.Forinstancekeepingabalanceddietsuchasnotconsumingtoomuchanimalfatandinsuringasteadyintakeofvegetablesandfruitsseemstobequiteimportant.Oneveryeffectiveandcostlesswayofpreventionisregularexercisewhichisnecessaryforahealthymindandbody.Regularexercisesuchasrunningwalkingandplayingsportsisagoodwaytomakepeoplefeelbetterorreducestress.Inadditionhealtheducationplaysakeyroleinimprovingpeople'shealth.Bygivingpeoplemoreinformationabouthealthcountriescouldhelppeopleunderstandtheimportanceofdiseasepreventionandwaystoachieveit.Forexampleknowingone'sfamilymedicalhistoryisaneffectivewaytohelpkeephealthy.InformationabouthealthproblemsamongcloserelativeswillmakethemawareofwhattheyshoulddotopreventcertaindiseasesthroughlifestylechangeswhichwillworkbeforeitistoolatE.Howeverstressingdiseasepreventiondoesnotmeanmedicaltreatmentisunimportant.Afterallpreventionandtreatmentarejusttwodifferentmeanstowardthesameeffect.Inconclusionwecouldsavemoneyonhealthcareandtreatpatientsmoresuccessfullyifourcountryspendsmoremoneyonhealthpreventionandeducation.67.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.PreventionorEducation?B.PreventionorTreatment?C.HealthorIllness?D.ExerciseorIllness?68.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordbankrupt’’?A.UnabletobecuredB.Unabletopayone’sdebtsC.StrongerthaneverbeforeD.Moresuccessfulthaneverbefore69.Welearnfromthepassagethat.A.dressingwarmlycanpreventdiseasesB.abalanceddietischeaperthanregularexerciseC.themorehealtheducationthebetterD.thegovernment’shealthbudgetshouldbeincreased70.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?CPCentralPointPPointSpSub-point次要点C.Conclusion
SongsthatmakeourheartshappycanmakethemstrongertooUSresearchersreportedonTuesday.Theyfoundthatwhenpeoplelistenedtotheirfavoritemusictheirbloodvessels血管dilatedinmuchthesamewayaswhentheyarelaughingortakingbloodmedications.WehaveaprettyimpressiveeffectsaidDrMichaelMillerdirectorofpreventivecardiology心脏病学attheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenterinBaltimorE.BloodvesseldiameterimprovedhesaiD.Thevesselopenedupprettysignificantly.YoucanseethevesselsopeningupwithotheractivitiessuchasexercisE.A.similareffectisseenwithdrugssuchasstatins.Whenbloodvesselsopenupmorebloodflowsmoresmoothlyandislesslikelytoformtheclots凝块thatcauseheartattacksandstrokes.WearenotsayingtostopyourstatinsornottoexercisebutrathertoaddthistoanoverallprogramofhearthealthsaidMillerwhopresentedhisfindingstoameetingoftheAmericanHeartAssociationinNewOrleans.Miller'steamtested10healthynon-smokingmenandwomenwhoweretoldtobringtheirfavoritemusiC.Theyspenthalfanhourlisteningtotherecordingsandhalfanhourlisteningtomusictheysaidmadethemfeelanxiouswhiletheresearchersdidultrasoundtestsdesignedtoshowbloodvesselfunction.Comparedtotheirnormalbaselinemeasurementsbloodvesseldiameterincreased26percentonaveragewhenthevolunteersheardtheirjoyfulmusiC.Listeningtomusictheydisliked—inmostcasesinthisgroupheavymetal—bloodvesselsnarrowedbysixpercentMillersaiD.Millersaidhecameupwiththeideaafterdiscoveringthatlaughtercausedbloodtoliterallyflowmoresmoothly.IaskedmyselfwhatotherthingsmakeusfeelreallygoodbesidescaloriesfromdarkchocolateofcoursE.MusiccametominD....ItmakesmefeelreallygoodhesaiD.MostofthevolunteerschosecountrymusicbutMillersaidthestyleisnotsoimportantratherthanwhatpleaseseachindividual.1.Theunderlinedworddilateinparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto_____.A.widenB.moveC.changeD.increase2.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingwillNOTcausebloodvesselstoopenup?A.TakingexercisE.B.ListeningtounpleasantmusiC.C.Burstingintolaughter.D.Takingdrugslikestatins.3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_____.A.bloodclotsarecausedbyheartattacksandstrokesB.musicisbetterthanchocolateforyourhealthC.thestyleofmusichasdifferenteffectsondifferentpeopleD.aperson’soverallhealthismoreinfluencedbyhowmuchexercisehegets4.Whatisthepassagepossiblytakenoutfrom?A.A.scientificjournal.B.A.schooltextbook.C.A.medicalbrochurE.D.A.localnewspaper.5.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.PleasantMusicCuresB.ResearchintoBloodVesselC.MusicandHeartAttackD.MusicandHappiness
Smokingwhichmaybeapleasureforsomepeopleisaseriesofdiscomfortfortheirfellows.MedicalscientistshaveexpressedtheirconcernabouteffectofsmokingonthehealthnotonlyofthosewhosmokebutalsothosewhodonotsmokE.Infactnon-smokerswhotakeintheairpollutedbytobaccosmokesuffermorethanthesmokersthemselves.A.greatnumberofstudentsaretryingtopersuadetheuniversitytoforbidsmokinginclassrooms.Believetheyarecompletelyrightintheiraim.HoweverIthinkitmoreimportanttoachievethisbycallingonthesmokerstousegoodjudgmentandtoshowconcernforothers.Smokingisnotallowedintheaterscinemasandinotherpublicplaces.Thereforesmokingmustbeforbiddeninourclassroom.AlthoughmanypeoplehavepassedawayforhavingsmokedalotandwecallonpeopletogiveupsmokingyetmanymorethatarefollowingwillturndownwhatwesayeverydayabovealltheyoungpeoplesmokealotmorE.Inthewriter’sopinionsmokingdoesgoodto________.A.nobodyB.somepeopleC.smokersD.youngpeopleThephrasepassawayprobablymeans________.A.leaveone’shomeB.loseone’slifeC.passbyD.goawayAccordingtotheselectionwhichofthefollowingistrue?A.Smokerssufferfromthepollutedairmorethanthenon-smokers.B.Non-smokerssufferfromthepollutedairmorethanthesmokers.C.Non-smokerssufferasmuchfromthepollutedairasthesmokers.D.Non-smokersdon’tsuffersomuchfromthepollutedairasthesmokers.
BurnCaloriesinYourSleep?Theweight-lossworldisfullofassertions断言rarelyprovedthatsomepillcanhelpyouburncalorieswhileyousleep.ButarecentDutchstudyreportsthatitcanbedone–simplybyeatingmoreleanprotein无脂肪蛋白质.Researchersreportforthefirsttimethatconsumingnearlyathirdofdailycaloriesasleanprotein–forexampleleanmeatswithouttheskin–speedsupaperson’smetabolism新陈代谢duringsleepandthathigherproteinintakeincreasestheburningofcaloriesandfatduringtheday.Pluswhenthestudy’sparticipantswhowereallwomenofhealthyweightatemoreproteintheyfeltfullermoresatisfiedandlesshungrythanwhentheyconsumedadietwiththeamountofproteinabout10percentofcalories.Thefindingssuggestthataddingleanproteintoyourdailyfoodenablesyoutoreachthesamelevelofsatiety过饱thatyouareusedtowithabout80percentofyournormalenergyintakenotesMargrietWesterterp-PlantengA.Thatmeansyoucaneatabout20percentlessandstillhavethesamesatiety.Whatgivesproteinitscaloricedge?It’smoredifficultforthebodytometabolizeproteinthaneitherfatorcarbohydrates糖类.Thebodyalsodoesn’tstoreproteinasefficientlyasitdoescarbohydratesorfat.Soproteinismorelikelytobeburnedandthatinturnrequiresmoreoxygenandhelpsyoufeelsatisfiedinthehoursaftereating.Butthelatestfindingsdon’tmeanit’stimetodustoffthosehigh-proteindietbooks.Thecurrentstudylimitedfattoabout30percentofdailycaloriesandincluded40percentofcaloriesashealthycarbohydratesincludingfruitandvegetables.Forexamplelunchincludedbreadsoymilkfruityogurttunainwatertomatoescucumbersfetacheeseandsaladdressing.54.Accordingthefirstparagraphweknowthat______.A.there’refewstudiesonweight-lossintheworldB.manystudiesonweight-lossonlycheatcustomersC.onlyfewstudiesareusefulforweight-lossD.there’refewstudiesaboutleanprotein55.Accordingtothepassageleanproteincanhelpburncalorieswhileyousleepbecause______.A.itcanslowdownaperson’smetabolismB.it’sdifficultforthebodytometabolizeC.itwillnotmakeyoufeelfullD.it’seasytobestoredinthebody56.Theunderlinedphrasedustoffinthelastparagraphmeans______.A.getridofB.putawayC.getreadytorewriteD.getreadytoreuse57.Thepassageismainlytotellreaders______.A.thereisagooddietforweight-losersB.youcanburnyourcaloriesinyoursleepC.high-proteindietbookswillbepopularD.choosingrightfoodisofgreatuse
RecentlysomeAmericanscientistshavegivenausefulsincerepieceofadvicetopeopleinindustrializednationsthattheywouldbemuchhealthieriftheyatemoreofthesamekindoffoodeatenbyhumanslivingmorethan10000yearsago.Thescientistssaythatthehumanbodyhaschangedverylittlesincehumansfirstappearedontheearthbutthewaywelivehaschangedgreatly.Ourbodyhasnotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyleandthishasledtonewkindsofsicknesses.Thesenewsicknesseswerenotknowninancienttimessotheyarecalleddiseasesofcivilization.Manycancersanddiseasesofthebloodsystemincludingheartattacksandstrokes中风areexamplesofsuchdiseases.ScientistsnotedthatpeopleinboththeOldStoneAgeandtheNewStoneAgeenjoyedverylittlealcoholortobaccoprobablynonE.Ancientpeoplealsogotagreatdealofphysicalexercisebutachangeinfoodisoneofthemaindifferencesbetweenlifeinancienttimesandthatoftoday.Stone-agepeoplehuntedwildanimalsfortheirmeatwhichhadmuchlessfatthandomesticortameones家畜.Theyalsoatealotoffreshwildvegetablesandfruits.Theydidn’thavemilkoranyotherdairyproductsandtheymadeverylittleuseofgrains.ButtodayweeatalargeamountofthesE.Weeatsixtimesmoresaltthanourremoteancestors.Weeatmoresugar.WeeattwiceasmuchfatbutonlyonethirdasmuchproteinandmuchlessvitaminC.PeopletodayprobablydonotwanttolivethewaypeoplethousandsofyearsagodidbutscientistssaythatwewouldbemuchhealthierifweatemuchthesamewayasremoteancestorsdidcuttingtheamountoffattysaltyandsweetfooD.67.Whatisthemaincausethatpeoplesufferfromalotofnewsicknesses?A.AncientpeopledidagreatdealofphysicalexercisE.B.Peopletodayhavealotofalcohol.C.Peopletodayhavemoretobacco.D.Foodtodayisquitedifferentfromthatofancienttimes.68.Whichofthefollowingbelongstothedairyproducts?A.MilkB.CornC.PorkD.Flour69.Newkindsofsicknesseshavebeenfoundbecause________.A.thehumanbodyhaschangedcomparedwithhumanswhofirstappearedontheearthB.thewaywelivehaschangedalittleC.ourbodycan’tdealwiththechangesinlifestyleD.thewaywelivetodayisproperforthehumanbody70.AccordingtosomescientistsStone-agepeopleweremuchhealthierthanpeopletodaybecausetheyatealotof________.A.milkandotherdairyproductsB.saltandsugarC.wildanimalsfreshwildvegetablesandfruitsD.grainfoods
Anydietonwhichyoueatfewercaloriesthanyouneedtogetthroughtheday—likean800-calorie-per-daydietcanbedangerous.Dietsthatdon'tallowanyfatalsocanbebadforyou.Everyoneneedsacertainamountoffatintheirdiet—upto30%oftotalcalories—sonooneshouldeatacompletelyfat-freediet.Don'thavedietsthatrestrict限制certainfoodgroupseither.A.dietthatrequiresyoutosaynotobreadorpastaorallowsyoutoeatonlyfruitisunhealthy.Youwon'tgetthevitaminsandmineralsyouneeD.Andalthoughyoumayloseweightyou'llprobablygainitbackassoonasyoustarteatingnormallyagain.Somepeoplestartdietingbecausetheythinkalltheproblemsintheirlivesarebecauseofweight.Othershaveanareaoftheirlivesthattheycan'tcontrollikeanalcoholicparentsotheyfocusonsomethingtheycancontrol—theirexerciseandfoodintakE.PeoplewhodietmaygetlotsofpraisefromfriendsandfamilywhentheystartlosingpoundswhichmakesthemfeelgooD.Buteventuallyapersonreachesaweightlevel—anddoesn'tloseasmuchweightasbeforebecausethebodyistryingtokeepahealthyweightsotheyaren'tanyhappier.SomepeoplemayfindithardtocontroltheireatingsotheystickwithanextremedietforalittlewhilebuttheneattonsoffooD.Feelingguiltyaboutthebingetheyuselaxatives泻药.Eatingtoolittletomaintainahealthyweightoreatingonlytothrowupthecaloriesarebotheatingdisorderswhichareharmfultoaperson'shealth.1.Whichisnottheresultofrestrictingcertainfoodgroups?A.loseweightforashortperiodB.unhealthyC.shortofnutritionD.hungry2.ThereasonswhysomepeoplestartandkeepdietingDON’Tinclude__________.A.Theythinktheirtroublecomesfromtheirweight.B.Theyhaveanalcoholicparent.C.Otherpeople’spraisewhentheylosesomeweight.D.Thereissomethingtheycan’tcontrolexceptfoodintakE.3.Theunderlinedphraseinthelastparagraphrefersto_________.A.afat-freedietB.aspecialdietC.eatingtoomuchD.eatingtoolittle4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.A.personneedsabout800calorieseachday.B.A.personwhodoesn’teatbreadisunhealthy.C.Animproperdietmaycauseeatingdisorder.D.Fattakesupthemostpartofcaloriesinsidebody.5.Accordingtothepassagewhenpeoplewanttoloseweighttheyshould_________.A.avoideatingsomefoodthatcanleadtobeingfatB.controltheireatingamountandtimesC.haveahealthyandbalanceddietD.throwupsomeofwhattheyeat
InterpersonalDistanceWiththeoutbreakofSARSeveryonetriedtoavoidcomingintoclosecontactwitheachother.Inthosedaysinterpersonaldistanceincreasedclosecontactalmostbecamesynonymouswithdangerandevenchildrencouldn’thaveclosecontactwiththeirmothers.NowSARShasdisappearedandwereturnbacktonormallivingagain.Thenhowcanwedohandleinterpersonaldistanceinoureverydaylives?Studiesshowthatinterpersonaldistancecanbedividedinto4differenttypes:intimatedistancepersonaldistancesocialdistanceandpublicdistancE.Intimatedistanceistheinterpersonaldistanceofapersonwiththepeopleclosesttohimorher.Itrangesfrom0to45cm.Whenastrangercomeswithinthisdistanceapersonwillhavestrongnegativereaction.Incrowdedbusesstrangersusuallymaintainrigidposesandtrytoavoidbodycontactbutcouplesloverschildrenandtheirmothersusuallyleanclosetoeachother.Intimateswhoaren’tabletoliveclosetogetherforalongtimecanbecomealienateD.Alsotouchingisalsoveryimportant.Acontrasttestshowsthatthenervoussystemsofbabieswhoareoftencaressedbytheirmothersdevelopmuchfasterandtheirweightincreasesfasterby47%thanthatofotherbabies.Personaldistancerangesfrom45cmto1m.Peoplecanconversegeniallyatthisdistancewithoutinvadingeachother’spersonalspacE.WhenfriendsandacquaintancesmeetonthestreettheyusuallygreetandconverseatthisdistancE.Socialdistancegenerallyrangesfrom1mto3m.Amongthisrange1-2misusuallythedistanceinwhichpeopledealwithprivateaffairsinsocialactivities.Forexamplewhenyougetmoneyfrombanksinordertoprotectyourprivacyothercustomersarerequiredtostandatleast1mawayfromyou.2-3.5misafarthersocialdistancE.BusinesstalksusuallyoccuratthisdistancE.BesidestalkingpropereyecontactisalsoindispensablE.OtherwiseeachsidewillfeeldisrespecteD.Publicdistanceisusuallyusedinpublicgatherings.Itgenerallyrangesfrom3.5mtoabout7m.Beyondthisrangepeoplecan’tcommunicateusinganormalvoicE.Inclassroomsexperiencedteachersusuallyleavetheirlectureplatformstoenhancetheirteaching.UnderdifferentculturalcontextstheinterpersonaldistancediffersslightlybutitsbasiclawsarethesamE.Whenconversingpeopleinloveleanveryclosetoeachotheracquaintancesleancloserthanstrangersfemalesleancloserthanmalesandextravertsleancloserthanintroverts.Inlifeharmoniousinterpersonalrelationshipsaresetuponproperinterpersonaldistancesandsomeconflictsstartfromimproperinterpersonaldistances.Accordingtothetextthestrangersstandingclosetoeachotherinacrowdedbusmay_________.A.trytokeepadistanceawayB.feeluneasyC.feelnervousD.berudetoeachotherThedistancebetweenateacherandstudentsinclassbelongsto_________.A.intimatedistanceC.personaldistanceC.socialdistanceD.publicdistanceTheinterpersonaldistancebetweentwopeopleismainlydeterminedby_________.A.howfamiliartheyarewitheachotherB.theirrelationshipinaspecialactivityC.theircharactersD.theirculturalbackgroundTokeepproperinterpersonaldistanceisimportantbecause_________.A.itmakespeoplefeelrespectedorlovedB.ithelpstoprotectprivacyC.wronginterpersonaldistancemayresultinmisunderstandingD.improperinterpersonaldistancemayhurtothers
LIPITORABOUTLIPITORLipitor【医】立普妥isaprescriptionmedicinE.Alongwithdietandexerciseitlowersbad'cholesterol胆固醇inyourblooD.Itcanalsoraisegood''cholesterol.Lipitorcanlowertheriskofheartattackinpatientswithseveralcommonriskfactorsincludingfamilyhistoryofearlyheartdiseasehighbloodpressureageandsmoking.WHOISLIPITORFOR?WhocantakeLIPITOR·Peoplewhocannotlowertheircholesterolenoughwithdietandexercise·Adultsandchildrenoverl0WhoshouldNOTtakeLIPITOR·Womenwhoarepregnantmaybepregnantormaybecomepregnant.Lipitormayharmyourunbornbaby.·womenwhoarebreast-feeding.Lipitorcanpassintoyourbreastmilkandmayharmyourbaby.·Peoplewithliver肝脏problemsPOSSIBLESIDEEFFECTSOFLIPITORSerioussideeffectsinasmallnumberofpeople·Muscle肌肉problemsthatcanleadtokidney肾脏problemsincludingkidneyfailure·Liverproblems.YourdoctormaydobloodteststocheckyourliverbeforeyoustartLipitorandwhileyouaretakingit.Callyourdoctorrightawayifyouhave·Unexplainedmusclepainorweaknessespeciallyifyouhaveafeverorfeelveryfired·Swellingofthefacelipstongueand／orthroatthatmaycausedifficultyinbreathingorswallowing·StomachpainSomecommonsideeffectsofLIPITORare·Musclepain·Upsetstomach·ChangesinsomebloodtestsHOWTOTAKELIPITORDO·TakeLipitorasprescribedbyyourdoctor.·Trytoeatheart-healthyfoodswhileyoutakeLipitor.·TakeLipitoratanytimeofdaywithorwithoutfooD.·Ifyoumissadose一剂takeitassoonasyouremember.Butifithasbeenmorethan12hourssinceyourmisseddosewait.TakethenextdoseatyourregulartimE.Don't·Donotchangeorstopyourdosebeforetalkingtoyourdoctor.·Donotstartnewmedicinesbeforetalkingtoyourdoctor.WhatisamajorfunctionofLipitor?A.Tohelpquitsmoking.B.TocontrolbloodpressurE.C.Toimproveunhealthydiet.D.Tolowerbadcholesterol.TakingLipitorishelpfulfor____________________.A.breast-feedingwomenB.womenwhoarepregnantC.adultshavingheartdiseaseD.teenagerswithliverproblems.Ifithasbeenover12hourssinceyoumissedadoseyoushould____________.A.changetheamountofyournextdoseB.eatmorewhentakingyournextdoseC.haveadoseassoonasyourememberD.takethenextdoseatyourregulartimeWhichofthefollowingisacommonsideeffectoftakingLipitor?A.Faceswelling.B.Upsetstomach.C.KidneyfailurE.D.Muscleweakness.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toteachpatientswaysforquickrecovery.B.Topresentareportonascientificresearch.C.ToshowtheimportanceofagoodlifestylE.D.TogiveinformationaboutakindofmedicinE.
Eathealthier.Exercisetwiceaweek.Readmorebooks.Loseweight.Wemakethesameresolutions决心everyyearbutmostofusfaildyingoutafteronlyafewdaysoratbestweeks.EventhemostsuccessfulamonguscrashandburnwhenitcomestopersonalchangE.President-electBarackObamastrugglestoremovehiscigarettehabit.Professionalswhohelppeoplemakechangesintheirlivessuggestthechangeisdeterminednotbyone'ssurroundingsbutone'sminD.Beginningwithsmallgoalsorstepsusuallyleadstoabiggerpayofflatertheysay.ButtheycautionthattheexperienceisdifferentforeveryonE.PeoplearemorelikelytomakepositivechangesintheirlivesnotonlywhentheirfriendsdobutwhentheirfriendsoffriendsdoandwhentheirfriendsoffriendsoffriendsdosaidNicholasChristakisaprofessorofmedicalsociologyatHarvardUniversity.Peoplearebetterabletomakechangesintheirlives-loseweightquitsmokingbecomehappy-whentheydothiswithalargenumberofotherpeopleandsotakingadvantageofyoursocialnetworktiescanresultinamagnificationofyourownefforts.JhonnyAugustinunderstandsthatwell.Hisresolutionfor2008wastoshed30poundsfromhis237-poundframE.Butthechangedidn'tcomeeasily.HesaidI'mahugeprocrastinatorIkeptputtingitoffuntiltomorrow.Ididn'tgettodoituntilthesummer.HoweverAugustingotinspiredwhenhesawhisolderbrotherworkingout.TodayAugustinweighs190pounds.Ofcoursechangecanhappenonlyifpeopledon'tsettheirexpectationstoohighortrytotackletoomanychangesatonce;oneofthebiggestmistakeswemakeissettingunrealisticgoalssaidDaliaLleraapsychologistandassociateprofessorofcounselingandpsychologyatLesleyUniversity.Youcan'taccomplishinafewweekswhatyouhaven'taccomplishedinafewyearssaidLlerA.46.Fromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthat.A.changeforapersonischallengingB.famouspeoplehavegreatdeterminationC.mostpeopledon’twanttochangethemselvesD.personalchangeisbeyondbelief47.ItisknownfromNicholaschristkisthat.A.makingachangeiseasierwithsupportfromacheerfulgroupoffriendsB.socialnetworkshavegreateffectonone’schangeC.peoplewhohavethesameattitudeoftengettogetherD.people’smoodcancontributetotheirefforts48.ThewordprocrastinatorinParagraph4referstothosewho.A.havegreatdeterminationtomakeachangeB.havenodesiretodosomethinggreatC.putoffworkespeciallybecauseoflazinessD.havehabitualcarelessnessandlaziness49.AccordingtothepassageDaliaLierasuggestedthat.A.peopleshouldunderstandtheirgoalswellB.peopleshouldtrytheirbesttochangethemselvesC.peopleshouldhaveconfidenceandpositivehabitsD.peopleshouldstartwithsettingsmallgoalstomeet50.Thepassageismainlyabout.A.thereasonwhylosingweightissohardB.theeffectofthepositivechangeC.theattitudestowardschangeinlifeD.thewaysofmakingachange
LEEDSEngland-ALeedsUniversitypsychology心理学professoristeachingacoursetohelpdozensofpeopleforgivestopbeingangrywiththeirenemies.Thehatred憎恨weholdwithinusisacancerProfessorKenHartsaidaddingthatholdinginangercanleadtoproblemssuchashighbloodpressureandheartdiseasE.Morethan70peoplehavebecomemembersinHart’sfirst20-weekworkshopinLondon—acoursehesaysisthefirstofitskindintheworlD.Thesearepeoplewhoaresickandtiredoflivingwithamemory.TheyrealizetheirbitternessisapoisontheythinktheycanpouroutbuttheyendupdrinkingitthemselvessaidCanadian-bornHart.Thestudentsmeetingroupsofeighttotenforatwo-hourworkshopwithanadvisereveryfortnight.=twoweeksThecourseendinginJulyisexpectedtogetridofthecancerofhateinthesepeoplE.Peoplehavelotsofnegative消极的attitudestowardsforgivenesshesaiD.Peopleconfuse把混同forgivenesswithforgetting.Forgivenessmeanschangingfromanegativeattitudetoapositiveone.HartandhisteamhavemadeinstructionstoprovidethetrainingneedeD.ThemainideaistogiveyouguidelinesonhowtolookatvariouskindsofangersandhowtheyaffectyouandhowtochangeyourattitudestowardthepersonyouareangrywithsaidNormanClaringbullaseniorexpertontheforgivenessprojectHartsaidhebelievesforgivenessisaskillthatcanbetaughtasthesepeoplewanttogetfreeofthepast.59.Fromthispassageweknowthat.A.highbloodpressureandheartdiseasearecausedbyhatredB.highbloodpressurecanonlybecuredbypsychologyprofessorsC.withouthatredpeoplewillhavelesstroubleconnectedwithbloodandheartD.peoplewhosufferfrombloodpressureandheartdiseasemusthavemanyenemies60.Ifyouareangrywithsomebodyyoushould.A.tryyourbesttodefeathimorherB.nevermeethimorheragainC.persuadehimorhertohaveatalkwithyouD.relaxyourselfbynotthinkingofhimorheranymore61.InHart’sfirst20-weekworkshoppeopletherecan.A.meettheirenemiesB.changetheirmindsC.enjoytheprofessor’sspeechD.learnhowtoquarrelwithothers62.IfyouareamemberinHart’sworkshopyou’ll.A.paymuchmoneytoHartB.gototheworkshopeverynightC.attendagatheringtwiceamonthD.pourouteverythingstoredinyourmind
DrunkendrivingsometimescalledAmerican'ssociallyacceptedformofmurderhasbecomeanationalepidemic流行病.EveryhourofeverydayaboutthreeAmericansonaveragearekilledbydrunkendriversaddinguptoanincredible250000overthepasttenyears.Adrunkendriverisusuallyreferredtoasonewith0.10-bloodalcoholcontentorroughlythreebeersglassesofwinesorshotsofwhiskydrunkwithintwohours.HeavydrinkingusedtobeanacceptablepartoftheAmericanmanlyimageandjudgeswerelenientinmostcourtsbutthedrunkenkillinghasrecentlycausedsomanywell-publicizedtragediesespeciallyconcerningyoungchildrenthatpublicopinionisnolongertolerant.Twentystateshaveraisedthelegaldrinkingageto21reversingatrend逆转潮流inthe1960storeduceitto18.AfterNewJerseylowereditto18thenumberofpeoplekilledby18-20-year-olddriversmorethandoubledsothestaterecentlyuppeditbackto21.Reformershoweverfearraisingthedrinkingagewillhavelittleeffectunlessaccompaniedbyeducationalprogramstohelpyoungpeopletodevelopresponsibleattitudesaboutdrinkingandteachthemtoresistpeerpressuretodrink.Somestatesarepunishingbarsforservingcustomerstoomanydrinks.AbarinMassachusettswasfinedforservingsixormoredoublebrandiestoacustomerwhowasobviouslydrunkandlaterdroveoffthelandkillinganine-year-oldboy.AstheaccidentscontinuetooccurdailyineverystatesomeAmericansareevenbeginningtospeakwellofthe13yearsnationalprohibition禁令ofalcoholthatbeganin1919whichPresidentHoovercalledthenobleexperiment.Theyforgetthatlegalprohibitiondidn'tstopdrinkingbutencouragedpoliticalcorruption腐败andorganizedcrimE.Aswiththeboomingdrugtradegenerallythereisnoeasysolution.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatdrunkendrivinghasbecomeamajorproblemintheUnitedStatesbecause___.A.mostAmericanslikedrinkingB.heavydinkingishardtoavoidC.AmericansarenotshockedbytrafficaccidentsD.manyAmericansarekilledbytrafficaccidentsWhatcanbeinferredfromthefactofthetrafficaccidentsinNewJersey?A.Driversshouldnotbeallowedtodrink.B.YoungdriverswereusuallybaD.C.ThelegaldrinkingageshouldberaiseD.D.Somedriversdidn'treachthelegaldrinkingagE.Theunderlinedwordlenientinthefirstparagraphmeans___.A.cruelB.seriousC.determinedD.merciful[来源:Z§Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthewriter'sopinionofdrunkendriving?A.ItmaycauseorganizedcrimE.B.Thenewlawscanstopheavydrinking.C.Thereshouldbenobarstoservedrinks.D.Itisdifficulttosolvetheproblem.
Nomatterhowlongyourlifeyouwillatbestbeabletoreadonlyafewbooksofallthathavebeenwrittenandthefewyoudoreadshouldincludethebest.Youcanrejoiceinthefactthatthenumberofsuchisrelativelysmall.________________YetthereisasurprisinguniformityinthelistswhichrepresentthebestchoicesofanyperioD.Ineveryagethelistmakersincludebothancientandmodernbooksintheirselectionsandtheyalwayswonderwhetherthemodernsareuptothegreatbooksofthepast.Whatarethesignsbywhichwemayrecognizeagreatbook?ThefourIwillmentionmaynotbealltheyarebuttheyaretheonesI’vefoundmostusefulinexplainingmychoicesovertheyears.GreatbooksareprobablythemostwidelyreaD.Theyarenotbestsellersforayearortwo.Theyareenduringbestsellers.GONEWITHTHEWINDhashadrelativelyfewreaderscomparedtotheplaysofShakespeareorDONQUIXOTE.ItwouldbereasonabletoestimatethatHomer’sIliad伊丽亚特hasbeenreadbyatleast25000000peopleinthelast3000years.GreatbooksarepopularnotpedantiC.Theyarenotwrittenbyspecialistsaboutspecialtiesforspecialists.Whethertheyarephilosophyorscienceorhistoryorpoetrytheytreatofhumannotacademicproblems.Theyarewrittenformennotprofessors.Toreadatextbookforadvancedstudentsyouhavetoreadanelementarytextbookfirst.Butthegreatbookscanbeconsideredelementaryinthesensethattheytreattheelementsofanysubjectmatter.Theyarenotrelatedtooneanotherasaseriesoftextbooksgradedindifficultyorinthetechnicalityoftheproblemswithwhichtheydeal.GreatbooksarealwayscontemporarythemostreadableandinstructivE.GreatbooksdealwiththepersistentlyunsolvedproblemsofhumanlifE.Therearegenuinemysteriesintheworldthatmarkthelimitsofhumanknowingandthinking.Inquirynotonlybeginswithwonderbutusuallyendswithitalso.Greatmindsacknowledgemysterieshonestly.Wisdomisfortifiednotdestroyedbyunderstandingitslimitations.64.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputintheblankinthesecondparagraph?A.GreatbooksdealwiththepersistentlyunsolvedproblemsofhumanlifE.B.ItistobeexpectedthattheselectionswillchangewiththetimesC.Thelistingofthebestbooksisasoldasreadingandwriting.D.Thefundamentalhumanproblemsremainthesameinallages.65.AccordingtotheauthorGoneWithTheWindis________.A.abestsellerB.disgustedbyreaderswholikeShakespeareC.readmoreoftenthanDonQuixoteD.agreatbook66.Inthepassagepedanticmeans________.A.showingthefeelingsespthoseofkindnesswhichpeoplearesupposedtohaveB.servingaspracticalexamplesC.beingelementaryD.payingtoomuchattentiontodetailsinbooks67.Thebesttitleforthispassageis________.A.GreatBooksinYourLifeB.GreatBooksinYourSpecialityC.HowtoFindaGreatBook?D.WhatIsaGreatBook?
Theweight-lossworldisfullofassertions①rarelyprovedthatsomepillcanhelpyouburncalorieswhileyousleep.ButarecentDutchstudyreportsthatitcanbedone–simplybyeatingmoreleanprotein②.Researchersreportforthefirsttimethatconsumingnearlyathirdofdailycaloriesasleanprotein–forexampleleanmeatswithouttheskin–speedsupaperson’smetabolism③duringsleepandthathigherproteinintakeincreasestheburningofcaloriesandfatduringtheday.Pluswhenthestudy’sparticipantswhowereallwomenofhealthyweightatemoreproteintheyfeltfullermoresatisfiedandlesshungrythanwhentheyconsumedadietwiththeamountofproteinabout10percentofcalories.Thefindingssuggestthataddingleanproteintoyourdailyfoodenablesyoutoreachthesamelevelofsatiety④thatyouareusedtowithabout80percentofyournormalenergyintakenotesMargrietWesterterp-PlantengA.Thatmeansyoucaneatabout20percentlessandstillhavethesamesatiety.Whatgivesproteinitscaloricedge?It’smoredifficultforthebodytometabolizeproteinthaneitherfatorcarbohydrates⑤.Thebodyalsodoesn’tstoreproteinasefficientlyasitdoescarbohydratesorfat.Soproteinismorelikelytobeburnedandthatinturnrequiresmoreoxygenandhelpsyoufeelsatisfiedinthehoursaftereating.Butthelatestfindingsdon’tmeanit’stimetodustoffthosehigh-proteindietbooks.Thecurrentstudylimitedfattoabout30percentofdailycaloriesandincluded40percentofcaloriesashealthycarbohydratesincludingfruitandvegetables.Forexamplelunchincludedbreadsoymilkfruityogurttunainwatertomatoescucumbersfetacheeseandsaladdressing.1.Accordingthefirstparagraphweknowthat______.A.there’refewstudiesonweight-lossintheworldB.manystudiesonweight-lossonlycheatcustomersC.onlyfewstudiesareusefulforweight-lossD.there’refewstudiesaboutleanprotein2.Accordingtothepassageleanproteincanhelpburncalorieswhileyousleepbecause______.A.itcanslowdownaperson’smetabolismB.it’sdifficultforthebodytometabolizeC.itwillnotmakeyoufeelfullD.it’seasytobestoredinthebody3.Theunderlinedphrasedustoffinthelastparagraphmeans______.A.getridofB.putawayC.getreadytorewriteD.getreadytoreuse4.Thepassageismainlytotellreaders______.A.thereisagooddietforweight-losersB.youcanburnyourcaloriesinyoursleepC.high-proteindietbookswillbepopularD.choosingrightfoodisofgreatuse
SleepinginonSaturdayafterafewweeksoftoolittleshuteyemayfeelrefreshingbutitcangiveafalsesenseofsecurity.Newresearchshowslong-termsleeplosscannotbecuredthateasily.Scientistsresearchedtheeffectsofshort-andlong-termsleeplossandfoundthatthosewhosufferlong-termsleeplossmayfunctionnormallysoonafterwakingupbutexperiencesteadilyslowerreactiontimesasthedaygoesbyeveniftheyhadtriedtocatchupthepreviousnight.Theresearchhasimportantsafetysignificancesinanincreasinglybusysocietynotjustforshift-workersbutfortheroughlyoneinsixAmericanswhoregularlygetsixhoursorlessofsleepanight.Weknowthatstayingawake24hourswithoutsleepwillaffectyourperformancetodoallsortsofthingsandthiseffectequalstodrinkingtoomuchwhendrivingsaidleadresearcherDr.DanielCohenofBoston’sBrighamandWomen’sHospital.Butwhenthosewhosufferlong-termsleeplossbecomeall-nighterstheharmisincreasedtentimesCohensaiD.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthsaysadultsneedsevenhourstoninehoursofsleepforgoodhealth.Regularlygettingtoolittlesleepincreasestheriskofhealthproblemsincludingmemoryimpairmentandaweakenedimmunesystem.Moreimmediatelytoolittlesleepaffectsreactiontimes;sleepinessistoblameforcarcrashesandotheraccidents.IthascriticallyimportantcomplicatedandunexpectedresultsforanyonewhoworkscrazyhoursandthinkstheyareperformingfinewithafewhoursofweeknightsleepsaidHarrisdirectoratNewYork’sMontefioreMedicalCenter.Don’tthinkyoucanjustbankupyoursleepontheweekendbecauseitdoesn’tworkthatwayhewarneD.61.Thetextmainlyadvisespeople______.A.tosleepmoretimeB.tosleepinonSaturdayC.tosleepscientificallyD.tosleeplittleonweekend62.Peoplewithlong-termsleeploss______.A.arequickerinthinkingB.mayfeelrefreshedsoonafterwakingupC.aresurelyenergeticD.canhaveastrongsenseofsecurity63.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.MostoftheAmericansgetsixhoursorlessofsleepanight.B.Stayingupisworseforthosewhosufferlong-termsleeploss.C.Trafficaccidentshavelittletodowithsleepiness.D.OneinsixAmericansareall-nighters.64.Whichofthefollowingistheimmediateeffectoflong-termsleeploss?A.HealthproblemsB.ImmunesystemC.ReactiontimesD.Memoryimpairment65.Theunderlinedphrasebankupinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans____.A.pileupB.pickupC.addupD.buildup
ItisdifficultfordoctorstohelpapersonwithadamagedbrainWithoutenoughbloodthebrainlivesforonlythreetofiveminutesMoreoftenthedoctorscan’tfixthedamageSometimestheyareafraidtotrysomethingtohelpbecauseitisdangeroustoworkonthebrainThedoctorsmightmakethepersonworseifheoperatesonthebrainDr.RobertWhiteafamousprofessoranddoctorthinksheknowsawaytohelpHethinksdoctorsshouldmakethebrainverycolD.Ifitisverycoldthebraincanlivewithoutbloodfor30minutes.Thisgivesthedoctoralongertimetodosomethingforthebrain.Dr.Whitetriedhisideaon13monkeys.Firsthetaughtthemtododifferentjobsthenheoperatedonthem.Hemadethemonkeys’bloodbacktothemonkeys’brains.Whenthebrain’stemperaturewas10℃Dr.Whitestoppedthebloodtothebrain.After30minutesheturnedthebloodbackon.Hewarmedthebloodagain.AftertheiroperationsthemonkeyswereliketheyhadbeenbeforE.Theywerehealthyandbusy.Eachonecouldstilldothejobsthedoctorhadtaughtthem.6.Thebiggestdifficultyinoperatingonthedamagedbrainisthat_____.A.thetimeistooshortfordoctorsB.thepatientsareoftentoonervousC.thedamageisextremelyhardtofixD.theblood-coolingmachinemightbreakdownw*w7.Thebrainoperationwasmadepossiblemainlyby.A.takingthebloodoutofthebrainB.tryingtheoperationonmonkeysfirstC.havingthebloodgothroughamachineD.loweringthebrain’stemperature8.WithDr.White’snewideatheoperationonthedamagedbrain.A.canlastaslongas30minutesB.cankeepthebrain’sbloodwarmC.cankeepthepatient’sbrainhealthyD.canhelpmonkeysdodifferentjobs9.Whatistherightorderofthestepsintheoperations?A.sendthecooledbacktothebrainB.stopthebloodtothebrainC.havethebloodcooleddownD.operateonthebrainA.abcdB.cabdC.cbdaD.bcda10.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?A.Ifthereisn’tenoughbloodthebraincanliveforonlythreetofiveminutes.B.Ifthebrainisverycolditcanlivewithoutbloodforhalfanhour.C.Dr.Whitetriedhisideaforthirteentimes.D.Aftertheiroperationsthemonkeyswerehealthyandbusyagain
D.Peoplebelievesthatclimbingcandogoodtohealth.Wherecanyoulearntheskillofclimbingthen?Ifyouthinkthatyouhavetogotothemountainstolearnhowtoclimbyou’rewrong.ManyAmericansarelearningtoclimbincitygyms体育馆.Herepeoplearelearningonclimbing.Theclimbingwallgoesstraightupandsmallholdingplacesforhandsandfeet.Howdopeopleclimbthewall?Toclimbyouneedspecialshoesand保护带aroundyourchesttoholdyou.Thereareropes绳索tiedtoyour.Theropesholdyouinplacesothatyoudon’tfall.A.beginner’swallisusuallyabout15feethighandyouclimbstraightup.Therearesmallpiecesofmetalthatstickoutforyoutostandonandholdonto.Sometimesit’seasytoseethenewpieceofmetal.Sometimesit’snot.Themostdifficultisyourfear.It’snormalforhumanstobeafraidoffallingsoit’sdifficultnottofeelfear.ButwhenyoumoveawayfromthewalltheropesholdyouandyoubegintofeelsafE.Youmoveslowlyuntilyoureachthetop.Climbingattractspeoplebecauseit’sgoodexerciseforalmosteveryonE.Youuseyourwholebodyespeciallyyourarmsandlegs.Thissportgivesyourbodyacompleteworkout.Whenyouclimbbothyourmindandyourbodycanbecomestronger.68.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Peoplearefairlyinterestedinclimbingnowadays.B.Itisimpossibletobuildupone’sbodybyclimbing.C.Peoplecanonlylearntheskillofclimbingoutdoors.D.Itisalwayseasytoseeholdingplacesinclimbing.69.Themostdifficultthingtodoinwallclimbingis_______.A.totieropestoyourB.tocontrolyourfearC.tomoveawayfromthewallD.toclimbstraightup70.Thewordworkoutunderlinedinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans_________.A.settlementB.exerciseC.excitementD.tiredness71.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?A.Totellpeoplewheretofindgyms.B.ToprovethebasicneedforclimbingC.Toencouragepeopletoclimbmountains.D.introducethesportofwallclimbing
第Ⅱ卷非选择题共35分第四部分写作共两节满分35分第一节任务型阅读共10小题每小题1分满分10分认真阅读下列短文并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词注意每个空格只填1个单词请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上Attentiondeficit不足hyperactivity活动过度disorderisknownbythelettersA.D.H.D.withA.D.H.D.mighthavetroublepayingattention.Theymightnotseemtolistenandmightforgetthings.Theymightnotbeabletostayseatedorplayquietly.Theymighttalktoomuchandactandspeakwithoutthinkingabouttheresultsoftheirbehavior.TheseareamongthesignsnamedonthewebsiteofAmerica'sCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Doctorsusuallyidentifythedisorderinchildren.ButexpertssaythebehaviorsoftenlastintoadulthooD.Researchershavebeenlookingforthecauseorcausesofattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder.Nowabrain-imagingstudyoffersmoreevidencethatcouldleadtonewwaystotreatit.Researcherssaytheyobservedshortagesinthebrain'srewardsysteminpatientswithA.D.H.D.Thestudyfoundthatlevelsofsomeproteinswerelowerthannormal.NoraVolkowdirectoroftheNationalInstituteonDrugAbusesaysthelackofattentionandself-controlthatmarkA.D.H.D.couldbecausedbyproblemintheflowofdopamine多巴胺.Shesayspeoplemighthavedifficultycompletinganactivityiftheycannotexpectsomekindofrewardinreturn.Researchersstudiedthepathwaysonwhichdopaminetravelsin53adultswithA.D.H.D.DoctorVolkowsaystheresearchersthencomparedthepathwaystothoseof44adultswithoutthedisorder.TherewasalowerconcentrationofdopaminemarkersinthebrainofindividualswithA.D.H.D.specificallyintheareasofthebrainthatareinvolvedwithrewardandmotivation.Andthedopaminelevelsweredirectlylinkedtotheseverityofthepatient'sinattentionshesays.ThestudyusedbrainimagestakenatBrookhavenNationalLaboratoryinNewYorkStatE.Gene-JackWingischairmanoftheBrookhavenmedicaldepartment.HesaysthefindingmightalsohelpexplainwhypeoplewithA.D.H.D.aremerelikelytoabusedrugsorovereat.Hesaystheymightbeattemptingtoincreasetheirdopaminelevelstomakeupforthedeficitsintheirrewardsystem.TitleThefindingof76_____.The77_____ofChildrenwithA.D.H.D.Theyarelackingin78_______.Perhapstheydon’tseemtolisten.Perhapstheyare79______.Perhapstheycan’tsitfor80______orplayquietly.Theymighttalktoomuchandactandspeakwithout81______theresultsoftheirbehaviorThe82_____ofA.D.H.D.PatientswithA.D.H.D.are83______ofthebrain'srewardsystem.Levelsofsomeproteinsarelowerthannormal.Levelsdopamineare84______aswellReasonsofabusingDrugsTheyaretryingto85______theirdopamine
Doyoublankoutorfeelsonervousinexamsthatyouhavetroublewritinganswerstoquestionsthatyouknewjustlastnight?Ifsoyoulikelyhaveacaseoftestanxiety.Butdon'tbeafraiD.Byrecognizingtheproblemyouaretakingthefirststeptowardsovercomingit.Believeitornotatouchofnervousnesscansharpenyourmindallowingyoutoperformmorequickly.Thisisbecauseunderstressthebodyreleases释放thehormoneadrenaline肾上腺素whichpreparesitforsomethingimportantthatwillhappen.Howevertoomuchanxietycanresultinsleeplessnesslossofappetite胃口beforetestsandpoorperformancE.SomepeoplemightfeelhotandtireD.Withgreatangertheyoftenshoutorcomplainfornoreason.Ifyouworryalotorareaperfectionistyouaremorelikelytohavetroublewithtestanxiety.Thosewhohavepreparedpoorlyforatestorhavehadnegativeexperiencestakingtestsmayalsoexperiencetestanxiety.Whenyoufeelastormofanxietycomingonstopwhatyou'redoingandmakeyourmindablank.Ifpossibleactuallytellyourselfto'STOP!'Thiswillgetyourmindoffthestress.Thenthinkwww..comofbeingataplaceofcomfortandletyourbodyrelax.Asyoucontinuethetestfindquestionsyouknowtheanswerstoandanswerthemfirst.ThiswillhelprestoreyourconfidencE.ImportantofalltalktoyourselfusingpositivelanguagE.Makeitahabittoreplaceeachnegativethoughtwithalogicalreason.Forexample:I'vestudiedhardandIknowthematerialsoI'mreadytodothebestIcan.Anotherthingyoucandoistolearntoacceptmistakes.Infacttheycanbevaluablelearningopportunities.Lastbutnotleaststarttestpreparationearly-threetofivedaysaheadofthequizortest.Afterallgoodstudyhabitsandskills-forexampletimemanagementandnote-taking-willgiveyouthefeelingthatyouareincontrol.Thebesttitleofthepassageisprobably______A.Howtobeattestanxiety.B.Whatistestanxiety.C.Theeffectsoftestanxiety.D.Experiencetestanxietywillhelpyou.Those______moreeasilysufferfromtestanxiety.A.whoarenotwellpreparedforatest.B.whowantseverythingtobeperfectandhighest.C.whohaveexperiencesoffailureinexams.D.whodopoorlyintheirstudy.Theauthormentions_____piecesofsuggestionsabouthowtogetovertestanxiety.A.3B.4C.5D.6WhatcanweinferfromthepassageA.Mistakessometimecanbevaluableandhelpful.B.Thosewhohavepreparedpoorlyforatestcausetestanxietyeasily.C.Fulltestpreparationswillgiveyouthefeelingthatyouareincontrol.D.A.touchofanxietycanhaveapositiveeffect.TheunderlinedwordhotinParagraph3means.A.disappointedB.angryC.activeD.runningahighbodytemperature
BDoctorssayangercanbeanextremelydamagingemotionunlessyoulearnhowtodealwithit.Theywarnthatangercanleadtoheartdiseasestomachproblemsheadachesemotionalproblemsandpossiblycancer.AngerisanormalemotionthatweallfeelfromtimetotimE.Somepeopleexpressangeropenlyinacalmreasonableway.Othersburstwithangerandscreamandyell叫喊呼喊.ButotherpeoplekeeptheirangerinsidE.Theycannotorwillnotexpressit.Thisiscalledrepressing抑制压抑anger.Foryearsmanydoctorsthoughtthatrepressingangerwasmoredangeroustoaperson'shealththanexpressingit.Theysaidthatwhenapersonisangrythebrainreleasesthesamehormones荷尔蒙;激素.TheyspeedtheheartrateraisebloodpressureorsugarintothebloodetC.Ingeneralthepersonfeelsexcitedandreadytoact.Somedoctorssaythatbothrepressingandexpressingangercanbedangerous.TheybelievethatthosewhoexpressangerviolentlymaybemorelikelytodevelopheartdiseaseandtheybelievethatthosewhokeeptheirangerinsidemayfaceagreaterdangerofhighbloodpressurE.Doctorssaythesolutionislearninghowtodealwithanger.Theysaythefirststepistoadmitthatyouareangryandtorecognizetherealcauseoftheangerthendecideifthecauseisseriousenoughtogetangryabout.IfitistheysayDonotexpressyourangerwhileangry.Waituntilyourangerhascooleddownandyouareabletoexpressyourselfcalmlyandreasonably.Doctorssaythatagoodwaytodealwithangeristofindhumorinthesituationthathasmadeyouangry.Theysaidthatlaughterismuchhealthierthananger.60.Damagingemotionmeansthat_________.A.theemotionisharmlessB.thefeelingishardC.thefeelingisverystrongD.theemotionisharmful61.WhatstatementisWRONG?A.Angerisanormalemotion.B.Heartdiseasecanbecausedbyanger.C.Onceyouareangryyoumustbecancered得癌症.D.AngermaycauseyouhighbloodpressurE.62.Repressinganger_________expressingitviolentlyaccordingtosomescientists.A.ismoreharmfulthanB.isjustthesameasC.ismuchbetterthanD.islessharmfulthan63.Accordingtotheauthoryou'dbetter_________.A.neverbeangryB.coolangerdownbeforeyouexpressitC.laughatyourselfwhenyougetangryD.admityouarewrongwhenyouareangry
Goodposturecertainlyshowsgoodhealth.Italsoaddstoabody’senergyandbeauty.ThebodyisnothandsomewhenthebackisbentandneckthrustsforwarD.Badposturesuggeststheimpressionthatapersonistiredlackinginenergyboredorweak.TirednessmaysometimesbethecauseofbadposturE.Mostoftenhoweveritisduetocarelessandpoorhealthhabits.Whateveritcausesbadpostureaffectsonephysically.Themusclesarestretchedandpulledintounnaturalpositionswhichcanleadtopoorbaseofthebody’svarioussystems.Nutritionisthestudyofhowthebodytakesfoodandusesit.Thisscienceprovidesinformationaboutthekindsoffoodapersonmusteattoimproveandmaintaingoodhealth.Suchknowledgehelpshimdevelopandformpeoplehabitstohisproblemsofhealthfulliving.Peoplehabitsofnutritioncanbedevelopedbypayingattentionto:1thevarietyoffoodincludedinthediet;2thequalityofeachkindoffoodeaten.A.dietorthefoodregularlyeatenmustcontainallthenecessaryfactors.Manyphysiciansbelievethatoverweightisoneofthegreatestdangerstogoodhealth.ThisconditionoftenleadstoashorterlifE.Anoverweightpersonisalsoeasiertosufferdiseaseandvariousdisordersofthedigestivesystem.A.person’sweightdirectlyhassomethingtodowiththeamountsoffoodheeats.Allfoodscanmakeapersonfatiftoomuchiseaten.Inreducingthesafeweightlossisabouttwopoundsaweek.Thesensiblewaytoloseweightistodecreasethegainingstarchy含淀粉的foodsfatsandsweetsinthediet.Accordingtothispassagewhichofthefollowingissuggestedaboutthegoodhealthhabits?A.Goodwayofholdingyourbody.B.BalancedfooD.C.Rightbodyweight.D.AlloftheaboveAccordingtothispassagebadpostureismostprobablycausedby_______.tirednessboredomandweaknessB.lackofenergyC.carelessnessandpoorhealthhabitsD.overworkingandillnessWhichofthefollowingeatinghabitsisNOTproperintermsofmaintaininggoodhealth?A.VegetablesmeatandwateronlyB.A.suitablequantityofeachkindoffoodC.Fatsbeingpartofdiet.D.VariousfoodsincludedinthedietWecaninferfromthestatementallfoodscanmakeapersonfatiftoomuchiseatenthat___.A.toloseweightyouhadbettereatproperlyfordailymealsB.themosteffectivewaytoloseweightistohavenofatandsweetC.evenvegetablescanmakeyouputonweightsothereisnoneedtohavefatandsweet.D.ashorterlifeisasureresultofoverweight
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