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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ?? WaystoCreateColorsina Photograph??Therearetwowaystocreatecolorsin aphotograph.Onemethodcalledadditivestartswiththreebasiccolorsand addsthemtogethertoproducesomeothercolor.Thesecondmethodcalled subtractivestartswithwhitelightamixtureofallcolorsinthespectrum光谱 andbytakingawaysomeorallothercolorsleavestheonedesired.? ?Intheadditivemethodseparatecoloredlightscombinetoproducevarious othercolors.Thethreeadditiveprimarycolorsaregreenredandblueeach providingaboutone-thirdofthewavelengthsinthetotalspectrum.Mixedin varyingproportionstheycanproduceallcolors.Greenandredlightmixto produceyellowredandbluelightmixtoproducemagentaapurplishpink; greenandbluemixtoproducecyanabluishgreen.Whenequalpartsofall threeoftheseprimary-coloredbeamsoflightoverlap重叠themixtureappears whitetotheeye.??Inthesubtractiveprocesscolorsareproduced whendye染料absorbssomewavelengthsandsopassesononlypartofthe spectrum.Thesubtractiveprimariesarecyanmagentaandyellow;these primariesordyesabsorbredgreenandbluewavelengthsrespectivelythus subtractingthemfromwhitelight.Thesedyecolorsarethecomplementarycolors tothethreeadditiveprimariesofredgreenandblue.Properlycombinedthe subtractiveprimariescanabsorballcolorsoflightproducingblack.But mixedinvaryingproportionstheyalsocanproduceanycolorinthe spectrum.??Whether3particularcolorsisobtainedbyadding coloredlightstogetherorbysubtractingsomelightfromthetotalspectrum theresultlooksthesametotheeye.Theadditiveprocesswasemployedfor earlycolorphotography.Butthesubtractivemethodwhilerequiringcomplex chemicaltechniqueshasturnedouttobemorepracticalandisthebasisofall moderncolorfilms.Whatcolorfilterwouldabsorbredwavelengths?
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{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C PlantsinDesert??Only specialplantscansurvivetheterribleclimateofadesertfortheseare regionswheretheannualrangeofthesoiltemperaturecanbeover75℃. Furthermoreduringthesummertherearefewcloudsintheskytoprotectplants fromthesun’sray.Anotherproblemisthefactthattherearefrequentlystrong windswhichdrivesmallsharpparticlesofsandintotheplantstearingand damagingthem.Themostdifficultproblemforallformsofplantlifehowever isthefactthattheentireannualrainfalloccursduringafewdaysorweeksin spring.??Grassesandflowersindesertsurvivefromoneyearto thenextbyexistingthroughthelonghotdryseasonintheformofseeds. Theseseedsremaininactiveunlesstherightamountofrainfalls.Ifnorain fallsorifinsufficientrainfallstheywaituntilthenextyearoreven stillthenext.Anotherfactorthathelpstheseplantstosurviveisthefact thattheirlifecyclesareshort.Bythetimethatthewaterfromthespring rainsdisappears—justafewweeksafteritfalls—suchplantsnolongerneed any.??Theperennialshavespecialfeatureswhichenablethemto surviveasplantsforseveralyears.Thusnearlyalldesertperennialshave extensiverootsystemsbelowgroundandasmallshootsystemaboveground.The largerootnetworkenablestheplanttoabsorbasmuchwateraspossibleina shorttime.Thesmallshootsystemontheotherhandconsiderablylimitswater lossbyevaporation.??Anotherfeatureofmanydesertperennials isthataftertherainyseasontheylosetheirleavesinpreparationforthe longdryseasonjustastreesinwetterclimateslosetheirsinpreparation forthewinter.Thisreducestheirwaterlossbyevaporationduringthedry season.Theninnextrainyseasontheycomefullyaliveoncemoreandgrow newbranchesleavesandflowersjustasthegrassesandflowersindesert do.Desertperennialslosetheirleavesaftertherainyseasonjustastreeslosetheirsinwetterclimatesbeforewinterarrivesbutthereasonsforthisfeaturearedifferent.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ?? TheFirstNavigationalLights? ?IntheNewWorldthefirstnavigationallightswereprobablylanternshung atharborentrances.ThefirstlighthousewasputupbytheMassachusettsBay Colonyin1716onlittleBrewsterIslandattheentrancetoBostonHarbor.Paid forandmaintainedbylightduesleviedonshipstheoriginalbeaconwas blownupin1776.Bythentherewereonlyadozenofsotruelighthousesinthe colonies.Littleoveracenturylatertherewere700lighthouses.? ?Thefirsteightlighthouseserectedonthewestcoastinthe1850’s featuredthesamebasicnewEnglanddesign:aCapeCoddwellingwiththetower risingfromthecenterorstandingcloseby.InNewEnglandandelsewhere thoughlighthousesreflectedavarietyofarchitecturalstyles.Sincemost stationsintheNortheastwerebuiltonrockyeminencesenormoustowerswere nottherule.Someweremadeofstoneandbrickothersofwoodormetal.Some stoodonpilingsorstilts;Somewerefastenedtorockwithironrods.Farther southfromMarylandthroughtheFloridaKeysthecoastwaslowandsandyit wasoftennecessarytobuildtalltowerstheremassivestructureslikethe majesticCapeHatterasNorthCarolinalighthousewhichwaslitin1870.At190 feetisthetallestbricklighthouseinthecountry.? ?NotwithstandingdifferencesinappearanceandconstructionmostAmerican lighthousessharedseveralfeatures:alightlivingquartersandsometimesa belllaterafoghorn.Theyalsohadsomethingelseincommonakeeperand usuallythekeeper’sfamily.Thekeeper’sessentialtaskwastrimmingthe lanternwickinordertomaintainasteadybrightflame.Theearliestkeepers camefromeverywalkoflife;theywereseamenfarmersmechanicsroughmill handsandappointmentswereoftenhandedoutbylocalcustomscommissionersas politicalplums.Aftertheadministrationoflighthouseswastakenoverin1852 bytheUnitedStatesLighthouseBoardanagencyoftheTreasuryDepartmentthe keepergraduallybecamehighlyprofessional.AccordingtothepassagewherecanthetallestbricklighthouseintheUnitedStatesbefound?
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{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 ?? Homosexuals同性恋??Many homosexualsprefertobecalledgayorforwomanlesbian.Mostofthemlive quietlivesjust{{U}}?51?{{/U}}anyoneelse.Somegaypeoplehave alwaysraisedchildren{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orwithpartnersandtheuse ofartificialinsemination人工受精isincreasingamonglesbians.? ?Gaypersonsareineverykindofjob.Someareveryopenabouttheir homosexualityandsomearemoreprivate.Some{{U}}?53?{{/U}}their sexualorientationasabiologicalgivenandothersasachoice.Forthosewomen whoseeitasachoiceonereasonoftengivenistheinequalityinmost heterosexual异性恋的relationships.??Homosexualityhasbeencommon inmostculturesthroughouthistoryandgenerally{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Asa resulthomosexualactivitybecameacrime{{U}}?55?{{/U}}whichthe penaltyinearlycourtswasdeath.Homosexualbehaviorisstill{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}inmanycountriesandtheUnitedStates.? ?Homosexualitylatercametobeviewedwidelyaslessasinthana sicknessbutnownomentalhealthprofessional具有从业资格的人anylonger {{U}}?57?{{/U}}homosexualityanillness.Morerecenttheoriesto {{U}}?58?{{/U}}forhomosexualityhaveincludedthosebasedon biologicalandsociologicalfactors.Today{{U}}?59?{{/U}}thereis noconclusivegeneraltheorythatcanexplainthecauseof homosexuality.??Attitudes{{U}}?60?{{/U}}homosexuality begantochangeinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.Gaysattributethisin parttotheirownstrugglefortheirrightsandprideintheirorientation. Somelargecompaniesnow{{U}}?61?{{/U}}health-carebenefitstothe lifepartnersoftheirgayemployees.Manycitiesalsohaveofficiallyappointed lesbianandgayadvisory咨询committees.??{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}someattitudeshavechangedhoweverprejudice偏见stillexistsand inthelate1980sandearly1990stherewereconsiderableshoutsagainst homosexuals?withattemptto{{U}}?63?{{/U}}lawsforbiddingthe grantingofbasiccivilrightstogays.??TheAIDSepidemicwhich startedinthe1980shasdevastated毁坏thegaycommunityandbroughtit togetherasneverbeforeTheorganizedgayresponsetothelackofgovernment financialsupportforfightingAIDSandtotheneedsofthethousandsofAIDS victim.{{U}}?64?{{/U}}theybegaysornothasbeenamodelof communityaction.AIDShoweverhasalso{{U}}?65?{{/U}}peoplewith anotherreasonfortheirprejudice.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 ?? Homosexuals同性恋??Many homosexualsprefertobecalledgayorforwomanlesbian.Mostofthemlive quietlivesjust{{U}}?51?{{/U}}anyoneelse.Somegaypeoplehave alwaysraisedchildren{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orwithpartnersandtheuse ofartificialinsemination人工受精isincreasingamonglesbians.? ?Gaypersonsareineverykindofjob.Someareveryopenabouttheir homosexualityandsomearemoreprivate.Some{{U}}?53?{{/U}}their sexualorientationasabiologicalgivenandothersasachoice.Forthosewomen whoseeitasachoiceonereasonoftengivenistheinequalityinmost heterosexual异性恋的relationships.??Homosexualityhasbeencommon inmostculturesthroughouthistoryandgenerally{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Asa resulthomosexualactivitybecameacrime{{U}}?55?{{/U}}whichthe penaltyinearlycourtswasdeath.Homosexualbehaviorisstill{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}inmanycountriesandtheUnitedStates.? ?Homosexualitylatercametobeviewedwidelyaslessasinthana sicknessbutnownomentalhealthprofessional具有从业资格的人anylonger {{U}}?57?{{/U}}homosexualityanillness.Morerecenttheoriesto {{U}}?58?{{/U}}forhomosexualityhaveincludedthosebasedon biologicalandsociologicalfactors.Today{{U}}?59?{{/U}}thereis noconclusivegeneraltheorythatcanexplainthecauseof homosexuality.??Attitudes{{U}}?60?{{/U}}homosexuality begantochangeinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.Gaysattributethisin parttotheirownstrugglefortheirrightsandprideintheirorientation. Somelargecompaniesnow{{U}}?61?{{/U}}health-carebenefitstothe lifepartnersoftheirgayemployees.Manycitiesalsohaveofficiallyappointed lesbianandgayadvisory咨询committees.??{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}someattitudeshavechangedhoweverprejudice偏见stillexistsand inthelate1980sandearly1990stherewereconsiderableshoutsagainst homosexuals?withattemptto{{U}}?63?{{/U}}lawsforbiddingthe grantingofbasiccivilrightstogays.??TheAIDSepidemicwhich startedinthe1980shasdevastated毁坏thegaycommunityandbroughtit togetherasneverbeforeTheorganizedgayresponsetothelackofgovernment financialsupportforfightingAIDSandtotheneedsofthethousandsofAIDS victim.{{U}}?64?{{/U}}theybegaysornothasbeenamodelof communityaction.AIDShoweverhasalso{{U}}?65?{{/U}}peoplewith anotherreasonfortheirprejudice.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C PlantsinDesert??Only specialplantscansurvivetheterribleclimateofadesertfortheseare regionswheretheannualrangeofthesoiltemperaturecanbeover75℃. Furthermoreduringthesummertherearefewcloudsintheskytoprotectplants fromthesun’sray.Anotherproblemisthefactthattherearefrequentlystrong windswhichdrivesmallsharpparticlesofsandintotheplantstearingand damagingthem.Themostdifficultproblemforallformsofplantlifehowever isthefactthattheentireannualrainfalloccursduringafewdaysorweeksin spring.??Grassesandflowersindesertsurvivefromoneyearto thenextbyexistingthroughthelonghotdryseasonintheformofseeds. Theseseedsremaininactiveunlesstherightamountofrainfalls.Ifnorain fallsorifinsufficientrainfallstheywaituntilthenextyearoreven stillthenext.Anotherfactorthathelpstheseplantstosurviveisthefact thattheirlifecyclesareshort.Bythetimethatthewaterfromthespring rainsdisappears—justafewweeksafteritfalls—suchplantsnolongerneed any.??Theperennialshavespecialfeatureswhichenablethemto surviveasplantsforseveralyears.Thusnearlyalldesertperennialshave extensiverootsystemsbelowgroundandasmallshootsystemaboveground.The largerootnetworkenablestheplanttoabsorbasmuchwateraspossibleina shorttime.Thesmallshootsystemontheotherhandconsiderablylimitswater lossbyevaporation.??Anotherfeatureofmanydesertperennials isthataftertherainyseasontheylosetheirleavesinpreparationforthe longdryseasonjustastreesinwetterclimateslosetheirsinpreparation forthewinter.Thisreducestheirwaterlossbyevaporationduringthedry season.Theninnextrainyseasontheycomefullyaliveoncemoreandgrow newbranchesleavesandflowersjustasthegrassesandflowersindesert do.Grassesandflowersinthedesertwhoselifecyclesareshortshowstheirabilitytoadapttothequickdisappearanceofrainwaterthereafteritfailsinspring.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项? ? LocalNewspapersinBritain? ?1.Britainhasalargecirculation发行量ofthenationalnewspapers.The DailyMirrorandTheDailyExpressbothsellabout4millioncopieseachday.On averageeveryfamilywillbuyonenewspaperinthemorningandtaketwoor threeonSundays.??2.Localnewspapersarejustaspopularasthe nationalonesinBritain.Localpapershaveaweeklycirculationof13million. Nearlyeverytownandcountryareahasitsownpaperandalmosteverylocal paperisfinanciallyholdingitsown.Manylocalnewspapersareearninggood profits.??3.Localnewspapershavetheirspecialcharacteristics. Theymainlysatisfyinterestinlocalevents-birthsweddingsdeathscouncil meetingsandsports.Editorsoftenrelyonasmallstaffofpeoplewhoknowthe districtwell.Clubsandchurchesintheneighborhoodregularlysupplythese paperswithmuchlocalnews.Localnewsdoesnotgetoutofdateasquicklyas nationalnews.Ifthereisnoroomforitinthisweek’seditionanewsitem canbeheldoveruntilthefollowingweek.??4.Theeditorofa localnewspaperneverforgetsthatthesuccessofanynewspaperdependson advertising.Forthisreasonheiskeentokeepthegoodwilloflocal businessmen.Ifthenewspapersellswellwithcarefullychosennewsitemsto attractlocalreadersthebusinessmenwillbegratefultothepaperforthe opportunityofkeepingtheirproductsinthepubliceyes.??5. Localnewspapersseldomcommentonproblemsofnationalimportanceandeditors rarelytakesidesonpoliticalquestions.Buttheycanoftenprovideserviceto thecommunityinexpressingpublicfeelingonlocalissues.Anewspapercan sometimespersuadethecounciltotakeactiontoimprovetransportprovide bettershoppingfacilitiesandpreservelocalmonumentsandplacesof interest. ??A.KeepingGoodRelationswithLocalBusinessmen? ?B.ServiceProvidedbyLocalNewspapers??C.Large CirculationoftheNationalNewspapers??D.SpecialFeaturesof LocalNewspapers??E.PowerofLocalNewspapers??F. PopularityofLocalNewspapersparagraph3______.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有5处空白短文后有6个句子其中5个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?? PushbikePeril??Low speedbicyclecrashescanbadlyinjureorevenkillchildreniftheyfallonto theendofthehandlebars自行车把.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}? ?KristyArbogastabioengineer生物工程师attheChildren’sHospitalof PhiladelphiainPennsylvaniabegantheprojectwithhercolleaguesaftera studyofseriousabdominal腹部的injuresinchildreninthepast30yearsand showingthatmorethanathirdwerecausedbybicycleaccident.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}??Byinterviewingthechildrenandtheirparents Kristyandherteamwereabletoreconstructmanyoftheaccidentsand identifiedacommonmechanismresponsibleforseriousinjuries.{{U}}?48 ?{{/U}}Tomaintaintheirbalancetheyturnthehandlebarsthrough90 degreesbuttheirmomentum动力forcesthemintotheendofthehandlebars. {{U}}?49?{{/U}}??Thesolutionthegroupcameupwithis ahandgrip握柄fittedwithaspringanddamping缓冲system.Thespring absorbsupto50percentoftheforcestransmittedthroughthehandlebarsinan impact.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}Butourtaskhasbeenoneofeducationbecause upuntilnowbicyclemanufactureswereunawareoftheproblemsays Kristy.??ThetermhasalsoapproachedtheU.S.ConsumerProduct SafetyCommissiontotrytopersuademanufacturestoadoptthenewdesign.A decisionisexpectedlaterthisyear.??A.Thetaskaccordingto Kristywastoidentifyhowtheinjuriesoccurredandtocomeupwithsome countermeasures对策.??B.Thegrouphopestocommercialize 使商业化thedevicewhichshouldaddonlyafewdollarstothecostofa bike.??C.Soateamofengineersisredesigning重新设计thehumble handlebarinabidtomakeitsafer.??D.Whenthetaskisover theengineersbelievethereareprobablynosuchinjuriesortragediesamong bicycle-drivers.??E.Thebikethenfallsoverandtheotherend ofthehandlebarshitsthegroundrammingitintotheirabdomen.? ?F.Theydiscoveredthatmostinjuriesoccurwhenchildrenhitanobstacle ataslowspeedcausingthemtotoppleover.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ?? WaystoCreateColorsina Photograph??Therearetwowaystocreatecolorsin aphotograph.Onemethodcalledadditivestartswiththreebasiccolorsand addsthemtogethertoproducesomeothercolor.Thesecondmethodcalled subtractivestartswithwhitelightamixtureofallcolorsinthespectrum光谱 andbytakingawaysomeorallothercolorsleavestheonedesired.? ?Intheadditivemethodseparatecoloredlightscombinetoproducevarious othercolors.Thethreeadditiveprimarycolorsaregreenredandblueeach providingaboutone-thirdofthewavelengthsinthetotalspectrum.Mixedin varyingproportionstheycanproduceallcolors.Greenandredlightmixto produceyellowredandbluelightmixtoproducemagentaapurplishpink; greenandbluemixtoproducecyanabluishgreen.Whenequalpartsofall threeoftheseprimary-coloredbeamsoflightoverlap重叠themixtureappears whitetotheeye.??Inthesubtractiveprocesscolorsareproduced whendye染料absorbssomewavelengthsandsopassesononlypartofthe spectrum.Thesubtractiveprimariesarecyanmagentaandyellow;these primariesordyesabsorbredgreenandbluewavelengthsrespectivelythus subtractingthemfromwhitelight.Thesedyecolorsarethecomplementarycolors tothethreeadditiveprimariesofredgreenandblue.Properlycombinedthe subtractiveprimariescanabsorballcolorsoflightproducingblack.But mixedinvaryingproportionstheyalsocanproduceanycolorinthe spectrum.??Whether3particularcolorsisobtainedbyadding coloredlightstogetherorbysubtractingsomelightfromthetotalspectrum theresultlooksthesametotheeye.Theadditiveprocesswasemployedfor earlycolorphotography.Butthesubtractivemethodwhilerequiringcomplex chemicaltechniqueshasturnedouttobemorepracticalandisthebasisofall moderncolorfilms.Whatexplanationisgivenfortheuseofthesubtractivemethodinmoderncolorfilms?
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C PlantsinDesert??Only specialplantscansurvivetheterribleclimateofadesertfortheseare regionswheretheannualrangeofthesoiltemperaturecanbeover75℃. Furthermoreduringthesummertherearefewcloudsintheskytoprotectplants fromthesun’sray.Anotherproblemisthefactthattherearefrequentlystrong windswhichdrivesmallsharpparticlesofsandintotheplantstearingand damagingthem.Themostdifficultproblemforallformsofplantlifehowever isthefactthattheentireannualrainfalloccursduringafewdaysorweeksin spring.??Grassesandflowersindesertsurvivefromoneyearto thenextbyexistingthroughthelonghotdryseasonintheformofseeds. Theseseedsremaininactiveunlesstherightamountofrainfalls.Ifnorain fallsorifinsufficientrainfallstheywaituntilthenextyearoreven stillthenext.Anotherfactorthathelpstheseplantstosurviveisthefact thattheirlifecyclesareshort.Bythetimethatthewaterfromthespring rainsdisappears—justafewweeksafteritfalls—suchplantsnolongerneed any.??Theperennialshavespecialfeatureswhichenablethemto surviveasplantsforseveralyears.Thusnearlyalldesertperennialshave extensiverootsystemsbelowgroundandasmallshootsystemaboveground.The largerootnetworkenablestheplanttoabsorbasmuchwateraspossibleina shorttime.Thesmallshootsystemontheotherhandconsiderablylimitswater lossbyevaporation.??Anotherfeatureofmanydesertperennials isthataftertherainyseasontheylosetheirleavesinpreparationforthe longdryseasonjustastreesinwetterclimateslosetheirsinpreparation forthewinter.Thisreducestheirwaterlossbyevaporationduringthedry season.Theninnextrainyseasontheycomefullyaliveoncemoreandgrow newbranchesleavesandflowersjustasthegrassesandflowersindesert do.Theshootsystemofperennialscanhelptheplantsabsorblessofthesun’sray.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项? ? LocalNewspapersinBritain? ?1.Britainhasalargecirculation发行量ofthenationalnewspapers.The DailyMirrorandTheDailyExpressbothsellabout4millioncopieseachday.On averageeveryfamilywillbuyonenewspaperinthemorningandtaketwoor threeonSundays.??2.Localnewspapersarejustaspopularasthe nationalonesinBritain.Localpapershaveaweeklycirculationof13million. Nearlyeverytownandcountryareahasitsownpaperandalmosteverylocal paperisfinanciallyholdingitsown.Manylocalnewspapersareearninggood profits.??3.Localnewspapershavetheirspecialcharacteristics. Theymainlysatisfyinterestinlocalevents-birthsweddingsdeathscouncil meetingsandsports.Editorsoftenrelyonasmallstaffofpeoplewhoknowthe districtwell.Clubsandchurchesintheneighborhoodregularlysupplythese paperswithmuchlocalnews.Localnewsdoesnotgetoutofdateasquicklyas nationalnews.Ifthereisnoroomforitinthisweek’seditionanewsitem canbeheldoveruntilthefollowingweek.??4.Theeditorofa localnewspaperneverforgetsthatthesuccessofanynewspaperdependson advertising.Forthisreasonheiskeentokeepthegoodwilloflocal businessmen.Ifthenewspapersellswellwithcarefullychosennewsitemsto attractlocalreadersthebusinessmenwillbegratefultothepaperforthe opportunityofkeepingtheirproductsinthepubliceyes.??5. Localnewspapersseldomcommentonproblemsofnationalimportanceandeditors rarelytakesidesonpoliticalquestions.Buttheycanoftenprovideserviceto thecommunityinexpressingpublicfeelingonlocalissues.Anewspapercan sometimespersuadethecounciltotakeactiontoimprovetransportprovide bettershoppingfacilitiesandpreservelocalmonumentsandplacesof interest. ??A.KeepingGoodRelationswithLocalBusinessmen? ?B.ServiceProvidedbyLocalNewspapers??C.Large CirculationoftheNationalNewspapers??D.SpecialFeaturesof LocalNewspapers??E.PowerofLocalNewspapers??F. PopularityofLocalNewspapersParagraph5______.
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{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题请根据短文内容为每题定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} AmericanImmigrants??The percentageofimmigrantsincludingthoseunlawfullypresentintheUnited stateshasbeencreepingupwardforyears.At12.6percentitisnowhigher thanatanypointsincethemid1920s.??Wearenotabouttogo backtothedayswhencongressopenlyworriedaboutinferiorracespolluting America’sbloodstream.Butonceagainwearewonderingwhetherwehavetoomany ofthewrongsortnewcomers.Theirloudestcriticsarguethatthenewwaveof immigrantscannotandindeeddonotwanttofitinaspreviousgenerations did.??Wenowknowthattheseracistviewswerewrong.Intime ItaliansRomanians-andmembersofotherso-calledinferiorracesbecame exemplaryAmericansandcontributedgreatlyinwaystoonumeroustodetailto thebuildingofthismagnificentnation.Thereisnoreasonwhythesenew immigrantsshouldnothavethesamesuccess.??Althoughchildren ofMexicanimmigrantsdobetterintermsofeducationalandprofessional attainmentthantheirparentsUCLAsociologistEdwardTelleshasfoundthat thegainsdon’tcontinue.Indeedthefourthgenerationismarginallyworseoff thanthethird.JamesJacksonoftheUniversityofMichiganhasfounda similartrendamongblackCaribbeanimmigrants.Tellesfearsthat Mexican-AmericansmaybefatedtofollowinthefootstepsofAmerican blacks-thatlargepartsofthecommunitymaybecomemired陷入inaseemingly permanentstateofpovertyandunderachievement.LikeAfrican-Americans Mexican-Americansareincreasinglyrelegatedto降入segregatedsubstandard schoolsandtheirdropoutrateisthehighestforanyethnicgroupinthe country.??Wehavelearnedmuchaboutthefoolishideaof excludingpeopleonthepresumptionoftheethnic/racialinferiority.Butwhat wehavenotyetlearnedishowtomaketheprocessofAmericanizationworkfor all.IamnottalkingaboutrequiringpeopletolearnEnglishortoadopt Americanways;thosethingshappenprettymuchontheirownbutasarguments aboutimmigrationhearupthecampaigntrailwealsooughttoasksomebroader questionaboutassimilationabouthowtoensurethatpeopleonceoutsiders don’tforeverremainmarginalizedwithintheseshores.??Thatisa muchlargerquestionthanwhatshouldhappenwithundocumentedworkersorhow besttosecuretheborderanditisonethataffectsnotonlynewcomersbut groupsthathavebeenhereforgenerations.Itwillhavemoreimpactonour futurethanwherewedecidetosettheadmissionsbarforthelatestwareof would-beAmericans.Anditwouldbeniceifwefinallygottheanswer right.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthenewimmigrants?
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ?? WaystoCreateColorsina Photograph??Therearetwowaystocreatecolorsin aphotograph.Onemethodcalledadditivestartswiththreebasiccolorsand addsthemtogethertoproducesomeothercolor.Thesecondmethodcalled subtractivestartswithwhitelightamixtureofallcolorsinthespectrum光谱 andbytakingawaysomeorallothercolorsleavestheonedesired.? ?Intheadditivemethodseparatecoloredlightscombinetoproducevarious othercolors.Thethreeadditiveprimarycolorsaregreenredandblueeach providingaboutone-thirdofthewavelengthsinthetotalspectrum.Mixedin varyingproportionstheycanproduceallcolors.Greenandredlightmixto produceyellowredandbluelightmixtoproducemagentaapurplishpink; greenandbluemixtoproducecyanabluishgreen.Whenequalpartsofall threeoftheseprimary-coloredbeamsoflightoverlap重叠themixtureappears whitetotheeye.??Inthesubtractiveprocesscolorsareproduced whendye染料absorbssomewavelengthsandsopassesononlypartofthe spectrum.Thesubtractiveprimariesarecyanmagentaandyellow;these primariesordyesabsorbredgreenandbluewavelengthsrespectivelythus subtractingthemfromwhitelight.Thesedyecolorsarethecomplementarycolors tothethreeadditiveprimariesofredgreenandblue.Properlycombinedthe subtractiveprimariescanabsorballcolorsoflightproducingblack.But mixedinvaryingproportionstheyalsocanproduceanycolorinthe spectrum.??Whether3particularcolorsisobtainedbyadding coloredlightstogetherorbysubtractingsomelightfromthetotalspectrum theresultlooksthesametotheeye.Theadditiveprocesswasemployedfor earlycolorphotography.Butthesubtractivemethodwhilerequiringcomplex chemicaltechniqueshasturnedouttobemorepracticalandisthebasisofall moderncolorfilms.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有5处空白短文后有6个句子其中5个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?? PushbikePeril??Low speedbicyclecrashescanbadlyinjureorevenkillchildreniftheyfallonto theendofthehandlebars自行车把.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}? ?KristyArbogastabioengineer生物工程师attheChildren’sHospitalof PhiladelphiainPennsylvaniabegantheprojectwithhercolleaguesaftera studyofseriousabdominal腹部的injuresinchildreninthepast30yearsand showingthatmorethanathirdwerecausedbybicycleaccident.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}??Byinterviewingthechildrenandtheirparents Kristyandherteamwereabletoreconstructmanyoftheaccidentsand identifiedacommonmechanismresponsibleforseriousinjuries.{{U}}?48 ?{{/U}}Tomaintaintheirbalancetheyturnthehandlebarsthrough90 degreesbuttheirmomentum动力forcesthemintotheendofthehandlebars. {{U}}?49?{{/U}}??Thesolutionthegroupcameupwithis ahandgrip握柄fittedwithaspringanddamping缓冲system.Thespring absorbsupto50percentoftheforcestransmittedthroughthehandlebarsinan impact.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}Butourtaskhasbeenoneofeducationbecause upuntilnowbicyclemanufactureswereunawareoftheproblemsays Kristy.??ThetermhasalsoapproachedtheU.S.ConsumerProduct SafetyCommissiontotrytopersuademanufacturestoadoptthenewdesign.A decisionisexpectedlaterthisyear.??A.Thetaskaccordingto Kristywastoidentifyhowtheinjuriesoccurredandtocomeupwithsome countermeasures对策.??B.Thegrouphopestocommercialize 使商业化thedevicewhichshouldaddonlyafewdollarstothecostofa bike.??C.Soateamofengineersisredesigning重新设计thehumble handlebarinabidtomakeitsafer.??D.Whenthetaskisover theengineersbelievethereareprobablynosuchinjuriesortragediesamong bicycle-drivers.??E.Thebikethenfallsoverandtheotherend ofthehandlebarshitsthegroundrammingitintotheirabdomen.? ?F.Theydiscoveredthatmostinjuriesoccurwhenchildrenhitanobstacle ataslowspeedcausingthemtotoppleover.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 ?? Homosexuals同性恋??Many homosexualsprefertobecalledgayorforwomanlesbian.Mostofthemlive quietlivesjust{{U}}?51?{{/U}}anyoneelse.Somegaypeoplehave alwaysraisedchildren{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orwithpartnersandtheuse ofartificialinsemination人工受精isincreasingamonglesbians.? ?Gaypersonsareineverykindofjob.Someareveryopenabouttheir homosexualityandsomearemoreprivate.Some{{U}}?53?{{/U}}their sexualorientationasabiologicalgivenandothersasachoice.Forthosewomen whoseeitasachoiceonereasonoftengivenistheinequalityinmost heterosexual异性恋的relationships.??Homosexualityhasbeencommon inmostculturesthroughouthistoryandgenerally{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Asa resulthomosexualactivitybecameacrime{{U}}?55?{{/U}}whichthe penaltyinearlycourtswasdeath.Homosexualbehaviorisstill{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}inmanycountriesandtheUnitedStates.? ?Homosexualitylatercametobeviewedwidelyaslessasinthana sicknessbutnownomentalhealthprofessional具有从业资格的人anylonger {{U}}?57?{{/U}}homosexualityanillness.Morerecenttheoriesto {{U}}?58?{{/U}}forhomosexualityhaveincludedthosebasedon biologicalandsociologicalfactors.Today{{U}}?59?{{/U}}thereis noconclusivegeneraltheorythatcanexplainthecauseof homosexuality.??Attitudes{{U}}?60?{{/U}}homosexuality begantochangeinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.Gaysattributethisin parttotheirownstrugglefortheirrightsandprideintheirorientation. Somelargecompaniesnow{{U}}?61?{{/U}}health-carebenefitstothe lifepartnersoftheirgayemployees.Manycitiesalsohaveofficiallyappointed lesbianandgayadvisory咨询committees.??{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}someattitudeshavechangedhoweverprejudice偏见stillexistsand inthelate1980sandearly1990stherewereconsiderableshoutsagainst homosexuals?withattemptto{{U}}?63?{{/U}}lawsforbiddingthe grantingofbasiccivilrightstogays.??TheAIDSepidemicwhich startedinthe1980shasdevastated毁坏thegaycommunityandbroughtit togetherasneverbeforeTheorganizedgayresponsetothelackofgovernment financialsupportforfightingAIDSandtotheneedsofthethousandsofAIDS victim.{{U}}?64?{{/U}}theybegaysornothasbeenamodelof communityaction.AIDShoweverhasalso{{U}}?65?{{/U}}peoplewith anotherreasonfortheirprejudice.
{{*HTML*}}??A.alotofmoney??B.nationalpeople? ?C.morning??D.localpeople??E.national issues??F.localissuesLocalnewspapersrarelygiveopinionson______.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C PlantsinDesert??Only specialplantscansurvivetheterribleclimateofadesertfortheseare regionswheretheannualrangeofthesoiltemperaturecanbeover75℃. Furthermoreduringthesummertherearefewcloudsintheskytoprotectplants fromthesun’sray.Anotherproblemisthefactthattherearefrequentlystrong windswhichdrivesmallsharpparticlesofsandintotheplantstearingand damagingthem.Themostdifficultproblemforallformsofplantlifehowever isthefactthattheentireannualrainfalloccursduringafewdaysorweeksin spring.??Grassesandflowersindesertsurvivefromoneyearto thenextbyexistingthroughthelonghotdryseasonintheformofseeds. Theseseedsremaininactiveunlesstherightamountofrainfalls.Ifnorain fallsorifinsufficientrainfallstheywaituntilthenextyearoreven stillthenext.Anotherfactorthathelpstheseplantstosurviveisthefact thattheirlifecyclesareshort.Bythetimethatthewaterfromthespring rainsdisappears—justafewweeksafteritfalls—suchplantsnolongerneed any.??Theperennialshavespecialfeatureswhichenablethemto surviveasplantsforseveralyears.Thusnearlyalldesertperennialshave extensiverootsystemsbelowgroundandasmallshootsystemaboveground.The largerootnetworkenablestheplanttoabsorbasmuchwateraspossibleina shorttime.Thesmallshootsystemontheotherhandconsiderablylimitswater lossbyevaporation.??Anotherfeatureofmanydesertperennials isthataftertherainyseasontheylosetheirleavesinpreparationforthe longdryseasonjustastreesinwetterclimateslosetheirsinpreparation forthewinter.Thisreducestheirwaterlossbyevaporationduringthedry season.Theninnextrainyseasontheycomefullyaliveoncemoreandgrow newbranchesleavesandflowersjustasthegrassesandflowersindesert do.Ordinaryplantsareunabletosurviveinthedesertmainlybecauseofthechangeableweather.
Alotofpeoplecouldfallillafterdrinking{{U}}contaminated{{/U}}water.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 ?? Homosexuals同性恋??Many homosexualsprefertobecalledgayorforwomanlesbian.Mostofthemlive quietlivesjust{{U}}?51?{{/U}}anyoneelse.Somegaypeoplehave alwaysraisedchildren{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orwithpartnersandtheuse ofartificialinsemination人工受精isincreasingamonglesbians.? ?Gaypersonsareineverykindofjob.Someareveryopenabouttheir homosexualityandsomearemoreprivate.Some{{U}}?53?{{/U}}their sexualorientationasabiologicalgivenandothersasachoice.Forthosewomen whoseeitasachoiceonereasonoftengivenistheinequalityinmost heterosexual异性恋的relationships.??Homosexualityhasbeencommon inmostculturesthroughouthistoryandgenerally{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Asa resulthomosexualactivitybecameacrime{{U}}?55?{{/U}}whichthe penaltyinearlycourtswasdeath.Homosexualbehaviorisstill{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}inmanycountriesandtheUnitedStates.? ?Homosexualitylatercametobeviewedwidelyaslessasinthana sicknessbutnownomentalhealthprofessional具有从业资格的人anylonger {{U}}?57?{{/U}}homosexualityanillness.Morerecenttheoriesto {{U}}?58?{{/U}}forhomosexualityhaveincludedthosebasedon biologicalandsociologicalfactors.Today{{U}}?59?{{/U}}thereis noconclusivegeneraltheorythatcanexplainthecauseof homosexuality.??Attitudes{{U}}?60?{{/U}}homosexuality begantochangeinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.Gaysattributethisin parttotheirownstrugglefortheirrightsandprideintheirorientation. Somelargecompaniesnow{{U}}?61?{{/U}}health-carebenefitstothe lifepartnersoftheirgayemployees.Manycitiesalsohaveofficiallyappointed lesbianandgayadvisory咨询committees.??{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}someattitudeshavechangedhoweverprejudice偏见stillexistsand inthelate1980sandearly1990stherewereconsiderableshoutsagainst homosexuals?withattemptto{{U}}?63?{{/U}}lawsforbiddingthe grantingofbasiccivilrightstogays.??TheAIDSepidemicwhich startedinthe1980shasdevastated毁坏thegaycommunityandbroughtit togetherasneverbeforeTheorganizedgayresponsetothelackofgovernment financialsupportforfightingAIDSandtotheneedsofthethousandsofAIDS victim.{{U}}?64?{{/U}}theybegaysornothasbeenamodelof communityaction.AIDShoweverhasalso{{U}}?65?{{/U}}peoplewith anotherreasonfortheirprejudice.
{{*HTML*}}??A.alotofmoney??B.nationalpeople? ?C.morning??D.localpeople??E.national issues??F.localissuesManylocalnewspapersinBritainaremaking______.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 ?? Homosexuals同性恋??Many homosexualsprefertobecalledgayorforwomanlesbian.Mostofthemlive quietlivesjust{{U}}?51?{{/U}}anyoneelse.Somegaypeoplehave alwaysraisedchildren{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orwithpartnersandtheuse ofartificialinsemination人工受精isincreasingamonglesbians.? ?Gaypersonsareineverykindofjob.Someareveryopenabouttheir homosexualityandsomearemoreprivate.Some{{U}}?53?{{/U}}their sexualorientationasabiologicalgivenandothersasachoice.Forthosewomen whoseeitasachoiceonereasonoftengivenistheinequalityinmost heterosexual异性恋的relationships.??Homosexualityhasbeencommon inmostculturesthroughouthistoryandgenerally{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Asa resulthomosexualactivitybecameacrime{{U}}?55?{{/U}}whichthe penaltyinearlycourtswasdeath.Homosexualbehaviorisstill{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}inmanycountriesandtheUnitedStates.? ?Homosexualitylatercametobeviewedwidelyaslessasinthana sicknessbutnownomentalhealthprofessional具有从业资格的人anylonger {{U}}?57?{{/U}}homosexualityanillness.Morerecenttheoriesto {{U}}?58?{{/U}}forhomosexualityhaveincludedthosebasedon biologicalandsociologicalfactors.Today{{U}}?59?{{/U}}thereis noconclusivegeneraltheorythatcanexplainthecauseof homosexuality.??Attitudes{{U}}?60?{{/U}}homosexuality begantochangeinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.Gaysattributethisin parttotheirownstrugglefortheirrightsandprideintheirorientation. Somelargecompaniesnow{{U}}?61?{{/U}}health-carebenefitstothe lifepartnersoftheirgayemployees.Manycitiesalsohaveofficiallyappointed lesbianandgayadvisory咨询committees.??{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}someattitudeshavechangedhoweverprejudice偏见stillexistsand inthelate1980sandearly1990stherewereconsiderableshoutsagainst homosexuals?withattemptto{{U}}?63?{{/U}}lawsforbiddingthe grantingofbasiccivilrightstogays.??TheAIDSepidemicwhich startedinthe1980shasdevastated毁坏thegaycommunityandbroughtit togetherasneverbeforeTheorganizedgayresponsetothelackofgovernment financialsupportforfightingAIDSandtotheneedsofthethousandsofAIDS victim.{{U}}?64?{{/U}}theybegaysornothasbeenamodelof communityaction.AIDShoweverhasalso{{U}}?65?{{/U}}peoplewith anotherreasonfortheirprejudice.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 ?? Homosexuals同性恋??Many homosexualsprefertobecalledgayorforwomanlesbian.Mostofthemlive quietlivesjust{{U}}?51?{{/U}}anyoneelse.Somegaypeoplehave alwaysraisedchildren{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orwithpartnersandtheuse ofartificialinsemination人工受精isincreasingamonglesbians.? ?Gaypersonsareineverykindofjob.Someareveryopenabouttheir homosexualityandsomearemoreprivate.Some{{U}}?53?{{/U}}their sexualorientationasabiologicalgivenandothersasachoice.Forthosewomen whoseeitasachoiceonereasonoftengivenistheinequalityinmost heterosexual异性恋的relationships.??Homosexualityhasbeencommon inmostculturesthroughouthistoryandgenerally{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Asa resulthomosexualactivitybecameacrime{{U}}?55?{{/U}}whichthe penaltyinearlycourtswasdeath.Homosexualbehaviorisstill{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}inmanycountriesandtheUnitedStates.? ?Homosexualitylatercametobeviewedwidelyaslessasinthana sicknessbutnownomentalhealthprofessional具有从业资格的人anylonger {{U}}?57?{{/U}}homosexualityanillness.Morerecenttheoriesto {{U}}?58?{{/U}}forhomosexualityhaveincludedthosebasedon biologicalandsociologicalfactors.Today{{U}}?59?{{/U}}thereis noconclusivegeneraltheorythatcanexplainthecauseof homosexuality.??Attitudes{{U}}?60?{{/U}}homosexuality begantochangeinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.Gaysattributethisin parttotheirownstrugglefortheirrightsandprideintheirorientation. Somelargecompaniesnow{{U}}?61?{{/U}}health-carebenefitstothe lifepartnersoftheirgayemployees.Manycitiesalsohaveofficiallyappointed lesbianandgayadvisory咨询committees.??{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}someattitudeshavechangedhoweverprejudice偏见stillexistsand inthelate1980sandearly1990stherewereconsiderableshoutsagainst homosexuals?withattemptto{{U}}?63?{{/U}}lawsforbiddingthe grantingofbasiccivilrightstogays.??TheAIDSepidemicwhich startedinthe1980shasdevastated毁坏thegaycommunityandbroughtit togetherasneverbeforeTheorganizedgayresponsetothelackofgovernment financialsupportforfightingAIDSandtotheneedsofthethousandsofAIDS victim.{{U}}?64?{{/U}}theybegaysornothasbeenamodelof communityaction.AIDShoweverhasalso{{U}}?65?{{/U}}peoplewith anotherreasonfortheirprejudice.
Itis{{U}}laiddown{{/U}}intheregulationsthatallmembersmustcarrytheirmembershipcardsatalltimes.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 ?? Homosexuals同性恋??Many homosexualsprefertobecalledgayorforwomanlesbian.Mostofthemlive quietlivesjust{{U}}?51?{{/U}}anyoneelse.Somegaypeoplehave alwaysraisedchildren{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orwithpartnersandtheuse ofartificialinsemination人工受精isincreasingamonglesbians.? ?Gaypersonsareineverykindofjob.Someareveryopenabouttheir homosexualityandsomearemoreprivate.Some{{U}}?53?{{/U}}their sexualorientationasabiologicalgivenandothersasachoice.Forthosewomen whoseeitasachoiceonereasonoftengivenistheinequalityinmost heterosexual异性恋的relationships.??Homosexualityhasbeencommon inmostculturesthroughouthistoryandgenerally{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Asa resulthomosexualactivitybecameacrime{{U}}?55?{{/U}}whichthe penaltyinearlycourtswasdeath.Homosexualbehaviorisstill{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}inmanycountriesandtheUnitedStates.? ?Homosexualitylatercametobeviewedwidelyaslessasinthana sicknessbutnownomentalhealthprofessional具有从业资格的人anylonger {{U}}?57?{{/U}}homosexualityanillness.Morerecenttheoriesto {{U}}?58?{{/U}}forhomosexualityhaveincludedthosebasedon biologicalandsociologicalfactors.Today{{U}}?59?{{/U}}thereis noconclusivegeneraltheorythatcanexplainthecauseof homosexuality.??Attitudes{{U}}?60?{{/U}}homosexuality begantochangeinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.Gaysattributethisin parttotheirownstrugglefortheirrightsandprideintheirorientation. Somelargecompaniesnow{{U}}?61?{{/U}}health-carebenefitstothe lifepartnersoftheirgayemployees.Manycitiesalsohaveofficiallyappointed lesbianandgayadvisory咨询committees.??{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}someattitudeshavechangedhoweverprejudice偏见stillexistsand inthelate1980sandearly1990stherewereconsiderableshoutsagainst homosexuals?withattemptto{{U}}?63?{{/U}}lawsforbiddingthe grantingofbasiccivilrightstogays.??TheAIDSepidemicwhich startedinthe1980shasdevastated毁坏thegaycommunityandbroughtit togetherasneverbeforeTheorganizedgayresponsetothelackofgovernment financialsupportforfightingAIDSandtotheneedsofthethousandsofAIDS victim.{{U}}?64?{{/U}}theybegaysornothasbeenamodelof communityaction.AIDShoweverhasalso{{U}}?65?{{/U}}peoplewith anotherreasonfortheirprejudice.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 ?? Homosexuals同性恋??Many homosexualsprefertobecalledgayorforwomanlesbian.Mostofthemlive quietlivesjust{{U}}?51?{{/U}}anyoneelse.Somegaypeoplehave alwaysraisedchildren{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orwithpartnersandtheuse ofartificialinsemination人工受精isincreasingamonglesbians.? ?Gaypersonsareineverykindofjob.Someareveryopenabouttheir homosexualityandsomearemoreprivate.Some{{U}}?53?{{/U}}their sexualorientationasabiologicalgivenandothersasachoice.Forthosewomen whoseeitasachoiceonereasonoftengivenistheinequalityinmost heterosexual异性恋的relationships.??Homosexualityhasbeencommon inmostculturesthroughouthistoryandgenerally{{U}}?54?{{/U}}.Asa resulthomosexualactivitybecameacrime{{U}}?55?{{/U}}whichthe penaltyinearlycourtswasdeath.Homosexualbehaviorisstill{{U}}?56 ?{{/U}}inmanycountriesandtheUnitedStates.? ?Homosexualitylatercametobeviewedwidelyaslessasinthana sicknessbutnownomentalhealthprofessional具有从业资格的人anylonger {{U}}?57?{{/U}}homosexualityanillness.Morerecenttheoriesto {{U}}?58?{{/U}}forhomosexualityhaveincludedthosebasedon biologicalandsociologicalfactors.Today{{U}}?59?{{/U}}thereis noconclusivegeneraltheorythatcanexplainthecauseof homosexuality.??Attitudes{{U}}?60?{{/U}}homosexuality begantochangeinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.Gaysattributethisin parttotheirownstrugglefortheirrightsandprideintheirorientation. Somelargecompaniesnow{{U}}?61?{{/U}}health-carebenefitstothe lifepartnersoftheirgayemployees.Manycitiesalsohaveofficiallyappointed lesbianandgayadvisory咨询committees.??{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}someattitudeshavechangedhoweverprejudice偏见stillexistsand inthelate1980sandearly1990stherewereconsiderableshoutsagainst homosexuals?withattemptto{{U}}?63?{{/U}}lawsforbiddingthe grantingofbasiccivilrightstogays.??TheAIDSepidemicwhich startedinthe1980shasdevastated毁坏thegaycommunityandbroughtit togetherasneverbeforeTheorganizedgayresponsetothelackofgovernment financialsupportforfightingAIDSandtotheneedsofthethousandsofAIDS victim.{{U}}?64?{{/U}}theybegaysornothasbeenamodelof communityaction.AIDShoweverhasalso{{U}}?65?{{/U}}peoplewith anotherreasonfortheirprejudice.
Thechemicalis{{U}}deadly{{/U}}toratsbutsafetocattle.
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