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请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。 At the beginning of the 20th century, many people thought ...
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高中英语《安徽省池州一中2013-2014学年高二上学期期中考试 试卷 试题及答案》真题及答案
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[1]Howoftendoesyourchildautomaticallypickupabookamagazineanewspaperorotherprintedmaterialssimplyforthepleasureofreading?Expertshavebeguntorealizethatayoungperson'sinterestinindependentreadingseemstobeimportanttolong-termsuccess.Howevernotallchildren______________.That'swhereyoushoulddoyourpartasaparent.[2]Firstunderstandthatindependentreadingisnotguidedorsharedreading.YoumaybepresentintheroomwithyoursonordaughterbutyouwillnotbeengagedinreadingthebookforyourchilD.Insteadthechildshouldpickupabookonhisorherownwhetherornotheorshecanreadallthewords.[3]Notonlydoesthiskindofindependentreadingincreaseachild'simaginationfocuscomprehensionandvocabularybutitalsoallowshimorhertobuildinterestinasubject.ForexampleifheorshefindstheRomanEmpirefascinatingindependentlyreadingaboutthattimeperiodcouldbroadenhisorherunderstandingofsociety.[4]Oneofthebestwaystoraiseayoungster'sinterestinindependentreadingistobecomeanindependentreaderyourself.TurnofftheTVandopenthenewspaper.Taketimeattheendofthedayasafamilytoenjoysomefreereadingmoments.Themoreyoudoityourselfthemorelikelyyourchildwillbetoacceptitasaproperregularthingtodo.Youcanalsobeginbuildingyourchild'spersonallibrary.Thatwayheorshewillhavemanychoicesofbookstoperuseduringindependentreading.[5]Rememberthatreadingachievementislinkedtoaloveofindependentreading.Sothenexttimeyourchildpicksupabookallowhimorhertohavesomeprivatemoments.You'llneverregretyourdecisiontoembraceindependentreading.76.FillintheblankinParagraphlwithproperwords.nomorethan6words77.Listthreeofthebenefitsofindependentreading.nomorethan14words①②③78.WhatdotheunderlinedwordsthattimeperiodinParagraph3probablyreferto?nomorethan5words79.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?nomorethan8words80.Whatshouldaparentdowhenhis/herchildpicksupabookonhis/herown?nomorethan12words
Insimplewordshibernationisastateofdeepsleep.Hibernationdiffersfromnormalsleepinvariousways.Hibernatinganimalstakealongtimetowakeupfromtheirsleep.Turningorkickingtheirbodiesdoesnotseemtowakethemup.Evenafterwakingupfromhibernationtheseanimalstakesometimetorestarttheirnormalactivities.Duringhibernationtheheartrateslowsdownandsomeofthenon-vitalorgansbecomeentirelyinactivE.Thisisastateinwhichthebodyusesverylittleenergy.Winteristhetimewhenfoodislessandweatherrough.AnimalshavetospendalotofenergyfindingfooD.Eveniftheysucceedinfindinganythingitisoftennotenoughtomakeupforthelossofenergy.Besidesthecoldweathermayoftenbecomeacauseofdeath.Asaresultofalltheseanimalshavetoreducetheirfooddemandbyreducingenergyrequirements.Thisisachievedbyhibernatingthroughoutthewinter.Beforetheonsetofwinterwhenthereisplentyoffoodanimalseatovermuchandstoremuchofthefoodintheformoffat.Aswinterarrivestheyreturntotheirhomewheretheyspendtherestofwinterhibernating.Asanimalshibernatetheirbodytemperaturestartsdroppingduetolackofactivityandmetabolism新陈代谢.AtonepointitisonlyafewdegreeshigherthanthesurroundingtemperaturE.WhateverenergythebodyneedstoperformcertaintasksisgotfromthefatstoragE.Duetolackofactivitythefatburningprocessisslowandsteady.Theenergyfromfatisenoughtokeeptheanimalalivefortherestofthewinter.Hibernationdiffersforeveryspecies.Forexamplesomeanimalslikeblackbearsmaysleepforthewholewinterwithoutwakingupwhileanimalslikesquirrelsmaywakeupevery4daystoeatsomefoodpasswastematterfromthebodyandthengobacktosleep.Hibernationindomesticanimalsmaydifferfromthatinthewildones.Asthereisnofoodshortagefordomesticanimalsdomesticanimalshibernateasaresultoftheirnaturalinstinctbutwithmoreactiveperiodsinbetween.Hibernation71.Astateofdeepsleep72.fromnormalsleep*Takingatimetowakeup*Takingsometimeto73.theirnormalactivitiesagain*UsingverylittleenergyReasonsforhibernating*Notfindingenoughfoodtomakeupforthe74.ofenergy*75.indeathduetothecoldweatherFeaturesofhibernation*Bodytemperaturedroppingbecauseof76.Activityandmetabolism*Gettingenergyfromthefat77.*Burningfatslowlyand78.Hibernatinghabitsofdifferentspecies*Blackbears:sleepingall79.thewinterwithoutwakingup*Squirrels:wakingupevery4daysforbasicdailyneeds*80.animals:havingmoreactiveperiods
Itisimportanttohavegoodstudyhabits.Withtheproperstudyskillsyoucansignificantlyimproveyourgrades.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouinyourstudies.SchedulesomedailystudytimE.It’sOKtospendalittleextratimestudyingrightbeforeabigtestbutyoudon’twanttotrytolearneverythingthatnight.GiveyourselfplentyoftimetogetthingsdonE.FigureoutwhenyoustudybestandthenstudyatthattimeeverydaywhichwillmakeyouenergetiC.Studythemostdifficultsubjectsfirst.DoingthisallowsyoutodevoteallofthatfreshpowertothematerialsthatgiveyouthemosttroublE.Itisworthwhilespendingmoretimeonethehardersubjects.Don’tstudyinaroomthatistoohotortoocoldandmakesurethereisadequatelighting.BeawareofwhatthingstakeyourattentionawaythemostandavoidthematallcostsduringstudytimE.Don’tdohomeworkinfrontoftheTV.Don’ttrytostudyifyouaretireddepressedangryorfeelingrusheD.Itisbettertostudywhenyourbrainisnotaffectedbyotheremotionalissues.FriendscanbeagreatresourcE.Youcancomparenotesandaskeachotherquestionsattheendfoaperiodofstudy.Friendscanalsokeepyoumotivatedtostudy.Ithasbeenprovedthatshortburstsofconcentrationrepeatedfrequentlyaremoreeffectivethanonelongperiodofconcentration.StudyingforhoursonendisboringanditstressesoutyourbodyandminD.Whilestudyingtrytorelatetheinformationtothingsyoualreadyknowortoyourownexperiences.MakingthatconnectioncanmakenewinformationmoreinterestingandmemorablE.Title:HowtoStudyEffectivelyTips76______________SchedulesomedailyStudytimeYoucannotlearneverythingproperlyovernight.Studyingatthebesttimewillkeepyoufullof77________DowhatisthemostDifficultfirstYoucanworkonthehardest78______moreeasilywithfreshbrainpower.Thehardersubjectsare79______havingmoretimespenton.ChooseagoodstudyenvironmentA.roomwiththerightair80______andadequatelightingmakesyoucomfortablE.81________thethingsthatdisturbyouwhenstudyingandyouwillhaveapeacefulstateofminD.StudywithyourfriendsYoucanturntothemandthencanbeagreatresourcE.Theycan82_______youtostudy.Takeshortandenough83________RepeatingshortburstsofconcentrationfrequentlyismoreeffectivE.Studyingforhourscontinuouslywillgetyourbodyandmind84______outMakeconnections85_______newinformationtothingsyoualreadyknowhelpsmakeitmoreinterestingandmemorable
Weknowthatinmanycasesthingsaren’tpersonalbutwetendtothinkthatthingsareaboutuswhethergoodorbaD.Forinstancewhenyourfriendsgoonanightoutwithoutinvitingyouyouprobablygetupsetandendupshoutingatthem.Ifyoutendtotakethingssopersonallythenthiswillbeupsettingyouanddamagingyourself-respect---anditmightalsobeputtingunnecessarystressonyourrelationships.Soit’simportantforustotakesomestepstostoptakingthingssopersonally.Firstlyassessthesituationmorelogically.Don’tgiveintoyourimmediateemotionalreaction---rathertakeastepbackandthinkaboutwhathashappeneD.Forinstanceifyou’reupsetbecauseweren’tinvitedtoaneventthenthinkitlikethis:Wasitaneventthattheymaybethoughtyouwouldn’tbeinterestedin?Orwasitaneventthatperhapstheydidn’tthinkyoucouldmake?Whenyoustepbackandstopbeingegocentric以自我为中心thenyou’lleasilyseemanyotherpossiblereasonsforyournotbeinginviteD.Alsodon’tblameyourself.SometimesthepersondoesmeantobecriticalandrudE.Howeveryoucanviewthisastheirproblemandnotassomethingyou’vedonewrong.Ifsomeoneyouknowisregularlyactingbadlytowardsyouitmayevenbethattheyfeelthreatenedbyyoubecausethey’reimpressedbyyou---actuallythat’sacompliments褒扬inaway.Focusingonthepositiveisalsoimportant.Ourfriendssaycountlessnicethingsaboutusonanaveragedayandthishelpstoslowlydevelopourself-confidencE.Ifsomeonehasgivenus20complimentandoneinsultthenwhyshouldthisdamageourself-confidence?Ifyou’refeelinglowtrytothinkbacktothepositivethingsthathavebeensaidtoyou.Title:TakingThingsTooPersonally71.___________.Tendingtothinkthingsareaboutoneselfthoughthey’renotpersonal.ExamplesGettingupsetandangrywhenyouaren’t72._________tojoininagroupactivity.73.__________lUpsettingoneand74._________________lAffectingyourrelationshipswithothersSolutions75.____________lNot76._________immediatelybeforethinkingaboutitlThinkingwithoutbeingegocentricaboutthepossible77._______oftheincident.78.__________lViewingother’srudecriticismastheirproblemlRegardingother’s79.__________towardsyouasacompliment.FocusingonthepositivelProtectingourself-confidencefrombeingdamagedbyanoccasionalinsultl80._______thingsourfriendssaidtouswhenfeelingdown.
Aggressivebehaviourinchildrenhasbecomequitecommonnow.Thereforetodayitisn'tsurprisingtoseeanaggressivechildthrowthingsatsomeonewhilethey'reangry.Generallyaggressivechildrentendtodisruptclasses.They'reeasilyprovoked挑衅intoanargumentespeciallywhenthingsdon'tgotheirway.Inawordtheyfinditdifficulttomakeormaintainfriendlyrelationships.Theoriginoftheaggressivebehaviourinachildmaybedifficulttopickout.It'susuallyobservedthoughthatit'sacombinationofseveralfactorswhichareunsolvedstressfulissuestroubledealingwithchangeextremeparenting—beingeithertoostrictortooindulgentconflictswithinthefamilyandspendingtimeathomeoroutsidewithpeoplewhodisplayaggressivetraits.Fortunatelyyoucandomanythingstostopyourchild'saggressivebehaviour.Typicallyachildisn'tequippedtotellgoodbehaviourfrombadandit'suptotheparenttopointoutthedifferencesbetweenthetwo.Thenexttimeyourchildactsmeanlywithsomeoneexplainhowhurtfulitistosomeonetobeatthereceivingendofanger.Explainhowthisparticularbehaviourcanmakethemunpopulareventually.TakeimmediateactionattheslightestsignofaggressionfromyourchilD.Forexampleifyouspotyourchildhittingorbitingsomeoneelseinstantlytakehimawayandgivehimsometimetocooloffwithyou.Ontheotherhandyourchildalsoneedstoinstantlybeencouragedforgoodness.Bydoingthisyou'llbesurelypushingyourchildtounderstandthatkindactsarealwaysappreciateD.MonitorwhatyourchildwatchesonTVandtheInternetandtakeeffectivemeasurestopreventhim/herfromwatchinganythingunsuitablE.Alsokeepaneyeonyourchild'sfriendsforanysignsofmisbehaviourthatyourchildcanimitatE.特别说明下表中1-10题为答卷中71—80题
[1]Whena14-year-oldboyfromAtlantaGeorgiadisappearedearlierthisyearhismotherturnedtohersmartphoneforclues线索usinganappcalledFamilyTracker.Itisoneappthatallowsparentstotrackthelocationoftheirchildren.[2]YoucanseewhereyourlovedonesarewithouthavingtocallorbotherthemsaidRobertaFranceschettithecreatorsoftheFamilyTracker.Parentscantrackthelocationoftheirchildonamapsendmessagesandevensoundanalarmonthephoneremotely.Wehaveanoptionforthesendertomakeaveryloudnoisysound.Werepeatthatsoundeverytwominutesuntilthepersonpicksuphesaid.[3]Parentsdon'tneedtoownasmartphonetotracktheirchildren.Theserviceisalsoaccessibleviathewebaslongasthephonethatisbeingtrackedisrunningtheapp.FamilyTrackerhasanadditionalservicethatkeepsalogofalldatageneratedbytheappforatwo-weekperiodwhichthecompanycallsGPSbreadcrumbs.[4]TheservicewasusedtofindthemissingboyinAtlanta.Withanagreementwekeepallthelocationswherepeoplehavebeenonourservers.Youcanseewhereyourkidhasbeenforthepasttwoweeks.Youcanfindout______atacertaintimeorwhenthatpersonwasataspecificplaceFranceschettiexplained.[5]Whensomebodygetskidnappedusuallywhoeverdoesthisthrowsthephoneawayortakesthebatteryout.Wewerehopingthatourappwouldatleastprovideinformationonwherethepersonwaskidnappedorwheretheyhadbeeninthepastwhichwaythepolicewouldhaveahistoryorsomecluesastowhotheymayhavebeenseeing.[6]Butarethesetypesofappsaninvasion入侵ofprivacy?Theadvantagesarehugecomparedtothedisadvantages.Let'snotforgetthatthepersonalwayshastogiveinitialpermission--noonecanbetrackedunlesstheyallowsomeonetodoitsaidFranceschetti.【小题1】ForwhatpurposedoparentsusetheFamilyTrackerapp?nomorethan10words_________________________________________________________________________________【小题2】WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?nomorethan10words_________________________________________________________________________________【小题3】AccordingtoParagraph3whatisnecessarytoachildtobetracked?nomorethan8words_________________________________________________________________________________【小题4】FillintheblankinParagraph4withproperwords.nomorethan4words_________________________________________________________________________________【小题5】InAtlantawhatwillthepersondotoescapebeingtrackedifhekidnapsachild?nomorethan15words_________________________________________________________________________________【小题6】WhatdoyouthinkistheshortcomingoftheFamilyTracker?nomorethan8words_________________________________________________________________________________【小题7】WhatdoestheunderlinedwordtheyinParagraph5referto?nomorethan3words_________________________________________________________________________________
AsayoungmanAlwasaskilledartistapotter.Hehadawifeandtwofinesons.OnenighthisoldersondevelopedaseverestomachachE.Thinkingitwasonlysomecommonintestinal肠的disorderneitherAlnorhiswifetooktheconditionveryseriously.Butthediseasewasactuallyacuteappendicitis阑尾炎andtheboydiedsuddenlythatnight.KnowingthedeathcouldhavebeenpreventedifhehadonlyrealizedtheseriousnessofthesituationAl'semotionalhealthdeclinedundertheenormousburdenofhisguilt.Tomakemattersworsehiswifelefthimashorttimelaterleavinghimalonewithhissix-year-oldyoungerson.ThehurtandpainofthetwosituationsweremorethanAlcouldhandleandhebecameanalcoholiC.AsthealcoholismprogressedAlbegantoloseeverythinghepossessed—hishomehislandhisartobjectseverything.EventuallyAldiedaloneinaSanFranciscomotelroom.WhenIheardofAl'sdeathIthoughtWhatacompletefailure!Whatatotallywastedlife.AstimewentbyIbegantore-evaluatemyearlierharshjudgment.YouseeIknewAl'snowadultsonErniE.HeisoneofthekindestmostcaringmostlovingmenIhaveeverknown.IwatchedErniewithhischildrenandsawthefreeflowoflovebetweenthem.IknewthatkindnessandcaringhadtocomefromsomewherE.Ihadn'theardErnietalkmuchabouthisfather.OnedayIworkedupmycouragetoaskhim.I'mreallypuzzledbysomethingIsaiD.Iknowyourfatherwasbasicallytheonlyonetoraiseyou.Whatonearthdidhedosothatyoubecamesuchaspecialperson?Erniesatquietlyandreflectedforafewmoments.ThenhesaidFrommyearliestmemoriesasachilduntilIlefthomeat18Alcameintomyroomeverynightgavemeakissandsaid'Iloveyouson.'TearscametomyeyesasIrealizedwhatafoolIhadbeentojudgeAlasafailurE.HehadnotleftanymaterialpossessionsbehindbuthehadbeenakindlovingfatherandheleftbehindoneofthefinestmostgivingmanIhaveeverknown.1.WhywasAlinguilt?nomorethan12words_____________________________________________________________________2.WheredidAldie?nomorethan5words_____________________________________________________________________3.WhatmadeAladdictedtoalcohol?nomorethan10words_____________________________________________________________________4.WhatdidAl’ssonErnielearnfromhisfather?nomorethan11words_____________________________________________________________________
Beforerefrigeratorswereinventedthenextbestthingwasanicebox.Butanotherwaytokeepfoodfreshistouseanevaporativecooler.A.commondesignisatallboxwithseveralshelvesinsidetoholdthefooD.Theshelvesarepiecesofmetalwithmanysmallholesthroughthem.Thesidesoftheboxarecoveredwithpiecesofthickcloth.Containersofwaterareplacedatthetopandbottomofthecooler.Theendsofeachpieceofclothlieinthewatersotheclothstayswet.Thecoolerisputoutdoorsbutnotinthesun.Airwillpassthroughthewetcloth.TheinsideoftheboxwillstayseveraldegreescoolerthantheoutsideairtemperaturE.AndthismaybecoolenoughtokeepfoodsfreshatleastforashorttimE.Somefoodscanmakeyousickiftheyarestoredinconditionsthatarenotcoldenoughtopreventthegrowthofharmfulorganisms微生物.Freezingcankeepsomefoodsingoodconditionformonthsafterthegrowingseason____________________iftheyarekepttoocolD.SomefruitsandvegetablesmustbestoredatzerotofourdegreesCelsius.AnycolderandtheymightbedamageD.Somefoodsneedtobestoredatfourtoeightdegreesandsomeneedtobestoredaboveeightdegreesforbestresults.Wetthefruitsandvegetablessotheydonotbecometoodry.ThebesttimetodothisisbeforestoragE.CovertheitemsinplasticoncetheyreachtherightcriticaltemperatureforstoragE.Mostfruitsandvegetablesneedtherelativehumidity湿度inStoragetobekeptbetweeneighty-fiveandninety-fivepercent.Finallyleavespacebetweenthefoodcontainersandthewallsofthecoldstorageareasoaircanflow.Keepthespaceclean.Andtrynottoopenthedoorstoooften.【小题1】Whatisthemainideaofthetext?nomorethan8words____________________________________________________________【小题2】Completethefollowingstatementwithproperwords.nomorethan3wordsYouwouldbeillifyoueatsomefoodsthatarekeptinsuchahotplacethatmore__________grow.【小题3】FillintheblankinParagraph4withproperwords.nomorethan5words____________________________________________________________【小题4】Whyshouldwewetfruitsandvegetablesbeforestorage?nomorethan11words____________________________________________________________【小题5】WhatdoesthewordthisLine2Paragraph6probablyreferto?nomorethan5words____________________________________________________________
ItisveryimportanttomakeastudentfeelsafeintheclassroombecausestudentsstudywellintheenvironmentwheretheyfeelsafeandrespecteD.Allstudentsincludingthosewithlearningdifficultiescanstudywelliftheyfeelmentallyandemotionallycomfortableintheclassroom.Inadditionwhenfeelingsafeinanatmospheretheycanopenlyexpresstheirconcerns.Thereforeteachersarerequiredtodevotetimetomakingstudentsfeelcomfortableinclassandmustviewitasaninvestmentinstrengtheningtheteacher-studentrelationship.Whatmakesastudentfeelsafeintheclassroomdependsuponthequalityoftherelationshipheshareswithhisteachers.Withthisaimit’squitenecessarytobuildtrustintheclassroom.Trustbuildingisaslowprocesswhichcanbeachievedthroughhealthyinteraction互动betweenstudentsandteachers.Alsodevelopingrespectforeachotherisnecessary.WhenteacherstrulylistentostudentsandrespectintheclassroomismutualbetweenteacherandstudentaproductiveclassroomcanbeformeD.Teachersfeelgoodaboutthelessonstheyteachandstudentsareengagedinlearning.Teachersmusttrytobuildsmallbutreallifeconnectionswiththestudentsandwhenoneisabletodothatitcreatesamorerelaxedatmospherethatsupportsstudies.Graduallystudentswillfeelagreaterleveloftrustinteachers.Apositiveenvironmentisalsoveryimportantforstudentstofeelsafeintheclassroom.Tocreatesuchanenvironmentteachersmustdisplaypositivemessagesandquotesintheclassroomandevenaskstudentstocontributethem.Makeitarulethatonlypositivethingswillbetalkedaboutintheclassroom.Preventstudentsfromtalkingaboutotherstudents’privatelivesinanunkindwayandstopthemfrombullying欺凌eachother.Alsothemostimportantisthatteachersmusttrytomakeallstudentsfeelliketheyareanimportantpartoftheclass.TopicMakingstudentsfeel76_____intheclassroomBenefits●77___students’studies●Encouragingstudentsto78___themselvesopenly●79________teacher-studentrelationshipDeterminingfactors●The80___oftheteacher-studentrelationship●Apositiveenvironmentintheclassroom81___BuildingtrustintheclassroomInteractingwithstudents82___83___eachother●Trulylisteningtostudents●MakingsureofmutualrespectCreatingapositiveenvironment●Onlydisplayingpositivemessagesandquotes●84___talkingaboutnegativethinksandbullying●Givingstudentsa85___thateveryoneisanimportantpartoftheclass
1】SethDeBoltisaplantscientistattheUniversityofKentuckyintheU.·S..Heandotherscientistswanttofindasourceoffuelthatthepoorpeopleinruralareasofdevelopingcountriescouldusetomakeelectricity.2】ProfessorDeBoltwentonastudytriptoruralareasinIndonesia.Hesawthateverywherehewenttherewaslittlewasteintheuseofagriculturalproducts.Everythingthatfarmersgrewwasusedforsomething.Eventheremainsoffruitthatpeopledidnoteatwerefedtochickens.3】Littlewastemeanttherewaslittlethatcouldbeusedforfuel.Growingfuelcropswouldtakelandawayfromfoodcrops.ThatwassomethingProfessorDeBoltdidnotwanttodo.Buthefoundsomeitemsthatwereinplentifulsupplyandwouldnotcausethecompetitionbetweenfoodandfuel.Coconutshells椰壳aregenerallythrownout.YetProfessorDeBoltsaysthereisalotofenergystoredinthem.Hesaystheyhaveanexcellentheatingvaluewhichcanbecomparedtocoal.Allsomeoneneedsisawaytoreleasethatenergy.4】A.companyinIndiaisusingsmallgenerators发电机invillagestomakeelectricityfromremainsofrice.Theprocessusediscalledgasification气化.Heatingplantmatterinalow-oxygenconditionreleasesgases.Thesegasescanbeburnedinanenginethatpowersagenerator.ProfessorDeBoltsaysheandhisteamseepossibilitiesofcoconutpower.5】TheresearcherssaythesesystemscouldprovideasmuchasthirteenpercentoftheenergyneedsofacountrylikeIndonesia.Othertropicalcountrieswithlargecropsofcoconutsandsimilarfruitcouldbenefitaswell.ButProfessorDeBoltsaysthisisnotaperfectsolution.Thereremainstechnical________likehowtosafelydealwiththedangerouswastethatgasificationcanproduce.Anditneedsmuchmoneytomaketheseprojectsstart.66.WhatdoSethDeBoltandotherscientistswanttodoforthepoorpeopleinruralareasofdevelopingcountries?Notmorethan12words_________________________________________________________________________67.Whydidn'tSethDeBoltwantfuelcropstobegrowninpoordevelopingcountries?Notmorethan11words____________________________________________________________________________68.FillintheblankinParagraph5withproperwords?Notmorethan2words__________________________________________________________________________69.WhydoesSethDeBoltsaythatcoconutshellscanbeusedtocreateelectricity?Notmorethan10words____________________________________________________________________________70.InwhatwayisSethDeBoltlikelytomakeelectricityfromcoconutshells?Notmorethan5words____________________________________________________________________________
[1]AliceMunrowinsthe2013NobelPrizeinLiteraturebecomingthefirstCanadianwomantotaketheawardsinceitwasfoundedin1901.[2]Munro82onlythe13thwomangiventheawardwaspraisedbytheSwedishAcademyduringtheNobelannouncementinStockholmasthemasterofthecontemporaryshortstory.We'renotsayingjustthatshecansayalotinjust20pages---morethananaveragenovelwritercan---butalsothatshecancovergrounD.ShecanhaveasingleshortstorythatcoversdecadesanditworkssaidPeterEnglundpermanentsecretaryoftheSwedishAcademy.[3]MunrosaidshealwaysviewedherchancesofwinningtheNobelasoneofthosepipedreamsthatmighthappenbutitprobablywouldn't.Munro'sdaughterwokeheruptotellherthenews.ItjustseemsimpossiblE.A.splendidthingtohappenMorethanIcansayshesaidovercomewithemotion.Mystorieshavegottenaroundquiteremarkablyforshortstories.Iwouldreallyhopethatthiswouldmakepeopleseetheshortstoryasanimportantartnotsomethingyouplayaroundwithuntilyougotanovelwritten.[4]BorninOntarioin193IAliceAnneLaidlawstudiedjournalismattheUniversityofWesternOntarioinLondonbeforedroppingouttomarryJamesMunroafellowstudent.Shebecameafull-timehousewifeandmotheroftheirchildren.ShethenmovedtoVictoriawithherfirsthusbandandlaterreturnedtoOntariofollowingtheirdivorcE.ShemarriedFremlinin1976.[5]ThreeyearsagoinaninterviewatToronto'sInternationalFestivalofAuthorsMunrosaidshehadbattledcancerbutdidnotprovidespecifics.InJuneshetoldtheNationalPostshewasprobablynotgoingtowriteanymorE.AskedonThursdaywhethershewouldreconsiderthatstatementMunrosaid______becauseIamgettingratherolD.76.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?nomorethan15words__________________________________________________________________________77.WhatisPeterEnglundmainlytalkingaboutinparagraphtwo?nomorethan5words__________________________________________________________________________78.PleaseexplaintheunderlinedsentenceinparagraphthreE.__________________________________________________________________________79.HowdidAliceMunrogetthenewsthatshewontheNobelPrize?nomorethan10words__________________________________________________________________________80.Fillintheblankinthelastparagraphwithproperwords.nomorethan5words__________________________________________________________________________
Harmlessfunandbullying欺负separatedbyaverythinlinE.Thislineiscrossedonadailybasiswithoutbeingknown.Thisfullextentofthislinecrossingisn’toftenfeltuntilmuchlater.Blindeyesareoftenbeingturnedandtheproblemisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.Harmlessfunoccurswhennobodyhashurtfeelingsandlaughterfollows.Thereisnoharminthefunandallpeoplecanenjoythejoking.Bullyingoccurswhensomeoneislookeddownupon.NoteveryjokeisfunnyandsometimeswecancruellyhurtsomebodywithoutourknowledgE.Themostdifficultpartofthelinebetweenharmlessfunandbullyingisthesimplefactthateverybodyhastheirownlineandevenit’sdifferentfromtimetotimedependingonacertaincharacter.Everybodyhastheirownlimitoftoleranceandharmlessfunthatisclosetobullyingusuallygatherupthebottledemotionsthatarereadytobreakout.Nomatterhowstrongthefriendshipsarewordscantreatthemapartfromtherootdestroyingtheveryfoundationthattheyhavebeenbuiltupon.ThekeyisthatthelineshouldneverbecrosseD.Harmlessfunhasitstimeandplacesincelaughteristhebestmedicineforwhatworriesyoubutitshouldneverbetakentotheextremewheresomeoneisfeelingdown.Thebestpossiblewaytoensurethatyouaren’ttheoneresponsibleforlinecrossingistothinkbeforeyouspeak.WeshouldfirsttrytounderstandbeforewetrytobeunderstooD.Ifthewordsyoufeellikesayingtosomeonearen’tthewordsyouwouldwanttosaytoyourparentbrotherchildorgoodfriendthenchancesarethatyoushouldthinkofsomethingelsetosay.Sayingthingsbehindsomeoneelse’sbackisnogoodeitherbecausethosewordsoftenfindtheirtargetfinallyandusuallythecommentshavebeenmisunderstoodandtheintentionwhileperhapsharmlesstendstoturntowardsbullying.TitleHarmlessFunandBullying71.________Peopleoftencrossthelinebetweenharmlessfunandbullyingresultinginbullyingwhichisoftenhidden.72.________HarmlessfunHurtingnobody’s73.________andbringinglaughterBullying●Makingsomeonefeel74.________●HurtingsomebodyunconsciouslyReasons●People’sownlinedifferingfromtimetotimebecauseof75.________●Harmlessfunpossiblyturningintobullyingonceitdevelops76._____people’sownlimitoftolerance77.________●Tryingnotto78.________[●Dealingwithharmlessfunproperlyespeciallywhenoneis79.________●80._________________●TryingtounderstandbeforetryingtobeunderstooD.●Regardingthelistenerasyourparentbrotherchildorgoodfriend●Notmakingcommentsbehindone’sbackinordertoavoidbeingmisunderstood
Inthefarnorth-easterncornerofSouthAfricaKrugerNationalParkisthelargestgamereserveinthecountryandthemostfamouswildlifezoneontheAfricancontinent.Stretchingoutover7332squaremilesKrugerisawonderlandofwildlifE.Ithas507speciesofbirdsand147speciesofmammals.Italsohasafairbitofhistory---itdatesbackto1898whenitwasfoundedasagamereserveinanattempttocontrolhuntingintheareA.Itdidn’tseeatouristuntil1927;howeveroneyearlateritbecameanationalpark.It'sagoodplacetoseeroaringbeastsintheirownbackyards.SouthMricaisanincreasinglyhottouristspotandyoumaywanttovisititthisyearbeforeithoststhe2010footballWorldCup.SouthAfricaisalsoaninexpensivecountryfortourists.AnyoneseekingtoescapetheEuropeanwinterwillbesurprisedtohearthatMarchisnotthebesttimetogotoKruger.Thesix-monthperiodbetweenMayandOctobertendstobethemostsuitabletimeforwildlife-spotting.Theweatherisnotonlycoolerbutalsoconsiderablydrier.Thismeansthatwatersourcesdryupandanimalsareforcedtoapproachriverscreeksdamsandwateringholesinsearchofliquidrefreshment.IfyougotoSouthAfricayouneedtopayattentiontothethreatofmalaria疟疾.KrugerisoneoftheonlytwoSouthAfricannationalparksthathaveanissueaboutthediseasebutonlyduringtherainyseasonDecembertoApril.AdisadvantageofKrugeristhatitsitsalongwayfromSouthAfrica'sotherwell-knowntouristattractions---CapeTowntheGardenRouteandthemeetingoftheAtlanticandIndianOceansatCapeAgulhas.Title:KrugerNationalParkWhereisthepark86_____?Itisinthefarnorth-easterncornerofSouthAfrica.Whatisspecialaboutthepark?ItisthelargestgamereserveinSouthAfricaandthemostfamouswildlifezoneonthe87______continent.Whatisthe88_____ofthepark?Theparkcoversabout7332squaremiles.How89_____isthepark?Itisoverabout110yearssinceitwasfoundedasagamereservE.Whatarethe90_____forthetouristsportgettingincreasinglyhot?Ithasroaringbeasts.It'san91_____placefortouriststovisit.WhatdoesthemostsuitabletimeliebetweenMayandOctober?Thetemperaturesare92_____.Theweatherisconsiderablydrierandtheanimalshavetobeactivefor93_____.It’sthetimeofyearto94_____thethreatofmalariA.What’sthedisadvantageaboutthepark?ItisalongwayfromotherAfricantourist95_____.
[1]Stressforateenagerisasrealaproblemasstressforanadult.Thereforeit’simportanttounderstandthecausesofstressinteenagers.[2]Whenparentschangetheirjobsorifthefamilydecidestomovetoadifferentplacethechildhastochangeschoolsfindnewfriendsadapttothenewsocialcircleandfitintonewgroups.ItisalwaysdifficultforchildrentoadapttosuchchangeswhichcanbeaseriouscauseofstressintheirlifE.[3]Academicdifficultiessuchasinabilitytounderstandacertainsubjectcancausestress.Noteverychildhastheabilitytounderstandeverysubject.Somekidsneedextrahelpbesidesschoolworktograspafewconcepts.Pooracademicperformanceisoftenlaughedatandislookeddownuponbybothteachersandpeers.Insuchcasesitcanmakethechildfeelisolatedneglectedandhurt.Allofthisputtogethercanaddtostresswhichmanytimesworsengrades.[4]Extracurricularactivities课外活动suchasplayingasportorattendingartclassescanweighheavilyonyourchild’sminD.Balancingschoolandextracurricularactivitiesdoesseemlikeaburdenwhenyouhavetobeoutstandingatboth.WhenthepressuresfromboththeendsgetunmanageableteenagerstendtogettiredandannoyeD.Tirednesssetsinleadingtostressrelatedissuessuchaslackofconcentrationinschool.[5]ThesearethecommoncausesofstressinteenagerswhichcanbenoticedthroughsignssuchaspoormemoryanxietynegativeandpessimisticattitudE.IfthesignsofteenagestressgounrecognizedforalongtimeitcanmakethechildemotionallyoutofbalancE.Andnextstepifthishappensitisnecessaryforparentstoknow_________________.66.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?___________________________________________________________________________67.Whypooracademicperformancecausesstressforchildren?nomorethan20words___________________________________________________________________________68.Howcanparentsnoticethattheirteenagersareunderstress?nomorethan15words___________________________________________________________________________69.Whatcommoncausesofstressinteenagerswereintroducedbytheauthor?nomorethan3wordsforeach①____________________②____________________③_____________________70.FillintheblankinParagraph5withproperwords.nomorethan8words
Beforethe1850’stheUnitedStateshadanumberofsmallcollegesmostofthemdatingfromcolonial殖民的days.Theyweresmallchurchconnectedinstitutionswhoseprimaryconcernwastoshapethemoralcharacteroftheirstudents.ThroughoutEuropeinstitutionsofhigherlearninghaddevelopedbearingtheancientnameofuniversity.InGermanuniversitywasconcernedprimarilywithcreatingandspreadingknowledgenotmorals.Betweenmid-centuryandtheendofthe1800’smorethanninethousandyoungAmericansdissatisfiedwiththeirtrainingathomewenttoGermanyforadvancedstudy.Someofthemreturntobecomepresidentsofadmiredcolleges－HarvardYaleColumbia－andtransformthemintomodernuniversities.Thenewpresidentsbrokealltieswiththechurchesandbroughtinanewkindoffaculty.Professorswerehiredfortheirknowledgeofasubjectnotbecausetheywereoftheproperfaithandhadastrongarmfordiscipliningstudents.Thenewprinciplewasthatauniversitywastocreateknowledgeaswellaspassitonandthiscalledforafacultymadeupofteacher-scholars.DrillingandlearningbymemorizationwerereplacedbytheGermanmethodoflecturinginwhichtheprofessor’sownresearchwaspresentedinclass.GraduatetrainingleadingtothePh.D.anancientGermandegreerepresentingthehighestlevelofadvancedscholarlyachievementwasintroduceD.Withtheestablishmentoftheseminarsystemgraduatestudentlearnedtoquestionanalyzeandconducttheirownresearch.AtthesametimethenewuniversitygreatlyexpandedinsizeandcourseofferingsbreakingcompletelyoutoftheoldrestrictedcurriculumofmathematicsclassicsrhetoricandmusiC.ThepresidentofHarvardpioneeredtheelectivesystembywhichstudentswereabletochoosetheirowncourseofstudy.Thenewgoalwastomaketheuniversityrelevant相关的totherealpursuits追求oftheworlD.TitleThedevelopmentofthe71intheUSAThebeginningsituationofcollegesintheUSABeforethe1850’stheUSAhadsomesmallcollegestoshape72oftheirstudentsThesurroundingeducationsituationsThroughEuropeInstitutionsofhigherlearninghaddevelopedInGermanyCreatingandspreadingknowledgewere73ThingschangedTimeBetweenMid-centuryandtheendof1800sPeopleMorethan9000youngAmericansPurpose7475Breakingalltieswithchurchesandbringinginanewkindoffaculty76withacademicknowledgeofasubjectCreatingknowledgeaswellas77inuniversityIntroducingaGermanmethod---78intotheclassExpandinginsizeandcourseofferings79theelectivesystembythepresidentofHarvard80Tomaketheuniversityrelevanttotherealpursuitsoftheworld
Jobinterviewsneverseemeasy.Togetajobyoumayhavemoreinterviewsthanyoucancount.Tosucceedinaninterviewyoushouldpayattentiontothefollowingcommonmistakes.Lackofproperpreparation.Failuretogatherinformationonthecompanyandthejobbeforetheinterviewmakesaverypoorimpressiononinterviewers;itsuggeststhatyoureallyarenotthatinterestedintheposition.InappropriatepersonalappearancE.Considerthenatureofthepositionanddressaccordingly.WhenindoubtdresssomewhatmoreformallythanyouthinkwouldbeexpectedforthejoB.BeconservativeandpayattentiontodetailssuchasshinyshoesneathairetC.Firstimpressionsareveryimportant.Poornon-verbalcommunication.Inadditiontowhatyouaresayingyournon-verbalbehaviorisveryimportantinaninterview.Areyoumakingeyecontact?Areyoulisteningattentivelywhentheinterviewerisspeaking?Areyougivingafirmhandshakewhengreetedbytheinterviewers.Areyounervousduringtheinterview?Practicewithafriendorinfrontofamirrortoassessthesefactors.PoorattitudE.Self-centeredbehaviori.E.awhat'sinitformeattitudeisverypoorlyreceivedbyinterviewers.Askyourselfwhatyoucancontributetothecompany?Whatskillsandexperiencewouldyoubringtothejob?Failuretoaskquestions.Employerswillassessyourinterestinthecompanyandthepositionbythetypesofquestionsyouask.Properresearchpriortotheinterviewwillhelpensurethatthequestionsyouaskareintelligentones.BeingdisorganizeD.MakesureyouarriveattheinterviewafewminutesearlysothatyouhavetimetogetcalmandcheckyourappearancE.ArrivinglateissimplyunacceptablesoplanfortheunexpecteD.Alwaysbringanextracopyofyourresumeandreferencestoaninterview.Over-orunder-answeringquestions.FormostinterviewquestionsaYesorNoanswerisnotappropriatE.Providemoredetailsforanemployerandcite引用examplesfrompersonalexperiencewhereverpossiblE.Donothowevertalkendlesslyandfeelthatyouhavetokeepspeakingifthere'sasilencE.Whenyouhavesaidwhatyouwanttosaystoptalking.Ifyoudonotunderstandaquestionseekclearexplanationbeforeresponding.Failuretosendathank-younoteorcardfollowingtheinterview.Takethetimetosendathank-youcardwhichcanmakeanimportantimpactonanemployer.Notonlydoesitshowyoursincereinterestinthepositionbutitalsohelpsmakeyoudifferentfromotherinterviewcandidates.CommonmistakesininterviewsWhatyoushoulddoforan76interview77preparations78enoughinformationonthecompanyandthejoB.InappropriatepersonalappearanceDress79tothenatureoftheposition.Poornon-verbalcommunicationNon-verbalcommunicationsuchasmakingeyecontactlisteningattentivelyshakinghands80etcisveryimportant.Poorattitude81onyourselfwillmakeaverybadimpressiononinterviewers.ThinkaboutwhatyoucandoforthecompanyinsteaD.FailuretoaskquestionsDoproperresearchbeforetheinterviewwhichhelpsmake82youwon'taskstupidquestions.BeingdisorganizedArriveafewminutesearlytoplanfortheunexpectedandbringanextracopyofyourresumeandreferencestoaninterview.Over-orunder-answeringquestionsWhenansweringquestionsprovidemoredetailsorciteexampleswhenneededinsteadoftalkingwithout83.Failuretoexpressyour84Doremembertosendathank-youcardwhichshowsyourinterestinthepositionandyour85.
[1]PerhapsyouareanaveragestudentwithaverageintelligencE.Howeveryoucanreceivebettergradesifyouwant.Yesevenstudentswithaverageintelligencecanbetopstudentswithoutadditionalwork.Here’show:[2]Planyourtimecarefully.Makealistofyourweeklytasks.ThenmakeascheduleofyourtimE.Besuretosetasideenoughtimetocompleteyournormalreadingandworkassignments.Ofcoursestudyingshouldn’toccupyallofthefreetimeontheschedulE.[3]Makegooduseofyourtimeinclass.Listeningtowhattheteachersaysinclassmeanslessworklater.Takenotestohelpyourememberwhattheteachersays.[4]SkimbeforeyoureaD.Lookoverapassagequicklybeforeyoubegintoreaditmorecarefully.AsyoupreviewthematerialyougetsomeideaofthecontentandhowitisorganizeD.Laterwhenyoubegintoreadyouwillrecognizelessimportantmaterialandyoumayskipsomeoftheseportions.Skimminghelpsdoubleyourreadingspeedandimproveyourcomprehensionaswell.[5]Gooveryournotesassoonasyoucanafterclass.ReviewimportantpointsmentionedinclassaswellaspointsyouremainconfuseD.Ifyouknowwhattheteacherwilldiscussthenextdayskimandreadthatmaterialtoo.Ifyoureviewyournotesandtextbookregularlythematerialwillbecomemoremeaningfulandyouwillrememberitlonger.Regularreviewleadstoimprovedperformanceontests.[6]Developagoodattitudetowardstests.Thepurposeofatestistoshowwhatyouhavelearnedaboutasubject.Thewordwon’tendifyoudon’tpassatestsodon’tworryexcessivelyaboutasingletest.[7]Thereareothertechniquesthatmighthelpyouwithyourstudying.Improvingyourstudyinghabitswillimproveyourgrades.【小题1】What’sthemainideaofthepassage?nomorethan8words____________________________________________________________________【小题2】Whatshouldyoudoifyoufailatest?nomorethan4words____________________________________________________________________【小题3】Pleasefillintheblankinthefifthparagraphwithproperwords.nomorethan4words____________________________________________________________________【小题4】Accordingtothepassagehowcananaveragestudentimprovehis/hergrades?nomorethan6words____________________________________________________________________【小题5】Whatdoestheworditline4paragraph5probablyreferto?nomorethan3words____________________________________________________________________
[1]TherearemanyTVprogramsonChinesefoodbutfewarelikeABiteofChina.Directedbyaward-winningfilmmakerChenXiaoqingA.BiteofChinaisfilledwithnotjustmouthwateringimagesofvariousfoodsbutalsothebeautifulprocessoffood-making.Theprogramissuretoattractbothexpertsandordinaryaudiences.[2]Wehavesomeinterestingshotsoffood-makingbuthowtocreatedishesisonlyoneaspectoffoodculturE.Theprogramtriestobringsomethingnewbypresentingmoreculturalelementsrelatedtodishessuchaseattinghabitsandthetraditionsofeating.saidChen.Oneepisode剧集部forexamplecentersonthestaplefoods.ItexplainswhyriceisthemainfoodofthesouthernChinesedietwhilewheatflour___________________.[3]Theshowisnotonlyaboutdishes.EveryepisodewillinterviewdifferentpeoplewhowilltellstoriesabouttheiradventureswithfooD.Asasayinggoes‘youarewhatyoueat'Chensays.FoodisalwaysconnectedwithpeoplE.Togetenoughgoodstoriestheproductionteamspentthreemonthsdoingresearchandinterviewsinabout60citiesbeforetheystartedshootinglastJuly.[4]Anepisodeaboutpickles泡菜forinstanceisaboutawhite-collarwomaninBeijingwhoreturnstoherhometownandmakespicklesforthefirsttimeforherlonelymother.[5]AnotherepisodecontainsjoyfulmomentsofsonsanddaughtersmakingNewYearcakesricepuddingaftertheyreturnhomefrombigcitiestocelebratewiththeirparentswhohavebeenstayingintheirhomevillagE.[6]ChensaysthesevenepisodesmightnotbeenoughtoshowthegloryofChinesefoodculturE.He'splanningasecondandthirdinstallment.56.HowdifferentisA.BiteofChinafromotherfoodprograms?nomorethan15words___________________________________________________________________________57.FillintheblankinParagraph2withproperwords.nomorethan8words___________________________________________________________________________58.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?nomorethan8words_________________________________________________________________________59.Traditionalfoodhasbecomeasymbolof____________inthestoriesofParagraph4and5.nomorethan2words___________________________________________________________________________60.WhydidChenmakeA.biteofChinaaccordingtothepassage?nomorethan12words______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[1]SwimmingisoneofthoseactivitiesthatcanbelearnedearlyinlifE.Littlechildrencanlearntoswimassoonastheywalk.Infactyouneedthesameskillsinwalkingasinswimming.HoweverIbelievethatfiveisthebestagetolearn.Byfiveorsixachildknowsfearofwateraveryimportantthingtoknow.It’swisetobeafraidtorecognizetruedanger.Youngonesunderstandthatthewatercansometimesbeverydangerous.[2]Toreallybenefitfromswimmingeveryswimmershouldlearn_______butterflybackstrokebreaststrokeandcrawl.Ifeelthatoneofthese—thebreaststroke—isdifferentfromtheotherssincesomeyoungswimmersusethisstrokenaturallywithoutanytraining.[3]Inswimmingtherearecertainruleseveryswimmershouldfollow:[4]Neverswimalone!Nomatterhowgoodyouareinthewaterdon’triskdrowningbyswimmingalonE.IfyouswimbyyourselfwithnolifeguardsorfriendswithyouyoumaygetintotroublE.[5]Don’tgobeyondyourabilities.Mostswimmersknowenoughnottoswimtoofarfromthebankorthebeach.ShowingoffbydoingdangeroustricksisnogooD.SwimsafelyandyouwillcontinuetoswimandalivE.[6]Don’tsmokE.Swimmingdependsonahealthybody;goodlungsarepartofit.[7]Workatanyactivitythatbuildsmuscles.76.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?nomorethan10words_______________________________________________________________________77.Pleasecompletethefollowingstatementwithproperwords.nomorethan5words____________________________andtherecognitionofitsdangeraresensiblE.78.FillintheblankinParagraph2withproperwords.nomorethan7words_______________________________________________________________________79.Whyshouldnotyouswimaloneaccordingtothepassage?nomorethan10words_______________________________________________________________________80.WhatdoestheworditParagraph6probablyreferto?nomorethan3words_______________________________________________________________________
MallsarepopularplacesforAmericanstogo.Somepeoplespendsomuchtimeatmallsthattheyarecalledmallrats.Mallratsshopuntiltheydropinthehundredsofstores.Peoplelikemallsformanyreasons.Theyfeelsafebecausemallshavepolicestations.ParkingisusuallyfreeandtheweatherinsideisalwaysfinE.Thenewestmallshavebeautifulrestplaceswithwaterfallsandlargegreentrees.ThelargestmallintheUnitedStatesistheMallofAmericainMinnesotA.Itcovers4.2millionsquarefeet.Ithas350storeseightnightclubsandalargepark!Thereareparkingspacesfor12.750cars.About750000peopleshopthereeveryweek.ThefirstindoormallintheUnitedStateswasbuiltin1965inEdinaMinnesotA.PeoplelovedoingalltheirshoppinginoneplacE.Moremallsarebuiltaroundthecountry.Nowmallsareliketowncenterswherepeople____________________.Theyshopofcoursetheyalsoeatinfoodcourts广场thathavefoodfromallovertheworlD.Theyseefilmsattheaters.Somepeopleevengettheirexercisebydoingthenewsportofmallwalking.Othersgotomallstomeetfriends.Insomemallspeoplecanseeadoctorandevengotothechurch.Inotherwordspeoplecandojustabouteverythinginmalls.Nowpeoplecanliveintheirfavoriteshoppingcenterinfact.56.Whydopeoplelikemalls?Pleaseanswerwithin10words______________________________________________________57.Whatdoesmallmeanhere?_____________________________________________________________58.Exceptshoppingwhatelsecanpeopledointhemall?Pleaseanswerwithin30words_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________59.PleasefillintheblankinthefourthparagraphwithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethesentencE.Pleaseanswerwithin10words_____________________________________________________________________60.WhatisthebesttitleofthisPassage?_____________________________________________________________________
请认真阅读下列短文并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词CelebratingsleepWorldSleepDayobservedon21Marchwascreatedtobringattentiontothegrowingnumberofsleepproblemsworldwide.Sleepisanaturalpartofhumanlifebutmanypeopleinthemodernworldignoreitsimportance.Asaresultsleepproblemsareincreasinglycommon.In2002scientistsattheUniversityofAthensinGreececonductedasurveyofover35000peoplein10countriesaroundtheworldincludingChinaBelgiumandSouthAfrica.Ofthepeoplethatrespondedtothesurvey24percentsaidthattheydidnotsleepwellandbasedontheirresponses31.6percentwerediagnosed诊断withinsomnia失眠andanother17.5percentwerediagnosedwithborderlineinsomnia.Inaddition30.7percentofsurveyrespondentsreportedvisitingadoctorforhelpwithsleepproblemsand11.6percentsaidthattheyfeltverysleepyduringtheday.Overallthesurveyfoundthatmanypeoplesufferfromtheeffectsofpoorqualitysleepsomeexamplesofwhicharebeingunabletofallasleepandwakingupinthemiddleofthenight.Themainfactorscausingtheseproblemsarepressurefromschoolorworkandafastpaceoflifebutnoisepollutionandlightpollutionalsointerferewithsleepandcontributetopoorqualitysleep.Thesurvey’sfindingsareparticularlytroublingbecauselargenumbersofpeoplewerefoundtohavedifficultysleepingatnight.Theshorttermeffectsofthisaretirednessandtroubleconcentrating.Ifthishappensforalongtimetheriskofgainingweightandhavingaheartattackmayincrease.Therearemanythingsyoucandotoimprovethequalityofyoursleep.Firstyoushouldhaveregularsleephabits.Trytogotobedandwakeuparoundthesametimeeachday.Youalsoneedtomakeyourbedroomacooldarkquietplacetosleepsothatheatlightandnoisedonotdisturbyou.Atnightyoushouldalsoavoidthingsthatcontaincaffeine咖啡因suchaschocolatecoffeeteaandmanysoftdrinksascaffeinemaykeepyoufromsleeping.Gettingagoodnight’ssleepisimportantforeveryone.Byfollowingtheadviceaboveyoucanrestbetteratnightandworkbetterduringtheday.Title:CelebratingSleepTopicContentWorldSleepDayOwingto74▲oftheimportanceofsleeppeoplecelebratedWorldSleepDaybringingattentiontotheincreasingproblemsofsleep.Responsesofthesurvey▲Of35000peoplein10countriesintheworldtherewere24%ofthepeople75▲fromsleeplessness.▲31.6%werediagnosedwithinsomniaandanother17.5%wereontheedgeofinsomnia.▲The76▲ofthepeoplefeelingsleepyduringthedayis11.6.▲30.7%reported77▲toadoctorforsleepproblems.72▲causingsleepproblems&theirconsequences▲Under78▲fromschoolorworkpeoplemayhavesleepproblems.▲Poorqualitysleepalso79▲fromnoiseorlightpollution.▲Feelingtiredandsleepypeoplehavedifficulty80▲onwhattheyaredoing.▲Itislikelythatsleeplesspeopleeasilyputonweightandhaveaheartattack.73▲totaketoimprovesleepquality▲Haveregularsleephabits.▲Makeyourbedroomcooldarkandquiet.▲Avoidthings81▲caffeine.
Beforethe1850’stheUnitedStateshadanumberofsmallcollegesmostofthemdatingfromcolonial殖民的days.Theyweresmallchurchconnectedinstitutionswhoseprimaryconcernwastoshapethemoralcharacteroftheirstudents.ThroughoutEuropeinstitutionsofhigherlearninghaddevelopedbearingtheancientnameofuniversity.InGermanuniversitywasconcernedprimarilywithcreatingandspreadingknowledgenotmorals.Betweenmid-centuryandtheendofthe1800’smorethanninethousandyoungAmericansdissatisfiedwiththeirtrainingathomewenttoGermanyforadvancedstudy.Someofthemreturntobecomepresidentsofadmiredcolleges－HarvardYaleColumbia－andtransformthemintomodernuniversities.Thenewpresidentsbrokealltieswiththechurchesandbroughtinanewkindoffaculty.Professorswerehiredfortheirknowledgeofasubjectnotbecausetheywereoftheproperfaithandhadastrongarmfordiscipliningstudents.Thenewprinciplewasthatauniversitywastocreateknowledgeaswellaspassitonandthiscalledforafacultymadeupofteacher-scholars.DrillingandlearningbymemorizationwerereplacedbytheGermanmethodoflecturinginwhichtheprofessor’sownresearchwaspresentedinclass.GraduatetrainingleadingtothePh.D.anancientGermandegreerepresentingthehighestlevelofadvancedscholarlyachievementwasintroduceD.Withtheestablishmentoftheseminarsystemgraduatestudentlearnedtoquestionanalyzeandconducttheirownresearch.AtthesametimethenewuniversitygreatlyexpandedinsizeandcourseofferingsbreakingcompletelyoutoftheoldrestrictedcurriculumofmathematicsclassicsrhetoricandmusiC.ThepresidentofHarvardpioneeredtheelectivesystembywhichstudentswereabletochoosetheirowncourseofstudy.Thenewgoalwastomaketheuniversityrelevant相关的totherealpursuits追求oftheworlD.TitleThedevelopmentofthe71intheUSAThebeginningsituationofcollegesintheUSABeforethe1850’stheUSAhadsomesmallcollegestoshape72oftheirstudentsThesurroundingeducationsituationsThroughEuropeInstitutionsofhigherlearninghaddevelopedInGermanyCreatingandspreadingknowledgewere73ThingschangedTimeBetweenMid-centuryandtheendof1800sPeopleMorethan9000youngAmericansPurpose7475Breakingalltieswithchurchesandbringinginanewkindoffaculty76withacademicknowledgeofasubjectCreatingknowledgeaswellas77inuniversityIntroducingaGermanmethod---78intotheclassExpandinginsizeandcourseofferings79theelectivesystembythepresidentofHarvard80Tomaketheuniversityrelevanttotherealpursuitsoftheworld
[1]Everyonewantssomethinginlifelovemoneysuccessandsoon.Yettoomanypeoplefailtoachievetheirgoalsandnearlyallofthemareforthesamereason.[2]It‘struethatterriblethingsdohappentopeopleduringtheirlivesthoughnofaultoftheirownwhichmaymakethemfeelupset.Generallyspeakinghowevergettingwhatyoureallywantoutoflifeisjustamatterofthefollowingthreesimplesteps.[3]Firstlyyouhavetodecidewhatitisyouwantthemost.Butdonotmakealistofwishes;trytofocusononethingatatimE.Ifyou‘renotsureaboutwhereyouwanttogoyou‘dbetterthinkitoverfirstandnothurrytoperform.[4]Secondlycreateanactionplan.Thiswillbeyourmapforgettingfrom___________________towhereyouwanttogo.Youknowwhatyouwantandwhatstepsyouaregoingtotaketogetit.Forexampleifyouwantabetterjobstartwithaskillsassessment评价andmaybesomeextratraining.Thenyou‘llneedtosellyourselfandyourskillseithertoyourpresentemployerortoanewemployer.[5]Othergoalswillrequireabitmorethought.SomewillreallygetyoulostwithoutaclueofhowtogettherE.Nottoworrythoughbooksbiographiesandsuchcanbeofgreathelp.[6]ThethirdandfinalstepistoexecutE.DowhatyouplanneD.TakethestepsyououtlinedonyourroadmapandkeepgoingonallthetimE.Ifyourunintosomepeoplewhoareagainstyousimplyignorethem.[7]Nevergiveupthegoal.Keeppushing.Whateveryoudodonotloseheartuntilyouhavewhatyoudesireinyourhands.Neverthinkthatyoucan’tturnyourdreamintoareality.76.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellreadersinthisarticle?Nomorethan10words_________________________________________________________________77.FillintheblankinParagraph4withproperwords.Nomorethan5words_________________________________________________________________78.listthethreesimplestepsthatyoushouldtakeifyouwanttoachieveyourgoals.nomorethan20words_________________________________________________________________79.What’sthemostimportantthingwhendecidingwhattodo?Nomorethan8words_________________________________________________________________80.Whatdoestheunderlinedworditinparagraph3probablyreferto?Nomorethan5words_________________________________________________________________
1Electronicdevices装置arechangingthewaypeoplelistentomusiC.ButstudiesshowthedevicesmaybecausinghearinglossinmanypeoplE.Someexpertssaypeoplemaybeplayingthemtooloudandfortoolong.Andexpertssaysoundlevelsonthesedevicesneedtobesetlower.2Researchersdidastudywiththreehundredhighschoolstudentsandonethousandadults.Theywereaskedabouttheiruseofportablemusicdevices.Fortypercentofstudentsandadultssaidtheysetthesoundlevelsathighontheirplayers.Butstudentsweretwotimesmorelikelytoplaythemusicataveryloudvolume音量.MorethanhalfofthestudentssaidtheywouldprobablynotlimittheirlisteningtimE.3Thestudyfoundthatmorethanhalfofthestudentsandlessthanfortypercentoftheadultshadatleastonekindofhearingloss.SomereporteddifficultyhearingpartsofadiscussionbetweentwopeoplE.Otherssaidtheyhadtoraisevolumecontrolsonatelevisionorradiotohearitbetter.Andsomeexperiencedringingintheirearsorothernoises.4Hearingexpertssaypartoftheproblemisthelisteningequipmentpeopleareusing.Theysaylargeearphonesthatcoverthewholeearareprobablysaferthanthesmallerearbuds耳塞thatcomewithmostmusicplayers.Hearinglossmaynotbeobviousforyearshoweveronceithappensthereisfewchanceofcuring.AboutthirtymillionAmericanshavesomehearingloss.Onethirdofthemlosttheirhearingasaresultofloudnoises.5TheAmericanSpeech-Language-HearingAssociationisworkingwithcompaniesandgovernmentofficialsonsettingrulesforuseofportablemusicdevices.Thegroupsaysthebestwaytoprotectyourhearingistolimitlisteningtimeanduseearphonesthatblockoutforeignnoises.76.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?Pleaseanswerwithin10words.77.HowmanyAmericanslosttheirhearingasaresultofloudnoises?nomorethan4words78.PleasefillintheblankinthelastparagraphwithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethesentencE.Pleaseanswerwithin10words.79.Whattroublewillhappentoapersonifhesufferssomehearingloss?Pleasegivethreeexamplesmentioneditthepassageeachwithin15words.80.WhatdoestheunderlinedworditLine4Para4referto?nomorethan2word
Playingisserousbusinessforchildren.Infactit’swhattheydobest!AskthemwhytheydoitandkidswillprobablysayBecauseit’sfun!Butit’smuchmorethanthat.It’salsogoodforthem.Studiesshowthatfrombirthbabiesbeginlearningthroughplay.TheyusetheirfivesensestogetknowtheirnewworlD.Touchingallowsthemtodiscoverhowdifferentthingsfeel.Brightlycoloredtoysandclothinghelpdevelopababy’ssenseofsight.Whensmallchildrenchoosewhichtoytoplaywiththeybegindevelopingtheirabilitiesinmakingdecisions.Childrenlovetoysthatallowthemtousetheirimagination.Sometimesanemptyboxismorefunthanahigh-techtoy.That’sbecauseaboxcanbecomeanythingachildimaginesittobE.CrayonspaintsandPlay-Doh彩色塑泥arealsogoodbecausetheyallowchildrentocreatE.Traditionalbuildingblocksteachimportantpre-mathskillslikeproblem-solving.Playingdoesn’tbecomeanylessimportantoncechildrenstartschool.ManyvaluablelessonsaboutlifearelearnedontheplaygrounD.Kidslearnhowtosharetaketurnsandplaybytherules.81.Whatcanchildrendobestintheirchildhood≤1word______________________________________________________________________________82.Whathelpdevelopababy'ssenseofsightaccordingtothepassage≤5words______________________________________________________________________________83.Whendothechildrenbegindevelopingtheirabilitiesinmakingdecisions?≤9words______________________________________________________________________________84.Whatkindoftoysdochildrenlove≤5words______________________________________________________________________________85.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus≤6words______________________________________________________________________________
Whenchildrengotocamptheyareontheirownsometimesfortheveryfirsttimeintheirlives.Theyhavetodecidewhattowearwhattoeatandwhichactivitiestoparticipatein.AsaresulttheydevelopindependenceandconfidencE.Asself-respectdevelopsfromlearningtobeindependentchildrencontinuestotrynewactivities.Alsoitispossiblethattheywillengageinwhattheyareunfamiliarwith.Inschoolchildrendonotexperiencesuccessinthesameway.Campcanbeaschoolwithoutfailurebecausejusthavingfunmakesthemasuccess.Oneofthegreatestbenefitsofacampexperienceisthatchildrendevelopsocialskills.Incampsettingagoodcounselor顾问willmakesurethateverycamperisincludedintheactivityandthateachchildinteractswiththeothersinapositiveway.Theylearntogiveandtakeandtheylearnhowtoworkandcooperatesomethingassimpleasclean-upisnotonlytheretogetthecabincleanbuttopromoteateamatmosphereofworkingtogetherwhichinturnresultsinfriendship.Theobviousbenefitofcampisthatcampersmakelonglastingfriendships.Thesefriendshipscanoftenbeuniqueandspecialbecausecampersarelivingwitheachotherandseethetruepersonalities.Childrenlearntoseeothersfromadifferentviewpoint.Childrentendtobeacceptedforwhotheyareanddonothavetobeconcernedaboutwhattheywearwhattheyaregoodatandhowtheylook.Thisisbecauseinacampsettingrespectandcaringfinallywinoutovermaterialisticobjectives.Inawordcampdoesgivechildrenfunfriendsandfulfillment.56.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Nomorethan8words_____________________________________________________________________57.PleaseexplaintheunderlinedphraseontheirowninEnglish.Nomorethanoneword_____________________________________________________________________58.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?Nomorethan7words_____________________________________________________________________59.Howarelonglastingfriendshipsmadeamongcampers?Nomorethan10words_____________________________________________________________________60.Accordingtotheauthorwhatcanchildrengetfromcamping?Nomorethan4words_______________________________________________________________
Summervacationsshouldbeatimeofleisureforcollegestudents.HowevermanyofthemusetheopportunitytoparticipateinsummerprojectsinsteaD.Fromvolunteeringworktoenvironmentalprotectiontours9studentsaimtogetaheadandpreparefortheirfuturE.XuDanlovesvacationsbecauseitmeansshecanspendmoretimevolunteering.The21-year-oldEnglishmajorfromZhejiangNormalUniversitybelievesthatvolunteeringhastransformedherlifeandmadeherabetterperson.TwoyearsagoXuwasashygirl.Onedayshesawagroupofvolunteerspickinguptrashinthestreet.Sinceshehadnoplansforthesummervacationandwantedtomakesomefriendsshepickeduphercourageandjoinedthem.Iusedtothinkvolunteeringisnothingmorethanpickinguptrash.NowIknowthatthemeaningofvolunteerworkishelpingothersandgainingself-esteemXusays.Hervol-unteeringscheduleisfull:teachingmigrationworkers'childrenEnglishfromMondaystoFridayspickinguptrashonSaturdaysandvisitingoldpeopleonSundays.ForXuvisitingoldpeopleisthemostrewardingactivity.¨Ihelpthemcleantheirhomesandcuttheirhairltalktothemandlistentotheirlifestories.ThesearejustsmallthingsbutI'maddictedtoitbecauseeverytimeIhelpothersIfeelsatisfiedandmoreconfi1entaboutmyselfXusays.AccordingtoXuthepositiveenergyshegetsfromvolunteeringreflectsonthewayshedealswithpeopleandseestheworlD.Icanseethingsfromotherpeople'spointofviewandlookatthingsmorepositively.IthinkI'mgoingtomakevolunteeringalifelongundertakingshesays.66.Whydomanycollegestudentsparticipateinsummerprojects?Nomorethan12words____________________________________________________________________________67.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword.transformedinParagraph2?lword____________________________________________________________________________68.HowdoesXuDanarrangehervolunteerworkonweekends?Nomorethan12words____________________________________________________________________________69.Whatcanwelearnbyvolunteeringinthispassage?Nomorethan15words____________________________________________________________________________70.Ifyoujoininvolunteerwork:whatprojectareyouinterestedin?Andwhy?Nomorethan25words____________________________________________________________________________
NewYeartraditionsallaroundtheworldHappyNewYear!Everyonewillgreeteachotherwiththesewordsastheymeeteachotheroverthenextcoupleofweeks.Butitwasn’talwaysJanuary1thatmarkedtheNewYear.Atleast4000yearsagotheancientEgyptiansandBabyloniansmarkedthechangingoftheyear.InEgypttheyearstartedwhentheNileRiverfloodedenrichingfarmers’fields.ThishappenedattheendofSeptember.TheBabyloniansheldafestivalinthespringonMarch23tokickoffthenextfarmingcyclE.TheBabyloniancelebrationlastedfor11days.ThedateJanuary1waspickedbytheRomanEmperorJuliusCaesarasthechangeoftheyearwhenheestablishedhisowncalendarin46BC.ThemonthofJanuaryoriginatesfromtheRomangodJanus.Heispicturedwithtwoheads.Oneheadlooksforwardandtheotherback.Theyrepresentabreakbetweentheoldandnew.Thenewcalendarwasintimewiththesunandithasbeenuseduntilthepresentday.InVietnamtheNewYearholidayhappensinFebruary.TheybuyfreshflowersandapeachblossomtoputintheirhousefollowingtheVietnamesecustom.ThailandhasitsspecificNewYear’sdate;it’sdifferentfromthenormalcalendar.TheThaiNewYeariscelebratedonApril13.OnthisdayThaipeopleplaywithwaterthrowingitoneachother.ItisintendedtobringgoodluckduringtheNewYearaheaD.InChinathemorefavorableNewYearisusuallycelebratedinFebruaryaccordingtolunarcalendar阴历.OnNewYear’sEveallfamilymemberssittogetherattableenjoyinglotsofauspiciousfoodssuchasdumplingschickentobringgoodluck.
Whenyouarefarawayfromhomeforthefirsttimeandhavealottoadjusttoyoucan'tdoitalonE.Howeverindependentyouareitisgoodtohavearoommateduringyourfirstyear.Livingwithsomeonehelpseaseyourloneliness.SureitmayseemappealingtobeabletoplayyourmusicandturnupyourTVasloudasyouwantbutcominghometoanemptyroomeverydaycanbedepressing.IfyouhaveabaddayyoumaywanttotalktosomeonE.Friendsaregreatsourcesofventing宣泄butfriendscan'talwaysbetherE.Evenworsetheymaybeselfcenteredandshownointerestinyourproblem.It'snotthatroommatesaren'tlikethisbutevenjustsmalltalkcanhelpyoufeelbetter.Havingaroommateteachesyouhowtogetalongwithpeopleandsettleconflict.Youtwoshouldsetuprulesimmediatelyanddiscusswhattodowhenthereisconflict.Ifyoutwodon'tlikeeachotheryoustillstudyrelaxandsleepinthesameroom.Youmustfindawaytogetalong.Finallyhavingaroommateexposes使接触youtodifferentwaysofliving.Yourroommatemaycomefromadifferentcityandhavedifferentlivinghabits.Heorshealsohasdifferentinterestsandpersonalities.Youdon'thavetoenduplikingthesamethingsyourroommatedoesbut_______________________.YouwillbesurroundedbymanydifferentpeopleincollegeandhavethechancetotrythingsyouneverhavebeforE.WhynotstartlearningfromyourroommateHavingaroommategivesyoutheskillsandpersonalbackgroundyouwillneedtoutilize利用whenyouareoutonyourown.Makethemostoflivingwithastrangerandbesidestherewillbeplentyofopportunitiesforyoutohaveyourownroomlaterinyourcollegeyears.76.Whatisthemainpurposeofwrittingthetext.nomorethan10words77Completethefollowingstatementwithproperwords.nomorethan8words.Evenifyoucan__________youcanstillbenefitfromthefreshmensharingthesamedormitorywithyou.78.PleasefillintheblankwithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethesentencE.Pleaseanswerwithin5words.79.DoyouagreewithopinionthatYoucanshareeverythingwithyourroommate?Pleasegiveyourreason.Pleaseanswerwithin30words.80.Whatdoestheworditline1paragraph2probablyreferto?nomorethan15words
FastfoodandtoomuchTVtimeshouldn’ttakealltheblamefor对承担责任theweightproblems.A.groupofresearcherssaythatanumberofaspects方面ofmodernliving----fromlackofsleeptoenvironmentalchemicalsandtolivingwithairconditioning空调----maybecloselyrelatedtotheweightproblemsofmanypeoplE.Lackofsleepisonefactor因素.Researchinanimalsandhumanssuggeststhatalackofsleepoveralongperiodoftimecanincreaseappetite食欲.Studiesalsoshowthatmanyadultsandchildrenaresleepinglessthantheyusedto.Inrecentdecades十年间adultshavegonefromsleepingforallaverageofninehourstoaboutsevenhours.Thereisalsoevidencethatindustrialchemicalsmayincreasebodyfat.Thesechemicalswhichareusedinproductschangehormonal荷尔蒙activitywhentheygetintothebody.Studiessuggestthatpeoplehavebeengettingmoreandmoreofthesechemicalsthroughthefoodchaininrecentdecades.Anotherfactorthatmaybemakingpeopleoverweightisairconditioning.Thebodyburnscalorieswhenforcedtocontrolitsowntemperatureandpeopletendtoeatlessinhotandwetweatherbutairconditioningmakesitunnecessaryforthebodytomakeanyadjustment调整.Researchersalsolistotherpossibleriskfactorsforoverweightincludingmoreoldermotherswhosechildrenmaybecomeoverweightmoreeasily;anumberofmedicineswhichcanleadtoweightgain;andfewerpeoplewhosmokesincepeopleoftengainweightwhentheystopsmokingbecausenicotinecanmakepeopleeatless.Nooneissuggestingthatpeopleshouldstopworkingandsleepmoreorkeepsmoking.Whenitcomestoanyperson’sweightwhatreallymattersishowmuchtheyeatandhowmuchofthefoodtheyuseeveryday.Thatmeansdietandexercisearestillthekey.Title71relatedto与..有关的theweightproblemsSituationResearcherssaythatnotonlyfastfoodandtoomuchTVtimebutalsomanyaspectsofmodernlivingshouldtaketheblamefor72.Threemainfactors73lincreaseappetitE.lreduceaveragesleepinghoursfrom74toaboutsevenhours.Industrialchemicalslincrease75.lchangehormonalactivity.lbegotthroughthefoodchain.76lpeopletendtoeatlessinhotandwetweatherlairconditioningmakesit77forthebodytomakeanyadjustment.Otherpossiblefactorslmoreoldermothers.lanumberofmedicines.lmorepeoplewho7879whatreallymattersishowmuchtheyeatandhowmuchofthefoodtheyuseeveryday.Thekeytoperson’sweightproblemis80.
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