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PassageTwo CananimalsbemadetoworkforusSomescientiststhinkthatonedayanimalsmaybetrainedtodoanumberofsimplejobsthatarenowdonebyhumanbeings.Theypointoutthatatacircusforexamplewemayseeelephantsmonkeysdogsandotheranimalsdoingquiteskillfulthings.Perhapsyouhaveseenthemonthetelevisionorinafilm.Ifyouwatchcloselyyoumaynoticethatthetraineralwaysgivestheanimalapieceofcandyorapieceoffruitasareward.Thescientistssaythatmanydifferentanimalsmaybetrainedtodoanumberofsimplejobsiftheyknowtheywillgetarewardfordoingthem.Ofcourseasweknowdogscanbeusedtoguardahouseandsoldiersinbotholdandmodemtimeshaveusedgeesetogivewarningbymakingalotofnoisewhenastrangeroranenemycomesnear.Butitmaybepossibletotrainanimalstoworkinfactories.InRussiaforexamplepigeonswhicharebirdswithgoodeyesightarebeingusedtowatchoutforfaultsinsmallsteelballsthatarebeingmadeinonefactory.Whenthepigeonseesaballwhichlooksdifferentfromothersittouchesasteelplatewithitsbeak.Thistumsonalighttowarnpeopleinthefactory.Atthesametimeafewseedsaregivenasareward.Ittakesthreetofiveweekstotrainapigeontodothisandonepigeoncaninspect3000to4000ballsanhour.ApeshavebeenusedinAmericainhelpingtomakecarsandscientistsbelievethattheselargemonkeysmaybeonedaygathercropsandevendrivetrains. Thetrainerusuallygivestheanimalapieceofcandyorfruit
Twoorthreetimesaweekshehadacustomerin21shebegantotakeaninterest.Hewasamiddle-agedman22spectaclesandabrownbeard.HespokeEnglishwithastrongGermanaccent.Hisclotheswerewornandwrinkledbuthelookedneatandhadverygoodmanners.Healwaysboughttwo23ofstalebread.Heneveraskedforanything24stalebread;itcostalotlessthan25bread.OnceMissAlbertnoticedaredandbrownstainonhisfinger.Shewassurethathewasanartistandverypoor.Nodoubthelivedinanatticwherehe26picturesandatestalebreadandthoughtofgoodthingstoeatinthebakery.OftenwhenMissAlbertsatdowntohereveningmealshe27sighandwishtheartistmightshareherfoodinsteadofeatinghisdrybread.Onedaythecustomercamein28usualandaskedforhisstalebread.AsthesuddennoiseofthefireenginemadehimhurrytothedoorMissAlbert29heropportunity.Shecuteachoftheloaveswithaknifeinsertedsomebutterandwhenthecustomerturnedroundshewasputtingthem30apaperbag. 28
PassageThreeSomepeopledonotlikeanythingtobeoutofplace;theyareneverlateforwork;theyreturntheirbooksontimetothelibrary;theyrememberpeople’sbirthdays;andtheypaytheirbillsassoonastheyarrive.Mr.Hillissuchaman.Mr.Hillworksinabankandlivesalone.Theonlyfamilyhehasisinthenexttown:hissisterlivestherewithherhusbandandhersonJack.Mr.HilldoesnotseehissisterorherfamilyfromoneyeartothenextbuthesendsthemChristmascardsandhehasnotforgottenoneofJack’sseventeenbirthdays.LastweekMr.Hillhadquiteasurprise.Hedrovehomefromthebankattheusualtimedrivingneithertooslowlynortoofast;heparkedhiscarwherehealwaysparkeditoutofthewayofothercarsandhewentinsidetomakehiseveningmeal.Justthentherewasaknockatthedoor.Heopenedthedoortofindapolicemanstandingonthedoor-step."WhathaveIdonewrong"Mr.Hillaskedhimself."HaveIdrivenonthewrongsideoftheroadHastherebeensometroubleatthebankHaveIforgottentopayanimportantbill""HelloUncle"saidthepoliceman"MynameisJack." LastweekMr.Hill
PassageTwo CananimalsbemadetoworkforusSomescientiststhinkthatonedayanimalsmaybetrainedtodoanumberofsimplejobsthatarenowdonebyhumanbeings.Theypointoutthatatacircusforexamplewemayseeelephantsmonkeysdogsandotheranimalsdoingquiteskillfulthings.Perhapsyouhaveseenthemonthetelevisionorinafilm.Ifyouwatchcloselyyoumaynoticethatthetraineralwaysgivestheanimalapieceofcandyorapieceoffruitasareward.Thescientistssaythatmanydifferentanimalsmaybetrainedtodoanumberofsimplejobsiftheyknowtheywillgetarewardfordoingthem.Ofcourseasweknowdogscanbeusedtoguardahouseandsoldiersinbotholdandmodemtimeshaveusedgeesetogivewarningbymakingalotofnoisewhenastrangeroranenemycomesnear.Butitmaybepossibletotrainanimalstoworkinfactories.InRussiaforexamplepigeonswhicharebirdswithgoodeyesightarebeingusedtowatchoutforfaultsinsmallsteelballsthatarebeingmadeinonefactory.Whenthepigeonseesaballwhichlooksdifferentfromothersittouchesasteelplatewithitsbeak.Thistumsonalighttowarnpeopleinthefactory.Atthesametimeafewseedsaregivenasareward.Ittakesthreetofiveweekstotrainapigeontodothisandonepigeoncaninspect3000to4000ballsanhour.ApeshavebeenusedinAmericainhelpingtomakecarsandscientistsbelievethattheselargemonkeysmaybeonedaygathercropsandevendrivetrains. Manyanimalsmaybetrainedtodosimplejobsiftheyknow
Thefirsttruepieceofsportsequipmentthatmaninventedwastheball.InancientEgyptaseverywherepitchingstoneswasafavoritechildren’sgame.Butabadlythrownrockcouldhurtachild.LookingforsomethinglessdangeroustothrowtheEgyptiansmadewhatwereprobablythefirstballs.Atfirstballsweremadeofgrassorleavesheldtogetherbyvines.Latertheyweremadeofpieceofanimalskinsewedtogetherandstuffedwithfeathersorhay.EventhoughtheEgyptianswerewarliketheyfoundtimeforpeacefulgames.Beforelongtheyhaddevelopedanumberofballgameseachwithitsownsetofrules.Perhapstheyplayedballmoreforinstructionthanforfun.Ballplayingwasthoughtofmainlyasawaytoteachyoungmenthespeedandskilltheywouldneedforwar. TheEgyptiansthoughtthatballplayingwas
PassageThreeSomepeopledonotlikeanythingtobeoutofplace;theyareneverlateforwork;theyreturntheirbooksontimetothelibrary;theyrememberpeople’sbirthdays;andtheypaytheirbillsassoonastheyarrive.Mr.Hillissuchaman.Mr.Hillworksinabankandlivesalone.Theonlyfamilyhehasisinthenexttown:hissisterlivestherewithherhusbandandhersonJack.Mr.HilldoesnotseehissisterorherfamilyfromoneyeartothenextbuthesendsthemChristmascardsandhehasnotforgottenoneofJack’sseventeenbirthdays.LastweekMr.Hillhadquiteasurprise.Hedrovehomefromthebankattheusualtimedrivingneithertooslowlynortoofast;heparkedhiscarwherehealwaysparkeditoutofthewayofothercarsandhewentinsidetomakehiseveningmeal.Justthentherewasaknockatthedoor.Heopenedthedoortofindapolicemanstandingonthedoor-step."WhathaveIdonewrong"Mr.Hillaskedhimself."HaveIdrivenonthewrongsideoftheroadHastherebeensometroubleatthebankHaveIforgottentopayanimportantbill""HelloUncle"saidthepoliceman"MynameisJack." Mr.Hill
Twoorthreetimesaweekshehadacustomerin21shebegantotakeaninterest.Hewasamiddle-agedman22spectaclesandabrownbeard.HespokeEnglishwithastrongGermanaccent.Hisclotheswerewornandwrinkledbuthelookedneatandhadverygoodmanners.Healwaysboughttwo23ofstalebread.Heneveraskedforanything24stalebread;itcostalotlessthan25bread.OnceMissAlbertnoticedaredandbrownstainonhisfinger.Shewassurethathewasanartistandverypoor.Nodoubthelivedinanatticwherehe26picturesandatestalebreadandthoughtofgoodthingstoeatinthebakery.OftenwhenMissAlbertsatdowntohereveningmealshe27sighandwishtheartistmightshareherfoodinsteadofeatinghisdrybread.Onedaythecustomercamein28usualandaskedforhisstalebread.AsthesuddennoiseofthefireenginemadehimhurrytothedoorMissAlbert29heropportunity.Shecuteachoftheloaveswithaknifeinsertedsomebutterandwhenthecustomerturnedroundshewasputtingthem30apaperbag. 29
A.Noonelikestogotothecinema.B.Ilikehimverymuch. C.TheheroisplayedbyLeo.D.That’dbeverykindofyou. E.It’sanewoneIsupposeF.Hereisyourseat. G.Comeon!H.Butsomethingiswrongwithmycar. Bruce:WouldyouliketoseethemovieTatanicPenny Penny:56Isitanygood Bruce:Ihearit’sverygood.57 Penny:Ohterrific!Leoismyfavorite.58 Bruce:IhearitisonattheSupermanCinematonight.Whydon’twegotoseeittogether Penny:Okay.59 Bruce:Don’tworry.I’llgiveyouarideatyourofficeat6. Penny:60 Bruce:Seeyouthen Penny:Bye. 60
PassageFour Sportsandgamesmakeourbodies strongpreventusfromgettingtoofatandkeepushealthy.Butthesearenot theironlyuse.Theygiveusvaluablepracticeinmakingeyesbrainandmuscles worktogether.Intennisoureyesseetheballcomingjudgeitsspeedand directionandpassthisinformationontothebrain.Thebrainthenhasto decidewhattodoandtosenditsorderstothemusclesofthearmslegsand soonsothattheballismetandhitbackwhereitoughttogo.Allthismust happenwithverygreatspeedandonlythosewhohavehadalotofpracticeat tenniscancarryoutthiscomplicatedchainofeventssuccessfully.Forthose whoworkwiththeirbrainsmostofthedaythepracticeofsuchskillsis especiallyuseful.Sportsandgamesarealsoveryusefulfor character-training.Intheirlessonsatschoolboysandgirlsmaylearnabout suchvirtuesasunselfishnesscouragedisciplineandloveofone’scountry butwhatislearnedinbookscannothavethesamedeepeffectonachild’s characteraswhatislearnedbyexperience.Theordinaryday-schoolcannotgive muchpracticaltraininginlivingbecausemostofthepupils’timeisspentin classesstudyinglessons.Soitiswhatthepupilsdointheirsparetimethat reallypreparesthemtotaketheirplaceinsocietyascitizenswhentheygrow up.Ifeachofthemlearnstoworkforhisteamandnotforhimselfonthe footballfieldhewilllaterfinditnaturaltoworkforthegoodofhis countryinsteadofonlyforhisownbenefit.Accordingtotheauthorachild’scharactercanbemostdeeplyinfluencedby______.
Letmegiveyou______.
Ipreferthisgame______thatone.
PassageFive Thefirstautomobilewasinventedmore thantwohundredyearsago.Itusedsteamforpowerandhadwoodenwheels.The firstautomobilemayhavebeensimpleandprimitivebutitwasanextremely importantinvention.Theautomobiletodayistheprimarymeansofland transportation.Ithasproducedmorechangesinourdailylifethananyother machines.Almostallgasolineenginesworkinthesameway—with fourmovementsorstrokesofapistoninacylinder.Thefirststrokepulls thefuelmixturegasolineandairintothecylinder.Thesecondstroke compressesthefuelmixture.Asparkplugproducesasparkthatignitesthefuel mixtureandcausesthethirdstroke.Thefinalstrokeremovesanywastegases whichmightremaininthecylinder.Theprecedingparagraph explainswhathappensinsidethecylindertomakethepistonmove.Whenthe pistonispusheddownbytheexplosioninthethirdstrokeitpushesthe connectingrod.Thisrodrotatesthecrankshaft.Thecrankshaftisconnectedto otherpartswhichturnthewheels.Mostcarstodayhavefoursixoreight cylinders.Goodtitleforthisselectionis______.
Thefirsttruepieceofsportsequipmentthatmaninventedwastheball.InancientEgyptaseverywherepitchingstoneswasafavoritechildren’sgame.Butabadlythrownrockcouldhurtachild.LookingforsomethinglessdangeroustothrowtheEgyptiansmadewhatwereprobablythefirstballs.Atfirstballsweremadeofgrassorleavesheldtogetherbyvines.Latertheyweremadeofpieceofanimalskinsewedtogetherandstuffedwithfeathersorhay.EventhoughtheEgyptianswerewarliketheyfoundtimeforpeacefulgames.Beforelongtheyhaddevelopedanumberofballgameseachwithitsownsetofrules.Perhapstheyplayedballmoreforinstructionthanforfun.Ballplayingwasthoughtofmainlyasawaytoteachyoungmenthespeedandskilltheywouldneedforwar. ThisselectionsaysthattheEgyptiansplayed
PassageFive Thefirstautomobilewasinventedmore thantwohundredyearsago.Itusedsteamforpowerandhadwoodenwheels.The firstautomobilemayhavebeensimpleandprimitivebutitwasanextremely importantinvention.Theautomobiletodayistheprimarymeansofland transportation.Ithasproducedmorechangesinourdailylifethananyother machines.Almostallgasolineenginesworkinthesameway—with fourmovementsorstrokesofapistoninacylinder.Thefirststrokepulls thefuelmixturegasolineandairintothecylinder.Thesecondstroke compressesthefuelmixture.Asparkplugproducesasparkthatignitesthefuel mixtureandcausesthethirdstroke.Thefinalstrokeremovesanywastegases whichmightremaininthecylinder.Theprecedingparagraph explainswhathappensinsidethecylindertomakethepistonmove.Whenthe pistonispusheddownbytheexplosioninthethirdstrokeitpushesthe connectingrod.Thisrodrotatesthecrankshaft.Thecrankshaftisconnectedto otherpartswhichturnthewheels.Mostcarstodayhavefoursixoreight cylinders.Fuelentersthecylinderinthe______.
IsawMaryinthelibraryyesterday.You______hersheisstillinhospital.
Whatalovelyday______
A．station B．question C．attention D．condition
Twoorthreetimesaweekshehadacustomerin21shebegantotakeaninterest.Hewasamiddle-agedman22spectaclesandabrownbeard.HespokeEnglishwithastrongGermanaccent.Hisclotheswerewornandwrinkledbuthelookedneatandhadverygoodmanners.Healwaysboughttwo23ofstalebread.Heneveraskedforanything24stalebread;itcostalotlessthan25bread.OnceMissAlbertnoticedaredandbrownstainonhisfinger.Shewassurethathewasanartistandverypoor.Nodoubthelivedinanatticwherehe26picturesandatestalebreadandthoughtofgoodthingstoeatinthebakery.OftenwhenMissAlbertsatdowntohereveningmealshe27sighandwishtheartistmightshareherfoodinsteadofeatinghisdrybread.Onedaythecustomercamein28usualandaskedforhisstalebread.AsthesuddennoiseofthefireenginemadehimhurrytothedoorMissAlbert29heropportunity.Shecuteachoftheloaveswithaknifeinsertedsomebutterandwhenthecustomerturnedroundshewasputtingthem30apaperbag. 23
She______intotearswhensheheardfromthehospitalthatherfatherdied.
A．banana B．cabbage C．factory D．package
A.Noonelikestogotothecinema.B.Ilikehimverymuch. C.TheheroisplayedbyLeo.D.That’dbeverykindofyou. E.It’sanewoneIsupposeF.Hereisyourseat. G.Comeon!H.Butsomethingiswrongwithmycar. Bruce:WouldyouliketoseethemovieTatanicPenny Penny:56Isitanygood Bruce:Ihearit’sverygood.57 Penny:Ohterrific!Leoismyfavorite.58 Bruce:IhearitisonattheSupermanCinematonight.Whydon’twegotoseeittogether Penny:Okay.59 Bruce:Don’tworry.I’llgiveyouarideatyourofficeat6. Penny:60 Bruce:Seeyouthen Penny:Bye. 56
Mary'sdresscost______Alice's.
PassageThreeSomepeopledonotlikeanythingtobeoutofplace;theyareneverlateforwork;theyreturntheirbooksontimetothelibrary;theyrememberpeople’sbirthdays;andtheypaytheirbillsassoonastheyarrive.Mr.Hillissuchaman.Mr.Hillworksinabankandlivesalone.Theonlyfamilyhehasisinthenexttown:hissisterlivestherewithherhusbandandhersonJack.Mr.HilldoesnotseehissisterorherfamilyfromoneyeartothenextbuthesendsthemChristmascardsandhehasnotforgottenoneofJack’sseventeenbirthdays.LastweekMr.Hillhadquiteasurprise.Hedrovehomefromthebankattheusualtimedrivingneithertooslowlynortoofast;heparkedhiscarwherehealwaysparkeditoutofthewayofothercarsandhewentinsidetomakehiseveningmeal.Justthentherewasaknockatthedoor.Heopenedthedoortofindapolicemanstandingonthedoor-step."WhathaveIdonewrong"Mr.Hillaskedhimself."HaveIdrivenonthewrongsideoftheroadHastherebeensometroubleatthebankHaveIforgottentopayanimportantbill""HelloUncle"saidthepoliceman"MynameisJack." Mr.Hill
A．father B．those C．without D．thing
Thefirsttruepieceofsportsequipmentthatmaninventedwastheball.InancientEgyptaseverywherepitchingstoneswasafavoritechildren’sgame.Butabadlythrownrockcouldhurtachild.LookingforsomethinglessdangeroustothrowtheEgyptiansmadewhatwereprobablythefirstballs.Atfirstballsweremadeofgrassorleavesheldtogetherbyvines.Latertheyweremadeofpieceofanimalskinsewedtogetherandstuffedwithfeathersorhay.EventhoughtheEgyptianswerewarliketheyfoundtimeforpeacefulgames.Beforelongtheyhaddevelopedanumberofballgameseachwithitsownsetofrules.Perhapstheyplayedballmoreforinstructionthanforfun.Ballplayingwasthoughtofmainlyasawaytoteachyoungmenthespeedandskilltheywouldneedforwar. Theballwasprobablyinventedbecause
Twoorthreetimesaweekshehadacustomerin21shebegantotakeaninterest.Hewasamiddle-agedman22spectaclesandabrownbeard.HespokeEnglishwithastrongGermanaccent.Hisclotheswerewornandwrinkledbuthelookedneatandhadverygoodmanners.Healwaysboughttwo23ofstalebread.Heneveraskedforanything24stalebread;itcostalotlessthan25bread.OnceMissAlbertnoticedaredandbrownstainonhisfinger.Shewassurethathewasanartistandverypoor.Nodoubthelivedinanatticwherehe26picturesandatestalebreadandthoughtofgoodthingstoeatinthebakery.OftenwhenMissAlbertsatdowntohereveningmealshe27sighandwishtheartistmightshareherfoodinsteadofeatinghisdrybread.Onedaythecustomercamein28usualandaskedforhisstalebread.AsthesuddennoiseofthefireenginemadehimhurrytothedoorMissAlbert29heropportunity.Shecuteachoftheloaveswithaknifeinsertedsomebutterandwhenthecustomerturnedroundshewasputtingthem30apaperbag. 21
PassageFour Sportsandgamesmakeourbodies strongpreventusfromgettingtoofatandkeepushealthy.Butthesearenot theironlyuse.Theygiveusvaluablepracticeinmakingeyesbrainandmuscles worktogether.Intennisoureyesseetheballcomingjudgeitsspeedand directionandpassthisinformationontothebrain.Thebrainthenhasto decidewhattodoandtosenditsorderstothemusclesofthearmslegsand soonsothattheballismetandhitbackwhereitoughttogo.Allthismust happenwithverygreatspeedandonlythosewhohavehadalotofpracticeat tenniscancarryoutthiscomplicatedchainofeventssuccessfully.Forthose whoworkwiththeirbrainsmostofthedaythepracticeofsuchskillsis especiallyuseful.Sportsandgamesarealsoveryusefulfor character-training.Intheirlessonsatschoolboysandgirlsmaylearnabout suchvirtuesasunselfishnesscouragedisciplineandloveofone’scountry butwhatislearnedinbookscannothavethesamedeepeffectonachild’s characteraswhatislearnedbyexperience.Theordinaryday-schoolcannotgive muchpracticaltraininginlivingbecausemostofthepupils’timeisspentin classesstudyinglessons.Soitiswhatthepupilsdointheirsparetimethat reallypreparesthemtotaketheirplaceinsocietyascitizenswhentheygrow up.Ifeachofthemlearnstoworkforhisteamandnotforhimselfonthe footballfieldhewilllaterfinditnaturaltoworkforthegoodofhis countryinsteadofonlyforhisownbenefit.Whenweplaytenniswehaveto______.
Shetriedhard______shewasunsuccessful.
A.Noonelikestogotothecinema.B.Ilikehimverymuch. C.TheheroisplayedbyLeo.D.That’dbeverykindofyou. E.It’sanewoneIsupposeF.Hereisyourseat. G.Comeon!H.Butsomethingiswrongwithmycar. Bruce:WouldyouliketoseethemovieTatanicPenny Penny:56Isitanygood Bruce:Ihearit’sverygood.57 Penny:Ohterrific!Leoismyfavorite.58 Bruce:IhearitisonattheSupermanCinematonight.Whydon’twegotoseeittogether Penny:Okay.59 Bruce:Don’tworry.I’llgiveyouarideatyourofficeat6. Penny:60 Bruce:Seeyouthen Penny:Bye. 58
Twoorthreetimesaweekshehadacustomerin21shebegantotakeaninterest.Hewasamiddle-agedman22spectaclesandabrownbeard.HespokeEnglishwithastrongGermanaccent.Hisclotheswerewornandwrinkledbuthelookedneatandhadverygoodmanners.Healwaysboughttwo23ofstalebread.Heneveraskedforanything24stalebread;itcostalotlessthan25bread.OnceMissAlbertnoticedaredandbrownstainonhisfinger.Shewassurethathewasanartistandverypoor.Nodoubthelivedinanatticwherehe26picturesandatestalebreadandthoughtofgoodthingstoeatinthebakery.OftenwhenMissAlbertsatdowntohereveningmealshe27sighandwishtheartistmightshareherfoodinsteadofeatinghisdrybread.Onedaythecustomercamein28usualandaskedforhisstalebread.AsthesuddennoiseofthefireenginemadehimhurrytothedoorMissAlbert29heropportunity.Shecuteachoftheloaveswithaknifeinsertedsomebutterandwhenthecustomerturnedroundshewasputtingthem30apaperbag. 27
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