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Over time, the custom of kissing developed as a way for adults to express their love and affection f...
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WhenonelooksbackuponthefifteenhundredyearsthatarethelifespanoftheEnglishlanguageheshouldbeabletonoticeanumberofsignificanttruths.Thehistoryofourlanguagehasalwaysbeenahistoryofconstantchange—attimesaslowalmostimperceptiblechangeatothertimesaviolentcollisionbetweentwolanguages.OurlanguagehasalwaysbeenalivinggrowingorganismithasneverbeenstatiC.Anothersignificanttruththatemergesfromsuchastudyisthatlanguageatalltimeshasbeenthepossessionnotofoneclassorgroupbutofmany.Atoneextremeithasbeenthepropertyofthecommonignorantfolkwhohaveuseditinthedailybusinessoftheirlivingmuchastheyhaveusedtheiranimalsorthekitchenpotsandpans.Attheotherextremeithasbeenthetreasureofthosewhohaverespecteditasaninstrumentandasignofcivilizationandwhohavestruggledbywritingitdowntogiveitsomepermanenceorderdignityandifpossiblealittlebeauty.Asweconsiderourchanginglanguageweshouldnoteheretwodevelopmentsthatareofspecialandimmediateimportancetous.OneisthatsincethetimeoftheAnglo-SaxonstherehasbeenanalmostcompletereversalofthedifferentdevicesforshowingtherelationshipofwordsinasentencE.Anglo-SaxonoldEnglishwasalanguageofmanyinflections.ModernEnglishhasfewinflections.Wemustnowdependlargelyonwordorderandfunctionwordstoconveythemeaningsthattheolderlanguagedidbymeansofchangesintheformsofwords.Functionwordsyoushouldunderstandarewordssuchasprepositionsconjunctionsandafewothersthatareusedprimarilytoshowrelationshipsamongotherwords.A.fewinflectionshoweverhavesurviveD.AndwhensomewordinflectionscomeintoconflictwithwordordertheremaybetroublefortheusersofthelanguageasweshallseelaterwhenweturnourattentiontosuchmatersasWHOorWHOMandMEorI.Thesecondfactwemustconsideristhataslanguageitselfchangesourattitudestowardlanguageformschangealso.Theeighteenthcenturyforexampleproducedfromvarioussourcesatendencytofixthelanguageintopatternsnotalwayssetinandgrewuntilatthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofthewaysinwhichpeoplespeakandwritE.1.Incontrasttotheearlierlinguistsatpresentmoreandmoreattentionispaidto_________.A.thestandardizationofthelanguageB.languagepracticesintermsofcurrentspeechratherthanstandardsorproperpatternsC.theimprovementofthelanguagethanitshistoryD.therulesofthelanguageusage2.Fromthestudyweknowthatlanguageis________.A.apossessionofupperclass.B.apossessionoflowerclass.C.apossessionofthewholesociety.D.theonlypropertyofthosewhotreasureitmuch.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Itisgenerallybelievedthattheyear1500canbesetasthebeginningoftheModernEnglish.B.SomeotherlanguageshadgreatinfluenceontheEnglishlanguageinitsdevelopment.C.TheEnglishlanguagehasbeenandstillinastateofrelativelyconstantchangE.D.ManyclassesorgroupshavecontributedtothedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguagE.4.Theauthoroftheseparagraphsisprobablyaan_________.A.writerspeciallyinterestedinEnglishB.personwhopaysmuchattentiontopeopleoflowerclasssC.teacherwhoteachestheEnglishlanguageD.expertinstudyinglanguages5.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestusedasthetitleofthepassage?A.ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagE.B.OurchangingattitudetowardstheEnglishlanguagE.C.OurchanginglanguagE.D.SomecharacteristicsofmodernEnglish.
第二部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AWhenIwasstillastudentIfoundithardtogetbackontrackwithschoolaftertheholidaybreakendeD.FortunatelyIcouldalsomakeupforlatehomework.ButasaworkingprofessionalInolongerhavethatluxury—anydelayormistakesinmyworkcausedbyaholidayhangovermayendupbeingcostly.Thegoodnewsisthatwithasimplestrategyinplaceitwon’ttakemuchefforttoreturntoyournormalproductivitylevel.Planyourpost-holidayworkscheduleevenbeforetheholidaybegins.ThisistheprimaryreasonwhyIeasilygotbacktomyregularworkloaD.AssoonastheholidaywasoverallIhadtodowaslookatthescheduleIpreparedtwoweeksearliertoseewhatIneededtodo.WithoutitIwouldhaveprobablyspentadayortworegrouping.Ihavetoadmitthatit’swisetoworkalittleduringtheholidays.Ifyoufeelthat’sbeingtoomuchofakilljoychoosetoworkonlighttasks—perhapscheckingyourmailorbrainstorming.Thepointistoavoidworkbeingoverwhelmingaftertheholidays.Itdoesn’tmeanyou’llgetupinthemiddleofafamilygatheringandstarttypingawayinyourlaptop.Makeyourselfpartofthefestivitiesonlygetsomeworkdoneduringtimeswhenlessishappening.Stickwithyournormalbodyclock.Manypeoplefeeltiredpost-holidaysbecausetheirbodyclockshaveadjustedtoalaterwaking-uptimE.Ifthishashappenedtoyoumakesuretotryandresetyourbodyclockbacktosuityouridealsleepinghoursbeforetheregularworkweekstarts.It’simportanttorelax.Iknowsomepeoplewhoactuallyspendtheholidaysbeingcompletelystressedoutpreparinggiftsandcelebrations.Theironyistheydon’tendupenjoyingtheirsupposedvacationtimefromwork.Avoidfallingintothattrapandcatchuponyoursleep.56.Howmanytipsdoestheauthormentioninthispassage?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.57.What’sthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A.Dosomelightworkwhileyouenjoyyourholidays.B.Toomuchworkduringtheholidaysisakilljoy.C.Makeyourselfpartofthefestivities.D.Don’tforgetyourmailduringyourholidays.58.Accordingtothepassagesomepeoplefeeltiredaftertheholidaybecausethey.A.worktoomuchduringtheholidaysB.disturbtheirnormalbodyclockC.don’thaveenoughsleepduringtheholidaysD.alwayshavemoreworktodothanusual59.Wemaylearnfromthepassagethat.A.theauthorisastudentonhisholidayB.theauthoralwaysruinshisworkafter-holidayC.it’simportanttopre-plantheworkscheduleD.holidaysareusuallybadforregularwork60.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.PlanYourHolidaysWiselyB.WorkHardafterYourHolidaysC.After-holidayWorkIsOverwhelmingD.HowtoAvoidAfter-holidayTiredness
BWhatshouldyouthinkaboutwhentryingtofindyourcareer?Youareprobablybetteratsomeschoolsubjectsthanothers.Thesemayshowstrengthsthatyoucanuseinyourwork.A.boywhoisgoodatmathematicscanusethatinanengineeringcareer.A.girlwhospellswellandlikesEnglishmaybegoodatofficework.Soitisimportanttoknowthesubjectsyoudowellinatschool.OntheotherhandyoumaynothaveanyspeciallystrongsubjectsbutyourrecordsshowageneralsatisfactorystandarD.AlthoughnotallsubjectscanbeuseddirectlyinajobtheymayhaveindirectvaluE.A.knowledgeofhistoryisnotrequiredformostjobsbutifhistoryisoneofyourgoodsubjectsyouwillhavelearnedtorememberfactsanddetails.Thisisanabilitythatcanbeusefulinmanyjobs.Yourschoolmayhavetaughtyouskillssuchastypingortechnicaldrawingwhichyoucanuseinyourwork.Youmaybegoodatmetalworkorcookeryandlookforajobwhereyoucanimprovetheseskills.Ifyouhavehadapart-timejobonSaturdaysorinthesummerthinkwhatyougainedfromit.Ifnothingelseyoumayhavelearnedhowtogettoworkontimetofollowinstructionsandtogetonwitholderworkers.YoumayhavelearnedtogivecorrectchangeinashopforexamplE.Justasimportantyoumaybecomeinterestedinaparticularindustryorcareeryouseefromtheinsideinapart-timejoB.Facingyourweakpointsisalsopartofknowingyourself.Youmaybeallthumbswhenyouhandletools;perhapsyouareapoorspellerorcannotaddupacolumnoffigures.Itisbettertofaceanyweaknessthantopretendtheydonotexist.YourschoolrecordforinstancemaynotbetoogoodyetitisanimportantpartofyourbackgrounD.Youshouldnotbeapologeticaboutitbutinsteadrecognizethatyouwillhaveachanceofafreshstartatwork.46.Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat________.A.learningbetteratschoolshowspowerinyourjobB.thebetteryouareatschoolsubjectsthemorehelpfultheyareinyourcareer.C.learningeachsubjectwellisanabilityinmanyjobs.D.weshouldthinkabouthowtofindourcareer47.Fromthepassagewelearnthatifastudent’sschoolperformanceisnotgoodhewill_____.A.havenohopeinhisfutureworkB.behopefultofindasuitablejobC.regretnothavingworkedharderatschoolD.haveanopportunityofanewbeginninginhisfuturework48.Allthesubjectsmayhavedirectvalueforjobhuntingexcept_________.A.mathematicsB.EnglishC.historyD.technicaldrawing49.TheunderlinedphrasebeallthumbsinParagraph3probablymeans_________.A.heavy-handedB.thebestC.importantD.skilled50.Thepassagemainlydiscusses___________.A.TherelationshipbetweenschoolperformanceandcareerB.howtogetajobC.HowtoshowstrengthsinyourworkD.workingexperienceandknowledgeatschool
Manyteenagersfeelthatthemostimportantpeopleintheirlivesaretheirfriends.Theybelievethattheirfamilymembersdon’tknowthemaswellastheirfriendsdo.Inlargefamiliesitisquiteoftenforbrothersandsisterstofightwitheachotherandthentheygototheirfriendsforsomeideas.Itisveryimportantforteenagerstohaveonegoodfriendoragroupoffriends.EvenwhentheyarenotwiththeirfriendstheyusuallyspendalotoftimetalkingamongthemselvesonthephonE.Thiscommunication交际isveryimportantinchildren’sgrowingupbecausefriendscantalkaboutsomethingandthesethingsaredifficulttosaytotheirfamilymembers.Howeverparentsoftentrytochoosefriendsfortheirchildren.Someparentsmayevenstoptheirchildrenfrommeetingtheirgoodfriends.Haveyoueverthoughtofthefollowingquestions?Whochoosesyourfriends?Doyouchooseyourfriendsoryourfriendschooseyou?Haveyougotafriendyourparentsdon’tlike?YouranswersarewelcomE.51.Manyteenagersthinkthat________canunderstandthembetter.A.friendsB.brothersC.sistersD.parents52.Whenteenagershavesomethingdifficulttosaytotheirparentstheyusually_________.A.stayaloneathomeB.fightwiththeirparentsC.talkaboutitwiththeirfriendsD.gototheirbrothersandsistersforhelp.53.TheunderlinedsentenceYouranswersarewelcomE.means________.A.Youarewelcometodiscussthequestionswithus.B.We’vegotnoideasoyouranswersarewelcomE.C.Youranswersarealwaysright.D.Youcangiveusalltherightanswers.54.Whichofthefollowingisthewriter’sattitude态度?A.Parentsshouldchoosefriendsfortheirchildren.B.ChildrenshouldchooseeverythingtheylikE.C.Parentsshouldunderstandtheirchildrenbetter.D.Teenagersshouldonlygototheirparentsforhelp.55.WhichofthefollowingisWRONG?A.Brothersandsistersoftenfightwitheachother.B.Itisimportantforteenagerstohaveoneoragroupofgoodfriends..C.ParentsshouldchoosefriendsfortheirkidsallthetimE.D.Talkingwithfriendsonthephoneisawayofcommunication.
CImagineaworld400yearsagowherechildrenwereusedaschimneysweeps.Thepaywaslowitwasadirtytradeandtherewaslittlerewardforthemenwhodidthejobandevenlessforchildren.Medway’sannualSweepsFestivalrecreatesthejoyandlaughterenjoyedbythechimneysweepsattheirtraditionalholiday:theonetimeoftheyearthesweepscouldleavethesoot烟灰behindandhavesomefun.Thesweeps’holidaywastraditionallyheldon1Mayeachyear.LocallytheyusedtomarktheoccasionbystagingaprocessionthroughthestreetsofRochester.TheirfuncontinuedwiththeJack-in-the-Greenceremonyaseven-footcharacterthattheyusedtowakenatdawnonBlueBellHillChatham.TheJack-in-the-GreenwouldwalkwiththechimneysweepsintheirparadE.WhentheClimbingBoys’Act1868madeitillegaltoemployyoungboystocarryoutthetradethetraditionalprocessiongraduallybegantofadE.ThefinalMaycelebrationwasheldintheearly1900s.ThemoderndayRochesterSweepsFestivalisacolorfulmixofmusicdancingandentertainmentwithmorethan60Morrissidesandentertainerscelebratingthroughoutthethree-dayfestival.Thefestivalwasrevivedin1981bylocalbusinessmanGordonNewtonakeenhistorian.Hedecideditwastimetobringitbackandovertheyearshehashelpeddevelopthefestivalintowhatitistoday—anexcellentperformanceoftraditionalBritain.GordonresearchedtheSweeps’traditionandorganizedasmallparadeinvolvinglocalMorristeams.IntimeMedwayCounciltookoverorganizationofthefestivalbutGordonremainedactivelyinvolveD.Todayheisfestivalproducerandplaysmelodeon簧风琴forseveralMorristeams.DougHudsonisthefestival’smusicdirectorarolehehasheldformanyyears.ThroughGordon’svisionandhardworkDoug’smusicalabilityandthecouncil’shelptheRochesterSweepsFestivalhasbecomethelargestMayDaycelebrationofitskindinthecountry.66.Accordingtothewriterchimneysweeps____________.A.werehighlyrespectedB.werewellrewardedC.ledahardlifeinthepastD.workedingoodconditions67.Medway’sSweepsFestival____________.A.hasbeenorganizedbytheJack-in-the-GreenB.datedbacktotheMaycelebrationintheearly1900sC.isheldtohonorthosechimneysweepseveryotheryearD.hasbecomeatimeforchimneysweepstoenjoythemselves68.Theunderlinedwordreviveinthe4thparagraphmostprobablymeans___________.A.realizeB.reviewC.recreateD.recognize69.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____________.A.thefestivalhasneverbeensupportedbythelocalgovernmentB.ThefestivalisagoodwaytoseeBritishfolkcustomsinactionC.youngstershasbeenforbiddentobechimneysweepssince1981D.themodernfestivallastsfivedayscelebratingthecomingofspring70.Whatisthepassagemainlyconcernedabout?A.SweepsFestivalhistoryB.Medway’straditionalholidaysC.ClimbingBoys’Act1868D.aprocessioninRochester
根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项DuringthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcenturyintheUnitedStatesChristmaswasaverydifferentkindofholidaythanitistoday.Therewasnosetofwayofcelebratingthedaywhichwasnotyetanofficialholiday.71SomeobservedChristmasasanimportantChristianreligiousdayhonoringthebirthofJesus.Otherscelebratedthedaywithpartiesmusicdrinkingandeating.7273.CalvinistChristiansbannedthecelebrationofChristmas.ButgroupssuchasEpiscopaliansandMoravianshonoredthedaywithreligiousservicesandseasonaldecorations.Bymid-centuryChristiangroupsbegantoignoretheirreligiousdiffrencesoverthemeaningofChristmasandhonoredthedayinspecialways.ChristmasbecameanimportanttimeforfamiliestocelebrateathomE.MoreandmoreChristiansAmericansalsobegantofollowtheEuropeantraditionsofChristmastreesandgivinggifts.ChristiansbelievedthatthetreerepresentedJesusandwasalsoasignofnewbeginnings.Germanimmigrantsbroughttheirtradionofputtinglightssweetsandtoysonthebranchesofevergreentreesplacedintheirhomes.ThistraditionofsettingupaChristmastreesoonspreadtomanyAmericanhomes.74AsthesetraditionsincreasedinpopularitythemoderntradeandbusinesslinkedtoChristmasalsogrew.AsChristmasbecamemorepopularsomestatesdeclaredthedayastateholiday.Louisianawasthefirststatetomakethemoveineighteenthirty-seven.75.ItwasnotuntileighteenseventythatPresidentUlyssesGrantmadeChristmasafederalholiday.A.Sodidthepracticeofgivingpeoplepresents.B.ByeighteensixtyfourteenotherstateshadfolloweD.C.Andsomecommunitiesdidnotcelebratethedayatall.D.AmericansseldomgaveeachotherpresentsonChristmasDay.E.ButmanynewAmericanChristmassongsstartedtobecomepopular.F.ReligionplayedabigroleinhowanAmericanmightcelebratetheholiday.G.Communitiesaroundthecountryhonoredthedayindifferentways.
Argentina'sLionelMessihaswontheGoldenBallawardedtotheEuropeanFootballeroftheYearbecomingthesixthBarcelonaplayertotaketheawardandthefirstsinceBrazilianRonaldinhoin2005.Messibeatlastyear'swinnerCristianoRonaldointosecondplacewhileBarcelonamidfielderXaviHernandezfinishedthirdinthepollresultsreleasedbyFranceFootballmagazineearlyTuesday.PraisedbyArgentinagreatDiegoMaradonaashissuccessorMessiwonanunprecedentedtreble三重inSpainlastseasonwithBarcelonaastheCatalansideswepttheChampionsLeaguetheSpanishtitleandtheCopadelRey.The22-year-oldMessithefirstArgentinetowintheworld-famousawardwasthetopscorerinlastyear'sChampionsLeaguewithninegoalsincludinghissuperbheader足球中的头球inthe2-0victoryoverManchesterUnitedinthefinal.Messiwhoscored473ofapossible480pointslargelycontrolledthevotingandwonwitharecord-marginof240points.RealMadridwingerRonaldohad233andXavihad170.HonestlyIknewthatIwasamongthefavoritesbecauseBarcelonahadafruitfulyearin2009MessiwasquotedassayingbythemagazinE.ButIdidn'texpecttowinwithsuchamargin.TheGoldenBallisveryimportanttomE.Alltheplayerswhowonitweregreatplayersandsomegreatplayersneverwonit.BarcelonahadthreeplayersintheTop5withAndresIniestatakingfourthaheadofformerBarcaplayerSamuelEto'o.InanoutstandingseasonMessinetted把踢进网38goalsin51gamesinallcompetitionsoftenleavingdefendersinhiswake在之后withacombinationofspeedextraordinaryabilitiesandhiseffectiveleft-footedstrikE.MessiwholedArgentinatonextyear'sWorldCupinSouthAfricarecentlysignedanewcontractwithBarcelonathrough2016.Messihadagoodstarttothisseason-alreadyscoringninegoals-andputonagreatdisplaytohelphisclubdefeatarchrivalRealMadrid1-0lastSunday.Itwon'tbeeasytoconfirmafterayearliketheonewejustwentthroughMessisaiD.Ihopethenextonewillreachthesamestandards.ButtowintheGoldenBalltwoyearsinarowisnotaneasything.ReadbyGuannyLiu.GuannyLiuisamultimediajournalistattheChinaDailyWebsitE.Whichofthefollowingisthesuitabletitle?A.MessibeatsC.RonaldotowintheEuropeanFootballeroftheYearB.RonaldinhobeatsMessitowintheEuropeanFootballeroftheYearC.MessibeatsXavitowintheEuropeanFootballeroftheYearD.RonaldinhobeatsXavitowintheEuropeanFootballeroftheYearMessihassomeadvantagesoverothersEXCEPT_________.A.arapidspeedB.anewcontractwithBarcelonaC.outstandingabilitiesD.hiseffectiveleft-footedstrikeBysayingButIdidn'texpecttowinwithsuchamargin.Messimeans_____.A.hedidn’tthinkhewonunexpectedlyB.hedidn’twanttowinatallC.hedidn’texpecthewonextraordinarilyD.hecouldn’twaittowinWhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.XaviHernandezfinishedsecondinthepoll.B.MessitreatedMaradonaashissuccessor.C.The22-year-oldMessiwasthefirstEuropeanFootballer.D.MessisaidBarcelonahadafruitfulyearin2009.
CTodaywehaveaworldeconomy.Canadianbusinessesandworkersmustcompetewithbusinessesandworkersinothercountries.EveryyearmoreCanadianfactoriesareclosingormovingTheycannotcompetewithfactoriesincountrieswherewages工资arelow.InthefuturetherewillbefewerjobsforfactoryworkersinCanadA.ManyCanadianbusinessesaretryingtospendlessmoney.Forexampletheyarehiringmorepart-timeworkersandmoretemporary临时的workers.Theyareemployingfewerpermanent永久的full-timeworkers.Moreservicesfewergoods.Canada’seconomyischanging.Businessesaremakingfewergoodsforexample:shoesandradios.ButCanadianbusinessesareprovidingmoreservicestopeoplE.Inthefuturetherewillbemorejobsforpeoplewhoprovideservices.Forexample:salespeoplewaitersandwaitresseshomehealthcareworkersbakersandcooks.Therewillbefewerjobsforotherkindsofworkersforexample:farmersminersfishermenforestryworkersandfactoryworkers.Manynewjobswillbeinsmallbusinesseswith20or30employees.Technologymachinesarechangingthewaypeoplework.Businessareusingmanymachinesforexample:computersandrobots.Businesseswillneedfewerworkers.Andsomejobswilldisappear.Manygrown-upswillhavetogobacktoschoolortrainfornewjobs.WorkerswillnotstayinthesamejobfortheirlifetimE.ThepopulationofCanadaischanging.TodaymanyCanadiansareintheir30sand40s.Theyneedgoodsandservices.Astheygetoldertheywillneeddifferentgoodsandservices.Canadianscomefrommanycultures.Theyhavedifferentcustomsandreligions.EmployersandworkersmustlearntoworkwithmanydifferentpeoplE.44.Worldeconomymeans_________toCanadA.A.closingandmovingB.competitionC.lowwagesD.improvement45.WhichofthefollowingwillbefewerinthefutureinCanada?A.RestaurantsB.ShopsC.DoctorsD.Farmers46.Businesseswillneedfewerworkersbecause_____________.A.theownerscan’taffordthemB.somejobswilldisappearC.machineswilltaketheplaceofworkersinmanywaysD.theworkerswillhavetobetrainedfornewjobs47.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?.A.Manypeoplewhocomefromdifferentcultureswillworktogether.B.AllCanadianshavethesamecultureandreligionC.DifferentcultureswilldogoodtoCanadaD.ManyCanadianswillchangetheirjobsinthefuturE.
Perhapsthemostwonderfulbuildingputupinthe19thcenturywastheCrystalPalace水晶宫whichwasbuiltinHydeParkfortheGreatExhibitionof1851.TheCrystalPalacewasdifferentfromalltheotherbuildingsintheworldforitwasmadeofironandglass.Itwasoneofthebiggestbuildingsofallthetimeandalotofpeoplefrommanycountriescametoseeit.PlentyofgoodsweresenttotheexhibitionfromallpartsoftheworlD.Therewasalsoagreatdealofmachineryonshow.ThoughinthosedaystravelingwasnotaseasyasitistodaysteamboatscarriedthousandsofvisitorsacrosstheChannelfromEuropE.OnarrivinginEnglandtheyweretakentotheCrystalPalacebytrain.Thereweresixmillionvisitorsinallandthemoneyfromtheexhibitionwasusedtobuildmuseumsandcolleges.LatertheCrystalPalacewasmovedtotheSouthLondon.Itremainedoneofthemostfamousbuildingsintheworlduntilitwasburntdownin1936.TheCrystalPalacewasbuiltup_________.A.inthe1950sB.inthe1990sC.shortlybefore1851D.after1851PeoplefrommanycountriescametotheCrystalPalacemainlyto______.A.buygoodsB.visitanexhibitionC.travelD.enjoytheCrystalPalaceitselfWhathappenedtotheCrystalPalacein1936?A.ItcaughtaterriblefirE.B.Itdisappearedsuddenly.C.ItwasmovedawaytothesouthofLondonD.Itwasrebuilt.Thewriter__________.A.thoughttheCrystalPalaceveryusefulB.thoughthighlyoftheCrystalPalacE.C.wantedtheCrystalPalacetoberebuiltD.wasoneofthevisitorswhohadvisitedtheCrystalPalacE.TheCrystalPalacewasfamoustoallbecause__________.A.itwasthebiggestbuildingintheworldthen.B.itwasmadeofironandglass.C.somanyvisitorshadbeentherE.D.itwasburntdownatlast.
EThesmallnumberofnewbornbabieswhichhasbeencausedbyhighpricesandthechangingsocialsituationofwomenisoneofthemostseriousproblemsinAsiA.WhenpeopletalkaboutityoucanhearawordinventedinJapan.DINKSwhichmeansDoubleIncomeNoKids小孩.InmanymajorAsiancitieslikeSeoulSingaporeandTokyothecostofahouseisextremelyhigh.A.youngcouplewhowanttobuytheirownhousemayhavetopayabout$300000thoughpriceshavefallen.Foraflatwithonebedroomonedining-roomakitchenandabathroomthecouplewillpayabout$900amonth.What’smoreiftheywanttohaveachildthechild’seducationisveryexpensivE.Forexamplemostkindergartenchargesareatleast$5.000ayear.Insuchasituationit’sdifficulttoaffordchildren.Thenumberofmarriedwomenwhowanttocontinueworkingincreasesrapidlybecausetheyenjoytheirjobs.Howeveriftheywanttohavechildrentheyimmediatelyhaveseriousproblems.Thoughmostcompaniesallowwomentoleavetheirjobsforashorttimetohaveababytheyexpectwomenwithbabiestogiveuptheirjobs.Inshortiftheywanttobringupchildrenproperlybothparentshavetoworkbutitishardformotherstowork.Indeedwomenwhowanttocontinueworkinghavetochoosebetweenhavingchildrenorkeepingtheirjobs.InawordAsiangovernmentsmusttakestepstoimprovethepresentsituationassoonaspossiblE.57.Whatisthemainproblembeingdiscussedinthepassage?A.Thesmallnumberofnewbornbabies.B.Thechangingsocialsituationofwomen.C.Thehighpricesofhousesandeducation.D.ThenecessarystepsofAsiangovernment.58.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingistrue?A.ItiseasyforacoupletoaffordachildinAsiA.B.ThepricesofhousesinAsiaarequitelownow.C.FewerandfewermarriedwomenwanttohaveajoB.D.ThewordDINKSfirstappearedinanAsiancountry.59.Tobuyaflatandsendachildtokindergartenhowmuchwillacouplepayeachyear?A.$5000B.$5900C.$10800D.$1580060.ThewriterseemstobelievethatAsiangovernmentsshould________.A.careforthegrowingneedsofwomenforjobs.B.allowoneoftheparentstogoouttoworkC.letwomenstayathomeandhaveababyD.punishthecompaniesthatpermitwomentoleavE.
BOneofthemostdifficultquestionstoanswerishowmuchajobisworth.Wenaturallyexpectthatadoctor’ssalarywillbehigherthanabusconductor’swagE.Butthequestionbecomesmuchmoredifficulttoanswerwhenwecomparesayaminerwithanengineeroranunskilledmanworkingonanoil-rig钻油机intheNorthSeawithateacherinasecondaryschool.Whatthedoctortheengineerandteacherhaveismanyyearsoftraininginordertoobtainthenecessaryqualificationsfortheirprofessions.WefeelinstinctivelythattheseskillsandtheseyearswhentheywerestudyinginsteadofearningmoneyshouldberewardeD.Atthesametimewerecognizethattheworkoftheminerandtheoil-riglaborerisbothhardanddangerousandthattheymustbehighlypaidfortheriskstheytakE.Anotherfactorwemusttakeintoconsiderationishowsociallyusefulaman’sworkisregardlessofthetalentshemaybringtoit.Mostpeoplewouldagreethatlookingafterthesickorteachingchildrenismoreimportantthansaysellingsecondhandcarsorimprovingthetasteoftoothpastebyaddingaredstripetoit.Yetitisalmostcertainthattheusedcarsalesmanearnsmorethanthenurseandthatresearchchemistearnsmorethantheschoolteacher.IndeedthiswholequestionofjustrewardscanbeturnedonitsheaD.Youcanarguethatamanwhodoesajobwhichbringshimpersonalsatisfactionisalreadyreceivingpartofhisrewardintheformofaso-calledpsychic精神的wageandthatitisthemanwiththeboringrepetitivejobwhoneedsmoremoneytomakeupforthesoul-destroyingmonotony单调ofhiswork.Itissignificantthatthatthosejobswhicharetraditionallyregardedasvocations---nursingteachingandtheChurchforexample---continuetobepoorlypaidwhileotherssuchasthoseintheworldofsportorentertainmentcarryfinancialrewardsoutofallproportiontotheirsocialworth.AlthoughtheamountofmoneythatpeopleearnisinrealitylargelydeterminedbymarketforcesthisshouldnotpreventusfromseekingsomewaytodecidewhatistherightpayforthejoB.A.startingpointforsuchaninvestigationwouldbetotrytodecidetheratiowhichoughttoexistbetweenthehighestandthelowestpaiD.Thepictureismademorecomplicatebytwofactors:firstlybythesocialwagei.ethewelfarebenefitswhicheverycitizenreceives;andsecondlybythetaxationsystemwhichisoftenusedasaninstrumentofsocialjusticebytaxinghighincomesataveryhighrateindeeD.Allowingforthesetwothingsmostcountriesnowregardaratioof7:1associallyacceptablE.Ifitislessthehighly-qualifiedpeoplecarryingheavyresponsibilitiesbecomedisillusionedandmightevenendupbyemigration移民theso-calledbrain-drainisanevidencethatthiscanhappen.IfitismorethegapbetweenrichandpoorwillbesogreatthatitwillleadsocialtensionsandultimatelytoviolencE.74.Theprofessionalmansuchasthedoctorshouldbewellpaidbecause______.A.hehasspentseveralyearslearninghowtodohisjobB.hisworkinvolvesmuchgreatintelligencethansayabusconductor’sC.hehastoworkmuchharderthanmostotherpeopleD.heknowsmorethanotherpeopleabouthissubject75.Thebrain-drainisanevidencethat______.A.well-educatedpeoplearepreparedtoemigratewhenevertheycangetabetterpaidjobB.peoplewithjobsorresponsibilityexpecttobehighlypaidC.hightaxationisausefulandeffectiveinstrumentofsocialjusticeD.thepooraregenerallymorepatriotic爱国的thantherich76.Asfarasrewardingpeoplefortheirworkisconcernedthewriterbelievesthat______.A.weshouldpayforsocially-usefulworkregardlessoftheperson’stalentB.weshouldpaypeopleaccordingtotheirtalentsC.marketforceswilldeterminehowmuchapersonispaidD.qualifiedpeopleshouldbethehighestpaid77.Theargumentofthepsychicwageisusedtoexplainwhy______.A.peoplewhodosociallyimportantworkarenotalwayswellpaidB.peoplewhodomonotonousjobsarehighlypaidC.youshouldnottrytocomparethepayofdifferentprofessionsD.someprofessionalpeoplearepaidmorethanothers
BDabantownisfamousforgirlsandwindmills风车whileLoulanisamyth神话inthedesert.FromDabanwemovetoanotherancientcityLoulan.TwothousandyearsagobesidethebeautifulandrichLuobuLaketherelayLoulanancientcityontheSilkRoaD.Businessmenfromeverycountrygatheredhereandthereweredancingparties.EverythingshowsthatpeopleinLoulanlivedarichlifethen.HowevertwothousandyearslaterthisrichlandsuddenlydisappearedfromthemapofChinA.Thenitbecameanareacoveredwithsandanddeadtreetrunks.LoulanwasfirstdiscoveredbyaSwedishmanSvenHedinin1900.PeoplefromAmericaBritainJapanandSwedenallsetfootherE.Theninthe1930saChinesenamedHuangWenbicametoLoulanforthefirsttimE.HevisitedandstudiedthisareaandfoundmanyrelicsthatwerebeautifullyandcarefullymadE.ItisrecordedthattheancientcityofLoulanwasthecapitalofLoulanKingdomduringtheHanandJindynasties.InthepastcenturymanythingshavebeendugoutthereincludingHanDynastycoinsmirrorsandmanyothersfromGreeceandRomE.AllthesethingsshowthatalotofbusinessbetweenEastandWestoncetookplacetherE.LyingonthenorthwestoftheLopNurareatheLoulanKingdomisnowalifelessareawithendlessforestsofmounds小丘whicharen’teasilyseeninotherpartsoftheworlD.Itsmystery神秘hasbeenattractingsomanypeoplefromsomanycountries.65.ThefirstpersontosetfootinLoulaninthe20thcenturyis.A.aEuropeanB.anAmericanC.anEnglishmanD.aJapanese66.BeforeLoulandisappeared.A.alotofbusinessbetweenEastandWesthadtakenplacethereB.peoplefromAmericaandJapanhadsetfootthereC.alifelessareawithlotsofmoundscouldeasilybeseenthereD.Africanshadvisitedtheancientcountry67.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.LoulanwasdestroyedbytheterribleweatherthereB.warsbetweendynastiesmadeLoulandisappearC.foreignerscametoLoulananddestroyeditD.howLoulandisappearedisstillunknowntous68.WhatmakessomanypeoplevisitLoulanKingdom?A.ThebeautifulscenerytherE.B.Itsdevelopedbusinessinthepast.C.ItsmysteriousstoriesD.Thoseburiedtreasuresthere
BTheNewYorkTimestheWallStreetJournalFinancialTimesandsomeothernewspapershavepublishedarticlesindicatingthatcyberattackstargetingGoogleandseveralotherU.S.companieswerefromChinA.Suchaccusationsarebiased有偏见的.Thesearticlestakeasevidencethathackers’IPaddressescouldbetracedbacktotwoschoolsinChinA.HoweveritiscommonsensethathackerscanattackbycontrollingcomputersfromanywhereintheworlD.Thisfactalsoexplainswhyhackersarehardtobetrackeddown.ComputersinChinaareeasytobecontrolledbyhackersasthemajorityofChineseInternetuserslacksecurityawarenessandadequateprotectionmeasures.Thehackers’IPaddressescouldbynomeansvindicate证明正确thenewspapers’accusationsthattheattackswerecarriedoutbyChinesecitizensorfromwithinChinA.TheNewYorkTimessaysoneoftheschoolsfromwhichthecyberattacksweresaidtooriginatehasmilitarysupport.Anotherschoolhasreceivedfinancingfromahigh-levelgovernmentscienceandtechnologyproject.TheNewYorkTimeswenttogreatlengthstomentionthatgraduatesofoneoftheschool’scomputersciencedepartmentareemployedbythelocalmilitaryeachyear.ThepaperhoweverdidnotcaretotellitsreadersthataschoolinChinadoesnotneedtohaveanyspecialrelationshipwiththemilitarytohaveitsgraduatesinuniform.ItisalsotrueintheUnitedStateswheretheNewYorkTimesisbaseD.China’sattitudetowardcyberattackshasbeenunequivocalandhasadoptedlawsagainstsuchcrimesasChinaisoneofthecountriesthatsufferfromcyberattacks.TheU.S.governmentontheotherhandtakesanuncertainattitudetowardcyberattacks.AccordingtomediareportstheU.S.HomelandSecurityandDefensedepartmentshavebothopenlyemployedhackers.PeoplewithablackhatperspectiveandknowinghowtodothreatmodelingarethebestchoicessaidPhilipReitingerDepartmentofHomelandSecuritydeputyundersecretaryataninformationsecurityconferencelastOctober.Cybercrimescouldcauseimmenselossestoindividualscompaniesandnations.Effectivesupervision监督andcloserinternationalcooperationarewaystoimprovecybersecurity.Fingerpointingisnot.60.Thepassageisintendedtotellusthat__________.A.IPaddressesareoftenusedasevidencetotrackdownhackersB.it’snotnecessaryforschoolsinChinatocontactthemilitaryC.theU.SgovernmentopenlyemployhackerstodealwithcyberattacksD.theaccusationsofcyberattacksagainstChinaareunreasonableandirresponsible61.TheunderlinedwordunequivocalinParagraph7means__________.A.clearB.negativeC.supportiveD.vague62.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat__________.A.internationalcooperationandfingerpointingarecalledfortoensurecybersafetyB.peopleskilledatdoingthreatmodelingdon’thavesecurityawarenessC.somehackersworkfortheU.S.HomelandSecurityandDefensedepartmentsD.hackersaredifficulttocatchbecausetheycancauselotsoflossestopeople63.Thepassageisorganizedby__________.A.raisingquestionsandanalyzingfiguresB.makingdescriptionsandgivingexplanationsC.presentingopinionsandprovidingargumentsD.givingdefinitionsandexplainingdetails
BDon'tbelieveallofthestereotypes模式化的形象youmayhaveheardaboutAmericans.Eventheonesthataretrueingeneralmaynotbetrueaboutspecificindividualsoralargepartofthepopulation.ForexamplealthoughAmericanstendtobelouderthanpeoplefromotherculturesespeciallyatathleticeventsmanyofthepeopleyoumeetwillbequietandpolitE.Somepeoplemaybeintolerantbutmostwillbepleasantandwelcoming.RememberthatAmericanfilmsandtelevisionexaggerate夸张inordertogenerateexcitementandsopresentaratherfalsepictureofwhat1ifeintheUnitedStatesisreallylikE.ThereforetouristsintheUSarenotalwaysontheirbestbehavior.Americansdotendtobemoreinformalthanpeoplefromothercountries.ItiscommonforAmericanstowearcasualclothingtoschoolandtogreetprofessorsbyfirstnamE.HowevergoodmannersandpolitenessarealwaysappreciateD.IfyouarepoliteanddressalittlemoreformallythanyourAmericanfriendsitwillnotbepoorlythoughtof.Howeversomebusinessesrequiretheiremployeestowearauniformorasuit.ItwouldbeimpropertowearaT-shirtandbluejeanstoajobinterview.SomeofthemoreprestigiousrestaurantsrequireacoatandtiE.Americanstendtodressupforculturaleventstheoperatheaterandballetandtodressdownforathleticevents.Formalwearisrequiredatweddingsandfuneralsoranyothereventwithreligiousevent.Ifyourelyonthestereotypesyouwilllikelyputyourselfintoanembarrassingsituation60.Theunderlinedsentenceprobablymeans__________.A.SomeofthestereotypesyoumayhaveheardaboutAmericansarenottrueB.YoushouldnotbelievethestereotypesyoumayhaveheardaboutAmericansC.NoneofthestereotypesyoumayhaveheardaboutAmericansshouldbebelievedD.NoneofthestereotypesyoumayhaveheardaboutAmericansshouldnotbebelieved61.Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor____________.A.BusinessmenB.visitorstoAmericaC.AmericanstudentsD.Americanfilm--makers62.Thesecondparagraphsuggeststhat__________.A.mostAmericansarepoliteB.peoplewhoarepolitearewelcomeC.casualclothingmakesothersuncomfortableD.Americanstudentsareimpolitetotheirteachers63.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.AmericanfilmsaremostlypoorcomediesB.itisgoodmannerstowearbluejeanstoaweddingC.AmericansusuallywearformalclothesinatheaterD.todressformallymakesothersfeelyouarenoteasytogetonwith
BSYDNEY:Astheysatsharingsweetsbesideaswimmingpoolin1999.ShaneGouldandJessicahSchipperweresimplygettingalongwellchattingaboutsportlifeandanythingelsethatcameup.YetinSydneynextmonththeywillmeetagainbythepoolandforashorttimethefriendswillraceagainsteachotherinthe50–meterbutterflyintheAustralianchampionshipsatHomebuBay.Gouldnowa47–year–oldmotheroffourhasannouncedshewillbemakingareturntoelitecompetition顶级赛事toswimtheoneeventhavingsetaqualifying合格的timeof30.32secondsinwinninggoldatlastyear’sUnitedStatesMasterschampionships.Hercomebackcomes32yearsaftershewonthreegoldsattheMunichOlympics.Schippernowa17–year–oldgirlfromBrisbanewithabrightfutureofgoingtoAthensforherfirstOlympicsyesterdayrecalled回忆hertimewithGouldfiveyearsago.IwasatanationalyouthcampontheGoldCoastandShanehadcomealongtotalktousandwatchustrain.SchipperexplaineD.Itseemedasifwehadlongbeengoodfriends.Idon’tknowwhy.WejuststartedtalkinganditwentfromtherE.Shehadalottosharewithallofusatthatcamp.SheoldusstoriesaboutwhatitwaslikeatbigmeetslikeOlympicsandwhatitwasliketobeonanAustralianteam.Itwasreallyinteresting.Nexttimethingswillbemoreserious:Iwillstillbeswimminginthe50mbutterflyatthenationalssothereisachancethatIcouldactuallybecompetingagainstShaneGoulD.saidSchipperwhoburstontothesceneatlastyear’snationalchampionshipswithsecondplacesinthe100mand200butterfly.46.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Storieshappeninginswimmingcompetitions.B.TwowomenswimmerswinningOlympicgolds.C.Lessonslearnedfrominternationalswimmingchampionships.D.Friendshipandcompetitionbetweentwoswimmers.47.GouldandSchipperaregoingto____________.A.talkaboutsportandlifeB.gobacktoelitecompetitionC.setaqualifyingtimeandwingoldD.takepartinthesamesportsevent48.GouldwonherthreeOlympicgoldswhenshewas____________.A.15B.17C.22D.3049.Theunderlinedworditinthefifthparagraphprobablyrefersto.A.theOlympicsB.theyouthcampC.thefriendshipD.theAustralianteam50.WhatSchippersaidshowedthatshe___________.A.wasnolongerGould’sfriendB.hadlearnedalotfromGouldC.wasnotinterestedinGould’sstoriesD.wouldnotliketocompeteagainstGould
EMusicdiedherelastspringorratheritwaskilledbymembersoftheschoolcommitteewhoignoredtheimportanceofmusicanddramaaspartofthehigh-schoolcurriculum.Thecommitteedecidedthatteachingstudentshowtotakeastandardizedtestismoreimportantthanacurriculuminwhichstudentscanexploretheirinterestsintheartsaswellasacademics.Becausetheschoolsystemisrunningoutoffundingitneedstomakesurethatstudentspassthemasterytestorevenmoremoneywillbelost.Ifstudentsfailthestatestandardizedtestitisnotthefaultofdramaandmusicclasses–theyarefailingbecausetheacademicclassesarenotsufficient.ItispainfultothinkofhowmanystudentswillbediscouragedfromsingingactingandplayinginstrumentsbecauseschoolprogramsarenolongeroffereD.Manyfamiliescannotaffordprivatemusiclessonsandmanypotentialmusiciansandartistsmaynotfindtheircallingiftheyarenotexposedtoitinschool.ThefactthattheschoolcommitteethinkstheartsarenotworththeinvestmentwillcertainlymakesomestudentsbelievetheartsarenotworththeirtimeorsupportandthecyclewillcontinuE.Teachingforatestdoesnotshapestudentsintocompletewell-roundedpeoplE.Itblocksthenaturalsensetocreateandexpressfeelingsthroughart–thereismoretolifethantheanalyticalthinkingthatmathandEnglishprovidE.Whathappensafteratest?Sureastudentmightgraduatebuttheywillhavelimitedknowledge–certainlynotagoodpreparationfortherealworlD.72.Musicanddramaarenotincludedinthehigh-schoolcurriculummainlybecause________.A.theschoolcommitteepaysnoattentiontothemB.theschoolisafraidoflosingfinancialsupportC.thestudentsarenotinterestedinbothofthemD.thestatestandardizedtestismoreimportant73.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thesufficiencyoftheclassesdeterminesstudents’performanceinthemasterytestB.Quiteafewstudentsarediscouragedfrommusicandartintoday’sschoolsystemC.StudentscanbemusiciansandartistsonlyiftheycanaffordprivatemusiclessonsD.Theschoolcommitteecompletelyinfluencesstudents’attitudetowardsthearts74.Wecanlearnthatmusicandartcan______.A.motivatestudentsincreativityandexpressionB.makestudentsround-shapedpeopleinfutureC.providestudentswithanalyticalthinkingD.preventstudentsgraduatingfromhighschool75.Thebesttitleofthepassagecanbe______.A.WhoKilledMusicandDrama?B.CanCurriculumGoWithoutMusic?C.WhyisMusicSoImportant?D.HowToPrepareFortheRealWorld?
FROM1964to1978Dazhaiwithapopulationof500wasthemostfamousvillageinChinA.MillionsofChinesecametotheShanxivillagetovisititsterracedfields梯田andsplendidirrigationsystems.Itwasnotuntil1978whenGuoFenglianheadofthevillagepaidavisittotheUSthatChina'smodelvillagefoundhowfarithadfallenbehindthoseindevelopedcountries.IwasastonishedattheirmodernequipmentinharvestingwhichcouldevenseparatebigtomatoeswithsmallonessaidGuo.Americanfarmers'lifequalityalsoimpressedmealot.Everydaytheyhadtwocupsofmilkwhichissomethingwedon'thaveeveninourwildestdreams.WehavetolearntheiradvancedtechnologyandadministrationforourowndevelopmentsaidthenfirstDeputyPrimeMinisterDengXiaopingwhowasplanningChina'sreformandopeninguppolicythen.Throughopeningourdoorswewouldnotonlytakeadvantageofforeignfunds资金butalsocreatejobopportunitiesandcultivate培养talents.In1978JapaneseelectricitygiantPanasonic松下cametoChinaasthefirstforeignbusinesstoinvest投资hereanditssuccessattractedotherworldbrandsintoexploringtheChinesemarket.SofarChinahasfor15yearstakenintheworld'ssecondbiggestforeigninvestmentfollowingtheUStohelpsetthecountryinafastgrowth.HoweverChina's30-yearroadofreformwasnotalwayssmooth.Doubtsonthereformbegantoriseattheendofthe1980sasmanypeopleworriedthecountrywouldturntocapitalism资本主义.ThecriterionforourjudgmentiswhetherithelpsdevelopsocialistproductiveforceswhetherithelpsincreasetheoverallnationalstrengthofasocialistcountryandwhetheritbringsaboutbetterlivingstandardssaidDeng.China'sreformandopeningupisauniquesuccessstory.IthasbroughtbenefittobothChinaandtheworldsaidWilliamKellerchiefmanagerofaSwisspharmaceutical制药的company.GuoFenglianwas______atthesightofthemodernequipmentinharvestingwhenshevisitedtheUSin1978.A.shockedB.delightedC.excitedD.attracted______wasthefirstbigcountrytoinvestinChinA.A.AmericaB.JapanC.SwissD.PanasonicManypeoplehavedoubtsaboutthereform________.A.in1978B.in1980C.in1981D.attheendofthe1980sAccordingtoremarksbyDengwhichoneisNOTthecriterionforjudgingthesuccessorfailureofourworkinvariousfields?A.whetherithelpsdevelopsocialistproductiveforces.B.whetheritstrengthenstheoverallcapacityofthecountry.C.whetheritbringsaboutbetterinvestmentandmoreprofit.D.whetheritimprovesthepeopleslivingstandards.
HelloChicago.IfthereisanyoneouttherewhostilldoubtsthatAmericaisaplacewhereallthingsarepossiblewhostillwondersifthedreamofourfoundersisaliveinourtimewhostillquestionsthepowerofourdemocracy民主tonightisyouranswer.IwasneverthelikeliestcandidateforthisofficE.Wedidn’tstartwithmuchmoneyormanyendorsements.OurcampaignwasnothatchedinthehallsofWashington.ItbeganinthebackyardsofDesMoinesandthelivingroomsofConcordandthefrontporchesofCharleston.Itwasbuiltbyworkingmenandwomenwhodugintowhatlittlesavingstheyhadtogive$5and$10and$20tothecausE.Itgrewstrengthfromtheyoungpeoplewhorejectedthemythoftheirgeneration’sapathy冷漠wholefttheirhomesandtheirfamiliesforjobsthatofferedlittlepayandlesssleep.Itdrewstrengthfromthenot-so-youngpeoplewhobravedthebittercoldandscorchingheattoknockondoorsofperfectstrangersandfromthemillionsofAmericanswhovolunteeredandorganizedandprovedthatmorethantwocenturieslateragovernmentofthepeoplebythepeopleandforthepeoplehasnotperished消失fromtheEarth.Thisisyourvictory.AndIknowyoudidn’tdothisjusttowinanelection.AndIknowyoudidn’tdoitformE.YoudiditbecauseyouunderstandtheenormityofthetaskthatliesaheaD.Forevenaswecelebratetonightweknowthechallengesthattomorrowwillbringarethegreatestofourlifetime—twowarsaplanetinperil危亡theworstfinancialcrisisinacentury.EvenaswestandheretonightweknowtherearebraveAmericanswakingupinthedesertsofIraqandthemountainsofAfghanistantorisktheirlivesforus.Theroadaheadwillbelong.Ourclimbwillbesteep.Wemaynotgetthereinoneyearoreveninoneterm.ButAmericaIhaveneverbeenmorehopefulthanIamtonightthatwewillgettherE.IpromiseyouweasapeoplewillgettherE.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfromaan_______.A.reportB.lectureC.speechD.announcementWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thespeakerhaswonanelectioncampaignwhichisquiteimportantforhim.B.Thespeakerfeelstheyareunlikelytomaketheirancestors’dreamcometruE.C.ThespeakerthinksAmericaisanationthatlacksdemocracy.D.Thespeaker’scampaignwaslaunchedinthenation’scapital.Thepurposeofthespeakeristodothefollowingexcept______.A.expressingthankstohissupportersB.discussingthechallengesthatlieaheadC.urgingAmericanstouniteforthebrightfutureofthenationD.warningthepeopleagainsttwoterriblewarsinstoreWecanseefromthepassagethatthespeakerisaan_______person.A.unreliableB.determinedC.narrow-mindedD.humorous
第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最佳选项.AYearsofstormshadtakentheirtollontheoldwindmill风车.Itswheelrustedandfallenlaysilentinthelushbluegrass.Ihadn‘twalkedacrossouroldfarminfifteenyears.FifteenyearsagorainorshineIusedtowalkthispatheachdaytoseeGretA.ShealwaysmademesmileevenaftermysisterandIhadjusthadabigquarrel.IwouldhelpGretawithherchores.Thenwewouldenjoyherdelicioushomemadechocolatecookiesandicecream.Beingconfinedtoawheelchairdidn‘tstopGretafrombeingagreatcook.GretagavemetwoofthegreatestgiftsI‘veeverreceiveD.FirstshetaughtmehowtoreaD.ShealsotaughtmethatwhenIforgaveSisterforourquarrelsitmeantIwouldn‘tkeepfeelinglikeavictim受害者.InsteadIwouldfeelsunny.Mr.DinkingthelocalbankertriedtoforecloseonGreta‘shouseandlandafterherhusbandpassedaway.ThankstoPaandUncleJohanGretagottokeepeverything.Pasaidthatitwastheleasthecoulddoforsomeonetalentedenoughtoteachmetoread!SoonfolkswerecomingfrommilesaroundtobuyGreta‘shomemadecakespiesbreadscookiesciderandicecream.GretaevenhadmetakeabigapplepietoMr.Dinkingwhobecameoneofherbestcustomersandfriends.That‘sjustwhatGretawas.Shecouldturnanyoneintoafriend!GretaalwayssaidDearkeepwalkinginsunshine!NomatterhowterriblemydaystartedIalwaysfeltsunnywalkinghomefromGreta‘shouse---evenbeneaththewinterstarlight.IarrivedatGreta‘shousetodayjustaftersunset.Anambulancehadstoppedafewfeetfromherdooritsredlightsflashing.WhenIranintotheoldhouseGretarecognizedmerightaway.Shesmiledatmewithherunforgettabletwinklingblueeyes.Shewasalmostoutofbreathwhenshereachedoutandsoftlytouchedmyarm.HerlastwordstomewereDearkeepwalkinginsunshine!56.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatGretataughtmeB.GretawouldneverdieC.ThepastsunnydaysD.Keepwalkinginsunshine57.WhatcanweknowaboutGretafromthepassage?A.ShewaskindandforgivingB.ShewasrichandgenerousC.ShewasenergeticandconfidenceD.Shewaspracticalandhelpful58.TheauthorusedtogotoseeGretaeverydaymainlybecause_____.A.GretacouldtreattheauthorwithdeliciousfoodB.GretacouldgivetheauthorcomfortC.theauthorcouldlearnhowtoreadfromGretaD.theauthorcouldlearnsomethingvaluablefromGreta59.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.GretalivedahardandlonelylifE.B.GretawaslovedandrespectedbyallthepeopletherE.C.Gretamustbearelativeoftheauthor’sfamily.D.TheauthorhadbeenoutoftouchwithGretaforfifteenyears.
Foryearstherehasbeenabias偏见againstscienceamongclinicalpsychologists临床心理学家.Inatwo-yearanalysistobepublishedinNovemberinPerspectivesonPsychologicalSciencepsychologistsledbyTimothyB.BakeroftheUniversityofWisconsinchargethatmanyclinicalpsychologistsfailtoprovidethetreatmentsforwhichthereisthestrongestevidenceofeffectivenessandgivemoreweighttotheirpersonalexperiencesthantosciencE.AsaresultpatientshavenoguaranteethattheirtreatmentwillbeinformedbysciencE.WalterMischelofColumbiaUniversityisevencruelerinhisjudgment.ThedisconnectbetweenwhatclinicalpsychologistsdoandwhatsciencehasdiscoveredisanextremeembarrassmenthetoldmeandthereisawideninggapbetweenclinicalpracticeandsciencE.Thewideningreflectsthegreatprogressthatpsychologicalresearchhasmadeinidentifying确认themosteffectivetreatments.Thankstostrictclinicaltrialswenowknowthatteachingpatientstothinkabouttheirthoughtsinnewhealthierwaysandtoactonthosenewwaysofthinkingareeffectiveagainstdepressionpanicdisorderandotherproblemswithmultipletrialsshowingthatthesetreatments—thetoolsofpsychology—bringmorelastingbenefitsthandrugs.Youwouldn’tknowthisifyousoughthelpfromatypicalclinicalpsychologist.Althoughmanytreatmentsareeffectiverelativelyfewpsychologistslearnorpracticethem.Whyintheworldnot?ForonethingsaysBakerclinicalpsychologistsareverydoubtfulabouttheroleofscienceandlacksolidsciencetraining.Alsoonethirdofpatientsgetbetternomatterwhattreatmentifanytheyhaveandpsychologistsrememberthesesuccessesbelievingwronglythattheyaretheresultofthetreatment.Whenfacedwithevidencethattreatmentstheyofferarenotsupportedbyscienceclinicalpsychologistsarguethattheyknowbetterthansomestudywhatworks.A.2008studyof591psychologistsinprivatepracticefoundthattheyrelymoreontheirownandcolleagues’experiencethanonsciencewhendecidinghowtotreatapatient.Iftheykeeponthispathasinsurancecompaniesdemandevidence-basedmedicinewarnsMischelpsychologywilldiscredititself.Manyclinicalpsychologistsfailtoprovidethemosteffectivetreatmentsbecause________.A.theyareunfamiliarwiththeirpatientsB.theybelieveinscienceandevidenceC.theydependontheircolleagues’helpD.theyrelyontheirpersonalexperiencesThewideninggapbetweenclinicalpracticeandscienceisdueto_______.A.thecrueljudgmentbyWalterMischelB.thefactthatmostpatientsgetbetterafterbeingtreatedC.thegreatprogressthathasbeenmadeinpsychologicalresearchD.thefactthatpatientsprefertotakedrugsratherthanhaveothertreatmentsHowdoclinicalpsychologistsrespondwhenchargedthattheirtreatmentsarenotsupportedbyscience?A.TheyfeelembarrasseD.B.Theytrytodefendthemselves.C.TheyaredisappointeD.D.Theydoubttheirtreatments.InMischel’sopinionpsychologywill____.A.destroyitsownreputationifnoimprovementismadeB.developfasterwiththesupportofinsurancecompaniesC.worktogetherwithinsurancecompaniestoprovidebettertreatmentD.becomemorereliableifinsurancecompanieswon’tdemandevidence-basedmedicine
TowhatdegreecanacomputerachieveintelligenceTheanswertothisquestionmaylieinanewly-developedUScomputerprogramcalledSmarterChildandtheInternet.IfyouranintoSmarterChildonlineyouwouldbesurprisedatthiskid’shugememory.Itcanrecitemanyfacts.ForexampleSmarterChildknowseverybaseballplayerineveryteamthisseason.HeknowseverywordinthedictionaryandtheweatherineverymajorcityareasacrosstheUS.HoweverifyouaskSmarterChildotherquestionsyougetstrangeanswers.A.questionaboutSmarterChild’sagereturns.Oneyear11days16hours7minutesand47seconds!AskingwherehelivesgetsInacleanroominahigh-techbuildinginCaliforniA.SmarterChildusesthevastinformationontheWorldWideWebashismemorybank.ToanswerquestionsaboutspellingforinstanceSmarterChildgoestoAmericanHeritageDictionaryonlinE.Fortheweatherhevisitswww.intellicast.com.SomescientistsbelievethatbyjoiningthemanysystemsoftheInternetanartificialbeingwiththecombinedknowledgeofsayAlbertEinsteinRichardNixonandBritneySpearscouldbeborn.HoweverifSmarterChildwantstothinkandlearnonhisownliketheboy-computerDavidinthemovieA.I.ArtificialIntelligencehemustovercometwoproblems.Thefirstisthatcomputersfinditdifficulttoreadwebpagesbecausethefilesarelabeledindifferentways.That’swhyprogrammersneedtotellSmarterChildwheretolookfortheweather.Itwouldbeamuchmoredifficulttasktolethimfindithimself.AnotherproblemisthatwhileSmarterChildcanprocessinformationmoreexactlyandfasterthananyhumanhelackscommonsense—abasicgroundingofknowledgethatisobvioustoanyyoungchilD.Fromthetextwecaninferthatwww.intellicast.comisawebsite.A.wherewepeoplecanfindSmarterChildB.whichisspeciallydesignedtohelpSmarterChildC.whereweatherforecastsaremadeD.whichisaboutartificialintelligenceItisprobablymostdifficultforSmarterChildto.A.learntheabilitytotellrightbehaviorsfromwrongones.B.tellushowtospelladifficultwordC.provideuswithafamouspoembyShakespeareD.tellushowtheAmericangovernmentisrunTheunderlineditinParagraph6refersto________.A.wheretolookfortheweatherB.SmarterChilD.C.amuchmoredifficulttaskD.toreadwebpagesWhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ANewWebChildB.IntelligenceDevelopmentC.SmarterChildD.TheFutureofInternet
Whencoalisburnedinaboilertwokindsofashby-productsareproduced:aheavybottomashandafine-as-powderflyash.About10to15percentofthecoalby-productisbottomashwhichisusedlikesandonstreetsandhighwayscoveredwithiceandalsoonhighwaysaspavingmaterial.Itistheflyashhoweverthatisreceivingmuchattention.OnceconsideredawasteflyashisnowregardedasanaturalresourceintheUnitedStates.ItcanbeplacedinsomelowerplaceswhereitiscompactedandcoveredwithsoilfortheseedsofvariousgrassesandplantstobeplacedinthesoiltomakethelandproductivE.Flyashmaybeaddedtoconcretetobuildroadsandotherkindsofbuildingstakingtheplaceofthecementupto20percent.Asaby-productofburnedcoalflyashrequiresnoextraenergytobeproducedwhilecementproductionrequiresgreatamountsofenergy.Besidesthetechnologyisabletotakeoutsomeusefulmineralsfromtheflyashwhichisstillaveryexpensiveprocesstoday.Butthetimemaycomewhenitischeapertotakeouttheseproductsfromashthantominenewsupplies.Thebottomashcanbeputonicystreets________.A.inordertorebuildthemB.inordertomakethemcolourfulC.sothatpeoplecanwalkonthemD.sothatcarscanrunfasterTheflyash_______bottomash.A.hasthesameuseasB.ismoreexpensivethanC.hasmoreusesthanD.ismuchcheaperthanTheflyashcanbeusedto________.A.growvariousplantsB.taketheplaceofsoilC.coverproductivelandD.makemoreproductivelandWhichofthefollowingisright?A.ToproduceflyashsomeextracoalistobeburneD.B.Flyashismadewhileproducingcement.C.Ittakeslessenergytoproduceflyashthancement.D.Flyashisacostlessby-product.Thewordmineinthelastsentenceofthepassagemeans_______.A.tobuythingsfromothercountriesB.tosearchforusefulmaterialsinthemountainsC.todigdeeplyintothegroundtogetusefulmaterialsD.totakeoutcertainmaterialsfromotherthings
Societiesallovertheworldnameplacesinsimilarways.QuiteoftenthereisnoofficialnamingceremonybutplacestendtobecallednamesaspointsofreferencebypeoplE.ThenanorganizedbodystepsinandgivestheplaceanamE.Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames:Oneisnamedbythepeopleandtheotherbythegovernment.Asinmanyareasoldhabitsdiedhardandtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost.ManyroadsandplacesinSingapore新加坡arenamedinorderthatthepioneerswillberememberedbyfuturegenerations.ThuswehavenamessuchasStamfordRoadandRafflesPlacE.Thisisinkeepingwithtraditionsinmanycountries----inboththeWestandtheEast.Anotherwayofnamingplacesisnamingthemafterotherplaces.Perhapstheywerenamedtopromotefriendshipsbetweenthetwoplacesoritcouldbethatthepeoplewhousedtolivetherewereoriginallyfromtheplacesthattheroadswerenamedafter.ThemysteryisclearerwhenweseesomeoftheroadsnamedinformerBritishbases.IfyoustepintoSelectorAirbaseyouwillseePiccadillyCircus----obviouslynamedbysomehomesickRoyalAirForcepersonnel.Sineplaceswerenamedaftertheactivitiesthatusedtogoonatthoseplaces.BrasBasahRoadisaninterestingexampleBaseBasahmeanswetriceinMalay马来语.NowwhywouldanyonewanttonamearoadWetRiceRoad?ThereasonissimplE.DuringthepioneeringdayswetricewaslaidouttodryalongthisroaD.A.fewroadsinSingaporearenamedbytheirshapes.ThereisCircularRoadforonE.OtherroadsmayhavepartoftheirnamestodescribetheirshapeslikePayaLebarCrescent.Thisroadiscalledacrescent月牙becauseitbeginsonthemainroadmakesacrescentandcomesbacktojointhemainroadagain.WelearnfromParagraph1that_____.A.thegovernmentisusuallythefirsttonameaplaceB.manyplacestendtohavemorethanonenameC.aceremonywillbeheldwhenaplaceisnamedD.peopleprefertheplacenamesgivenbythegovernmentWhatdoestheunderlinedphrasediehardinParagraph1probablymean?A.Changesuddenly.B.Changesignificantly.C.Disappearmysteriously.D.Disappearveryslowly.Whichofthefollowingplacesisnamedafteraperson?A.RafflesPlacE.B.SelectorAirbasE.C.PiccadillyCircus.D.PayaLebarCrescent.BrasBasahRoadisnamed_______.A.afterapersonB.afteraplaceC.afteranactivityD.byitsshapeWhatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.SomeplacenamesinSingaporearethesameasinBritain.B.SomeplacesinSingaporearenamedformilitarypurposes.C.ThewaySingaporeansnametheirplacesisuniquE.D.YoungSingaporeanshaveforgottenthepioneers.
ElizabethBlackwellwasborninEnglandin1821andmovedtoNewYorkCitywhenshewastenyearsolD.Onedayshedecidedthatshewantedtobecomeadoctor.Thatwasnearlyimpossibleforawomaninthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury.Afterwritingmanylettersaskingforadmission录取tomedicalschoolsshewasfinallyacceptedbyadoctorinPhiladelphiA.Shewassodeterminedthatshetaughtinschoolandgavemusiclessonstogetmoneyforthecostofschooling.In1849aftergraduationfrommedicalschool.ShedecidedtofurtherhereducationinParis.Shewantedtobeasurgeon外科医师butaseriouseyeproblemforcedhertogiveuptheideA.UponreturningtotheUnitedStatesshefounditdifficulttostartherownpracticebecauseshewasawoman.By1857Elizabethandhersisteralsoadoctoralongwithanotherwomandoctormanagedtoopenanewhospitalthefirstforwomenandchildren.Besidesbeingthefirstwomanphysicianandfoundingherownhospitalshealsosetupthefirstmedicalschoolforwomen.Whycouldn’tElizabethBlackwellrealizeherdreamofbecomingasurgeon?A.Shecouldn’tgetadmittedtomedicalschoolB.ShedecidedtofurtherhereducationinParisC.A.seriouseyeproblemstoppedherD.ItwasdifficultforhertostartapracticeintheUnitedStatesHowmanyyearspassedbetweenhergraduationfrommedicalschoolandtheopeningofherhospital?A.EightyearsB.TenyearsC.NineteenyearsD.Thirty-sixyearsAccordingtothepassageallofthefollowingarefirstsinthelifeofElizabethBlackwellexceptthatshe______.A.becamethefirstwomanphysicianB.wasthefirstwomandoctorC.andseveralotherwomenfoundedthefirsthospitalforwomenandchildrenD.setupthefirstmedicalschoolforwomenElizabethBlackwellspentmostofherlifein_______.A.EnglandB.ParisC.theUnitedStatesD.NewYorkCity
CEveryonceinawhileitisnecessarytotakeastepbackinordertotakealonghardlookatwhereweareinourlives.Atthispointitisgoodtoaskyourselfabunchofcriticalquestions.Haveyousofaraccomplishedallofyourgoalsinlife?IfsoyouhavenotaccomplishedyourgoalsinlifethenperhapsyouhavemadethemistakeofsettingtoomanygoalsortryingtoaccomplishthematanunnaturallyfastpacE.ItisnecessarytosetreasonableintelligentgoalsinordertosucceedinlifE.DonotbeunrealisticbecauselifeisnotafairytalE.Butyoushouldtrytorecognizewhatyouwantwhenattemptingtovisualize形象化orotherwiseexpresswhatyourgoalsinlifearE.InorderforagoaltosufficientlymotivateyouitneedstobeamajoronE.Thebiggeryourgoalsarethenthemoremotivatedyouwillneedtobetoworktowardsaccomplishingthem.Ifyouwantyouareabeginnerthennodoubtmasteringthosetoughsongsisaveryintelligentandrealisticgoaltoset.ButifthatisyouronlygoalasapianistachieveD.Thisiswhyitisnecessarytoconstantlystopandre-evaluateourgoalssothatweareawareofwhattheyareandthusstaymotivateD.49.Fromthepassageifyourgoalshaveallbeenachievedyoushouldthen______.A.askyourselfsomeseriousquestionsB.takeahardlookatyoursuccessC.setsomeotherintelligentgoalsD.stretchyourselftorelax50.Bysayinglifeisnotafairytaletheauthorsuggeststhatyoushould________.A.setasbigagoalaspossibleB.tryhardtorealizeyourdreamC.makeyourgoalspracticalD.abandonallyourambitions51.ToperformseveralBeethovenpieceswellisagoalthat_______.A.isnotsuitableforthepianistB.isappropriateforabeginnerC.stopsyoufromgrowingasapianistD.isveryeasytoachieve52.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SetIntelligentGoalsforYourselfB.TrytoAccomplishYourGoalsC.GetYourselfMoreMotivatedD.GoalsHelpYoutoSucceed
ThestrivingofcountriesinCentralEuropetoentertheEuropeanUnionmayofferanunprecedentedchancetothecontinent’sGypsiesorRomantoberecognizedasanationalbeitonewithoutadefinedterritory.Andiftheyweretoachievethattheymightevenseeksomekindofformalplace—atleastatotalpopulationoutnumbersthatofmanyoftheUnion’spresentandfuturecountries.Someexpertsputthefigureat4m-plus;someproponentsofGypsyrightsgoashighas15m.UnlikeJewsGypsieshavehadnoknownancestrallandtoharkbackto.ThoughtheirlanguageisrelatedtoHinditheirterritorialoriginsaremisty.Romanianpeasantsheldthemtobebornonthemoon.OtherEuropeanswronglythoughtthemmigrantEgyptianshencethederivativeGypsy.MostprobablytheywereitinerantmetalworkersandentertainerswhodriftedwestfromIndiainthe7thcentury.HoweversincecommunisminCentralEuropecollapsedadecadeagothenotionofRomanestanasalandlessnationfoundedonGypsyculturehasgainedgrounD.TheInternationalRomanyUnionwhichsaysitstandsfor10mGypsiesinmorethan30countriesisfosteringtheideaofself-rallying.Itistryingtopromoteastandardandwrittenformofthelanguage;itwavesaGypsyflaggreenwithawheelwhenitlobbiesinsuchplacesastheUnitedBations;andinJulyitheldacongressinPragueTheCzechcapital.WherePresidentVaclavHavelsaidthatGypsiesinhisowncountryandelsewhereshouldhaveabetterdeal.AtthecongressaSlovak-bornlawyerEmilScukawaselectedpresidentoftheInternationalTomanyUnion.LaterthismonthagroupofelectedGypsypoliticiansincludingmembersofparliamentmayorsandlocalcouncilorsfromalloverEuropeOSCEtodiscusshowtopersuademoreGypsiestogetinvolvedinpolitics.TheInternationalRomanyUnionisprobablythemostrepresentativeoftheoutfitsthatspeakforGypsiesbutthatisnotsayingalot.Oftheseveralhundreddelegateswhogatheredatitscongressfewweredemocraticallyelected;oddlynonecamefromHungarywhoseGypsiesareperhapstheworld’sbestorganizedwithsome450GypsybodiesadvisinglocalcouncilstherE.TheuniondidhoweverannounceitsambitiontosetupaparliamentbuthowitwouldactuallybeelectedwasleftundecideD.SofartheEuropeanCommissioniswaryofencouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation.ThemightitisfearedopenaPandora’sboxalreadycontainingBasquesCorsicansandotherawkwardpeoples.BesidesacknowledgingGypsiesasanationmightbackfirejustwhenseveralcountriesparticularlyHungarySlovakiaandtheCzechRepublicarebeginningtotreatthembetterinordertoqualifyforEUmembership.TheEU’swholepremiseistoovercomedifferencesnottohighlightthemsaysanervousEurocrat.ButtheideathattheGypsiesshouldwinsomekindofspecialrecognitionasEurope’slargestcontinentwideminorityandonewithaterriblehistoryofpersecutioniscatchingon.Gypsieshavesufferedmanypogromsoverthecenturies.InRomaniathecountrythatstillhasthelargestnumberofthemmorethan1minthe19thcenturytheywereactuallyenslaveD.HitlertriedtowipethemoutalongwiththeJews.GypsiesdeservesomespacewithinEuropeanstructuressaysJanMarinusWiersmaaDutchmanintheEuropeanParliamentwhosuggeststhatoneofthecurrentcommissionersshouldberesponsibleforGypsyaffairs.SomeprominentGypsiessaytheyshouldbemoredirectlyrepresentedperhapswithaquotaintheEuropeanParliament.Thattheyarguemightgivethemaboost.TherearemovesafoottohelpthemtogetmoneyforamongotherthingsaGypsyuniversity.OnebigsnagisthatEurope’sGypsiesareinfactextremelyheterogeneous.TheybelongtomanydifferentandoftenantagonisticclansandtribeswithnocommonlanguageorreligionTheirself-proclaimedleadershaveoftenprovedquarrelsomeandcorrupt.StillsaysDimitrinaPetrovaheadoftheEuropeanRomaRightsCenterinBudapestGypsies’sharedexperienceofsufferingentitlesthemtotalkofonenation;theirpotentialunityshesaysstemsfrombeingregardedassub-humanbymostmajoritiesinEuropE.AndtheyhavebeguntobeabitmorepragmatiC.InSlovakiaandBulgariaforinstanceGypsypoliticalpartiesaretryingtoformelectoralblocksthatcouldwinseatsinparliament.InMacedoniaaGypsypartyalreadyhassome—andevenrunsamunicipality.NicholasGheorgeanexpertonGypsyaffairsattheOSCEreckonsthatspreadoverCentralEuropetherearenowabout20GypsyMPSandmayors400-oddlocalcouncilorsandagrowingnumberofbusinessmenandintellectuals.Thatisfarfromsayingthattheyhavethepeopleorthecashtoforgeanation.ButwiththeGypsyquestionontheEU’sagendainCentralEuropetheyaremakinggrounD.1.TheBestTitleofthispassageis[A].GypsiesWanttoFormaNation.[B].AreTheyaNation.[C].EUIsAfraidofTheirGrowth.[C].TheyAreaTribe2.WherearethemostprobableGypsyterritoryorigins?[A].MostprobablytheydriftedwestfromIndiainthe7thcentury.[B].TheyarescatteredeverywhereintheworlD.[C].ProbablytheystemmedfromCentralEuropE.[D].TheyprobablycamefromtheInternationalRomanyUnion.3.WhatdoestheInternationalRomanylobbyfor?[A].ItlobbiesforademandtobeacceptedbysuchinternationalorganizationsasEUandUN.[B].ItlobbiesforapostinanyinternationalRomanyUnion.[C].Itlobbiesfortherightasanation.[D].ItlobbiesforaplaceinsuchinternationalorganizationsastheEUorUN.4.WhyistheEuropeCommissionwaryofencouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation?[A].ItmayopenaPandora’sBox.[B].Encouragementmayleadtosomeunexpectedresults.[C].ItfearsthattheBasgnesCorsicansandothernationsseekingseparationmayraisethesamedemanD.[D].Gyspsies’demandmayhighlightthedifferenceintheEU.5.Thebigproblemliesinthefactthat[A].Gypsiesbelongtodifferentandantagonisticclansandtribeswithoutacommonlanguageorreligion.[B].Theirleadersprovecorrupt.[C].Theirpotentialunitystemsfrombeingregardedassub-human.[D].TheyareabitmorepragmatiC.
DCollegelibrariesaredesignedprimarilyforresearchandstudy.Toexplainitsuseletuschoosearesearchtopicandfollowthestep-by-stepprocedureoflookingupthematerialforthepaper.SupposeyourassignmentistowriteapaperonanovelcalledTheSunAlsoRisesbyAmericanwriterHemingway.Thefirststepistogotothemaincatalog.Manysmalldrawersonthelargewoodencabinetsarelinedupinalphabetical字母的order.Eachofthedrawerscontainshundredsofalphabeticalorderedcards.Thesecardsareprintedreferencestoallmaterialavailableinthelibrary.Titlecardsarecatalogedbythefirstwordofthebooktitleleavingoutthearticleslikeaanandthe.AndthenyougetthecardsforthebooksyouneeD.Ontheupperleftcornerofeachcardisthecallnumber.Thisisthenumericalcodethatshowswherethebookislocatedinthelibrary.Thelibraryhasopenandclosedstacks.Ifyourbookisontheopenstacksyoucangototheopen-stackroomandaccordingtothecallnumberfinditoutbyyourself.Thereareonlyabout30000booksonopenstackswhilemostofthe800000booksinourlibraryarekeptinclosedstackswhichareaccessibleonlytoteachersandgraduatestudents.Forundergraduateslikeyouborrowingbooksfromtheclosedstackshavetobedonewiththehelpofourlibrarian.Inthatcaseyoumustfilloutacallslip纸条forthebookshowingthecallnumberauthorandtitlE.Youcangetcallslipsontablesnearthecatalogcabinets.Youshowyourcallsliptogetherwithyourlibrarycardtoalibrarianattheinformationdesk.Heorshewillhelpyoufindthebookoutintheclosedstacks.53.Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?A.Topresentreadersabriefintroductiontoacollegelibrary.B.Toguidereadershowtofindbooksneededinacollegelibrary.C.Totellreadershowtofilloutacallslipinacollegelibrary.D.Toshowreaderswheretofindbooksinacollegelibrary.54.WhatletteryoushouldlookforonthetitlecardforthebookTheOldManandtheSeabytheHemingway?A.Thelettert.B.Theletterh.C.Theletters.D.Thelettero.55.Howarebooksarrangedandshelvedinthelibrary?A.Bycallnumbers.B.Bycallslipsofauthors’names.C.Inalphabeticalorder.D.BythefirstwordofbooktitlE.56.Supposeyouareanundergraduateandyouwanttoborrowabookfromtheclosedstackswhichisthecorrectordertodoit?A.gotothemaincatalogB.showyourcallslipandlibrarycardC.findoutthecallnumberD.filloutacallslipE.getthecardsforthebooksA.a-b-e-d-cB.a-e-c-d-bC.b-a-c-d-eD.b-c-a-e-d
PeopleinBritainoftentalkabouttheirhomes:theirmortgages按揭theinterestratesandrisingprices.Here’saguidetosomeofthewordsandphrasesyoumightcomeacross.It’sagoodideaintheUKtoarrangeamortgagewithabankbeforeyoustartlooking.ThisiswhenthebanktellsyouhowmuchmoneytheywilllendyousoyouhaveagoodideaofhowmuchyoucanafforD.ThenextstepistogotoanestateagentandseewhatsortofpropertiestheyhaveavailableinyourbudgetrangeandinyourareA.Ifyouseesomethingyouliketheestateagentwillarrangeforyoutoviewthepropertysothatyoucanseethehouseorflatforyourself.Ifyouseesomethingthattakesyoureyeyouputinanoffer.Thevendor卖家canacceptordeclinethisofferandifthevendoracceptsityoucanmoveforwardwiththesalE.Howeverasyoudon’tpayanymoneyatthispointtheofferisn’tlegallybinding具有约束力andintheoryyoucanpulloutoftheofferatanytimethatyoulikE.YournextstepwillprobablybetogetastructuralsurveydonE.A.qualifiedsurveyorwillinspectthehouseandwriteareportthatillustratesanystructuralproblemslikedampordrainageproblems.IfyoustillwanttogoaheadwiththesaleyouneedtoappointalawyertodothelegalpaperworkifyoualreadyownahouseyoumightalsobebusytryingtosellitManyhouseownersprefertoselltofirst-timebuyersthosepeoplewhodon’talreadyownahomeastheyarenotinachainwaitingforotherpeopletobuyerhousebeforetheycanbuytheirnexthouse.FinallyoncethecontractsaresignedandexchangedyoucompleteonyourhousE.Yougetthekeysandyoucanmoveinwheneveryouwant.Thenyoumightwanttothrowahouse-warmingparty.Congratulation!WhichofthefollowingshowstherightorderofwhathappensbeforethepeopleintheUKmoveintoanewhouse?A.askforacompanywhichrepresentsothersofpropertiesB.decidehowmuchtoborrowfromthebankC.examinethestructureofthehouseD.hirealawyerandmakeacontractE.offerthesellertherightmoneyf.visitthehouseanddiscussapricewiththesellerA.bafdceB.bafedcC.bafcdeD.bfdecaAccordingtothepassagethesestatementsarecorrectEXCEPT___________.A.Aftergettingthekeystheownerssometimeshaveaparty.B.Peoplecareformortgagesinterestratesandtheprices&housE.C.Thesellersaremoreinterestedinthefirst-timebuyers.D.Peoplecanborrowthewholemoneyforanewhousefromabank.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Collectors.B.Owners.C.Lawyers.D.Surveyors.Thepassageismaybeonethat_______________.A.givesomeadviceonthehouseB.givesometipstobuyersC.introducesabookontravelersD.introducesaguidetovisitors
第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑A.Shoppingisnotassimpleasyoumaythink!Thereareallsortsoftricksatplayeachtimewereachoutforthatparticularbrandofproductontheshelf.Colouringforexamplevariesaccordingtowhattheproducersaretryingtosell.Healthfoodsarepackagedingreensyellowsorbrownsbecausewethinkoftheseashealthycolours.Icecreampacketsareoftenblueandexpensivegoodslikechocolatesaregoldorsilver.WhensomekindofpainkillerwasbroughtoutrecentlyresearchersfoundthatthecoloursturnedthecustomersoffbecausetheymadetheproductlookweakandineffectivE.Eventuallyitcameonthemarketinadarkblueandwhitepackage—bluebecausewethinkofitassafeandwhiteascalm.Thesizeofaproductcanattractashopper.Butquiteoftenabottledoesn’tcontainasmuchasitappearsto.Itisbelievedthatthebetter-knowncompaniesspendonaverage70percentofthetotalcostoftheproductitselfonpackaging!Themostsuccessfulproducersknowthatit’snotenoughtohaveagoodproduct.ThefounderofPearssoapwhofor25yearshasusedprettylittlegirlstopromote推销theirgoodscametotheconclusion:Anyfoolcanmakesoapbutittakesageniustosellit.61.Whichofthefollowingmaytrickashopperintobuyingaproductaccordingtothetext?A.ThecostofitspackagE.B.Thepriceoftheproduct.C.ThecolourofitspackagE.D.Thebrandnameoftheproduct.62.TheunderlinedpartthecoloursturnedthecustomersoffinParA.3meansthatthecolours_________.A.attractedthecustomersstronglyB.causedthecustomerstoloseinterestC.trickedthecustomersintoshoppingD.hadweakeffectsonthecustomers63.Whichofthefollowingisthekeytothesuccessinproductsales?A.Thewaytopromotegoods.B.Thediscoveryofagenius.C.Theteamtoproduceagoodproduct.D.Thebrandnameusedbysuccessfulproducers.64.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.Makingsoapissoeasythatanyfoolintheworldcanmakeit.B.Greensyellowsorsilverareconsideredtobehealthycolours.C.25yearsagothefounderofPearssoapwasaprettygirlherself.D.Thesizeofaproductcanhaveaneffectontheshoppers.65.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.ChoiceofGoodProductsB.DisadvantagesofProductsC.EffectofPackagingonShoppingD.BrandNamesandShoppingTricks
CMosthighschoolshaveatleastfoursportstheyoffertotheirstudents.Inmanydistrictstheremustbeanequalamountofsportsforboysandgirls.Someschoolsevenhavesportingclubs.Highschoolsportshavebeenanimportantpartofthehighschoolcurriculum课程formanyyears.HowevernotallparentsfullyrealizetheimportancE.Somechildrenarenotevenallowedtoparticipateinschoolsportsbecauseofthecostthetimecommitment投入orthepossibilityofinjury.Thetruthisthathighschoolsportsaremorethanjustfun.TheyaregreattoolstohelpstudentslearnaboutlifE.TheycanteachstudentsteamworkcooperationandleadershipetC.Studentscantakethesethingsintotheireverydaylivesaswell.WhentheybuildtheirconfidenceonthesportingfieldstudentsarealsobuildingconfidenceagainsttheworlD.TheywillbeabletoworkwellwithothersinallotherareasoftheirlifE.Highschoolsportsarealsotheperfectwaytokeepteensawayfromdrugsandotherdangerousbehaviors.CoachesaregreatrolemodelsthatcanoftenencourageplayerstobewellbehaveD.SomeschoolsevenhavelimitsonGPAsgradepointaveragefortheirathletes.Ifastudentathlete’sgradesfallbelowacertainpointtheycannotplay.StudentswholovesportswilldoanythingtoplayincludingstudyingmorE.Theywillalsobelesslikelytotrydrugsorbreakthelawinanyothermanner.Soallowyourchildrentoparticipateinschoolsports.Getinvolvedandmakefriendswiththeparentsoftheotherstudents.Thewholefamilycanhaveagreattimeandlearnaboutsportstogether.64.Thepassageismainlywrittenfor____.A.highschoolteachersB.highschoolstudentsC.students’parentsD.sportslovers65.Theauthorbelievesthathighschoolsportsare____.A.interestingandusefulB.importantandcheapC.expensivebutworthwhileD.dangerousbutmeaningful66.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartCoachesaregreatrolemodelsmean?A.Coachesrespectathletes’wishes.B.Coachesareagoodexampletostudents.C.Coachesaregoodpartners.D.Coachesaregreatathletes.67.WhichofthefollowingisNOTusedtosupporttheideathatschoolsportshelpkeepstudentsawayfromsomedangerousbehaviors?A.Coacheshaveapositiveeffectonstudents.B.Schoolsarestrictwiththeirstudents.C.StudentslovingsportsstudymorE.D.Parentscanhaveagreattimewiththeirchildren.
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