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阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Six days a week, up and down the red hills of northeast Georgia, my grandfa...
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高中英语《首发 2015年高考英语真题 天津卷 包含试题答案 word版本》真题及答案
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WheneverwemeetwithdifficultyorfailureteachersparentsorothersoftensaytousorperhapswesaytoourselvesNevergiveup.Thesecanbeencouragingwordsandwordsofdetermination.A.personwhobelievesinhimselfwillkeeptryingtoreachhisgoalnomatterhowmanytimeshefails.InmyopinionthequalityofdeterminationtosucceedisanimportantonetohavE.ThereforeIbelievethatweshouldnevergiveup.Onereasonisthatifwegiveuptooeasilywewillrarelyachieveanything.Itisnotunusualforustofailinourfirstattemptatsomethingnewsoweshouldnotfeeldisappointedandshouldtryagain.Besidesifwealwaysgiveupwhenwefailwewillnotbeabletodevelopnewskillsandgrow.Anotherreasonweshouldnevergiveupisthatwecanlearnfromourmistakessothatwecannotmakethesameones.IfwedonottryagainthelessonwehavelearnediswasteD.Finallyweshouldnevergiveupbecauseasweworktoreachourgoalswedevelopconfidenceandthisconfidencecanhelpussucceedinotherareasofourlives.Ifweneverchallengeourselveswewillbegintodoubtourabilities.Inshortitisimportantthatwedonotgiveupwhenworkingforourgoals.Whetherwesucceedintheendornotwewilllearnsomethingandwhatwelearnwillhelpustobecomebetterandmoreconfident.Furthermoreifwegiveupwehavenochanceofattainingourgoalsanymorebutifwekeepmakinggreateffortsthereisalwaysachancethatwewillsucceedoneday.Topic:NeverGiveUpPossiblemeaningsandtheauthor’sopinions♣ThewordsNevergiveupcan__71__othersoroneselfandexpressone’sdetermination.♣A.personwhowantstosucceedshouldhavethe___72___ofdetermination.Soweshouldnevergiveup.______73____♣Ifwegiveuptooeasilymaybewewillachieve____74___sowhenwefailinourfirstattemptatsomethingnewweshouldnot___75___ourselvesbuttryagain.♣Alwaysgivingupmeansthatwewillnotbeableto___76____anyprogress.♣Nevergivingupwillmakeuslearnfromthemistakeswe’vemadebeforeandlearnthe__77____soasnottomakethesamemistakes.♣Toreachourgoalsanddeveloptheconfidencewhichcanhelpus___78____ourselveswemustnotgiveupbutchallengeourselves.ConclusionsIfyougiveupyouwillhaveno_79____ofreachingyourgoals.Nevergiveupandyouwill___80____soonerorlater.
WhatisecofashionEco-fashionisaboutmakingclothesthattakeintoaccounttheenvironmentthehealthofconsumersandtheworkingconditionsofpeopleinthefashionindustry.Itisacomplexphenomenonandthecommonuseofthetermcoverstwoaspectsoffashion—‘ecological’and‘ethical’.Ecologicalfashionusuallyreferstotextile织物andclothingproductionprocessesandtheenvironmentalissuessurroundingthemethicalfashiongenerallyrelatestotheworkingconditionsinvolvedintheproducingprocesses.WhataretheproblemswithfashionAcloserlookatthefashionindustrypointsoutmanyproblemsthatarecommonpracticesinthecreationofourfashionsfromthefieldtothefactory.Firstlytheproductionoftextilespollutestheenvironmentheavily.Cottonplantingusespesticidessheepfarmingandwoolcleaningcontributetoglobalwarmingsyntheticsmaking人造纤维生产bringsaboutwastewhichdoesharmtoourenvironment.Secondlyeverystageofclothingproductionhasasignificanteffectontheenvironment.Theyalluseagreatdealofenergyandsomealsoinvolveharmfulchemicals.Inadditiontothisthereisalotofwasteproducedintheprocessespeciallyintheformofpollutedwater.Thirdlygrowingconsumptionlevelsandourshoppinghabitsfurtherworsenthebadeffects.Wearenowbuyingclothesinincreasingquantitieswithoutrealizingthescaleonwhichitaffectsnaturalenvironmentandwearealsoquicktothrowawayclothesthathavebeenwornonlyacoupleoftimes.Thenhowtosolvetheproblems?Otherindustriesthatdesignproductsareaheadofthefashionindustrywhenitcomestochoosingsustainablematerialsdesigningforminimumwastechoosingenergyefficientmanufacturingandcreatingproductsforlongevity.Thefashionindustryhasbeenslowtoadoptthesechangesandpartoftheproblemistheverynatureoffashion.ToalargedegreeitisthefashionproducersthatreallyhavethepowerandtheresponsibilitytoshapeourfuturE.TherearenumerouswaysinwhichtheseproducerscanreducetheirecologicalfootprintfromswitchingtogreenenergyandreducingenergyusethroughselectingsustainablematerialsandchoosinglocalsupplierstorecycleandminimizewastE.Ontheotherhandasconsumerswecanallmakecontributionsbyselectingenvironmentallyfriendlyclothingandreducingclothingconsumption.Thereissomeconcernthatecofriendlyfashionsarejustatrendthatwewilleventuallygrowtiredofbutwecanmakesurethatdoesn'thappen.NowmanypeoplearebeginningtoshopfororganicfoodproductsbecausethebenefitsofeatingfoodfreeofchemicalsarestraightforwardandimmediatE.Theyrelatedirectlytoourpersonalhealth.Infactchoosingecofashioncanalsocontributetoourpersonalhealththoughitismostlydonebywayofkeepingthehealthoftheplanet.Whychooseeco-fashion?61offashionEcologicalTextile&clothingproductionprocesses;Issuesrelatedto62EthicalWorking63involvedProblemswithfashionTextile64Cotton-planting:useofpesticides;Sheepfarming&woolcleaning:globalwarming;Synthetics-making:65wasteClothingproductionProducingalotofwaste;Usingharmfulchemicals;66agreatdealofenergyConsumptionlevels&shoppinghabitsNewclothes:boughtinincreasingquantitiesOldclothes:67awayquickly68toproblemsFashionproducersWaystorecycleand69waste:Switchingtogreenenergy;Reducingenergyuse;Selectingsustainablematerials;Choosinglocalsuppliers70SelectingenvironmentallyfriendlyclothingReducingclothingconsumptionChoosingecofashioncancontributetoourpersonalhealth.
Dayafterdayyouaregluedtoyourcomputerscreen.Youcannotgetenoughofonlinegamesnetshoppingorcybersurfing.Yoursociallifegetsworseandsodoesyourhealth.Chancesarethatyouareaddictedto沉迷于theInternetandyouneedcounseling劝告建议.OnNovember8anInternetAddictionDisorderIADdiagnosticmanual诊断手册wasapprovedbyagroupofpsychologistsinChinawhoagreedthatInternetaddictionisamentaldiseasE.AccordingtoareportonXinhuanet.comthemanualforthefirsttimegivesacleartimestandardfordiagnosingIADsayingthatsurfingtheInternetformorethansixhoursadaynotforthepurposeofstudyingorworkingandhavingdonesoforlessthanthreemonthsmightbeasymptomofIAD.Addictionsymptoms上瘾症状differBesidesthelongonlinetimesomeothersymptomswouldalsohelpdoctorsdiagnoseIADpatientssuchashavingastrongdesirefortheInternetandfeelingphysicaldiscomfortbecomingeasilyangrybeingunabletoconcentrateonthingsorfindingitdifficulttosleepifunabletogetonlinE.Apartfromtheseconditionsothersymptomsarealsolistedinthemanual.Ifanetsurfercannotgetoutofthevirtual虚拟的worldofWebgameswhichhasalreadyaffectedhis/hercapabilitytostudyorworkorhe/shefeelslittleinterestindoinganythingbutjumpingonlineorisafraidtocommunicatewithothershe/sheisalsoconsideredtobeanIADsufferer.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganizationmentaldiseasesufferershavetwomajorcharacteristics:theybringsufferingtoboththemselvesandtheirfamiliesandtheirabilitiestobeinvolvedinsocialactivitiesareaffecteD.Mentalillnessstigma污名Howeverithasresultedinabacklash反对fromthepublicduetothefactthatmentaldiseaseisaverysensitivetermtoChinesE.ManynetizensdroppedcommentsexpressingtheirdoubtsaboutthemanualsayingthattheycouldnotaccepttheymightbesufferingfrommentalillnessjustbecausetheyspenttoomuchtimeontheInternet.Expertssaidthereisamisunderstandingofthemanual.ExplainingthatIADsufferersarenotcrazypeopletheycallonsocietyatlargetochangetheirunderstandingofmentaldiseasE.Mentaldiseasecoversawiderangeofpsychologicalorbehavioralproblemssuchasdepression.NewSolutionstoInternetAddictionInformationaboutIAD▲Problem:Internetaddictionmakesyoursociallifeand1_____getworsE.▲StandardfordiagnosingIAD:Internetaddictionisa2_____diseasewhenyousurftheInternetmorethansixhoursadayforlessthanthreemonthsnotto3_____orwork.4____addictionsymptomsTheyare▲eagertosurftheInternetphysicallyuncomfortableeasytobeangryunabletoconcentrateor5_____tosleep.▲unabletogetoutofthe6_____worldofWebgamesnot7_____indoinganythingelseorafraidtocommunicatewithothers.8___onmentalillness▲Manynetizensregardmentaldiseaseasavery9_____term.▲Expertsthinkitnecessaryto10_____mentaldiseasebecauseitcoversawiderangE.
IfYouGetInMakeCollegeCountAstuitioncostsrisewithpost-undergraduate本科毕业后jobsdifficulttofindishighereducationworththecost?Hereisanunfortunatetruth:Forfartoomanyincomingfreshmencollege－anycollege－isnotworthit.Yearafteryearstudentsfailtogetthefullvalueoftheirtuition.Manycriticsblamethiscost/valueproblemontheuniversitiesthougheachcriticmightpointtoadifferentreason:teachersalwaysthinkofdifficultresearchthehighcostsofathleticsorthepopularityofmajorsthataresupposedlynotsuitedtothenewjobmarkettonamesomeoftheirfavorites.Butthesearesymptomsandnottheillnessitself.Inourexperiencethesourceofthewasteduniversityexperiencebeginswiththestudent.Toooftenstudentsmakebadchoicesorfranklyjustnotenoughgreatchoices.Toooftenwemeetstudentswhoaresoexhaustedbythebusinessofgettingintocollegethattheydon’tworkhardoncetheyarrive－oneofthemostcommonwastesoftimeandtuition.A.poorlyconstructedtranscript成绩单canbedestructivetoastudent’seducation.Failuretoengageandbuildprofessionalworkingrelationshipswithprofessorsinofficehourswhichmayleadtocontinuedstudyinternshipsandmorealsohurtsthestudent’sexperiencE.Anothermistakeisfailingtomakeuseofthemanysupportnetworksontoday’scollegecampuses.It’salmostembarrassinghowmanygoodofferingsarerolledintoeachtuitiondollarbutmoststudentsdon’tknowtheyexist.Anothercommonpointoffailureisfillingtheschedulewithtoomanyextracurricularactivitiesasstudentsoncedidinhighschoolratherthangettingintenselyinvolvedinoneortwoatmost.Thesamecanbesaidofoverburdenedcourseloads.Thefinalgreatfailurewefrequentlyseeistheapproachstudentsandtheirparentstaketoselectingamajorandaccuratelyseeingitsimpactonafuturecareer.Universitysystemsarenotvocationalschools.Whilecriticsnowadayscomplainabouttheattractionofuselessmajors–andsomedoexist–morefrequentlyweseetoomanystudentspursueacourseofstudythatisnottheirstrengthsimplybecauseitseemstohaveobviousconnectionstoapotentialjobaftergraduation.Ratherthanperformpoorlyinapracticalmajorandbeoflittleinterestasafuturejobcandidatewesayitisbettertomajorinasubjectwhereastudentwoulddowellandmasterthetoolsofcommunicationandanalysis.Studentswhochooseauniquemajorshouldcomplement使更具有吸引力thatwithsomewell-chosenskillcoursesinternshipsandotherco-curricularactivitiesthathelpthemwithcareeropportunitiesaftercollegE.Soiscollegeworthit?ItcanbE.Studiesshowthatcollegegraduateshavemanyadvantages–materialsocialandemotional–thatcanleadtogreatersuccesslaterinlifE.Togetthefullvalueoutofcollegestudentsmustbeasdiligentandcreativeaboutgettingoutofcollegeastheywereaboutgettingin.AfterallthemostbeautifulOlympicsaltwaterpooldoesyounogoodifyoudon’tknowhowtoswim.IntroductionStudentsincollegeare71▲togetthefullvalueoftheconstantlyrisingtuition.Criticsholdthattheuniversitiesareresponsiblefortheproblembutactuallyitisstudentsthemselvesthatareto72▲.Students’mistakes●Studentstendtostopworkinghardafter73▲tocollegE.●Studentsfailtotakeadvantageofthe74▲thatcollegesprovidE.●75▲intoomanyextracurricularactivitiesmakesstudentsoverburdenedwithcourseloads●Studentscan’tadoptacorrect76▲toselectamajorandaccuratelyseeitsfuturepotential.Author’sadvice●Takepersonal77▲andstrengthintoaccount.●Learntheskillsofcommunicationandanalysis.●Choosesomeskillcoursesinternshipsandotherco-curricularactivitiesto78▲futurecareerchances.●Mostimportantlydiligenceandcreativity79▲.80▲StudentsandonlystudentsthemselvescangetthebestoutofcollegeaslongastheylearntheskillstoswiminthebeautifulpoolofcollegE.
IDsystemsareusedasameansforpeopletoprovetheiridentityasameansofaccesscontrolorformanyothersituations.IDcardsalsocontainalotmoreinformationthansimplythenameoftheholder.AllIDcardscontaininformationthatisrelevanttotheinstitutionthatreleasedthemsothereisnosinglemodelthatappliestoallIDcards.DifferentinstitutionshavedifferentruleswhenitcomestoIDcardsandIDcardsusedbystudentsinuniversitieswillnothavethesamesecurityfeaturesasthoseusedinthemilitaryforexamplE.Themoreimportanttheinstitutionisthemoreimportantthesecurityisandthemoresecurityfeatureswillbeusedtopreventduplication复制ofanIDcarD.AnyonewithaprinterthatcanprintIDcardscanduplicateinIDcardifitdoesnothaveanysecuritymeasures.TherehavebeenlotsofcasesespeciallyinlowsecurityinstitutionswhereIDcardshavebeenduplicatedandthiswasnotnoticedsincethepersonholdingthecardusuallyflasheditwhenitwasrequestedandthatwasnotenoughtonoticethatitisafakE.Thatmaynotbeextremelyimportantwhenitissimplyacaseofastudenttryingtoenterthecampusofanotheruniversitybutitcanbeofvitalimportanceifithappensinamilitaryinstitution.ChecksinmilitaryinstitutionsaremuchstricterandthepersonnelcheckingthecardarealwaystrainedtospotfakesinashortamountoftimE.SomemaythinkthatcreatinganIDcardisextremelydifficultbutitisnot.AllittakesisaspecialprinterthatcanprintIDcardsamodelandaphotoID.ThefactthatsuchprinterscanbefreelyorderedonlinehasraisedsecurityissueswithlotsofcompaniesandinstitutionsandmosthavedecidedtoeithercreatetheirownIDcardsorsimplyusemoreadvancedsecurityfeaturesthatregularhome-usersdonothaveaccessto.Thisincludesmagneticstripes磁条chipsbarcodes条形码andothermethods.Thisdoesincreasethecostofthecardperpersonsothetotalcostofthecardsincreasesbasedonthenumberofemployeesthecompanyhasbutitalsoreducessecurityriskstoaminimum.SoIDsystemsasbasicastheyseemareanexcellentsecuritymeasureforanyinstitution.ToensurethattheIDslookgoodandfunctionproperlythecompanythathandlesthecardprintingservicesshouldbetop-class.TryingtosavesomemoneybychoosingacheaperproviderisnotreallywisE.Whilesomecompaniesofferbonusesforlargeordersifthequalityprovidedisnotofthehigheststandarditisnotworthit.IDsystemsPassageoutlineSupportingdetails56.______toIDsystemThereisnotasinglemodel57._____toallIDcardsbecauseofdifferentinformationcontainedindifferentIDcards.Differentsecurityfeaturesaredecidedbythedegreeofthe58.____oftheinstitutionsSecurityfeaturesofIDcardsWithnosecuritymeasuresquitealotof59.______ofIDcardduplicationhavehappeneD.InamilitaryinstitutionIDcardsare60._____morestrictly61._______ofIDcardsItisnot62.______tomakeIDcardswithspecialprinters.Usingmagneticstripeschipsandbarcodes63.______thesafetyofIDcards.Theauthor’sadvice64._______basicandsimpleIDsystemsareanexcellentsecuritymeasurE.It’swiseto65._____top-classprovidersorservicestoensureIDcardsofafinequality.
HopeisactuallysomethingwecreatE.It’snotsomethingthatmagicallyappearsfromanoutsidesourcE.Nowmorethaneverovercomingfearandholdingontohopearenecessaryandimportant.Tryingthesestepsbelowwill__________________.BeKindtoYourselfThinkaboutwhatyouneedmostandthendoit.Isitacupofteaquietmusicalittlerestorreadinginspirationalliterature?Whateveritisgrantyourselfpermissiontodoitevenforjustafewminutes.CreateaDaily5-MinuteSilenceMomentLightacandleandreflect.Justsilentlyreflectinginfrontofalightedcandleisextremelyrewarding.Thismaybetheonetimeofdaywhenyoufeelconnectedtoyourownsoulandperhapsevensomethinglarger.TreatEachDayLikeaPreciousGiftWhatiftodaywasthelastdayofyourlife?Howwouldyouwanttoliveit?Askyourselfthisquestionthroughouttheday.ItwillhelpyouletgoofthecountlessannoyancesthattendtomakemostpeoplelosebalancE.TakeaBreakEverydaytakea30-secondbreaktolookattheskybreathedeeplyandofferthanks.LettheskybeasignofhopE.Thinkofotherpeoplearoundtheworldasyoulookattheskyandknowthatweallsharethisplanettogether.Amongallofuswehavetheabilitytocreatesolutionstotheproblemsthatnowexist.ExpressLoveSurpriseafriendwithahug.Leaveyourpartnersmallnotesexpressingthanksforkindacts.Doingallofthisaddswarmthandpositiveenergytoourlivesandthelivesofpeoplearoundus.It’salsoverycomfortingbothtothegiverandreceiverofeachlovingact.1.FillintheblankinParagraph1withproperwords.Pleaseanswerwithin5words._________________________________________2.Whichadvicementionedinthepassagedoyoulikebest?Why?Pleaseanswerwithin15words.___________________________________________________________________________3.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?Pleaseanswerwithin5words.___________________________________________________________________________4.Whichsentenceinthetextistheclosestinmeaningtothefollowingone?Itcanhelpyougetridofmuchtroublewhichmayleadmostofustoacrashinmotion.___________________________________________________________________________5.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphintoChinesE.___________________________________________________________________________
OftentheimportanceofhavingdinnerwiththewholefamilyatthedinnertableisstrengtheneD.Wearetoldthatafamilythateatstogetherstaystogether;weevenfollowitbymakingthewholefamilysitinfrontofthetelevisionwhileeating.Isitright?Wrong.Televisiondoesnothingtohelpmakefamilyrelationshipsbetter.Infactitonlywidensthegapbetweenthemembersofthefamilyespeciallyparentsandchildren.It’sthusbettertositatthedinnertablE.Familydinnersshouldincludeanotherimportantpart―conversationsthatcreateapleasantatmospherE.Howeverit’softendifficulttostartaconversationatafamilydinner.Moreovermanypeoplemakethemistakeofraisingcontroversial有争议的topicsatdinnertimecausingoneormoremembersorthewholefamilytolosetheirappetitE.Soitisimportanttokeepinmindsomefamilydinnerconversationideas.Itoftenserveswelltostarttheconversationrightbeforedinnersothatsettingthetableandotherhouseworkmaybecomelessboring.Doingthingstogetherwhetheritistalkingorlayingthetablecanmakefamilymembersfeelinterestedsothattherearenoembarrassingmomentswhenpeopleareactuallyeating.Youcanalsochangethetopicifyoufeelthatitmightstartargumentsanddestroyeveryone’sappetitE.Childrenareusuallyverygoodatsharinginformationanddon’tknowexactlyhowtoreplywhenyouaskthemquestionslikeHowwasschooltoday?Somakesureyouknowmoreaboutthemthanjustthefactthattheygotoschool―likewhichbooktheyarereadingormovietheywatchedrecentlyoraskthemabouttheextracurricularactivitiesthattheymightbetakingpartin.Familydinnersshouldbepositiveandconversationsduringdinnertimeshouldencouragefamilymemberstoeatwell.AllcontroversialtopicsshouldbeavoidedatdinnertimE.Thereareplentyofothertimeswhensuchtopicscanbediscussedbutdinnertimeisn’ttherighttimE.Actuallyifyouhaveanyfunnystoriesthathappenedinyourdailylifethat’sthetimewhenyoucanhaveagoodlaughoverthemwithothers.Itisalsoagoodideatolookbackonyourchildhoodmemorieswithyourfamilymembers.Theyespeciallyyourchildrenwillfeelexcitedaboutthecrazysometimesstupidthingsthatyoudidaschildren.Inshortitisalwaysnecessarytochoosetherighttopicsforfamilydinnerconversation.FamilyDinnerConversationsParagraphoutlineSupportingdetails66▲withthefamilydinner◇◇WatchingTVwhileeatingtogethermakesthegapbetweenthefamilymembers67▲◇◇Talkingaboutsomethingcontroversialwhileeatingtogetherresultsin68▲ofappetitE.IdIdeasaboutfamilydinnerconversationStStartearly◇◇Begintotalkbeforedinnertomake◇everyonefeel69▲indoingthe◇houseworkrelatedtothedinner.◇Don’ttalkaboutwhatmaymakefamily◇members70▲witheachother◇anddestroytheirappetitE.CCareaboutchildren◇◇Youneedtohaveagood71▲oftheiractivitiessothatyoucantalkwithyourchildrenaboutwhattheydidoraredoing.CChooseright72▲◇◇Youshouldmakesurethateveryoneis73▲toeatwellbyyourpositiveTatalking.◇Youshouldnotsayanythingthatiscontroversial.◇Y.oucan74▲informationaboutwhathappensinyourdailylifewithyourfamilymembers.◇◇Youcantalkaboutyourchildhood◇storieswithyourfamilywhichmaybecrazyorevenstupiD.Inawordthereismuch75▲tochoosetherighttopicsatatmeals.
Atlantisabeautifulandwealthyislandissupposedtohaveexistedover11000yearsago.ItwasinthemiddleofthevastAtlanticOceanandwasacentrefortradE.Itspeoplewereverywealthyandpowerful.TherulersofAtlantiscontrolledtheirpeopleandlandandtheirpowerspreadtoEuropeandAfricA.TheweatherwasverygoodinAtlantisandthereforepeoplecouldgrowfoodallyeararounD.Manydifferentkindsofvegetablesfruitsandnutsgrewthereandalotofdifferentanimalslivedontheislandincludingelephants.AtlantiswasthehomeofPoseidontheGreekGodoftheSeA.PoseidonhadfivesetsoftwinboyswhobecamethefirstrulersofAtlantis.Theisland’smanyhillsfieldsandriversweredividedbetweenthetenbrothers.TheeldestsonAtlaswasthefirstkingofAtlantis.Hecontrolledtheisland’scentralhillanditssurroundingareA.AtthetopofthecentralhillatemplewasbuiltinhonorofAtlas’sfatherPoseidon.InsidethetemplewasahugegoldstatueofPoseidon.TherulersofAtlantisdiscussedlawsinthetemplE.ForcenturiesthepeopleofAtlantislivedsimplehonestandhappylives.HoweverovertimetheybegantochangE.Theyenjoyedthepowertheyhadanddesiredmoreofit.WhentheGodZeussawhowcorrupt腐败thepeopleofAtlantiswerehewasveryangryandgatheredtheothergodstogethertodecideonapunishmentforthem.ThegodsagreedwithZeusanddecidedtosinktheislanD.InoneshortdayandahalftheislandofAtlantisitspeopleanditsmemory―awholecivilization―weredestroyedforeverswallowedupbytheseA.Atlantis:The81▲IslandBrief82▲oftheisland●ItisabeautifulandwealthyislanD.●Itissupposedtohaveexistedover11000yearsago.●83▲inthemiddleoftheAtlanticoceanitbecameacenterfortradE.●Therulersofitgotitspeopleandland84▲control.Weatherontheisland●Ithadverygoodweather.●Itwassuitabletogrowfood85▲theyear.●Itwasrichinfruitsvegetablesandanimalselephants86▲.Storiesabouttheisland●ItwasthehomeofPoseidontheGreekGodoftheSeA.●Poseidon’sfivesetsofsonsbecamethefirstrulersofAtlantis.●Thetenbrothersdivideditshillsfieldsandriversbetweenthemselves.●TheeldestsonAtlaswasthefirstto87▲theislanD.●AtemplewasbuiltonthetopofthecentralhillinhonorofPoseidon.88▲forthesinkingoftheisland●People’s89▲toenjoymorepowermadethemcorruptivE.●ZeusgatheredtheotherGodstodecideto90▲thembysinkingtheislandwhichwasswallowedupbytheseainoneandahalfdays.
Somestudentsgetsonervousbeforeatesttheydopoorlyeveniftheyknowthematerial.SianBeilockhasstudiedthesehighlyanxioustest-takers.SianBeilock:Theystartworryingabouttheconsequences.Theymightevenstartworryingaboutwhetherthisexamisgoingtopreventthemfromgettingintothecollegetheywant.Andwhenweworryitactuallyusesupattentionandmemoryresources.Italkaboutitasyourcognitivehorsepowerthatyoucouldotherwisebeusingtofocusontheexam.ProfessorBeilockandanotherresearcherGerardoRamirezhavedevelopedapossiblesolution.Justbeforeanexamhighlyanxioustest-takersspendtenminuteswritingabouttheirworriesaboutthetest.SainBeilock:Whatwethinkhappensiswhenstudentsputitdownonpapertheythinkabouttheworstthatcouldhappenandtheyreappraisethesituation.Theymightrealizeit’snotasbadastheymightthinkitwasbeforeandintruthitpreventsthesethoughtsfromappearingsuddenlywhenthey’reactuallytakingatest.Theresearcherstestedtheideaonagroupoftwentyanxiouscollegestudents.Theygavethemtwoshortmathtests.Afterthefirstonetheyaskedthestudentstoeithersitquietlyorwriteabouttheirfeelingsabouttheupcomingsecondtest.TheresearchersaddedtothepressurE.Theytoldthestudentsthatthosewhodidwellonthesecondtestwouldgetmoney.Theyalsotoldthemthattheirperformancewouldaffectotherstudentsaspartofateameffort.ProfessorBeilocksaysthosewhosatquietlyscoredanaverageoftwelvepercentworseonthesecondtest.Butthestudentswhohadwrittenabouttheirfearsimprovedtheirperformancebyanaverageoffivepercent.Nexttheresearchersusedyoungerstudentsinabiologyclass.Theytoldthembeforefinalexamseithertowriteabouttheirfeelingsortothinkaboutthingsunrelatedtothetest.ProfessorBeilocksayshighlyanxiousstudentswhodidthewritinggotanaveragegradeofB+comparedtoaB-forthosewhodidnot.SainBeilock:Whatweshowedisthatforstudentswhoarehighlytest-anxiouswho’ddoneourwritinginterventionallofasuddentherewasnorelationshipbetweentestanxietyandperformancE.Thosestudentsmostpronetoworrywereperformingjustaswellastheirclassmateswhodon’tnormallygetnervousinthesetestingsituations.Butwhatifstudentsdonothaveachancetowriteabouttheirfearsimmediatelybeforeanexamorpresentation?ProfessorBeilocksaysstudentscantryitthemselvesathomeorinthelibraryandstillimprovetheirperformancE.Title:Overcomingtest71.______________ProblemSomestudentsgetnervousbeforeatestsotheycan’tdo72.__________eveniftheyknowthematerial.Reason73.__________abouttheconsequences74.__________themtheirattentionandmemoryresources.SolutionWritedowntheirworriesto75.________thenegativethoughtsappearingsuddenly.ResultsoftheresearchesCollegestudents:76._______withthosesittingquietlystudentswritingabouttheirfearsimprovedtheirperformancE.Youngerstudents:highlyanxiousstudentswhodidthewritinginsteadof77.________thingsunrelatedtothetestgot78._______grades.79.___________waystosolvetheproblemIfstudentshaveno80.__________towriteabouttheirfearsimmediatelytheycantryitthemselvesathomeorinthelibrary.
HowTechnologyCanHelpLanguageLearningIntelligenceaccordingtoHowardGardnerisofeighttypes—verbal-linguisticlogical-mathematicalmusical-rhythmicvisual-spatialbodily-kinestheticinterpersonalintrapersonalandnaturalistiC.Thisisthefirstinaseriesofpoststhatexploreandunderstandhoweachoftheaboveformsofintelligenceisaffectedbytechnology-mediatededucation.Verbal-linguisticIntelligenceinvolvessensitivitytospokenandwrittenlanguagetheabilitytolearnlanguagesandthecapacitytouselanguagetoaccomplishgoals.Suchintelligenceisdevelopedbythreespecificactivities:readingwritingandinterpersonalcommunication—bothwrittenandoral.Thetraditionaltoolsthathavebeenusedtoefficientlydevelopverbal/linguisticintelligence—textbookpencilandpaper—aregivingwaytotechnologyinmanyschools.E-booksInternetlessonplansonlineassignmentsandwordprocessingsoftwareorasubsetoftheabovearenowcommoninschools.Technologyallowsadditionofmultisensory多种感觉的elementsthatprovidemeaningfulcontextstohelpcomprehensionthusexpandingthelearninggroundoflanguageandlinguistics.Researchintotheeffectoftechnologyonthedevelopmentofthelanguageandliteracyskillsvis-à-visreadingactivitiesofchildrenhasofferedevidenceforfavorableeffectsofdigital-formbooks.A.studyshowsthatdigitalreadingmaterialshavebecomecommonindevelopingcountriesinearlychildhoodclassroomstosupportengagementinstorybookswhileenhancingtheemergentliteracy早期读写能力amongchildren.E-booksarealsobeingincreasinglyusedtoteachreadingamongbeginnersandchildrenwithreadingdifficulties.Technologycanbeusedtoimprovereadingabilityinmanyways.Itcanenhance加强andsustaintheinterestlevelsforchildrenbyallowingimmediatefeedbackonperformanceandprovidingaddedpracticewhennecessary.Recentresearchshowsthatstudentsareabletoimprovetheirsightwordvocabularyfluencyandcomprehensionthroughcomputer-basedreading.Technologycanalsohelpinimprovementofwritingskills.Wordprocessingsoftwarepromotesnotonlycompositionbutalsoeditingandrevisinginwaysthatstreamlinethetaskofwriting.Desktoppublishingandweb-basedpublishingallowtheworktobetakenbeyondtheclassroomintoavirtualworldthatallowsmoreconstructiveinteractions.Technologyenhancedoralcommunicationisindeedusefulinthatitallowsstudentsfromremotelocationsorfromallovertheworldtocommunicateorallythroughvideoandaudioconferencingtools.ForexamplestudentsoflanguagesinAustralianuniversitiesovercometheproblemofinsufficientcontactwithnativelanguagespeakersbyusingonlineaudioandvideotoolsthatallowthedevelopmentofauralvocalandvisual-cognitionskillsthatareimportantinverbalandlinguisticeducation.Oralgroupdiscussionsintheformofvideoconferencingcanhelpnon-nativespeakersofalanguagewithnaturallanguagenegotiationandculturalintonationsinwaysthathavenotbeenpossibleduetogeographicisolation.ComputerdefinitelyaidedlanguagelearningandcomputermediatedcommunicationenhanceteachingandlearningexperiencesintheareasoflinguisticsandlanguageintelligencE.AlthoughtherehavenotbeencomprehensivestudiesontheuseoftechnologiestoaidK-12English-languagelearnerstherehavebeenmanyindividualcomputerprogramsandothertechnologiesthatacceleratetheacquisitionofphonicsvocabularyfluencyandreading-comprehensionskillsandotherlanguagebuildingblocks.Title:HowTechnologyCanHelpLanguageLearningParagraphoutlineDetailedinformationBriefintroductiontoVerbal-linguisticIntelligence●HowardGardnerthinksthatintelligenceisofeighttypes56.________fromverbal-linguistictonaturalisticintelligencE.●Verbal-linguisticIntelligence57.________ofthreeaspectsisdevelopedbythreespecificactivities.●Technologyis58._______traditionaltoolsusedtodevelopverbal/linguisticintelligenceefficiently.●Thelearninggroundoflanguageandlinguisticshasbeen59._______byaddingmultisensoryelementstolanguagelearning.EffectsonlanguageandliteracyskillsDigitalreadingmaterialshavebeenusedtohelpchildrenindevelopingcountriesget60.________instorybooksenhancingtheemergentliteracyamongthem.EffectsonreadingabilityTechnologycanenhanceandsustainchildren’sinterestlevelsbyprovidingimmediatefeedbackandextrapracticE.EffectsonwritingskillsTechnologyallowsourworktobetakeninavirtualworldwithmoreconstructive61.________.EffectsonoralcommunicationTechnologyallowsstudentstocommunicateorallythroughvideoandaudioconferencingtools62.________geographicisolation.Conclusion●Thereisno63.________thattechnologyenhancesteachingandlearningexperiencesconcerninglinguisticsandlanguageintelligencE.●Althoughthereisa64._______ofcomprehensivestudiesontheuseoftechnologiestoaidK-12English-languagelearnerstherehavebeenothertechnologiesthat65.________theacquisitionoflanguagebuildingblocks.
Itisnoteasytofindtruefriends.Evenifyou’veconnectedwithsomeonehowdoyoureallyknowheisatruefriendAndoftenyouwillfindthatsomeonewhoyouthoughtyoucouldtrustmayhaveletyoudown.Therearewaysyoucanknowifafriendshipistrueandhowyoucanholdontothatfriend.Generallyspeakingatruefriendissomeonewhowillbethereforyounomatterwhathappens.Theywillstandbyyouthroughbadandgoodtimes.Theywillacceptyouforwhoyouarewithouttryingtochangeyouandtheywillbetheretohelpyougrowinnewways.Atruefriendwillkeepyousecretsforyoutrusthim.Theywillbehonestandbesomeoneyoucandependon.Theywilllistenandbesomeoneyoucantalkthingsoverwitheveniftheymaynothaveadvicetosharewithyou.Howeverfriendshipisatwo-waystreet.Tofindtruefriendsandkeepthemyoumustinturnbethesameaswell.Bethereforthemintheirhardtimesandsharethegoodtimeswiththem.Besomeoneyourfriendscandependonaswellandofferthemthesamethingtheygivetoyou.Afriendshipwillfallapartfastifonlyonepersonisgivingandputtingalltheeffort.Ifyouaretheonlyonemakinganeffortbehonestanditworks.Actuallytherewillbebarriersintheroadbutthatisthetestoftruefriendship.Ifitcansurvivethosebarriersitwillbestrongerandbetterthanever.JustasStThomasAquinasputitThereisnothingonthisearthmoreprizedthanfriendship.FindaTrueFriendThewriter’s61.onfriendsTruefriends62.comebynowadaysThosewhoyouregardedasyourfriendsmaymakeyoudownCharacteristicsoftruefriendshipAtruefriendwill63.youwhateverhappensAtruefriendwillkeepyoursecretsandbeagood64.65.toholdfriendship66.withyourfriendswhentheyareintroubleBesomeonewhoyourfriendscan67.68.isthekeytokeepafriendshipifyouaretheonlyonemakingefforts69.Truefriendshipcanstanduptovarious70.andgrowstrongerandbetter
Shegotupearlytobereadyforthepost.FromthesecondfloorflatshecouldseethepostmanwhenhecamedownthestreetandthelittleboyfromgroundfloorbroughtupherlettersontherareoccasionswhenanythingcamE.Todayshewassuretherewouldbesomething.Myrawouldn’tforgethermother’sbirthdayevenifsheseldomwroteatothertimes.OfcourseMyrawasbusy.TheoldladywasproudofMyrA.HerhusbandhadbeenmadeMayorandMyraherselfhadgotamedalforherwork.Theoldladywaseightytoday.Shehadputonherbestdress.Perhaps—perhapsMyramightcomE.Afteralleightywasaspecialbirthday.EvenifMyradidnotcomeshewouldsendapresent.Theoldladywassureofthat.Twospotsofcolourbrightenedhercheeks.Shewasexcited—likeachilD.Shewouldenjoyherday.YesterdayMrs.Morrisonhadgiventheflatanextracleanandtodayshehadbroughtacardandabunchofflowerswhenshecametodothebreakfast.Mrs.GrantdownstairshadmadeacakeandintheafternoonshewasgoingdowntheretoteA.ThelittleboyJohnniehadbeenupwithapacketofmintsandsaidhewouldn’tgoouttoplayuntiltheposthadcomE.Iguessyou’llgetlotsofpresents.hesaiD.Whatwouldshelike?A.pairofslippersperhaps.Oranewcoat.A.coatwouldbelovely.Blue’ssuchaprettycolour.JimhadalwayslikedheinbluE.Oratablelamp.Orabookatravelbookwithpicturesoralittleclockwithclearblacknumbers.Somanylovelythings.注意1所续写短文的词数应为150左右2应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语’3续写部分分为两段每段的开头语已为你写好4续写完成后请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语Paragraph1:Shestoodbythewindowwatching___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Almostunwillinglyshetoretheenvelopeopen.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Alecturerwasgivingalecturetohisstudentsonstressmanagement.HeraisedaglassofwaterandaskedtheaudienceHowheavydoyouthinkthisglassofwateris?Allofthestudentstriedtoanswerandtheiranswersrangedfrom20gto500g.Itdoesnotmatterontheabsoluteweight.Itdependsonhowlongyouholdit.IfIholditforaminuteitisOK.IfIholditforanhourIwillhaveanacheinmyrightarm.IfIholditforadayyouwillhavetocallanambulancE.ItistheexactsameweightbutthelongerIholdittheheavieritbecomes.Ifwecarryourburdensallthetimesoonerorlaterwewillnotbeabletocarryontheburdenisbecomingincreasinglyheavier.Whatyouhavetodoistoputtheglassdownandrestforawhilebeforeholdingitupagain.Wehavetoputdowntheburdenperiodically周期性地sothatwecanberefreshedandareabletocarryon.OtherwiseIthinkthatwewillbreakdownonthehalfwayandcan’trealizeourdreamsasweplanneD.AllofusshouldreallykeepthisinminD.Sobeforeyoureturnhomefromworktonightputtheburdenofworkdown.Don’tcarryitbackhomE.Youcanpickituptomorrow.Whateverburdensyouarehavingnowonyourshouldersletitdownforamomentifyoucan.Ifyoudolikethisyoucangreatlyimproveyourworkefficiency效率andlifequality.Lifeisshort;let’senjoyittothefullest!TitlelHowtoRelaxOurselvesThemelPutdowntheburdentoget66_____________Thelecturer’squestionlHowheavyistheglassofwater?lThequestionwasraisedon67___________stress.Thestudents’answerslThestudentsgaveanswersrangingfrom20gto500g.Thelecturer’sexplanationslTheweightoftheglassofwater68______onthetimeofholdingit.lThelongeryouholdittheheavieritwillbecomE.lHolditforaminuteandyouwillfeel69_____________.lIfyouholditforanhouryourrightarmwillachE.lAnambulancewillhavetobe70________ifyouholditforaday.lIfwecarrytheburdentoolongwewillbe71___________tocarryon.ThemethodstorelaxlTorelaxyoumustputtheglassdown.lAftera72__________holdtheglassupagain.lPutdowntheburden73__________togetrefreshedtocarryon.Thewriter’s74_______lPutdowntheburdenofworkbeforeyougohomeandpickituptomorrow.lLetdowntheburdenonyour75_________torestforawhilE.lEnjoyyourlife
IDsystemsareusedasameansforpeopletoprovetheiridentityasameansofaccesscontrolorformanyothersituations.IDcardsalsocontainalotmoreinformationthansimplythenameoftheholder.AllIDcardscontaininformationthatisrelevanttotheinstitutionthatreleasedthemsothereisnosinglemodelthatappliestoallIDcards.DifferentinstitutionshavedifferentruleswhenitcomestoIDcardsandIDcardsusedbystudentsinuniversitieswillnothavethesamesecurityfeaturesasthoseusedinthemilitaryforexamplE.Themoreimportanttheinstitutionisthemoreimportantthesecurityisandthemoresecurityfeatureswillbeusedtopreventduplication复制ofanIDcarD.AnyonewithaprinterthatcanprintIDcardscanduplicateinIDcardifitdoesnothaveanysecuritymeasures.TherehavebeenlotsofcasesespeciallyinlowsecurityinstitutionswhereIDcardshavebeenduplicatedandthiswasnotnoticedsincethepersonholdingthecardusuallyflasheditwhenitwasrequestedandthatwasnotenoughtonoticethatitisafakE.Thatmaynotbeextremelyimportantwhenitissimplyacaseofastudenttryingtoenterthecampusofanotheruniversitybutitcanbeofvitalimportanceifithappensinamilitaryinstitution.ChecksinmilitaryinstitutionsaremuchstricterandthepersonnelcheckingthecardarealwaystrainedtospotfakesinashortamountoftimE.SomemaythinkthatcreatinganIDcardisextremelydifficultbutitisnot.AllittakesisaspecialprinterthatcanprintIDcardsamodelandaphotoID.ThefactthatsuchprinterscanbefreelyorderedonlinehasraisedsecurityissueswithlotsofcompaniesandinstitutionsandmosthavedecidedtoeithercreatetheirownIDcardsorsimplyusemoreadvancedsecurityfeaturesthatregularhome-usersdonothaveaccessto.Thisincludesmagneticstripes磁条chipsbarcodes条形码andothermethods.Thisdoesincreasethecostofthecardperpersonsothetotalcostofthecardsincreasesbasedonthenumberofemployeesthecompanyhasbutitalsoreducessecurityriskstoaminimum.SoIDsystemsasbasicastheyseemareanexcellentsecuritymeasureforanyinstitution.ToensurethattheIDslookgoodandfunctionproperlythecompanythathandlesthecardprintingservicesshouldbetop-class.TryingtosavesomemoneybychoosingacheaperproviderisnotreallywisE.Whilesomecompaniesofferbonusesforlargeordersifthequalityprovidedisnotofthehigheststandarditisnotworthit.IDsystemsPassageoutlineSupportingdetails56.______toIDsystemThereisnotasinglemodel57._____toallIDcardsbecauseofdifferentinformationcontainedindifferentIDcards.Differentsecurityfeaturesaredecidedbythedegreeofthe58.____oftheinstitutionsSecurityfeaturesofIDcardsWithnosecuritymeasuresquitealotof59.______ofIDcardduplicationhavehappeneD.InamilitaryinstitutionIDcardsare60._____morestrictly61._______ofIDcardsItisnot62.______tomakeIDcardswithspecialprinters.Usingmagneticstripeschipsandbarcodes63.______thesafetyofIDcards.Theauthor’sadvice64._______basicandsimpleIDsystemsareanexcellentsecuritymeasurE.It’swiseto65._____top-classprovidersorservicestoensureIDcardsofafinequality.
OftentheimportanceofhavingdinnerwiththewholefamilyatthedinnertableisstrengtheneD.Wearetoldthatafamilythateatstogetherstaystogether;weevenfollowitbymakingthewholefamilysitinfrontofthetelevisionwhileeating.Isitright?Wrong.Televisiondoesnothingtohelpmakefamilyrelationshipsbetter.Infactitonlywidensthegapbetweenthemembersofthefamilyespeciallyparentsandchildren.It’sthusbettertositatthedinnertablE.Familydinnersshouldincludeanotherimportantpart―conversationsthatcreateapleasantatmospherE.HoweverIt’softendifficulttostartaconversationatafamilydinner.Moreovermanypeoplemakethemistakeofraisingcontroversial有争议的topicsatdinnertimecausingoneormoremembersorthewholefamilytolosetheirappetitE.Soitisimportanttokeepinmindsomefamilydinnerconversationideas.Itoftenserveswelltostarttheconversationrightbeforedinnersothatsettingthetableandotherhouseworkmaybecomelessboring.Doingthingstogetherwhetheritistalkingorlayingthetablecanmakefamilymembersfeelinterestedsothattherearenoembarrassingmomentswhenpeopleareactuallyeating.Youcanalsochangethetopicifyoufeelthatitmightstartargumentsanddestroyeveryone’sappetitE.Childrenareusuallyverygoodatsharinginformationanddon’tknowexactlyhowtoreplywhenyouaskthemquestionslikeHowwasschooltoday?Somakesureyouknowmoreaboutthemthanjustthefactthattheygotoschool―likewhichbooktheyarereadingormovietheywatchedrecentlyoraskthemabouttheafter-classactivitiesthattheymightbetakingpartin.Familydinnersshouldbepositiveandconversationsduringdinnertimeshouldencouragefamilymemberstoeatwell.AllcontroversialtopicsshouldbeavoidedatdinnertimE.Thereareplentyofothertimeswhensuchtopicscanbediscussedbutdinnertimeisn’ttherighttimE.Actuallyifyouhaveanyfunnystoriesthathappenedinyourdailylifethat’sthetimewhenyoucanhaveagoodlaughoverthemwithothers.Itisalsoagoodideatolookbackonyourchildhoodmemorieswithyourfamilymembers.Theyespeciallyyourchildrenwillfeelexcitedaboutthecrazysometimesstupidthingsthatyoudidaschildren.Inshortitisalwaysnecessarytochoosetherighttopicsforfamilydinnerconversation.FamilyDinnerConversationsParagraphoutlineSupportingdetails71▲aboutthefamilydinner◇WatchingTVwhileeatingtogethermakesthegapbetweenthefamilymembers72▲.◇Talkingaboutsomethingcontroversialwhileeatingtogetherresultsin73▲ofappetitE.IdeasaboutfamilydinnerconversationStartearly.◇Begintotalkbeforedinnertomakeeveryonefeel74▲indoingthehouseworkrelatedtothedinner.◇Don’ttalkaboutwhatmaymakefamilymembers75▲witheachotheranddestroytheirappetitE.Careaboutchildren◇Youneedtohaveagood76▲oftheiractivitiessothatyoucantalkwithyourchildrenaboutwhattheydidoraredoing.Chooseright77▲.◇Youshouldmakesurethateveryoneis78▲toeatwellbyyourpositivetalking.◇Youshouldnotsayanythingthatiscontroversial.◇Youcan79▲informationaboutwhathappensinyourdailylifewithyourfamilymembers.◇YoucantalkaboutyourchildhoodstorieswithyourfamilywhichmaybecrazyorevenstupiD.Inawordthereismuch80▲tochoosetherighttopicsatmeals.
Whendifficultpeopleexpressthemselvesorallytheygenerallywantatleasttwothings;they'vebeenheardandthey'vebeenunderstanD.Asagoodcommunicatorshouldbeagoodlistenerfivestepsareadvocatedtowardgoodlistening.Thefirststepiscooperating合作.Howdoesadifficultpersonknowthatyou'relisteningandunderstanding?Infactit'sthroughthewayyoulookandsoundwhileheistalking.Youmayhelphimtofullyexpresshisthoughtsandfeelings.Youdothisbynoddingyourheadinagreementmakingcertainsoundsofunderstanding.Whenthepersonbeginstorepeatwhat'sbeensaidit'ssignalofStepTwo:turningback.Itmeansthatyourepeatbacksomewordsheisusingsendingaclearsignalthatyou'relisteningcarefullyandthatyouthinkwhatheissayingisimportant.Havingheardwhathehastosaythenextstepisclarifying.AtthispointyoustarttogatherinformationaboutwhatisbeingcommunicateD.Asksomeopen-endedquestionswhichwillallowyoutofigureouthisintention.Thefourthstepistosummarizewhatyou'vehearD.ThisallowsyoutomakesurethatbothyouandthedifficultpersonareonthesamepagE.Whenyoudothistwothingshappen.Firstifyou'vemissedsomething.hecanfillinthedetailsSecondyou’veshownthatyou'remakinganefforttounderstandcompletely.Thisincreasesthepossibilityofgainingcooperationfromhim.Havinglistenedcarefullyyou'venowarrivedatthepointofconfirmingthathefeelssatisfiedthathisthoughtshavebeenfullyvoiceD.AskifhefeelsunderstooD.WhenenoughsincerelisteningquestioningandrememberingarebroughttogetherunderstandingisusuallyachievedandadifficultpersonbecomeslessdifficultandmorecooperativE.Topic1tounderstandReasonDifficultpeoplehopetheyhavebeenheardand2whentheyexpressthemselves.3onlistening◆4______inagreementandmakesomesoundsofunderstandingwhileadifficultpersonisspeaking.◆Repeatsome5______thatyouhavehearD.◆Collectinformationabouttheperson'sexpressionsandfindhis6______.◆Givea7______ofwhatthepersonhassaiD.◆Confirmthatthepersongains8______withyoubecauseyouspeakinghisthoughts.ResultAdifficultpersonwillbe9______tocooperatewithifunderstandingisachieveD.CommentYoumayunlockthedoorstodifficultpeople's10afteryoulistenandunderstand
DefinitionsofliteraturehavevariedovertimE.Infactitisaculturallyrelativedefinition.OnceinWesternEuropeliteratureindicatedallbooksandwriting.DuringtheRomanticperioditbegantorefertoimaginativeliteraturE.Nowadaysliteratureisseenasatermusedtodescribewrittenorspokenmaterialincludingallofthefollowing.Poetryusesrhythmicqualitiesoflanguagetobringoutmeaningsinadditiontoorinplaceofunimaginativesurfacemeaning.Poetryhastraditionallybeendistinguishedfromprosebyitsbeingsetinverse颠倒proseiscastinsentencepoetryinlines.Novelistypicallywritteninanarrative叙事styleandpresentedasabook.Novelstellstoriesinwhichthecharactersandeventsareusuallyimaginary.ThenovelhasbeenapartofhumancultureforoverathousandyearsalthoughitsoriginsaresomewhatdebateD.Regardlessofhowitbeganthenovelhasremainedoneofthemostpopularandtreasuredexamplesofhumancultureandwriting.ItremainsanessentialpartoftheliteraryculturesofnearlyallsocietiesaroundtheworlD.NovellaisclassifiedasTooshorttobeanoveltoolongtobeashortstory.Thereisnoprecisedefinitionintermsofwordorpagecount.Literaryprizesandpublishinghousesoftenhavetheirownarbitrarylimitswhichvaryaccordingtotheirparticularintentions.Ashortstoryisdifferentfromnovelsornovellasinthattheplotisusuallytiedtoonesinglechainofevents.Becausethereadermustidentifywithacharacterquicklytobecomeengagedthetaleisoftentoldfromthechiefcharacter’spointofview.Adramareferstoaplayforthetheatretelevisionorradio.Itgenerallyconsistsofchieflydialoguebetweencharacters.ItalsousesdancetoconveytheirmessagE.Dramasusuallyaimatdramaticperformanceratherthanatreading.IntheateradramaispresentedbyactorstoanaudiencE.Goodliteraryworksdependonliterarytechniques.A.literarytechniquecanbeusedbyauthorsinordertoimprovethewrittenframeworkofapieceofliteratureandproducespecificeffects.Literarytechniquesincludeawiderangeofapproachestocraftingawork.Theabilitytoletreadersknowwhatmighthappeninthefutureinanindirectwayispossiblethroughthetechniqueforeshadowing.Thepracticeofrepresentingobjectsandqualitiesashumanbeingsinliteratureispersonification.Symbolismistheuseofsymbolstorepresentideas.LiteratureDefinitionsofliteratureDefinitionsofliteraturehavekept71__________allthetimE.Theyareconnectedwith72__________Amongthemarebooksandwriting‘imaginative’literatureandwrittenorspokenmaterial.73ofliteraturePoetrywithrhymeusesunusualwordorderinlineswhichmaybeabarriertoseewhatit74_________Anoveltakestheformofabooktalkingaboutwhatis75__________upbythewriter.Thenovellaasforlengthexists76__________thenovelandshortstory.Ashortstorytellsacomparatively77__________storycomparedwithnovelsandnovellas.Dramasareperformedratherthanreadwiththeideasexpressedeitherorallyor78__________.LiterarytechniquesGiveawarningorsignofa79__________eventbyusingthetechniquecalledforeshadowing.Whenpersonificationisusedsomethingwithout80__________istreatedasifitwereahumanbeing.Symbolismisthepracticeofrepresentingthingsbymeansofsymbols.
Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.WhentheInternetpowerhouseYahoowantedtoteachethicstoitsemployeesitfacedachallengefamiliartomultinationalcompanies.Yahooemploysnearly14000peopleat25sitesworldwidE.Theywouldfeelboredatsittingdowninfrontofadatedvideoinwhichactorswith1980shaircutstellthemwhattodo.SoithiredacompanycalledTheNetworktodesignagamE.InthegamethetruckwhereYahoowasfoundedtraveledtheworldturningintoaboatandahelicopteralongthewayasitvisitedsomeofYahoo'sforeignoffices.Participantsplayingameshow-likescenariosthatquizthemaboutconflictsofinterestanddoingbusinessfairly.Andemployeesnote:Yahooistrackinghowwelltheydo.Suchactivitiesdrawmoreenthusiasticparticipationandteachmoreeffectivelythantraditionalmethods.Theyaredescribedasalternative-realitygamesARGsinvolvingbothinteractiveandreal-worldelements.BesidesteachingemployeesARGshavealsobeenusedinmanyareasforanumberofdifferentpurposes.FromamarketingperspectiveanumberofverysuccessfulARGshavebeenwrittenasawaytobuildproductawareness.A.verypopularARGcalledILoveBeeswasproducedtomarketthe2004videogameHalo2.AtitsheightILoveBeesreceivedbetweentwotothreemillionuniquevisitorsoverthecourseofthreemonths.ARGsaremorethanjustafunwaytolearn.Theyhavealsobeenusedtosolverealworldproblems.AnARGcalledWorldWithoutOilwascreatedtoobtaincollectiveinputfromplayersaboutdealingwiththeworld'sdependencyonoil.WorldwithoutOilsimulatesthefirst32daysofaglobaloilcrisisandanybodycouldplaybycreatingapersonalstorythatrecordedtheimaginedrealityoftheirlifeinthecrisis.WorldWithoutOil'ssuccessonasmallbudgethasopenedthedoorforsimilargamestoengagemainstreamInternetuserswithclimatechangeeducationreformgovernmentalpolicyandothertimelyvitalissues.Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS.78.Whatchallengedidyahoofaceinteachingethicstoitsemployees?___________________________________________________________79.Inthegamedesignedforyahooparticipantshadtoanswerquestionsabout________.80.WhatarethethreemajorfunctionsofARGmentionedinthepassage?__________________________________________________________81.ThesuccessofWorldWithoutOilsuggeststhatARGscan________.
Commercialadvertisementwasoncethoughtofasatechniqueofthemarketerstoinformthepotentialbuyersabouttheavailabilityofcertainproducts.Itwasseenmoreasamediumtoinformthebuyersratherthanpersuadethemtobuy.Thepresentdaymarketersseeadvertisementasamediumtodamagetheimageoftheircompetitorsandtheirproducts.ThisindeedisanundesirableandanimmoralpracticE.Insteadofspeakingabouttheirownproductsthesemarketersspeakaboutthedrawbacksoftenwithoutanybasicsofthecompetingproducts.PeoplewatchingTVadvertisementswouldnoticethattherehasalwaysbeenanadvertisementwarbetweenthemarketersofdifferentconsumergoods.A.fewsuchcasesaregivenbelow.1.ParachuteCoconutOilvs.V.V.D.GoldSometimebacktheproducerofV.V.DGoldCoconutOilclaimedintheirTVadvertisementthatonlytheirproductswassuperiorandtheonesoldinbluecolourbottlesthereferencewastoParachutecoconutoilwassuitableonlyforun-naturalhair.2.TataSaltvs.CaptainCookTatasaltwasfirstiodised碘处理saltmarketedbyanIndianCompany.Ithasbeenenjoyingagoodandsteadymarket.CaptainCookanotherproducerofiodisedsaltwhoenteredthemarketlaterhadtoadoptsomestrategytogetcontrolofthemarket.TheTVadvertisementofCaptainCookstressedon‘Freeflow’oftheirsaltwhentransferredtoacontainer.TheproducerofTataSaltretaliated报复bysayingthattheclaimofCaptainCookwasatrickandthosewhowerequalityconsciousshoulddealwithitwithcaution.3.Pepsivs.CocoColaCocaColawasselectedastheofficialsoftdrinkfortheWillsWorldCricket1996.WhenthecricketserieswasonthemarketersofPepsiconstantlyadvertisedonTV.TheiradvertisementgavetheideathatthecricketerspreferredonlyPepsiandasamatteroffacttherewasnothingofficialaboutit.4.Horlicksvs.ComplanSometimebacktheTVadvertisementofComplanahealthdrinkdirectlyattackedHorlickswhichhasbeeninthemarketforseveraldecades.TheclaimofComplanwasthattheirbrandwhichaccordingtothemwasBrandChasahigherpercentageofingredients材料comparedtoBrandHreferencewasnothingbuttoHorlicks.Theaboveexamplesclearlyshowhowthetechniqueofadvertisementismisusedbysomemarketerstoruintheimageoftheircompetitors.ThiscertainlyisnotahealthytrenD.Anymarketershouldonlyspeakabouthisproductsandnotabouthiscompetitors’products.Theawarenessofconsumershascertainlyincreasedovertheyearsandtheyarenolongereasilytakenin.TherearemanyconsumerproductslikesaltoilshavingbladesetC.Butonethingforsureisthatofferingthesameproductinadifferentcontainerwillnotmaketheproductdifferent.MassmedialikeRadioTelevisionandnewspapershouldnotallowadvertisementsthattelllies.Legalregulationsinthisregardshouldalsobemadestricter.ComparisonofthepastandthepresentofadvertisementsInthepastAtpresentAtechniquemainlyusedforoffering55.Atrickusedasameansofunfair56.The57.ofadvertisement58.ProductsWrongpracticesV.V.D.GoldWhenV.V.DGoldattackedtheonesoldinbluebottlesit59.toParachuteCoconutoil.CaptainCookCaptainCookstressedontheirfreeflowwhentheirproductwas60.toacontainer.TataSaltTatasaltretaliatedbywarningconsumerstobe61.aboutthequality.PepsiToomuchadvertisementonTVseemedtosaythatthecricketershada62.forPepsi.ComplanBrandC.claimedthattheirproductwasmuchricheriningredientsin63.withBrandH.Solutions64.products.arenotallowedtobementionedintheadvertisement.Stricterlawsshouldbemadetoprotecteveryproducers’andconsumers’benefits.
Howdoyoufeelaboutyourbody?Doyouloveyourbody?Somepeopleespeciallywomenareunhappywithsomepartoftheirbodies.Theyspendalotoftimecriticizingtheirbodies.Mystomachisbig!Myhipsaretoowide!Isimplyhatemybody!Somepeoplenotonlysharethesethoughtswiththemselvesbutsharethemwithanyonewhowilllisten.Whenyouspeaknegativelyaboutyourselfandyourbodyyouinstill灌输negativethoughtsthattakeawayyourconfidenceandself-worth.Thesethoughtscanhaveagreatimpactonyourgoalshowyoutreatyourselfandhowyoufeelaboutyourbodyandyourself.Plusyoualsoopenthedoorforotherstospeaknegativelyaboutyou.Soyounotonlyhavetofightwithhowyoufeelaboutyourselfbuthowothersfeelaboutyouaswell.Thereforethenexttimethosenegativethoughtsandcommentscomereplacethemwiththosepositivethoughts!ForexampleinsteadofsayingmystomachisbigtrysayingsomethingpositivelikeIwishmystomachwasflatterbutIhavesomeshapelylegs.Ifyou’restillhavingahardtimetogiveyourbodyloveandappreciationitneedsthenconsiderhowmuchworkyourbodyputsinforyou.Youmayhateyourarmsbuttheycangivethetightesthugstoyourchildren.Thenexttimeyoutalknegativelyaboutyourlegsthinkaboutthosewhodon’thavelegsatall.Anattitudeofgratitudeissoimportant!StartyourmorningbylookinginthemirrorandtellingyourselfhowbeautifulyouarE.Fromyourheadtoyourtoesandeverypartofityouarebeautiful.Todayisthedaywhenyouacceptappreciateandloveyourbody—youonlygetone!ProblemSomepeopletendto1.▲theirownbodies.2.▲●3.▲inlossofconfidenceandself-worth●Affectingyourgoalsthewayyoutreatyourselfandyour4.▲aboutyourbodyandyourself●Causingothersto5.▲negativelyofyou6.▲●Tryingtothinkofthe7.▲partsofyourbodywhennegativethoughtscome●Keepingtellingyourselftheimportant8.▲yourbodyplaysinyourlife●Learningtobe9.▲youhavesomethingthatotherspossiblydon’thave●Appreciatingyour10.▲inthemirroreverymorningSummaryYoushouldacceptappreciateandloveyourbodyeverydaybecauseyouonlygetone!
Youwanttopassontohim/herasthefoundationforyourrules.Selectthemostimportantmatterstomakerulesabout.Ifyouwantyourkidstosticktotherulesmakethemparticipateinsettingthemup.Assoonaschildrenbegintounderstandthingsaroundthemmakethemtakepartinthediscussionaboutsettinguprules.Ifyou’veallotted分配anhoureverydayforwatchingtelevisionexplaintothechildwhyyouthinkit’saproperduration.Tellthemwhatthey’dhavetodofortherestofthetimE.AllottingtimeforhomeworkplayingwithfriendsetC.mustbedonewiththechild’sparticipation.Youcanalsoexplaintheneedtohaveaparticularruleandtheconsequencesofdisobeyingtheruleduringthisdiscussion.TheruleswillthenbecomemoreeffectivE.OncethelistofrulesisreadymakeanartworkoutofitandensurethatthekidsgettoseeiteasilywhilegoingaboutthehousE.Youcanhangitupbehindthedoortotheirroom.Revisetheruleswheneverthereisneednotveryfrequentlythough.Afterafewmonthswhenyouseethatthekidsaretakingtoacertainrulequiteeasilyandwithoutsupervisionyoumaypraisethemforitandgetridofthatrulefromthelist.Youjustneedtoemphasizethatwhileyou’reproudthattheruleneedsnoremindingit’sstillanunwrittenrulE.Theseactionswillenablethekidstoplaceyouintheircircleoftrust.Enforcement执行ofrulesispossibleonlyifthereareclearconsequencesfordisobeyingthem.Ensurethatyourkidsunderstandthattheconsequenceisthepricetheyhavetopayforbreakingtherulesandit’snotapunishment.Notfollowingtherulewillresultinaminorormajorinconveniencesomakesureyouexplaintheconsequencesclearlyinadvanceandstartwithwarningsbeforestrictlyenforcingtherules.Ensurethatnoneofyourconsequencesfordisobeyingtherulesborder近似于onabusiveparenting.Forexampletakeofftherulethatsays—ifyoudon’tgethomeby11atnightmakearrangementstostayelsewhereuntilmorning.LethelpingwithminorhouseholdchoresorcleaninguptheirownroometC.serveasconsequencesfordisobeyingrules.Withthesetipsonhowtomakehouseruleshopeyoucandirectyourchildtobecomearesponsibleandindependenthumanbeing.TipsforbuildinghouserulesParagraphoutlinesSupportingdetailsKeepthehouserules71andfew.●72therulesonyourchild’smaturitylevelandthetargetvalues.●Makerulesaboutthemostimportantmatters.73kidsinsettinguptherules.●74withchildrenwhenmakingrules.●Givechildrenaclear75ofthereasonsfortherulesandtheconsequencesofdisobeyingtherules.Showtherulesinthe76ofanartwork.●Putupthelistofruleswhereitcanbe77easily.●Maketherulesrevisedwhen78butnotveryfrequently.●79therulesthatthechildrencanfolloweasilyfromthelist.Makekidsunderstandtheconsequencesfordisobeyingthem.●Makeyourkidshaveaproper80oftheconsequence--it’snotapunishmentbutakindofpricE.●WarnthekidsoftheconsequencesinadvancE.●Don’tmakeabusingkidsactastheconsequencesfordisobeyingtherules.
Chronicdisorganization慢性失序症occurswhenoneishabituallydisorganizedoveralongperiodwhichmeansthepersonisconstantlyunsystematicinhowheconductslifeandbusiness.Onesufferingfromthisproblemmayfindreliefinthefactthatitisn’tactuallyadiseaseorevenanofficialdisorder.It’sthecontinuedlackoforganizationinone’slifE.Someonemaybecomeaddictedtocollectingacertainthingyetneverorganizethecollectionasitgrowsoutofcontrol.Thiscanespeciallybeaproblemforthosewithalotoftimeandmoneyathandyettheproblemcanbeseriousforanytypeofpersoninawidevarietyofsituation.One’spersonalattitudecanoftenbeabigpartofwhythechronicdisorganizationexists.Oncetheattitudeofacceptanceaboutbeingaslobisinsomeone’sheadit’shardtoremovE.Ifsomeonetellshimselfthatheisaslobhewilllikelyliveuptothatself-imagecreatedbyhimorbythosearoundhim.Onefirstreceivestrueawarenessofthedisorderofchronicdisorganizationwhenitstartstonegativelyaffectrelationshipswithfriendsandfamilymembers.EverybodybecomesaffectedbythissituationespeciallythosesharinglivingplaceswiththeoneinvolveD.TheNationalStudyGroupforChronicDisorganizationHSGCDrecommendsthatonegethelpthroughaprofessionalorganizer.Thestudyfoundthatallofthesubjectsinthestudyhadproblemswithmakingdecisions.Therewerevariedreasonsgivenforthisproblemofdecision-making.Amongthemwerefearsandprioritizingissues.Researchisongoingforthelinkbetweenproblemsindecision-makingandchronicdisorganization.Chronicdisorganizationoftenbeginswithsituationaldisorganizationsomethingmostpeopleexperienceatsomepoint.SomeonewhohaslostsomeonesignificanttohimmaystarttobetroubledbydisorganizationafteradivorcE.SomeonewhoexperiencedchangesinlifeandinhiscareermayintendtoletthingslikeorganizationandorderfallbythewaysidE.Howeveronedoesn’tinstantlyhavechronicdisorganization.Ifyou’regoingthroughhellkeepgoing.That’sanoldsayingthat’strueaboutone’sstruggleswithchronicdisorganization.Everypersonhasthepowertochangewithinhimself.It’samatterofstayingorganizedonedayatatimE.Thosewhohaveleftchronicdisorganizationinthepasthaveoftendonesobypromisingtostayorganizedsimplyforthatsingleday.71_____▲_____◆Itmeansthatthepersonhasan72____▲_____ofbeingdisorganizedinlifeandbusinessoveralongperioD.Recognizingtheproblem◆Oneexampleisthatanaddict73___▲____toorganizethecollection.◆The74_____▲______ofchronicdisorganizationispartlyaffectedbyone’spersonalattitudE.◆Onedoesn’trealizethedisorderofchronicdisorganizationuntilithas75_____▲______effectsontherelationshipswithfriendsandfamilymembers.The76___▲___ofthestudy◆Allsubjectsinthestudysufferfromtheproblemofpoordecision-makingwhichis77_____▲_____withchronicdisorganization.Warning78__▲__◆Losingsomeonesignificant79_____▲_____adivorceorchangesinone’slifeandcareer.Goodnews◆Wheninstrugglewithchronicdisorganizationeverypersonhasthe80_____▲______tochangeatleastonesingledayatatimE.
TravelingabroadduringthevacationisthetopchoiceofmanyChinesepeoplE.Butdowehavegoodmannersabroad?OnFeb25areportsaidthataChinesemotherletherchildpee小便infrontofashopinTokyo.A.journalistcametothemother.Insteadofsayingsorrythewomansaidthatherchildhadpeedinsideaplasticbagandhadnotmadethefloordirty.ThiscasehascausedabigdiscussionaboutChinesepeople'stravelingmannersagain.InrecentyearsimproperbehaviorhasbecomearealembarrassmentforChinaasoverseastourismincreases.WiththeimprovementoflivingstandardsmoreandmoreChinesearetravelingabroaD.ButtherearestillanumberofChineselackingin缺乏asenseofpublicmanners.ForthissituationtheChinesegovernmenthassuggestedpropermanners.TheNationalTourismAdministrationhasmadealistoftourists'worstbehaviorsincludinglitteringline-jumpingtakingoffshoesandsocksinpublicspeakingloudlyandsmokinginnon-smokingareas.WearegoingtoimprovetheinnerbeingofeveryChinesecitizen.Travelingmannersareaturningpoint.saidanofficial.Andchangeshavebeguntoappear.MostpeoplemindedtheirbehaviorsduringthisSpringFestivalholidayaccordingtotheNationalTourismAdministration.Theykepttheirvoicedownwaitedinlineandrespectedlocalrules.51.Didthemothersaysorryforherchild'sbehavior?_________________________________________________________________52.Whatisthebigdiscussionabout?_________________________________________________________________53.WhydidChinesegovernmentsuggestpropermanners?_________________________________________________________________54.Howmanytourists'worstbehaviorsarelistedtotheTourismAdministration?_________________________________________________________________55.Whatshouldwedotoimproveourmannerswhiletraveling?_________________________________________________________________
Inthepasttwentyyearsridingbicycleshasbecomemoreandmorepopularamongpeopleofallages.3BicycleshavelongplayedanimportantpartintheliyesofAmericanyoungpeoplE.Buttodayanevengreaternumberofadultscyclealongroadsidesandbicyclepaths.Thesenewridersareoftentryingtobecomefitorloseweight.Theyhavefoundthatbicyclingisapleasantwaytostayhealthy.Thisiscertainlygoodforhealth.Butithasalsobroughtsomeproblems.WithalltheseaddedpeopleontheroadbicyclesafetyhasbecomeamatterofrealimportancE.BicyclesafetyismostlyamatterofcommonsensE.Peopleshouldrideonlyonbicyclepathswheretheywillnotbebadlyhurt.Therearealsoanumberofrulesthatridersshouldfollowespeciallywhenridingonstreetsorhighways.Bicyclistsshouldneverrideagainstthetrafficnorshouldtheycarryotherpeopleontheirbicycles.Theyarealsosupposedtorideinsinglelineonbusystreetsandtowalkbicyclesacrossthebusyintersections交叉路口.4.ByfollowingtheserulesbicycleriderswillnotonlystayhealthybutalsobesafE.InonerecentyeartheNationalSafetyCouncilreportedthat34thousandbicycleriderswerehurtinhighwayaccidents.InthatsameyearanothersixhundredriderswerekilleD.Sincetheintroductionofcrashhelmets头盔in1980thenumberofinjuries伤者anddeathsfrombicyclingaccidentshadgonedown.Todaymoreandmoreridersrealizethedangersofbicycling.Theyarewearinghelmetsandpayingcloserattentiontocyclingrules.1.Howmanyrulesshouldtheridersfollow?GiveoneexamplE._______________________________________________________________2.AccordingtotheNationalSafetyCouncil'sreportwhat'sthetotalnumberofinjuriesanddeathsinonerecentyear?________________________________________________________________B.将短文中划线部分译成汉语3._______________________________________________________________4.________________________________________________________________C.请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题5.________________________________________
ForthousandsofyearsthemostimportanttwobuildingsinanyBritishvillagehavebeenthechurchandthepuB.Infactuntilaplacehasachurchandapubitisn’treallyconsideredacommunityworthyofanamE.Traditionallythechurchandthepubareattheheartofanyvillageortownsinceitiswherepeoplegathertogiveandreceivenews.Infacttheword‘pub'isshortforpublichousE.That'showitusedtobebutthingsarebeginningtochangE.Itissaidthatthecreditdecline衰退iscausing39Britishpubsaweektogooutofbusiness.Peopledon’thavelotsofsparemoneytospendonbeer.RecentlytheUKgovernmentbannedsmokinginallpubsandthatmayalsohaveaffectedthenumberofcustomersgoingtopubs.ThisdeclineishappeningdespitethefactthatinrecentyearstheUKgovernmenthasstartedtoallowpubstostayopenafter11p.m.Previouslywith11p.m.asclosingtimecustomerswouldhavetodrinkquitequicklymeaningtheysometimesgotmoredrunkthantheywouldifallowedtodrinkslowly.TheBritishhabitofdrinkingalotveryquicklyisknownasbingedrinkinganditcausessomelong-termhealthproblemsforpeopleandproblemswithviolentcrimeforcommunities.TheUKgovernmentischangingthelawtodiscouragebingedrinkingandregularlyspendsmoneyontelevisionadvertisementstowarnpeopleoftheproblemsofdrinkingtoomuch.Inordertosavetheirbusinessespubsaretryingtochangewiththemarket.Nowthereareanumberofdifferenttypesofpubs.AsyoucanseeBritishpubsnowoffersomethingforeveryonE.A.lotofpubsusedtobeworkingmen'sclubsmeaningthatwomencouldnotusuallyenter.Todayhoweverwomencanfreelyenter99%ofpubswithoutexperiencinganyproblems.Perhapsthingsarechangingforthebetterafterall.TopicThe71____ofBritishPubCulture?The72____roleofchurchesandpubsinpeople'sdailylifeintheUK♦Peoplewon'tnameanarea73____thereisachurchandapuB.♦Theyaretheplaceswherepeoplegathertosharenews.The74_______ofthedecreaseofthepubbusiness♦Thecreditdeclineissaidtocausemanypubsto75____down.♦Nosmokingis76_______inanypubswhichmayhavehadaneffectonthebusiness.♦Thegovernmentistryinghardto77_______bingedrinking.78_______tosavethebusiness♦Pubsaremakingchangesto79____theneedsofthemarket.♦AsawomanintheUKnowadaysyoucanenjoyadrinkinalmostallthepubs.80_________Thingsarechangingforthebetterprobablyfromnowon.
InastudyjustpublishedinthejournalIntelligenceusingsearchtermssuchasstupidthingtodoBalazsAczelandhiscolleaguescompiledacollectionofstoriesdescribingstupidmistakesfromsourcessuchasTheHuffingtonPostandTMZ.Theresearchersthenhadasampleofuniversitystudentsrateeachstoryontheresponsibilityofthepeopleinvolvedtheinfluenceofthesituationtheseriousnessoftheconsequencesandotherfactors.Analysesofthesubjects’ratingsrevealedthreevarietiesofstupidmistakes.Thefirstiswhenaperson’sconfidencegoesbeyondtheirskillaswhenaPittsburghmanrobbedtwobanksinbroaddaylightwithoutwearingadisguisebelievingthatlemonjuicehehadrubbedonhisfacewouldmakehiminvisibletosecuritycameras.Theconfidence-skilldisconnectionhasbeennamedtheDunning-KrugereffectafterastudybysocialpsychologistsDavidDunningandJustinKruger.DunningandKrugerhadCornellundergraduatesperformtestsofhumorlogicandgrammarandthenratehowwelltheythinktheyperformedcomparedtoothersubjectsinthestudy.Theworstperformingsubjectswhosescoresputtheminthe12thpercentileestimatedthattheyhadperformedinthe62ndpercentilE.SummarizingthefindingsDunningnotedPoorperformers—andweareallpoorperformersatsomethings—failtoseetheflawsintheirthinkingortheanswerstheylack.Whenwethinkweareatourbestissometimeswhenweareatourobjectiveworst.Asanynumberofpoliticalscandalsillustratethesecondtypeofstupidmistakeinvolvesimpulsiveacts—whenweseemunabletokeepourbehaviorincheck.InthescandalthatbecameknownasWeinergateformerU.S.representativeAnthonyWeinersentbluetextsandpicturesofhimselftowomenhemetonFacebook.AfterresigningWeinercontinuedhiscyber-dalliancesandthenfellpreytotheDunning-Krugereffectwhenheoverestimatedhissupportinthe2013NewYorkCitymayoralprimary;hereceived5%ofthevotE.Thefinalvarietyofstupidmistakeinvolvesfailingtoconcentrate—HomerSimpsonesqueD’ohmoments.AsarguablythebestexamplefromAmericansportshistoryinthe1929RoseBowlUniversityofCaliforniastarRoyRiegelsrecoveredafumble失误球andreturnedit65yardsthewrongway.Riegel’smistakesetupasafetyforGeorgiaTechwhichturnedouttobethedecidingfactorintheopponent’svictory.Aczelandcolleagues’analysesrevealedthatsubjectsviewedthiscategoryofstupidmistakeastheleaststupiD.Itisofcourseunrealistictothinkthatwecouldevereliminatehumanerror.Toerrwillalwaysbehuman.Howeverthisresearchgivesusabetterdescriptionofourfailingsandweaknessesandaplacetostartinthinkingaboutinterventionsandprescriptionstohelpuserrless.Thisresearchalsoremindsusofoursharedhumanweaknesses.Wealltendtooverestimateourabilitiestomakeimpulsivedecisionsandtofailtokeepattention.Thissimplerealizationmakesstupidmistakesseemperhapsalittlelessstupid—andalittlemorehuman.Title:Whyyoumakebreathtakinglystupidmistakes71_____oftheresearch●Compilingstoriesaboutstupidmistakesfromsomesources.●RatingthestoriesonthefactorslikeresponsibilitiesinfluencesetC.●72__________howthesubjectsratethestories.TypesofstupidmistakesConfidence–skilldisconnection●Ithappenswhenconfidence73______skill.Eg:A.manrubbinglemonjuiceonhisfacerobbedbanksby74______hisheadinthesandlikeanostrich鸵鸟.●Theoutcomemaybejustthe75_________whenweoverestimateourskills.Impulsiveacts●Wecannotputourbehaviorunder76____________.Eg.Weinerdisturbedwomenbysendingbluetextsandpictureswhichputhimatadisadvantageinmayoralprimary.77__________ofattention●Thoughviewedastheleaststupiditcanbeadecidingfactorinmaycases.Eg.RoyRiegel’srunningthewrongwaywithafumble78_________forGeogiaTechwinningthegamE.Valuesoftheresearch●Providinguswithaclearimageofourfailingsandweaknesses.●Helpinguserrlessthoughweare79__________tostayawayfromerror.●Enablingustoevaluateourabilitiesobjectivelymakerationaldecisionsandalwaysget80_______________.
Itisnoteasytofindtruefriends.Evenifyou’veconnectedwithsomeonehowdoyoureallyknowheisatruefriendAndoftenyouwillfindthatsomeonewhoyouthoughtyoucouldtrustmayhaveletyoudown.Therearewaysyoucanknowifafriendshipistrueandhowyoucanholdontothatfriend.Generallyspeakingatruefriendissomeonewhowillbethereforyounomatterwhathappens.Theywillstandbyyouthroughbadandgoodtimes.Theywillacceptyouforwhoyouarewithouttryingtochangeyouandtheywillbetheretohelpyougrowinnewways.Atruefriendwillkeepyousecretsforyoutrusthim.Theywillbehonestandbesomeoneyoucandependon.Theywilllistenandbesomeoneyoucantalkthingsoverwitheveniftheymaynothaveadvicetosharewithyou.Howeverfriendshipisatwo-waystreet.Tofindtruefriendsandkeepthemyoumustinturnbethesameaswell.Bethereforthemintheirhardtimesandsharethegoodtimeswiththem.Besomeoneyourfriendscandependonaswellandofferthemthesamethingtheygivetoyou.Afriendshipwillfallapartfastifonlyonepersonisgivingandputtingalltheeffort.Ifyouaretheonlyonemakinganeffortbehonestanditworks.Actuallytherewillbebarriersintheroadbutthatisthetestoftruefriendship.Ifitcansurvivethosebarriersitwillbestrongerandbetterthanever.JustasStThomasAquinasputitThereisnothingonthisearthmoreprizedthanfriendship.FindaTrueFriendThewriter’s59.onfriendsTruefriends60.comebynowadaysThosewhoyouregardedasyourfriendsmaymakeyoudownCharacteristicsoftruefriendshipAtruefriendwill61.youwhateverhappensAtruefriendwillkeepyoursecretsandbeagood62.63.toholdfriendship64.withyourfriendswhentheyareintroubleBesomeonewhoyourfriendscan65.66.isthekeytokeepafriendshipifyouaretheonlyonemakingefforts67.Truefriendshipcanstanduptovarious68.andgrowstrongerandbetter
TheGobiisoneoftheworld’sgreatdeserts.ThedesertbasinsoftheGobiarebounded边界限制bytheAltaimountainsandthegrasslandsofMongoliaonthenorthandbytheTibetanPlateau青藏高原tothesouthwest.ThewordGobimeansdesertinMongolian.TheGobiismostfamousinhistoryaspartofthegreatMongolempireandastheareaofseveralimportantcitiesalongtheSilkRoaD.TheGobimeasuresover1600kmsouthwesttonortheastand800kmfromnorthtosouth.Thedesertiswidestinthewest.Itcovers1.3millionsquarekilometersinareamakingitonethelargestdesertsintheworlD.MuchoftheGobiisnotsandybutiscoveredwithrock.ThedesertholdssomanyanimalssuchasGobibearthewildcamelandtheblack-tailedgazelle羚羊andissometimesvisitedbywolves.TheKerulenRiveristheGobi’slargeststream.ItflowsintosmallsaltlakesordisappearsintothesanD.Nearlyallthesoilherehasbeenremovedbythenorth-westerlywinds.Thesandandwindstormsarecommon.TheGobihascoldwintersandshorthotsummers.TheGobiiscrossedbyahighwaywhichlinksUlaanbaatawithJiningChinA.7677oneoftheworld’sgreatdesertstheGobi78bytheAltaimountainsandonthenorthandbytheTibetanPlateautothesouthwestliesinthenorthwestofChinA.79thewordofitsnamecamefromMongolian.Itacted80animportantpartinthehistoryofgreatMongolempirewhichwasfamousfortheSilkRoaD.sizethewestofthedesertiswidest.Itcovers1.3millionsquarekilometers81over1600kmsouthwesttonortheastand800kmfromnorthtosouth.animalsmanyanimalsliveonthedesertsuchasGobibear82andtheblack-tailedgazelleandissometimesvisitedbywolves.83theGobi84rockmostlyandthesoilhasbeenmovedbythenorth-westerlywinD.ThelargeststreamisKerulenRiverwhichflowsinto85atlast.Thesandstormcoldwintersandshorthotsummersareverycommon.
ThrowthebottlesandboxesofdrugsoutofyourhousE.A.newtheorysuggeststhatmedicinecouldbebadforyourhealthwhichshouldatleastcomeasgoodnewstopeoplewhocannotaffordtobuyexpensivemedicinE.Thisnewtheoryarguesthathealingisatourfingertips:wecanbehealthybydoingYogaonaregularbasis.Supportersofmedicaltreatmentarguethatmedicineshouldbetrustedsinceitiseffectiveandscientificallyproven.TheysaythatthereisnoneedforspiritualmethodssuchasYogA.ThesewasteourtimesomethingwhichisquitepreciousinourmaterialworlD.ThereismedicinethatcankillourpainxraysthatshowusourbonesorMRIthatscansourbrainfortumors肿瘤.WemustadmitthatthesemethodsareveryeffectiveintheexamplesthattheyprovidE.HowevertherearesomeeverydaycomplaintssuchasbackpainsheadachesinsomniawhicharetreatedcurrentlywithmedicinE.WhenyouhaveaheadacheyoutakeanAspirin;whenyoucannotsleepyoutakeXanaxwithoutthinkingofthesideeffectsofthesE.Whenyouusethesepillsforalongperiodyoubecomeaddictedtothem;youcannotsleepwithoutthem.Wepayhugeamountsofmoneyandbecomeaddictedinsteadofgettingbetter.Howaboutasaferandmoreeconomicalwayofhealing?WhendoingYogayoudonotneedanythingexceptyourenergysoitisveryeconomical.ItspopularityhasspreadparticularlythroughoutAmericaandWesternEuropE.Inquantum量子physicsenergyisrecognizedasthefundamentalsubstance物质whichtheuniverseconsistsof.Yogadependsontheenergywithinourbodies.Itisasimpleandeffectivewayofrestoringtheenergyflow.TherearenosideeffectsanditisscientificallyexplaineD.OpponentsofalternativehealingmethodsalsoclaimthatseriousillnessessuchasHIV/AIDSandcancercannotbetreatedwithoutdrugs.TheythinksobecausethesepatientsspendtherestoftheirlivesinthehospitaltakingmedicinE.HowcanYogamakethesepeoplehealthyagain?Itisveryunfortunatethatthesepatientshavetoliveinthehospitallosingtheirhairbecauseofchemotherapy化疗losingweightbecauseofthesideeffectsofthemedicinetheytakE.ActuallyitiscommonknowledgethatexceptforwhenthecancerisrecognizedatanearlystagedrugsalsocannottreatAIDSorcancer.Mostofthemedicinesthesepatientsusearetoeasetheirpainandtheirsufferings.Insteadofdrugswhichareexpensiveandhavemanysideeffectsyoucanuseyourenergytoovercomethehardshipsoflifefindanemotionalbalanceleavethestressofeverydaylifeandletgooftheeverydayworries.WeshoulddefinitelystartlearningYogaandavoidillnessesbeforeitistoolatE.Title:HealthandHealingatYourFingertips1.______toanewtheoryAnewtheoryarguesthatdoingYoga2.______cankeeppeoplehealthywhilemedicinemightdo3.________topeople’shealth.Supportofmedicaltreatment●Peopleshould4.______medicineasitisveryusefulforkillingpain.●MedicineiseffectiveandscientificallyprovenwhileYogaisakindofspiritualmethodanddoingYogaisonlya5.______oftimE.●Illnesses6.______HIV/AIDSandcancercanonlybetreatedwithdrugs.SupportofYoga●DoingYogaissaferandnotas7.______astakingmedicinE.●Mostofthemedicinesthatpatientswithsome8.______diseasesusearetoeasetheirpainandtheirsufferingsbutcannotcurethem.●Yogahasnosideeffectsandalsothereisa9.______explanation.Itcanrestoretheenergyflowinpeople’sbodieswhichcan10.________ouremotionscontrolthoughtsovercomethehardshipsoflifeleavethestressofeverydaylifeandletgooftheeverydayworries.
Mostpeoplehavesomeregretthattheyjustcan’tseemtogetridof.Butholdingontoregretaboutthepastthatcan’tbechangedcanhaveabadeffectonthepossibilityofahappyfuturE.Regretisawasteoftimeemotionandenergy.Tomakesurethatyourlifeisasuccessfuloneyouneedtotakeactiontoliveinawaythatyouhavenoregretholdingyouback.Somepeoplemakeverybigdecisionswithverylittleconsiderationatallandasaresulttheyoftenregrettheirdecisions.BeforechoosingacollegemajorgettingmarriedoracceptingajobyoumustcarefullyconsiderallconditionsandmakeawisedecisionratherthanacarelessonE.Bigdecisionsaren’ttheonlyonesthatrequireforethought预先考虑though.Beforeyoubecomeangryandsaysomethingyouwillregretlaterthinkaboutwhatyou’regoingtosay.Somethingswillbeeasytodoandsomewillbehardbutkeepyoureyesontheprizeoflivingasuccessfullifewithoutregretandyou’llfindthatachievingyourgoalsmightbeeasierthanyouthink.Butdon’tjustdaydreamaboutthosegoals—makeanactuallistwrittendowninblackandwhiteandrefertoitnowandthentoseewhatyouhavelefttodo.Whenyou’refeelinghappyandfullofenergytakingcareofyourselfisn’taproblem.Butinthosedayswhenyoufeellikecrawlingunderthebedandnevercomingoutagainyoustillmusttakecareofyourself.Youcandowhatyouwantanddon’tgetangrywithyourselfaboutyourweaknesses.Onthecontraryyoujustadmitthemandtrytochangethemandmoveon.Improvingyourmentalhealthisjustasimportantastakingcareofyourselfphysically.Keepthosewhoareimportanttoyouverycloseandbesuretoletthemknowhowimportanttheyaretoyou.Familyfriendsco-workersandpeoplewhoareascloseasyourfamiliesareyourlifelinesthatyoucandependonwheneveryouneedthemtohelpyourememberwhat’simportantinlifE.Youshouldmakesureofrepairingyourrelationshipswithyourfriendsifsomethingbadhappens.LastbutnotleastlearntogiveyourselfsomerelaxationandnottowasteyourtimeregrettingthingsyoucannotchangE.Treatthosethingsproperlyandmoveon.Lifeishardbutitisprecious.Don’twastetimeregrettingthepastoryourfuturewillgetherebeforeyouknowit.TitleLivingwithoutregretThemeRegretisanormalpartoflifE.Whatyoushoulddoistotakeactiontomakeyourlifea71▲withoutregret.72▲forgettingridofregretlRegretaboutthepastcanbadly73▲yourpossiblehappyfuturE.lRegretwastestimeemotionandenergy.74▲75▲twicebeforeyouact.Takeeverythinginto76▲considerationbeforemakingdecisionsorsayingsomething.Listthethingsyouwanttodo.lFocusyoureyesonthethingswhichwillbringyouhappiness.lPutyour77▲intopracticE.Takecareofyourself.Makesurethatyouareingood78▲bothphysicallyandmentally.Keepcloserelationships.Keepclosetothosewhoare79▲toyou.Don’tcareaboutsmallthings.Don’tregretthingsthatcannotbe80▲andtreasurethepresent-daylifE.
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