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Is Your Child’s Stomach Pain All in His Head We all know there are times that kids seem to comp...
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TheMarketingMixMarketingisatotalsystemofbusinessactivitesdesignedtoplanpricepromoteanddistributewant-satisfyingproductstotargetmarketstoachieveorganizationalobjectives.Thisdefinitionimpliesthattheentiresystemofbusinessactivitiisshouldbecustomer-orientedandamarketingprogramshouldstartwithanideaaboutanewproductandshouldnotenduntilthecustomer’swantsarecompletelysatisfiedwhichmaybesometimeafterthesaleismade.Thecombinationofthefourprimaryelementsthatcompriseacompany’smarketingprogramistermedthemarketingmix.Thedesignimplementationandevaluationofthemarketingmixconstitutethebulkofafirm’smarketingeffort.Thefourelementsofthemarketingmixare.·Product—Managingtheproductingredientincludesplanninganddevelopingtherightgoodsand/orservicestobemarketedbythecompany.Strategicdecisionsarealsoneededforchangingexistingproductsaddingnewonesandtakingotheractionsthataffecttheassortment分类ofproductscarried.Strategicdecisionsarealsoneededregardingbrandingpackagingandvariousotherproductfeatures.·Price—Managementmustdeterminetherightbasepriceforitsproducts.Itmustthendecideonstrategiesconcerningdiscountsfreight货运paymentsandmanyotherprice-relatedfactors.·Distribution—Eventhoughmarketingintermediaries中介—primarilywholesalersandretailersarelargelyanoncontrollableenvironmentalfactoranexecutivehasconsiderablelatitudewhenworkingwiththem.Management’sresponsibilityistoselectandmanagethetradechannelsthroughwhichtheproductswillreachtherightmarketattherighttimeanddevelopadistributionsystemforphysicallyhandlingandtransportingtheproductsthroughthesechannels.·Promotion—Managementneedstoinformandpersuadethemarketregardingacompany’sproducts.Advertisingpersonalsellingsalespromotionandpublicityarethemajorpromotionalactivities.Thefouringredientsinthemarketingmixareinterrelated;decisionsinoneareausuallyaffectactionsintheothers.Eachofthefouralsocontainscountlessvariables.Acompanymaymarketoneitemorseveral—relatedorunrelated.Theitemmaybedistributedthroughwholesalersordirectlytoretailersandsoon.Ultimately最后fromthemultitudeofvariablesmanagementmustselectthecombinationthatwillbestadapttotheenvironmentsatisfytargetmarketsandstillmeetmarketingandorganizationalgoals.Accordingtothelastparagraphcombinationin...managementmustselectthecombination...referstothecombinationof______
{{*HTML*}}A.GrowthofEconomy??B.ServantEconomy??C.StrengthoftheCreativeEconomy??D.WeaknessoftheCreativeEconomy??E.Giftoftalking??F.ExportofTalkingMachinesParagraph3______
ChewingGum Thepracticeofchewinggum口香糖hasbeenwithusformorethanacentury.Millionsofpeopleallovertheworldchewbillionsofpiecesofgumeveryyear. ChewinggumbecamepopularintheUnitedStatesmainlybecauseoftheworkofonemanWilliamWrigleywhoformanyyearswasheadoftheWrigleyCompany.EarlierThomasAdamsfirstbegantoexperimentwithchewingguminabouttheyear1870.Itwashewhofirstmadegumsofterandpleasanttochew.ButitwasnotuntilWrigleyenteredthebusinessinabout1890thatpeopleeverywherebegantolearnaboutchewinggumandtouseitwidely. Wrigleylikedtodothingsinabigway.Inhisfirstyearheborrowedmoneyandspentmorethanamilliondollarsonadvertising.ForyearstherewasalargeWrigley’sadvertisementineverystreetcar有轨电车intheUnitedStates.PeoplecomplainedthattheycouldnotgoanywherewithoutseeingWrigley’sname.WrigleyevensentfreeofchargepiecesofgumtoeverypersoninthetelephonebookofeverycityandtownintheUnitedStates.Finallyhebegantoadvertisethatitwasgoodforthehealthtochewgumandthatithelpedtokeeptheteethclean. HeusedtosendfreegumtoeverychildintheUnitedStatesonhissecondbirthday.Heemployedyoungwomenwhoinbeautifuldresseswouldgofromcitytocityingroupsoffourorfivestandonstreetcornersandgivefreechewinggumtoeverypersonwhopassedby.InthiswayeachwomangaveawayaboutfivethousandpiecesofWrigley’sgumeveryday.AsaresultofthiscontinuousadvertisingpeopleintheUnitedStatesnaturallybegantobuymoreandmorechewinggum. WilliamWrigleylikedtodothingsinabigway.
{{*HTML*}}A.yourownchoiceofwords??B.thewordcancer??C.thepositivesteps??D.aboutthenextstep??E.ontoomanyanswers??F.withtoomuchinformationWhenbreakingthenewsaboutyourdiagnosisyoucanhave??
ActiveinOldAgeKeepsPeopleMobile Peopleover70whoaren’tactivearemorelikelytodevelopproblemswalkingorclimbingstairswithinafewyearsaccordingtoanewstudy. Thesefindingssuggestthatit’sveryimportanttostay51inoldagestudyauthorDr.MarjoleinVissertoldReutersHealth. "Physicalactivityinoldageisasimportant52takingyourmedications药物"Vissernoted."Youdonotneedtojoinanexpensivefancysportsclubwithhigh-tech高科技的equipment.Yourbodywillalready53fromregularwalking." VisseraDutch荷兰的scholarexplainedthat54activehelpspreventpeoplefrombecomingbreathlessduringsimpleactivitiesincreasemusclemassandstrengthandmaintainthebalancepeopleneedtowalkupstairsforinstance. ToinvestigatehowimportantexerciseistoolderadultsVisser’steaminterviewed3075menand55betweentheagesof70and79allofwhomsaidtheyhadnoproblemswalkingone-quarterofamileorclimbing56.Theinvestigatorsfollowedthesubjectsfor4-1/2yearsnotingwhodevelopedproblems57andclimbingstairs. Duringthestudy34percentofmenand4758ofwomensaidtheybegantostrugglewithwalkingandclimbingstairs.People59wereinactiveweretwiceaslikelytoreporttheseproblemsaspeoplewhosaidtheygotregularexercise. Peoplewhodidn’texercisebuthadactivelifestylesappearedtobeatasomewhathigherriskofdeveloping60walkingandclimbingstairsrelativetopeoplewhoexercised61Stillleadinganactivelifestyleappearedtoprotectpeople62problemsbetterthanbeinggenerallyinactivetheresearchersreportintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatrics老年医学Society. Amongpeoplewhowereinactive63whowalkedevenalittlebitsuchasbrisk轻快的walkingforalittleoveranhourperweek-wereatalower64ofmobility可动性problems."Ifyoudonotliketoexerciseoryoucannotexercise65ofserioushealthproblemsorfunctionallimitationsdotrytobeasactiveaspossible"Visseradvised. 54
AssoonasLindawentintothedepartmentthatsoldraincoatsshesensedtherewassomethingunusualintheatmosphere.Firstofalltherewasasalesmanthereandnotasaleswoman.Thatwasveryunusualinthewomen’scoatdepartment.Thesalesmanaskedifhecouldbeofanyhelp.Butwhenshesaidshewasjustlookinghedidnotseemtobelistening.Helidnotlookverymuchlikeasalesmaneither.Asecondlateraraincoatcaughthereye.Siteaskedhimaquestionaboutit.Hedidnotevenhearheratfirst.Sheaskedagain.Shewantedtoknowifhehadanycoatslikeitwithadetachable可分离的lining.Hedidnotseemtounderstandwhatadetachableliningwas.Sheexplained.Thenshewentonlooking.Shenoticedthatthesalesmanseemedtobewatchinganothercustomerinthedepartmentallthetime.Theothercustomeramiddle-agedwomanleftthedepartment.Thesalesmanimmediatelywenttothephoneandtoldsomebodyontheotherendthatthewomanhadgoneandhaddefinitelytakentwoleatherbeltswithoutpayingforthem.ThenheturnedtoLindaandexplainedthathewasnotasalesmanatallbutastoredetective.LaterLindareadinthepaperthatawomanhadbeenarrestedforstealingsomebeltsfrontadepartmentstoreorinotherwordsforshoplifting.Thesalesman______.
Believeitornotopticalillusion错觉cancuthighwaycrashes.Japanisacaseinpoint.Ithasreducedautomobilecrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimpleopticalillusion.Bentstripescalledchevrons人字形paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyareandthusdriversslowdown.NowtheAmericanAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyinWashingtonD.C.isplanningtorepeatJapan’ssuccess.Startingnextyearthefoundationwillpaintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreducehighwaycrashes.Excessivespeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallfataltrafficaccidentsaccordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidentsthefoundationwillconductitstestsinareaswherespeed-relatedhazardsarethegreatest--curvesexitslopestrafficcirclesandbridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstraighthorizontalbarspaintedacrossroadscaninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.Howevertrafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbar.Chevronsscientistssaynotonlygivedriverstheimpressionthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyarebutalsomakealanespeartobenarrower.Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftrafficaccidents.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutstraighthorizontalbarspaintedacrossroads
{{*HTML*}}Pain??Allofushavefeltpain.Wehavecutourselves.Wehavebeenburned.Orwehavehadheadaches.Someofussufferpainrarely.?46???Paincantakecompletecontrolofourbodyandmindmakingitimpossibletomoveandeventothink.Yetweneedpain.Withoutitwewouldnotknowifwehavehurtourselves.Itisourbody’swarningsystem.?47???Painisthemostcommonreasonwegotoadoctor.Itisthemostcommonreasonwetakemedicines.Untilrecentlyhowevermostdoctorsknewofonlyafewdrugsthatstoppedsomepains.?48?Butnewknowledgeabouttheprocessofpainishelpingthemtocontrolpainbetter.??Scientistshavelearnedthatthesenseofpainismadeupofbothchemicalandelectricalsignals.?49?Scientistsalsohavelearnedthatthenervoussystemsendstwodifferentkindsofpainmessagestothebrain:oneveryfasttheotherslow.??Thefirstmessageisthewarningsignal.Itmovesataspeedof30metersasecond.Inlessthanasecondthebrainunderstandsthatpartofthebodyishurtandhowbadlyitisinjured.?50?Ittellsusnottousetheinjuredpartuntilitheals.A.Andothershavepainfulattacksallthetime.B.Thesesignalstravelfromnervecellsintheinjuredareaupthespinalcord脊髓tothebrainandbackdownagain.C.Ittellsusthatweareinjuredandshoulddosomethingaboutit.D.Theyknewlittleabouttheprocessofpainitself.E.Theothermessagemovesataspeedofonlyonemeterasecond.F.Andtheysendthesecondslowermessageofpaintothebrain.
ActiveinOldAgeKeepsPeopleMobile Peopleover70whoaren’tactivearemorelikelytodevelopproblemswalkingorclimbingstairswithinafewyearsaccordingtoanewstudy. Thesefindingssuggestthatit’sveryimportanttostay51inoldagestudyauthorDr.MarjoleinVissertoldReutersHealth. "Physicalactivityinoldageisasimportant52takingyourmedications药物"Vissernoted."Youdonotneedtojoinanexpensivefancysportsclubwithhigh-tech高科技的equipment.Yourbodywillalready53fromregularwalking." VisseraDutch荷兰的scholarexplainedthat54activehelpspreventpeoplefrombecomingbreathlessduringsimpleactivitiesincreasemusclemassandstrengthandmaintainthebalancepeopleneedtowalkupstairsforinstance. ToinvestigatehowimportantexerciseistoolderadultsVisser’steaminterviewed3075menand55betweentheagesof70and79allofwhomsaidtheyhadnoproblemswalkingone-quarterofamileorclimbing56.Theinvestigatorsfollowedthesubjectsfor4-1/2yearsnotingwhodevelopedproblems57andclimbingstairs. Duringthestudy34percentofmenand4758ofwomensaidtheybegantostrugglewithwalkingandclimbingstairs.People59wereinactiveweretwiceaslikelytoreporttheseproblemsaspeoplewhosaidtheygotregularexercise. Peoplewhodidn’texercisebuthadactivelifestylesappearedtobeatasomewhathigherriskofdeveloping60walkingandclimbingstairsrelativetopeoplewhoexercised61Stillleadinganactivelifestyleappearedtoprotectpeople62problemsbetterthanbeinggenerallyinactivetheresearchersreportintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatrics老年医学Society. Amongpeoplewhowereinactive63whowalkedevenalittlebitsuchasbrisk轻快的walkingforalittleoveranhourperweek-wereatalower64ofmobility可动性problems."Ifyoudonotliketoexerciseoryoucannotexercise65ofserioushealthproblemsorfunctionallimitationsdotrytobeasactiveaspossible"Visseradvised. 60
Obviouslythesepeoplecanbereliedoninacrisis.
Believeitornotopticalillusion错觉cancuthighwaycrashes.Japanisacaseinpoint.Ithasreducedautomobilecrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimpleopticalillusion.Bentstripescalledchevrons人字形paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyareandthusdriversslowdown.NowtheAmericanAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyinWashingtonD.C.isplanningtorepeatJapan’ssuccess.Startingnextyearthefoundationwillpaintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreducehighwaycrashes.Excessivespeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallfataltrafficaccidentsaccordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidentsthefoundationwillconductitstestsinareaswherespeed-relatedhazardsarethegreatest--curvesexitslopestrafficcirclesandbridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstraighthorizontalbarspaintedacrossroadscaninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.Howevertrafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbar.Chevronsscientistssaynotonlygivedriverstheimpressionthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyarebutalsomakealanespeartobenarrower.Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftrafficaccidents.Thepassagemainlydiscusses______.
ActiveinOldAgeKeepsPeopleMobile Peopleover70whoaren’tactivearemorelikelytodevelopproblemswalkingorclimbingstairswithinafewyearsaccordingtoanewstudy. Thesefindingssuggestthatit’sveryimportanttostay51inoldagestudyauthorDr.MarjoleinVissertoldReutersHealth. "Physicalactivityinoldageisasimportant52takingyourmedications药物"Vissernoted."Youdonotneedtojoinanexpensivefancysportsclubwithhigh-tech高科技的equipment.Yourbodywillalready53fromregularwalking." VisseraDutch荷兰的scholarexplainedthat54activehelpspreventpeoplefrombecomingbreathlessduringsimpleactivitiesincreasemusclemassandstrengthandmaintainthebalancepeopleneedtowalkupstairsforinstance. ToinvestigatehowimportantexerciseistoolderadultsVisser’steaminterviewed3075menand55betweentheagesof70and79allofwhomsaidtheyhadnoproblemswalkingone-quarterofamileorclimbing56.Theinvestigatorsfollowedthesubjectsfor4-1/2yearsnotingwhodevelopedproblems57andclimbingstairs. Duringthestudy34percentofmenand4758ofwomensaidtheybegantostrugglewithwalkingandclimbingstairs.People59wereinactiveweretwiceaslikelytoreporttheseproblemsaspeoplewhosaidtheygotregularexercise. Peoplewhodidn’texercisebuthadactivelifestylesappearedtobeatasomewhathigherriskofdeveloping60walkingandclimbingstairsrelativetopeoplewhoexercised61Stillleadinganactivelifestyleappearedtoprotectpeople62problemsbetterthanbeinggenerallyinactivetheresearchersreportintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatrics老年医学Society. Amongpeoplewhowereinactive63whowalkedevenalittlebitsuchasbrisk轻快的walkingforalittleoveranhourperweek-wereatalower64ofmobility可动性problems."Ifyoudonotliketoexerciseoryoucannotexercise65ofserioushealthproblemsorfunctionallimitationsdotrytobeasactiveaspossible"Visseradvised. 62
Itwasdifficulttosetadatewhichwasconvenientforeveryone.
{{*HTML*}}Pain??Allofushavefeltpain.Wehavecutourselves.Wehavebeenburned.Orwehavehadheadaches.Someofussufferpainrarely.?46???Paincantakecompletecontrolofourbodyandmindmakingitimpossibletomoveandeventothink.Yetweneedpain.Withoutitwewouldnotknowifwehavehurtourselves.Itisourbody’swarningsystem.?47???Painisthemostcommonreasonwegotoadoctor.Itisthemostcommonreasonwetakemedicines.Untilrecentlyhowevermostdoctorsknewofonlyafewdrugsthatstoppedsomepains.?48?Butnewknowledgeabouttheprocessofpainishelpingthemtocontrolpainbetter.??Scientistshavelearnedthatthesenseofpainismadeupofbothchemicalandelectricalsignals.?49?Scientistsalsohavelearnedthatthenervoussystemsendstwodifferentkindsofpainmessagestothebrain:oneveryfasttheotherslow.??Thefirstmessageisthewarningsignal.Itmovesataspeedof30metersasecond.Inlessthanasecondthebrainunderstandsthatpartofthebodyishurtandhowbadlyitisinjured.?50?Ittellsusnottousetheinjuredpartuntilitheals.A.Andothershavepainfulattacksallthetime.B.Thesesignalstravelfromnervecellsintheinjuredareaupthespinalcord脊髓tothebrainandbackdownagain.C.Ittellsusthatweareinjuredandshoulddosomethingaboutit.D.Theyknewlittleabouttheprocessofpainitself.E.Theothermessagemovesataspeedofonlyonemeterasecond.F.Andtheysendthesecondslowermessageofpaintothebrain.
AssoonasLindawentintothedepartmentthatsoldraincoatsshesensedtherewassomethingunusualintheatmosphere.Firstofalltherewasasalesmanthereandnotasaleswoman.Thatwasveryunusualinthewomen’scoatdepartment.Thesalesmanaskedifhecouldbeofanyhelp.Butwhenshesaidshewasjustlookinghedidnotseemtobelistening.Helidnotlookverymuchlikeasalesmaneither.Asecondlateraraincoatcaughthereye.Siteaskedhimaquestionaboutit.Hedidnotevenhearheratfirst.Sheaskedagain.Shewantedtoknowifhehadanycoatslikeitwithadetachable可分离的lining.Hedidnotseemtounderstandwhatadetachableliningwas.Sheexplained.Thenshewentonlooking.Shenoticedthatthesalesmanseemedtobewatchinganothercustomerinthedepartmentallthetime.Theothercustomeramiddle-agedwomanleftthedepartment.Thesalesmanimmediatelywenttothephoneandtoldsomebodyontheotherendthatthewomanhadgoneandhaddefinitelytakentwoleatherbeltswithoutpayingforthem.ThenheturnedtoLindaandexplainedthathewasnotasalesmanatallbutastoredetective.LaterLindareadinthepaperthatawomanhadbeenarrestedforstealingsomebeltsfrontadepartmentstoreorinotherwordsforshoplifting.ThewordshopliftingPara.3possiblymeans______.
ActiveinOldAgeKeepsPeopleMobile Peopleover70whoaren’tactivearemorelikelytodevelopproblemswalkingorclimbingstairswithinafewyearsaccordingtoanewstudy. Thesefindingssuggestthatit’sveryimportanttostay51inoldagestudyauthorDr.MarjoleinVissertoldReutersHealth. "Physicalactivityinoldageisasimportant52takingyourmedications药物"Vissernoted."Youdonotneedtojoinanexpensivefancysportsclubwithhigh-tech高科技的equipment.Yourbodywillalready53fromregularwalking." VisseraDutch荷兰的scholarexplainedthat54activehelpspreventpeoplefrombecomingbreathlessduringsimpleactivitiesincreasemusclemassandstrengthandmaintainthebalancepeopleneedtowalkupstairsforinstance. ToinvestigatehowimportantexerciseistoolderadultsVisser’steaminterviewed3075menand55betweentheagesof70and79allofwhomsaidtheyhadnoproblemswalkingone-quarterofamileorclimbing56.Theinvestigatorsfollowedthesubjectsfor4-1/2yearsnotingwhodevelopedproblems57andclimbingstairs. Duringthestudy34percentofmenand4758ofwomensaidtheybegantostrugglewithwalkingandclimbingstairs.People59wereinactiveweretwiceaslikelytoreporttheseproblemsaspeoplewhosaidtheygotregularexercise. Peoplewhodidn’texercisebuthadactivelifestylesappearedtobeatasomewhathigherriskofdeveloping60walkingandclimbingstairsrelativetopeoplewhoexercised61Stillleadinganactivelifestyleappearedtoprotectpeople62problemsbetterthanbeinggenerallyinactivetheresearchersreportintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatrics老年医学Society. Amongpeoplewhowereinactive63whowalkedevenalittlebitsuchasbrisk轻快的walkingforalittleoveranhourperweek-wereatalower64ofmobility可动性problems."Ifyoudonotliketoexerciseoryoucannotexercise65ofserioushealthproblemsorfunctionallimitationsdotrytobeasactiveaspossible"Visseradvised. 56
Thelittleboywassofascinatedbythemightyriverthathewouldspendhourssittingonitsbankandgazingatthepassingboatsandrafts.
{{*HTML*}}A.yourownchoiceofwords??B.thewordcancer??C.thepositivesteps??D.aboutthenextstep??E.ontoomanyanswers??F.withtoomuchinformationVeryyoungchildrenwon’tfeelcomfortable??
Hismotiveforworkingsohardisthatheneedsmoney.
Jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck.
ActiveinOldAgeKeepsPeopleMobile Peopleover70whoaren’tactivearemorelikelytodevelopproblemswalkingorclimbingstairswithinafewyearsaccordingtoanewstudy. Thesefindingssuggestthatit’sveryimportanttostay51inoldagestudyauthorDr.MarjoleinVissertoldReutersHealth. "Physicalactivityinoldageisasimportant52takingyourmedications药物"Vissernoted."Youdonotneedtojoinanexpensivefancysportsclubwithhigh-tech高科技的equipment.Yourbodywillalready53fromregularwalking." VisseraDutch荷兰的scholarexplainedthat54activehelpspreventpeoplefrombecomingbreathlessduringsimpleactivitiesincreasemusclemassandstrengthandmaintainthebalancepeopleneedtowalkupstairsforinstance. ToinvestigatehowimportantexerciseistoolderadultsVisser’steaminterviewed3075menand55betweentheagesof70and79allofwhomsaidtheyhadnoproblemswalkingone-quarterofamileorclimbing56.Theinvestigatorsfollowedthesubjectsfor4-1/2yearsnotingwhodevelopedproblems57andclimbingstairs. Duringthestudy34percentofmenand4758ofwomensaidtheybegantostrugglewithwalkingandclimbingstairs.People59wereinactiveweretwiceaslikelytoreporttheseproblemsaspeoplewhosaidtheygotregularexercise. Peoplewhodidn’texercisebuthadactivelifestylesappearedtobeatasomewhathigherriskofdeveloping60walkingandclimbingstairsrelativetopeoplewhoexercised61Stillleadinganactivelifestyleappearedtoprotectpeople62problemsbetterthanbeinggenerallyinactivetheresearchersreportintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatrics老年医学Society. Amongpeoplewhowereinactive63whowalkedevenalittlebitsuchasbrisk轻快的walkingforalittleoveranhourperweek-wereatalower64ofmobility可动性problems."Ifyoudonotliketoexerciseoryoucannotexercise65ofserioushealthproblemsorfunctionallimitationsdotrytobeasactiveaspossible"Visseradvised. 58
ActiveinOldAgeKeepsPeopleMobile Peopleover70whoaren’tactivearemorelikelytodevelopproblemswalkingorclimbingstairswithinafewyearsaccordingtoanewstudy. Thesefindingssuggestthatit’sveryimportanttostay51inoldagestudyauthorDr.MarjoleinVissertoldReutersHealth. "Physicalactivityinoldageisasimportant52takingyourmedications药物"Vissernoted."Youdonotneedtojoinanexpensivefancysportsclubwithhigh-tech高科技的equipment.Yourbodywillalready53fromregularwalking." VisseraDutch荷兰的scholarexplainedthat54activehelpspreventpeoplefrombecomingbreathlessduringsimpleactivitiesincreasemusclemassandstrengthandmaintainthebalancepeopleneedtowalkupstairsforinstance. ToinvestigatehowimportantexerciseistoolderadultsVisser’steaminterviewed3075menand55betweentheagesof70and79allofwhomsaidtheyhadnoproblemswalkingone-quarterofamileorclimbing56.Theinvestigatorsfollowedthesubjectsfor4-1/2yearsnotingwhodevelopedproblems57andclimbingstairs. Duringthestudy34percentofmenand4758ofwomensaidtheybegantostrugglewithwalkingandclimbingstairs.People59wereinactiveweretwiceaslikelytoreporttheseproblemsaspeoplewhosaidtheygotregularexercise. Peoplewhodidn’texercisebuthadactivelifestylesappearedtobeatasomewhathigherriskofdeveloping60walkingandclimbingstairsrelativetopeoplewhoexercised61Stillleadinganactivelifestyleappearedtoprotectpeople62problemsbetterthanbeinggenerallyinactivetheresearchersreportintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatrics老年医学Society. Amongpeoplewhowereinactive63whowalkedevenalittlebitsuchasbrisk轻快的walkingforalittleoveranhourperweek-wereatalower64ofmobility可动性problems."Ifyoudonotliketoexerciseoryoucannotexercise65ofserioushealthproblemsorfunctionallimitationsdotrytobeasactiveaspossible"Visseradvised. 52
{{*HTML*}}A.GrowthofEconomy??B.ServantEconomy??C.StrengthoftheCreativeEconomy??D.WeaknessoftheCreativeEconomy??E.Giftoftalking??F.ExportofTalkingMachinesParagraph5______
TheMarketingMixMarketingisatotalsystemofbusinessactivitesdesignedtoplanpricepromoteanddistributewant-satisfyingproductstotargetmarketstoachieveorganizationalobjectives.Thisdefinitionimpliesthattheentiresystemofbusinessactivitiisshouldbecustomer-orientedandamarketingprogramshouldstartwithanideaaboutanewproductandshouldnotenduntilthecustomer’swantsarecompletelysatisfiedwhichmaybesometimeafterthesaleismade.Thecombinationofthefourprimaryelementsthatcompriseacompany’smarketingprogramistermedthemarketingmix.Thedesignimplementationandevaluationofthemarketingmixconstitutethebulkofafirm’smarketingeffort.Thefourelementsofthemarketingmixare.·Product—Managingtheproductingredientincludesplanninganddevelopingtherightgoodsand/orservicestobemarketedbythecompany.Strategicdecisionsarealsoneededforchangingexistingproductsaddingnewonesandtakingotheractionsthataffecttheassortment分类ofproductscarried.Strategicdecisionsarealsoneededregardingbrandingpackagingandvariousotherproductfeatures.·Price—Managementmustdeterminetherightbasepriceforitsproducts.Itmustthendecideonstrategiesconcerningdiscountsfreight货运paymentsandmanyotherprice-relatedfactors.·Distribution—Eventhoughmarketingintermediaries中介—primarilywholesalersandretailersarelargelyanoncontrollableenvironmentalfactoranexecutivehasconsiderablelatitudewhenworkingwiththem.Management’sresponsibilityistoselectandmanagethetradechannelsthroughwhichtheproductswillreachtherightmarketattherighttimeanddevelopadistributionsystemforphysicallyhandlingandtransportingtheproductsthroughthesechannels.·Promotion—Managementneedstoinformandpersuadethemarketregardingacompany’sproducts.Advertisingpersonalsellingsalespromotionandpublicityarethemajorpromotionalactivities.Thefouringredientsinthemarketingmixareinterrelated;decisionsinoneareausuallyaffectactionsintheothers.Eachofthefouralsocontainscountlessvariables.Acompanymaymarketoneitemorseveral—relatedorunrelated.Theitemmaybedistributedthroughwholesalersordirectlytoretailersandsoon.Ultimately最后fromthemultitudeofvariablesmanagementmustselectthecombinationthatwillbestadapttotheenvironmentsatisfytargetmarketsandstillmeetmarketingandorganizationalgoals.Asfarasdistributionisconcerned______.
Believeitornotopticalillusion错觉cancuthighwaycrashes.Japanisacaseinpoint.Ithasreducedautomobilecrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimpleopticalillusion.Bentstripescalledchevrons人字形paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyareandthusdriversslowdown.NowtheAmericanAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyinWashingtonD.C.isplanningtorepeatJapan’ssuccess.Startingnextyearthefoundationwillpaintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreducehighwaycrashes.Excessivespeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallfataltrafficaccidentsaccordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidentsthefoundationwillconductitstestsinareaswherespeed-relatedhazardsarethegreatest--curvesexitslopestrafficcirclesandbridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstraighthorizontalbarspaintedacrossroadscaninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.Howevertrafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbar.Chevronsscientistssaynotonlygivedriverstheimpressionthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyarebutalsomakealanespeartobenarrower.Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftrafficaccidents.Theadvantageofchevronsoverstraighthorizontalbarsisthattheformer______.
{{*HTML*}}Pain??Allofushavefeltpain.Wehavecutourselves.Wehavebeenburned.Orwehavehadheadaches.Someofussufferpainrarely.?46???Paincantakecompletecontrolofourbodyandmindmakingitimpossibletomoveandeventothink.Yetweneedpain.Withoutitwewouldnotknowifwehavehurtourselves.Itisourbody’swarningsystem.?47???Painisthemostcommonreasonwegotoadoctor.Itisthemostcommonreasonwetakemedicines.Untilrecentlyhowevermostdoctorsknewofonlyafewdrugsthatstoppedsomepains.?48?Butnewknowledgeabouttheprocessofpainishelpingthemtocontrolpainbetter.??Scientistshavelearnedthatthesenseofpainismadeupofbothchemicalandelectricalsignals.?49?Scientistsalsohavelearnedthatthenervoussystemsendstwodifferentkindsofpainmessagestothebrain:oneveryfasttheotherslow.??Thefirstmessageisthewarningsignal.Itmovesataspeedof30metersasecond.Inlessthanasecondthebrainunderstandsthatpartofthebodyishurtandhowbadlyitisinjured.?50?Ittellsusnottousetheinjuredpartuntilitheals.A.Andothershavepainfulattacksallthetime.B.Thesesignalstravelfromnervecellsintheinjuredareaupthespinalcord脊髓tothebrainandbackdownagain.C.Ittellsusthatweareinjuredandshoulddosomethingaboutit.D.Theyknewlittleabouttheprocessofpainitself.E.Theothermessagemovesataspeedofonlyonemeterasecond.F.Andtheysendthesecondslowermessageofpaintothebrain.
{{*HTML*}}ObviouslyrecruitingvoluntarybonemarrowdonorsinmainlandChinais______.
Whenthecaraccidenthappenedwewereallhorrified.
Tomdroppedoffinfrontoffire.
Theexhaustedmothersmiledatthewailofhernewbornbaby.
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