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Before fridges, homes usually had ice boxes. But another way to keep food cool without electricity...
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高中英语《青海省平安县第一高级中学2015-2016学年高一下学期期中考试试卷 试题及答案解析word版》真题及答案
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Ifyouareafruitgrower—orwouldliketobecomeone—takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat’sarounD.It’scalledAppleDaybutinpracticeit’smorelikeAppleMonth.ThedayitselfisonOctober21butsinceithascaughtoneventsnowspreadoutovermostofOctoberaroundBritain.Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetoseeandoftentasteawidevarietyofapples.TopeoplewhoareusedtothelimitedchoiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarketsitcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistencesuchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans.Althoughitdoesn’ttasteofanythingspecialit’sstillworthatryasistheknobbly多疙瘩的Cat’sHeadwhichismoreofacuriositythananythingelsE.Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocalconditions.OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinettebutyou’llneedawarmshelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowitsoit’sapipedreamformostappleloverswhofallforit.Attheeventsyoucanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditionsandbecausethesearefamilyaffairschildrenarewellcateredforwithapple-themedfunandgames.AppleDaysarebeingheldatallsortsofplaceswithaninterestinfruitincludingstatelygardensandcommercialorchards果园.IfyouwanttohavearealorchardexperiencetryvisitingtheNationalFruitCollectionatBrogdalenearFavershaminKent.28.Whatcanpeopledoattheappleevents?A.Attendexperts’lectures.B.Visitfruit-lovingfamilies.C.PlantfruittreesinanorcharD.D.Tastemanykindsofapples.29.WhatcanwelearnaboutDecio?A.Itisanewvariety.B.Ithasastrangelook.C.Itisrarelyseennow.D.IthasaspecialtastE.30.WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseapipedreaminParagraph3mean?A.A.practicalideA.B.A.vainhopE.C.Abrilliantplan.D.A.selfishdesirE.31.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowhowtogrowapples.B.Tointroduceanapplefestival.C.Tohelppeopleselectapples.D.Topromoteappleresearch.
ModerncomputertechnologyhasmadeonlinefriendshippossiblE.OnlinefriendsarepeoplewhohaveknowneachotherthroughtheInternet.Areonlinefriendshipsasbeneficialasface-to-facefriendships?Canpeopleformstrongrelationshipsonline?Whenyouusesocialnetworkingwebsitesandchatroomsyoucaneasilyfindpeoplewithinterestsandhobbiessimilartoyours.MakingfriendsontheInternetisespeciallygoodforshypeoplewhofeeluncomfortableinsocialsituations.It’softeneasiertosharethoughtsandfeelingsonlinE.What’smoreonlinefriendscanmakepeoplefeellesslonelyandhelpthemsolveproblems.AlthoughtheInternetcanencouragefriendshipithasamajordisadvantagE.It’smucheasierforsomepeopletodeceiveothersbecausetheyarenotfacetofacE.Onlinefriendsonlytellyouwhattheywantyoutoknow.Theysometimesexaggerate夸大theirgoodqualitiesandhidethelesspositiveonessoyoucan’tbesureofwhattheyreallylikE.Therearedifferentanswerstothesecondquestion.Researcherssurveyed2000familiesintheUS.Theresultsshowedthatover40%ofparticipants参与者feelasstronglyabouttheironlinefriendsastheydoabouttheirofflinefriends.Researchersalsofoundthatit’snotunusualforonlinefriendstobecomeface-to-facefriends.Howevertherearemanypeoplewhobelievethatit’snotpossibleforpeopletohavedeeprelationshipswithonlinefriends.Peoplecontinuetoexpressdifferentopinionsaboutonlinefriendship.Howevermostofthemwouldagreethatface-to-facefriendshipcannotbereplacedbyonlinefriendship.AsonelifecoachsaysAsocialnetworkingsiteshouldonlybethe‘addon’inanyrelationship.55.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Functionsoffriendship.B.Signsofgoodonlinefriends.C.Waystomakeonlinefriends.D.Advantagesofonlinefriendship.56.TheunderlinedworddeceiveinParA.3probablymeans_______.A.praiseB.supportC.cheatD.hurt57.Inmostpeople’sopiniononlinefriendship____.A.won’ttaketheplaceofface-to-facefriendshipB.areasimportantasface-to-facefriendshipsC.arebetterthanface-to-facefriendships.D.willbecomeface-to-facefriendships58.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?①①①①②②③②③③④④④⑤⑤⑤②③④⑤
Doctorsinhospitalemergencyroomsoftenseeaccidentalpoisonings中毒.A.frightenedparentarriveswithachildwhoswallowedacleaningliquiD.OrperhapstheharmfulsubstanceisamedicinE.Oritmightbeachemicalproductmeanttokillinsects.Thesearecommoncausesofaccidentalpoisoning.IncaseslikethislookformedicalhelpassoonaspossiblE.Savethecontainerofwhatevercausedthepoisoning.Andlookonthecontainerforinformationaboutanythingthatstopstheeffectsofthepoison.Saveanythingexpelled被强迫排除fromthemouthofthevictim.Thatwaydoctorscanexamineit.Inthepastsomepeopleforcedpoisoningvictimstoemptythestomach.Theyusedaliquidsyrupofipecac催呕剂todothis.Butanorganizationofchildren’sdoctorsnolongeradvisesparentstokeepsyrupofipecaC.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricssayssomepoisonscancauseadditionaldamagewhentheycomebackupthethroat.Millionsofpeopleknowawaytosaveapersonwhoischokingonsomethingtrappedinthethroat.ThemethodiscommonlyknownastheHeimlichManeuverorabdominalthrusts.TheAmericanRedCrosssaysarescuershouldfirsthitthepersononthebackfivetimesbetweentheshoulderbones.Thesebackblowsmayeasethechoking.IftheairwayisstillblockedtheRedCrosssuggestspushinghardfivetimesalongthevictim’sabdomen.Theabdomenistheareabetweenthechestandthehip臀bones.25.Savethecontainerofwhatevercausedthepoisoningto____.A.lookforharmfulinformationB.lookonitC.useittobreakthepoisonD.lookformedicalhelp26.Whyareparentsadvisednottokeepsyrupofipecac?A.Tokeepthestomachempty.B.ToavoidmoredamagE.C.TokeepsyrupofipecacsafE.D.Tokeepthestomachfull.27.Thepurposeofthelastparagraphistotellusabout_____.A.awaytopreventapersonfromchoking.B.theabdominalthrustsC.awaytocurechokingD.theabdomen28.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LearningthebasicsoffirstaidB.AccidentalpoisoningsC.CommoncausesofaccidentalpoisoningD.Poisoningsandfirstaid
AmazingScientificBreakthroughHelpsYouLoseWeightwithoutStarvationDietsorTiringExerciseHaveYouEverWishedTherewasafasteasyandreliablewaytosafelydropweightbymagicallysuppressingyourfooddesires?Aneasywaytouseproductthatmagicallymeltsoffuglyfatwithoutdieting[caloriecountingortiringexercise?Whatifthisbreakthroughcouldalsoincreaseyourenergylevelsandbrightenedyourmoodthroughouttheday?IntroducingTheAmazingDietPatchTheallnewAmazingDietPatchasseenonTVisarevolutionarynewweightlosssystemthatmakesyoulose3to7poundsweeafterweek!Untilyoufitintotheclothesyou’vealwaysdreamedof!Thisisthefastestmosteffectiveandsafewaytoloseweight.Withoutstarvationdietsorstrenuousexercise!HowDoesItWork?ThesecretisamaterialcalledFucusVesiculosusthatsuppressesyourfooddesiresandincreasesyourmetabolismturningyourbodyintoafatburningmachinE.Justlistentowhatothersaresayingaboutit:AfterthebirthofmychildIstartedgainingweightquicklyandnothingwouldmakemeloseweight.AtfirstIwonderedifthedietpatchreallyworked?ButIdecidedtotrythefreesampleandafterthefirstsevendaysIlost7-Lbs.Icouldn’tfeelbetteraboutmyself.—SherryParkerIcouldnotbelievehoweasyitwastousetheAmazingDietPatch!I’vetriedusingpillsbutIwouldalwaysforgettotakepillsbeforemymeals.NowwiththepatchIjustputitoninthemorningandforgetaboutit.—JeffRobinsNotAvailableInStoresButyoucangetitrightheredirectlyfromusthroughthisspecialonlineoffer.Andwe’rewillingtoabsorb100%oftheriskbygivingyoua1-WeekFreeTrial!25.AccordingtothepassageweknowthattheAmazingDietPatchissomekindof_______.A.pillsB.soupC.vegetablesD.plaster膏26.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplacetheunderlinedwordsuppressing?A.increasingB.changingC.controllingD.burning27.TheAmazingDietpatchisavailableonly_______.A.ontheTVB.throughtheonlineC.inthedrugstoreD.inthesupermarket28.ThepurposeoftheAmazingDietPatchistoloseyourweightby______.A.changeyourmetabolismB.doinglargeamountofexercisesC.brighteningyourmoodD.increasingyourdiet
Someinventionsaresousefulbutseemsosimplethatwewonderwhynoonethoughtofthemlongago.Post-itNotesthepiecesofpaperthatyoucanfastenalmostanywhereandthenremovewithoutleavinganysignthattheywerethereareanexampleofsuchaninvention.Post-itNoteswereinventedabouttwentyyearsagobyArtFryascientistat3MCorporation.Theideafortheproductcamefromafrustratingexperienceheoftenhadwhilesinginginhischurchchoir.Fryusedpiecesofpaperasbookmarkstomarktheplacesinhisbookofsongsbutthesebookmarkswerealwaysfallingout.Heknewheneededabookmarkthatwouldstaywhereheputitbutthathecouldremovewithoutdamagingthepages.AroundthattimeFryheardaboutanewadhesive粘合剂thatacolleague同事Dr.SpenceSilverhadcreateD.Thisadhesivewasspecialbecauseitwasstickybutnottoosticky.ItwasstrongenoughtoholdpaperstogetherbutweakenoughtonottearthepaperwhenitwasremoveD.Frysawthatthenewadhesivecouldhelpsolvehisbookmarkproblem.OnemorningFryputsomeoftheadhesiveontheedgeofapieceofpaper.Justashehopeditmadeaperfectbookmark.AshorttimelaterFryrealizedthathisnewinventionhadevenmoreusesthanbeingagreatbookmark.HecametothisrealizationwhenhewroteanoteononeofhisnewbookmarksandattachedittoareporthewasgoingtogivetoacolleaguE.Soonco-workerswereaskingFryformoresamples样品ofhisinventionsothattheycouldusethenewtypeofnotesthemselves.Fryandsomeotherpeopleat3Mbelievedsomuchinthenewproductthattheypersuadedthecompanytogiveawaythousandsofthestickypiecesofpaperfortrialuse试用.Whensomesalespeopleat3Mwenttoofficesandshowedworkersjusthowhelpfulthenewtypeofnotescouldbetheyimmediatelyreceivedmanyorders.AsmoreandmorepeoplediscoveredhowusefulPost-itNotescouldbetheproducttookoff.13.TheinventionofPost-itNotesshowedthatArtFry________.A.hadalotofknowledgeB.wasveryhard-workingC.wasgoodatcreativethinkingD.lovedhisjobinthechurch14.InwhatwaydidDr.SpencehelpA.rtFry?A.TheyworkedtogetherandoftendiscussedsciencE.B.HisinventionofaspecialadhesivemadeArt'sinventionpossiblE.C.Hepersuaded3MCorporationtogiveawaylotsofPost-itNotesfortrialusE.D.HecooperatedwithArtbyprovidingthenewadhesiveforArt.15.WhichofthefollowingisapossibleuseofPost-itNotes?A.A.noteonafriend'sdoor.B.Ane-mailtoafrienD.C.A.postcardfromabroaD.D.Anadinanewspaper.
AyoungmannamedCharlesLyellhaddifferentideas.HewroteabookaboutthemcalledPrinciplesofGeology地质学.TheearthaccordingtoLyellwasnotonlythousandsofyearsolditwasmillionsofyearsolD.Asto关于thecommonbeliefthatchangesintheearth’ssurfacehappensuddenlybecauseofasingleearthquakeorfloodhesaidthatthismighthappenonceinawhilebutusuallythesechangestookplaceveryslowly.HebelievedthatthesurfaceoftheearthhadbeenchangingfromthebeginningoftimE.Thechangeshesaidwerecausedbythelong-termactionofthewindsandseasandbyforcessuchasvolcanoesbreakingoutundertheearth’ssurfacE.OnceinagreatwhilehethoughtamountainmightappearforthefirsttimeafteranearthquakE.Butusuallymountainswouldriseslowlyandsteadily.ProfessorHenslowwasinterestedinLyell’sideasbuthedidnotactuallybelievethem.CharlesDarwincouldnotmakeuphismindaboutthem.ButtheysethimthinkingalonglineswhichwouldlaterchangethebeliefsofthoughtfulpeopleallovertheworlD.7AtCambridgeCharlesDarwinstudiedjustenoughtopasstheexaminationandreceivedhiscollegedegreein1831.Duringthistimehehadbecomemoreandmoreinterestedingeology.AttheendoftheschoolyearhewenttoNorthWaleswithoneofhisteacherstoexaminetherockformations构成andtosearchforfossils化石.Fossilsaretheremainsofancientlivingthings.Theyareusuallyfoundfixedinrocksintheearth’scrust地壳.Fossilsmaybeofanimalssuchasfishinsectsbirdsorhumans.Theymaybeofplantsfromtinyleavestohugetrees.Whenalivingcreaturediesitusuallydecays腐烂oriseatenbyanimals.Howeverifitsinksintoariverbed河床orisquicklycoveredbytheblowingsandsofadesertstormthebonesarekeptupintheearth.Overmanyyearsthesoftinnerpartsofabonedisappearleavingtheinsidehollow空的.Watercontainingmineralentersintothehollow.SlowlythemineralhardensandmakesthebonehardandheavylikestonE.1.AccordingtoCharlesLyellitismainlythattheearthhasbeenformedliketoday’sshapE.A.fromthebeginningoftimeB.pastsomeexperiencesofbigfloodC.overaverylongperiodofyearsD.becauseofseveralbigearthquakes2.CharlesLyellbelievedthefactthatamountainisformed.A.morebyseasthanbyvolcanoesB.moreslowlythansuddenlyC.morebyanearthquakethanbywindsD.moresteadilythanquickly3.ThemainpurposeofDarwin’sgoingtoNorthWaleswasto.A.makeastudyoffossilsB.appreciatetherockinformationC.todoresearchworkintodeadanimalsD.lookforplantsfromtinyleavestohugetrees4.Inwhichorderarefossilsformed?A.A.livingthingsinksintoariverbedorsands.B.Watergoesintoabonehollowtogetherwithmineral.C.Somethingsoftinabonedisappears.D.ThehardenedmineralmakestheboneharD.E.ThebonebecomeshollowinsidE.A.abcdeB.cabedC.acebdD.ecdba
Theearthisdyingbeforeusyetwesitandwatch.IftheTVorthegamesystembreakswerunofftothestorestogetitfixedimmediatelynomatterwhatthecost.Whyaren’twewillingtofixourearth?Areourtelevisionsandgamesystemsmoreimportanttousthanwherewelive?Whereshallwecontinuetoliveuntiltheendoftime?TheearthisourhomeandcannotbereplaceD.Wemusttakecareofit.Wehavecomeupwithsomuchtechnologythatlimitsusinsteadofhelpingus.Takethatgamesystemweruntorepair.Whatdoesitdo?Itoccupieskids’time!TheearthhasalreadygivenkidsplentyofentertainmentintheformsoffieldsandhillsforestsandplainswaterandlanD.Howeverinsteadofusingwhattheearthhasgivenusandhelpingkidsbygivingthemexerciseastheyrunaroundwedecidetoruinkids’mindswithgamesystemsthatgluethemtothescreenforhoursandmakethemignoretheirhomeworkandchores.Wehavepollutedthisearthbymakingthesethingsthatdonotevenhelpusinanyway!WehavealreadymessedupthisworlD.We’veruinedtheairwaterandanimalsthatithassowillinglyprovidedforus.WeneedtostopthisdestructionoflifeandbringbacktheworldwehadbeforE.Itwillnotbeeasybuteverybodycanhelp!Whataboutsomethingassimpleasturningthelightsoffwhenyouleavearoom?Recyclingwhatcanberecycled?Pickinguplitter?Donatingmoneytoanenvironmentalorganization?NoneofthesethingsareveryharD.Wecan’tjustalwayssayOhtheearthisamess.Ahwellthosebigcompaniesthatarepollutingsomuchcanstopandfixit.Insteadweneedtohelpout.It’snotonlythosebigcompanies;it’severydaythingsthatwedotoothatareruiningtheearth.Sostopandthinkaboutwhatyoucandotomakeadifferencetoourworld!25.W.hydoestheauthormentiontelevisionsandgamesystemsinParagraph1?A.Tomakepeoplebetterawareoftheurgencytotheprotectionoftheearth.B.ToexposethegreatharmdonetotheearthbytoomuchtechnologywastE.C.Toshowtherelationshipbetweenoveruseofthosethingswithearlydeath.D.Toremindpeopletospendlessonthemandusethesavedmoneyinawiserway.26.Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthattheauthor______.A.thinkswemusttakecareofourirreplaceablehome—theearthB.thinksrunningaroundinfieldsoccupiestoomuchofkids’timeC.takesanextremelynegativeattitudetothingslikegamesystemsD.takesitforgrantedthattechnologygiveskidsplentyofentertainment.27.Wecanclearlyfeelthattheauthorwrotethispassagewithdeep_____.A.gratitudeB.regretC.emotionD.hatred28.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Tocriticizethosebigcompaniesthatruintheearth.B.Toaskpeopletosavekidsfromtheharmdonebypollution.C.Togivekidsplentyofentertainmentinaclearenvironment.D.Tocallonpeopletostopruiningtheearth.
Haveyoueverfoundyourselfinhissituation:Youhearasongyouusedtosingwhenyouwereachild-abitofnostalgia怀旧orblastfromthepastaswesay.Butitisnotadistantchildhoodmemory.Thewordscomebacktoyouasclearlyaswhenyousangthemallthoseyearsago.ResearchersattheUniversityofEdinburghstudiedtherelationshipbetweenmusicandrememberingaforeignlanguagE.Theyfoundthatrememberingwordsinasongwasthebestwaytorememberevenoneofthemostdifficultlanguages.HereiswhattheydiD.Researcherstook60adultsandrandomlydividedthemintothreegroupsof20.Thentheygavethegroupsthreedifferenttypesoflisten-and-repeatlearningconditions.Researchershadonegroupsimplyspeakthewords.Theyhadthesecondgroupspeakthewordstoarhythmorbeat.Andtheyaskedthethirdgrouptosingthewords.AllthreegroupsstudiedwordsfromtheHungarianlanguagefor15minutes.ThentheytookpartinaseriesoflanguageteststoseewhattheyremembereD.WhyHungarianyouask?ResearcherssaidtheychoseHungarianbecausenotmanypeopleknowthelanguagE.ItdoesnotshareanyrootswithGermanicorRomancelanguagessuchasItalianorSpanish.Afterthetestswereoverthesingerscameoutontop.ThepeoplewholearnedthesenewHungarianwordsbysingingthemshowedahigheroverallperformancE.Theydidthebestinfouroutoffiveofthetests.Theyalsoperformedtwotimesbetterthanthosewhosimplylearnedthewordsbyspeakingthem.Dr.KatieOverysayssingingcouldleadtonewwaystolearnaforeignlanguagE.Thebrainlikestorememberthingswhentheyarecontainedinacatchy3ormemorable4tune5.Dr.Ludkesaidthefindingscouldhelpthosewhostruggletolearnforeignlanguages.OntheUniversityofEdinburgh’swebsiteDr.LudkewritesThisstudyprovidesthefirstexperimentalevidencethatalisten-and-repeatsingingmethodcansupportforeignlanguagelearningandopensthedoorforfutureresearchinthisareA.28.Thesongmentionedinthefirstparagraphisintendedto__________.A.recallthepastB.attractthereadersC.introducethetopicD.comparethechildhoodwiththepresent29.Accordingtothepassagewhichlanguagedoesn’tsharethesamerootwithGermanicorRomancelanguages?A.HungarianB.SpanishC.ItalianD.English30.Basedonthelasttwoparagraphswecanconcludethat__________A.singingisthebestwaytolearnalanguagE.B.thebrainprobablyworksbestwhentheforeignlanguagelearnerssingthewords.C.alisten-repeatmethodisveryeffectiveforanylanguagelearner.D.Dr.KatieOveryandDr.Ludkedisagreewitheachother.31.Inwhichsituationcanthefindingoftheresearchbeapplied?A.A.motherisgoingtoteachherbabyhowtospeak.B.A.childisgoingtohavehisfirstmusiclesson.C.A.studentisgoingtolearnanewEnglishsong.D.AnAmericanisgoingtolearnsomeChinesE.
TelemedicineisthenameforwhendoctorsgiveadvicetopatientsbytelephoneortheInternetorwhenhealthcareprovidersinruralareasconnectwithspecialistsinbigcities.Telemedicinehasexistedforalongtimebuttheriseofsmartphonestabletsandwebcam-equippedcomputersisraisingtelemedicinetonewlevels.SomehealthcaresystemsintheUnitedStatesnowofferVirtualUrgentCarepatientsseeadoctorbyvideochatwithouthavingtoleavehomE.DianaRaeisanurseeducatorinthewesternstateofWashington.SherecentlyshowedhowVirtualUrgentCareworks.SheusedaniPadtabletandskype—thevideochatservicE.DoctorGreenhasthepatientdescribehersymptomsthenthedoctorperformsaphysicalexambydemonstratingwhathewantshertodo.DoctorGreendecidesthattheproblemisasilenceinfection.FormedicineheprescribesanantibiotiC.Hesaysabout3outof4patientshavehealthproblemsthatcanbetreatedlikethis—throughVirtualUrgentCarethatmeansavideochatcouldreplaceavisittothedoctor'sofficE.TheFranciscanHealthSystemisbasedinTacomaWashington.Franciscancharges$35forthiskindofvirtualhousecallthatismuchlessthanthecostofgoingtoanemergencyroomadoctor'sofficeoranurgentcarecliniC.AftertryingthevideoconferenceDianaRaesaysIwould'vepaidtwicethatfortheconvenienceofgettingtakencareofwithouthavingtositinawaitingroomwaitandgetexposedtoeveryoneelse'sgerms.FranciscanhasadealwithacompanycalledCarenatoaddvirtualurgentcarebySkypeorphonE.Carenaisoneofseveralcompaniesdoingthiskindofworkaroundthecountry.ButacompanyofficialsaysstateruleshavenotkeptprogresswithdevelopmentsintelemedicinE.Theworkerswhoprovidevirtualurgentcaremustbeseparatelylicensedineachstatewherethecompanydoesbusiness.FornowthatmeansCarenadoctorscantreatpatientsinWashingtonstateandCaliforniaforexamplebutnotinneighboringOregonorIdaho.28.Thesecondparagraphismainlyusedtoshow________.A.whytelemedicinebecomespopularB.theadvantagesoftelemedicineC.manyfactorscontributetotelemedicineD.whattelemedicineis29.DoctorGreendecidesthattheproblemisasilenceinfection________.A.throughhisobservationofthepatientB.throughacarefulexaminationC.byknowingwhathewantshertodoD.byprescribinganantibiotic30.ThemajorhealthproblemsinDoctorGreen’sopinion_________.A.aretoughtodealwithB.canbetreatedthroughavideochatC.shouldresultfromworkpressureD.nearlycostlittletorecover31.BymentioningwhatDianaRaesaystheauthorwantstoshow_________.A.hefindsitconvenienttoseeadoctorbyusingavideochatB.hesingshighpraiseforthiskindoftreatmentformC.hemustbetiredofwaitingtoolonginthehospitalD.itshouldbeveryunhealthywhilestayinginhospital
Duetotheincreasingnumberofviolenceactsproducedinschoolsallovertheworldmoreandmoreparentsprefertohavetheirchildreneducatedathomeratherthanatschool.Thiswaytheycanensuretheirsafetyandwell-beingalthoughteachersandschoolrepresentativesaretryingtoimprovethesituationinschoolsbyincreasingthenumberofthepersonsinchargeofthesafetyofthestudents.Themainreasonforviolenceactsarethefilmsandcartoonsthatfillthechildren’stime.TheywanttodoeverythingtheywatchonTVandneverthinkoftheconsequencesandtheymayhurtaclassmateorateacher.Ontheotherhandparentsarenotfullysatisfiedwiththechildren’sresultsobtainedinclassesandtheyconsiderprivateclasseswouldhavebetterresults.Whenateacherhastowatch30studentsinclasshecan’tprobablyseewhateachofthemisdoinghowheiswritingorifheunderstandstheexplanations.Athometheteachercanexplainindetailseverythingthechilddoesn’tunderstandasmanytimesasheconsidersproper.Andmanytimesthechildgrowsfondoftheteacherathomewhobecomeshisbestfriendandwhohelpshimwheneverheneedssomeonetotalkto.Howeverthebestsolutionwouldbeamixturebetweentheeducationreceivedatschoolandthatathomebecauseschoolmakeschildrencommunicateandsocialize.Keepingachildathomeforfeartheremighthappensomethingbadtohimonlymakesthechild’scharacterweakandpreventshimfromknowingwhatreallifeis.Stayinginacrystalballonlydoesharmtothechild.Allinallschoolshavebeencreatedtohelpchildrennottoharmthemsoit’sbesttokeepchildreninthesespecialplaceswheretheylearnlaughhavefunandmakenewfriends.56.Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthetextisto.A.teachparentsthewaystokeeptheirchildrensafeB.showsolutionstodevelopingchildren’scharacterC.analyzeaneducationproblemandgiveopinionsD.explainthemainreasonforviolenceactsinschools57.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofPrivateClassesB.WhoistoBlameParentsorSchools?C.WhichIsBetterSchoolStudyorHomeStudy?D.TheRelationshipbetweenTeachersandChildren58.Whatdoesacrystalballinthepassagereferto?A.Atoythatcanbeusedforentertainment.B.Asafeandcomfortableenvironment.C.Aroundobjectthatismadeofcrystal.D.Anobstaclethatishardtoovercome.59.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.violenceTVprogramshavebadeffectsonchildren’sbehaviorB.theteacherathomeismorepatientthantheteacheratschoolC.childrentodayareweakfromlackofsenseofrightandwrongD.therearetoomanystudentsinclassforateachertoteach
Hippos河马havealwaysattractedpeople'sinterest.ModernhipposinWaltDisneymoviescandancelightly.A.stonehippoina13th-centurychurchinFrancehaswings.AndinancientEgyptianfairytalesthehippowasagoddessthatguidedthedeadtotheafterworlD.Despitetheirpopularappealhipposaswellasotheranimalshavedifficultywhentheirneedsconflictwiththoseofhumans.TheearlyEgyptianslikedtohunthipposfortheirteethandbecausetheyweredangerousanimals.Amulets护身符toprotectbabiesfromdemons恶魔weremadefromhippobones.About4000yearsagothereweresomanyhipposinEgyptthattheycausedseriouscropdamagE.Egyptianfarmerskilledthemroutinelyandbythebeginningofthe19thcenturyallthehipposinAfricahadbeenkilleD.Peopleusedtoseehipposfightinthearenas角斗场ofancientRomE.AfterthefalloftheRomanEmpirehipposweren'tseeninEuropeagainuntilafewzoosbegantoexhibittheminthemid1800s.Allthevarioususesandabusesofhipposthroughthecenturieshavemadetheirpopulationfallgreatly.WheretheydooccurmostlyinnationalparkstheyliveinsuchhighdensitythattheymakethegrasslandsbarE.Thiscausesothergrass-eatinganimalstogofartherforfoodandhipposwhichcan'tlivefarfromwaterdestroytheirownfeedinggrounds.32.InAfricahipposbecameextinct_____.A.aroundthe1850sB.inthe13thcenturyC.about4000yearsagoD.intheearly19thcentury33.Apartfromprotectingcropswhat'sthemainreasonforpeopletokillhippos?A.Tosaveotheranimals.B.Tosatisfypersonaldemands.C.Tolookforguidanceafterdeath.D.TofollowtheroutineestablishedbytheEgyptians.34.Theunderlinedwordinthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby_____?A.concentrationB.altitudeC.levelD.temperature35.Whatproblemsdohipposleadto?A.Theyeatupthegrassintheirhabitats.B.Theyalwaysdestroyotheranimals'fooD.C.Theystopotheranimalsfromdrinkingwater.D.Theygrowtooquicklyforthelandtosupport.
Bottledwaterisadrainontheenvironment:TheUSpublicgoesthroughabout50billionwaterbottlesayearandmostofthoseplasticcontainersarenotrecycledaccordingtoElizabethRoyte’sbookBottlemania:HowWaterWentonSaleandWhyWeBoughtIt.Transportingthebottlesandkeepingthemcoldalsoburnsfuelswhichgiveoffgreenhousegases.Andgroundwaterpumpingbybottledwatercompaniesdrawsheavilyonundergroundaquifers含水层andharmswatersheds分水岭accordingtotheSierraCluB.Andsomestudiessuggestittakesuptothreelitersofwatertoproduceoneliterofbottledwater.Yetmorethan$100billionisspenteveryyearonbottledwaterglobally.InmanycitiesindevelopingcountrieswherethereisnotasafesourceoftapwaterbottledwaterbecomesatrustedchoicE.IntheUStapwateriscontrolledbythegovernmentandoftenexaminedfordangerouspollutedsubstances.EachAmericandrinks79litersofbottledwaterperyearonaverageaccordingtotheColumbiaWaterCenteratColumbiaUniversity’sEarthInstituteinNewYork.Thebottledwaterindustryissosuccessfulthatithasoutpaced超过milkcoffeeandjuiceinthenumberofgallonsofdrinkssold—puttingitbehindonlybeerandsodA.Thoughthesaleandconsumption消费ofbottledwaterisstillontherisecertainpolicymakershavetakenstepstoreduceitandencouragepeopletodrinktapwater.InSeptember2009theAustraliantownofBundanoonbecamethefirsttownintheworldtocompletelybanbottledwaterfromitsstores’shelvesbuildingwaterfountains喷泉aroundthetowninsteaD.AmongUScitiesthathavetakenactionareSanFranciscoandSeattlewhichnolongerbuywaterforcityuseandChicagowhichaddedafive-centtaxoneachbottlE.Severalrestaurantsinthosecitieshavealsogivenupbottledwaterfortapwater.Othercitiesarealsoconsideringtakingaction.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedworddraininthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A.ValueB.ConsumptionC.SolutionD.Relief缓解6.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whybottledwaterissopopular.B.WhatElizabethRoyte’sbookisabout.C.Howmuchittakestoproducebottledwater.D.Whateffectsbottledwaterhasontheenvironment.7.AccordingtothepassagewhatdrinksellsbestintheUSA?A.BeerB.BottledwaterC.CoffeeD.Milk8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheUSisTRUE?A.Morethan$100billionisspenteveryyearonbottledwaterintheUS.B.About79billionwaterbottlesayeararegonethroughbytheUSpubliC.C.InChicagoyouhavetopay5centsastaxifyoubuyabottleofwater.D.AnAmericandrinks50litersofbottledwatereveryyearonaveragE.
Somecountrieshavealargenumberofearthquakes.JapanisoneofthemwhileothersdonothavemanyforexampletherearefewearthquakesinBritain.ThereisoftenagreatnoiseduringanearthquakE.Thegroundvibrates颤动.Housesfalldown.Railwaysarebrokenwhichcausestrainstoturnover.Sometimesthousandsofpeoplearekilledindifferentways.About60000werekilledin1783inthesouthofItaly.Somepeoplesaythatearthquakesoftenhappennearvolcanoes火山butitisnottruE.ThecentersofsomeearthquakesareundertheseA.Thebottomoftheseasuddenlymoves.Thepowerfulforcesinsidetheearthbreaktherocks.Thecoastisshakenandgreatwavesappear.Thesewavestravellongdistancesandrushoverthelandwhentheyreachitbreakingdownhousesandotherbuildings.Sometimestheybreakmorebuildingsthantheearthquakeitself.AterribleearthquakehappenedinAssamIndiain1986.ThelandnearShillongsuddenlymoved1.5feettoonesideandthenbackagain.Itcontinuedtoactlikethis20timesaminutE.Fewbuildingscouldstandwhatwashappeningandthegreatstonesflewfourfeetupintotheair.Whatkindofbuildingstaysupbestinanearthquake?TheAmericanscarefullystudiedtheresultsoftheearthquakeatSanFrancisco1906andbelieveditbestforbuildingstobemadewithconcrete混凝土wallstogetherbysteelframes.Sucharethebuildingsthatcan'tburnorfalleasily.6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Trains'turningoveriscausedbytheearthquakes.B.SomeearthquakeshavetheircentersundertheseA.C.Itisn'tcertainthatearthquakeshappennearvolcanoes.D.Buildingswithconcretewallsarebetteragainstearthquakes.7.Earthquakesoftenhappen___________.A.nearvolcanoesB.BothA.andD.C.inBritainD.inJapan8.___________makesmorelossthantheearthquakeitself.A.NothingB.VolcanoesC.ForcesinsidetheearthD.Terriblewavesbytheearthquake9.Whenanearthquakehappens____________canbehearD.A.trainsB.thousandsofpeopleC.agreatnoiseD.thepowerfulforces
D.AIdoesbetterthanhumansinsightandbalancE.Whoissmarter?A.humanbeingorartificialintelligence人工智能?ThequestionswepttheworldlastyearwhenaGoogle-developedprogramcalledAlphaGodefeatedtheworldtopplayerSouthKoreanLeeSe-del4-1.Sowhatcomesnext?SomepeoplehavebeenarguingthatartificialintelligenceorAIinshortwillbeabadthingforhumans.InaninterviewwiththeBBCin2014UKscientistStephenHawkingwarnedthatthedevelopmentoffullartificialintelligencecouldmeantheendofthehumanracE.SoarewereallyabouttoliveintheworldshownintheTerminatormovies?NotquiteansweredTheEconomist.Afterallit’snothardtogetacomputerprogramtorememberandproducefacts.Whatishardisgettingcomputerstousetheirknowledgeineverydaysituations.Wethinkthatforthehumanbeingthingslikesightandbalance视觉平衡arenaturalandordinaryinourlifE.ThomasEdisonfounderofMotionFiguresacompanythatisbringingAItoboystoldthenewspaper.Butforarobottowalkupanddownjustlikehumanbeingsrequiresvariousdecisionstobemadeeverysecondandit’sreallydifficulttodo.AsTheEconomistputitWehavealongwaytogobeforeAIcantrulybegintobesimilartothehumanbraineventhoughthetechnologycanbegreat.MeanwhileJohnMarkoffofTheNewYorkTimessaidthatresearchersshouldbuildartificialintelligencetomakepeoplemoreeffectivE.OurfateisinourownhandshewrotE.SincetechnologydependsonthevaluesofitscreatorswecanmakehumanchoicesthatusetechnologytoimprovetheworlD.28.Whatwastheresultofthematch?A.LeeSe-delwonAlphaGo4-1.B.LeeSe-delwasdefeateD.C.GoogleprogrambeatAlphaGo.D.Neithersidewonthematch.29.WhatdoesThomasEdisonpossiblymeaninhisremarks?A.It’sveryhardforAItobeatthehumanbrain.B.AIwouldtaketheplaceofhumanbeings.C.AIcanmakevariousdecisionsquickly.D.AIdoesbetterthanhumansinsightandbalancE.30.WhobelievesmuchhastobedonetoimproveAI?A.StephenHawking.B.JohnMarkoff.C.TheNewYorkTimes.D.TheEconomist.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraphimply?A.AIwillimprovetheworldcompletely.B.AIisinthecontrolofhumanbeings.C.AImaybringdisasterstohumanbeings.D.AIwillmakeourfutureoutofcontrol.
‘Irisscan虹膜扫描please’thebank’scomputervoicetellsyou.Youstepupandthecomputerreadsyoureyecomparingittothestoredfileithasofyouriris.Theimageshadbettermatch—otherwiseyouwon’tbeabletogetyourmoney.Irisscanningandothertechnologiessuchasfingerprintandvoicescanninghaveappearedinmanysciencefictionmoviesinthepast.TodaytheseadvancedtechnologiesarepartoftherealworlD.Theyarecommonatworkthebanktheairportandyourlocalprison.Theirisscanfingerprintscanandvoicescanareallexamplesofbiometrics生物测定学afastdevelopingareaofautomaticpersonalidentificationtechnology.Basicallybiometricsusesvariouswaystoverifyaperson’sidentitybasedontheindividual’suniquecharacteristicsincludingfingerprintsvoicesirisesbodyheatpatternsfacialimageshandprintssignaturesandsoon.Biometricsidentificationsystemshaveanumberofadvantagesoverpasswordsystems.TheprimaryadvantageisthatanindividualhastobephysicallypresentinordertobeidentifieD.Anotherimportantadvantageisthattherearenopasswordstorememberforgetloseorsteal.Thevoicescanisthesimplestandmostaffordableformofbiometrics.ItonlyrequiresacomputeramicrophoneandthecorrectsoftwarE.Thesoftwarerecordsasubject’svoiceandthencomparesittoastoredvoicesampleforidentificationpurposes.Foradditionalsafetyfingerprintandhandprintscanscanalsobeemployed.Fingerprintscanstaketheimageofafingerprintandcompareittoastoredfileofprints.HandprintscansidentifytheuniquefeaturesofahanD.Irisscanscurrentlygivethehighestlevelofaccuracyamongalltheavailablebiometricssystems.Anothertechnologyfullfacialscansiscurrentlyinuseatbordercrossingsandairports.FacialscanningequipmentcanactuallytrackandidentifymovingfaceswithinacrowD.Thepotentialofbiometricsisexcitingandencouraging.WithcontinueddevelopmenttestingandapplicationcurrenttechnologieswillbecomeevenmoreeffectiveinthefuturE.Soonthedaysofpasswordandcarkeyswillbegone.Justdon’tleavehomewithoutyourfingerprints!59.Thefirstparagraphservesasan__________.A.exampleB.commentC.conclusionD.explanation60.TheunderlinedwordverifyinParagraph2probablymeans_____.A.protectB.developC.confirmD.change61.Whichisthemostaccurateformofbiometrics?A.ThevoicescanB.ThefingerprintscanC.TheirisscanD.Thefacialscan62.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofbiometrics?A.Heisuncertainaboutit.B.HefeelshopefulaboutitC.Heisworriedaboutit.D.Hefeelsdoubtfulaboutit.
Isthereintelligent有智力的lifeonotherplanets?Foryearsscientistssaidnoorwedon’tknow.Buttodaythisischanging.SethShostakandAlexandraBarnettareastronomers天文学家.Theybelieveintelligentlifeexists存在somewhereintheuniversE.Theyalsothinkwestillsooncontactthesebeings.Why?ThefirstreasonistimE.Scientistsbelievetheuniverseisabout12billionyearsolD.ThisislongenoughforotherplanetstohaveintelligentlifesayShostakandBarnett.Thesecondreasonissize—theuniverseishugE.ToolsliketheHubbleTelescope哈勃望远镜haveshownthatthereareatleast100billiongalaxiessaysShostak.AndourgalaxytheMilkyWayhasatleast100billionstars.SomeplanetsgoingaroundthesestarsmightbesimilartoEarth.InthepastitwashardtolookforsignsofintelligentlifeintheuniversE.Butnowpowerfultelescopesallowscientiststodiscoversmallerplanetsinothersolarsystems.TheseplanetsmighthaveintelligentlifE.HavebeingsfromspacealreadyvisitedEarth?ProbablynotsaysShostak.It’salongwayaway.Howeverintelligentbeingsmaycontactusinotherwaysuchasradiosignals信号.Infacttheymaybetryingtocommunicatewithusnowbutwedon’thavetherighttoolstoreceivetheirmessages.Howeverthisischanging.By2025wecouldmakecontactwithotherlifeformsinouruniverseandwemighthelpeachother.36.SethShostakandAlexandraBarnettare.A.astronomersB.farmersC.singersD.drivers37.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?A.TheAgeandSizeofEarth.B.TheOnlyPlanetwithIntelligentLifeC.WhyIntelligentLifeMightExist.D.OurGalaxy—TheMilkyWay38.Whywasithardtolookforsignsofintelligentlifeintheuniverseinthepast?A.Therewerenotanysmallerplanets.B.Therewerenotanypowerfultelescopes.C.Theastronomerswerenotinterestedinthem.D.TheGalaxydidn’texistatthattimE.39.Whyhaven’tbeingsfromspacevisitedusyetaccordingtoShostak?A.They’reafraidofus.B.It’salongwayaway.C.Theydon’twanttoseeus.D.Theydon’tknowhowtouseradiosignals.40.WhatisShostak’sattitudewecanlearnfromthelastparagraph?A.worriedB.satisfiedC.positiveD.negative
Inaworldwithlimitedlandwaterandothernaturalresources资源theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherisE.Actuallythepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandtheglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechangedandthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable可持续的ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwordsweshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Todaysustainabledevelopmentisapopulartrendinmanycountries.AccordingtoarecentstudytheglobalmarketforlowcarbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecadE.Chinaforexamplehassetitsmindonleadingthatmarkethopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyrevolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergyandisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhighspeedtrains.Inadditionwearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil棕榈油whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.Firsttheycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions排放andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besidesstrongerarrangementofpublicresourceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.FinallygovernmentscanavoidthehugeexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirectionandredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromthetraditionalmodeltoasustainableonE.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltaskbutitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.33.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.Chinalackswindandsolarenergy.B.Chinaistheleaderofthelowcarbonmarket.C.Highspeedtrainsarealowcarbondevelopment.D.Palmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests.34.Tofullydevelopthelowcarbonmarketsgovernmentcan.A.cutpublicexpensesB.forbidcarbonemissionsC.developpublicresourcesD.encourageenergyconservation35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel.B.Tocomparetwobusinessmodels.C.Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.D.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.
ThedeserttortoiseisfoundintheMojaveandSonoranDesertsinNorthAmerica.ItislistedasanendangeredspeciesundertheUnitedStatesfederalEndangeredSpeciesActandisconsideredvulnerablebytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureIUCN.Despitethelawsthatprotectthemtheirnumbersarestillonthedecline.Thedeserttortoiseintheareashaslivedforthousandsofyears.Thisanimalisabletosurvivegroundtemperatureover140℉andisknowntoliveaslongas60to80years.Howeverninety-fivepercentofthelifeofadeserttortoiseisspentinthegroundescapingtheheatinaholeorpassageintheground.Holescanbeeasilydestroyedbyoff-highwayvehiclesthatdonotstayonbuiltroads.Disastersalsooccurwhentheyseekshadeunderparkedcars.Deserttortoisesarealsoharmedbyseveraldiseasessuchastheupperrespiratorytractdiseaseoftenfoundinadoptedtortoises.Petowners’releasingsicktortoisesintothewildhasresultedindiseasesbeingspreadtowildtortoises.Thedeserttortoisefeedsonadune沙丘primroseduringspring.Non-nativeSaharamustard芥菜seeninthebackgroundisaweedthatcompeteswiththenativeplantsforwaterandnutrients.Insomeareasmustardgrowssodenselythatitisnearlyimpossiblefordeserttortoisestopassthrough.Vehicleswhichdonotstayonbuiltroadsanddonotgetwashedfrequentlycontributetospreadingweeds.Rubbishsuchasburstballoonisadangertodeserttortoises.Theballooncanbemistakenforfoodbydeserttortoisesandonceconsumedmayremaininthestomachsandintestinesgivingthemafalsesenseoffullnessthatmaycausethemtostarve.28.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordvulnerableinParagraph1referto?A.EasilyharmeD.B.Veryuseful.C.WellprotecteD.D.HardlynoticeD.29.Whydoesthedeserttortoisespendmostofitstimeunderground?A.Tosaveenergyforalonglife.B.Toescapecross-countryvehicles.C.Toshelterthemselvesfromotheranimals.D.Toprotectthemselvesfromtheheat.30.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetortoise?A.Itdigestssplitballooneasily.B.Itlivesonnativeplants.C.Itcanfillitselfupwithburstballoon.D.Itpromotesthegrowthofmustard.31.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ProtectionoftheDesertTortoiseB.ASharpDeclineinTortoiseNumberC.DangerstheDesertTortoiseisFacingD.ABadEffectVehiclesHaveonTortoise
Peoplewhospendmorepre-bedtimehoursusingtheI.nternetorwatchingtelevisionaremorelikelytoreportthattheydon’tgetenoughsleepeventhoughtheysleepalmostaslongaspeoplewhospendfewerpre-bedtimehoursinfrontofacomputerortelevisionscreensurveyfindingsshow.WhilemanypeopleuseelectronicmediasuchastheI.nternetitshouldbenotedthatthelongermediausebeforesleepcantriggerself-perceivedinsufficientsleepleadresearcherDrNakamoriS.uganumaofO.sakaUniversityJapantoldthereporter.Heandcolleaguesobtaineddataonself-perceivedsleepproblemsandtheuseofelectronicmediapriortobedtimefromatotalof5875JapaneserespondentsintwoseparateI.nternet-basedsurveys.T.heirfindingsarepublishedinthejournalSleepandBiologicalRhythms.NearlyhalfoftherespondentsassociatedtheirlackofsleepwithelectronicmediausebeforebedtimE.T.hosereportinglongerelectronicmediausewerealsomorelikelytoreportinsufficientsleep.O.verall29percentoflightuserslessthan1.5hourslistedelectronicmediauseasapossiblecauseoftheirinsufficientsleep.Bycomparison40percentofmediumusers1.5to3hoursand54percentofheavyusersmorethan3hourssaidthesamE.HoweverlongerI.nternetandtelevisionusebeforebedtimedidnotcorrelatewithlessactualsleep.Whileheavyusersaveragedabout3morehoursinfrontofcomputerortelevisionscreensthanlightuserstheheavyusersaveragedonlyabout12minuteslesspre-workdaysleeptimethanlightusers.NotablySuganumasaidInternetuseaffectedself-perceivedinsufficientsleepmorethanTVwatching...notonlyinyoungerI.nternetusersbutalsoinmiddle-agedoragedI.nternetusers.Upto38percentoftherespondentslistedaccessingtheI.nternetfarintothenightasapossiblecausefortheirsleepdisturbancewhileabout25percentsaidwatching.televisionfarintothenightcausedtheirsleepproblems.T.hefindingssuggestthatwhileheavycomputerandtelevisionusebeforebedtimehasasmalleffectonsleepdurationitmayhaveamoresignificanteffectonsleepdemandandsleepqualitySuganumanotes.42.Heavycomputerandtelevisionuserbeforebedtimearemorelikelytobethanlightones.A.energeticB.happyC.accessibleD.sleepy43.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.HeavycomputerandtelevisionuserbeforebedtimehavelesssleepingtimethanlightonesB.Heavycomputerandtelevisionuserbeforebedtimehaveworsesleepthanlightones.C.T.hosesufferinginsufficientsleepspendlesstimeinusingtheI.nternetthaninwatchingTVD.SpendlesstimeinwatchingTVorsurfingtheI.nternetandyouwillhaveabettersleep.44.T.hepassageseemstosuggestthatpeople.A.dragthemselvesawayfromthemediaB.watchTVratherthanusetheI.nternetC.selectcarefullywhatisfitforbedtimerelaxationD.cutbackonlate-nightI.nternetandTV45.Whichofthefollowingphrasesissimilarinmeaningtotheunderlinedphraseinthesixthparagraph?A.haveanyconnectionwithB.liveinharmonywithC.arisefromD.correspondwith
SA.NF.RAN.CI.SCO.—Aphoneapp应用程序inSanF.ranciscogivesinformationaboutopenparkingspots.CityofficialsinSanFranciscointroducedtheapptotrytoreducetrafficjamsinthecitybutsomesayitraisessafetyconcerns.Inthiscitydriverssearchingforparkingspotsleadto30percentofalldowntownjamscityofficialsthink.NowSanFranciscohasfoundasolution—aphoneappforspot-seekersthatdisplaysinformationaboutareaswithavailablespaces.Thesystemintroducedlastmonthreliesonwirelesssensors感应器fixedinstreetsandcitygaragesthatcantellwithinsecondsifaspothasopenedup.MoniqueSoltaniaTVreportersaidsheandhersisterspent25minutesonFridaytryingtopark.Wewereprayingtotheparkinggodthatwe’dfindaspotshesaiD.IfwehadtheappwewouldnothavetopraytotheparkinggoD.Butthesystemcouldcomewithseriousconsequences.SomepeoplesaythatdriverssearchingforparkingcouldendupfocusingontheirphonesnottheroaD.I.tcouldbereallydistracting使分心的saidDanielSimonsaprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofIllinois.Cityofficialsacknowledgethepotentialproblem.Theyareurgingdriverstopulloverbeforetheyusethecity’siPhoneapportodosobeforetheyleavehomE.NathanielFordexecutivedirectoroftheSanFranciscoMunicipalTransportationAgencysaidsafetycouldactuallyimproveifdriversquicklyfoundaspotinsteadofcirclingandgettingfrustrateD.SanFranciscohasputsensorsinto7000parkingspotsand12250spotsincitygarages.IfspacesinanareaopenupthesensorscommunicatewirelesslywithcomputersthatinturnmaketheinformationavailabletoappuserswithinaminutesaidMr.Fordofthetransportationagency.Ontheappamapshowswhichblockshavelotsofplacesblueandwhicharefullred.Morethan12000peoplehavedownloadedSanFrancisco’sappwhichisavailablenowonlyfortheiPhonebutwhichcityofficialssaytheyhopetobringtoallsimilardevices.Whenitisstartedupthecity’sparkingappwarnsdriversnottousethesystemwhileinmotion.Butsafetyadvocatessaidthatmightnotbesufficient.AfteralltheysaytextingwhiledrivingisillegalinCaliforniaandinmanystatesbutanumberofsurveysincludingonebythePewResearchCentershowthatmanyAmericansdoitanyway.ElizabethStampeexecutivedirectorofWalkSanFranciscoapedestrianadvocacygroupsaidshehopedthenewparkingappwouldleadtofeweraccidents.It’saninnovativeideashesaiD.Thesafewayforpeopletousethedeviceisforthemtopulloverwhichtheyknowtheyshoulddo.Thequestioniswhethertheywill.ButMs.SoltanitheTVreportersaidusingtheappwouldprobablyjointhegroupofactivitiesalreadyperformedbydrivers.We’realreadylookingatGoogleMapsandFacebookonthephonewhilewedriveshesaiD.Aren’twealwayslookingatsomethingonourphoneorchangingtheradioordrinkingcoffee?You’realwaysslightlydistractedwhenyou’redriving.70.Whatisthephoneappmentionedinthetextmainlyaimedat?A.Preventingtrafficaccidents.B.Makingfulluseoftheparkingspots.C.Makingthetrafficflowsmoothly.D.BenefitingiPhoneusers.71.Howdodriverslocatetheparkingspots?A.App----computer----sensors.B.Sensors----computers----app.C.Computers----app----sensors.D.Sensors----app----computers.72.Thephoneappmentionedinthetext.A.hasn’tbeenputintoserviceB.isabitslowinreactingC.wasintroducedseveralyearsagoD.can’tbedownloadedtoallphones73.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.NathanielForddoesn’tdoubtthepracticaluseoftheapp.B.SanFranciscowillputmoresensorsintousE.C.Mostdriversopentheapponcetheystarttheircars.D.DanielSimonsthinkstheappconvenient.74.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Safetyconcernsarevoicedaboutaphoneappaimedathelpingdriversfindparkingspots.B.Aphoneapphasbeenintroducedtorelievethepressureontrafficinthecity.C.Lookingforparkingspotscontributesgreatlytodowntowntrafficjams.D.Drivers’attentionisdistractedinonewayoranotherwhentheyaredriving.
WhenDebbieParkhurstchokedonapieceofappleatherMarylandhomeherdogjumpedinlandinghardonherchestandforcingthepieceofappletopopoutofherthroat.DebbieParkhurst’shusbandKevinwasathisjobataWilmingtonchemicalDel.firmwhenshetookamiddaybreakfromthejewelryshopandbitintoanapplE.WhentheKeeslingfamilyofIndianawereabouttobeovercomebycarbonmonoxideCOtheircatclawed抓atwifeCathy’shairuntilshewokeupandcalledforhelp.FortheirtimelyactsTobyagolden21/2-year-olddogandWinnieagray-eyedAmericanshorthairwerenamedDogandCatoftheYearbytheAmericanSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals.NeitherParkhurstnorKeeslingcouldexplaintheirpets’timelyheroicsthoughParkhurstsuggesteditmighthavebeenguidedbyGodintervention干预.That’swhatourveterinarian兽医saidshesaiD.Hewasn’tmakingajoke;he’sveryspiritualandnowIhavetoagreewithhim.ButbothpetswerethemselvesrescuedinbabyTobyasa4-week-oldbabythrownintoagarbagebintodieandWinnieasaweek-oldorphanhidingunderabarnsohelplessthatKeesling’shusbandErichadtofeedhermilk.AstheKeeslingsrecalleditagas-drivenpumpspreadcarbonmonoxidethroughthehousE.BythetimeWinniemovedintorescuespotthecouple’s14-year-oldsonMichaelwasalreadyunconscious.WinniejumpedonthebedandwasclawingatmewithakindofangrynoiseCathyKeeslingsaiD.WhenIwokeupIfeltlikeaT-barhadhitmeacrosstheheaD.Statepoliceandofficersrespondingtoher911callsaidthefamilywasonlyminutesfromdeathjudgingbytheamountofpoisonousgasinthehousE.25.WecanknowDebbieParkhurst_______.A.worksinaWilmingtonDel.chemicalfactoryB.wasmakingjewelrywhenshehadtheaccidentC.mighthavediedbutforherpet’shelpD.wasunconsciouswhenherpetfoundher26.Bothpets’heroicactsmostprobablyconnectedwith_______.A.GodarrangementsB.theirbeingoncehelpedC.theirsenseofdangerD.theirveterinarians’training27.WhydidWinnietrytowakeCathyKeeslingup?A.BecauseaT-barwasgoingtohithim.B.Becausehewashungryandwantedmilk.C.BecauseDebbiechokedonsomethinginherthroat.D.BecausetherewasdangerinherhousE.28.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat_______.A.ifyoulovemelovemyanimalsB.allpetsareusefultopeopleC.wecan’tneverbetoocarefulinourdailylifeD.tohelpotherssometimescangetreward
In1988acompanyinOhioinventedanalcohol-basedhandcleanerwhichwasmeanttobeusedbyhealth-careworker;whensoapandwaterwereunavailablE.JoeKanferthecompany'sC.E.O.toldmerecentlytherewereacoupleofotheralcoholproductsouttherebuttheywerereallyugly.Eithertheyweregreasy油腻的ortheyburnedyourhandswhitE.Kanfertookayearandahalftodevelopthisproductwhichisvisuallyappealinganddoesalmostnoharmtoone'sskin.Still.Kanferlostmoneyonitformorethanadecadebecausepeoplecouldn'tgetwhatitwasfor.TheproductwascalledPurell.TodayyouseeiteverywherE.Mydoctorusesitseveraltimesduringeveryofficevisit.YoucanhearitinalmosteveryofficeintheU.S.andschoolpicnicswouldbeimpossiblewithoutit.TheformerpresidentGrorgeW.BushwascalledaracistforusinghandcleanerafterfirstshakinghandswithBarackObamabutBushalsogavesomeofittoObamaandrecommendeditasacoldpreventative预防药.Whatwasoncebarelyevenaproductisnowagrowingproductcategoryworthhundredsofmillionsperyear.TheriseofPurellmakessomehealthprofessionalsuneasy.Someclaimedthatpromotinghandcleanermayworsenourculture'sirrational非理性的fearaboutbacteriA.Stilltheclearagreementamongexpertsisthatuncleanhandsposeaserioushealthriskandareoneofthemainreasonsinthespreadofinfectionsinhospitals.A.2007studyestimatedthatinAmericain2002suchinfectionsresultedinmorethanamillionandahalfpatientillnessesandcausedorcontributedtonearlyahundredthousandpatientdeaths-aboutdoublethenumberofU.S.deathscurrentlycausedeachyearbyAIDSandgunscombineD.HoweverIaskedafoodmicrobiologistwhethercleanhandsmighthaveamedicaldrawback.HesaidWemighthaveamuchhealthierpopulationifweadoptedthekindsofconditionthatweseeinmanyThirdWorldcountrieswithpoor-qualityfoodandpoor-qualitywaterandlotsofbacteriA.Ifwedidthatwewouldhaveadultswhowereveryhealthyandhaveverystrongimmunesystems.UnfortunatelythepricethatwewouldpaywouldbeextremelyhighchilddeathratE.28.WhydidJoeKanferlosemoneyonhisproductaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Becausepeopledidn'tthinkituseful.B.Becausepeoplethoughtitwasugly.C.Becauseitwasharmfultotheskin.D.BecauseitburnedthehandswhitE.29.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.PurellbringsinlotsofmoneyforKanfer.B.PurellhasbeenwidelyusedintheUS.C.PurellisacoldpreventativE.D.Purellmeetsdifferentneeds.30.WhatmainlycausedpatientdeathsaccordingtothefiguresinParagraph3?A.People'sfearaboutbacteriA.B.Handcleaner.C.Bacteriaonthedirtyhands.D.AIDSandguns.31.WhatcanwelearnaboutthepeopleinThirdWorldcountries?A.Theyadopthealthylivinghabits.B.Theyhavepoorimmunesystems.C.TheyeatfoodwithfewerbacteriA.D.Theirchilddeathrateremainshigh.
Wenowonlysleepforsixhoursand41minuteseachnightandhalfofushavenochanceofaweekendlie-inanewstudyshows.Anditseemsevenduringtheweekwearestrugglingtogetenoughshut-eyE.Itissaidthattwo-thirdsofusaresleepingforonlysixhoursand27minuteseverynightonehourand33minutesshorterthanthenormaldailyamount总额ofsleep—eighthours.Morethan27percentaregettinglesssleepthantheydidayearago.Insteadofaweekendlie-inmostpeoplewillchoose11minutesofextrasnoozebutton睡眠键timewhichcouldbebadforhealth.68percentnowusetheirmobilephonetowakethemupeverymorning.Fouroutoftenadultssaytheysettheirwake-upcallearlierthanneededthenhitthesnoozebuttonontheirmobilephonestwiceforan11minutes’restinordertomaketheirbodiesfeelliketheyhavehadmoresleep.ProfessorStevieWilliamssaidSettingyouralarmclockmuchearlierandcontinuallypressingthesnoozebuttonactuallymakesyoufeelevenweakerafteranight’ssleep.NappinginthiswaycanmakeyoumissoutontheimportantREMsleepwhichhappensjustbeforeyouwakeup.Anditisnecessaryforyoutousetheweekendtocatchuponthesleepdebtduringtheweek.Athirdofadultsarekeptawakeatnightbecauseofmoneyworriesaquartercan’tfallasleepduetofamilyproblemsandjustunderone-fifthworryaboutworkstresses.Beingshortofsleepisextremelyharmfultoaperson’sheathandwell-being.Butwehavetostoptreatingsleepasaluxury奢侈品andrealizethatitisnecessarytogeteighthoursofsleepeverynight.44.WhatcanweknowaboutREMsleep?A.Weshouldavoiditbeforewewakeupeachday.B.Ithappensbeforewewakeupandisgoodforourhealth.C.It’suselesstoenjoythisstageofsleepbeforewewakeup.D.Itcandoharmtoourhealthasitmakesuswakeupearlier.45.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.ToshowwhatkeepsusawakE.B.Totelluswhyweneedtotreatsleepseriously.C.Togiveussometipsonhowtogetasoundsleep.D.Tooffersomeevidencethatsleepisakindofluxury.46.Theauthorwritesthepassageinordertotellusthatweshould.A.avoidworkinglateintothenightB.getenoughsleepandknowitsimportanceC.trytokeepabalancebetweenfamilyandworkD.replacetheunhealthylifestylewithahealthyone47.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Whataneight-hoursleepmeansB.WhypeopleneedtosleepeverydayC.HowtogetasoundsleepD.Enoughsleepisveryimportant\
A.dogmightbeman’sbestfriendbutmydogsaremorelikemykids!Ithinkeveryoneshouldexperiencetheunconditionalloveofadogbutowningoneisnotforthenervousness.It’swork—especiallywhenitcomestothejobofcleaninguptheirwastE.Whenyoucleanupafteryourdogsyourneighborswillloveyouforkeepingthosesmellylandminesoutoftheiryards.Butthereareevenbiggerbenefits.You’llnotonlybedoingyourparttokeepbacteriaoutofyouryardandneighborhoodyou’realsokeepingharmfulmicroorganismsawayfromthedrinkingwatersupply.Therearemorethan77millionpetdogsintheUnitedStatesandtheirwasteisfoundinbackyardsneighborhoodparksandthegreenareasthatfrequentlylinesmallwaterways.Whenyoudon’tcleanupafteryourdogheavyraincancarrybacteriafromthewasteintodrains.Dogwasteleftinparksandothersuchplacescanbesweptdirectlyintonearbystreams.Thisaffectsthequalityofthewaterinourstreams.Thesesmallchannelsoftenemptydirectlyintoourlocaldrinkingwatersupplyorthewaterwhereweboatorfish.Dogwastecontainsharmfulmicroorganismslikeroundwormsthatcanbepassedontohumans.ThisiswhydogwasteshouldnotbeusedasfertilizeraroundyourhomE.Anditwon’tfertilizeyouryardeitherifyouleaveitbehindlikeothertypesoffertilizer.Dogsdon’teatthesamekindsofnaturalmaterialthatcattlehorsesorevenelephantseat.Thewastefromthoseanimalsisactuallybeneficialforyouryardandgarden.Youshouldalwayspickupafteryourdogandthrowthewasteintothetrashcan.Somesmallercitiesmightpreferthewastetobewasheddownthetoiletbutincitieswheretherearemanydogsit’sbesttosendthewastetothelandfill.Whenyouproperlydealwithyourdog’swasteyou’llbedoingyourparttokeepharmfulbacteriaoutofyouryardsyourneighborhoodsandyourdrinkingwater.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theauthor’sdogisaslovelyasachilD.B.Dogwastecanpollutetheenvironment.C.OwningadogisatroublesomeexperiencE.D.Dogwasteismoreharmfulthanlandmines.33.Whichshowstherightorganizationofthepassage?P1＝Paragraph1;P2＝Paragraph2;P3＝Paragraph3;P4＝Paragraph4;P5＝Paragraph534.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutdogwasteistrue?A.Itmakesakindofnaturalfertilizerofhighquality.B.Themicroorganismsindogwastearehelpfultowater.C.Itisbettertowashdogwastedownatoiletorburyitinalandfill.D.DogwasteismorebeneficialtosoilthanotherkindsofanimalwastE.35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Toscoldthosewhoignoretheirdog’swastE.B.TointroducewaysofcleaningupdogwastE.C.TowarndogownersaboutthedangerofdogwastE.D.ToargueitisthedutyoftheownerstocleanupdogwastE.
RegardedasoneoftheEnglishlanguage’smostgiftedpoetsJohnKeatswrotepoetrythatconcentratedonimageryhumannatureandphilosophy.AlthoughKeatsdidn’treceivemuchformalliteraryeducationhisownstudiesandpassionbroughthimmuchsuccess.Additionallyhisownlifesituationinfluencedhispoetrygreatly.GrowingupasayoungboyinLondoninalowermiddle-classfamilytheyoungJohndidn’tattendaprivateschoolbutwenttoapubliconE.Histeachersandhisfamily’sfriendsregardedhimasanoptimisticboywhofavoredplayingandfightingmuchmorethanmindinghisstudies.Afterhisfather’sdeathintheearly1800sfollowedbyhismother’spassingduetotuberculosis肺结核hebeganviewinglifedifferently.Hewantedtoescapetheworldanddidsobyreadinganythinghecouldgethishandson.Ataroundtheageof16theteenageJohnKeatsbeganstudyingunderasurgeonsothathetoomightbecomeadoctor.HoweverhisliteraryappetitehadtakentoomuchofhisfancyespeciallywithhisaddictiontothepoetryofEhmundSpenser.HewasabletohavehisfirstfullpoempublishedintheExaminerin1816entitledOSolitude!IfIMustWithTheeDwell.Withintwomonthsin1817KeatshadwrittenanentirevolumeofpoetrybutwassharplycriticizedbyamagazinE.Howeverthenegativeresponsedidn’tstophispursuitofrhythm韵律.JohnKeats’nextworkwasEndymionwhichwaspublishedinMay1818.Thestoryinvolvesashepherdwhofallsinlovewiththemoongoddessandleadshimonanadventureofoneboy’shopetoovercomethelimitationsofbeinghuman.FollowingEndymionhoweverhetriedsomethingmorenarrative-basedandwroteIsabella.DuringthistimeJohnKeatsbeganseeinghislimitationsinpoetryduetohisownlimitinlifeexperiences.Hewouldhavetohavetheknowledgeassociatedwithhispoems.HisnextworkwasHyperionthatwouldattempttocombineallthathelearneD.Howeverabout发作withtuberculosiswhilevisitingItalywouldkeephimfromhisworkandeventuallytakehislifein1821.8.JohnKeats’attitudetowardslifechangedbecauseof_________.A.hisearlyeducationfromschoolB.thedeathsofhisparentsC.EdmundSpenser’spoetryD.thecriticismofamagazine9.WhatisthecommonthingbetweenJohnKeatsandhismother?A.TheydiedofthesamediseasE.B.TheyhadabadchildhoodC.Theyreadmanybooks.D.Theyshowedstronginterestinpoetry10.WhilepursuinghisdreamofbecomingapoetfirstJohnKeatswas_________.A.determinedB.experiencedC.knowledgeableD.impatient11.Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?A.Keatsreceivedlittleeducationatschool.B.Keatsoncehadachanceofbecomingadoctor.C.In1816Keatsspenttwomonthswritingapoem.D.Endymionwasaboutareallovestory.
Therewasgoodnewslastweekforpeoplewhostruggletogeteighthoursofsleepanight:theymaynotneedsomuchshut-eyeafterall.ResearchersfromUCLAandelsewherelookedatsleephabitsofremotehunter-gatherersinTanzaniaNamibiaandBolivia—groupswithpre-industriallifestyleswhosesleeppatternsarebelievedtoreflectthoseofancienthumans.Theresearchersfoundthatonaveragemembersofeachgroupsleepabitlessthansixandahalfhoursanight.ThestudypublishedintheacademicjournalCurrentBiologyindicatesthatnaturalsleepislessthaneighthoursanightandthatmodernsociety’snumerouselectronicdistractions分心aren’tnecessarilytoblameforpeoplegettingjustsixorsevenhoursofsleep.Thestorythatoftengetsoutisthatifyousleepforlessthansevenhoursyou’regoingtodieearlyhetoldmE.That’snottruE.YetAmericansareaddictedtogettingmoresleep—andonturningtomedicalshortcutstohelpthem.AccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlasmanyas70millionU.S.adultssufferfromsleepdisordersorsleeplessness.OnlyathirdofAmericansgetthegovernment’srecommendedseventoninehoursofsleepanight.About9millionAmericanadultsusesleepingpillstohelpgetagoodnight’sresttheCDCfounD.Siegelsaidthenumberofpeoplerelyingonmedicineshasgoneupratherrapidlysincethen.IndustryconsultingfirmGlobalDataestimatesthatworldwidesalesforsleeplessnessmedicineswillrunabout$1.4billionnextyearandreach$1.8billionby2023recoveringfromlowersalesinrecentyearsbecauseofcheapergenerics仿制药hittingthemarket.Dr.RoyArtalasleepspecialistinWestLosAngelessaidit’sunderstandablethatbusypeopleintoday’sgo-goworldwouldturntomedicinestospeedupthesleepprocess.Butallthey’redoingisbuildingarelianceonpowerfuldrugsforrelativelylittleimprovement.There’snomagicpillthatmakesussleepwhenwewantandwakeupwhenwewantArtalsaiD.Theeffectsofsleepingpillstendtobemodest.Heandotherexpertssaytheanswertosleeplessnessisn’ttobefoundinapillbottlE.It’sinwhat’scalledsleephygiene保健.57.Theresearchonsleephabitsofremotehunter-gatherersinTanzaniaNamibiaandBoliviashowsthat________.A.TheyhavealackofsleepbecauseoftheirbadlifestyleB.naturalsleepmaybelessthaneighthoursanightC.ModernelectronicproductscausethesleeplessnessD.Pre-industriallifestyleswillbehelpfultoabettersleep58.JeromeSiegelbelievesthat________.A.WeneedtotakesleepingpillstoimprovesleepB.ModernelectronicproductsdoharmtoagoodsleepC.Thosewhosleepforlessthan7hourswilldieearlyD.Thereisnothingwrongwitha6or7hours’sleep59.Theunderlinedwordmodestprobablymeans________.A.obviousB.awfulC.smallD.large60.Themainideaofthispassageisthat_________.A.Peoplemaynotneedeighthoursofsleepanight.B.peopleneedsleepingpillstohaveagoodsleepC.sleepingpillshavealongwaytogoforsleepimprovementD.Sleepingpillindustrywillsuffergreatlossesfromthenewdiscovery
Shouldecigaretteselectroniccigarettesbeanewchoiceforthesmokerstryingtogetridofthehabit?ReactionsfromAmericansaremixeD.MorethanhalfofthepeoplequestionedinasurveythinkecigarettesshouldbecontrolledbytheUSFoodandDrugAdministrationbut47percentbelievetheecigarettesshouldbeavailabletothesmokerswhowanttoquit.InthehuntforasafercigaretteecigarettesarebecomingapopularchoiceamongthoseeithertryingtoquitorlookingtoreplacestandardtobaccosmokewithanalternativethatmanufacturersclaimtobesaferZogbyInternationalwhichconductedthesurveysaidinastatement.Abouthalfofthe4611adultswhotookpartinthesurveyhadheardaboutecigaretteswhicharebatterypoweredorrechargeablecigarettesthatvaporizealiquidnicotinesolution.Theydonotproducesmokebutawatervaporwithoutsmell.SoldmostlyontheInternetecigaretteswerefirstmadeinChinA.LastyeartheWorldHealthOrganizationWHOwarnedagainstusingecigarettessayingtherewasnoevidencetoprovetheyweresafeorhelpedsmokersbreakthehabit.TheWHOsaidpeoplewhosmokeecigarettesbreatheinafinefogofnicotineintothelungs.Nearlyathirdofpeoplequestionedinthesurveythinkthatecigarettesshouldbeallowedinplaceswheresmokingisforbiddenbecausetheydon’tproducesmokebut46percentdisagreE.Menwhowereawareoftheavailabilityofecigarettesweremorelikelythanwomentosaytheyshouldbeachoiceavailabletosmokerswhowanttoquit.Youngpeopleaged18-29andsingleswerethegroupsmostopentotryingecigarettes.SmokingisthesinglelargestcauseofpreventabledeathworldwideaccordingtotheWHO.29.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A.Americansmokersoughttotryecigarettes.B.Americanshavedifferentopinionsaboutecigarettes.C.EverykindofcigarettesshouldbeforbiddeninAmericA.D.MostoftheAmericansdon’tlikeecigarettes.30.AccordingtoZogbyInternationalecigarettes______.A.aremuchsaferthancommoncigarettesB.areproducedinasaferwaybymanufacturersC.willtaketheplaceoftraditionalcigarettesD.arepopularamongpeoplewhowanttoquitsmoking31.What’stheattitudeoftheWHOtowardsecigarettes?A.IndifferentB.SupportiveC.DoubtfulD.Negative
Astheworld’slargestterrestrialcarnivore陆地食肉动物thepolarbearisthekingofthegreatwhitenorth.Adultmalescanmeasuremorethan9feetinlengthandweighbetween770and1430pounds.Thepolarbearhasastrongbodywhiletheirheadsarenarrowwithsmallroundedears.PolarbearscanbefoundinnorthernCanadaGreenlandNorwayandRussiaandtherehavebeenreportsthatpolarbeartrackshavebeenfoundasfarnorthastheNorthPolE.The5000000-square-milerangeofthepolarbearcirclestheArcticandcontainspiecesofopenwaterwheresealsareeasilycaught.PolarbearsliveontheannualArcticseaicethatprovidesaplatformfromwhichtheycanhunt.TheyhuntsealsontheseaicebybreakingintosealdensintheseaicE.Thedensaren’tvisiblefromabovebutseeingislessimportantthansmellingtoapolarbear----withtheirsharpsenseofsmellpolarbearscansensethebreathingholesofsealsintheirdensbeneaththesnowandicE.AsthesouthernedgeoftheArcticicecapmeltsinsummerpolarbearsareforcedtostayonlandandspendtheirsummersfasting禁食livingoffbodyfatstoredfromhuntinginspringandwinter.Withabout22000polarbearslivinginthewildthespeciesisnotendangeredatthemomentbutitsfutureisfarfromcertain.Climatechangeiscausingthedisappearanceofseaicefromwhichpolarbearshuntseals.SeaiceintheArcticismeltingearlierandforminglatereachyear.Peoplehavereachedanagreementthatcontrolsthehuntingofpolarbearsanddirectseachnationtoprotecttheirhabitatsbutitdoesnotprotectthebearsagainstthebiggestman-madethreattotheirsurvival:globalwarming.Ifcurrentwarmingtrendscontinuescientistsbelievethatpolarbearsmaydisappearwithin100years.4.Polarbearssearchfrosealsmainlythroughtheir________.A.eyesB.earsC.nosesD.necks5.Theunderlinedworddensinparagraph3mostprobablymeans_______.A.theskinofthewildanimalsB.thehomeofwildanimalsC.thebreathingholeofsealsD.waterofthedeepsea6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.A.polarbearmeasuresatleast9feetlong.B.PolarbearscanbefoundinboththeNorthPoleandtheSouthpolE.C.PolarbearsstophuntinginsummerbecausesealsarehiddenatthattimE.D.PolarbearsmaydieoutasaresultofclimatechangE.
ThequalityofdrinkingwaterinShanghaiwillmeetEuropeanUnionstandardby2010andadecadelatercitizensinShanghaiwilldrinkthebestwaterintheworlD.ThesearethegoalssetoutbytheShanghaiWaterAuthority.Withthecity’spopulationexpectedtoincreaseonlyslightlyandtheeconomytoboomby2020ChenYinandofficialwiththewaterauthoritysaidShanghai’swaterconsumptionwillnotincreasefromitspresentamount.ZhangYuedirectoroftheUrbanConstructionDivisionundertheMinistryofConstructionsaidShanghaiisthefirstcityinthecountrytopublicizetheseambitions.TheywillnotbeeasytoachievE.HesaidwatersavingwillhelpkeepthesustainabledevelopmentofChina’seconomy.Savingonecubicmeterofwatermeanssavingthecity’sinfrastructure基础设施costsby10000Yuan.LastyearShanghaisaved300millioncubicmetersofwatereitherfromreadjustmentofindustrialstructureortheemploymentofnewtechnology.TheaimistoarousepublicawarenessoftheseriousnessofwatershortagesChensaiD.Theabundantsurfacewaterandamountofrainofthecityaresomisleadingthattheyresultinimproperuseofwater.Shanghailacksdrinkablewater.TheHuangpuRiverwhichsupplies80percentofthecity’sdrinkablewaterisnearingexhaustion.ThecitythereforehasbeenexploringnewsourcesfromtheYangtzeRiverandgrowingforestsalongittoconservequalitywater.BesidespenningregulationstheauthorityispopularizingtechnologyamongthepublictoefficientlycuttheamountofwateruseD.Atpresentthecityhas600000familytoiletseachusing13litersofwaterperflush.Thesearetoberenovated整修touseonly9litersofwaterperflush.Theauthorityisrenovatingthefirst200toiletsforhouseholds–atacostof40Yuaneach.Inthreeyearsallthetoiletswillberenovatedwhichsavesthecitynearly15millionYuaneveryyearinwaterconservation.Anothertaskthecityisengagedinisthetreatmentofsewage污水toimprovethewaterenvironment.Atpresentthecitycanonlytreat44percentofitsdaily5.04milliontonsofwastewater.Tomeetthetotaldemand27moresewagetreatmentfactoriesaretobeestablishedwithanestimatedinvestmentof18billionYuan.13.Theauthorityisrenovatingthefirst200toiletsforhouseholdsto.A.makepeople’slivingmoreconvenientB.improvepeople’slivingstandardsC.easeemploymentpressureD.meetthetotaldemandofwater14.Whichgroupofmeasuresareallmentionedinthepassagetosavewater?a.improvedrinkingwaterqualityb.changesomeindustrialstructurec.introduceorusesomenewtechnologyd.speedtheeconomicdevelopmentofShanghaie.renovatesomefamilytoiletsf.buildmoresewagetreatmentfactoriesA.abcdB.bcefC.bcdeD.abef15.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.theboomofeconomywillneedalargeramountofwaterinthefutureB.citizenstodayinShanghaidrinkthebestqualityofwaterintheworldC.noteveryonetodayinShanghaiisawareofwatershortageD.allthefamilytoiletswillberenovatedtosavewaterwithin3years
WhilesweettreatscanbehardtoresisttheWorldHealthOrganizationWHOhassetnewguidelinesforpeoplearoundtheworlD.TheguidelinesreleasedonWednesdayadvisethatbothadultsandchildrencutbackontheirsugarintake摄取量tostayhealthy.InastatementFrancescoBrancadirectoroftheWHO’snutritiondepartmentsaidthereisevidencethatreducingdailysugarintakereducestheriskofbeingoverweightandtoothdecay腐烂.Theguidelinesdonotapplytothesugarsinfreshfruitandvegetablesorthosethatarenaturallypresentinmilk.AccordingtotheWHOthereisnoreportedevidenceofnegativeeffectsofconsumingthosesugars.Insteadthenewguidelinesfocusonaddedorfreesugars.Theseincludesugarsthatareaddedtoprocessedfoodsanddrinkssuchascandyandsoftdrinks.Addedsugarsaresometimesdescribedashiddensugarsbecausetheyexistinfoodswemightnotthinkofassweetssuchashoneyandketchup番茄酱.Healthexpertsadvisethatconsumerslookatingredientsonfoodpackagestohelpmakebetter-informeddecisions.TheWHOrecommendsthatpeopleintheUnitedStatesEuropeandotherWesternsocietiesshouldcuttheiraveragesugarintakebyabouttwo-thirdsordowntojust10%oftheiroverallcalories.FordevelopingcountrieswheredentalcareislessadvancedtheWHOrecommendsthatsugarintakebereducedto5%.ScientistKieranClarkeoftheUniversityofOxfordnotesthatforthosepeoplewhocan’tshaketheirloveforsweetsgettingmoreexerciseisagoodsolution.IfyougetenoughexerciseyoucaneatalmostanythingshesaidButit’sveryhardtoavoidlargeamountsofsugarunlessallyou’reeatingisfruitandvegetables.29.WhatcanwelearnfromtheguidelinesreleasedbytheWorldHealthOrganization?A.TheproductionofcandiesshouldbeforbiddenB.Thereisaconnectionbetweensugarintakeandbadteeth.C.Fruitandvegetablescontainalotofsugar.D.Peopleshouldcutdownonsugarintakeforthesakeoftheirhealth30.TowhatlevelshouldpeopleindevelopingcountriescutdowntheirsugarintakeaccordingtotheWHO?A.10%B.15%C.5%D.30%31.WecanlearnfromthetextthatA.addedsugarisn’tmarkedonfoodpackagesB.weshoulddrinkaslittlemilkaspossibleasitcontainssugar.C.softdrinksdon’tcontainaddedsugarD.thelessexerciseyoudothefewersweetthingsyoushouldeat
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