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阅读理解C Robots are smart. With their computer brains, they help people work in dangerous places or...
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Nowsomerobots机器人aretodothesamethingspeople. A.en
Nowsomerobotsaretodothesamethingspeople.A.enoughsm
Peoplebegantomakerobotsaboutsevenhundredyearsago.I
Nowsomerobotsaretodothesamethingspeople. A.enoug
Somerobotsare______todothesamethings______peoplE.
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阅读理解DoyouknowthemovieIRobot?Ittellsusastoryaboutth
阅读理解DoyouknowthemovieIRobot?Ittellsusastoryaboutth
完形填空ArobotisaspecialkindofmachinE.Itisamachinethat
阅读理解Haveyounoticedyourlifebecomingalittleeasier?No
阅读理解Scientistshavewrittenareportonthefutureoftrade
Now.somerobotsaretodothesamethingspeopledo. A.en
阅读判断根据短文内容判断正误正确的用A.错误的用B.Robotshavebeendesignedto
RobotsaresmartWiththeircomputerbrainstheyhelppeopl
阅读理解阅读下面三篇短文根据内容选择最佳答案Thefirstrobotswereinventedin
Robotsaresmart.Theycanhelppeopledosomedifficultjob
Theworld’sfirstrobotpoliceofficerhasstartedworking
Robotsindustryisdevelopingsorapidlythatthereisnode
Somerobotsare_________todothesamethings________peo
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下面短文中有10处语言错误请在有错误的地方增加删除或修改某个单词增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号∧并在其下
It'sdifficultforrobotstothinklikehumansotheycannev
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TheRedPandaisn’tmuchbiggerthananaveragesizehousecat.Atfirstyoumaythinkit’sabearbecauseofitsnamE.They’reactuallyamemberoftheraccoon浣熊familywhichyoucantellifyoulookattheirappearancE.TheRedPandahasalongbushytailthatisusefulintwoways.Ithelpsthemstaybalancedwhentheyarehighupinthetreesanditkeepsthemwarmincoldweather.Theirfuristhickandreddishbrownwhichmaybewhythey’reknownasthefirefox.TheRedPandacanbefoundinforestedmountains.They’reoriginallyfromtheforestedmountainintheHimalayasinIndiaNepalandSouthernChinA.Bambooisthemostimportantpartoftheirdiet.Theyonlyeattheyoungleavesandshoots嫩芽ofabambooplant.RedPandashaveaverylowmetabolic新陈代谢的rateinordertodealwiththeirlowenergydietandcoolenvironmentaltemperatures.They’reveryshyandgentleanddon’thangaroundthewildtoomuchduringtheday.Iftheyfeelendangeredthey’llstandontheirbacklegsandmakeahissing嘶嘶sounD.RedPandasaregoodclimbersandspendmostoftheirtimelivingmainlyintrees.Theirclawsareverystrongandhelpthemholdontothebranches.Theysleepinanunusualwaybycurlinguptightlyandwrappingtheirtailsaroundtheirheadswhilesittingonabranch.Sometimesthey’llsleepwiththeirheadbeneaththeirchestandbehindtheirbackfeet.ThisisthesamepositionasanAmericanraccoonsleeps.YoucantellthattheRedPandaisamemberoftheraccoonfamilyfrom____.A.itsnameB.itsappearanceC.itsdietD.itslivingplaceWhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.TheRedPandacanonlybefoundinIndiaNepalandSouthernChinA.B.TheRedPanda’stailcanhelpitstaybalancedwhenitishighupinthetrees.C.TheRedPandaeatsthewholeofthebamboo.D.TheRedPandahashighmetabolicratewhenthetemperatureislow.WhatwillRedPandasdowhentheyareintrouble?A.Theywillhangaroundthewildduringtheday.B.Theywillclimbintothetrees.C.Theywillwraptheirtailsaroundtheirheads.D.TheywillstandontheirbacklegsandmakeahissingsounD.TheRedPandaholdsontothebrancheswithits____.A.tailB.furC.backlegsD.claws
DCantreestalk?Yes---butnotinwords.Scientistshavereasontobelievethattreesdocommunicatewitheachother.Notlongagoresearcherslearnedsomesurprisingthings.Firstawillowtree柳树attackedinthewoodsbycaterpillars毛毛虫changedthechemistryofitsleavesandmadethemtastelesssothatthecaterpillarsgottiredoftheleavesandstoppedeatingthem.Theevenmoreastonishingthetreesentoutaspecialvapor---asignalcausingitsneighborstochangethechemistryoftheirownleavesandmakethemselvestastealsoterriblE.Communicationofcoursedoesn’tneedtobealwaysinwords.Wecantalktoeachotherbysmilingraisingourshouldersandmovingourhands.Weknowthatbirdsandanimalsuseawholevocabularyofsongssoundsandmovements.Beesdancetheirsignalsflyingincertainpatternsthattellotherbeeswheretofindnectar花蜜forhoney.Soshyshouldn’ttreeshavewaysofsendingmessages?71.Whenattackedawillowtreewillprotectitselfby_______.A.changingitsleaves’chemistryB.changingitsleaves’colorC.talkingtocaterpillarsD.sendingaspecialvapor72.Fromthepassageweknowthatcaterpillars_______.A.likewillowtreesB.enjoyeatingfallenleavesC.feedonwillowtreeleavesD.couldcommunicatewithwillowtrees73.Caterpillarswillstopeatingwillowtreeleaveswhich_______A.haveachemicalchangeandbecometastelessB.haveapleasanttasteC.arebeingattackedD.arecommunicating74.Accordingtothepassagehowdowillowtreescommunicatewitheachother?A.Theytalkinwords.B.Theysendaspecialvapor.C.Theywavetheirleaves.D.Theymakespecialsounds.75.Accordingtothepassagebeescommunicatewitheachotherby_______.A.talkingB.makingunusualsoundsC.singingD.flyingincertainpatterns
ThefamousAmericangorilla大猩猩expertDianeFosseyhadacompletelynewwaytostudygorillas—shepretendedtobeoneofthem.Shecopiedtheiractionsandwayoflife—eatingplantsandgettingdownonherhandsandkneestowalkthewayagorilladoes.Itwasanewrelationship.DianeFosseywasmurderedinRwandain1985andherstorywasmadeintothepopularfilmGorillasintheMist.ItwasalongwayfromKingKongwhichisaboutagorillaasamonsterafrighteninganimalandhelpedtoshowanewidea:therealmonsterismanwhilethegorillaistobeadmireD.Todaytherearethoughttobearound48000lowlandgorillasandmaybe400—450mountaingorillasinthewilD.FromtheCongoinWestAfricatoRwandaandUgandafurthereasttheyareendangeredbyhuntingandbythecuttingdownoftheirforesthomes.SometimeagoIfoundinmyletterboxalittlemagazinefromtheWorldWideFundforNaturE.IthadtwophotossidebysidE.OnewasofayounggorillA.Thisisaspeciesofmammal哺乳类动物saidthewordsbelowit.Itisbeingdestroyedbyman.WemustsaveitforourowngooD.Theotherphotoshowedahumanbaby.ThewordsalsoreadThisisaspeciesofmammalbutthenwenton:Itisthemostdestructive破坏性的onearth.WemustretrainitforitsowngooD.Thetextmainlytalksabout_____.A.DianeFosseyB.thegorillasinRwandaC.theprotectionofthegorillasD.thefilmGorillasintheMistWecanlearnfromthetextthat_____.A.GorillasinthemistwasbasedFossey’sexperiencesB.LowlandgorillaslivelongerthanmountaingorillasC.KingKongshowedusthatagorillaisadmirableD.DianeFosseywasmurderedbyagorillaWhatmessagecanwegetfromthetwophotosinthemagazine?A.Gorillasareman’sclosefriends.B.BothmanandthegorillaneedtobesaveD.C.Younggorillasareaslovelyashumanbabies.D.ManshouldlivepeacefullywiththegorillA.
CJohnSteinbeckoncesaidAllAmericansbelievetheyarebornfishermen.Foramantoadmittoadistasteinfishingwouldbelikedenouncing公开指责mother–loveorhatingmoonlight.Ican’tsaythatI’mthebiggestJohnSteinbeckfan.ActuallytheonlythingIcaneverrememberreadingbyhimwasThepearlwhenIwasinmiddleschoolbutIcouldn’tagreemorewiththemanwhenitcomestofishing.WhetherIamonaboatinthemiddleoftheLayLakefishingofftheshoresoftheFloridaKeysfortarpon大海鲢orcatchingrainbowtrout红鲭鱼intheShoshoneRiverofWyomingfishingismylifE.AccordingtotheAmericanSportsFishingAssociationthefishingindustrybringsinmorethan$116billionperyearfromfishermenacrossthecountry.Thoughabeautifulpicturetoimaginefishingismuchmorethanthat.Fishingisawayoflifeformanypeopleandawaytoescapeeverydaystress.BeingafishermanmakesmeamemberofawonderfulgroupofpeopleextendingtoallwalksoflifE.EvenPresidentBushcanbefoundfishingonhisfarminTexaswithhisgoodfriendRolandMartinwhenthejobgetstoostressful.IcanrememberfishingwithmygrandfatherwhenIwas5yearsoldonhisboatatLakeMitchell.AlthoughIdidn’tunderstandwhatIdoing.Ididknowthatmygrandfatherwashappyandthatmademehappy.SincethenI’vespentthepast16yearsontheriversandlakesofAlabamA.AfterdaysofpracticebeforeandafterworkIslowlydevelopedanunderstandingoffishing.Myboss.RicHorsttookmebacktotheShoshoneandImanagedtobringina19–inchcutthroattrout.FishingwithRicwasalife–changingexperienceformE.Henotonlyshowedmyhowtofishcorrectlybutalsotoldmehowfishingcouldbeawaytoescapeyourproblems.Sincethenprime–time黄金时间seasonseemstotakeforevertoarrivE.NowwiththeendingofFebruaryandbeginningofMarchinsighttheexcitementofheadingoutLakeTuscaloosaorLakeLurleenbeforeclassesandcatchingsomethinghasfinallyreturneD.51.WhatJohnSteinbecksaidinthefirstparagraphimpliesthat________.A.Americansarebelievedtobetheoffspring后代offishermenB.itisunthinkableforanAmericantoadmithisdislikeoffishingC.allAmericansareexpertatfishingD.thosewhodislikefishingwouldnotlovetheirmother52.Thewritercametounderstandtherealmeaningoffishing________.A.whenhewasreadingThepearlbyJohnSteinbeckB.whenhewentfishingwithhisgrandfatheratLakeMitchellC.afterhehadspent16yearsontheriversandlakesofAlabamaD.afterhewentfishingwithhisbossRicHorstontheShoshone53.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Theauthorisatmost21yearsolD.B.TheauthorregardsfishingasaveryimportantpartinhislifE.C.TheauthoragreedwithJohnSteinbeckthemostwhenhewasinmiddleschool.D.PresidentBushoftengoesfishinginpublicinordertocollectideaforhisjoB.54.Accordingtotheauthor__________.A.peoplecangettoknowVIPswhenfishing.B.peoplecansmoothawayallthetroublesbyfishingC.FishingisawayofcommunicationD.FishingisawaytomakealivingformostAmericanpeople55.Whatisthepurposeofthewriting?A.Todescribethewriter’sexperienceandunderstandingoffishing.B.ToexplainthereasonwhysomanyAmericanslikefishing.C.Tomakeothersunderstandtheindustryoffishing.D.Toexpresshisopinionsaboutfishingindifferenttimeoftheyear.
Around500000yearsagoatthePekingManSiteatZhoukoudianinBeijing’ssuburbanFangshandistrictwhichisabout50kmfromthecityofBeijingtherelivedearlyhumanbeingssaysaChinahistorytextbook.ThetextbooknowhastobereviseD.NewdatingtechniquessuggesttheremainsofPekingMan---foundinthe1920s---areover200000yearsolderthanpreviouslythought.What’simportantaboutthatdateabout770000agoisthatthiswasaniceageonEarth.OverEarth’slonghistorytherehavebeenanumberoftimeswheniceandsnowcoveredalargepartofitssurfacE.Suchperiodsareknownasiceages.Earthisinaniceagenow.Itstartedabout2millionyearsago.Despitethemanywarmperiodssincethenscientistsregardthewholetimeasoneiceagebecauseofthecontinuousexistenceofatleastonelargeicesheet---theoneoverAntarcticA.ThenewdiscoverywasmadebyChineseandUSscientists.ItsuggestsPekingManisprobablyouroldestcoldweatherhumanbeingsaidDarrylGrangeranatmosphericscientistatPurdueUniversitywhoseresearchappearsinThursday’seditionofthejournalNaturE.TheaverageyearlytemperatureatthetimeinthatpartofChinawasaroundthefreezingmarkbutitwastoodryforanicesheetGrangersaiD.Thisraisesaquestion.HowdidPekingMansurvivethecoldweather?RickPottsaSmithsonianInstitutionhumanoriginsexpertwhowasn’tinvolvedintheresearchraisedthreepossibilities:FirstfirE.EarlyfindingsshowedsignsofafireinPekingMan’scavE.ButtherehasbeendebateaboutwhetherthefirewasaccidentalorcontrolleD.Secondfur.ThereisnoevidencethatPekingManusedsimpletoolstomakemoreform-fittingclothesit’smorelikelyheworeanimalfur.LastlyhemayhavedevelopedgraduallytohandlethecolD.PekingManmayhaveexperiencedphysiologicalchangesthatallowedmorebloodtoflowtohishandsandlegsPottssaiD.PeopleingeneralwholiveincolderclimatestendtobeshorterandwiderheexplaineD.UnlikethetimesofPekingMantodaytheglobaltemperatureisrisingduetothegreenhouseeffect.InthefuturecouldhumansdeveloptohandlethewarmthjustasPekingMandidtofightthecold?72.AccordingtothenewresearchPekingManactuallydatesbackto_______.A.around500000yearsagoB.over200000yearsC.about770000yearsagoD.about2millionyearsago73.Whatisthemostimportantstandardforscientiststodecideaniceage?A.Theweatherconditions.B.Thecontinuousexistenceofanylargeicesheets.C.TheaverageyearlytemperatureD.Thelongperiodofsnowfall74.WhichofthefollowingistrueofPekingMan?A.HeistheoldesthumanbeingB.HeusedfiretokeepwarmC.Heworeform-fittingclothesmadefromfurwithsimpletools.D.Hemighthavebeenshorterandwiderthanpreviouslythought.75.ThefollowingareallthepossibilitiesEXCEPT_______thatthePekingMansurvivedthecoldweather.A.puttinguptentstokeepthecoldoutB.wearinganimalfurC.usingfireintheircaveD.developinggraduallytohandlethecolD.
Animalscanmovefromplacetoplacebutplantscannot.Whenananimalisunderattackitcanrunawayorfightback.Plantscertainlycannotrunawayandtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexampletheleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines刺thatdiscouragegrass-eatinganimals.Hollyleavesonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplantssuchastheoaktreehavethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassesmaycontainasandymaterial;eatingsuchgrasseswearsdowntheanimal’steeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar毛虫bitesatobaccoleaftheleafproducesachemicalmessenger.ThismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotinE.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.A.certainplantinChinaforinstancehasprickly多刺的leavesandeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom毒液.A.singleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuturE.67.Thehollyplanthasmorespinesonthelowerleavesbecausemostanimals________.A.arenottallenoughB.likethelowerleavesonlyC.arenotcleverenoughD.cangetthelowerleaveseasily68.Todefendthemselvesoaktreesuse________.A.chemicalmeansB.physicalmeansC.bitterchemicalsD.sandymaterials69.Howdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?A.Itsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.B.Itsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.C.ItsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattackeD.D.Itsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodrivethecaterpillaraway.70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.PlantsandAnimalsB.HowPlantsDefendThemselvesC.AttacksandDefensesD.HowAnimalsEatPlantLeaves
CSometimeswecrybecausewearesadandsometimesbecauseweareextremelyhappy.Anirritant刺激物suchasonion洋葱smellorgrainsofsandintheeyecanalsomakecry.InthiscasetearsperformanobviousroleingettingridofsubstancesthatmightharmthesurfaceoftheeyE.Dr.WilliamFreyoftheDryEyeandTearResearchCenteratSt.PaulinMinnesotaUSAbelievesthattearsfromemotionalcausesmayperformasimilarrolE.Hethinksthatcryingcouldgetridofemotionalstressbywashingawayachemicalinthebloodcausedbystrongemotions.Toprovehistheoryhehopesfirsttoidentifythischemicalandthenseeifitisfoundintearsofsadnessorhappiness.SofarDr.FreyhasfailedtofindoutthedifferencebetweenemotionaltearsandtearscausedbyanirritantintheeyE.Thismaybebecausethesesubstancesthemselvescauseadegreeofstressandemotion.Whathehasidentifiedinalltearsisavarietyofbiochemicals生化物whichareoneofthecausesofstress.Amoredetailedstudymayhelpusunderstandwhysufferersfromstress-relateddisorderscrylessoftenthanhealthypeoplE.Dr.Freyisalsoveryinterestedtoseeifthereareanyphysiological生理学的explanationsforwhywomeningeneralcryfivetimesmoreoftenthanmenonaveragE.64.ThemainpurposeofDr.Frey’sstudyoftearsistoA.showthattherearetwotypesoftearscausedbyirritantsandbyemotionsB.findoutthecauseofstress-relatedproblemsandemotionaldisordersC.explainwhywomencrymoreoftenthanmenD.provethattearscanremoveachemicalinthebloodcausedbystrongemotions65.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Tearsfailtohelpgetridofemotionalstress.B.Irritantsintheeyeresultintearswithoutcausingstressandemotion.C.Healthypeoplecrymoreoftenthanthosewithstress-relatedproblems.D.ThebiochemicalidentifiedbyDr.Freyhasnothingtodowithstress.66.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat__________.A.cryingdoesusmoreharmthangoodB.innerfeelingsdon’taffectourbodiesC.sorrowmaycausesomechemicalsinourbloodD.emotionaltearsaredifferentfromtearscausedbyirritantsintheeye67.Dr.Freybelievesthattearsfromemotionalcausesmayplayaroleingettingridof______.A.emotionalstressbywashingawayachemicalinthebloodB.onionsmellorgrainsofsandC.sufferingsfromirritantsD.substancesthatmightnotharmthesurfaceoftheeye
DGauriNandaseesawearablecomputerasahandbag—onethat’sbuiltoutoffour-inchsquaresandtrianglesoffiberwithtinycomputerchipsembedded嵌入init.ItlooksfeelsandweighslikeyourtypicalleatherpursE.That’swheresimilaritiesend:Thisbagcanwirelesslykeeptrackofyourbelongingsandremindyoujustasyou’reabouttoleavethehousetotakeyourwallet.ItcanreviewtheweatherreportandsuggestthatyougrabanumbrellA.Thispursecanevenuploadyourfavoritesongsontoyourscarf.Sureacomputingpurseandscarfsetmayseemlikethestuffofsciencefiction.Butthesedevicespartofnextgenerationofwearablecomputerscouldbecomecommonplacewithinafewyears.DuPontcreatednewsuperstrongfibersthatcanconductelectricityandcanbewovenintoordinary-lookingclothes.Andthechipmakerdevelopedchippackagingallowingwearablecomputerstobewashedevenintheheavy-dutycyclE.Asaresultthesenewwearabledevicesaredifferentfromtheheavyanddownrightsillyversionsoftherecentpastwhichoftenrequireduserstobewrappedinwiresandtypeontheirstomachs.UnliketheirpredecessorsthesenewwearablecomputersalsomakeeconomicsensE.WhenherbagbecomescommerciallyavailableintwotothreeyearsNandaexpectsitwillcostaround$150whichisthepriceofanaverageleatherpursE.Here’showthebagworks:Youplaceaspecialradio-signal-transmittingchipontoyourwallet.A.similarradioinyourpursepicksupthesignalandnotifiesyouthatyou’veforgottentotakeyourwallet.Inturnsensorsonyourpurse’shandleswillnotifythecomputerthatyou’vepickedupthepurseandarereadytogo.Alreadythesenewkindsofwearabledevicesarebeingadoptedforuseinmarketslikeautorepairemergencyservicesmedicalmonitoring—andevenincreasinglyforconsumersatlargE.Indeedmorepeoplewillwanttocrossthatbridgeinthecomingyears---makingforaboomingmarketforwearablecomputersthatdon’tlikesomethingoutofsciencefiction.52.Whichofthefollowingdescribesawearablecomputer?A.ItcanbewashedinawashingmachinE.B.ItismuchheavierthanaleatherpursE.C.ItcandownloadsongsfromtheInternet.D.Itismadeofclothesconductingelectricity.53.Accordingtothepassagethesenewwearablecomputers______.A.requireuserstooperateonthestomachB.pickupthesignalsthroughwiresandchipC.arebeingappliedinsomedifferentareasnowD.aresmarterbutmoreexpensivethantheoldones54.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A.ThesenewwearablecomputershavebecomefashionablE.B.Peoplewouldliketolearnmoreaboutthesenewcomputers.C.ThesenewwearablecomputerspromisetosellwellinthefuturE.D.Theideaofthesepurse-likecomputerscomesfromsciencefiction.55.Thepurposeofthepassageis______.A.tointroduceanewkindofcomputerB.toexplainthefunctionofcomputersC.tocomparedifferenttypesofcomputersD.toshowhowhightechnologyaffectsourlife
阅读下面短文简要回答问题BaloneyisakindofsausagethatmanyAmericanseatoften.ThewordalsohasanothermeaninginEnglish.Itisusedtodescribesomething—usuallysomethingsomeonesays—thatisfalseorwrongorfoolish.BaloneysausagecomesfromthenameoftheItaliancityBolognA.Thecityisfamousforitssausageamixtureofsmokedspicedmeatfromcowsandpigs.ButboloneysausagedoesnottastethesameasbeeforporkalonE.Somelanguageexpertsthinkthisdifferenttasteisresponsibleforthebirthoftheexpressionbaloney.Baloneyisanideaorstatementthatisnothinglikethetruth...inthesamewaythatbaloneysausagetastesnothinglikethemeatthatisusedtomakeit.Baloneyisawordoftenusedbypoliticianstodescribetheideasoftheiropponents.Theexpressionhasbeenusedforyears.FiftyyearsagoaformergovernorofNewYorkStateAlfredSmithcriticizedsomeclaimsbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltaboutthesuccessesoftheRooseveltadministration.SmithsaidNomatterhowthinyousliceititisstillbaloney.A.similarwordhasalmostthesamemeaningasbaloney.ItevensoundsalmostthesamE.Thewordisblarney.ItbeganinIrelandabout1600.ThelordofBlarneycastlenearCorkagreedtosurrenderthecastletoBritishtroops.Buthekeptmakingexcusesforpostponingthesurrender.Andhemadethemsoundlikeverygoodexcusesthisisjustmoreofthesameblarney.TheIrishcastlenowisfamousforitsBlarneystonE.Kissingthestoneisthoughttogiveapersonspecialpowersofspeech.OnewhohaskissedtheBlarneystonesothestorygoescanspeakwordsofpraisesosmoothlyandsweetlythatyoubelievethemevenwhenyouknowtheyarefalsE.73.Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordbaloney.74.AccordingtoAmericanswhatdoesbaloneyreferto?回答词数不超过8个75.WhatdoyouknowaboutthelordofBlarneycastlenearCork?回答词数不超过6个
Cloningissuggestedasameansofbringingbackarelativeusuallyachildkilledtragically.SomeparentscanunderstandthatwishbutitmustfirstberecognizedthatthecopywouldbeanewbabyandnotthelostchilD.HereliesthedifficultyforthesadparentsareseekingnotanewbabybutareturnofthedeadonE.Sincetheoriginalwouldbefondlyrememberedashavingparticulartalentsandinterestswouldnottheparentsexpectthecopytobethesame?Itispossiblehoweverthatthecopywoulddevelopquitedifferently.Isitfairtothenewchildtobeplacedinafamilywithsuchunnaturalexpectations?Copyingisalsosuggestedasameansbywhichparentscanhavethechildoftheirdreams.Couplesmightchoosetohaveacopyofafilmstarbaseballplayerorscientistdependingontheirinterest.Butbecausepersonalityisonlypartlytheresultofgeneticinheritance遗传conflictswouldbesuretoariseiftheclonedchildfailedtodevelopthesameinterestsastheoriginal.WhatifthecopyofEinsteinshowsnointerestinscience?Orthebaseballplayerturnstoacting?SuccessalsodependsuponfortunE.Whatifthechilddoesnotliveuptothehopesanddreamsoftheparentssimplybecauseofbadluck?Everychildshouldbewantedforitselfasanindividual.Inmakingacopyofoneselforsomefamouspersonaparentisdeliberately深思熟虑地specifying详细说明thewayheorshewishesthatchildtodevelop.InrecentyearsparticularlyintheU.S.muchimportancehasbeenplacedontherightofindividualstoreproduceinwaysthattheywish.SoIsuggestthereisagreaterneedtoconsidertheinterestsofthechildandtorejecttheseproposedusesofcloning.40.Whathappenstoparentsincloningalostchild?A.Parentsexpecttoomuchfromthecopy.B.Parentsmaygetaquitedifferentcopy.C.Parentsaresuretohaveanidenticalcopy.D.ParentslosethetalentsofthelostchilD.41.Whatintheauthor’sopinionaffectsthesuccessofparents’dreams?A.Theclonedchild’sinterestinEinstein.B.Theclonedchild’snaturaltalent.C.Theclonedchild’spersonality.D.Theeffortsoftheparents.42.Inthethirdparagraphtheauthorimpliesthat______.A.theclonedchildisviewedasindependentB.therightofgrowinginhisownwayistakenawayfromtheclonedchildC.parentscarefullyprotecttherightsoftheclonedchildD.parentsareeagertowishtheclonedchildtobesomebody.43.Inthispassagetheauthorismainlyconcernedabout______.A.thefutureofaclonedchildB.thepossibilityofcloningpeopleC.theimportanceofcloningalostchildD.theproblemsofcloninglife
DTheoldestformsofmedicineareenjoyingacomeback.ModernholisticmedicineisanapproachthattreatsthewholepatientnotjustthediseasE.Itisawaytomaintaingoodhealthratherthancureillness.Themostimportantinfluencesontoday’sholisticmedicineareancientChinesemedicineandIndianAyurvedicmedicinebothofwhichpromotedwholebodyhealth.Holisticmedicineusuallycombinesdietphysicalexerciseandmeditationtogetherwithotheralternativetechniquessuchasmassage按摩andacupuncture针炙.HerbaltreatmentapracticeoftreatingillnessbyusingplantsisinfluencedbythewritingsofCulpeperaswellasChineseandAyurvedicmedicinE.Homeopathy顺势疗法isoneoftheformsofholisticmedicinewhichiswidelypracticedinEuropeandtheUSA.HomeopathybeganinGermanyintheearly1800swhenSamuelHahnemanndescribedhowverytinydoses剂量ofadrughadaneffectonhispatients.AccordingtoHahnemannthemorethedrugwasdiluted稀释thestrongeritseffects.Thesubstanceselectedwouldproducesimilareffectstothediseaseitselfifgiveninlargedoses.IntheUKhomeopathyisregardedasanon-traditionalbutjustaboutacceptabletreatment.MeditationandcontemplationhaveanimportantroleinholisticmedicinE.TheywerebroughttoEuropebyIndianteacherswhocombinedIndianAyurvedicmedicinewithWesternbeliefs.Transcendentalmeditation超脱__isoneofthebestknownofthesetechniques.Peoplerepeatwordsinsidetheirheadtoreachastateofdeeprelaxation.TheholisticmovementhasmademanydoctorslookatthewholepatientnotjustthediseasE.Life-styleemotionalproblemsanddietarejustsomeofthefactorsthatcanaffectaperson’shealth.Holisticmedicineemphasizesgooddietexerciseandfreshairallofwhichcontributetohealth.Someclinicsnowofferholisticmedicinealongwithtraditionaltreatmentssothattheirpatientscanchooseacombinationoftreatmentsthatsuitsthem.OneproblemwithholisticmedicineisthatitisdifficultforpeopletobesureadoctorisreliablE.Tosolvethismanycountrieswantalternativedoctorstoformprofessionalbodies.51.Modernholisticmedicinecentresupon.A.curingadiseaseB.herbaltreatmentC.continuousdevelopmentD.keepingpatientshealthy52.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtoholisticmedicine?A.massageB.meditationC.abalanceddietD.akneeoperation53.Theprincipleofhomeopathyisthat.A.thelargedosesofmedicinethatwillnotbeharmfulwilltakebettereffectB.thediseasewillbecuredsoonerbytakinglargerdosesofmedicineC.asmallthinnerdoseofmedicinewillbemoreeffectiveD.thedosesofmedicinedependonhowserioustheillnessis54.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsumsupthepassage?A.HolisticMedicineB.TraditionalMedicineReturnsC.HistoryofMedicineD.CombinationofTreatmentsWorks55.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Relaxationisthekeyofholistictreatment.B.Holisticmedicineneedstobecomemoretrustworthy.C.Holistictreatmentismorebeneficialthantraditionaltreatments.D.Holisticmedicinewillbecomethemostwelcometreatmentsoon.
Itisnotunusualtoseeyourdesk-mateyawn打呵欠ashecomplainsthathedidn'thaveagoodsleepthenightbeforE.Manyteensdon'tgetenoughsleepbecausetheyhavetoomuchhomeworkwhichkeepsthemupatnight.Someteenscannotsleepatnightevenwhentheywantto.Studiesshowthatduringyourteenageyearsthebody'sbiologicalclockisresettellingyoutosleeplateratnightandwakeuplaterinthemorning.Butchangesinthebodyclockaren'ttheonlyreasonteenslosesleep.Lotsofpeoplehaveinsomnia失眠.Themostcommoncauseofinsomniaisstress.ButallsortsofthingscanleadtoinsomniA.Theseincludephysicaldiscomfortemotionaltroublesandevensleepingenvironment.It'scommonforeveryonetohaveinsomniafromtimetotimE.Butifitlastsforamonthormoregoandseeadoctor.Somepeoplehaveaconditionthatcausesstomachacid酸tomovebackwardtowardsthechest.Thisproducestheuncomfortableburningfeelingcalledheartburn.Soevenifthepersondoesn'tnoticethefeelingsofheartburnbecauseheissleepinghemayfeeltiredthenextday.Mostteenshavenightmaressometimes.Butiftheyarefrequentaperson'ssleeppatterncanbeseriouslyaffecteD.Themostcommoncauseofnightmaresisemotionalproblemssuchasstress压力oranxiety.Ifyouhavethemalotit'sagoodideatotalktoadoctor.Doctorsencourageteenstomakelifestylechangestodevelopgoodsleepinghabits.YouprobablyknowthatcoffeecankeepyouawakebutdidyouknowthatplayingvideogamesorwatchingTVdoesthesame?1.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphis________.A.Thereisaproblemthatteenagerscan’tgetenoughsleep.B.Sleepingproblemshavedifferentcauses.C.Yawningisagoodwaytogetridofsleep.D.Teenagerscaretoomuchforhomework.2.TheTeenagers’biologicalclock________.A.easilymakesteenagersleadtoinsomniaB.istheoriginoftheirinsomniaC.providesthemwithplentyoftimeatnightD.ishelpfultoimprovetheirconcentration注意力3.Whatdoesthewritersayaboutnightmares?A.Itisnothingandshouldn’tbetakenseriously.B.Itcanreleasetheirstressoranxiety.C.Emotionalproblemsaretheonlywaytoformnightmares.D.Peoplewillsufferfromsleepiffrequent.4.Whichwaycanhelptogetridofinsomnia?A.DrinkingsomecoffeebeforegoingtobeD.B.PlayingvideogameorwatchingTVfromtimetotimE.C.Turningtoadoctorforhelp.D.EatingmuchmedicineforinsomniA.
Haveyouevernoticedthecolourofthewaterinariverorstreamafteraheavyrainfall?Whatdoyouthinkcausedthischangeincolour?Itissoilthathasbeenwashedintotheriverfromtheriverbankorfromt}lenearbyfields.ComponentsofSoftSoilismadeupofanumberoflayers层eachhavingitsowndistinctivecolourandtexturE.Theupperlayerisknownasthelitter.Itactslikeablanket.limitingtemperaturechangesandreducingwaterloss.Thetopsoillayerismadeupofsmallparticlesofrockmixedwithrottenplantandanimalmattercalledhumus腐殖质whichisblackandgivesthetopsoilitsdarkcolour.Thislayerisusuallyrichinnutrientsoxygenandwater.Belowthetopsoilisthesubsoilalayerthatcontainsmorestonesmixedwithonlysmallamountsoforganicmatter.Thislayerislighterincolourbecauseofthelackofhumus.Beneaththesoilliesalayerofbedrock.Soilformsfromthebottomup.Overtimebedrockisattackedbyrainwindfrostandsnow.Itisgraduallybrokendownintosmallerparticlesinaprocesscalledweathering.Plantsbegintogrowandrottenmaterialsenrichthetopsoil.MostofthesoilinEasternCanadA.forexamplE.Wasformedfromweatheredrockthatwasexposedwhentheicedisappearedl2.000yearsag0.WaterBeneaththeSoilSurfacewatercollectsandflowsabovethegroundinlakes.ponds.andrivers.Onceinthesoilorrockitiscalledgroundwater.Gravitypullsgroundwaterthroughthesoilinaprocesscalledpercolation渗透.EventuallythewaterreachesalayercalledthewatertablE.UnderthisisbedrockthroughwhichwatercannotpercolatE.Aswaterpercolatesdownwarditdissolvesorganicmatterandmineralsfromthesoilandcarriesthemtodeeperlayers.Thiscausesaseriousproblembecauseplantsrequirethesenutrientsforgrowth.SoilpHSoilcanbeacidiC.neutral.orbasiC.ThepHofthesoilisdeterminedbythenatureoftherockfromwhichitwasformeD.andbythenatureoft}leplantsthatgrowandrotinit.TheacidityofrainandsnowcanlowerthepHofthegroundwaterthatentersthesoil.Byburningfossilfuelssuchascoaloilandgasolinehumanshavebeencontributingtohigherlevelsofacidityinmanysoils.WhenfossilfuelsareburneD.gasesarereleasedintotheairandthenfallbacktoearthasacidrain.Acidsoilincreases出eproblemofcarryingnutrientstolowersoillevels.AsnutrientsareremovedsoilislessfertilE.Plantsgrowmoreslowlyinacidicsoilandalsobecomeeasilyattackedbydiseases.67.ThelayerofsoilthatprovidesnecessarynutrientsforplantgrowthiscalleD.A.1itterB.topsoilC.humusD.subsoil68.Accordingtothetext.whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.SoilformsfromweatheredrockontheearthsurfacE.B.Thedeeperlayerofsoilisdarkerincolourthant}lesurfacesoil.C.Airpollutionispartiallyresponsibleforacidsoil.D.Groundwatertendstocarryawaynutrientsforplantgrowth.69.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewatertablelies.A.betweenthetopsoillayerandthesubsoillayerB.inthesubsoillayerabovebedrockC.betweenthesubsoillayerandbedrockD.inthebedrocklayerbeneaththesubsoil70.Theunderlinedworddissolveisusedtoexpresstheideathatorganicmatterandmineralsfromsoilare.A.rushedawayintotheriverB.cleanedandpurifiedbywaterC.destroyedandcarriedawaybywaterD.mixedwithwaterandbecomepartofit
SportscanhelpyoukeepfitandgetintouchwithnaturE.Howeverwhetheryouareonthemountainsinthewavesoronthegrasslandyoushouldbeawarethatyoursportofchoicemighthavegreatinfluenceontheenvironment.Somesportsareresource-hungry.Golfasyoumayknoweatsupnotonlylargeareasofcountrysidebutalsotonsofwater.Besidesallsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses球场ingoodcondition.Thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects.ForexampleinthedryregionsofPortugalandSpaingolfisoftenheldresponsibleforseriouswatershortageinsomelocalareas.Therearemanyenvironment-friendlysports.Powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday.Youdon’tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes;andyoudon’thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpursE.Simpleandfreepowerwalkingcanalsokeepyoufit.Ifyouwalkregularlyitwillbegoodforyourheartandbones.Expertssaythat20minutesofpowerwalkingdailycanmakeyoufeellessanxioussleepwellandhavebetterweightcontrol.Whateversportyoutakeupyoucanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment-friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials.Butthefinalgoalshouldbegreengyms.Theyarebetterreplacementsfortraditionalhealthclubsandmodernsportscenters.Membersofgreengymsplaysportsoutdoorsinthecountrysideorotheropenspaces.Thereisnospecialrequirementforyoutostartyourmembership.Andbestofallit’sfreE.49.Theauthorthinksthegolfisresource-hungrybecauseofthefollowingEXCEPTthat_____.A.GolfwasteslargeareasofcountrysideB.GolfrunsoutofmuchwaterC.KeepinggolfcourtingoodconditionneedstoomuchenergyD.Golfisbadforpeople’shealth50.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisanenvironment-friendlysport?A.swimminginthepoolB.hikinginthehillsC.playingbasketballinthegymD.motorracinginthedesert51.Thereasonwhytheauthorusespowerwalkingasanexamplemainlyisbecause_________.A.itimprovesourhealthB.itusesfewerresourcesC.itisanoutdoorsportD.itisrecommendedbyexperts52.Thepurposeoftheauthor’swritingthispassageisto______.A.showusthefunctionofmajorsportsB.encourageustogoinforgreensportsC.discussthemajorinfluenceofpopularsportsD.introducedifferenttypesofenvironment-friendlysports
WhilescientistsareworriedthathumansarecausinghighertemperaturesontheEarthaMarylandmanAcethinkswecansavetheworldbyspraying喷射hugeamountsofwaterintotheair.AcetoldtheMcClatchyNewsServicethatatleast1000placesshouldbechosentospraywater.Thewaterwouldbesprayedbetween20and200feetintotheair.ThousandsoftonsofseawaterwouldbesprayedforyearsatatimE.The1000siteswouldbepickedaftermorestudies.TheywouldbemostlyintheNorthernHemisphere北半球.Acesayshewouldavoidtropical热带的areasoftheglobE.Hesayswaterturnstoraintooquicklyintheseareasforhisplantowork.Thewaterwouldbechangedintovapor.Thatprocessrequiresheat.ThewatervaporwouldriseabovetheEarth.Thewatervaporwouldformclouds.Thecloudswouldhelpinseveralways.TheywouldcooltheEarthbyreflectingsunlight.Theywouldlaterturnintorains.TherainswouldprovideanotherwayofcoolingtheEarth.Ace’splanhasgottensomesupportfromalimitedscientificstudy.KennethCaldeiraisaclimatescientist.HeworksattheCarnegieInstitution’sDepartmentofGlobalEcologyatStanfordUniversityinCaliforniA.CaldeiratestedsomeoftheAce’sfiguresonacomputerprogram.ThecomputermodelisusedbytopscientiststostudyglobalclimatechangE.Themodelshowedthattheplanmightwork.Moretestsareplannedin2009.IdeaslikeAce’sshouldbeconsideredcarefullyandwithanopenmindCalderirasaiD.Everybrilliant卓越的inventioninthehistoryoftechnologylookedalittlebitmadwhenfirstputforwarD.65.What’sthepurposeofAce’splan?A.Toreduceairpollution.B.Tomakesummercooler.C.Toofferdryareasmorerain.D.Tosolvetheproblemofglobalwarming.66.AccordingtoAce’splan___________.A.planeswouldbeusedtospraywater.B.itwouldbebesttospraywateronrainydays.C.seawaterwouldbesprayedhighintotheskyD.1000sitesintheSouthernHemispherewouldbechosen.67.Whywouldn’tAcespraywaterintropicalareas?A.Waterischangedintovaportooquickly.B.Waterturnstoraintooquickly.C.Itishardforvaportoformclouds.D.Itisbadforlocalplantstohavetoomuchrain.68.ItseemsthatCaldeira____________.A.takesAce’splanseriouslyB.thinksAce’sideatoocrazyC.doesn’tbelievethecomputer’sresultD.agreestocarryoutAce’splanrightaway
Todayabout70countriesuseDaylightSavingTimeDST.DaylightSavingwasfirstintroducedduringWorldWarIinAustraliA.DuringtheworldwarsDSTwasusedforthelatesummersbeginningJanuary1917and1942andthefullsummersbeginningSeptember1942and1943.In1967Tasmaniaexperiencedadrought干旱.TheStateGovernmentintroducedonehourofdaylightsavingthatsummerasawayofsavingpowerandwater.TasmanianslikedtheideaofdaylightsavingandtheTasmanianGovernmenthasdeclareddaylightsavingeachsummersince1968.PersuadedbytheTasmanianGovernmentallstatesexcepttwopassedalawin1971foratestuseofdaylightsaving.In1972NewSouthWalesSouthAustraliaandVictoriajoinedTasmaniaforregulardaylightsavingbutQueenslanddidnotdosountil1989.TasmaniaQueenslandandSouthAustraliahavehadirregularplansoftenchangingtheirdatesduetopoliticsorfestivals节日.Forexamplein1992Tasmaniaextended延长daylightsavingbyanextramonthwhileSouthAustraliabeganextendingdaylightsavingbytwoweeksfortheAdelaideFestival.SpecialdaylightsavingplansweremadeduringtheSydney2000OlympicGames.ThedifferencesindaylightsavinginAustraliacontinuetocauseseriousproblemsintransportandmanyothersocialactivities.Italsoreducesthenumberofhoursintheworkingdaythatarecommontoallcentersinthecountry.Inparticulartimedifferencesalongtheeastcoastcausemajordifferencesespeciallyforthebroadcastersofnationalradioandtelevision.DaylightSavingTimewasintroducedinTasmania_______________.A.tostopthedroughtin1967B.tosupportgovernmentofficialsC.topassaspeciallawinthestateD.tosavewaterandelectricityAccordingtothetextwhichstatewasthelasttouseDST?A.VictoriA.B.QueenslanD.C.SouthAustraliA.D.NewSouthWales.WhatcanwelearnaboutDSTinsomeAustralianstates?A.Itdoesn’thavefixeddates.B.Itisnotusedinfestivals.C.Itsplanwaschangedin2000.D.Itlastsfortwoweeks.WhatdoweknowabouttheuseofDSTfromthelastparagraph?A.Thereexistsomeundesirableeffects.B.Ithelpslittletosaveenergy.C.Itbringsaboutlongerworkingdays.D.RadioandTVprogramsbecomedifferent.
CCanyouimagineacatfishbiggerthanaboy?Therearemorethan1000kindsofcatfish28speciesarefoundintheUnitedStates'lakesandrivers.Thishugefamilyhassomemightystrangemembers.Let'smeetafew.Walkingcatfish.Nature'sfeistylittlecatfishfoundinsouthernFloridahasanextralungforbreathingondrylanD.Whenitsswimmingholedriesupthewalkingcatfishwaddlesonstiffforwardfinsinsearchofanotherlakeorstream.Ifanenemyattacksthefishflares展开itstopandfrontfinsandleapsattheattackertoscareitoff.Armoredcatfish.Thiscatfishhasheavybonyplatesprotectingitsbody.TheshellmakesthefishdifficulttobonE.TocookitthrowthefishwholeintoafirE.Whenitisdonebreakitopenforeating.SomearmoredcatfisharefoundinFloridabutthe100-poundersliveinSouthAmericA.Roundingoutthefamilyofstrangecatfisharetalkingcatfishwhichmakegrowingsoundwhenyoupullthemfromthewaterclimbingcatfishwhichmovequicklyupshorebrushinsearchoffoodelectriccatfishwhichcandeliveramildshockandblindcatfishwhichsettleintheinkyblacknessofunderwatercaves.Blindcatfishfindfoodthroughtastebudsintheireightwhiskers须.Mostcatfishhavefourwhiskersontheupperjawandfouronthelowerjaw.Sensoryholesonthesewhiskershelpthefishsmellandtastefoodeveninthemuddiestofwater.TheUnitedStatesdoesnothavecatfishanywherenearthesizeofthoseinSouthAmericA.ButinsomelargeU.Sriversblueandflatheadcattiesdotop100pounds.MostofthecatfishyouarelikelytocatchwillbemuchsmalleraboutfryingpansizE.Whenyoucatchonerememberthatthetopfinsandtheforwardfinshavepoisonglands腺attheirbases.Theycangiveyoupainfulwounds63.Thepurposeofthepassageisto___________.A.encouragereaderstogofishingforcatfishB.informreadersoftheworld'slargestcatfishC.describetheunusualcharacteristicsofcatfishD.explaindifferentwaystocatchavarietyofcatfish64.TheauthortalksaboutthewayofcookinganarmoredcatfishtoshowthatA.ithasheavyandbonyplatesB.it'shardtocookandeatC.ithastoomanybonesD.it'spoisonousinside65.WhichisNOTmentionedaboutcatfishinthepassage?A.Itseatinghabits.B.Itslivingconditions.C.Itswhiskers.D.Itssize66.Whatmaybecontinuedinthelastparagraph?A.Theauthor'sloveforcatfish.B.Whereelsetocatchacatfish.C.TheoriginofthenamecatfishD.Thesafestwaytohandlecatfish
TheheartofMexicoisahighovalvalleysurroundedbymountains.Onceforestscoveredthemountainsidesandbroadshininglakescoverednearlyallthevalleyfloor.Nowthemountainsarebareandscarredwitherosion侵蚀andmuchofthevalleyfloorisdryanddusty.CortezandhisSpanishsoldierswerethefirstEuropeanstoenterthisvalley.TheysawthethrivingAzteccityofTenochtitlanrisingfromanislandinoneofthelakes.Surroundingitweregreenfloatinggardens.TheSpaniardssaiditwasasbeautifulasadream.Thentheconquestbegan.By1521whentheSpaniardshadconqueredthefierceAztecstheislandcitywasinruins.CortezdecidedtorebuilditafterthepatternofEuropeancities.UsingtheconqueredAztecsasslavelaborersCortezbuiltthenewcitynowMexicoCityinjustfouryears.Butagenerationhadscarcelypassedaftertheconquestbeforeasadchangecameoverthesescenessobeautifulwritesonehistorian.Thebroadshininglakesbegantodryup.ModernhistoriansbelievethatCortezbeganthedestructionofthevalley’slakeswhenbeorderedthecityrebuilt.A.greatdealofcharcoalwasneededtoburnthelimestone石灰石fromwhichcement水泥andmortarweremadE.Woodwasneededtofinishtheinteriorsofthebuildings.ThemountainsideforestsweredestroyedtoprovidethecharcoalandwooD.Oncetheslopedwerebarerainfallolongerseeped渗漏slowlyintotheearthtofeedthespringsthatfilledthevalley’slakes.Insteadrainfallpouredoffthemountainsidesthecityfromfloodslaterrulersmadeacutthroughthemountainssothatthewaterdrainedawayintoanothervalley.MexicoCityonceanislandhadbecomeacityofadryplain.Theunderlinedwordthrivinginthesecondparagraphmeans_______.A.developingsuccessfullyB.increasingC.failingD.growinglittleWhichstatementdoesthisarticleleadyoutobelieve?Keepingnature’sbalanceisnotimportantanymorE.Menthoughtnature’sresourceswouldlastforever.Newforestsalwaysautomaticallyreplaceoldones.TheAztecsdidn’tbegintoflourishuntilCortezcamE.Whydidlaterrulerscutthroughthemountains?Theywantedtofillthecitywithrainwater.Theywantedthevalleystofloodregularly.Theywantedtoplantmoretrees.Theywantedtoprotectthecityfromfloods.Onethewholethearticletellsabout______.MexicoasitlookedwhenitwasaEuropeancityModernhistorianswhowriteaboutMexicoCityMexicocitybeforeandaftertheSpaniardscameThebeautifulsceneryinMexicoWhatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.TotellthebeautyanduglinessofMexicoCityB.TointroducetheterriblechangeofMexicoCityC.ToexplainhowMexicoCitychangedD.Tomakepeopleawareoftheimportanceofnaturebalance
DTherecentapparentlysuccessfulpredictionbymathematicalmodelsofanappearanceofElNino—thewarmoceanHowthatperiodicallydevelopsalongthePacificcoastofSouthAmericahasexcitedresearchers.JacobBjerknespointedoutyearsagohowwindsmightcreateeitherabnormallywarmorabnormallycoldwaterintheeasternequatorial赤道附近的PacifiC.NeverthelessbeforethecreationofthemodelsnoonecouldexplainwhyconditionsshouldregularlychangebetweenappearancesofthewarmElNinoandtheso-calledanti-ElNino.Theansweratleastifthecurrentmodelthatlinksthebehavioroftheoceantothatoftheatmosphereiscorrectistobefoundintheocean.IthaslongbeenknownthatduringanElNinotwoconditionsexist:unusuallywarmwaterextendsalongtheeasternPacificandwindsblowfromthewestintothewarmerairrisingoverthewarmwaterintheeast.ThecontributionofthemodelistoshowthatthewindsofanElNinowhichraisesealevelintheeastsendasignaltothewestloweringsealevelatthesametimE.Accordingtothemodelthatsignaliscreatedasanegative负的Rossbywaveawaveoflowersealevelthatmoveswestwardparalleltotheequatorat25to85kilometersperday.TakingmonthstomoveacrossthePacificRossbywavesmarchtothewesternboundaryofthePacificbasinwhichismodeledasasmootliwallbutinrealityconsistsofquiteirregularislandchains.WhenthewavesmeetthewesternboundarytheyarereflectedandthemodelpredictsthatRossbywaveswillbebrokenintomanycoastalKelvinwavescarryingthesamenegativesea-levelsignal.TheseeventuallyshoottowardtheequatorandthenheadeastwardalongtheequatordrovebytheearthatA.speedofabout.250kilometersperday.WhenenoughKelvinwavesofadequateamplitude振幅arrivefromthewesternPacifictheirnegativesea-levelsignalovercomesthefeedbackmechanismraisingthesealevelandtheybegintodrivethesystemintotheoppositecoldmodE.Thisproducesagradualchangeinwindsonethatwilleventuallysendpositivesea-levelRossbywaveswestwardwavesthatwilleventuallyreturnascoldcycle—endingpositiveKelvinwavesbeginninganotherwarmingcyclE.67.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.HowRossbywavesarefounD.B.WhereElNinoisformeD.C.Whatthemodelspredict.D.Howthemodelswork.68.WheredoesElNinooftenappear?A.AlongthewesterncoastoftheUSA.B.InthePacificinthesouthoftheequator.C.InthePacificinthenorthoftheequator.D.AlongthesoutherncoastofSouthAmericA.69.Whatisrightaccordingtothepassage?A.RossbywavesandKelvinwavesmoveinoppositedirectionsalongtheequator.B.PeoplecouldexplainElNinobeforethecreationofthemathematicalmodels.C.Adequatesea-levelwavescanproducewestwardpositivecoldcyclE.D.ThespeedofRossbywavesisfasterthanthatofKelvinwaves.70.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordwavesinParagraph3referto?A.Kelvinwaves.B.Sea-levelsignals.C.Coastalwaves.D.Rossbywaves.
Anichthyologistisascientistwhostudiesfish.MostpeoplewhodothisjobsaytheylovetheirworkbecauseitisveryrewardingandvarieD.TheyworknotonlyinsidealaboratorybutalsooutinthefielD.Fieldworkincludestravelingtoriversoceansandlakesinordertocollectinformationandspecimens样本ReadingwritingandspeakingarealsoveryimportanttothejoB.Fishscientistsneedtoreadtheresearchofotherscientists.Theymustheabletowriteuptheirownresearchclearlysothatotherscanfollowit.TheyalsoneedtobeabletogivelecturesabouttheirfindingssothattheycanspreadknowledgE.Ichthyologistswhowishtospecializecanchooseanyoneofthreeareasofstudy.Thefirstareaisaquaculture水产养殖.Thisinvolvesthestudyandpracticeoffishfarmingandmanagement.BecauseitisarathernewstudythereareveryfewjobopportunitiesavailablE.Howeverasthereissomuchtodiscovermanyseeitasanexcitingareaforanewichthyologisttoenter.Thesecondareaisfisheriessciencewhichmeansworkingwithateamofscientiststofindoutmoreaboutdifferentfishspecies.Thethirdareaisabouttheprotectionofnaturalfishpopulations.Thisisveryimportanttodaygiventhatmanyfishspeciesareindangerofdyingoutbecauseoftheactionsofhumans.Tobecomeasuccessfulfishscientistyouneedtohaveacuriousmindandbeabletoworkonyourown.Youalsoneedtobeabletohandleequipmentandperformexperiments;butmostimportantlyyoumustlovefish.TobecomeanichthyologistyouwillneedtotrainatauniversitytopassaBachelorofSciencedegreE.Forthisyouwillneedtobegoodatmathematicsphysicalscienceandbiology.Thenyouwillneedtostudyforanotheryeartocompleteanhonoursdegreeinichthyology.Thishonoursdegreecontainscourseworkaboutallaspectsoffish.Youalsoneedtocompletearesearchpaper.68.Whatmakesthejobsofichthyologistssovaried?A.Theystudyfishhabitsandcollectinformation.B.Theyhavetostudyscienceandmathematics.C.Theyworkinfieldsaswellasinlaboratories.D.Theyreadresearchpaperswrittenbyothers.69.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Anichthyologisthasaninterestingandvariedprofession.B.Aquacultureisthestudyoffishprotection.C.Thelifeofanichthyologistcaninvolvelotsoftravel.D.A.fishscientistneedstobeindependentandcuriousaboutthings.70.Whoismostlikelytobecomeanichthyologist?A.Tombecausehelikesfishingandoutdoorsports.B.Jackbecausehelikestotravelandreadadventurebooks.C.Jennybecauseshelikessciencemathematicsandreadingaboutdinosaurs.D.Janebecauseshelikesmathematicssciencebiologyandsearchingrock-pools.71.Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor.A.universitystudentsB.scienceresearchersC.fisheriesexpertsD.fishfarmers
Whenwethinkofleadershipweoftenthinkofstrengthandpower.Butwhatarethesereallyandhowdotheyoperate?LeadershiptodayisnotaboutforcingotherstodothingsIfthisisevenpossiblE.itisshort-termandtendstobackfirE.Ifyouordersomeonetodosomethingagainsttheirwill.theymaydoitbecausetheyfeeltheymustbuttheangertheyfeelwilldomoreharminthelong-termTheywillalsoexperiencefear.Fearcausesthethinkingbraintoshutdownmakingthepersonunabletofunctionathisorherbest.Iftheyassociateyouwiththisemotionoffear.Theywillbecomelessfunctionalaroundyouandyouwillhavesucceededinnotonlyshootingyourselfinthefoot.butpossiblymakingaverygoodemployeeorpartnerunabletoperformeffectively.Fearhasnoplaceinleadership.Thewayweinfluencepeopleinalastingwayisbyourowncharacterandourunderstandinganduseofemotion.Wecanordersomeonetodosomethingwhichmaybepartoftheworkday;orwecanemploythemattheemotionallevelsotheybecamefullydevotedtotheprojectsandprovidesomeoftheirownmotivation积极性Today’sworkplaceisallaboutrelationshipsasahumanbeingaswellasaworker.EveryoneproducesjustabitmoreforsomeonetheylikE.Leadersunderstandthewaythingswork.Theyknowthepaycheckisnotthesinglemostmotivatingfactor因素intheworklifeofmostpeoplE.Thetruestrengthofleadershipisaninnerstrengththatcomesfromtheconfidenceofemotionalintelligence---knowingyourownemotionsandhowtohandlethemandthoseofothers.Developingyouremotionalintelligenceisthesinglebestthingyoucandoifyouwanttodevelopyourrelationshipswithpeoplearoundyouwhichisthekeytotheleadershipskills.52.Anemployeemayhaveafeelingoffearintheworkplacewhen___.A.heisforcedtodothingsB.becannotworkathisbestC..hefeelshisbrainshutdownD.hethinksofhisworkastooheavy53.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.PeopletendtoassociateleadershipwithfearB.Workingconditionsaffectpeople’sphysicalhealthC.GoodrelationshipisthekeytobusinesssuccessD.SmartpeoplearemorefunctionalintheworkplacE.54.Topositivelyinfluenceemployeesaleadershouldfirstofall__A.providebettersuggestionsB.develophisownpersonalityC.fivehisemployeesapayraiseD.hidehisownemotionoffear55.Goodleadershipismainlyseeninaleader’sabilityto___A.provideavarietyofprojectforemployeesB.helpraiseemployee’slivingstandardsC.giveemployeesspecificinstructionsD.dealwiselywithemployees’emotions
Peopleshouldbewarnedagainstusingmobilephonesoutdoorsinstormyweatherbecausetheymaybestruckbylightningaccordingtodoctors.ThreeexpertshavedescribedhowateenagegirlwasstruckbylightningwhileusingherphoneinalargeLondonpark.Thegirlaged15recoveredbutayearlaterwasstillwheelchair-boundandfoundtobesufferingcomplexphysicalandemotionalproblems.Thegirlalsohadaperforateeardrum打孔耳膜onthesidewhereshehadbeenholdingthemobilephonE.ShewashavinggeneralrecoveryinNorthwickParkHospitalMiddlesex.SwindaEspritaseniorhouseoffi??cersaidthatwhilethebrainandmuscledamagewassimilartothatofmanylightningvictims—whocanexperienceheartattacksonbeingstruck—theearproblemswerenot.Shesaidthatthedamageswereparticularlyrelevantforpeoplewhomightbeinvolvedinlessseri??ouslightningincidentswhomightother??wiserecoverbutwouldnevergettheirfullhearingbackifstruckwhileonthephonE.WewereshockedbythedamagewhichiswhywewantedtodrawattentiontoitDrEspritsaiD.Ayearonandshestillwassufferingthesedifficulthearing.TheyaddedthatthreeothercaseshadbeenreportedinnewspapersinChinaSouthKoreaandMalaysiA.IntheMalaysiancaseasalesexecutivewaskilledbylightningwhiletalkingonhisphoneduringathun??derstormnearKualaLumpur.AlltheseeventsresultedindeaththedoctorswrotE.Thisrarephe??nomenonisapublichealthissueandedu??cationisnecessarytostresstherisk.TheAustralianLightningProtectionStandardrecommendsthatmetallicobjectsincludingcordlessormobilephonesshouldnotbecarriedout??doorsduringthunderstorms.HowevertheUnitedStatesNationalWeatherServicesaysonitswebsitethatbotharesafetousebecausethereisnodirectpathbetweenyouandthelightening.PaulTayloroftheMetOfficesaidtheearinjurieswereaconsequenceofmobilephonesbeingmetalandnotrelatedtoradiowaves.Mr.Taylorsaidthatmobilephonesshouldbetreatedasanotherpieceofmetalsimilartocarryingcoinsorwearingringsandpeopleneedtobewarnedagainstthepossi??bledanger.51.Whatdoweknowabouttheteenagegirl?A.Shewasstruckbylightningatschool.B.Shecompletelyrecoveredfrombeingstruck.C.Shestillsufferedfrommentalproblems.D.Shehadtopressherearallday.52.Itcanbeinferredthatdamagedonebylighteningwhileusingmobilephones______.A.ismoreseriousthanthatwhenoneisnotusingamobilephoneB.canbehealedquicklyexceptforheartattacksC.islessseriousbecausethevictimscanusuallyrecoverD.ismainlyinthebrainandmuscleofthevictims53.Whydiddoctorsstresstheriskaboutusingphonesoutsideinlightening?A.Becausemorepeoplearefacedwithit.B.BecausesomedeathshavebeencauseD.C.Becauselightningisharmfulforthebrain.D.BecauseateenagegirlgotkilleD.54.Wecaninferfromthelastthreeparagraphsthat______.A.bothcordlessandmobilephonesaresafetouseoutsideinlightningB.thereisnodirectconnectionbetweenlightningandearinjuriesatallC.opinionsdifferastowhetheritissafetousemobilesphonesinlightningD.earinjuriesaretheresultofcarryingcoinsorwearingringsinlightning55.Thepurposeinwritingthispassageis______.A.todrawattentiontotheriskofusingmobilephonesinlighteningB.tofocusonvariousdamagesdonetolightningvictimsC.totellusthenewsthatateenagegirlwasstruckbylightningD.tostressthedangerofmakingphonecallsinlightning
DolphinsandsharksareshowingupinsurprisinglyshallowwaterjustofftheFloridacoast.MulletscrabsraysandsmallfishgatherbythethousandsoffanAlabamapirer.Birdscoveredinoilarecrawlingdeepintomarshes沼泽nevertobeseenagain.MarinescientistsstudyingtheeffectsoftheBPdisaster英国石油公司漏油事件areseeingsomestrangephenomenA.FishandotherwildlifeseemtobefleeingtheoiloutintheGulfandclusteringincleanerwatersalongthecoastinatrendthatsomeresearchersseeasapotentiallytroublingsign.Theanimals'presenceclosetoshoremeanstheirusualhabitatisbadlypollutedandthecrowdingcouldresultinmassdie-offsasfishrunoutofoxygen.Alsotheanimalscouldeasilybecapturedbytheirenemies.Thenearlytwo-month-oldspill漏油hascreatedanenvironmentaldisasterinUShistoryastensofmillionsofgallonshaveflownintotheGulfofMexicoecosystem.ScientistsareseeingsomeunusualthingsastheytrytounderstandtheeffectsonthousandsofspeciesofmarinelifE.FornearlyfourhoursMondayathree-personcrewwithGreenpeacecruisedpastdelicateislandsandmangrove-dottedinletsinBaratariaBayoffsouthernLouisianA.Theysawdolphinsbythedozenfrolicking嬉戏intheoilysheen光泽andoil-tingedpelicansfeedingtheiryoung.Buttheyspottednodeadanimals.Ithinkpartofthereasonwhywe'renotseeingmoreyetisthattheimpactsofthiscrisisarereallyjustbeginningGreenpeacemarinebiologistJohnHocevarsaiD.ThecountingofdeadwildlifeintheGulfismorethananacademicexercise;thedeathswillhelpdeterminehowmuchBPpaysindamages.WhatdothemarinelifereacttotheBPdisaster?A.Birdscrawldeepintocaves.B.Dolphinsandsharksshowupindeepwater.C.TensofthousandsofmarineanimalsarefounddeaD.D.SeacreaturesfleefromoilspillgatheringnearseashorE.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedtothepotentiallytroublingsign?A.Theusualhabitatofdeep-wateranimalsisbadlypolluteD.B.Manyanimalscouldbeeasilyeatenbytheirenemies.C.Massesoffishescoulddieduetolackofoxygen.D.Somedolphinsarefrolickinginmarshes.Theenvironmentaldisasterwascausedby.A.thedamageoftheMexicoGulfecosystemB.thelackofenvironmentalsenseofBPC.thenearlytwo-month-oldoilspillD.thecrowdingmarinelifeWhatisJohnHocevar’sattitudetowardsthedisaster?A.WorrieD.B.DisappointeD.C.DepresseD.D.Hesitant.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat.A.BpwillpaymuchmoneyaccordingtothenumberofdeadwildlifethereB.marinescientistshaveseensomestrangephenomenaC.thedisasterhaslittleinfluenceondolphinsD.athree-personcrewreachednoconclusion
.DamagetoOzonelayerGetsWorseInthemiddleofwinterwhensnowisfallinginmanypartsoftheUnitedStatesscientistshavesoundedawarningtopeoplewhoplantospendmanyhoursinthesunthissummer.Thewarningis:Thesun’ssummertimeraysaremoredangerousthanoncethought.A.teamofscientistsfrom80nationsrecentlyreportedtotheUnitedNationsthatalayerofozone臭氧层intheatmospherewhichprotectshumansfromharmfullevelsofultravioletradiation紫外线辐射willbethinnerovertheUnitedStatesthissummer.ThethinnerlayerallowsmoreultravioletraysfromthesuntoreachEarth.Theextraamountofultravioletradiationcouldcauseanincreaseinthenumberofcasesofskincancer.Scientistsfirstbecameconcernedabouttheozonelayerinthemid-1980swhenaholewasdiscoveredinthelayeraboveAntarcticaduringthewinter.Theholewascausedbychemicalsusedinrefrigeratorsandairconditioners.WhenthesechemicalsaresentoutintotheatmospheretheyproducegasesthatdestroytheozonE.Concernabouttheprotectiveozonelayerrosemorerecentlywhendata数据fromsatellitesandgroundstationsshowedthatozonelevelsweredroppingoverareasotherthanAntarcticA.LowozonelevelswererecordedinthespringandsummerovertheUnitedStatesandoverotherpopulatedareasintheworlD.Althoughmanycountrieshavealreadybegunstoppingtheuseofozonedestroyingchemicalsthenewfindingsareexpectedtoadvancethetimetableforatotalban禁止ofthechemicals.59.Thescientistshaveobservedtheozonelayer_____.A.since1980B.sincelastwinterC.forabout20yearsD.foraboutoneyear60.Theozonelayerintheatmospherecan_____.A.doalotofgoodtohumanbeingsinmanyways.B.protecthumansfromdiseasescausedbybadweather.C.doalotofharmtohumanbeingsinthesummer-timE.D.protecthumansfromharmfullevelsofultravioletradiation.61.Scientistsfirstfoundthattherewasaholeintheozonelayer_____.A.aboveArcticduringthewinterinthemid-1980sB.aboveAntarcticaduringthewinterinthemid-1980sC.oversomewhereinthenorthoftheequatorin1980D.overtheU.S.Ainthesummertimeinthemid-1980s62.Thedamagetotheozonelayerwascausedby_____.A.thechangeableweatherB.ozone-destroyingchemicalsC.chemicalsfromrefrigeratorsD.chemicalsfromairconditioners
EEveryonehasheardoftheSanAndreasfault断层whichconstantlythreatensCaliforniaandtheWestCoastwithearthquakes.ButhowmanypeopleknowabouttheequallyseriousNewMadridfaultinMissouri?BetweenDecemberof1811andFebruaryof1812threemajorearthquakesoccurredallcenteredaroundthetownofNewMadridMissouriontheMississippiRiver.PropertydamagewasseverE.BuildingsintheareawerealmostdestroyeD.Wholeforestsfellatonceandhugecracksopenedinthegroundallowingsmellofsulfur硫磺tofilterupwarD.TheMississippiRiveritselfcompletelychangedcharacterdevelopingsuddenrapidsandwhirlpools.Severaltimesitchangeditscourseandonceaccordingtosomeobserversitactuallyappearedtorunbackwards.FewpeoplewerekilledintheNewMadridearthquakesprobablysimplybecausefewpeoplelivedintheareain1811;buttheseverityoftheearthquakesareshownbythefactthattheshockwavesrangbellsinchurchtowersinCharlestonSouthCarolinaonthecoast.BuildingsshookinNewYorkCityandclockswerestoppedinWashingtonD.C.ScientistsnowknowthatAmerica’stwomajorfaultsareessentiallydifferent.TheSanAndreasisahorizontalboundarybetweentwomajorlandmassesthatareslowlymovinginoppositedirections.Californiaearthquakesresultwhenthemovementofthesetwomassessuddenlylurches倾斜forwarD.TheNewMadridfaultontheotherhandisaverticalfault;asomepointpossiblyhundredsofmillionsofyearsagorockwaspusheduptowardthesurfaceprobablybyvolcanoesunderthesurfacE.Suddenlythevolcanoescooledandtherockcollapsedleavinghugecracks.Evennowtherockcontinuestosettledownwardsandsuddensinkingmotionstrigger触发earthquakesintheregion.ThefaultitselfalargecrackinthislayerofrockwithdozensofothercracksthatsplitofffromitextendsfromnortheastArkansasthroughMissouriandintosouthernlllinois.ScientistswhohavestudiedtheNewMadridfaultsaytherehavebeennumeroussmallerquakesintheareasince1811;thesesmallerquakesindicatethatlargeronesareprobablycomingbutthescientistssayhavenomethodofpredictingwhenalargeearthquakewilloccur.72.Thispassageismainlyabout__________.A.theNewMadridfaultinMissouriB.theSanAndreasandtheNewMadridfaultsC.thecausesoffaultsD.currentscientificknowledgeaboutfaults73.TheNewMadridfaultis__________.A.ahorizontalfaultB.averticalfaultC.amoreseriousfaultthantheSanAndreasfaultD.responsibleforformingtheMississippiRiver74.Wemayconcludefromthepassagethat__________.A.itisprobablyasdangeroustoliveinMissouriasinCaliforniaB.theNewMadridfaultwilleventuallydevelopamountainrangeinMissouriC.CaliforniawillbecomeanislandinfutureD.A.bigearthquakewilloccurtoCaliforniasoon75.Thispassageimpliesthat__________.A.horizontalfaultsaremoredangerousthanverticalfaults.B.VerticalfaultsaremoredangerousthanhorizontalfaultsC.EarthquakesoccuronlyaroundfaultareasD.Californiawillbreakintopiecesbyaneventualearthquake
Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfooD.YoumaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgooD.YoumaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlooksmellortasteverynicE.DifferentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfooD.A.fewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenseswhilemostanimalsusemorethanonesensE.AlthoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsomeanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetypE.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.OtheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoicE.A.kindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbageeventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.Howevermostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimalsbirdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritainpeopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweightwhichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproductssuchasbuttercanalsobebadforthehealth.ChoosingtherightfoodthereforehasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlifE.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodC.choosefoodinsimilarwaysD.eatentirelydifferentfoodWhichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.ThesmallbirD.C.Thebear.D.Thefox.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen________.A.theseasonchangesB.thefoodcolorchangesC.theymovetodifferentplacesD.theyareattractedbydifferentsmellsWecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_________.A.foodischosenforagoodreasonB.FrenchandBritishfoodisgoodC.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydietWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.AnimalsoftenusesensestoeattheirfooD.B.Mostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.C.AllanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonetypeoffooD.D.Thedietofbirdsandfoxwillbethesamedependingontheseason.
HowLongCanPeopleLive?Shetookupskatingatage85madeherfirstmovieappearanceatage114andheldaconcertintheneighborhoodonher121stbirthday.WhenitcomestolonglifeJeanneCalmentistheworld’srecordholder.Shelivedtotheripeoldageof122.Sois122theupperlimittothehumanlifespan寿命?Ifscientistscomeupwithsomesortofpillordietthatwouldslowagingcouldwepossiblymakeitto150－orbeyond?Researchersdon’tentirelyagreeontheanswers.Calmentlivedto122soitwouldn’tsurprisemeifsomeonealivetodayreaches130or135saysJerryShayattheUniversityofTexas.SteveAustadattheUniversityofTexasagrees.Peoplecanlivemuchlongerthanwethinkhesays.Expertsusedtosaythathumanscouldn’tlivepast110.WhenCalmentblewpastthatagetheyraisedthenumberto120.Sowhycan’twegohigher?Thetroublewithguessinghowoldpeoplecanlivetobeisthatit’salljustguessing.AnyonecanmakeupanumbersaysRichMillerattheUniversityofMichigan.UsuallythescientistwhopicksthehighestnumbergetshisnameinTimemagazinE.Won’tnewanti-agingtechniqueskeepusaliveforcenturies?AnycuresaysMillerforagingwouldprobablykeepmostofuskickinguntilabout120.Researchersareworkingontreatmentsthatlengthenthelifespanofmiceby50percentatmost.Soiftheaveragehumanlifespanisabout80yearssaysMilleraddinganother50percentwouldgetyouto120.Sowhatcanweconcludefromthislittledisagreementamongtheresearchers?Thatlifespanisflexible有弹性的butthereisalimitsaysGeorgeMartinoftheUniversityofWashington.Wecangetfliestolive50percentlongerhesays.Butafly’snevergoingtolive150years.Ofcourseifyoubecameanewspecies物种onethatagesataslowerspeedthatwouldbeadifferentstoryheadds.DoesMartinreallybelievethathumanscouldevolve进化theirwaytolongerlife?It’sprettycooltothinkabouthesayswithasmilE.72.WhatdoesthestoryofJeanneCalmentprovetous?A.Peoplecanliveto122.B.OldpeoplearecreativE.C.Womenaresportyat85.D.Womenlivelongerthanmen.73.AccordingtoSteveAustadattheUniversityofTexas______.A.theaveragehumanlifespancouldbe110B.scientistscannotfindwaystoslowagingC.fewpeoplecanexpecttolivetoover150D.researchersarenotsurehowlongpeoplecanlive74.Whowouldagreethatascientistwillbecomefamousifhemakesthewildestguessatlongevity?A.JerryShay.B.SteveAustadC.RichMillerD.GeorgeMartin75.Whatcanweinferfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A.Mostofuscouldbegoodatsportsevenat120.B.TheaveragehumanlifespancannotbedoubledC.ScientistsbelievemiceareagingataslowerspeedthanbeforE.D.Newtechniquescouldbeusedtochangefliesintoanewspecies
Researchersbelievethattheinsect昆虫isbetteratmanagingcongestion拥挤thanhumans.Antsarethemostmanytypeofanimalonearthwithbrainsthatcontainabout250000cells----thelargestamonginsects.NowanintelligenceexpertDr.DirkHelbingsaysunderstandingmoreaboutantscouldhelpsolveoneoftheheadachesofmodernlife--roadcongestion.Histeamsetupanantmotorwaywithtworoutesofdifferentwidthsfromthenesttosomesugarsyrup糖浆.Soonthenarrower更窄的routesoonbecamecrowded拥挤的.Butwhenanantreturningalongthecrowdedroutetothenestmetwithanotherantjuststartingoutthereturningantpushedthenewcomerontotheotherpath.Howeverifthereturninganthadenjoyedatrouble-freejourneyitdidnotsendthenewcomerinadifferentdirection.TheresultwasthatjustbeforeoneroutebecamecloggedtheantshadturnedtoanotherrouteandtrafficjamsneverformeD.Theresearchersalsocreatedacomputermodelofmorecomplexantnetworkswithroutesofdifferentlengths.Theteamfoundthateventhoughantsbeingsentinanotherdirectionsometimestookalongerroutetheystillgottothefoodquicklyandefficiently.Dr.HelbingoftheDresdenUniversityofTechnologyinGermanysaidthatwhileyoucannotallowcarstomeetwithtrafficcomingintheopposite相反的directionasaformoftrafficcontrolyoucoulddothenextbestthingandallowthemtocommunicatE.Hisplanistoforcecarstravelinginonedirectiontotelloncomingtrafficwhattheconditionstheyareabouttomeetwith--sotheycanavoidthatsituationifnecessary.Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhat_______.A.antshaveaspecialwaytomanagecongestionB.antsarecleverandgoodatdealingwiththetrafficjamsbecauseofdevelopedbrainC.insectsaresimilartoanimalsindealingwiththetrafficjamsbecauseofdevelopedbrainD.insectshavemoreadvantagesthanhumansTheunderlinedwordcloggedcanbereplacedby_______inthefollowingfourwords.A.cleanedB.narrowedC.crowdedD.shortenedIfanantreturnsalongcrowdedroutetothenesthowdoestheantsolvethetrafficproblem?A.Theantwillchangethedirectionofitsown.B.Theantstoppedthenewcomerfrommovingaheadandforcedthenewcomertowaittherepatiently.C.Theantcan'tdirectthenewcomer.D.Theantwillpushthenewcomertotheotherroutesotrafficjamswon'tform.What'stheadvicethatDr.Helbinggivesus?A.Thecarscannotbeallowedtocommunicatewithtrafficcomingintheoppositedirection.B.Thecarscancommunicatewithtrafficinthesamedirection.C.Thecarsthattravelinonedirectioncantelloncomingtrafficaboutthetrafficconditions.D.Weshouldbuildmoreroutesofdifferentlengthsandwidths.
DAresomepeopleborncleverandothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencedevelopedbyourenvironmentandexperience?Strangelyenoughtheanswertothesequestionsisyes.Tosomeextentperson’sintelligenceisfixedatbirthwhetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Thisviewnowheldbymostexpertscanbesupportedinanumberofways.Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextentsomethingwearebornwith.ThecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeopletheclosertheyarelikelytobeinintelligencE.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandom随意地fromthepopulationitislikelythattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.Ifontheotherhandwetaketwoidenticaltwinstheywillverylikelybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsistersparentsandchildrenusuallyhavesimilarintelligenceandthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendoneforexampletoauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring.Weshouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedevelopingandthisindicatesthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart.ThisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachotherbutwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligencE.68.Thewriterisinfavoroftheviewthatman’sintelligenceisgiventohimA.atbirthB.througheducationC.bothatbirthandthrougheducationD.neitheratbirthnorthrougheducation69.IfachildisbornwithlowintelligenceheisunlikelytoA.becomeageniussolongasheorsheworkshardenoughB.stillbecomeageniusifheshouldbegivenspecialeducationC.gobeyondhisintelligencelimitseveninrichsurroundingsD.neverreacheshisintelligencelimitsinhislife70.TheexampleofthetwinsgoingtoauniversityandtoafactoryseparatelyshowsA.theimportanceoftheirintelligenceB.theroleofenvironmentonintelligenceC.theimportanceoftheirpositionsD.thepartthatbirthplays71.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SurroundingsB.IntelligenceC.DependenceonEnvironmentD.EffectofEducation
PARTTHREEREADINGCOMPREHENSIONDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedABC.andD.ChoosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassagE.ASwayingpalmtreesturquoise-bluewaterandsugar-whitesandmakebeachloverssighwithdelight.Butnotallbeacheshavethoseingredients.Themostinterestingbeachescomeindifferentshapessizesandcolors.ThosewhowantbeautyandsomethinguniquecangototheSeychelles’LaDigueIslanD.Largegranite花岗岩rockformationsoverlookbeautifulwhite-sandbeaches.Thepinkish-greyrockslooklikesculpturesthathavebeenforgottenonthebeach.TouriststravelingtoLaDigueIslandtoseetheuniquerockswillalsodiscoveroneoftheworld’smostbeautifulislands.Hawaii’sBigIslandhasoneoftherarestbeachesofall—abeachmadeupentirelyofgreensanD.Thesandwhichisformedbydarkgreencrystalscalledolivine橄榄石isdeposited堆积byvolcanicactivity.GreenSandBeachliesontheslopesoftheworld’slargestactivevolcanoMaunaLoA.Oneoftheworld’smostunusualbeachesliesontheislandofSantoriniGreecE.ThesandonRedBeachgetsitsreddishcolorfromtheredvolcanicrocksthatmakeupthecliffs悬崖aroundthebeach.Touristsflock蜂拥toseetheredsandmakingRedBeachoneofSantorini’smostpopularbeachdestinations.BlacksandmakesupthehugebeachofKarakarE.ThroughtheyearsvolcanicsandmixedwithironashtoformthisblackbeachonNewZealand’swildwestcoast.Withallthebeautifulbeachesintheworldbeachlovershavelotsofchoices.Butforthosereadyforsomethingdifferentauniquebeachvacationmightbejusttheticket!56.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Oneoftheworld’smostunusualbeachesB.BeachlovershavingmorechoicesC.A.uniquebeachvacationD.Uniquebeachesaroundtheworld57.Accordingtothetext______wouldberegardedasthegeneralcharacteristicsofbeautifulbeaches.A.swayingpalmtreesturquoise-bluewatersugar-whilesandB.rockswhitesandpinkish-greyrockssculpturesC.greensandslopesofanactivevolcanoD.blacksandironashwildcoast58.BeachesontheislandofSantoriniareredbecauseof_______.A.thecliffsaroundthebeachB.thelargegraniterocksC.theredvolcanicrocksD.crystalscalledolivine59.Ifyouwanttoseepinkish-greyrocksthengoto_______.A.SantoriniGreeceB.Seychelles’LaDigueIslandC.Hawaii’sBigIslandD.NewZealand60.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Differentbeacheshavedifferentcolors.B.Differentplaceshavedifferentbeaches.C.Whitesandandbluewaterarethemaincharacteristicsofbeaches.D.Peoplehavemanychoicesforbeachvacations.
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