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Euthanasia: a Heatedly Debated Topic "We mustn’’t delay any longer...?swal...
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{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息清选择A项如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B项如果该句的信息文章中没有提及请选择C项 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}FoodandCancer{{/B}}? ?MedicalExpertshavesuspectedformanyyearsthatthereisastronglink betweenwhatapersoneatsandcancer.Theysayanewstudyprovidesthefirst evidencethatvitaminscouldreduceaperson’schanceofdevelopingcancer.A teamofChineseandAmericanscientistsdidthestudy.TheyarefromAmerican NationalCancerInstituteandtheCancerInstituteoftheChineseAcademyof MedicalsciencesinBeijing.TheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstitute publishedtheresultsofthestudy.Aboutthirtythousandpeoplebetweenthe agesof40to69tookpartinthestudy.Theywereformthenortherncentral ChineseareaofLinxian.Mostofthemtookvitaminsandmineralseverydayfor fiveyears.??Linxianwaschosenbecausethepeopletherehavean extremelyhighrateofcancerofstomachandesophagus.Researchersbelievethat fungusandmoldsinlocalfoodsmaybepartlyresponsibleforthehighcancer rate.Researchersdividedthoseintoeightgroups.Sevenofthegroupsreceived differentmixturesofvitaminsandmineralsdaily.Theamountsofthevitamins andmineralswere1to2timesgreaterthanwhatAmericanhealthofficialssay isneeded.Theeighthgroupreceivedsugarpillsthathadnoeffect.Thosewho seemedtofainthemostreceivedamixtureofaformofvitaminAcalled B-carotenevitaminEandthemineralselenium.Thevitaminandmineralare believedtopreventdamagetocellscausedbycancer-causingsubstances. Researchersreporteda13percentdropincancerratesinthosewhotook B-carotenevitaminEandselenium.Theyalsofounda10percentdropinthe numberofdeathscausedbystrokesfromburstingbloodvessels.? ?Scientistswarnthatitistoosoontoknowiftheeffectwouldbethe sameamongpeopleinothercountries.TheynotethatthepeopleinLinxianeat foodsthatlacknecessaryvitaminsandminerals.Chineseofficialswillcontinue torecordthehealthrecordsofthepeopleinLinxianformanyyears.Fornow officialsreportedlyareconsideringusingtheresultsofthestudy.Theywant tofindawaytoimprovedthehealthofpeopleinLinxianandothersmalltowns inChina.Theresultsofthenewstudyareunexpected.
Cancer ThepopularTVvariety-showhostwasgrimbutcalm.Hefacedthecamerasandsaidbluntly:Ihavecancer. MasatakaItsumi’’sdisclosuremaybethelatestsignthattheshameassociatedwithcancerisfinallybreakingdowninacountrywhereunliketheUnitedSatesthetopichastraditionallybeentaboo. Canceristhecountry’’sNo.1killerchainingmorethan230000livesayear.Despitethenumberofpeopleaffectedthesubjecthaslongbeenconcealedinsecrecyandsilence. AsaruleJapanesearereluctanttotellanyoneotherthanfamilyiftheyhavecancer.Anddoctorsoftenlietopatientsaboutacancerdiagnosisfearingtheywouldbedepressedandweakenedbythetruth.Pollsindicatethatmostpeoplewouldprefertobetoldiftheyhavecancer.Buthealthauthoritieshaveestimatedasfewasoneinfivecancerpatientsisgivenatruthfuldiagnosis.Thepatientisveryafraidtohearofhavingcancersomanydoctorsjustdon’ttellsaidonedoctor.Butifwedon’ttellthetruthit’’sbadfortherelationshipbetweendoctorandpatient.SoIthinkthisisbeginningtochange.HesaidhebelievedtheintensepublicinterestintheItsumicasereflectedpent-upcuriosityandconcernaboutthesubject. Thereareothersignsofgreateropennessinconfrontingcancer.Supportgroupsforcancervictimsonceunknownhavesprungup.Theplotofarecentfilmrevolvedaroundamanwithcancer.Anunusuallypowerfultelevisionadvertisementappealingforbone-marrowdonationsfeaturesayoungwomanwhohassincediedofleukemia. Butsecrecyaboutcancerisstillcommon.InJapanseriousillnessisconsideredembarrassing.Peopleworryaboutcausingsufferingandexpensefortheirfamiliesordiscomfortingtheircolleagues.Itsumiinfactbeganhisnewsconferencebyapologizing. Otherfactorscontributetothetabooontalkaboutcancer.Thereisaculturaltendencytowardrestraintondiscussingpersonalmattersandstoicisminfacingproblems.Evenifpatientssensesomethingisverywrongdespiteagooddiagnosismostdonotpresstheirdoctorsorseekasecondopinion.Doctorsaregranteddeeprespectinasocietythatdiscouragesquestioningauthority. Whendoctorslietopatientsaboutacancerdiagnosistheybelievethat______.
IsThisASenselessNotion? Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhentheyare18andthetruthisfarfromthatsociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsinsays.Todayunexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents.ThereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclassdeclaressociologistAllanSchnailbergofNorthwesternUniversitywhoseson19movedbackafteranabsenceofeightmonths. Analysisciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Themarriageageisrisingaconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearemakingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsometheexpenseofanaway-fromhomecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduationyoungpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbytheskyrocketinghousingcosts. LivingathomesaysKnightonaschoolteachercontinuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed.It’’sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome.Butsharingthefamilyrequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethehasslesoverbathroomstelephonesandprivacy.Somefamilieshowevermanagethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothersitprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco24hasbeenreturnedhomethreetimesandleftthreetimes.WhatIconsideredasocialdrinkmydadconsideredanalcoholproblemsheexplains.HeneverlikedanyoneIdatedsoIeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends’houses. Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Childrenstrugglingtoestablishseparateidentitiescanendupwithasenseofinadequacydefeatandfailure.Andagingparentswhoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedomfindthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisitshowevercanworkedbeneficially. Oneofthedisadvantagesofyoungadultsreturningtostaywiththeirparentsisthat______.
Thejudgesuspectedthetruthoftheevidenceprovidedbythewitness.
Itisdifficulttounderstandthiskindofcomplicatedcalculation.
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
AnotherAreaofEnglishLanguage Considernowanotherareaofourlanguage.Englishhasalargenumberofnounswhichappeartobeneutralwithregardtosexbutactuallyarecovertlymasculine.Althoughthedictionarymaydefinepoetasonewhowritespoetryawomanwhowritespoetryappearssoanomalousorthreateningtosomethattheyusethespecialtermpoetesstorefertoher.Thereisnocorrespondingtermtocallattentiontothesexofamanwhowritespoetrybutthenwefindnothingremarkableinthefactthatpoetryiswrittenbymen.Ofcourseifawomanissufficientlymeritoriouswemayforgivehersexandrefertoherasapoetafterallorwishingtokeeptheimportantfactofhersexinourconsciousnesswemaycallherawomanpoet.Howevertobalancethepossiblerewardofhavinghersexoverlookedthereremainsthepossibilityofmoreextremepunishmentwemayjudgeherworksoharshlythatshewillbelabelledaladypoet.Onceagainthemoralisclearpeoplewhowritepoetryareassumedtobemenuntilprovenotherwiseandpeopleidentifiedaswomenwhowritepoetryareassumedtobelesscompetentthansexuallyunidentifiedi.e.presumablymalepeoplewhowritepoetry. Ifthephenomenonwehavebeendiscussingwerelimitedtopoetrywemightnotregarditasverysignificantafteralloursocietytendstoregardpoetsassomewhatoddanyway.Butinfactitiswidespreadinthelanguage.Thereisageneraltendencytolabeltheexceptionwhichinmostcasesturnsouttobewomen.Manywordswithfemininesuffixessuchasfarmeretteauthoressandaviatrixhavesuchacleartrivializingeffectthattherehasbeenatrendawayfromtheiruseandapreferenceforwomanauthorandthelike.ThefemininesofmanyethnictermssuchasNegressandJewessareconsideredparticularlyobjectionable.Otherwordssuchasactressandwaitressseemtohaveescapedthenegativeconnotationsandremaininuse.HoweverwenotethatwaitersoftenworkinmoreexpensiveestablishmentsthandowaitressesthatactressesbelongtoActorsEquityandthatwomenparticipantsintheatricalgroupshavebeguntorefertothemselvesasactors.onrareoccasionsthispresumptionofmalenessintermswhichshouldbesexuallyneutralworkstowomen’’sadvantage.Ifsomeoneiscalledabastardeitherasageneraltermofabuseorasastatementofthelackoflegalmaritaltiesbetweenthatpersonsparentsweassumethatpersonisamale.Whileanillegitimatechildmaybeofeithersexonlymenarebastardincommonusage.Althoughthedictionaryseemstoregardthisasasex-neutraltermarecentdictionaryofslanggivesthetermbastardadefinitionasafemalebastard. Theauthor’stonecanbestbedescribedasgenerallyobjectivebutalsosomewhatnegative.
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
Biotechnology Biotechnologyinoneformoranotherhasflourishedsinceprehistorictimes.Whenthefirsthumanbeingsrealizedthattheycouldplanttheirowncropsandbreedtheirownanimalstheylearnedtousebiotechnology.Thediscoverythatfruitjuicesfermented发酵inwineorthatmilkcouldbeconvertedintocheeseoryogurt酸乳酶orthatbeercouldbemadebyfermentingsolutionsofmalt麦芽andhops啤酒花beganthestudyofbiotechnology.Whenthefirstbakersfoundthattheycouldmakeasoftspongy多乳的breadratherthanafirmthincrackertheywe’’reactingasfledgling缺乏经验的biotechnologists.Thefirstanimalbreedersrealizingthatdifferentphysicaltraitscouldbeeithermagnifiedorlostbymatingappropriatepairsofanimalsengagedinthemanipulationsofbiotechnology. Whatthenisbiotechnology?Thetermbringstominddifferentthings.Somethinkofdevelopingnewtypesofanimals.Othersdreamofalmostunlimitedsourcesofhumantherapeutic治疗的drugs.Stillothersenvision想象thepossibilityofgrowingcropsthataremorenutritious有养分的andnaturallypest-resistant有抵抗力的tofeedarapidlygrowingworldpopulation.Thisquestionelicits引发almostasmanyfirst-thoughtresponsesastherearepeopletowhomthequestioncanbeposed.Initspurestformthetermbiotechnologyreferstotheuseoflivingorganismsortheirproductstomodifyhumanhealthandthehumanenvironment.Prehistoricbiotechnologistsdidthisastheyusedyeastcellstoraisebreaddough生面团andtofermentalcoholicbeveragesandbacterialcellstomakecheesesandyogurtsandastheybredtheirstrongproductiveanimalstomakeevenstrongerandmoreproductiveoffspring.Throughouthumanhistorywehavelearnedagreatdealaboutthedifferentorganismsthatourancestorsusedsoeffectively.Themarkedincreaseinourunderstandingoftheseorganismsandtheircellproductsgainsustheabilitytocontrolthemanyfunctionsofvariouscellsandorganisms.Usingthetechniquesofgenesplicing叠接andrecombineDNAtechnologywecannowactuallycombinethegeneticelementsoftwoormorelivingcells.FunctioninglengthsofDNAcanbetakenfromoneorganismandplacedintothecellsofanotherorganism.Asaresultforexamplewecancausebacterialcellstoproducehumanmoleculescowscanproducemoremilkorthesameamountoffeedandwecansynthesizetherapeuticmoleculesthathaveneverbeforeexisted. ThesentenceThisquestionelicits...para.2means______.
IsThisASenselessNotion? Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhentheyare18andthetruthisfarfromthatsociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsinsays.Todayunexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents.ThereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclassdeclaressociologistAllanSchnailbergofNorthwesternUniversitywhoseson19movedbackafteranabsenceofeightmonths. Analysisciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Themarriageageisrisingaconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearemakingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsometheexpenseofanaway-fromhomecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduationyoungpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbytheskyrocketinghousingcosts. LivingathomesaysKnightonaschoolteachercontinuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed.It’’sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome.Butsharingthefamilyrequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethehasslesoverbathroomstelephonesandprivacy.Somefamilieshowevermanagethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothersitprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco24hasbeenreturnedhomethreetimesandleftthreetimes.WhatIconsideredasocialdrinkmydadconsideredanalcoholproblemsheexplains.HeneverlikedanyoneIdatedsoIeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends’houses. Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Childrenstrugglingtoestablishseparateidentitiescanendupwithasenseofinadequacydefeatandfailure.Andagingparentswhoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedomfindthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisitshowevercanworkedbeneficially. TherewasapparentlyatrendintheU.S.______.
Biotechnology Biotechnologyinoneformoranotherhasflourishedsinceprehistorictimes.Whenthefirsthumanbeingsrealizedthattheycouldplanttheirowncropsandbreedtheirownanimalstheylearnedtousebiotechnology.Thediscoverythatfruitjuicesfermented发酵inwineorthatmilkcouldbeconvertedintocheeseoryogurt酸乳酶orthatbeercouldbemadebyfermentingsolutionsofmalt麦芽andhops啤酒花beganthestudyofbiotechnology.Whenthefirstbakersfoundthattheycouldmakeasoftspongy多乳的breadratherthanafirmthincrackertheywe’’reactingasfledgling缺乏经验的biotechnologists.Thefirstanimalbreedersrealizingthatdifferentphysicaltraitscouldbeeithermagnifiedorlostbymatingappropriatepairsofanimalsengagedinthemanipulationsofbiotechnology. Whatthenisbiotechnology?Thetermbringstominddifferentthings.Somethinkofdevelopingnewtypesofanimals.Othersdreamofalmostunlimitedsourcesofhumantherapeutic治疗的drugs.Stillothersenvision想象thepossibilityofgrowingcropsthataremorenutritious有养分的andnaturallypest-resistant有抵抗力的tofeedarapidlygrowingworldpopulation.Thisquestionelicits引发almostasmanyfirst-thoughtresponsesastherearepeopletowhomthequestioncanbeposed.Initspurestformthetermbiotechnologyreferstotheuseoflivingorganismsortheirproductstomodifyhumanhealthandthehumanenvironment.Prehistoricbiotechnologistsdidthisastheyusedyeastcellstoraisebreaddough生面团andtofermentalcoholicbeveragesandbacterialcellstomakecheesesandyogurtsandastheybredtheirstrongproductiveanimalstomakeevenstrongerandmoreproductiveoffspring.Throughouthumanhistorywehavelearnedagreatdealaboutthedifferentorganismsthatourancestorsusedsoeffectively.Themarkedincreaseinourunderstandingoftheseorganismsandtheircellproductsgainsustheabilitytocontrolthemanyfunctionsofvariouscellsandorganisms.Usingthetechniquesofgenesplicing叠接andrecombineDNAtechnologywecannowactuallycombinethegeneticelementsoftwoormorelivingcells.FunctioninglengthsofDNAcanbetakenfromoneorganismandplacedintothecellsofanotherorganism.Asaresultforexamplewecancausebacterialcellstoproducehumanmoleculescowscanproducemoremilkorthesameamountoffeedandwecansynthesizetherapeuticmoleculesthathaveneverbeforeexisted. AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTanapplicationofbiotechnology?
AnotherAreaofEnglishLanguage Considernowanotherareaofourlanguage.Englishhasalargenumberofnounswhichappeartobeneutralwithregardtosexbutactuallyarecovertlymasculine.Althoughthedictionarymaydefinepoetasonewhowritespoetryawomanwhowritespoetryappearssoanomalousorthreateningtosomethattheyusethespecialtermpoetesstorefertoher.Thereisnocorrespondingtermtocallattentiontothesexofamanwhowritespoetrybutthenwefindnothingremarkableinthefactthatpoetryiswrittenbymen.Ofcourseifawomanissufficientlymeritoriouswemayforgivehersexandrefertoherasapoetafterallorwishingtokeeptheimportantfactofhersexinourconsciousnesswemaycallherawomanpoet.Howevertobalancethepossiblerewardofhavinghersexoverlookedthereremainsthepossibilityofmoreextremepunishmentwemayjudgeherworksoharshlythatshewillbelabelledaladypoet.Onceagainthemoralisclearpeoplewhowritepoetryareassumedtobemenuntilprovenotherwiseandpeopleidentifiedaswomenwhowritepoetryareassumedtobelesscompetentthansexuallyunidentifiedi.e.presumablymalepeoplewhowritepoetry. Ifthephenomenonwehavebeendiscussingwerelimitedtopoetrywemightnotregarditasverysignificantafteralloursocietytendstoregardpoetsassomewhatoddanyway.Butinfactitiswidespreadinthelanguage.Thereisageneraltendencytolabeltheexceptionwhichinmostcasesturnsouttobewomen.Manywordswithfemininesuffixessuchasfarmeretteauthoressandaviatrixhavesuchacleartrivializingeffectthattherehasbeenatrendawayfromtheiruseandapreferenceforwomanauthorandthelike.ThefemininesofmanyethnictermssuchasNegressandJewessareconsideredparticularlyobjectionable.Otherwordssuchasactressandwaitressseemtohaveescapedthenegativeconnotationsandremaininuse.HoweverwenotethatwaitersoftenworkinmoreexpensiveestablishmentsthandowaitressesthatactressesbelongtoActorsEquityandthatwomenparticipantsintheatricalgroupshavebeguntorefertothemselvesasactors.onrareoccasionsthispresumptionofmalenessintermswhichshouldbesexuallyneutralworkstowomen’’sadvantage.Ifsomeoneiscalledabastardeitherasageneraltermofabuseorasastatementofthelackoflegalmaritaltiesbetweenthatpersonsparentsweassumethatpersonisamale.Whileanillegitimatechildmaybeofeithersexonlymenarebastardincommonusage.Althoughthedictionaryseemstoregardthisasasex-neutraltermarecentdictionaryofslanggivesthetermbastardadefinitionasafemalebastard. Thewordanomalousmeansridiculous.
AnotherAreaofEnglishLanguage Considernowanotherareaofourlanguage.Englishhasalargenumberofnounswhichappeartobeneutralwithregardtosexbutactuallyarecovertlymasculine.Althoughthedictionarymaydefinepoetasonewhowritespoetryawomanwhowritespoetryappearssoanomalousorthreateningtosomethattheyusethespecialtermpoetesstorefertoher.Thereisnocorrespondingtermtocallattentiontothesexofamanwhowritespoetrybutthenwefindnothingremarkableinthefactthatpoetryiswrittenbymen.Ofcourseifawomanissufficientlymeritoriouswemayforgivehersexandrefertoherasapoetafterallorwishingtokeeptheimportantfactofhersexinourconsciousnesswemaycallherawomanpoet.Howevertobalancethepossiblerewardofhavinghersexoverlookedthereremainsthepossibilityofmoreextremepunishmentwemayjudgeherworksoharshlythatshewillbelabelledaladypoet.Onceagainthemoralisclearpeoplewhowritepoetryareassumedtobemenuntilprovenotherwiseandpeopleidentifiedaswomenwhowritepoetryareassumedtobelesscompetentthansexuallyunidentifiedi.e.presumablymalepeoplewhowritepoetry. Ifthephenomenonwehavebeendiscussingwerelimitedtopoetrywemightnotregarditasverysignificantafteralloursocietytendstoregardpoetsassomewhatoddanyway.Butinfactitiswidespreadinthelanguage.Thereisageneraltendencytolabeltheexceptionwhichinmostcasesturnsouttobewomen.Manywordswithfemininesuffixessuchasfarmeretteauthoressandaviatrixhavesuchacleartrivializingeffectthattherehasbeenatrendawayfromtheiruseandapreferenceforwomanauthorandthelike.ThefemininesofmanyethnictermssuchasNegressandJewessareconsideredparticularlyobjectionable.Otherwordssuchasactressandwaitressseemtohaveescapedthenegativeconnotationsandremaininuse.HoweverwenotethatwaitersoftenworkinmoreexpensiveestablishmentsthandowaitressesthatactressesbelongtoActorsEquityandthatwomenparticipantsintheatricalgroupshavebeguntorefertothemselvesasactors.onrareoccasionsthispresumptionofmalenessintermswhichshouldbesexuallyneutralworkstowomen’’sadvantage.Ifsomeoneiscalledabastardeitherasageneraltermofabuseorasastatementofthelackoflegalmaritaltiesbetweenthatpersonsparentsweassumethatpersonisamale.Whileanillegitimatechildmaybeofeithersexonlymenarebastardincommonusage.Althoughthedictionaryseemstoregardthisasasex-neutraltermarecentdictionaryofslanggivesthetermbastardadefinitionasafemalebastard. Theauthorissneeringandnastytosomepeople’soccupations.
AnotherAreaofEnglishLanguage Considernowanotherareaofourlanguage.Englishhasalargenumberofnounswhichappeartobeneutralwithregardtosexbutactuallyarecovertlymasculine.Althoughthedictionarymaydefinepoetasonewhowritespoetryawomanwhowritespoetryappearssoanomalousorthreateningtosomethattheyusethespecialtermpoetesstorefertoher.Thereisnocorrespondingtermtocallattentiontothesexofamanwhowritespoetrybutthenwefindnothingremarkableinthefactthatpoetryiswrittenbymen.Ofcourseifawomanissufficientlymeritoriouswemayforgivehersexandrefertoherasapoetafterallorwishingtokeeptheimportantfactofhersexinourconsciousnesswemaycallherawomanpoet.Howevertobalancethepossiblerewardofhavinghersexoverlookedthereremainsthepossibilityofmoreextremepunishmentwemayjudgeherworksoharshlythatshewillbelabelledaladypoet.Onceagainthemoralisclearpeoplewhowritepoetryareassumedtobemenuntilprovenotherwiseandpeopleidentifiedaswomenwhowritepoetryareassumedtobelesscompetentthansexuallyunidentifiedi.e.presumablymalepeoplewhowritepoetry. Ifthephenomenonwehavebeendiscussingwerelimitedtopoetrywemightnotregarditasverysignificantafteralloursocietytendstoregardpoetsassomewhatoddanyway.Butinfactitiswidespreadinthelanguage.Thereisageneraltendencytolabeltheexceptionwhichinmostcasesturnsouttobewomen.Manywordswithfemininesuffixessuchasfarmeretteauthoressandaviatrixhavesuchacleartrivializingeffectthattherehasbeenatrendawayfromtheiruseandapreferenceforwomanauthorandthelike.ThefemininesofmanyethnictermssuchasNegressandJewessareconsideredparticularlyobjectionable.Otherwordssuchasactressandwaitressseemtohaveescapedthenegativeconnotationsandremaininuse.HoweverwenotethatwaitersoftenworkinmoreexpensiveestablishmentsthandowaitressesthatactressesbelongtoActorsEquityandthatwomenparticipantsintheatricalgroupshavebeguntorefertothemselvesasactors.onrareoccasionsthispresumptionofmalenessintermswhichshouldbesexuallyneutralworkstowomen’’sadvantage.Ifsomeoneiscalledabastardeitherasageneraltermofabuseorasastatementofthelackoflegalmaritaltiesbetweenthatpersonsparentsweassumethatpersonisamale.Whileanillegitimatechildmaybeofeithersexonlymenarebastardincommonusage.Althoughthedictionaryseemstoregardthisasasex-neutraltermarecentdictionaryofslanggivesthetermbastardadefinitionasafemalebastard. Ifapoemiswrittenbyapoetesswetendtojudgeitfavorably.
Cancer ThepopularTVvariety-showhostwasgrimbutcalm.Hefacedthecamerasandsaidbluntly:Ihavecancer. MasatakaItsumi’’sdisclosuremaybethelatestsignthattheshameassociatedwithcancerisfinallybreakingdowninacountrywhereunliketheUnitedSatesthetopichastraditionallybeentaboo. Canceristhecountry’’sNo.1killerchainingmorethan230000livesayear.Despitethenumberofpeopleaffectedthesubjecthaslongbeenconcealedinsecrecyandsilence. AsaruleJapanesearereluctanttotellanyoneotherthanfamilyiftheyhavecancer.Anddoctorsoftenlietopatientsaboutacancerdiagnosisfearingtheywouldbedepressedandweakenedbythetruth.Pollsindicatethatmostpeoplewouldprefertobetoldiftheyhavecancer.Buthealthauthoritieshaveestimatedasfewasoneinfivecancerpatientsisgivenatruthfuldiagnosis.Thepatientisveryafraidtohearofhavingcancersomanydoctorsjustdon’ttellsaidonedoctor.Butifwedon’ttellthetruthit’’sbadfortherelationshipbetweendoctorandpatient.SoIthinkthisisbeginningtochange.HesaidhebelievedtheintensepublicinterestintheItsumicasereflectedpent-upcuriosityandconcernaboutthesubject. Thereareothersignsofgreateropennessinconfrontingcancer.Supportgroupsforcancervictimsonceunknownhavesprungup.Theplotofarecentfilmrevolvedaroundamanwithcancer.Anunusuallypowerfultelevisionadvertisementappealingforbone-marrowdonationsfeaturesayoungwomanwhohassincediedofleukemia. Butsecrecyaboutcancerisstillcommon.InJapanseriousillnessisconsideredembarrassing.Peopleworryaboutcausingsufferingandexpensefortheirfamiliesordiscomfortingtheircolleagues.Itsumiinfactbeganhisnewsconferencebyapologizing. Otherfactorscontributetothetabooontalkaboutcancer.Thereisaculturaltendencytowardrestraintondiscussingpersonalmattersandstoicisminfacingproblems.Evenifpatientssensesomethingisverywrongdespiteagooddiagnosismostdonotpresstheirdoctorsorseekasecondopinion.Doctorsaregranteddeeprespectinasocietythatdiscouragesquestioningauthority. Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
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{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息清选择A项如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B项如果该句的信息文章中没有提及请选择C项 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}FoodandCancer{{/B}}? ?MedicalExpertshavesuspectedformanyyearsthatthereisastronglink betweenwhatapersoneatsandcancer.Theysayanewstudyprovidesthefirst evidencethatvitaminscouldreduceaperson’schanceofdevelopingcancer.A teamofChineseandAmericanscientistsdidthestudy.TheyarefromAmerican NationalCancerInstituteandtheCancerInstituteoftheChineseAcademyof MedicalsciencesinBeijing.TheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstitute publishedtheresultsofthestudy.Aboutthirtythousandpeoplebetweenthe agesof40to69tookpartinthestudy.Theywereformthenortherncentral ChineseareaofLinxian.Mostofthemtookvitaminsandmineralseverydayfor fiveyears.??Linxianwaschosenbecausethepeopletherehavean extremelyhighrateofcancerofstomachandesophagus.Researchersbelievethat fungusandmoldsinlocalfoodsmaybepartlyresponsibleforthehighcancer rate.Researchersdividedthoseintoeightgroups.Sevenofthegroupsreceived differentmixturesofvitaminsandmineralsdaily.Theamountsofthevitamins andmineralswere1to2timesgreaterthanwhatAmericanhealthofficialssay isneeded.Theeighthgroupreceivedsugarpillsthathadnoeffect.Thosewho seemedtofainthemostreceivedamixtureofaformofvitaminAcalled B-carotenevitaminEandthemineralselenium.Thevitaminandmineralare believedtopreventdamagetocellscausedbycancer-causingsubstances. Researchersreporteda13percentdropincancerratesinthosewhotook B-carotenevitaminEandselenium.Theyalsofounda10percentdropinthe numberofdeathscausedbystrokesfromburstingbloodvessels.? ?Scientistswarnthatitistoosoontoknowiftheeffectwouldbethe sameamongpeopleinothercountries.TheynotethatthepeopleinLinxianeat foodsthatlacknecessaryvitaminsandminerals.Chineseofficialswillcontinue torecordthehealthrecordsofthepeopleinLinxianformanyyears.Fornow officialsreportedlyareconsideringusingtheresultsofthestudy.Theywant tofindawaytoimprovedthehealthofpeopleinLinxianandothersmalltowns inChina.Thestudylastedforaboutfiveyears.
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OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
IsThisASenselessNotion? Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhentheyare18andthetruthisfarfromthatsociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsinsays.Todayunexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents.ThereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclassdeclaressociologistAllanSchnailbergofNorthwesternUniversitywhoseson19movedbackafteranabsenceofeightmonths. Analysisciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Themarriageageisrisingaconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearemakingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsometheexpenseofanaway-fromhomecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduationyoungpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbytheskyrocketinghousingcosts. LivingathomesaysKnightonaschoolteachercontinuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed.It’’sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome.Butsharingthefamilyrequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethehasslesoverbathroomstelephonesandprivacy.Somefamilieshowevermanagethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothersitprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco24hasbeenreturnedhomethreetimesandleftthreetimes.WhatIconsideredasocialdrinkmydadconsideredanalcoholproblemsheexplains.HeneverlikedanyoneIdatedsoIeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends’houses. Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Childrenstrugglingtoestablishseparateidentitiescanendupwithasenseofinadequacydefeatandfailure.Andagingparentswhoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedomfindthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisitshowevercanworkedbeneficially. Accordingtothepassagewhatisthebestforbothparentsandchildren?
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive It’’snowafairbetthatwewillneverseethetotalextinctionofthesmallpoxvirus.Theideawastocapthegloriousachievementof1980whensmallpoxwaseradicatedinthewildbydestroyingthekillervirusinthelasttwolabsthataresupposedtohaveit—oneintheUSandoneinRussia.Ifsmallpoxhadtrulygonefromtheplanetwhatpointwasthereinkeepingthesereserves? 【51】realityofcourseitwasnaiveto【52】thateveryonewouldlet【53】ofsuchapotentpotentialweapon.Undoubtedlyseveralnationsstillhave【54】vials.【55】thelastofficialstocksoflivevirusbredmistrustoftheUSandRussia【56】noobviousgain. NowAmericanresearchershave【57】ananimalmodelofthehumandiseaseopeningthe【58】fortestsonnewtreatmentsandvaccines.Soonceagainthere’’sagoodreasonto【59】thevirus—justin【60】thediseaseputsinareappearance. Howdowe【61】withthemistrustoftheUSandRussia?【62】.Keepthevirus【63】internationalauspicesinawell-guardedUNlaboratorythat’’sopentoallcountries.TheUSwillobjectofcoursejustasitrejectsamultilateralapproachtojustabouteverything.Butitdoesn’’t【64】theideaiswrong.Ifthevirus【65】usefulthenlet’’smakeittheservantofallhumanity——notjustapartofit. smallpoxn.天花 vialn.小瓶 auspicesn.赞助支持 capvt.结束覆盖 potentadj.有效力的强有力的 mistrustn.不信任怀疑
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