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下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第3～6段每段选择1个最佳标题：(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。? ? Ford? ...
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? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
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{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C ComputerMouse??The basiccomputermouseisanamazinglycleverinventionwitharelativelysimple designthatallowsustopointatthingsonthecomputeranditisvery productive.Thinkofallthethingsyoucandowithamouselikeselectingtext forcopyingandpastingdrawingandevenscrollingonthepagewiththenewer micewiththewheel.Mostofususethecomputermousedailywithoutstoppingto thinkhowitworksuntilitgetsdirtyandwehavetolearnhowtocleanit.We learntopointatthingbeforewelearntospeaksothemouseisaverynatural pointingdevice.Othercomputerpointingdevicesincludelightpensgraphics tabletsandtouchscreenbutthemouseisstillourworkhorse.? ?Thecomputermousewasinventedin1964byDouglasEnglehartofStanford University.Ascomputerscreensbecamepopularandarrowkeyswereusedtomore aroundabodyoftextitbecameclearthatapointingdevicethatallowed easiermotionthroughthetextandevenselectionoftextwouldbeveryuseful. TheintroductionofthemousewiththeAppleLisacomputerin1983really startedthecomputerpublicontheroadtorelyingonthemouseforroutine computertasks.??Howdoesthemousework?Wehavetostartatthe bottomsothinkupsidedownfornow.Itallstartswithmouseball.Asthe mouseballinthebottomofthemouserollsoverthemousepaditpresses againstandturnstwoshafts.Theshaftsareconnectedtowheelswithseveral smallholesinthem.Thewheelshaveapairofsmallelectroniclight-emitting devicescalledlightemittingdiodesLEDmountedoneitherside.OneLEDsends alightbeamtotheLEDontheotherside.Asthewheelsspinandaholerotates bythelightbeamgetsthroughtotheLEDontheotherside.Butamomentlater thelightbeamisblockeduntilthenextholeisinplace.TheLEDdetectsa changingpatternoflightconvertsthepatternintoanelectronicsignaland sendsthesignaltothecomputerthroughwiresinacablethatgoesoutthe mousebody.Thiscableisthetailthathelpsgivethemouseitsname.The computerinterpretsthesignaltotellitwheretopositionthecursoronthe computerscreen.??Sofarwehaveonlydiscussedthebasic computermousethatmostofyouprobablyhaveorhaveused.Oneproblemwith thisdesignisthatthemousegetsdirtyastheballrollsoverthesurfaceand picksupthedirt.Eventuallyyouhavetocleanyourmouse.Theneweroptical miceavoidthisproblembyhavingnomoving parts.Thecomputermousederivesitsnamefromthecablethatgoesoutitsbodywhichlookslikethetailofamouse.
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{{*HTML*}}??A.tosendgoodstovariouspartsoftheworld? ?B.atanytimeduringtheyear??C.hasgreatlypromoted trade??D.isitpossibletoproduceonalargescale? ?E.thetransportofgoods??F.itispossibletoproduceon alargescaleInthetradeofmodemsocietythetransmissionofinformationplaysasimportantaroleas______.
Language Whenmostofusthinkaboutlanguagewethinkfirstaboutwords.Thusthehardestpartoflearningaforeignlanguagemayseemtobememorizing【51】vocabulary;whenweobserveachildfirstacquiringspeechwetalkofhisprogress【52】amatteroflearningnewwords.Wearealso【53】tofeelthattheadultspeakerwiththelargestvocabularyhasthebest【54】ofEnglish.Tothink【55】alanguageasjustastockofwordsis【56】quitewrong.Wordsalonedonot【57】alanguage;agrammaris【58】tocombinetheminsomeintelligibleway.Moreoverwordsarerelativelyeasytolearnandindeedallofusgo【59】learningthemallour【60】.Theyarealsothe【61】stablepartoflanguage.Wordscomeinto【62】changetheirpronunciationsandmeaningsanddisappearcompletelyallwithcomparativeease.Yetitistruethatthe【63】isfocusoflanguage.Itisinwords【64】soundsandmeaningsinterlocktoallowusto【65】withoneanotheranditiswordsthatwearrangetogethertomakesentencesconversationsanddiscourseofallkinds.Thuswehaveaparadoxinthatthemostshort-livedpartoflanguageisalsothecentrewheremeaningpronunciationandgrammarcometogether.
Language Whenmostofusthinkaboutlanguagewethinkfirstaboutwords.Thusthehardestpartoflearningaforeignlanguagemayseemtobememorizing【51】vocabulary;whenweobserveachildfirstacquiringspeechwetalkofhisprogress【52】amatteroflearningnewwords.Wearealso【53】tofeelthattheadultspeakerwiththelargestvocabularyhasthebest【54】ofEnglish.Tothink【55】alanguageasjustastockofwordsis【56】quitewrong.Wordsalonedonot【57】alanguage;agrammaris【58】tocombinetheminsomeintelligibleway.Moreoverwordsarerelativelyeasytolearnandindeedallofusgo【59】learningthemallour【60】.Theyarealsothe【61】stablepartoflanguage.Wordscomeinto【62】changetheirpronunciationsandmeaningsanddisappearcompletelyallwithcomparativeease.Yetitistruethatthe【63】isfocusoflanguage.Itisinwords【64】soundsandmeaningsinterlocktoallowusto【65】withoneanotheranditiswordsthatwearrangetogethertomakesentencesconversationsanddiscourseofallkinds.Thuswehaveaparadoxinthatthemostshort-livedpartoflanguageisalsothecentrewheremeaningpronunciationandgrammarcometogether.
{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题请根据短文内容为每题定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} HowtoStartaSmallBusinessinthe US??PeoplefromothercountriesoftentakeAmerica asthelandofopportunity.Americanstoobelievethatthecountrygivesno endofchancestothosewhowanttoopentheirownbusinesses.Todaymany Americansarestilltryinghardtobecomesmallbusinesspeoplealthoughonly oneoutoftworemainsinoperationafterthefirsttwoyears.? ?Manypeoplestarttheirsmallbusinessesforthewrongreasons.Theywant togetawayfromthepaperworkoftheirpresentjobsortoexchangethe responsibilityoftheirpresentjobsforfreelifestyles.Butmorenotless paperworkandresponsibilitycomewithownershipofasmallbusiness.? ?ThomasistheownerofthenewsmagazineMotherEarthwhichisnowquite successful.Hesaysthathehadtoworksixtyhourswithoutstoppingwhenhewas tryingtobringoutthefirstissue.??Thomashadwaitedforyears afterhecameupwiththeideaforMotherEarth.Duringthattimehecollected asmuchinformationashecouldabouthisbusiness.Heborrowedbooksfromthe librarytalkedtosuccessfulpeopleinthefieldandbeganplanningcarefully theamountofmoneyandthekindsandnumbersofsupplieshewouldneed.Whenhe finallyopenedwithacapitalof$1500hesetuphisofficeinthekitchen andhisprintingpressinthegarage.Owingtohisdevotion投入tobusinesshis talentandhisskillinmanagementMotherEarthnowhasacirculation发行量of 300000.??NotallsmallbusinessesaredoingasfineasMother Earthas50%ofthe450000thatstartinAmericaeveryyearfail.Still95%of businessesintheUScanbecalledsmall.Altogetherthesebusinessesamount to40%ofAmerica’sgrossnational product国民生产总值.Accordingtoparagraph2manypeoplestartsmallbusinessesinorderto______.
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{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项? ? TransportandTrade??1 ?Transportisoneoftheaidstotrade.Bymovinggoodsfromplaceswhere theyareplentifultoplaceswheretheyarescarcetransportaddstotheir value.Themoreeasilygoodscanbebroughtoverthedistancethatseparates producerandconsumerthebetterfortrade.Whentherewerenorailwaysno goodroadsnocanalsandonlysmallsailingshipstradewasonasmall scale.??2?Thegreatadvancesmadeintransportduringthe lasttwohundredyearswereaccompaniedbyabigincreaseintrade.Biggerand fastershipsenabledatradeinmeattodevelopbetweenBritainandNewZealand forinstance.Quickertransportmakespossiblemass-productionandbigbusiness drawingsuppliesfromandsellinggoodstoallpartsoftheglobe.Big factoriescouldnotexistwithouttransporttocarrythelargenumberofworkers theyneedtoandfromtheirhomes.Bigcitystorescouldnothavedeveloped unlesscustomerscouldtraveleasilyfromthesuburbsandgoodsdeliveredto theirhomes.Bigcitiescouldnotsurviveunlessfoodcouldbebroughtfroma distance.??3?Transportalsopreventswaste.Muchofthe fishlandedattheportswouldbewastedifitcouldnotbetakenquicklyto inlandtowns.Transporthasgivenusamuchgreatervarietyoffoodsandgoods sincewenolongerhavetoliveonwhatisproducedlocally.Foodswhichatone timecouldbeobtainedonlyduringapartoftheyearcannowbeobtainedall throughtheyear.Transporthasraisedthestandardofliving.??4 ?Bymovingfuelrawmaterialsandevenpowerasforexamplethrough electriccablestransporthasledtotheestablishmentofindustriesandtrade inareaswheretheywouldhavebeenimpossiblebefore.Districtsandcountries canconcentrateonmakingthingswhichtheycandobetterandmorecheaplythan othersandcanthenexchangethemwithoneanother.Thecheaperandquicker transportbecomesthelongerthedistanceoverwhichgoodscanprofitablybe carried.Countrieswithpoortransporthavealowerstandardof living.??5?Commercerequiresnotonlythemovingofgoods andpeoplebutalsothecarryingofmessagesandinformation.Meansof communicationliketelephonescablesandradiosendinformationaboutprices suppliesandchangingconditionsindifferentpartsoftheworld.Inthisway advancedcommunicationsystemsalsohelptodeveloptrade. ??A.Higherlivingstandard??B.Importanceof transportintrade??C.Variousmeansoftransport? ?D.Birthoftransport-relatedindustriesandtrade??E.Role ofinformationintrade??F.PublictransportationParagraph3______.
Language Whenmostofusthinkaboutlanguagewethinkfirstaboutwords.Thusthehardestpartoflearningaforeignlanguagemayseemtobememorizing【51】vocabulary;whenweobserveachildfirstacquiringspeechwetalkofhisprogress【52】amatteroflearningnewwords.Wearealso【53】tofeelthattheadultspeakerwiththelargestvocabularyhasthebest【54】ofEnglish.Tothink【55】alanguageasjustastockofwordsis【56】quitewrong.Wordsalonedonot【57】alanguage;agrammaris【58】tocombinetheminsomeintelligibleway.Moreoverwordsarerelativelyeasytolearnandindeedallofusgo【59】learningthemallour【60】.Theyarealsothe【61】stablepartoflanguage.Wordscomeinto【62】changetheirpronunciationsandmeaningsanddisappearcompletelyallwithcomparativeease.Yetitistruethatthe【63】isfocusoflanguage.Itisinwords【64】soundsandmeaningsinterlocktoallowusto【65】withoneanotheranditiswordsthatwearrangetogethertomakesentencesconversationsanddiscourseofallkinds.Thuswehaveaparadoxinthatthemostshort-livedpartoflanguageisalsothecentrewheremeaningpronunciationandgrammarcometogether.
MaleandFemalepilotscauseaccidentsdifferently MalepilotsflyinggeneralaviationprivateaircraftintheUnitedStatesaremorelikelytocrashduetoinattentionorflaweddecisionmakingwhilefemalepilotsaremorelikelytocrashfrommishandlingtheaircraft.ThesearetheresultsofastudybyresearchersattheJohnsHopkinsUniversityBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth. Thestudyidentifiesthedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemalepilotsintermsofcircumstancesofthecrashandthetypeofpilotserrorinvolved.Crashesofgeneralaviationaircraftaccountfor85percentofallaviationdeathsintheUnitedStates.ThecrashrateformalepilotsasformotorvehicledriversexceedsthatofcrashesoffemalepilotsexplainsSusanP.BakerMPHprofessorofhealthpolicyandmanagementattheBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth.Becausepilotyouthandinexperienceareestablishedcontributorstoaviationcrasheswefocusedononlymaturepilotstodeterminethegenderdifferencesinthereasonsforthecrash. Theresearchersextracteddataforthisstudyfromalargeresearchprojectonpilotagingandflightsafety.Thedataweregatheredfromgeneralaviationcrashesofairplanesandhelicoptersbetween1983and1997involving144femalepilotsand267malepilotsaged40-63.Femalepilotswerematchedwithmalepilotsina1:2ratiobyageclassesofmedicalandpilotcertificatesstateorareaofcrashandyearofcrash.Thenthecircumstancesofthecrashesandthepiloterrorinvolvedwerecategorizedandcodedwithoutknowledgeofpilotgender. Theresearchersfoundthatlossofcontrolonlandingortakeoffwasthemostcommoncircumstanceforbothsexesleadingto59percentoffemalepilots’crashesand36percentofmales’’.Experiencingmechanicalfailurerunningoutoffuelandlandingtheplanewiththelandinggearupwereamongthefactorsmorelikelywithmaleswhilestallingwasmorelikelywithfemales. Themajorityofthecrashes—95percentforfemalesand88percentformales—involvedatleastonetypeofpiloterror.Mishandlingaircraftkineticswasthemostcommonerrorforbothsexesbutwasmorecommonamongfemalesaccountingfor81percentofthecrashesthanmalesaccountingfor48percent.Maleshoweverappearedmorelikelytobeguiltyofpoordecision-makingrisk-takingandinattentivenessexamplesofwhichincludemisjudgingweatherandvisibilityorflyinganaircraftwithaknowndefect.Femalesthoughmorelikelytomishandleorlosecontroloftheaircraftweregenerallymorecarefulthantheirmalecounterparts. inattention/n.疏忽 aviation/n.航空 flawed/adj.有缺陷的 mishandle/v.瞎弄乱处理 MPHMasterofPublicHealth公共卫生硕士 gender/n.性性别 runout耗尽用完 stallv.飞机失速发动机熄火 kinetics/n.动力学 Inthecomparisonoffemaleandmalepilots______.
Vegetarianism Astrictvegetarianisapersonwhoneverinhislifeeatsanythingderivedfromanimals.Themainobjectiontovegetarianismonalong-termbasisisthedifficultytogettingenoughproteinthebodybuildingelementsinfood.Ifyouhaveeverbeenwithoutmeatoranimalfoodsforsomedaysofweekssayreligiousreasonsyouwillhavenoticedthatyoutendtogetphysicallyratherweak.Youaregladwhenthefastisoverandyougetyourrewardofasucculentmeatmeal.Proteinsarebuiltupfromapproximatelytwentyfoodelementscalledamino-acidswhicharefoundmoreabundantlyinanimalproteinthaninvegetableprotein.Thismeansyouhavetoeatagreatdealmorevegetablethananimalfoodinordertogetenoughoftheseamino-acids.Agreatofthevegetablefoodgoestowasteinthisprocessandfromthephysiologicalpointofviewthereisnotmuchtobesaidinfavoroflife-longvegetarianism. Theeconomicsideofthequestionthoughmustbeconsidered.Vegetablefoodismuchcheaperthananimalfood.Howeversinceonlyasmallproportionofthevegetableproteinisusefulforbody-buildingpurposesaconsistentvegetarianifheistogainthenecessary70gramsofproteinadayhastoconsumeagreaterbulkoffoodthanhisdigestiveorganscancomfortablydealwith.Infairnessthoughitmustbepointedoutthatvegetariansclaimtheyneedfarlessthan70gramsofproteinaday. Whetherornotvegetarianismshouldbeadvocatedforadultsitisdefinitelyunsatisfactoryforgrowingchildrenwhoneedmoreproteinthantheycangetfromvegetablesource’’s.Alacto-vegetariandietwhichincludesmilkandmilkproductssuchascheesecanhoweverbesatisfactoryaslongasenoughmilkandmilkproductsareconsumed. Meatandcheesearethebestsourcesofusabledigestibleandnextcomemilkfishandeggs.Slowandcarefulcookingofmeatmakesitmoredigestibleandassistsinthebreakingdownoftheproteincontentbythebody.Whencookingvegetableshoweverthevitaminsandinparticularthewater-solubevitaminCshouldbelostthroughovercooking. Comparedwithvegetablefoodanimalfoodcontains______.
Agreatdealhasbeendoneto{{U}}remedy{{/U}}thesituation.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C ComputerMouse??The basiccomputermouseisanamazinglycleverinventionwitharelativelysimple designthatallowsustopointatthingsonthecomputeranditisvery productive.Thinkofallthethingsyoucandowithamouselikeselectingtext forcopyingandpastingdrawingandevenscrollingonthepagewiththenewer micewiththewheel.Mostofususethecomputermousedailywithoutstoppingto thinkhowitworksuntilitgetsdirtyandwehavetolearnhowtocleanit.We learntopointatthingbeforewelearntospeaksothemouseisaverynatural pointingdevice.Othercomputerpointingdevicesincludelightpensgraphics tabletsandtouchscreenbutthemouseisstillourworkhorse.? ?Thecomputermousewasinventedin1964byDouglasEnglehartofStanford University.Ascomputerscreensbecamepopularandarrowkeyswereusedtomore aroundabodyoftextitbecameclearthatapointingdevicethatallowed easiermotionthroughthetextandevenselectionoftextwouldbeveryuseful. TheintroductionofthemousewiththeAppleLisacomputerin1983really startedthecomputerpublicontheroadtorelyingonthemouseforroutine computertasks.??Howdoesthemousework?Wehavetostartatthe bottomsothinkupsidedownfornow.Itallstartswithmouseball.Asthe mouseballinthebottomofthemouserollsoverthemousepaditpresses againstandturnstwoshafts.Theshaftsareconnectedtowheelswithseveral smallholesinthem.Thewheelshaveapairofsmallelectroniclight-emitting devicescalledlightemittingdiodesLEDmountedoneitherside.OneLEDsends alightbeamtotheLEDontheotherside.Asthewheelsspinandaholerotates bythelightbeamgetsthroughtotheLEDontheotherside.Butamomentlater thelightbeamisblockeduntilthenextholeisinplace.TheLEDdetectsa changingpatternoflightconvertsthepatternintoanelectronicsignaland sendsthesignaltothecomputerthroughwiresinacablethatgoesoutthe mousebody.Thiscableisthetailthathelpsgivethemouseitsname.The computerinterpretsthesignaltotellitwheretopositionthecursoronthe computerscreen.??Sofarwehaveonlydiscussedthebasic computermousethatmostofyouprobablyhaveorhaveused.Oneproblemwith thisdesignisthatthemousegetsdirtyastheballrollsoverthesurfaceand picksupthedirt.Eventuallyyouhavetocleanyourmouse.Theneweroptical miceavoidthisproblembyhavingnomoving parts.Mostcomputeruserswanttoknowhowthecomputermouseworks.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} U.S.ScientistsConfirmWateron Mars??NASAscientistssaidthatMarswascovered oncebyvastlakesflowingriversandavarietyofotherwetenvironmentsthat hadthepotentialtosupportlife.??Laboratorytestsaboard NASA’sPhoenixMarsLanderhaveidentifiedwaterinasoilsample.Thelander’s roboticarmdeliveredthesampleWednesdaytoaninstrumentthatidentifies vaporsproducedbytheheatingofsamples.??Wehavewatersaid WilliamBoyntonoftheUniversityofArizonaleadscientistfortheThermaland Evolved-GasAnalyzerorTEGA.ThisisthefirsttimeMartianwaterhasbeen touchedandtasted.??Theroboticarmisacriticalpartofthe PhoenixMarsmission.Itisneededtotrenchintotheicylayersofnorthern polarMarsanddeliversamplestoinstrumentsthatwillanalyzewhatMarsis madeofwhatitswaterislikeandwhetheritisorhaseverbeenapossible habitatforlife.??Thesoilsamplecamefromatrench approximately2inchesdeep.Whentheroboticarmfirstreachedthatdepthit hitahardlayeroffrozensoil.Twoattemptstodeliversamplesoficysoilon dayswhenfreshmaterialwasexposedwerefoiledwhenthesamplesbecamestuck insidethescoop.MostofthematerialinWednesday’ssamplehadbeenexposedto theairfortwodayslettingsomeofthewaterinthesamplevaporizeawayand makingthesoileasiertohandle.??Marsisgivingussome surprisessaidPhoenixprincipalinvestigatorPeterSmithoftheUniversityof Arizona.We’reexcitedbecausesurprisesarewherediscoveriescomefrom.One surpriseishowthesoilisbehaving.Theice-richlayerssticktothescoop whenpoisedinthesunabovethedeckdifferentfromwhatweexpectedfromall theMarssimulationtestingwe’vedonesofar.??Sincelanding onMay25Phoenixhasbeenstudyingsoilwith.achemistrylabTEGAa microscopeaconductivityprobeandcameras.Thescienceteamistryingto determinewhetherthewatericeeverthawsenoughtobeavailableforbiology andifcarbon-containingchemicalsandotherrawmaterialsforlifeare present.??Themissionisexaminingtheskyaswellastheground. ACanadianinstrumentisusingalaserbeamtostudydustandclouds overhead.??It’sa30-wattlightbulbgivingusalasershowon MarssaidVictoriaHipkinoftheCanadianSpaceAgency.??A full-circlecolorpanoramaofPhoenix’ssurroundingsalsohasbeencompletedby thespacecraft.??Thedetailsandpatternsweseeintheground showanice-dominatedterrainasfarastheeyecanseesaidMarkLemmonof TexasA&MUniversityleadscientistforPhoenix’sSurfaceStereoImager camera.Theyhelpusplanmeasurementswe’remakingwithinreachoftherobotic armandinterpretthosemeasurementsonawiderscale. WhatwasdiscoveredbyNASA’sPhoenixMarsLanderonMars?
Language Whenmostofusthinkaboutlanguagewethinkfirstaboutwords.Thusthehardestpartoflearningaforeignlanguagemayseemtobememorizing【51】vocabulary;whenweobserveachildfirstacquiringspeechwetalkofhisprogress【52】amatteroflearningnewwords.Wearealso【53】tofeelthattheadultspeakerwiththelargestvocabularyhasthebest【54】ofEnglish.Tothink【55】alanguageasjustastockofwordsis【56】quitewrong.Wordsalonedonot【57】alanguage;agrammaris【58】tocombinetheminsomeintelligibleway.Moreoverwordsarerelativelyeasytolearnandindeedallofusgo【59】learningthemallour【60】.Theyarealsothe【61】stablepartoflanguage.Wordscomeinto【62】changetheirpronunciationsandmeaningsanddisappearcompletelyallwithcomparativeease.Yetitistruethatthe【63】isfocusoflanguage.Itisinwords【64】soundsandmeaningsinterlocktoallowusto【65】withoneanotheranditiswordsthatwearrangetogethertomakesentencesconversationsanddiscourseofallkinds.Thuswehaveaparadoxinthatthemostshort-livedpartoflanguageisalsothecentrewheremeaningpronunciationandgrammarcometogether.
Language Whenmostofusthinkaboutlanguagewethinkfirstaboutwords.Thusthehardestpartoflearningaforeignlanguagemayseemtobememorizing【51】vocabulary;whenweobserveachildfirstacquiringspeechwetalkofhisprogress【52】amatteroflearningnewwords.Wearealso【53】tofeelthattheadultspeakerwiththelargestvocabularyhasthebest【54】ofEnglish.Tothink【55】alanguageasjustastockofwordsis【56】quitewrong.Wordsalonedonot【57】alanguage;agrammaris【58】tocombinetheminsomeintelligibleway.Moreoverwordsarerelativelyeasytolearnandindeedallofusgo【59】learningthemallour【60】.Theyarealsothe【61】stablepartoflanguage.Wordscomeinto【62】changetheirpronunciationsandmeaningsanddisappearcompletelyallwithcomparativeease.Yetitistruethatthe【63】isfocusoflanguage.Itisinwords【64】soundsandmeaningsinterlocktoallowusto【65】withoneanotheranditiswordsthatwearrangetogethertomakesentencesconversationsanddiscourseofallkinds.Thuswehaveaparadoxinthatthemostshort-livedpartoflanguageisalsothecentrewheremeaningpronunciationandgrammarcometogether.
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Language Whenmostofusthinkaboutlanguagewethinkfirstaboutwords.Thusthehardestpartoflearningaforeignlanguagemayseemtobememorizing【51】vocabulary;whenweobserveachildfirstacquiringspeechwetalkofhisprogress【52】amatteroflearningnewwords.Wearealso【53】tofeelthattheadultspeakerwiththelargestvocabularyhasthebest【54】ofEnglish.Tothink【55】alanguageasjustastockofwordsis【56】quitewrong.Wordsalonedonot【57】alanguage;agrammaris【58】tocombinetheminsomeintelligibleway.Moreoverwordsarerelativelyeasytolearnandindeedallofusgo【59】learningthemallour【60】.Theyarealsothe【61】stablepartoflanguage.Wordscomeinto【62】changetheirpronunciationsandmeaningsanddisappearcompletelyallwithcomparativeease.Yetitistruethatthe【63】isfocusoflanguage.Itisinwords【64】soundsandmeaningsinterlocktoallowusto【65】withoneanotheranditiswordsthatwearrangetogethertomakesentencesconversationsanddiscourseofallkinds.Thuswehaveaparadoxinthatthemostshort-livedpartoflanguageisalsothecentrewheremeaningpronunciationandgrammarcometogether.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C ComputerMouse??The basiccomputermouseisanamazinglycleverinventionwitharelativelysimple designthatallowsustopointatthingsonthecomputeranditisvery productive.Thinkofallthethingsyoucandowithamouselikeselectingtext forcopyingandpastingdrawingandevenscrollingonthepagewiththenewer micewiththewheel.Mostofususethecomputermousedailywithoutstoppingto thinkhowitworksuntilitgetsdirtyandwehavetolearnhowtocleanit.We learntopointatthingbeforewelearntospeaksothemouseisaverynatural pointingdevice.Othercomputerpointingdevicesincludelightpensgraphics tabletsandtouchscreenbutthemouseisstillourworkhorse.? ?Thecomputermousewasinventedin1964byDouglasEnglehartofStanford University.Ascomputerscreensbecamepopularandarrowkeyswereusedtomore aroundabodyoftextitbecameclearthatapointingdevicethatallowed easiermotionthroughthetextandevenselectionoftextwouldbeveryuseful. TheintroductionofthemousewiththeAppleLisacomputerin1983really startedthecomputerpublicontheroadtorelyingonthemouseforroutine computertasks.??Howdoesthemousework?Wehavetostartatthe bottomsothinkupsidedownfornow.Itallstartswithmouseball.Asthe mouseballinthebottomofthemouserollsoverthemousepaditpresses againstandturnstwoshafts.Theshaftsareconnectedtowheelswithseveral smallholesinthem.Thewheelshaveapairofsmallelectroniclight-emitting devicescalledlightemittingdiodesLEDmountedoneitherside.OneLEDsends alightbeamtotheLEDontheotherside.Asthewheelsspinandaholerotates bythelightbeamgetsthroughtotheLEDontheotherside.Butamomentlater thelightbeamisblockeduntilthenextholeisinplace.TheLEDdetectsa changingpatternoflightconvertsthepatternintoanelectronicsignaland sendsthesignaltothecomputerthroughwiresinacablethatgoesoutthe mousebody.Thiscableisthetailthathelpsgivethemouseitsname.The computerinterpretsthesignaltotellitwheretopositionthecursoronthe computerscreen.??Sofarwehaveonlydiscussedthebasic computermousethatmostofyouprobablyhaveorhaveused.Oneproblemwith thisdesignisthatthemousegetsdirtyastheballrollsoverthesurfaceand picksupthedirt.Eventuallyyouhavetocleanyourmouse.Theneweroptical miceavoidthisproblembyhavingnomoving parts.Whenanordinarycomputermousegetsdirtyithastobereplacedwithanewone.
{{*HTML*}}??A.tosendgoodstovariouspartsoftheworld? ?B.atanytimeduringtheyear??C.hasgreatlypromoted trade??D.isitpossibletoproduceonalargescale? ?E.thetransportofgoods??F.itispossibletoproduceon alargescaleOnlywhengoodscanbecarriedtoallpartsoftheworldquickly______.
{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题请根据短文内容为每题定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} HowtoStartaSmallBusinessinthe US??PeoplefromothercountriesoftentakeAmerica asthelandofopportunity.Americanstoobelievethatthecountrygivesno endofchancestothosewhowanttoopentheirownbusinesses.Todaymany Americansarestilltryinghardtobecomesmallbusinesspeoplealthoughonly oneoutoftworemainsinoperationafterthefirsttwoyears.? ?Manypeoplestarttheirsmallbusinessesforthewrongreasons.Theywant togetawayfromthepaperworkoftheirpresentjobsortoexchangethe responsibilityoftheirpresentjobsforfreelifestyles.Butmorenotless paperworkandresponsibilitycomewithownershipofasmallbusiness.? ?ThomasistheownerofthenewsmagazineMotherEarthwhichisnowquite successful.Hesaysthathehadtoworksixtyhourswithoutstoppingwhenhewas tryingtobringoutthefirstissue.??Thomashadwaitedforyears afterhecameupwiththeideaforMotherEarth.Duringthattimehecollected asmuchinformationashecouldabouthisbusiness.Heborrowedbooksfromthe librarytalkedtosuccessfulpeopleinthefieldandbeganplanningcarefully theamountofmoneyandthekindsandnumbersofsupplieshewouldneed.Whenhe finallyopenedwithacapitalof$1500hesetuphisofficeinthekitchen andhisprintingpressinthegarage.Owingtohisdevotion投入tobusinesshis talentandhisskillinmanagementMotherEarthnowhasacirculation发行量of 300000.??NotallsmallbusinessesaredoingasfineasMother Earthas50%ofthe450000thatstartinAmericaeveryyearfail.Still95%of businessesintheUScanbecalledsmall.Altogetherthesebusinessesamount to40%ofAmerica’sgrossnational product国民生产总值.Thomas’successcanbeattributedto______.
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Language Whenmostofusthinkaboutlanguagewethinkfirstaboutwords.Thusthehardestpartoflearningaforeignlanguagemayseemtobememorizing【51】vocabulary;whenweobserveachildfirstacquiringspeechwetalkofhisprogress【52】amatteroflearningnewwords.Wearealso【53】tofeelthattheadultspeakerwiththelargestvocabularyhasthebest【54】ofEnglish.Tothink【55】alanguageasjustastockofwordsis【56】quitewrong.Wordsalonedonot【57】alanguage;agrammaris【58】tocombinetheminsomeintelligibleway.Moreoverwordsarerelativelyeasytolearnandindeedallofusgo【59】learningthemallour【60】.Theyarealsothe【61】stablepartoflanguage.Wordscomeinto【62】changetheirpronunciationsandmeaningsanddisappearcompletelyallwithcomparativeease.Yetitistruethatthe【63】isfocusoflanguage.Itisinwords【64】soundsandmeaningsinterlocktoallowusto【65】withoneanotheranditiswordsthatwearrangetogethertomakesentencesconversationsanddiscourseofallkinds.Thuswehaveaparadoxinthatthemostshort-livedpartoflanguageisalsothecentrewheremeaningpronunciationandgrammarcometogether.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项? ? TransportandTrade??1 ?Transportisoneoftheaidstotrade.Bymovinggoodsfromplaceswhere theyareplentifultoplaceswheretheyarescarcetransportaddstotheir value.Themoreeasilygoodscanbebroughtoverthedistancethatseparates producerandconsumerthebetterfortrade.Whentherewerenorailwaysno goodroadsnocanalsandonlysmallsailingshipstradewasonasmall scale.??2?Thegreatadvancesmadeintransportduringthe lasttwohundredyearswereaccompaniedbyabigincreaseintrade.Biggerand fastershipsenabledatradeinmeattodevelopbetweenBritainandNewZealand forinstance.Quickertransportmakespossiblemass-productionandbigbusiness drawingsuppliesfromandsellinggoodstoallpartsoftheglobe.Big factoriescouldnotexistwithouttransporttocarrythelargenumberofworkers theyneedtoandfromtheirhomes.Bigcitystorescouldnothavedeveloped unlesscustomerscouldtraveleasilyfromthesuburbsandgoodsdeliveredto theirhomes.Bigcitiescouldnotsurviveunlessfoodcouldbebroughtfroma distance.??3?Transportalsopreventswaste.Muchofthe fishlandedattheportswouldbewastedifitcouldnotbetakenquicklyto inlandtowns.Transporthasgivenusamuchgreatervarietyoffoodsandgoods sincewenolongerhavetoliveonwhatisproducedlocally.Foodswhichatone timecouldbeobtainedonlyduringapartoftheyearcannowbeobtainedall throughtheyear.Transporthasraisedthestandardofliving.??4 ?Bymovingfuelrawmaterialsandevenpowerasforexamplethrough electriccablestransporthasledtotheestablishmentofindustriesandtrade inareaswheretheywouldhavebeenimpossiblebefore.Districtsandcountries canconcentrateonmakingthingswhichtheycandobetterandmorecheaplythan othersandcanthenexchangethemwithoneanother.Thecheaperandquicker transportbecomesthelongerthedistanceoverwhichgoodscanprofitablybe carried.Countrieswithpoortransporthavealowerstandardof living.??5?Commercerequiresnotonlythemovingofgoods andpeoplebutalsothecarryingofmessagesandinformation.Meansof communicationliketelephonescablesandradiosendinformationaboutprices suppliesandchangingconditionsindifferentpartsoftheworld.Inthisway advancedcommunicationsystemsalsohelptodeveloptrade. ??A.Higherlivingstandard??B.Importanceof transportintrade??C.Variousmeansoftransport? ?D.Birthoftransport-relatedindustriesandtrade??E.Role ofinformationintrade??F.PublictransportationParagraph5______.
Vegetarianism Astrictvegetarianisapersonwhoneverinhislifeeatsanythingderivedfromanimals.Themainobjectiontovegetarianismonalong-termbasisisthedifficultytogettingenoughproteinthebodybuildingelementsinfood.Ifyouhaveeverbeenwithoutmeatoranimalfoodsforsomedaysofweekssayreligiousreasonsyouwillhavenoticedthatyoutendtogetphysicallyratherweak.Youaregladwhenthefastisoverandyougetyourrewardofasucculentmeatmeal.Proteinsarebuiltupfromapproximatelytwentyfoodelementscalledamino-acidswhicharefoundmoreabundantlyinanimalproteinthaninvegetableprotein.Thismeansyouhavetoeatagreatdealmorevegetablethananimalfoodinordertogetenoughoftheseamino-acids.Agreatofthevegetablefoodgoestowasteinthisprocessandfromthephysiologicalpointofviewthereisnotmuchtobesaidinfavoroflife-longvegetarianism. Theeconomicsideofthequestionthoughmustbeconsidered.Vegetablefoodismuchcheaperthananimalfood.Howeversinceonlyasmallproportionofthevegetableproteinisusefulforbody-buildingpurposesaconsistentvegetarianifheistogainthenecessary70gramsofproteinadayhastoconsumeagreaterbulkoffoodthanhisdigestiveorganscancomfortablydealwith.Infairnessthoughitmustbepointedoutthatvegetariansclaimtheyneedfarlessthan70gramsofproteinaday. Whetherornotvegetarianismshouldbeadvocatedforadultsitisdefinitelyunsatisfactoryforgrowingchildrenwhoneedmoreproteinthantheycangetfromvegetablesource’’s.Alacto-vegetariandietwhichincludesmilkandmilkproductssuchascheesecanhoweverbesatisfactoryaslongasenoughmilkandmilkproductsareconsumed. Meatandcheesearethebestsourcesofusabledigestibleandnextcomemilkfishandeggs.Slowandcarefulcookingofmeatmakesitmoredigestibleandassistsinthebreakingdownoftheproteincontentbythebody.Whencookingvegetableshoweverthevitaminsandinparticularthewater-solubevitaminCshouldbelostthroughovercooking. Fromthepassageweknowthat______.
{{*HTML*}}下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提供的是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C ComputerMouse??The basiccomputermouseisanamazinglycleverinventionwitharelativelysimple designthatallowsustopointatthingsonthecomputeranditisvery productive.Thinkofallthethingsyoucandowithamouselikeselectingtext forcopyingandpastingdrawingandevenscrollingonthepagewiththenewer micewiththewheel.Mostofususethecomputermousedailywithoutstoppingto thinkhowitworksuntilitgetsdirtyandwehavetolearnhowtocleanit.We learntopointatthingbeforewelearntospeaksothemouseisaverynatural pointingdevice.Othercomputerpointingdevicesincludelightpensgraphics tabletsandtouchscreenbutthemouseisstillourworkhorse.? ?Thecomputermousewasinventedin1964byDouglasEnglehartofStanford University.Ascomputerscreensbecamepopularandarrowkeyswereusedtomore aroundabodyoftextitbecameclearthatapointingdevicethatallowed easiermotionthroughthetextandevenselectionoftextwouldbeveryuseful. TheintroductionofthemousewiththeAppleLisacomputerin1983really startedthecomputerpublicontheroadtorelyingonthemouseforroutine computertasks.??Howdoesthemousework?Wehavetostartatthe bottomsothinkupsidedownfornow.Itallstartswithmouseball.Asthe mouseballinthebottomofthemouserollsoverthemousepaditpresses againstandturnstwoshafts.Theshaftsareconnectedtowheelswithseveral smallholesinthem.Thewheelshaveapairofsmallelectroniclight-emitting devicescalledlightemittingdiodesLEDmountedoneitherside.OneLEDsends alightbeamtotheLEDontheotherside.Asthewheelsspinandaholerotates bythelightbeamgetsthroughtotheLEDontheotherside.Butamomentlater thelightbeamisblockeduntilthenextholeisinplace.TheLEDdetectsa changingpatternoflightconvertsthepatternintoanelectronicsignaland sendsthesignaltothecomputerthroughwiresinacablethatgoesoutthe mousebody.Thiscableisthetailthathelpsgivethemouseitsname.The computerinterpretsthesignaltotellitwheretopositionthecursoronthe computerscreen.??Sofarwehaveonlydiscussedthebasic computermousethatmostofyouprobablyhaveorhaveused.Oneproblemwith thisdesignisthatthemousegetsdirtyastheballrollsoverthesurfaceand picksupthedirt.Eventuallyyouhavetocleanyourmouse.Theneweroptical miceavoidthisproblembyhavingnomoving parts.Theopticalmouseissuperiortothebasiconeinthattheformerhasnomovingparts.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} U.S.ScientistsConfirmWateron Mars??NASAscientistssaidthatMarswascovered oncebyvastlakesflowingriversandavarietyofotherwetenvironmentsthat hadthepotentialtosupportlife.??Laboratorytestsaboard NASA’sPhoenixMarsLanderhaveidentifiedwaterinasoilsample.Thelander’s roboticarmdeliveredthesampleWednesdaytoaninstrumentthatidentifies vaporsproducedbytheheatingofsamples.??Wehavewatersaid WilliamBoyntonoftheUniversityofArizonaleadscientistfortheThermaland Evolved-GasAnalyzerorTEGA.ThisisthefirsttimeMartianwaterhasbeen touchedandtasted.??Theroboticarmisacriticalpartofthe PhoenixMarsmission.Itisneededtotrenchintotheicylayersofnorthern polarMarsanddeliversamplestoinstrumentsthatwillanalyzewhatMarsis madeofwhatitswaterislikeandwhetheritisorhaseverbeenapossible habitatforlife.??Thesoilsamplecamefromatrench approximately2inchesdeep.Whentheroboticarmfirstreachedthatdepthit hitahardlayeroffrozensoil.Twoattemptstodeliversamplesoficysoilon dayswhenfreshmaterialwasexposedwerefoiledwhenthesamplesbecamestuck insidethescoop.MostofthematerialinWednesday’ssamplehadbeenexposedto theairfortwodayslettingsomeofthewaterinthesamplevaporizeawayand makingthesoileasiertohandle.??Marsisgivingussome surprisessaidPhoenixprincipalinvestigatorPeterSmithoftheUniversityof Arizona.We’reexcitedbecausesurprisesarewherediscoveriescomefrom.One surpriseishowthesoilisbehaving.Theice-richlayerssticktothescoop whenpoisedinthesunabovethedeckdifferentfromwhatweexpectedfromall theMarssimulationtestingwe’vedonesofar.??Sincelanding onMay25Phoenixhasbeenstudyingsoilwith.achemistrylabTEGAa microscopeaconductivityprobeandcameras.Thescienceteamistryingto determinewhetherthewatericeeverthawsenoughtobeavailableforbiology andifcarbon-containingchemicalsandotherrawmaterialsforlifeare present.??Themissionisexaminingtheskyaswellastheground. ACanadianinstrumentisusingalaserbeamtostudydustandclouds overhead.??It’sa30-wattlightbulbgivingusalasershowon MarssaidVictoriaHipkinoftheCanadianSpaceAgency.??A full-circlecolorpanoramaofPhoenix’ssurroundingsalsohasbeencompletedby thespacecraft.??Thedetailsandpatternsweseeintheground showanice-dominatedterrainasfarastheeyecanseesaidMarkLemmonof TexasA&MUniversityleadscientistforPhoenix’sSurfaceStereoImager camera.Theyhelpusplanmeasurementswe’remakingwithinreachoftherobotic armandinterpretthosemeasurementsonawiderscale. WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmeantbythewriter?
Language Whenmostofusthinkaboutlanguagewethinkfirstaboutwords.Thusthehardestpartoflearningaforeignlanguagemayseemtobememorizing【51】vocabulary;whenweobserveachildfirstacquiringspeechwetalkofhisprogress【52】amatteroflearningnewwords.Wearealso【53】tofeelthattheadultspeakerwiththelargestvocabularyhasthebest【54】ofEnglish.Tothink【55】alanguageasjustastockofwordsis【56】quitewrong.Wordsalonedonot【57】alanguage;agrammaris【58】tocombinetheminsomeintelligibleway.Moreoverwordsarerelativelyeasytolearnandindeedallofusgo【59】learningthemallour【60】.Theyarealsothe【61】stablepartoflanguage.Wordscomeinto【62】changetheirpronunciationsandmeaningsanddisappearcompletelyallwithcomparativeease.Yetitistruethatthe【63】isfocusoflanguage.Itisinwords【64】soundsandmeaningsinterlocktoallowusto【65】withoneanotheranditiswordsthatwearrangetogethertomakesentencesconversationsanddiscourseofallkinds.Thuswehaveaparadoxinthatthemostshort-livedpartoflanguageisalsothecentrewheremeaningpronunciationandgrammarcometogether.
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